Power line corridors have been repeatedly assessed as habitat for wild bees; however, few studies have examined them as bee habitat relative to nearby crop fields and surrounding landscape context.
We surveyed bee communities in power line corridors near to and isolated from lowbush blueberry fields in two landscape contexts in Maine, U.S.A. We examined the influences of blooming plant abundance and diversity and bee life-history traits including sociality, nesting preference, and body size.
We surveyed wild bees and blooming plants in power line corridors from 2013 to 2015. We calculated landscape composition surrounding sites at multiple scales and gathered bee trait information from the literature. We assessed differences in bee communities owing to landscape context with generalized linear models.
We collected 125 wild bee species and observed a rare plant-pollinator relationship within power line corridors. We found greater bee abundance and species richness throughout a complex, resource-rich landscape, while mass-flowering lowbush blueberry fields enhanced bee species richness only in a simple, resource-poor landscape. Landscape composition and blooming plant diversity varied with landscape context, though only landscape composition influenced bee communities. Solitary and ground-nesting species were more sensitive to landscape context than social or cavity-nesting species.
Power line corridors provide crucial refugia for crop pollinating wild bees in agricultural landscapes with resource-poor natural habitat, while bees may selectively forage in power line corridors within agricultural landscapes containing resource-rich natural habitat. We found high-quality forage within corridors; quantifying nesting resources could clarify corridor use by wild bees.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-022-01495-9","usgsCitation":"Du Clos, B., Drummond, F.A., and Loftin, C., 2022, Effects of an early mass-flowering crop on wild bee communities and traits in power line corridors vary with blooming plants and landscape context: Landscape Ecology, v. 37, p. 2619-2634, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-022-01495-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2619","endPage":"2634","ipdsId":"IP-124416","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":428535,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"37","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Du Clos, Brianne","contributorId":336548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Du Clos","given":"Brianne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drummond, Francis A.","contributorId":336549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drummond","given":"Francis","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loftin, Cyndy 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":146427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cyndy","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":900269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70235722,"text":"70235722 - 2022 - Tracking geomorphic changes after suburban development with a high density of green stormwater infrastructure practices in Montgomery County, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-16T11:50:42.860448","indexId":"70235722","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-11T06:46:55","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking geomorphic changes after suburban development with a high density of green stormwater infrastructure practices in Montgomery County, Maryland","docAbstract":"Stream morphology is affected by changes on the surrounding landscape. Understanding the effects of urbanization on stream morphology is a critical factor for land managers to maintain and improve vulnerable stream corridors in urbanizing landscapes. Stormwater practices are used in urban landscapes to manage runoff volumes and peak flows, potentially mitigating alterations to the flow regime that drive changes in channel morphology. However, there remains a paucity of long-term studies assessing watershed-scale relationships between urbanization and effects on stream morphology where green stormwater infrastructure exists in high densities. This paper evaluates the geomorphic changes across four headwater catchments in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed over the course of >10 yr and relates these changes to urban development. Annual cross-sectional surveys conducted from 2002 to 2019 in one forested catchment, one agricultural catchment, and two treatment catchments were used to understand the relationship between urbanization and changes in stream morphology. Six cross-sectional geomorphic metrics were calculated and compared with development timelines and high flow events. A channel evolution model was then used to understand the status of morphologic stability at sites within the study. Results suggest downstream environments in developing areas are more impacted during early phases of suburban construction. Channel change during construction could be a result of sediment and erosion control efforts' limitations on preventing and controlling overland sediment mobilization or of increased discharge causing widening and thus bank-derived sediment to move to the streambed. Results demonstrate that geomorphic metrics are highly variable within a small area and are not always accurate representations of broader landscape changes but rather of the more localized environment at a specific stream segment. Despite a high density of stormwater management facilities in urban catchments, substantial alterations to cross sections were found at multiple locations in each catchment including the controls.
This study utilizes instruments from the Curiosity rover payload to develop an integrated paleoenvironmental and compositional reconstruction for the 65-m thick interval of stratigraphy comprising the Hartmann's Valley and Karasburg members of the Murray formation, Gale crater, Mars. The stratigraphy consists of cross-stratified sandstone (Facies 1), planar-laminated sandstone (Facies 2), and planar-laminated mudstone (Facies 3). Facies 1 is composed of sandstone showing truncated sets of concave-curvilinear laminae stacked into cosets. Sets are estimated to be meter-to sub-meter-scale, consistent with low-height dunes. Thin stratigraphic intervals of Facies 1 and stacking patterns with Facies 2 and 3 support a wet aeolian dune interpretation. Meter-thick packages of planar-laminated sandstone (Facies 2) are interpreted to represent interfingering dune-interdune strata. Facies 3 consists of meter-thick packages of planar-laminated mudstone interpreted to represent lacustrine deposition with persistent standing water. Integration of geochemistry with each facies reveals some compositional control based on the depositional process. Models for source rock composition from Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer measurements show that facies derived from a basaltic source. Alteration indices and geochemical trends provide evidence that moderate chemical weathering occurred before compositional changes due to diagenesis. Differences in wt% FeO(T) and TiO2 between facies are minimal, though trends point to sediment sorting in transport. Comparisons to terrestrial basaltic sedimentary systems indicate that the Hartmann's Valley and Karasburg facies reflect deposition in an environment where diverse subaqueous and subaerial facies persisted adjacent to a long-lived body of water.
Seagrasses are submerged marine plants that have been declining globally at increasing rates. Natural resource managers rely on monitoring programs to detect and understand changes in these ecosystems. Technological advancements are allowing for the development of patch-level seagrass maps, which can be used to explore seagrass meadow spatial patterns.
Our research questions involved comparing lacunarity, a measure of landscape configuration, for seagrass to assess cross-site differences in areal coverage and spatial patterns through time. We also discussed how lacunarity could help natural resource managers with monitoring program development and restoration decisions and evaluation.
We assessed lacunarity of seagrass meadows for various box sizes (0.0001 ha to 400.4 ha) around Cat Island and Ship Island, Mississippi (USA). For Cat Island, we used seagrass data from 2011 to 2014. For Ship Island, we used seagrass data for seven dates between 1963 and 2014.
