{"pageNumber":"3432","pageRowStart":"85775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184934,"records":[{"id":5223937,"text":"5223937 - 1998 - The role of introduced species in the degradation of island ecosystems: A case history of Guam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-28T15:15:28.478151","indexId":"5223937","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:47","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":807,"text":"Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of introduced species in the degradation of island ecosystems: A case history of Guam","docAbstract":"<p><span>The accidental introduction of the brown treesnake (</span><i>Boiga irregularis</i><span>) on Guam around 1950 induced a cascade of extirpations that may be unprecedented among historical extinction events in taxonomic scope and severity. Birds, bats, and reptiles were affected, and by 1990 most forested areas on Guam retained only three native vertebrates, all of which were small lizards. Of the hypotheses to account for the severity of this extinction event, we find some support for the importance of lack of coevolution between introduced predator and prey, availability of alternate prey, extraordinary predatory capabilities of the snake, and vulnerabilities of the Guam ecosystem. In addition, there were important interactions among these factors, especially the presence of introduced prey (possessing coevolutionary experience) that were thus able to maintain their populations and provide alternate prey to the introduced predator while it was driving the native prey species to extinction. This complex of vulnerabilities is common on oceanic islands.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Annual Reviews","doi":"10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.113","usgsCitation":"Fritts, T.H., and Rodda, G.H., 1998, The role of introduced species in the degradation of island ecosystems: A case history of Guam: Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, v. 29, p. 113-140, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.113.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"140","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503823,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zotero.org/groups/5435545/items/YRM4K76E","text":"External Repository"},{"id":200152,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Guam","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              144.6902366109643,\n              13.22848539356734\n            ],\n            [\n              144.77921771846616,\n              13.26623990955089\n            ],\n            [\n              144.7974702533371,\n              13.408321832080418\n            ],\n            [\n              144.96402463404735,\n              13.525919919058609\n            ],\n            [\n              144.97315090148385,\n              13.605764796053847\n            ],\n            [\n              144.833975323081,\n              13.66119679686689\n            ],\n            [\n              144.7472757824383,\n              13.499299002759784\n            ],\n            [\n              144.60125550346015,\n              13.463799829207048\n            ],\n            [\n              144.62178960519242,\n              13.335071271352504\n            ],\n            [\n              144.65373154121818,\n              13.25291545511601\n            ],\n            [\n              144.6902366109643,\n              13.226264357384636\n            ],\n            [\n              144.6902366109643,\n              13.22848539356734\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640e0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fritts, Thomas H.","contributorId":77204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodda, Gordon H. roddag@usgs.gov","contributorId":3196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"Gordon","email":"roddag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":340014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223918,"text":"5223918 - 1998 - Lack of developmental and reproductive toxicity of 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-105) in ring-necked pheasants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-14T16:11:16.249658","indexId":"5223918","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:47","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lack of developmental and reproductive toxicity of 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-105) in ring-necked pheasants","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mono-</span><i>ortho</i><span>&nbsp;PCBs are global contaminants of wildlife with the potential to produce toxicity by an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)–mediated mechanism. To determine the potency of 2,3,3′,4,4′-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 105) for producing reproductive and developmental toxicity, adult ring-necked pheasant hens (</span><i>Phasianus colchicus</i><span>) were orally dosed with 0, 0.06, 0.6, or 6 mg PCB 105/kg hen/week for 10 weeks to achieve cumulative doses of 0, 0.6, 6, or 60 mg PCB 105/kg hen after which hens were bred with untreated roosters once per week for 8 weeks. Except at week 6 of the egg-laying period when cumulative egg production in the 6 mg PCB 105/kg hen group was greater than controls, fertilized egg production was not significantly different between treatment groups. Embryo mortality and chick mortality were not significantly different between treatment groups. Total body and heart weights of all chicks 1 day posthatch (dph) were not different between groups, however, liver weights of chicks from the 60 mg/kg treatment group were greater than controls at 1 dph. The first chick to hatch from each hen was reared to 21 dph and among these birds, the total body, liver, and heart weights were not different between groups. There were no dose-related malformations of the beak or limbs, and no signs of subcutaneous