The San Juan Islands of Washington State form a geologically complex province located between the north Cascades, Vancouver Island, and the Olympic Peninsula. We have obtained 53 fission-track dates from the San Juan Islands province that help constrain its late Paleozoic to early Cenozoic tectonic and sedimentary history and its relationship to neighboring geologic terranes. The San Juan Islands can be divided into two main blocks separated by the Haro fault. South of the Haro fault, complexly deformed, metamorphosed, and probably exotic early Paleozoic to early Late Cretaceous rocks form four imbricate thrust plates separated by south- and east-dipping late Early to Late Cretaceous thrust faults. Reset zircon fission-track dates indicate that thrusting may have produced an upside-down geothermal gradient in the uppermost plate, the Decatur terrane. If present, this gradient was probably produced by conductive or frictional heating associated with a now-eroded overlying thrust fault and hot thrust plate. Cretaceous thrusting in the southern San Juan Islands was accompanied by uplift and resetting of apatite fission-track dates. In contrast to correlative rocks of the southern San Juan Islands, Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous rocks in and north of the Haro fault zone are essentially unmetamorphosed and only broadly folded. Apatite dates from the Upper Triassic Haro Formation and the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous Spieden Group indicate they did not participate in Late Cretaceous uplift of the southern San Juan Islands. Together with their basement (the Wrangellia terrane?), these rocks probably acted as a backstop to thrusting. The synorogenic Late Cretaceous Nanaimo basin formed north of the Haro fault in front of the advancing San Juan Islands thrust system. The age of Nanaimo deposition matches uplift (apatite) dates in the southern San Juan Islands, and detrital zircons from the Nanaimo Group yield dates consistent with southern San Juan Islands sources. Burial led to resetting of apatite dates in what is probably the deeper part of the Nanaimo basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/e86-127","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Johnson, S.Y., Zimmerman, R., Naeser, C.W., and Whetten, J.T., 1986, Fission-track dating of the tectonic development of the San Juan Islands, Washington: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 23, no. 9, p. 1318-1330, https://doi.org/10.1139/e86-127.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1318","endPage":"1330","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226103,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.03986234478636,\n 48.45420372262035\n ],\n [\n -123.01192042689229,\n 48.45190377164579\n ],\n [\n -122.97627039371784,\n 48.450625656554564\n ],\n 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]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a10c4e4b0c8380cd53dcd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, S. Y.","contributorId":48572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmerman, R.A.","contributorId":64304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naeser, C. W.","contributorId":17582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"C.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whetten, J. T.","contributorId":26015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whetten","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70014493,"text":"70014493 - 1986 - Coincidence and spatial variability of geology, soils, and vegetation, Mill Run watershed, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T11:12:19","indexId":"70014493","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coincidence and spatial variability of geology, soils, and vegetation, Mill Run watershed, Virginia","docAbstract":"The Mill Run watershed is a structurally‐controlled synclinal basin on the eastern limb of the Massanutten Mountain complex of northwestern Virginia. Bedrock contacts are obscured by coarse sandstone debris from exposures near basin divides. Colluvium blankets more than half the basin, masking geomorphic surfaces, affecting vegetation patterns, and contributing to the convexity of the alluvial, terrace, pediment and erosion surfaces. Examination of the bedrock geology, geomorphology, soils and vegetation shows distinct distributional correspondences. Vegetation is strongly interdependent with geomorphology, bedrock geology, and soils. On convex colluvial slopes, mixed hardwood forests are most common. In concave coves and deep gorges, mixed hardwoods are replaced by conifers. In thin colluvium, in poorly developed soils, and on blockfields, chestnut oak is singularly prevalent. Conifers dominate shaley bedrock areas. Soils and surficial sediments have a major effect on near‐surface hydrology. During wet seasons, cemented horizons in the subsurface cause temporary saturation in the superjacent horizons; lateral movement of soil‐water effectively eliminates a vertical component of ground‐water recharge. Vegetation is strongly dependent on water availability and thus reflects the distribution of subsurface barriers and sediment‐soil fades changes.
Water levels in 52 wells near the Manorville scavenger-waste disposal facility in the Town of Brookhaven were measured in November 1983 to determine the direction and gradients of groundwater flow in the upper glacial aquifer. Groundwater moves south-southeastward (S22 degrees E) from the groundwater divide, about 6 miles north of the facility, to discharge points near East Moriches and beneath Moriches Bay. The hydraulic gradient beneath the disposal facility is 6.5 ft/mi (0.0012 foot/foot), and the rate of horizontal flow is 0.9 to 1.7 ft/day. Vertical movement of groundwater since closure of the disposal facility in 1982 is probably negligible because the vertical gradients are small and the upper glacial aquifer is anisotropic. During operation of the facility, however, groundwater mounding may have developed beneath the unlined settling basins, which could have induced downward movement of water in the upper glacial aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854035","usgsCitation":"Eckhardt, D., and Wexler, E.J., 1986, Ground-water movement in the upper glacial aquifer in the Manorville area, Town of Brookhaven, Long Island, New York, in November 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4035, Report: iv, 12 p.; 2 Plates: 18.18 x 25.03 inches and 19.94 x 26.44 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854035.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 12 p.; 2 Plates: 18.18 x 25.03 inches and 19.94 x 26.44 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124162,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4035/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55816,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4035/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55814,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4035/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55815,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4035/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415602,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49200.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Brookhaven, Long Island, Manorville area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.8431,\n 40.875\n ],\n [\n -72.8431,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -72.7206,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -72.7206,\n 40.875\n ],\n [\n -72.8431,\n 40.875\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66744a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eckhardt, D. A.","contributorId":99591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckhardt","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wexler, E. J.","contributorId":104931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wexler","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015055,"text":"70015055 - 1986 - Geochemical investigations of selected Eastern United States watersheds affected by acid deposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-20T06:42:20","indexId":"70015055","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2545,"text":"Journal of the Geological Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical investigations of selected Eastern United States watersheds affected by acid deposition","docAbstract":"The effects of acid deposition on surface waters in eastern United States watersheds having similar size, physiography, climate and land use are related to the composition of the underlying bedrock. Watersheds developed on greenstone, calcareous shale, sandstone, granite, and schist differ in their ability to neutralize acid deposition. Surface waters in watersheds developed on greenstone and calcareous shale are not discernably affected by acidification. Wastersheds developed on sand-stone have little capacity to neutralize acid rain; consequently, stream acidity is similar to that of precipitation. Watersheds developed on granite and schist are intermediate in their capacity to neutralize acid deposition. Bedrock composition appears to be the major property controlling surface-water chemistry in these systems; hydrologic flow paths and the nature of surficial materials and vegetation also influence chemical responses to acid deposition in watersheds.