Cat Island, which had more continuous seagrass meadows, had lower lacunarity (i.e., denser coverage) compared to Ship Island, which had patchier seagrass beds. For Ship Island, we found a signal of disturbance and path toward recovery from Hurricane Camille in 1969. Finally, we highlighted how lacunarity curves could be used as one of multiple considerations for designing monitoring programs, which are commonly used for seagrass monitoring.
Lacunarity can help quantify spatial pattern dynamics, but more importantly, it can assist with natural resource management by defining fragmentation and potential scales for monitoring. This approach could be applied to other environments, especially other coastal ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-022-01499-5","usgsCitation":"Enwright, N., Darnell, K.M., and Carter, G.A., 2022, Lacunarity as a tool for assessing landscape configuration over time and informing long-term monitoring: An example using seagrass: Landscape Ecology, v. 37, p. 2689-2705, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-022-01499-5.","productDescription":"17 p.; Data Release","startPage":"2689","endPage":"2705","ipdsId":"IP-138701","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":435734,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QT07CZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Seagrass map, Cat Island and Ship Island, Mississippi, 2014"},{"id":405251,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":417831,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TO5P3R"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Cat Island, Ship Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.15748596191406,\n 30.19439868711761\n ],\n [\n -88.85948181152344,\n 30.19439868711761\n ],\n [\n -88.85948181152344,\n 30.261439550638762\n ],\n [\n -89.15748596191406,\n 30.261439550638762\n ],\n [\n -89.15748596191406,\n 30.19439868711761\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Enwright, Nicholas 0000-0002-7887-3261","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7887-3261","contributorId":217766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enwright","given":"Nicholas","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Darnell, Kelly M.","contributorId":272888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Darnell","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":48626,"text":"The Water Institute of the Gulf, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, Greg A. 0000-0001-8033-0090","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8033-0090","contributorId":295311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carter","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12460,"text":"The University of Southern Mississippi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70239771,"text":"70239771 - 2022 - Navigating the space between policy and practice: Toward a typology of collaborators in a federal land management agency","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-19T12:41:47.667595","indexId":"70239771","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-11T06:40:34","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3405,"text":"Society and Natural Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Navigating the space between policy and practice: Toward a typology of collaborators in a federal land management agency","docAbstract":"Navigating the space between policy and on-the-ground natural resource management presents unique challenges. We interviewed 22 U.S. Bureau of Land Management Field Office Managers to understand their perceptions toward, and applications of, collaboration with public and private stakeholders. Interviews were transcribed and open-coded using qualitative data analysis software. Then, each interview was represented visually using the MaxQDA MaxMaps feature. We deductively coded each visual model and created a typology based on a mix of salient traits exhibited by each group. Differences emerged in each group’s approach to teaching and learning; communication style; attitude toward collaboration; attention to relational and substantive outcomes; and the ability to create space within the agency mission to achieve mutually beneficial goals. Findings can help agencies navigate the challenges associated with aligning agency directives with on-the-ground realities in different contexts when collaborators exhibit different traits.
The rapid expansion of CubeSat constellations could revolutionize the way inland and nearshore coastal waters are monitored from space. This potential stems from the ability of CubeSats to provide daily imagery with global coverage at meter-scale spatial resolution. In this study, we explore the unique opportunity to improve the retrieval of bathymetry offered by CubeSats, specifically those of the PlanetScope constellation. The orbital design of the PlanetScope constellation enables the acquisition of image sequences with short time lags (from seconds to hours). This characteristic allows multiple images to be captured during a short period of steady bathymetric conditions, especially in dynamic environments like rivers. We hypothesize that taking the ensemble mean of a CubeSat image sequence can enhance bathymetry retrieval compared to standard single-image analysis. Along with the existing optimal band ratio analysis (OBRA) algorithm, we also use a new neural network-based depth retrieval (NNDR) technique to infer bathymetry from both individual and time-averaged images. The two methodologies are evaluated using field data from five different river reaches with depths up to 15 m and both top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiance and bottom-of-atmosphere (BOA) surface reflectance PlanetScope data products. Despite low spectral resolution and concerns about the radiometric quality of CubeSat imagery, accuracy assessment based on in-situ comparisons indicates the potential (0.52 < R2 < 0.7 for the NNDR method) of PlanetScope imagery to retrieve depths up to ∼ 10 m in clear water conditions. The proposed image averaging consistently improves bathymetry retrieval over single image analysis. The NNDR technique was found to outperform OBRA, illustrating the importance of leveraging all spectral bands through machine learning approaches. TOA data provided more robust bathymetry results than BOA data for the OBRA technique, but the NNDR technique was minimally impacted by the type of data product.