edema, ascites, or pericardial edema in chicks at 1 or 21 dph. Hepatic microsomal monooxygenase activities [ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase (EROD), benzyloxyresorufin-O-dealkylase (BROD), and methyloxyresorufin-O-dealkylase (MROD)] were significantly elevated in chicks at 1 dph from hens given a cumulative PCB 105 dose of 6 mg/kg and in chicks at 21 dph from hens given a cumulative PCB dose of 60 mg/kg. These results indicate that a cumulative PCB 105 dose up to 60 mg/kg hen does not decrease the production of fertilized eggs or increase embryo or chick mortality in ring-necked pheasants, but does increase chick hepatic monooxygenase activity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1007/s002449900427","usgsCitation":"Hornung, M.W., Miller, L., Goodman, B., Melancon, M.J., and Peterson, R.E., 1998, Lack of developmental and reproductive toxicity of 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-105) in ring-necked pheasants: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 35, no. 4, p. 646-653, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449900427.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"646","endPage":"653","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202237,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b42c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hornung, M. W.","contributorId":41940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hornung","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, L.","contributorId":97221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goodman, B.","contributorId":70900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Melancon, M. J.","contributorId":96206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melancon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, R. E.","contributorId":38682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5223762,"text":"5223762 - 1998 - Winter habitat of Kirtland's warbler: an endangered nearctic/neotropical migrant","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:34","indexId":"5223762","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:46","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter habitat of Kirtland's warbler: an endangered nearctic/neotropical migrant","docAbstract":"Habitats of Kirtland?s Warbler (Dendroica kirtlandii) on the wintering grounds in the Bahama Archipelago are presented based upon data from 29 specimens, two bandings, and 67 sightings of at least 61 individuals on 13 islands scattered through the region.  Major emphasis is placed on a study site in central Eleuthera, with additional information on sites on Grand Turk, North Caicos, and Crooked Island.  The warblers used upland habitats that have a low shrub/scrub component with a patchiness of small openings and openings within the vegetation at the ground level.  Six broad habitats were identified as being used: Natural Shrub/Scrub, Secondary Shrub/Scrub, Low Coppice, Pineland Understory, Saline/Upland Ecotone, and Suburban; High Coppice is not used.  The structure and floristic composition of the habitats are described. Observations (N=451) of a Kirtland?s Warbler male (uniquely color banded) and female over three months indicated the birds generally stayed on or near the ground, generally < 3 m (98% of observations), and used a territory of 8.3 ha.  A crude estimate of potential winter habitat suggests that there is more than an adequate amount in the Bahama Archipelago for the currently small warbler population (733 singing males in 1997) and allows for a considerable population increase.  No serious future threat to the amount of that habitat is foreseen. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Sykes, P., and Clench, M., 1998, Winter habitat of Kirtland's warbler: an endangered nearctic/neotropical migrant: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 110, no. 2, p. 244-261.","productDescription":"244-261","startPage":"244","endPage":"261","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17304,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Wilson/v110n02/p0244-p0261.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"110","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b4e4b07f02db5cad12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sykes, P.W. Jr.","contributorId":107385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sykes","given":"P.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clench, M.H.","contributorId":10902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clench","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223795,"text":"5223795 - 1998 - Satellite tracking of threatened species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:36","indexId":"5223795","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:46","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":902,"text":"Argos Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite tracking of threatened species","docAbstract":"In 1990, a joint effort of two U.S. federal agencies, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, began. We initially joined forces in a project that used satellite telemetry to discover the winter home of a tiny dwindling population of Siberian Cranes. Since then several projects have emerged, and a web site was created to follow some of these activities.  This web site is called the Satellite Tracking of Threatened Species and its location is http://sdcd.gsfc.nasa.gov/ISTO/satellite_tracking.  It describes the overall program, and links you to three subsections that describe the projects in more detail: Satellite Direct Readout, Birdtracks, and Birdworld.