The remanent magnetization of volcanic rocks has been determined at 650 sites in the San Francisco volcanic field in the southern part of the Colorado Plateau. The polarity of remanent magnetization—combined with K-Ar age determinations, spatial and petrographic associations, stratigraphic relations, and state of preservation of the cinder cones—provides a basis for assignment to known magnetic polarity epochs of 610 mafic vents and >100 intermediate to silicic flows, flow sequences, and vents. The age assignments for basaltic rocks include 243 Brunhes (<0.73 Ma) vents, 220 Matuyama (0.73 to 2.48 Ma) vents, and 147 pre-Matuyama (2.48 to about 5.0 Ma) vents. Basaltic volcanism migrated northeastward before Matuyama time at a rate of ∼1.2 cm/yr and eastward (S87° ± 5°E) over the past 2.5 m.y. at a rate of 2.9 ± 0.3 cm/yr. Concomitant acceleration in total magma production (from 75 to 1,400 × 10−6 km3/yr) and frequency of basaltic eruptions (from 1 per 17,000 yr to 1 per 3,000 yr) occurred between 5 and 0.25 Ma. For the past 0.25 m.y., magma production (∼180 × 10−6 km3/yr) and perhaps eruption frequency have decreased. This evolutionary sequence, coupled with the lead and strontium-isotopic composition of the rocks, can be explained by magmatism caused by shear heating at the base of the lithosphere. We propose that this eastward drift of volcanic activity represents absolute westward motion of the North American plate. Our model is in agreement with a model in which the African plate is fixed to the deep mantle.
Organic free radical spin concentrations were measured in 60 raw oil shale samples from north Alabama and south Tennessee and compared with Fischer assays and uranium concentrations. No correlation was found between spin concentration and oil yield for the complete set of samples. However, for a 13 sample set taken from a single core hole, a linear correlation was obtained. No correlation between spin concentration and uranium concentration was found.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-2361(86)90220-6","issn":"00162361","usgsCitation":"Choudhury, M., Rheams, K., and Harrell, J., 1986, Correlation between electron spin resonance spectra and oil yield in eastern oil shales: Fuel, v. 65, no. 7, p. 1028-1029, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(86)90220-6.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1028","endPage":"1029","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223617,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.37456993153201,\n 32.702206801472116\n ],\n [\n -85.09985055454013,\n 32.72901501471566\n ],\n [\n -85.17534790477956,\n 32.89557581242053\n ],\n [\n -85.59058333109745,\n 34.97029118279818\n ],\n [\n -84.34487705214198,\n 34.97029118279818\n ],\n [\n -84.25050536434185,\n 35.070762130165775\n ],\n [\n -84.21275668922213,\n 35.2096717734008\n ],\n [\n -83.99572361762525,\n 35.2328003257619\n ],\n [\n -83.93910060494541,\n 35.40220816157148\n ],\n [\n -83.78810590446602,\n 35.4944627495977\n ],\n [\n -83.61823686642647,\n 35.525190770999345\n ],\n [\n -83.42949349082738,\n 35.548229068990395\n ],\n [\n -83.14637842742813,\n 35.70164852061998\n ],\n [\n -83.00482089572853,\n 35.73229707040622\n ],\n [\n -82.89157487036881,\n 35.87771660147956\n ],\n [\n -89.75239657340731,\n 35.92835190767221\n ],\n [\n -90.22425501240622,\n 35.43008027793503\n ],\n [\n -90.15819483094602,\n 35.18363664727461\n ],\n [\n -90.32806386898555,\n 35.0601335957857\n ],\n [\n -90.31862670020577,\n 34.975116694400214\n ],\n [\n -88.20470089349247,\n 34.99058088648353\n ],\n [\n -88.11032920569289,\n 34.85129807260124\n ],\n [\n -88.37456993153201,\n 32.702206801472116\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"65","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc29e4b0c8380cd4e15a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Choudhury, M.","contributorId":6592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choudhury","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rheams, K.F.","contributorId":72063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rheams","given":"K.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrell, J.W. Jr.","contributorId":42360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrell","given":"J.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014705,"text":"70014705 - 1986 - Influences of quaternary climatic changes on processes of soil development on desert loess deposits of the Cima volcanic field, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-06T18:19:50.463591","indexId":"70014705","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1198,"text":"Catena","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influences of quaternary climatic changes on processes of soil development on desert loess deposits of the Cima volcanic field, California","docAbstract":"Soils formed in loess are evidence of both relict and buried landscapes developed on Pliocene-to-latest Pleistocene basalt flows of the Cima volcanic field in the eastern Mojave Desert, California. The characteristics of these soils change systematically and as functions of the age and surface morphology of the lava flow. Four distinct phases of soil development are recognized: phase 1 - weakly developed soils on flows less than 0.18 M.y. old; phase 2 - strongly developed soils with thick argillic horizons on 0.18 - 0.7 M.y. old flows; phase 3 - strongly developed soils with truncated argillic horizons massively impregnated by carbonate on 0.7 to 1.1 M.y. old flows; and phase 4 - degraded soils with petrocalcic rubble on Pliocene flows. A critical aspect of the development of stage 1 soils is the evolution of a vesicular A horizon which profoundly affects the infiltration characteristics of the loess parent materials. Laboratory studies show that secondary gypsum and possibly other salt accumulation probably occurred during the period of phase 1 soil development. Slight reddening of the interiors of peds from vesicular-A horizons of phase 1 soils and presence of weakly developed B horizons indicates a slight degree of in situ chemical alteration. However, clay and Fe oxide contents of these soils show that these constituents, as well as carbonates and soluble salts, are incorporated as eolian dust. In contrast to phase 1 soils, chemical and mineralogical analysis of argillic horizons of phase 2 soils indicate proportionally greater degrees of in-situ chemical alteration. These data, the abundant clay films, and the strong reddening in the thick argillic horizons suggest that phase 2 and phase 3 soils formed during long periods of time and periodically were subjected to leaching regimes more intense than those that now exist. Flow-age data and soil-stratigraphic evidence also indicate that several major loess-deposition events occurred during the past ??? 1.0 M.y. Loess events are attributed to past changes in climate, such as the Pleistocene-to-Holocene climatic change, that periodically caused regional desiccation of pluvial lakes, reduction of vegetational density, and exposure of loose, unconsolidated fine materials. During times of warmer interglacial climates, precipitation infiltrates to shallower depths than during glacial periods. Extensive, saline playas which developed in the Mojave Desert during the Holocene are a likely source of much of the carbonates and soluble salts that are accumulating at shallow depths both in phase 1 soils and in the formerly noncalcareous, nongypsiferous argillic horizons of phase 2 and 3 soils. ?? 1986.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0341-8162(86)90010-X","usgsCitation":"McFadden, L.D., Wells, S.G., and Dohrenwend, J.C., 1986, Influences of quaternary climatic changes on processes of soil development on desert loess deposits of the Cima volcanic field, California: Catena, v. 13, no. 4, p. 361-389, https://doi.org/10.1016/0341-8162(86)90010-X.