Mineral commodity supply disruptions have the potential to ripple through and impact the economy in many ways. Industrial vulnerability is a crucial component of mineral commodity criticality tools as it provides guidance on the economic importance of these commodities to regional criticality indices. Using an economic model that links mineral commodity end-use data to input-output tables and a linear optimization routine, reductions in economic output of individual industries and of the overall economy may be calculated. Such a model can also help to identify industries, be they direct or indirect consumers of the mineral commodities in question, that are most vulnerable to specific mineral commodity supply disruptions at different disruption magnitudes. In this assessment, 56 commodities’ end-use data for the year 2012 were paired with the United States’ detail-level Benchmark Input-Output accounts to build an industrial vulnerability model. The model does not evaluate the likelihood of specific supply disruptions but can be used to assess potential industry impacts for a range of scenarios. The model findings indicate that when the supplies of mineral commodities such as mica, lithium, and fluorspar were disrupted, large overall economic decline was paired with a large decline in many industries. On the other hand, gold, lead, and rhenium disruptions resulted in low declines and few disrupted industries.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102889","usgsCitation":"Manley, R., Alonso, E., and Nassar, N.T., 2022, A model to assess industry vulnerability to disruptions in mineral commodity supplies: Resources Policy, v. 78, 102889, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102889.","productDescription":"102889, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-135103","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102889","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":408479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"78","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manley, Ross 0000-0002-3341-4766","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3341-4766","contributorId":223012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manley","given":"Ross","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":854815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alonso, Elisa 0000-0002-0090-8284","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0090-8284","contributorId":223015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alonso","given":"Elisa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":854816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nassar, Nedal T. 0000-0001-8758-9732 nnassar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8758-9732","contributorId":197864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nassar","given":"Nedal","email":"nnassar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":854817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70234373,"text":"70234373 - 2022 - Diatom influence on the production characteristics of hydrate-bearing sediments: Examples from Ulleung Basin, offshore South Korea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-15T11:31:18.549912","indexId":"70234373","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-10T08:58:27","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2382,"text":"Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diatom influence on the production characteristics of hydrate-bearing sediments: Examples from Ulleung Basin, offshore South Korea","docAbstract":"The Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate field expeditions in 2007 (UBGH1) and 2010 (UBGH2) sought to assess the Basin's gas hydrate resource potential. Coring operations in both expeditions recovered evidence of gas hydrate, primarily as fracture-filling (or vein type) morphologies in mainly silt-sized, fine-grained sediment, but also as pore-occupying hydrate in the coarser-grained layers of interbedded sand and fine-grained systems. A commonality across many of these occurrences is the presence of diatoms in the fine-grained sediment. Here we tested fine-grained sediment (median grain size <12.5 μm) associated with hydrate occurrences at four UBGH2 sites (UBGH2-2-2, UBGH2-3, UBGH2-6 and UBGH2-11) to investigate potential impacts of diatoms on efforts to extract methane from hydrate, or to tap hydrocarbon reservoirs beneath hydrate-bearing sediment. Two key considerations are: the extent to which diatoms control sediment mechanical properties, and the extent to which pore-water freshening, which occurs as gas hydrate breaks down during resource extraction, alters the diatom control on sediment mechanical properties. We conducted experiments to measure sediment index properties, sedimentation behavior and compressibility to address these considerations. We relied on scanning electron microscope (SEM) imagery and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) to characterize the sediment mineralogy. Our high-level findings are that at the ∼20–45% (by volume) diatom concentrations observed at these UBGH2 sites, sediment compressibility increases with diatom content, but diatoms only appear to increase porosity and permeability at the highest diatom concentration (∼45%). Our measurements suggest in situ compression indices of 0.35–0.55 and permeabilities on the order of 0.01milliDarcies (1 × 10−17 m2) can be anticipated at these sites. Importantly, these properties are not expected to vary significantly upon pore water freshening that accompanies gas hydrate dissociation during production.
Recently, the subsoils of ephemeral stream (arroyos) floodplains in the northern Chihuahuan Desert were discovered to contain large naturally occurring NO3− reservoirs (floodplain: ~38,000 kg NO3-N/ha; background: ~60 kg NO3-N/ha). These reservoirs may be mobilized through land use change or natural stream channel migration which makes differentiating between anthropogenic and natural groundwater NO3− sources challenging. In this study, the fate and sources of NO3− were investigated in an area with multiple NO3− sources such as accidental sewer line releases and sewage lagoons as well as natural reservoirs of subsoil NO3−. To differentiate sources, this study used a large suite of geochemical tools including δ15N[NO3], δ18O[NO3], δ15N[N2], δ13C[DIC], 14C, tritium (3H), dissolved gas concentrations, major ion chemistry, and contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) including artificial sweeteners. NO3− at sites with the highest concentrations (25 to 229 mg/L NO3-N) were determined to be largely sourced from naturally occurring subsoil NO3− based on δ15N[NO3] (<8 ‰) and mass ratios of Cl−/Br− (〈100) and NO3−/Cl− (>1.5). Anthropogenic NO3− was deciphered using mass ratios of Cl−/Br− (>120) and NO3−/Cl− (<1), δ15N[NO3] (>8 ‰), and CEC detections. Nitrogen isotope analyses indicated that denitrification is fairly limited in the field area. CEC were detected at 67 % of sites including 3H dead sites (<1 pCi/L) with low percent modern carbon-14 (PMC; <30 %). Local supply wells are 3H dead with low PMC; as 3H does not re-equilibrate and 14C is very slow to re-equilibrate during recirculation through infrastructure, sites with low PMC, 3H < 1 pCi/L, and CEC detections were interpreted as locations with substantial anthropogenic groundwater recharge. Neotame was used to identify locations of very recent (<15 years before present) or ongoing wastewater influxes to the aquifer. This work shows the important influence of naturally occurring subsoil NO3− reservoirs on groundwater in arid regions and the major contribution of artificial recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157345","usgsCitation":"Linhoff, B.S., 2022, Deciphering natural and anthropogenic nitrate and recharge sources in arid region groundwater: Science of the Total Environment, v. 848, 157345, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157345.","productDescription":"157345, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-137249","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446835,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157345","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":405070,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local groundwater decline exacerbates response of dryland riparian woodlands to climatic drought","docAbstract":"Dryland riparian woodlands are considered to be locally buffered from droughts by shallow and stable groundwater levels. However, climate change is causing more frequent and severe drought events, accompanied by warmer temperatures, collectively threatening the persistence of these groundwater dependent ecosystems through a combination of increasing evaporative demand and decreasing groundwater supply. We conducted a dendro-isotopic analysis of radial growth and seasonal (semi-annual) carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C) to investigate the response of riparian cottonwood stands to the unprecedented California-wide drought from 2012 to 2019, along the largest remaining free-flowing river in Southern California. Our goals were to identify principal drivers and indicators of drought stress for dryland riparian woodlands, determine their thresholds of tolerance to hydroclimatic stressors, and ultimately assess their vulnerability to climate change. Riparian trees were highly responsive to drought conditions along the river, exhibiting suppressed growth and strong stomatal closure (inferred from reduced Δ13C) during peak drought years. However, patterns of radial growth and Δ13C were quite variable among sites that differed in climatic conditions and rate of groundwater decline. We show that the rate of groundwater decline, as opposed to climate factors, was the primary driver of site differences in drought stress, and trees showed greater sensitivity to temperature at sites subjected to faster groundwater decline. Across sites, higher correlation between radial growth and Δ13C for individual trees, and higher inter-correlation of Δ13C among trees were indicative of greater drought stress. Trees showed a threshold of tolerance to groundwater decline at 0.5 m year−1 beyond which drought stress became increasingly evident and severe. For sites that exceeded this threshold, peak physiological stress occurred when total groundwater recession exceeded ~3 m. These findings indicate that drought-induced groundwater decline associated with more extreme droughts is a primary threat to dryland riparian woodlands and increases their susceptibility to projected warmer temperatures.