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Argos Newsletter","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Williams, M., Lunsford, A., Ellis, D., Robinson, J., Coronado, P., and Campbell, W., 1998, Satellite tracking of threatened species: Argos Newsletter, v. No. 53.","productDescription":"17","startPage":"17","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"No. 53","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdbe7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Murray","contributorId":100499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Murray","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lunsford, A.","contributorId":55560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lunsford","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, D.","contributorId":108229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robinson, J.","contributorId":73723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":339522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coronado, P.","contributorId":70521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coronado","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Campbell, W.","contributorId":14087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":5223448,"text":"5223448 - 1998 - Shorebird use of managed wetlands in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-02T10:12:57","indexId":"5223448","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:46","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shorebird use of managed wetlands in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"We assessed shorebird densities on managed wetland habitats during fall and winter within the primarily agricultural landscape of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley.  From November through March, shorebird densities were greater on soybean fields than on rice or moist-soil fields.  Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus) and Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago) were common throughout winter, whereas Yellowlegs (Tringa spp.) and ?peep? sandpipers  (Calidris spp.) were present but less abundant.  During fall, Dowitchers (Limnodromus spp.), Pectoral Sandpipers (Calidris melanotos), Killdeer, and peep sandpipers were the most abundant species on managed shorebird habitat units.  Although shorebird densities were consistently greater on habitats managed by drawing down existing water, we were unable to detect a significant difference in densities from areas managed by flooding previously dry habitat.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031(1998)140[0140:SUOMWI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D.J., Nelms, C.O., Rettig, V., and Aycock, S.R., 1998, Shorebird use of managed wetlands in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: American Midland Naturalist, v. 140, no. 1, p. 140-152, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(1998)140[0140:SUOMWI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"140","endPage":"152","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"140","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de2d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, Daniel J. 0000-0003-1223-5045 dtwedt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"Daniel","email":"dtwedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":338780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelms, Curtis O.","contributorId":176543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelms","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rettig, Virginia","contributorId":21255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rettig","given":"Virginia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aycock, S. Ray","contributorId":80385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aycock","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224551,"text":"5224551 - 1998 - The seventy-second Christmas bird count. 302.  Southern Dorchester County, Md","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-21T00:30:23.691016","indexId":"5224551","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:46","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The seventy-second Christmas bird count. 302.  Southern Dorchester County, Md","docAbstract":"We located 511 Acadian Flycatcher (Empidonax virescens) nests in bottomland hardwood forest of eastern Arkansas.  Microhabitat characteristics were measured and their relationship with nest success evaluated.  Fifty-two percent of all nesting attempts resulted in predation.  Attributes of nest placement were similar between successful and unsuccessful nests, although successful nests were placed higher.  Similarly, nonparasitized nests were typically higher than parasitized nests.  Nests initiated late in the breeding season were placed in larger trees with higher canopy bases resulting in increased vegetation around the nest.  Fifteen different tree species were used for nesting.  Acadian Flycatchers chose nest trees in a nonrandom fashion, selecting Nuttall oak (Quercus nuttallii) and possumhaw (Ilex decidua) in greater proportions than their availability.  However, there was no relationship between tree species used for nesting and nest success.  Nest height was positively correlated with concealment at the nest site, supporting the predator-avoidance theory.  No other attribute of nest placement differentiated successful nest sites, suggesting that nest predation is likely a function of random events in space and time.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1998, The seventy-second Christmas bird count. 302.  Southern Dorchester County, Md: Condor, v. 100, no. 4, p. 264-265.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"264","endPage":"265","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200074,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db63415b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5223432,"text":"5223432 - 1998 - First breeding records of whooping swan and brambling in North America at Attu Island, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-21T00:34:47.605941","indexId":"5223432","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:46","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"First breeding records of whooping swan and brambling in North America at Attu Island, Alaska","docAbstract":"We document the first breeding records of Whooper Swan (Cygnus cygnus) and Brambling (Fringilla montifringilla) in Alaska and North America on Attu Island in the Western Aleutians in the spring of 1996.  