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"389","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225590,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cima volcanic field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.64751527404586,\n 35.30875004490268\n ],\n [\n -115.9171217596971,\n 35.30875004490268\n ],\n [\n -115.9171217596971,\n 35.13851834089037\n ],\n [\n -115.64751527404586,\n 35.13851834089037\n ],\n [\n -115.64751527404586,\n 35.30875004490268\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ba4e4b0c8380cd62710","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McFadden, L. D.","contributorId":15765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McFadden","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, S. G.","contributorId":81257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wells","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dohrenwend, J. C.","contributorId":40960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dohrenwend","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015672,"text":"70015672 - 1986 - Effects of the 1906 Earthquake on the Bald Hill Outlet System, San Mateo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-03T00:44:22.006388","indexId":"70015672","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1115,"text":"Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of the 1906 Earthquake on the Bald Hill Outlet System, San Mateo County, California","docAbstract":"Following the earthquake of April 18, 1906, it was discovered that a brick forebay and other parts of the reservoir outlet system were in the slip zone of the San Andreas fault. The original outlet through which water was directed to San Francisco consisted of two tunnels joined at the brick forebay; one tunnel extends 2,820 ft to the east under Bald Hill on Buri Buri Ridge, and the other tunnel intersects the lake bottom about 250 ft west of the forebay. In 1897 a second intake was added to the system, also joining the original forebay. During the present study the accessible parts of this original outlet system were examined with the hope of learning how the system had been affected by fault slip in 1906.","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Engineering Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gseegeosci.xxiii.2.197","issn":"00045691","usgsCitation":"Pampeyan, E.H., 1986, Effects of the 1906 Earthquake on the Bald Hill Outlet System, San Mateo County, California: Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists, v. 23, no. 2, p. 197-208, https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.xxiii.2.197.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223618,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Mateo 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Mateo\",\"state\":\"CA\"}}]}","volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a045be4b0c8380cd50928","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pampeyan, Earl H.","contributorId":54698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pampeyan","given":"Earl","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014660,"text":"70014660 - 1986 - Structure of the North American Atlantic Continental Margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-07T16:32:06.716782","indexId":"70014660","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2307,"text":"Journal of Geological Education","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure of the North American Atlantic Continental Margin","docAbstract":"The use of multichannel seismic-reflection profiles to study oceanic areas has advanced our understanding of deep crustal structure and the history of its development. Off eastern North America, where the structure of the continental margin is essentially constructional, seismic profiles have approximated geologic cross sections up to 10–15 km below the sea floor and revealed major structural and stratigraphic features that have regional hydrocarbon potential. These features include (a) a block-faulted basement hinge zone; (b) a deep, broad, rifted basement filled with clastic sediment and salt; and (c) a buried paleoshelf-edge complex that has many forms. The mapping of seismo-stratigraphic units over the continental shelf, slope, and rise has shown that the margin's developmental state included infilling of a rifted margin, buildup of a carbonate platform, and construction of an onlapping continental-rise wedge that was accompanied by eroison of the slope.
Correlation of seismic stratigraphy with well-log biostratigraphy reveals that the area experienced a gradual rise in sea level during the Mesozoic and an episodic sea-level fall during the Cenozoic. These long-term changes formed a subdued continental shelf-slope-rise transition in the early Tertiary and a steepened one in the Quaternary. Comparison of seismic and drill-hole data has also shown margin-wide unconformities similar to those shown by the Vail curve of coastal onlap and eustatic sea-level change, i.e., unconformities that provide markers to subdivide the sequences of reflections on the seismic-reflection profiles. Further, the termination of older key reflectors against oceanic basement gives us a corroborative check on the age of oceanic crust as determined from the magnetic anomalies produced by sea-floor-spreading.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.5408/0022-1368-34.2.72","issn":"00221368","usgsCitation":"Schlee, J.S., and Klitgord, K., 1986, Structure of the North American Atlantic Continental Margin: Journal of Geological Education, v. 34, no. 2, p. 72-89, https://doi.org/10.5408/0022-1368-34.2.72.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"89","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480141,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5408/0022-1368-34.2.72","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":225790,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9c5ee4b08c986b31d3c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schlee, J. S.","contributorId":68337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlee","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klitgord, K.K.","contributorId":41152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klitgord","given":"K.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014565,"text":"70014565 - 1986 - Deglaciation of the mountainous region of northwestern Montana, U.S.A., as indicated by late Pleistocene ashes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T16:52:44","indexId":"70014565","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":898,"text":"Arctic and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deglaciation of the mountainous region of northwestern Montana, U.S.A., as indicated by late Pleistocene ashes","docAbstract":"During the late Wisconsin glaciation, the mountainous regions of northwestern Montana were covered by glacial ice. Marias Pass, on the Continental Divide immediately south of Glacier National Park, was covered by a local ice field. This ice and that from other glaciers to the north and south flowed eastward onto the plains of Montana to form the Two Medicine Glacier, a large piedmont glacier that extended 55 km beyond the mountain front. The presence of the Glacier Peak G ash and the underlying St. Helens Jy ash in laminated lake sediments near Marias Pass indicates that in this region the Continental Divide was ice free before about 11,400 BP. Macrofossils, pollen, and spores in these same sediments indicate establishment of shrubs, herbs, and scattered conifers by that time. At Sun River Canyon, about 90 km south of Marias Pass, glaciers also flowed beyond the mountain front onto the plains to form the Sun River Glacier, another large piedmont glacier that extended beyond the mountain front for 25 km. The presence of the Glacier Peak G ash in a postglacial alluvial fan indicates that glacial ice had receded upvalley from the canyon mouth and that the Sun River Glacier no longer existed by 11,200 BP.