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.16376","usgsCitation":"Williams, J., Stella, J., Voelker, S.L., Lambert, A.M., Pelletier, L., Drake, J.E., Friedman, J.M., Roberts, D.A., and Singer, M.B., 2022, Local groundwater decline exacerbates response of dryland riparian woodlands to climatic drought: Global Change Biology, v. 28, no. 22, p. 6771-6788, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16376.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"6771","endPage":"6788","ipdsId":"IP-140666","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16376","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":408692,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Clara River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.583333,\n 34.5833\n ],\n [\n -119.083333,\n 34.5833\n ],\n [\n -119.083333,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -118.583333,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -118.583333,\n 34.5833\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Jared","contributorId":298516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Jared","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27852,"text":"State University of New York, Syracuse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stella, John C","contributorId":149423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stella","given":"John C","affiliations":[{"id":17732,"text":"Professor, Dept of Forest & Natural Resources Mgmt, SUNY at ESF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voelker, Steven L.","contributorId":176586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voelker","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":855771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lambert, Adam M","contributorId":298518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lambert","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pelletier, Lissa","contributorId":298520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pelletier","given":"Lissa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27852,"text":"State University of New York, Syracuse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Drake, John E","contributorId":298522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drake","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":27852,"text":"State University of New York, Syracuse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Friedman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-1329-0663 friedmanj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-0663","contributorId":2473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Jonathan","email":"friedmanj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roberts, Dar A.","contributorId":100503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"Dar","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12804,"text":"Univ. of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Singer, Michael B.","contributorId":168369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singer","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":25268,"text":"University of St Andrews, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70234395,"text":"70234395 - 2022 - Assembling a safe and effective toolbox for integrated flea control and plague mitigation: Fipronil experiments with prairie dogs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-10T13:38:33.781642","indexId":"70234395","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-10T08:21:00","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assembling a safe and effective toolbox for integrated flea control and plague mitigation: Fipronil experiments with prairie dogs","docAbstract":"Background
Plague, a widely distributed zoonotic disease of mammalian hosts and flea vectors, poses a significant risk to ecosystems throughout much of Earth. Conservation biologists use insecticides for flea control and plague mitigation. Here, we evaluate the use of an insecticide grain bait, laced with 0.005% fipronil (FIP) by weight, with black-tailed prairie dogs (BTPDs, Cynomys ludovicianus). We consider safety measures, flea control, BTPD body condition, BTPD survival, efficacy of plague mitigation, and the speed of FIP grain application vs. infusing BTPD burrows with insecticide dusts. We also explore conservation implications for endangered black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes), which are specialized predators of Cynomys.
Principal findings
During 5- and 10-day laboratory trials in Colorado, USA, 2016–2017, FIP grain had no detectable acute toxic effect on 20 BTPDs that readily consumed the grain. During field experiments in South Dakota, USA, 2016–2020, FIP grain suppressed fleas on BTPDs for at least 12 months and up to 24 months in many cases; short-term flea control on a few sites was poor for unknown reasons. In an area of South Dakota where plague circulation appeared low or absent, FIP grain had no detectable effect, positive or negative, on BTPD survival. Experimental results suggest FIP grain may have improved BTPD body condition (mass:foot) and reproduction (juveniles:adults). During a 2019 plague epizootic in Colorado, BTPDs on 238 ha habitat were protected by FIP grain, whereas BTPDs were nearly eliminated on non-treated habitat. Applications of FIP grain were 2–4 times faster than dusting BTPD burrows.
Significance
Deltamethrin dust is the most commonly used insecticide for plague mitigation on Cynomys colonies. Fleas on BTPD colonies exhibit the ability to evolve resistance to deltamethrin after repeated annual treatments. Thus, more tools are needed. Accumulating data show orally-delivered FIP is safe and usually effective for flea control with BTPDs, though potential acute toxic effects cannot be ruled out. With continued study and refinement, FIP might be used in rotation with, or even replace deltamethrin, and serve an important role in Cynomys and black-footed ferret conservation. More broadly, our stepwise approach to research on FIP may function as a template or guide for evaluations of insecticides in the context of wildlife conservation.
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recreational fisheries harvest for consumption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-16T12:10:25.836446","indexId":"70235712","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-10T07:06:46","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3907,"text":"Scientific Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global dataset of species-specific inland recreational fisheries harvest for consumption","docAbstract":"Inland recreational fisheries, found in lakes, rivers, and other landlocked waters, are important to livelihoods, nutrition, leisure, and other societal ecosystem services worldwide. Although recreationally-caught fish are frequently harvested and consumed by fishers, their contribution to food and nutrition has not been adequately quantified due to lack of data, poor monitoring, and under-reporting, especially in developing countries. Beyond limited global harvest estimates, few have explored species-specific harvest patterns, although this variability has implications for fisheries management and food security. Given the continued growth of the recreational fishery sector, understanding inland recreational fish harvest and consumption rates represents a critical knowledge gap. Based on a comprehensive literature search and expert knowledge review, we quantified multiple aspects of global inland recreational fisheries for 81 countries spanning ~192 species. For each country, we assembled recreational fishing participation rate and estimated species-specific harvest and consumption rate. This dataset provides a foundation for future assessments, including understanding nutritional and economic contributions of inland recreational fisheries.
We investigated the cumulative effects of predation by piscivorous colonial waterbirds on the survival of multiple salmonid (Oncorhynchus spp.) populations listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) and determined what proportion of all sources of fish mortality (1 –survival) were due to birds in the Columbia River basin, USA. Anadromous juvenile salmonids (smolts) were exposed to predation by Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia), double-crested cormorants (Nannopterum auritum), California gulls (Larus californicus), and ring-billed gulls (L. delawarensis), birds known to consume both live and dead fish. Avian consumption and survival probabilities (proportion of available fish consumed or alive) were estimated for steelhead trout (O. mykiss), yearling Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha), sub-yearling Chinook salmon, and sockeye salmon (O. nerka) during out-migration from the lower Snake River to the Pacific Ocean during an 11-year study period (2008–2018). Results indicated that probabilities of avian consumption varied greatly across salmonid populations, bird species, colony location, river reach, and year. Cumulative consumption probabilities (consumption by birds from all colonies combined) were consistently the highest for steelhead, with annual estimates ranging from 0.22 (95% credible interval = 0.20–0.26) to 0.51 (0.43–0.60) of available smolts. The cumulative effects of avian consumption were significantly lower for yearling and sub-yearling Chinook salmon, with consumption probabilities ranging annually from 0.04 (0.02–0.07) to 0.10 (0.07–0.15) and from 0.06 (0.3–0.09) to 0.15 (0.10–0.23), respectively. Avian consumption probabilities for sockeye salmon smolts was generally higher than for Chinook salmon smolts, but lower than for steelhead smolts, ranging annually from 0.08 (0.03–0.22) to 0.25 (0.14–0.44). Although annual consumption probabilities for birds from certain colonies were more than 0.20 of available smolts, probabilities from other colonies were less than 0.01 of available smolts, indicating that not all colonies of birds posed a substantial risk to smolt mortality. Consumption probabilities were lowest for small colonies and for colonies located a considerable distance from the Snake and Columbia rivers. Total mortality attributed to avian consumption was relatively small for Chinook salmon (less than 10%) but was the single greatest source of mortality for steelhead (greater than 50%) in all years evaluated. Results suggest that the potential benefits to salmonid populations of managing birds to reduce smolt mortality would vary widely depending on the salmonid population, the species of bird, and the size and location of the breeding colony.