Five cygnets were seen with adults and the nest located, and a territorial pair of Bramblings was observed and a nest with eggs found.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1369909","usgsCitation":"Sykes, P., and Sonneborn, D., 1998, First breeding records of whooping swan and brambling in North America at Attu Island, Alaska: Condor, v. 100, no. 1, p. 162-164, https://doi.org/10.2307/1369909.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"162","endPage":"164","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479674,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1369909","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":200186,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db545381","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sykes, P.W. Jr.","contributorId":107385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sykes","given":"P.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sonneborn, D.W.","contributorId":60350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonneborn","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5222694,"text":"5222694 - 1998 - Yellow-throated Bunting at Attu","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:50","indexId":"5222694","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1633,"text":"Field Notes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Yellow-throated Bunting at Attu","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field Notes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Sykes, P., 1998, Yellow-throated Bunting at Attu: Field Notes, v. 52, no. 3, p. 398-403.","productDescription":"398-403","startPage":"398","endPage":"403","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196661,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b3e4b07f02db53186d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sykes, P.W. Jr.","contributorId":107385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sykes","given":"P.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5223506,"text":"5223506 - 1998 - Effects of 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin injected into the yolks of double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs prior to incubation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-05T16:51:54.286444","indexId":"5223506","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Effects of 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin injected into the yolks of double-crested cormorant (<i>Phalacrocorax auritus</i>) eggs prior to incubation","title":"Effects of 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin injected into the yolks of double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs prior to incubation","docAbstract":"<p><span>Double-crested cormorant (</span><i>Phalacrocorax auritus</i><span>) eggs were injected with either 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (polychlorinated biphenyl [PCB] 126; 70-698 μg/kg egg) or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-</span><i>p</i><span>-dioxin (TCDD; 1.3-11.7 μg/kg egg) prior to incubation. These compounds were injected into the yolks of cormorant eggs collected from incomplete clutches at isolated colonies on Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba, Canada. Eggs were incubated for approximately 26 to 28 d. After hatching the brain, bursa, heart, liver, and spleen were dissected and weighed. Torsos were preserved in formalin for examination of the gonads. Median lethal doses (LD50s) calculated from mortality data at hatching were 177 and 4.0 μg/kg egg for PCB 126 and TCDD, respectively. No significant differences were found in the incidence of developmental abnormalities in any of the treatment groups. Bursa weights were significantly less in the greatest (11.7 μg/kg egg) TCDD group compared to the vehicle control group. Spleen weights were significantly less in the 349 μg PCB 126/kg egg and the 5.4 and 11.7 μg TCDD/kg egg groups when compared to the vehicle control group. No histological alterations of the gonads were found. Hepatic ethoxyresorufin-</span><i>O</i><span>-deethylase activity in all PCB 126 and TCDD dose groups was significantly greater compared to the control activity. The toxic equivalency factor for PCB 126 was 0.02.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620171020","usgsCitation":"Powell, D., Aulerich, R., Meadows, J., Tillitt, D.E., Kelly, M., Stromborg, K., Melancon, M.J., Fitzgerald, S., and Bursian, S., 1998, Effects of 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin injected into the yolks of double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs prior to incubation: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 17, no. 10, p. 2035-2040, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620171020.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"2035","endPage":"2040","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198579,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db6252d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, D.C.","contributorId":72899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aulerich, R.J.","contributorId":39904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aulerich","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meadows, J.C.","contributorId":91962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meadows","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tillitt, D. E.","contributorId":83462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kelly, M.E.","contributorId":73312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stromborg, K. L.","contributorId":34466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stromborg","given":"K. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Melancon, M. J.","contributorId":96206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melancon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fitzgerald, S.D.","contributorId":10515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bursian, S.J.","contributorId":16127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bursian","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":5223380,"text":"5223380 - 1998 - Inference methods for spatial variation in species richness and community composition when not all species are detected","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-16T11:38:33.435156","indexId":"5223380","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inference methods for spatial variation in species richness and community composition when not all species are detected","docAbstract":"<p><span>Inferences about spatial variation in species richness and community composition are important both to ecological hypotheses about the structure and function of communities and to community-level conservation and management. Few sampling programs for animal communities provide censuses, and usually some species in surveyed areas are not detected. Thus, counts of species detected underestimate the number of species present. We present estimators useful for drawing inferences about comparative species richness and composition between different sampling locations when not all species are detected in sampling efforts. Based on capture-recapture models using the robust design, our methods estimate relative species richness, proportion of species in one location that are also found in another, and number of species found in one location but not in another. The methods use data on the presence or absence of each species at different sampling occasions (or locations) to estimate the number of species not detected at any occasions (or locations). This approach permits estimation of the number of species in the sampled community and in subsets of the community useful for estimating the fraction of species shared by two communities. We provide an illustration of our estimation methods by comparing bird species richness and composition in two locations sampled by routes of the North American Breeding Bird Survey. In this example analysis, the two locations (and associated bird communities) represented different levels of urbanization. Estimates of relative richness, proportion of shared species, and number of species present on one route but not the other indicated that the route with the smaller fraction of urban area had greater richness and a larger number of species that were not found on the more urban route than vice versa. We developed a software package, COMDYN, for computing estimates based on these methods. Because these estimation methods explicitly deal with sampling in which not all species are detected, we recommend their use for addressing questions about species richness and community composition.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.1998.97331.x","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., Boulinier, T., Hines, J., Pollock, K.H., and Sauer, J., 1998, Inference methods for spatial variation in species richness and community composition when not all species are detected: Conservation Biology, v. 12, no. 6, p. 1390-1398, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.1998.97331.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1390","endPage":"1398","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49abe4b07f02db5c5b10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boulinier, T.","contributorId":37845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boulinier","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":338606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5223781,"text":"5223781 - 1998 - The discharge of nitrate-contaminated groundwater from developed shoreline to marsh-fringed estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T09:39:56","indexId":"5223781","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The discharge of nitrate-contaminated groundwater from developed shoreline to marsh-fringed estuary","docAbstract":"<p><span>As residential development, on-site wastewater disposal, and groundwater contamination increase in the coastal zone, assessment of nutrient removal by soil and sedimentary processes becomes increasingly important. Nitrogen removal efficiency depends largely on the specific flow paths taken by groundwater as it discharges into nitrogen-limited estuarine waters. Shoreline salinity surveys, hydraulic studies, and thermal infrared imagery indicated that groundwater discharge into the Nauset Marsh estuary (Eastham, Massachusetts) occurred in high-velocity seeps immediately seaward of the upland-fringing salt marsh. Discharge was highly variable spatially and occurred through permeable, sandy sediments during low tide. Seepage chamber monitoring showed that dissolved inorganic nitrogen (principally nitrate) traversed nearly conservatively from the aquifer through shallow estuarine sediments to coastal waters at flux rates of 1–3 mmol m</span><sup>−2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>h</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. A significant relationship between pore water NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>-N concentrations and NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>-N flux rates may provide a rapid method of estimating nitrogen loading from groundwater to the water column.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98WR02167","usgsCitation":"Portnoy, J.W., Nowicki, B., Roman, C.T., and Urish, D., 1998, The discharge of nitrate-contaminated groundwater from developed shoreline to marsh-fringed estuary: Water Resources Research, v. 34, no. 11, p. 3095-3104, https://doi.org/10.1029/98WR02167.