","language":"English","publisher":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","doi":"10.2307/1550889","usgsCitation":"Carrara, P., Short, S.K., and Wilcox, R., 1986, Deglaciation of the mountainous region of northwestern Montana, U.S.A., as indicated by late Pleistocene ashes: Arctic and Alpine Research, v. 18, no. 3, p. 317-325, https://doi.org/10.2307/1550889.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"325","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe53e4b0c8380cd4ec88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carrara, P. E.","contributorId":33727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carrara","given":"P. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Short, S. K.","contributorId":6596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilcox, R.E.","contributorId":107348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014897,"text":"70014897 - 1986 - EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE ON GROUND-WATER QUALITY, LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:28","indexId":"70014897","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE ON GROUND-WATER QUALITY, LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK.","docAbstract":"Artificial-recharge experiments were conducted at East Meadow in central Nassau County, Long Island, N. Y. , from October 1982 through January 1984, to evaluate the degree of ground-water mounding and chemical effects of artificially replenishing the ground-water system with tertiary-treated wastewater. Reclaimed water was provided by the Cedar Creek wastewater-treatment plant in Wantagh. Recharge with reclaimed water increased the concentration of sodium and chloride in ground water but lowered the concentrations of total nitrogen (nitrate plus nitrite) and some low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons. Reclaimed water was well within the New York State effluent standards for ground-water recharge. Specific-conductance measurements and Stiff diagrams of chemical analyses were used to help define the extent and shape of the plume formed by reclaimed water.","conferenceTitle":"Water Forum '86: World Water Issues in Evolution, Proceedings of the Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Long Beach, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872625451","usgsCitation":"Schneider, B.J., Ku, H.F., and Oaksford, E.T., 1986, EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE ON GROUND-WATER QUALITY, LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK., Water Forum '86: World Water Issues in Evolution, Proceedings of the Conference., Long Beach, CA, USA, p. 628-636.","startPage":"628","endPage":"636","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225283,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0458e4b0c8380cd5090d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schneider, Brian J.","contributorId":55580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ku, Henry F. H.","contributorId":11258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ku","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"F. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oaksford, Edward T.","contributorId":82693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oaksford","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014525,"text":"70014525 - 1986 - Precambrian basement geology of North and South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-25T18:24:46.222553","indexId":"70014525","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precambrian basement geology of North and South Dakota","docAbstract":"Combined analysis of drill-hole, gravity, and magnetic data indicates that the buried Precambrian basement rocks of the Dakotas can be divided into several lithotectonic terranes. Eastern North Dakota and northeastern South Dakota are underlain by Archean gneiss. Except for the Black Hills region of South Dakota, where Archean rocks are also exposed, the western third of both Dakotas is underlain mainly by Early Proterozoic gneiss and metasedimentary rocks. Part of this region is underlain by Archean crust with an Early Proterozoic tectonic overprint. A broad transition zone of strongly overprinted Archean crust occurs between the Proterozoic rocks to the west and the Archean rocks to the east. South central South Dakota is underlain by an Early Proterozoic batholith. Early Proterozoic felsic volcanic rocks occur in southeast South Dakota. The bootheel portion of South Dakota contains a diverse assemblage of basement rocks that are partly Archean in age.Churchill Province rocks of the Trans-Hudson foldbelt project into the western Dakotas. The Thompson nickel belt and the Pickwitonei gneiss belt correlate with the western and eastern halves, respectively, of the transition between Archean and Proterozoic crust, and the Archean Glennie – Hanson Lake microcontinent of the Churchill Province likely extends into western North Dakota. Archean rocks of Minnesota extend into the eastern Dakotas, and the Wyoming craton extends to the Black Hills region. The Cheyenne foldbelt projects into southwest South Dakota. The Penokean foldbelt of Michigan and Wisconsin does not extend into the Dakotas, but it most likely extends into northwest Iowa.Tectonic evolution of the Early Proterozoic terrane in the Dakotas was most likely similar to plate tectonic models for the evolution of the Trans-Hudson foldbelt in the Churchill Province. As in the Churchill Province, the western Dakotas are underlain by Early Proterozoic rocks, but it is not known whether these rocks formed as a result of rifting and subsequent closure of a once extensive Archean crust or as a result of collision of once widely separated blocks of Archean crust.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/e86-109","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Klasner, J.S., and King, E.R., 1986, Precambrian basement geology of North and South Dakota: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1083-1102, https://doi.org/10.1139/e86-109.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1083","endPage":"1102","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225779,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota, South 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Dakota\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"23","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a80eee4b0c8380cd7b2b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klasner, J. S.","contributorId":66228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klasner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, E. R.","contributorId":93482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014651,"text":"70014651 - 1986 - Oil-source correlation study in northeastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-17T15:25:57.223623","indexId":"70014651","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oil-source correlation study in northeastern Alaska","docAbstract":"The occurrence of numerous oil-stained outcrops across the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) in northeastern Alaska indicates that commercial hydrocarbons could be present in the subsurface of this region. In addition, this region is flanked by two important oil provinces—the Prudhoe Bay area to the west and the Mackenzie delta to the east. To begin to understand the petroleum resource potential of ANWR, we evaluated the source rock quality and thermal maturity of five rock units ranging in age from Triassic to early Tertiary: Shublik Formation, Kingak Shale, pebble shale unit, Hue Shale and Canning Shale. We also compared ANWR oils using stable carbon isotope ratios, tricyclic terpane ratios, and saturate/aromatic hydrocarbon ratios.
The organic carbon content of the five rock units range from an average of 1.6 to 4.0 wt%. Cretaceous rocks from the coastal plain are thermally immature (vitrinite reflectance <0.5%) and in the southern mountains thermally mature to overmature (vitrinite reflectance 1.0–1.8%). In general, type III organic matter predominates in the Kingak Shale, pebble shale unit, and Canning Shale, and types II and III in the Hue Shale.
ANWR oils are divided into three groups: (1) Jago oil type, includes oils from Angun Point, Katakturuk River and Jago River; (2) Manning oil type, from Manning Point near the coast of the Beaufort Sea; and (3) Kavik oil type, from Kavik west of the Canning River. None of the three oil types of ANWR compares favorably with the economically important oils from Prudhoe Bay and the National Petroleum Reserve of Alaska (NPRA). The most promising source rock for the otherd ANWR oil types could not be type II units of the Hue Shale. Possible source rocks for the other ANWR oil types could not be established.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0146-6380(86)90040-9","usgsCitation":"Anders, D., and Magoon, L.B., 1986, Oil-source correlation study in northeastern Alaska: Organic Geochemistry, v. 10, no. 1-3, p. 407-415, https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(86)90040-9.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"407","endPage":"415","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225651,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"northeastern Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.4106716044714,\n 70.64154661082958\n ],\n [\n -152.4106716044714,\n 69.12495942352916\n ],\n [\n -141.0384473873988,\n 69.12495942352916\n ],\n [\n -141.0384473873988,\n 70.64154661082958\n ],\n [\n -152.4106716044714,\n 70.64154661082958\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6d1be4b0c8380cd74f79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anders, D.E.","contributorId":28960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anders","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magoon, Leslie B. lmagoon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoon","given":"Leslie","email":"lmagoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":368913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":38487,"text":"pp1403B - 1986 - Hydrogeologic framework of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, Alabama, and South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T16:59:22.807123","indexId":"pp1403B","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1403","chapter":"B","title":"Hydrogeologic framework of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, Alabama, and South Carolina","docAbstract":"The Floridan aquifer system of the Southeastern United States is comprised of a thick sequence of carbonate rocks that are mostly of Paleocene to early Miocene age and that are hydraulically connected in varying degrees. The aquifer system consists of a single vertically continuous permeable unit updip and of two major permeable zones (the Upper and Lower Floridan aquifers) separated by one of seven middle confining units downdip. Neither the boundaries of the aquifer system or of its component high- and low-permeability zones necessarily conform to either formation boundaries or time-stratigraphic breaks. The rocks that make up the Floridan aquifer system, its upper and lower confining units, and a surficial aquifer have been separated into several chronostratigraphic units. The external and internal geometry of these stratigraphic units is presented on a series of structure contour and isopach maps and by a series of geohydrologic cross sections and a fence diagram. Paleocene through middle Eocene units consist of an updip clastic facies and a downdip carbonate bank facies, that extends progressively farther north and east in progressively younger units. Upper Eocene and Oligocene strata are predominantly carbonate rocks throughout the study area. Miocene and younger strata are mostly clastic rocks. Subsurface data show that some modifications in current stratigraphic nomenclature are necessary. First, the middle Eocene Lake City Limestone cannot be distinguished lithologically or faunally from the overlying middle Eocene Avon Park 'Limestone.' Accordingly, it is proposed that the term Lake City be abandoned and the term Avon Park Formation be applied to the entire middle Eocene carbonate section of peninsular Florida and southeastern Georgia. A reference well section in Levy County, Fla., is proposed for the expanded Avon Park Formation. The Avon Park is called a 'formation' more properly than a 'limestone' because the unit contains rock types other than limestone. Second, like the Avon Park, the lower Eocene Oldsmar and Paleocene Cedar Keys 'Limestones' of peninsular Florida practically everywhere contain rock types other than limestone. It is therefore proposed that these units be referred to more accurately as Oldsmar Formation and Cedar Keys Formation. The uppermost hydrologic unit in the study area is a surficial aquifer that can be divided into (1) a fluvial sand-and-gravel aquifer in southwestern Alabama and westernmost panhandle Florida, (2) limestone and sandy limestone of the Biscayne aquifer in southeastern peninsular Florida, and (3) a thin blanket of terrace and fluvial sands elsewhere. The surficial aquifer is underlain by a thick sequence of fine clastic rocks and low-permeability carbonate rocks, most of which are part of the middle Miocene Hawthorn Formation and all of which form the upper confining unit of the Floridan aquifer system. In places, the upper confining unit has been removed by erosion or is breached by sinkholes. Water in the Floridan aquifer system thus occurs under unconfined, semiconfined, or fully confined conditions, depending upon the presence, thickness, and integrity of the upper confining unit. Within the Floridan aquifer system, seven low permeability zones of subregional extent split the aquifer system in most places into an Upper and Lower Floridan aquifer. The Upper Floridan aquifer, which consists of all or parts of rocks of Oligocene age, late Eocene age, and the upper half of rocks of middle Eocene age, is highly permeable. The middle confining units that underlie the Upper Floridan are mostly of middle Eocene age but may be as young as Oligocene or as old as early Eocene. Where no middle confining unit exists, the entire aquifer system is comprised of permeable rocks and for hydrologic discussions is treated as the Upper Floridan aquifer.