No abstract available.
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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kapfer, Joshua M.","contributorId":300285,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kapfer","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":859830,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Donald J.","contributorId":265421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Donald J.","affiliations":[{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859831,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"King, Richard S.","contributorId":225118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hay, Robert W.","contributorId":225119,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hay","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":41040,"text":"Turtle for Tomorrow","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrison, Billie C.","contributorId":225120,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"Billie","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":41041,"text":"Milwaukee County Zoo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hileman, Eric Thomas 0000-0002-7044-370X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-370X","contributorId":224633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hileman","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Berg, Craig S.","contributorId":225121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berg","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":41041,"text":"Milwaukee County Zoo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70235835,"text":"70235835 - 2022 - Testing assumptions in the use of PIT tags to study movement of Plethodon salamanders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-23T14:07:01.58722","indexId":"70235835","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-09T09:00:08","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Testing assumptions in the use of PIT tags to study movement of Plethodon salamanders","title":"Testing assumptions in the use of PIT tags to study movement of Plethodon salamanders","docAbstract":"Studying the movements of organisms that live underground for at least a portion of their life history is challenging, given the state of current technology. Passive integrated transponders (PIT tags) provide a way to individually identify and, more recently, study the movement of smaller animals, including those that make subterranean movements. However, there are widespread assumptions of the use of PIT tags that remain problematic. We tested the effects of PIT-tag implantation on growth and survival, along with the effects of electromagnetic fields for reading PIT tags on behavior, of the smallest salamander that has been PIT-tagged: the Red-Backed Salamander. We found no effect of PIT tags on growth or survival. Using a mesocosm experiment, we also found that electromagnetic effects associated with reading PIT tags, had no effect on salamander behavior. Further, we describe a novel PIT antenna and soil mesocosm experimental arena for studying belowground movements of woodland salamanders. Collectively, these studies suggest that the use of PIT tags do not influence the growth, survival, or behavior of Red-Backed Salamanders. Given the challenges of studying salamanders that live underground and the impending changes in climate and landscapes, this research suggests that PIT tags remain a viable tool for studying the movement ecology of salamanders under global change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","doi":"10.1670/20-006","usgsCitation":"Sterrett, S., Dubreuil, T.L., O'Donnell, M.J., Brand, A., and Campbell Grant, E.H., 2022, Testing assumptions in the use of PIT tags to study movement of Plethodon salamanders: Journal of Herpetology, v. 56, no. 2, p. 146-152, https://doi.org/10.1670/20-006.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"152","ipdsId":"IP-115968","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":405456,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sterrett, Sean C 0000-0003-1356-2785","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1356-2785","contributorId":242972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sterrett","given":"Sean C","affiliations":[{"id":38445,"text":"Monmouth University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dubreuil, Todd L. 0000-0003-0189-4336 tdubreuil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0189-4336","contributorId":5552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubreuil","given":"Todd","email":"tdubreuil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Donnell, Matthew J. 0000-0002-9089-2377","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-2377","contributorId":295467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Donnell","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brand, Adrianne 0000-0003-2664-0041","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2664-0041","contributorId":295466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"Adrianne","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Campbell Grant, Evan H. 0000-0003-4401-6496 ehgrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":150443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell Grant","given":"Evan","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70234350,"text":"70234350 - 2022 - Research to inform passage spacing for migratory amphibians and to evaluate efficacy and designs for open elevated road segment (ERS) passages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-09T13:44:46.639613","indexId":"70234350","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-09T08:44:14","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"title":"Research to inform passage spacing for migratory amphibians and to evaluate efficacy and designs for open elevated road segment (ERS) passages","docAbstract":"This is a multifaceted project that includes three main areas of research targeted to inform effective crossing systems for migratory amphibians, a large group of species which are at very high risk from negative impacts from roads within their habitats (Glista et al. 2008, Hamer and McDonnell 2008, Semlitsch 2008, Brehme et al. 2018). The three projects presented in this report are:
1) Movement distances along road barrier fencing and probabilities of reaching a passage: Case study with Yosemite toads in Sierra National Forest, CA.
2) Effectiveness of a novel elevated road segment (ERS) road passage system prototype in providing connectivity for amphibians, reptiles, and small mammals: Case study in Sierra National Forest, CA.
3) Concept designs and transportation engineering evaluation for the ERS on primary roads and highways.
This research began in 2018 as part of a larger U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) research program in collaboration with the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), and Western Transportation Institute (WTI; Montana State University) to inform best management practices for barrier and crossing systems for sensitive amphibians and reptiles in California (Langton and Clevenger 2021, Brehme and Fisher 2020). The funding from Department of Transportation (DOT) pooled fund partners (Parks Canada / Government of Canada, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), U.S. State Departments of Transportation (AK, AZ, CA, CO, IA, MI, MN, NM, NV, OR, WA), Ontario Ministry of Transportation) and managed by the Nevada Department of Transportation (NDOT) supported 2021 field study efforts, analyses of fence movement distances for Yosemite toads, and analysis of the efficacy of a novel ERS passage system to Yosemite toads and other amphibians, reptiles and small mammals. Finally, this pooled fund project includes an assessment by transportation engineers in consultation with USGS and Caltrans to provide insight, guidance, and concept designs for similar crossing solutions that could be implemented on improved roads.