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"3095","endPage":"3104","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cve_facpubs/346","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":201896,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusets","city":"Eastham","otherGeospatial":"Nauset Marsh estuary","volume":"34","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db6683af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Portnoy, J. W.","contributorId":31492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Portnoy","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nowicki, B.L.","contributorId":14085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowicki","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roman, C. T.","contributorId":79579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roman","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Urish, D.W.","contributorId":61126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urish","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5223807,"text":"5223807 - 1998 - Atlantic Flyway review: Piedmont-Coastal Plain Region IV - Fall 1997: Robbins Nest, Laurel, MD (390-0765)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T17:35:48","indexId":"5223807","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2881,"text":"North American Bird Bander","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atlantic Flyway review: Piedmont-Coastal Plain Region IV - Fall 1997: Robbins Nest, Laurel, MD (390-0765)","docAbstract":"<p>The 25th year of fall banding at this back yard station atop the Patuxent River gorge between Laurel and the 1-95 bridge netted more birds of summer and winter resident species than migrants. Myrtle Warbler was the only one of the six commonest species captured that is primarily a transient here. My 5214 net-hours, my fourth highest, were 48% above the 24-year mean of 3512, but the only species to exceed their previous high were Carolina Chickadee and Magnolia Warbler. Part of the reason for my low catch per 100 net-hours in recent years is the dieoff of dogwood from anthracnose and destruction of the shrub layer in my mature woods by an overpopulation of deer. For the first time, deer destroyed three of my nets. We also had the driest summer in decades, which killed some of the shallow-rooted vegetation this year.</p><p>The greatest declines from last year were in catbird (51 to 32), Hermit Thrush ( 27 to 12 ), and Blackand-white Warbler (11 to 3), and the greatest increases were in Myrtle Warbler (2 to 34), Carolina Chickadee (6 to 36), and Tufted Titmouse (10 to 31). The biggest changes from the mean of the first five years (1973-77) to the most recent five years (1993-97), not corrected for the 147% increase in net-hours, are increases in Rubythroated Hummingbird (1.2 to 7.6 ), Black-throated Blue Warbler (1.8 to 11.6), Common Yellowthroat (5.0 to 17.6), and House Finch (0.2 to 6.0), and decreases in Swainson's Thrush (26.6 to 17.2), Gray-cheeked/Bicknell's Thrush (9.4 to 3.8), Scarlet Tanager (6.6 to 2.2), and American Goldfinch (3.0 to 0.4). </p><p>The oldest of my 39 returns were a six-year-old Gray Catbird and a five-year-old Carolina Chickadee. Two birds banded here during the fall migration of 1995 were found to the northeast of here in the summer of 1997: a Ruby-throated Hummingbird (8000-85102) in Philadelphia, PA, and a Hermit Thrush (1521-58503) at Wentworth, NH. A Savannah Sparrow was the 121st species banded on our suburban wooded hectare. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Western, Inland, and Eastern Bird Banding Associations","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C.S., 1998, Atlantic Flyway review: Piedmont-Coastal Plain Region IV - Fall 1997: Robbins Nest, Laurel, MD (390-0765): North American Bird Bander, v. 23, no. 3, p. 97-97.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"97","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200213,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17248,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.westernbirdbanding.org/nabb.html","text":"Journal's Website","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Prince George's County","city":"Laurel","volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aace4b07f02db66acbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, Chandler S. crobbins@usgs.gov","contributorId":4275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Chandler","email":"crobbins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":339564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5223331,"text":"5223331 - 1998 - Brood sizes of sympatric American black ducks and mallards in Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-31T12:01:37.40543","indexId":"5223331","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brood sizes of sympatric American black ducks and mallards in Maine","docAbstract":"<p>The long-term decline of the American black duck (Anas rubripes) population has been attributed to lower productivity of black ducks that might have been excluded from fertile agricultural wetlands by mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). We monitored broods on 53 wetlands in 1993 and on 58 wetlands in 1994 to determine mean brood sizes of black ducks and mallards in forested and agricultural landscapes. Study wetlands were moderately to highly fertile. We monitored 94 black duck broods each year and 46 (1993) and 52 (1994) mallard broods until they reached Class IIc-III (near fledging). No differences existed (P = 0.71) in mean brood size between black ducks (1993: 3.95 ± 0.23; 1994: 4.59 ± 0.24) and mallards (1993: 3.96 ± 0.35; 1994: 5.00 ± 0.43) either year. Brood size for species, however, was different between years (P = 0.014) and among wetland sites (P = 0.001). Mean sizes of broods were larger (P &lt; 0.05) on 2 large impoundment complexes (Lake Josephine and Lake Christina) compared with brood sizes on other wetlands in forested or agricultural landscapes. No differences (P ≥ 0.41) existed between mean Class IIc-III brood sizes of black ducks and mallards, whether species were alone or together on wetlands. Our data document that mallard productivity is similar to that of black ducks where they breed sympatrically in Maine.