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U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Published distributional records for the stipitate kelp Pleurophycus gardneri Setchell and Saunders 1900 (Phaeophyceae: Laminariaceae) indicae a geographic range from Montague Island (59°58’N, 147°22W), Alaska to Fort Bragg (39°27’N, 123°47’W), California (Druehl 1969, 1970; Kjeldsen 1972). P. gardneri is found primarily in rocky intertidal and shallow subtidal locations (Scagel 1967; Nicholson 1976). In California, populations of P. gardneri have been reported only from the lower rocky intertidal near Fort Bragg (Kjeldsen 1972).
On 7 and 8 July 1982 and 23 March 1984 we censused stipitate kelps during SCUBS dives at a site 2.3 km south southeast of Pt. Sierra Nevada (35°41’ N, 121°18’W). we counted kelps in 1 x 5-m plots along a 50-m tape laid across the bottom in an arbitrarily predetermined direction from the skiff anchor. We also measured water depth at 1-m intervals along the tape, using a SCUBA depth gauge. On 20 August 1982, we used the same tehniques to sample kelp densities at a site 2.4 km east southeast of Pt. Piedras Blancas (35°39’N, 121°15’W).
The most abundant kelps at the Pt. Sierra Nevada ste were Pterygophora californica Ruprect 1852 (Phaeophyceae: Alariaceae) and a species we tentatively identified as P. gardneri (Table 1). Based on specimens we collected on 8 July 1982, our field identification was subsequently confirmed by I. A. Abbot. Voucher specimens were placed in the Gilbert M. Smith Herbarium at Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California.
","language":"English","publisher":"Southern California Academy of Sciences","usgsCitation":"VanBlaricom, G., Reed, D., Harrold, C., and Bodkin, J.L., 1986, A sublittoral population of Pleurophycus gardneri Setchell and Saunders 1900 (Phaeophyceae: Laminariaceae) in central California: Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, v. 85, no. 2, p. 120-122.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"120","endPage":"122","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335155,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335154,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://scas.nhm.org/publications/","text":"Publisher's Website"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"85","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a030a3e4b099f50d3e04fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"VanBlaricom, Glenn R.","contributorId":39273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"Glenn R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Daniel C.","contributorId":8008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Daniel C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrold, Christopher","contributorId":52501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrold","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70180236,"text":"70180236 - 1985 - Sea cliff exposures of metamorphosed carbonate and schist, northern Seward Peninsula: A section in The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70180236,"text":"70180236 - 1985 - Sea cliff exposures of metamorphosed carbonate and schist, northern Seward Peninsula: A section in The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983","indexId":"70180236","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Sea cliff exposures of metamorphosed carbonate and schist, northern Seward Peninsula: A section in The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":4437,"text":"cir945 - 1985 - The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983","indexId":"cir945","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":4437,"text":"cir945 - 1985 - The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983","indexId":"cir945","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T21:26:33","indexId":"70180236","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"945","title":"Sea cliff exposures of metamorphosed carbonate and schist, northern Seward Peninsula: A section in The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983","docAbstract":"Extensive seacliff exposures of marble, metadolostone, and schist occur on the north shore of Seward Peninsula in the Kotzebue A-1 and A-2 Quadrangles (fig. 12). Some of the exposed units have no analogs when compared to rocks mapped to the south in the Bendeleben and Solomon Quadrangles. Others are similar to units exposed to the south, but they differ in metamorphic grade and minor, though significant, compositional characteristics. Carbonate rocks predominate from Ninemile Point westward; schists of varying composition occur with carbonate rocks to the east. The carbonate-dominated section is separated in the vicinity of Ninemile Point from the schist-dominated section by a major fault zone, thought to be the northern extension of the Kugruk fault zone of Sainsbury (1974).