This research is meant to inform the distances required between crossings to provide permeability for migratory amphibians (i.e., to allow movements necessary for population persistence across roads) as well as to assess the permeability of a new passage design for amphibians and other small animal species that may provide greater connectivity and offer an alternative to below grade tunnels. The results of these studies add to the current body of knowledge in road ecology and increase the choices of road passage designs for amphibians and other small wildlife species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nevada Department of Transportation","collaboration":"In cooperation with USDOT Federal Highway Administration","usgsCitation":"Brehme, C.S., Barnes, S., Ewing, B., Vaughan, C., Hobbs, M., Tornaci, C., Gould, P.R., Holm, S., Sheldon, H., and Fisher, R., 2022, Research to inform passage spacing for migratory amphibians and to evaluate efficacy and designs for open elevated road segment (ERS) passages, iv, 79 p.","productDescription":"iv, 79 p.","ipdsId":"IP-142380","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":404996,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":404981,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.dot.nv.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/20719/637940762979694245","size":"8494 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Rock Creek Road, Sierra National Forest, Sierra National Forest Road 9S09","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.17194128036499,\n 37.138475851040155\n ],\n [\n -119.17123317718504,\n 37.13809952693361\n ],\n [\n -119.1703748703003,\n 37.13929691532038\n ],\n [\n -119.17024612426758,\n 37.14201662709922\n ],\n [\n -119.17106151580809,\n 37.141965312687695\n ],\n [\n -119.17097568511963,\n 37.139707444118805\n ],\n [\n -119.17194128036499,\n 37.138475851040155\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brehme, Cheryl S. 0000-0001-8904-3354 cbrehme@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8904-3354","contributorId":3419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brehme","given":"Cheryl","email":"cbrehme@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnes, Stephanie","contributorId":258239,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"Stephanie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":848618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ewing, Brittany 0000-0001-5540-3905","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5540-3905","contributorId":258242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewing","given":"Brittany","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vaughan, Cassie","contributorId":294692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vaughan","given":"Cassie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7134,"text":"USFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":848620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hobbs, Michael","contributorId":258243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hobbs","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":848621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tornaci, Charles","contributorId":294693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tornaci","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63629,"text":"Dokken Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":848622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gould, Philip Robert 0000-0002-8871-0968","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-0968","contributorId":294694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Holm, Sarah","contributorId":294695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holm","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63629,"text":"Dokken Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":848624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sheldon, Hanna","contributorId":294696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheldon","given":"Hanna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63629,"text":"Dokken Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":848625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70236472,"text":"70236472 - 2022 - Discovery and potential ramifications of reduced iron-bearing nanoparticles — Magnetite, wüstite, and zero-valent iron — In wildland–urban interface fire ashes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-16T17:02:46.790045","indexId":"70236472","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-09T08:14:50","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":12575,"text":"Environmental Science Nano","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discovery and potential ramifications of reduced iron-bearing nanoparticles — Magnetite, wüstite, and zero-valent iron — In wildland–urban interface fire ashes","docAbstract":"The increase in fires at the wildland–urban interface has raised concerns about the potential environmental impact of ash remaining after burning. Here, we examined the concentrations and speciation of iron-bearing nanoparticles in wildland–urban interface ash. Total iron concentrations in ash varied between 4 and 66 mg g−1. Synchrotron X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy of bulk ash samples was used to quantify the relative abundance of major Fe phases, which were corroborated by transmission electron microscopy measurements. Maghemite (γ-(Fe3+)2O3) and magnetite (γ-Fe2+(Fe3+)2O4) were detected in most ashes and accounted for 0–90 and 0–81% of the spectral weight, respectively. Ferrihydrite (amorphous Fe(III)–hydroxide, (Fe3+)5HO8·4H2O), goethite (α-Fe3+OOH), and hematite (α-Fe3+2O3) were identified less frequently in ashes than maghemite and magnetite and accounted for 0–65, 0–54, and 0–50% of spectral weight, respectively. Other iron phases identified in ashes include wüstite (Fe2+O), zerovalent iron, FeS, FeCl2, FeCl3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, and Fe(NO3)3. Our findings demonstrate the impact of fires at the wildland–urban interface on iron speciation; that is, fires can convert iron oxides (e.g., maghemite, hematite, and goethite) to reduced iron phases such as magnetite, wüstite, and zerovalent iron. Magnetite concentrations (e.g., up to 25 mg g−1) decreased from black to gray to white ashes. Based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses, most of the magnetite nanoparticles were less than 500 nm in size, although larger particles were identified. Magnetite nanoparticles have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases as well as climate change. This study provides important information for understanding the potential environmental impacts of fires at the wildland–urban interface, which are currently poorly understood.