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983 (Circular 945)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","doi":"10.3133/70180236","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., and Till, A.B., 1985, Sea cliff exposures of metamorphosed carbonate and schist, northern Seward Peninsula: A section in The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 945, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70180236.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334020,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1985/0945/report.pdf#page=30","text":"Start page in larger work"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Seward Peninsula","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5889c7bfe4b0ba3b075e0639","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Till, Alison B. atill@usgs.gov","contributorId":2482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Till","given":"Alison","email":"atill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70180233,"text":"70180233 - 1985 - Preliminary description of a Miocene zone of structural complexity, Port Moller and Stepovak Bay quadrangles, Alaska: A section in The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70180233,"text":"70180233 - 1985 - Preliminary description of a Miocene zone of structural complexity, Port Moller and Stepovak Bay quadrangles, Alaska: A section in The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983","indexId":"70180233","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary description of a Miocene zone of structural complexity, Port Moller and Stepovak Bay quadrangles, Alaska: A section in The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":4437,"text":"cir945 - 1985 - The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983","indexId":"cir945","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":4437,"text":"cir945 - 1985 - The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983","indexId":"cir945","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-19T18:13:51","indexId":"70180233","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"945","title":"Preliminary description of a Miocene zone of structural complexity, Port Moller and Stepovak Bay quadrangles, Alaska: A section in The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983","docAbstract":"A zone of structural disruption and complexity along the Pacific coast margin of the Alaska Peninsula (fig. 41) may be related to the Alaska Peninsula and the Chugach terrane boundary. The best exposure of this zone is located on the east shore of Humpback Bay (figs. 42, 43; also Burk, 1965, pl. 8, fig. 4); other exposures are located on the east side of Ivanof Bay, the north and south sides of Lefthand Bay, and in other coastal localities in the area. In some places, such as on the Kupreanof Peninsula, it is not recognized. This zone may extend discontinuously for 110-160 km along the coast; the width of the zone varies from 0.5 to 1 km. Our current data and tentative interpretations are described here, pending completion of additional field research, laboratory, and office studies.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983 (Circular 945)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","doi":"10.3133/70180233","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., Case, J.E., and Detterman, R.L., 1985, Preliminary description of a Miocene zone of structural complexity, Port Moller and Stepovak Bay quadrangles, Alaska: A section in The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 945, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70180233.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"56","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334006,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1985/0945/report.pdf#page=67","text":"Start page in larger work"},{"id":334007,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Port Moller quadrangle, Stepovak Bay quadrangle","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5889c7bfe4b0ba3b075e063b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Case, James E.","contributorId":68702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Case","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Detterman, Robert L.","contributorId":71526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Detterman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70178908,"text":"70178908 - 1985 - Seepage study of six canals in Salt Lake County, Utah, 1982-1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-12T11:15:30","indexId":"70178908","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"82","title":"Seepage study of six canals in Salt Lake County, Utah, 1982-1983","docAbstract":"A study of selected reaches of the Utah and Salt Lake, Utah Lake Distributing, Provo Reservoir, Draper Irrigation, East Jordan, and Jordan and Salt Lake City Canals in Salt Lake County, Utah, was made to determine gains or losses of flow in those reaches. Three to five sets of seepage measurements were made on each canal during 1982 or 1983. Adjustments for fluctuations in flow were made from information obtained from water-stage recorders operated at selected locations during the time of each seepage run.
The study showed an overall net loss of about 9.5 cubic feet per second in the Utah and Salt Lake Canal, 11.0 cubic feet per second in the Utah Lake Distributing canal, 20.5 cubic feet per second in the Provo Reservoir canal, 1.5 cubic feet per second in the Draper Irrigation Canal, and 4.0 cubic feet per second in the East Jordan canal. It also showed a net gain of about 6.0 cubic feet per second in the Jordan and Salt Lake City Canal. The gains and losses are attributed primarily to the relation of the canals to the depth of the water table near the canals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Herbert, L.R., Cruff, R., and Waddell, K., 1985, Seepage study of six canals in Salt Lake County, Utah, 1982-1983: Technical Publication 82, iv, 95 p.","productDescription":"iv, 95 p","numberOfPages":"102","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331893,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":331891,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-6-120"},{"id":331892,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v920/w920/w92000a7.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Salt Lake 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R.","contributorId":39865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herbert","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cruff, R.W.","contributorId":77510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cruff","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waddell, K.M.","contributorId":59009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222072,"text":"5222072 - 1985 - Metal contamination in wildlife living near two zinc smelters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-02T10:59:43.443881","indexId":"5222072","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1556,"text":"Environmental Pollution (Series A)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metal contamination in wildlife living near two zinc smelters","docAbstract":"Wildlife in an oak forest on Blue Mountain was studied 10 km upwind (Bake Oven Knob site) and 2 km downwind (Palmerton site) of two zinc smelters in eastern Pennsylvania, USA. Previous studies at sites near these smelters had shown changes in populations of soil microflora, lichens, green plants and litter-inhabiting arthropods. The 02 soil litter horizon at Palmerton was heavily contaminated with Pb (2700 mg kg−1), Zn (24 000 mg kg−1), and Cd (710 mg kg−1), and to a lesser extent with Cu (440 mg kg−1). Various kinds of invertebrates (earthworms, slugs and millipedes) that feed on soil litter or soil organic matter were rare at, or absent from, the Palmerton site. Those collected at Bake Oven Knob tended to have much higher concentrations of metals than did other invertebrates. Frogs, toads and salamanders were very rare at, or absent from, the Palmerton site, but were present at Bake Oven Knob and at other sites on Blue Mountain farther from the smelters. Metal concentrations (dry wt) in different organisms from Palmerton were compared. Concentrations of Pb were highest in shrews (110 mg kg−1), followed by songbirds (56 mg kg−1), leaves (21 mg kg−1), mice (17 mg kg−1), carrion insects (14 mg kg−1), berries (4·0 mg kg−1), moths (4·3 mg kg−1) and fungi (3·7 mg kg−1). Concentrations of Cd, in contrast, were highest in carrion insects (25 mg kg−1), followed by fungi (9·8 mg kg−1), leaves (8·1 mg kg−1), shrews (7·3 mg kg−1), moths (4·9 mg kg−1), mice (2·6 mg kg−1), songbirds (2·5 mg kg−1) and berries (1·2 mg kg−1).
Concentrations of Zn and Cu tended to be highest in the same organisms that had the highest concentrations of Cd. Only a small proportion of the metals in the soil became incorporated into plant foliage, and much of the metal contamination detected in the biota probably came from aerial deposition. The mice from both sites seemed to be healthy. Shrews had higher concentrations of metals than did mice, and one shrew showed evidence of Pb poisoning; its red blood cell ALAD activity was greatly reduced, one kidney contained acid-fast intranuclear inclusion bodies, and the other kidney had 280 mg kg−1 Pb (wet wt). The livers from two cuckoos from Palmerton had elevated Pb concentrations (18 and 25 mg kg−1, wet wt). Most of the songbirds seemed to be healthy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(85)90094-7","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W., Pattee, O.H., Sileo, L., Hoffman, D.J., and Mulhern, B., 1985, Metal contamination in wildlife living near two zinc smelters: Environmental Pollution (Series A), v. 38, no. 1, p. 63-86, https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-1471(85)90094-7.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"86","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198096,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Bake Oven Knob, Blue Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.78720868224616,\n 40.700636729321474\n ],\n [\n -75.77438869190075,\n 40.70682137615654\n ],\n [\n -75.75574143321599,\n 40.716318108447666\n ],\n [\n -75.73534599402986,\n 40.724267819364314\n ],\n [\n -75.72485691101944,\n 40.73486595700689\n ],\n [\n -75.69892556691127,\n 40.737956762527716\n ],\n [\n -75.67969558139289,\n 40.7470075812013\n ],\n [\n -75.66833240813207,\n 40.75649858000574\n ],\n [\n -75.64560606161044,\n 40.76687091272373\n ],\n [\n -75.61384744916288,\n 40.775697154940076\n ],\n [\n -75.60481518323756,\n 40.783639770481955\n ],\n [\n -75.60831154424089,\n 40.796875352513666\n ],\n [\n -75.62754152975982,\n 40.79797819859462\n ],\n [\n -75.65492969095253,\n 40.790919667081596\n ],\n [\n -75.66745831788111,\n 40.792243198903265\n ],\n [\n -75.70766646941978,\n 40.78275730454371\n ],\n [\n -75.73534599402986,\n 40.76709158306798\n ],\n [\n -75.76448233572451,\n 40.75053927390272\n ],\n [\n -75.78487777491063,\n 40.746566106425604\n ],\n [\n -75.81255729952069,\n 40.73265815086202\n ],\n [\n -75.82333774594738,\n 40.71653894657126\n ],\n [\n -75.82683410695122,\n 40.70947176328093\n ],\n [\n -75.81826068013379,\n 40.69375877677078\n ],\n [\n -75.78720868224616,\n 40.700636729321474\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625903","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. 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J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mulhern, B.M.","contributorId":98683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulhern","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70013110,"text":"70013110 - 1985 - Accretion tectonics and crustal structure in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-25T16:55:09.329596","indexId":"70013110","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accretion tectonics and crustal structure in Alaska","docAbstract":"The entire width of the North American Cordillera in Alaska is made up of \"suspect terranes\". Pre-Late Cretaceous paleogeography is poorly constrained and the ultimate origins of the many fragments which make up the state are unclear. The Prince William and Chugach terranes accreted since Late Cretaceous time and represent the collapse of much of the northeast Pacific Ocean swept into what today is southern Alaska. Greater Wrangellia, a composite terrane now dispersed into fragments scattered from Idaho to southern Alaska, apparently accreted into Alaska in Late Cretaceous time crushing an enormous deep-marine flysch basin on its inboard side. Most of interior eastern Alaska is the Yukon Tanana terrane, a very large entirely fault-bounded metamorphic-plutonic assemblage covering thousands of square kilometers in Canada as well as Alaska. The original stratigraphy and relationship to North America of the Yukon-Tanana terrane are both obscure. A collapsed Mesozoic flysch basin, similar to the one inboard of Wrangellia, lies along the northern margin. Much of Arctic Alaska was apparently a vast expanse of upper Paleozoic to Early Mesozoic deep marine sediments and mafic volcanic and plutonic rocks now scattered widely as large telescoped sheets and Klippen thrust over the Ruby geanticline and the Brooks Range, and probably underlying the Yukon-Koyukuk basin and the Yukon flats. The Brooks Range itself is a stack of north vergent nappes, the telescoping of which began in Early Cretaceous time. Despite compelling evidence for thousands of kilometers of relative displacement between the accreted terranes, and large amounts of telescoping, translation, and rotation since accretion, the resulting new continental crust added to North America in Alaska carries few obvious signatures that allow application of currently popular simple plate tectonic models. Intraplate telescoping and strike-slip translations, delamination at mid-crustal levels, and large-scale lithospheric wedging were important processes in northern Cordilleran tectonic evolution.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(85)90042-3","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Coney, P., and Jones, D.L., 1985, Accretion tectonics and crustal structure in Alaska: Tectonophysics, v. 119, no. 1-4, p. 265-283, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(85)90042-3.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"265","endPage":"283","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220013,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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L.","contributorId":65045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012687,"text":"70012687 - 1985 - Quaternary sedimentation of the Alaskan Beaufort shelf: Influence of regional tectonics, fluctuating sea levels, and glacial sediment sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-26T16:42:35.227148","indexId":"70012687","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quaternary sedimentation of the Alaskan Beaufort shelf: Influence of regional tectonics, fluctuating sea levels, and glacial sediment sources","docAbstract":"The offshore stratigraphy of the Quaternary Gubik Formation of Arctic Alaska has been studied on high-resolution seismic profiles with a maximum sub-seafloor penetration of about 100 m. In general, marine transgressive subunits of the Gubik Formation are wedge-shaped on the shelf, thickening slightly seaward to the shelf break, beyond which they are offset by landslides and slumps. Beneath the eastern third of the Alaskan Beaufort shelf, active folding has created two persistent structural depressions, the Eastern and Western Wedge Terranes, in which the wedge morphology is especially well developed. The youngest transgressive marine wedge, which was deposited in such a way as to fill these depressions, leaving a generally flat present-day shelf surface, is inferred to be late Wisconsin or younger in age because it overlies a prominent disconformity interpreted to have been formed during the late Wisconsin glacial sea-level minimum. The thickness of this youngest wedge, Unit A, locally exceeds 40 m on the outer shelf, yet apparently relict gravel deposits collected from its seabed surface indicate that the depositional rate is presently quite low on the middle and outer shelf. Lithologies of the gravels are exotic to Alaska, but similar to suites exposed in the Canadian Arctic Islands. These observations suggest a depositional scenario in which the retreating Laurentide Ice Sheet shed sediment-laden icebergs from the Canadian Arctic Islands into the Arctic Ocean following the late Wisconsin glacial maximum. These bergs were then rafted westward by the Beaufort Gyre and grounded on the Alaskan shelf by northeasterly prevailing winds. Especially large numbers of bergs accumulated in the wedge terrane embayments-created as sea level rose-and melted there, filling the embayments with their sedimentary cargo. As glacial retreat slowed, depositional rates on the shelf dwindled.
This mode of deposition in the Alaskan Beaufort wedge terranes may be typical of early post-glacial transgressive phases throughout Quaternary time. It has resulted in the preservation of disconformities that apparently formed during glacioeustatic lowstands, and whose seaward termination depths, appropriately corrected, may yield estimates of lowstand magnitudes. Knowledge of global sea-level fluctuations back through the Sangamon Interglacial (oxygen isotope stage 5e) and possible correlations with dated onshore deposits have facilitated a tentative correlation of major disconformities in the Beaufort Sea record with major 18O enrichment maxima in the oxygen isotope curve back through stage 8. In this tentative scheme, close similarities between the two data sets occur both in magnitudes and in numbers of fluctuations intervening between major correlation points. Further testing of the Quaternary depositional model suggested here and of the resulting sea level curve awaits the collection and dating of core samples from the Beaufort wedge terranes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(85)90010-1","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Dinter, D.A., 1985, Quaternary sedimentation of the Alaskan Beaufort shelf: Influence of regional tectonics, fluctuating sea levels, and glacial sediment sources: Tectonophysics, v. 114, no. 1-4, p. 133-161, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(85)90010-1.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"161","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222492,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -161.46539412646445,\n 71.61325942564287\n ],\n [\n -161.46539412646445,\n 69.23521971003117\n ],\n [\n -140.92461926584397,\n 69.23521971003117\n ],\n [\n -140.92461926584397,\n 71.61325942564287\n ],\n [\n -161.46539412646445,\n 71.61325942564287\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a92d8e4b0c8380cd80aa9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dinter, David A.","contributorId":104010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinter","given":"David","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":60340,"text":"mf1246I - 1985 - Maps showing distribution of tin in heavy-mineral concentrates, Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-25T19:06:12.463908","indexId":"mf1246I","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1246","chapter":"I","title":"Maps showing distribution of tin in heavy-mineral concentrates, Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle, Utah","docAbstract":"These maps are part of a folio of maps of the Richfield 1° x 2 ° quadrangle, Utah, prepared under the Conterminuous United States Mineral Assessment Program. Other publications in this folio are listed in the selected references.