","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/D2EN00439A","usgsCitation":"Baalousha, M., Desmau, M., Singerling, S., Webster, J.P., Matiasek, S., Stern, M.A., and Alpers, C.N., 2022, Discovery and potential ramifications of reduced iron-bearing nanoparticles — Magnetite, wüstite, and zero-valent iron — In wildland–urban interface fire ashes: Environmental Science Nano, v. 9, no. 11, p. 4136-4149, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2EN00439A.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"4136","endPage":"4149","ipdsId":"IP-140231","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/115415","text":"External Repository"},{"id":406373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baalousha, Mohammed 0000-0001-7491-4954","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7491-4954","contributorId":255450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baalousha","given":"Mohammed","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37804,"text":"University of South Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":851141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Desmau, Morgane 0000-0002-7828-183X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7828-183X","contributorId":296283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Desmau","given":"Morgane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64009,"text":"Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":851142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Singerling, Sheryl A. 0000-0001-8639-5039","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8639-5039","contributorId":296284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singerling","given":"Sheryl A.","affiliations":[{"id":64010,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":851143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Webster, Jackson P.","contributorId":248454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webster","given":"Jackson","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":49915,"text":"California State University Chico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":851144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Matiasek, Sandrine 0000-0003-0272-0354","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0272-0354","contributorId":210031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matiasek","given":"Sandrine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38054,"text":"Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, California State University Chico, 400 W 1st St, Chico, CA 95929, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":851145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stern, Michelle A. 0000-0003-3030-7065 mstern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3030-7065","contributorId":4244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"Michelle","email":"mstern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":851146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":851147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70237185,"text":"70237185 - 2022 - Millennia-old coral holobiont DNA provides insight into future adaptive trajectories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-04T12:25:49.925671","indexId":"70237185","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-09T07:21:16","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Millennia-old coral holobiont DNA provides insight into future adaptive trajectories","docAbstract":"Ancient DNA (aDNA) has been applied to evolutionary questions across a wide variety of taxa. Here, for the first time, we leverage aDNA from millennia-old fossil coral fragments to gain new insights into a rapidly declining western Atlantic reef ecosystem. We sampled four Acropora palmata fragments (dated 4215 BCE - 1099 CE) obtained from two Florida Keys reef cores. From these samples, we established that it is possible both to sequence ancient DNA from reef cores and place the data in the context of modern-day genetic variation. We recovered varying amounts of nuclear DNA exhibiting the characteristic signatures of aDNA from the A. palmata fragments. To describe the holobiont sensu lato, which plays a crucial role in reef health, we utilized metagenome-assembled genomes as a reference to identify a large additional proportion of ancient microbial DNA from the samples. The samples shared many common microbes with modern-day coral holobionts from the same region, suggesting remarkable holobiont stability over time. Despite efforts, we were unable to recover ancient Symbiodiniaceae reads from the samples. Comparing the ancient A. palmata data to whole-genome sequencing data from living acroporids, we found that while slightly distinct, ancient samples were most closely related to individuals of their own species. Together, these results provide a proof-of-principle showing that it is possible to carry out direct analysis of coral holobiont change over time, which lays a foundation for studying the impacts of environmental stress and evolutionary constraints.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mec.16642","usgsCitation":"Scott, C.B., Cardenas, A., Mah, M., Narasimhan, V., Rohland, N., Toth, L., Voostra, C., Reich, D., and Matz, M.V., 2022, Millennia-old coral holobiont DNA provides insight into future adaptive trajectories: Molecular Ecology, v. 31, no. 19, p. 4979-4990, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16642.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"4979","endPage":"4990","ipdsId":"IP-132992","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-2-jkfsqqrf91776","text":"External Repository"},{"id":407855,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, Carly B.","contributorId":297168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Carly","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12430,"text":"University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cardenas, Anny","contributorId":297169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cardenas","given":"Anny","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55536,"text":"University of Konstanz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mah, Matthew","contributorId":297170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mah","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Narasimhan, Vagheesh","contributorId":297171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Narasimhan","given":"Vagheesh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12430,"text":"University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rohland, Nadin","contributorId":297173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rohland","given":"Nadin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Toth, Lauren T. 0000-0002-2568-802X ltoth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-802X","contributorId":181748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toth","given":"Lauren","email":"ltoth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Voostra, Christian","contributorId":297175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voostra","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55536,"text":"University of Konstanz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Reich, David","contributorId":297177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reich","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Matz, Mikhail V","contributorId":243005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matz","given":"Mikhail","email":"","middleInitial":"V","affiliations":[{"id":36422,"text":"University of Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70235889,"text":"70235889 - 2022 - Winter severity affects occupancy of spring- and summer-breeding anurans across the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-27T16:58:22.989788","indexId":"70235889","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-09T06:40:23","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter severity affects occupancy of spring- and summer-breeding anurans across the eastern United States","docAbstract":"Climate change is an increasingly important driver of biodiversity loss. The ectothermic nature of amphibians may make them particularly sensitive to changes in temperature and precipitation regimes, adding to declines from other threats. While active season environmental conditions can influence growth and survival, effects of variation in winter conditions on population dynamics are less well-studied. Given that extreme winter temperatures can influence amphibian survival and fitness, we expected that increased winter severity—as measured by variability in winter temperatures and snow cover—would be associated with decreased occupancy, and that populations that experience more severe winters would have the largest sensitivities and show the greatest declines.
Eastern United States.
2001–2015.
Anurans.
We used large-scale citizen science data from the eastern half of the United States, a diverse biogeographic and climatic region, to assess how variation in winter severity influenced occupancy dynamics (i.e. presence or absence of species across sites and years) of 11 spring and summer breeding anuran species.
Most species had increased occupancy in years with greater than average snow cover and warmer than average mean winter temperatures. Surprisingly, climatic conditions in winter affected occupancy dynamics of species with varying life history characteristics, including both spring and summer breeding species, those that overwinter under the soil, and those that overwinter in ponds and stream beds. For two wide-ranging species (Lithobates catesbeianus and Lithobates clamitans), colder winter temperatures reduced occupancy more at northern latitudes, while the association between days of snow cover and latitude was equivocal.
As the climate continues to change, expected reductions in snowpack may reduce occupancy of already declining anuran populations, while milder winters may improve overwinter survival for some species. The contradictory impacts of temperature and snow cover illustrate the importance of considering multi-dimensional impacts of climate change on anuran populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13620","usgsCitation":"Weiskopf, S.R., Shiklomanov, A.N., Thompson, L., Wheedleton, S., and Campbell Grant, E.H., 2022, Winter severity affects occupancy of spring- and summer-breeding anurans across the eastern United States: Diversity and Distributions, v. 28, no. 10, p. 2187-2199, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13620.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2187","endPage":"2199","ipdsId":"IP-127531","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446854,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13620","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":405526,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.28320312499999,\n 25.24469595130604\n ],\n [\n -66.88476562499999,\n 25.24469595130604\n ],\n [\n -66.88476562499999,\n 49.26780455063753\n ],\n [\n -100.28320312499999,\n 49.26780455063753\n ],\n [\n -100.28320312499999,\n 25.24469595130604\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiskopf, Sarah R. 0000-0002-5933-8191","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5933-8191","contributorId":207699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiskopf","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shiklomanov, Alexey N. 0000-0003-4022-5979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4022-5979","contributorId":245541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shiklomanov","given":"Alexey","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":49218,"text":"Boston University Department of Earth and Environment","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Laura 0000-0002-7884-6001","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7884-6001","contributorId":207364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wheedleton, Sarah","contributorId":295508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wheedleton","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63897,"text":"Smithsonian Conservation Commons","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Campbell Grant, Evan H. 0000-0003-4401-6496 ehgrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":150443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell Grant","given":"Evan","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70241508,"text":"70241508 - 2022 - Optimizing survey design for shasta salamanders (Hydromantes spp.) to estimate occurrence in little-studied portions of their range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T11:41:45.905962","indexId":"70241508","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-09T06:40:04","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optimizing survey design for shasta salamanders (Hydromantes spp.) to estimate occurrence in little-studied portions of their range","docAbstract":"Shasta salamanders (collectively, Hydromantes samweli, H. shastae, and H. wintu; hereafter, Shasta salamander) are endemic to northern California in the general vicinity of Shasta Lake reservoir. Although generally associated with limestone, they have repeatedly been found in association with other habitats, calling into question the distribution of the species complex. Further limiting our knowledge of the species' distributions is that they are only active or available for sampling on the soil surface for a small portion of the year, and detection probabilities for the species have never been estimated. We developed and implemented a survey protocol designed to estimate detection, availability, and occurrence probabilities from December 2019 through March 2020. We provide inference on Shasta salamander occurrence in portions of their range that have received little survey effort. We found that Shasta salamander occurrence was positively associated with the percent cover of embedded rock, and the species' availability (i.e., probability of being active on the soil surface during sampling) was positively related to relative humidity. The probability of occurrence of Shasta salamanders in our study area was low, and our winter-to-spring survey protocol was effective for estimating detection, availability, and occurrence probabilities in the study area and at specific sites. We suggest that conducting replicate surveys that quantify animal availability and detection probabilities will facilitate a better understanding of the habitat associations of Shasta salamanders and other rare species that might often be unavailable for detection.