Located in west-central Utah, the Richfield quadrangle covers the eastern part of the Plioche-Marysvale igneous and mineral belt, which extends from the vicinity of Plioche in southeastern Nevada east-northeastward for 250 km (155 mi) into central Utah. The western two-thirds of the Richfield quadrangle is in the Basin and Range province and the eastern third is in the High Plateaus of Utah, a subprovince of the Colorado Plateau.
Bedrock in the northern part of the Richfield quadrangle consists predominantly of latest Precambrian and Paleozoic sedimentary strata that were thrust eastward during the Sevier orogeny in Cretaceous time onto an autochthon of Mesozoic sedimentary rocks in the eastern part of the quadrangle. The southern part of the quadrangle is largely underlain by Oligocene and younger volcanic rocks and related intrusions. Extensional tectonism in late Cenozoic time broke the bedrock terrane into a series of north-trending fault blocks; the uplifted mountain areas were deeply eroded and the resulting debris deposited in the adjacent basins. Most of the mineral deposits in the Pioche-Marysvale mineral belt were formed during igneous activity in middle and late Cenozoic time.
The regional sampling program was designed to define broad geochemical patterns and trends which can be utilized along with geologic and geophysical data to assess the mineral resource potential for this quadrangle. These maps of the Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle show the regional distributions of copper in two fractions of heavy-mineral concentrates of drainage sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/mf1246I","usgsCitation":"Miller, W.R., Motooka, J.M., and McHugh, J., 1985, Maps showing distribution of tin in heavy-mineral concentrates, Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1246, 1 Plate: 36.15 x 27.85 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1246I.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 36.15 x 27.85 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1246i.jpg"},{"id":390901,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6853.htm"},{"id":283657,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1246-I/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.0,38.0 ], [ -114.0,39.0 ], [ -112.0,39.0 ], [ -112.0,38.0 ], [ -114.0,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db6057ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, William R.","contributorId":53838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Motooka, Jerry M.","contributorId":36611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Motooka","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McHugh, John B.","contributorId":64651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"John B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":60339,"text":"mf1246H - 1985 - Maps showing distribution of thorium in heavy-mineral concentrates, Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-25T19:04:27.687858","indexId":"mf1246H","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1246","chapter":"H","title":"Maps showing distribution of thorium in heavy-mineral concentrates, Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle, Utah","docAbstract":"These maps are part of a folio of maps of the Richfield 1° x 2 ° quadrangle, Utah, prepared under the Conterminuous United States Mineral Assessment Program. Other publications in this folio are listed in the selected references.
Located in west-central Utah, the Richfield quadrangle covers the eastern part of the Plioche-Marysvale igneous and mineral belt, which extends from the vicinity of Plioche in southeastern Nevada east-northeastward for 250 km (155 mi) into central Utah. The western two-thirds of the Richfield quadrangle is in the Basin and Range province and the eastern third is in the High Plateaus of Utah, a subprovince of the Colorado Plateau.
Bedrock in the northern part of the Richfield quadrangle consists predominantly of latest Precambrian and Paleozoic sedimentary strata that were thrust eastward during the Sevier orogeny in Cretaceous time onto an autochthon of Mesozoic sedimentary rocks in the eastern part of the quadrangle. The southern part of the quadrangle is largely underlain by Oligocene and younger volcanic rocks and related intrusions. Extensional tectonism in late Cenozoic time broke the bedrock terrane into a series of north-trending fault blocks; the uplifted mountain areas were deeply eroded and the resulting debris deposited in the adjacent basins. Most of the mineral deposits in the Pioche-Marysvale mineral belt were formed during igneous activity in middle and late Cenozoic time.
The regional sampling program was designed to define broad geochemical patterns and trends which can be utilized along with geologic and geophysical data to assess the mineral resource potential for this quadrangle. These maps of the Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle show the regional distributions of copper in two fractions of heavy-mineral concentrates of drainage sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/mf1246H","usgsCitation":"Miller, W.R., Motooka, J.M., and McHugh, J., 1985, Maps showing distribution of thorium in heavy-mineral concentrates, Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1246, 1 Plate: 36.21 x 27.70 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1246H.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 36.21 x 27.70 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":390900,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6852.htm"},{"id":283656,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1246-H/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":179801,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1246h.jpg"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.0,38.0 ], [ -114.0,39.0 ], [ -112.0,39.0 ], [ -112.0,38.0 ], [ -114.0,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db6057b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, William R.","contributorId":53838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Motooka, Jerry M.","contributorId":36611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Motooka","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McHugh, John B.","contributorId":64651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"John B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":60338,"text":"mf1246G - 1985 - Maps showing distribution of lead in heavy-mineral concentrates, Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-25T19:01:20.256061","indexId":"mf1246G","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1246","chapter":"G","title":"Maps showing distribution of lead in heavy-mineral concentrates, Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle, Utah","docAbstract":"These maps are part of a folio of maps of the Richfield 1° x 2 ° quadrangle, Utah, prepared under the Conterminuous United States Mineral Assessment Program. Other publications in this folio are listed in the selected references.
Located in west-central Utah, the Richfield quadrangle covers the eastern part of the Plioche-Marysvale igneous and mineral belt, which extends from the vicinity of Plioche in southeastern Nevada east-northeastward for 250 km (155 mi) into central Utah. The western two-thirds of the Richfield quadrangle is in the Basin and Range province and the eastern third is in the High Plateaus of Utah, a subprovince of the Colorado Plateau.
Bedrock in the northern part of the Richfield quadrangle consists predominantly of latest Precambrian and Paleozoic sedimentary strata that were thrust eastward during the Sevier orogeny in Cretaceous time onto an autochthon of Mesozoic sedimentary rocks in the eastern part of the quadrangle. The southern part of the quadrangle is largely underlain by Oligocene and younger volcanic rocks and related intrusions. Extensional tectonism in late Cenozoic time broke the bedrock terrane into a series of north-trending fault blocks; the uplifted mountain areas were deeply eroded and the resulting debris deposited in the adjacent basins. Most of the mineral deposits in the Pioche-Marysvale mineral belt were formed during igneous activity in middle and late Cenozoic time.
The regional sampling program was designed to define broad geochemical patterns and trends which can be utilized along with geologic and geophysical data to assess the mineral resource potential for this quadrangle. These maps of the Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle show the regional distributions of copper in two fractions of heavy-mineral concentrates of drainage sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/mf1246G","usgsCitation":"Miller, W.R., Motooka, J.M., and McHugh, J., 1985, Maps showing distribution of lead in heavy-mineral concentrates, Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1246, 1 Plate: 36.38 x 27.85 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1246G.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 36.38 x 27.85 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1246g.jpg"},{"id":283655,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1246-G/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":390898,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6851.htm"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.0,38.0 ], [ -114.0,39.0 ], [ -112.0,39.0 ], [ -112.0,38.0 ], [ -114.0,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605779","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, William R.","contributorId":53838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Motooka, Jerry M.","contributorId":36611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Motooka","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McHugh, John B.","contributorId":64651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"John B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}