Flood-frequency curves, critical for water infrastructure design, are typically developed based on a stationary climate assumption. However, climate changes are expected to violate this assumption. Here, we propose a new, climate-informed methodology for estimating flood-frequency curves under non-stationary future climate conditions. The methodology develops an asynchronous, semiparametric local-likelihood regression (ASLLR) model that relates moments of annual maximum flood to climate variables using the generalized linear model. We estimate the first two marginal moments (MM) – the mean and variance – of the underlying log-Pearson Type-3 distribution from the ASLLR with the monthly rainfall and temperature as predictors. The proposed methodology, ASLLR-MM, is applied to 40 U.S. Geological Survey streamgages covering 18 water resources regions across the conterminous United States. A correction based on the aridity index was applied on the estimated variance, after which the ASLLR-MM approach was evaluated with both historical (1951–2005) and projected (2006–2035, under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) monthly precipitation and temperature from eight Global Circulation Models (GCMs) consisting of 39 ensemble members. The estimated flood-frequency quantiles resulting from the ASLLR-MM and GCM members compare well with the flood-frequency quantiles estimated using the historical period of observed climate and flood information for humid basins, whereas the uncertainty in model estimates is higher in arid basins. Considering additional atmospheric and land-surface conditions and a multi-level model structure that includes other basins in a region could further improve the model performance in arid basins.
The U.S. Geological Survey Benchmark Glacier Project combines decades of direct glaciological data with remote sensing data to advance the quantitative understanding of glacier-climate interactions. The global loss of glaciers, and consequent implications for water resources, sea level rise, and ecosystem function underscores the importance of U.S. Geological Survey glaciology research to facilitate adaptive strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20223050","usgsCitation":"Florentine, C., and McKeon, L.A., 2022, U.S. Geological Survey Benchmark Glacier Project: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2022-3050, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20223050.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-135923","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":404997,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20223050/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"FS 2022-3050"},{"id":404895,"rank":5,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://www.usgs.gov/programs/climate-research-and-development-program/science/glaciers-and-climate-project#data","text":"Glaciers and Climate Project"},{"id":404894,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2022/3050/images"},{"id":404893,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2022/3050/fs20223050.xml"},{"id":404892,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2022/3050/fs20223050.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.08 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2022-3050"},{"id":404891,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2022/3050/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.54150390625,\n 48.16608541901253\n ],\n [\n -120.12451171875,\n 48.16608541901253\n ],\n [\n -120.12451171875,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -122.54150390625,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -122.54150390625,\n 48.16608541901253\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.89501953124999,\n 47.945786463687185\n ],\n [\n -113.13720703125,\n 47.945786463687185\n ],\n [\n -113.13720703125,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -114.89501953124999,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -114.89501953124999,\n 47.945786463687185\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -134.5166015625,\n 58.286395482881034\n ],\n [\n -132.0556640625,\n 58.286395482881034\n ],\n [\n -132.0556640625,\n 59.64554025144323\n ],\n [\n -134.5166015625,\n 59.64554025144323\n ],\n [\n -134.5166015625,\n 58.286395482881034\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150.35888671875,\n 60.4788788301667\n ],\n [\n -147.65625,\n 60.4788788301667\n ],\n [\n -147.65625,\n 62.01121819833755\n ],\n [\n -150.35888671875,\n 62.01121819833755\n ],\n [\n -150.35888671875,\n 60.4788788301667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -144.66796875,\n 63.03503931552975\n ],\n [\n -141.15234374999997,\n 63.03503931552975\n ],\n [\n -141.15234374999997,\n 64.47279382008166\n ],\n [\n -144.66796875,\n 64.47279382008166\n ],\n [\n -144.66796875,\n 63.03503931552975\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2327 University Way, Suite 2
Bozeman, MT 59715
Early detection of dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. rostriformis bugensis) is crucial to mitigating the economic and environmental impacts of an infestation. Plankton tow sampling is a common method used for early detection of dreissenid mussels, but little is known about the sampling intensity required for a high probability of early detection using the method. We used implicit dynamic occupancy models to estimate plankton tow detection probabilities of dreissenid mussels from a long-term data set containing plankton tow samples collected across central and western United States. We fit models using a) the entire data set, including water bodies with unknown occupancy status in addition to heavily infested water bodies, b) a data subset that included water bodies with paired water temperature data, and c) a data subset that included water bodies with lower dreissenid densities. For the entire data set, we found that estimated detection probabilities varied by water body size and ranged from approximately 0.10 to 0.86. For the water temperature subset, we observed the same pattern between detection probability and water body size as we did for the full data but additionally found that the estimated detection probabilities were much higher when water temperatures were above 12 °C. For the lower dreissenid density subset, we found that the estimated probability of detecting dreissenid mussels with a single aggregated plankton tow sample was near zero. Given these estimates, we conclude that the number of aggregated plankton tow samples taken per water body in the data is far fewer than the number needed to ensure a high probability of detecting dreissenid mussels, especially if they are at low densities. We summarize the analyses with a discussion of plankton tow sampling protocol changes needed to improve estimates of dreissenid detection probabilities.
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