<br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3802272","usgsCitation":"Longcore, J.R., Clugston, D., and McAuley, D., 1998, Brood sizes of sympatric American black ducks and mallards in Maine: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 62, no. 1, p. 142-151, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802272.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"142","endPage":"151","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199320,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb308","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clugston, D.A.","contributorId":19657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clugston","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McAuley, D.G. 0000-0003-3674-6392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-6392","contributorId":15296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAuley","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5223324,"text":"5223324 - 1998 - Outcome of aggressive interactions between American black ducks and mallards during the breeding season","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-31T12:24:19.0255","indexId":"5223324","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Outcome of aggressive interactions between American black ducks and mallards during the breeding season","docAbstract":"<p>American black duck (Anas rubripes) numbers have declined during the past several decades, while mallards (A. platyrhynchos) have expanded their range eastward. Competitive exclusion of black ducks from wetlands by mallards has been proposed as a principal cause of the decline. We studied a sympatric population of black ducks and mallards in Maine during the early breeding season to document behavior and interactions. We observed 832 aggressive interactions; most (72%) were interspecific. When a choice was available, both species interacted more often with conspecifics than with the other species (P &lt; 0.028). On wetlands occupied simultaneously by both species, numbers of intraspecific interactions initiated by each species were similar (P = 0.470). The proportions of won (initiator displaces recipient of attack), lost (initiator displaced), and \"no change\" outcomes of these interactions were different (P &lt; 0.001). When black ducks initiated interactions with mallards, black ducks did not lose any interactions and displaced mallards 87.2% of the time; no change occurred during 12.8% of the interactions. When mallards initiated interactions with black ducks, mallards displaced black ducks 63.3% of the time but were displaced by black ducks 15.0% of the time; no change occurred during 21.7% of the interactions. Displacement from wetlands was rare (38 of 229 interspecific interactions) and was equal between species.<br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3802271","usgsCitation":"McAuley, D., Clugston, D., and Longcore, J.R., 1998, Outcome of aggressive interactions between American black ducks and mallards during the breeding season: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 62, no. 1, p. 134-141, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802271.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"134","endPage":"141","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198756,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a442","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McAuley, D.G. 0000-0003-3674-6392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-6392","contributorId":15296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAuley","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clugston, D.A.","contributorId":19657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clugston","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5223809,"text":"5223809 - 1998 - Estimating relative abundance from count data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-07T16:04:47.557998","indexId":"5223809","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":944,"text":"Austrian Journal of Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating relative abundance from count data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Much of the available information on large-scale patterns of animal abundance is based on count surveys. The data provided by such surveys are often influenced by nuisance factors affecting the numbers of animals counted, but unrelated to population size. Temporal and spatial patterns in nuisance factors may exist, causing simple summaries of counts</span><br><span>to give a misleading view of patterns in population size. We develop models for count data that allows the incorporation of such factors, and describe methods for estimating spatial patterns of relative abundance from counts. We carry out spatial analyses of North American Breeding Bird Survey data, in which observer ability is a nuisance parameter nested within sites. In light of evidence that new observers tend to count more birds than</span><br><span>the observers they replace, we model observer ability as a random effect with mean depending on observer initiation year.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Austrian Journal of Statistics","doi":"10.17713/ajs.v27i1&2.532","usgsCitation":"Link, W.A., and Sauer, J.R., 1998, Estimating relative abundance from count data: Austrian Journal of Statistics, v. 27, no. 1 & 2, p. 83-97, https://doi.org/10.17713/ajs.v27i1&2.532.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200214,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1 & 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc87c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, William A. 0000-0002-9913-0256 wlink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":146920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"William","email":"wlink@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":339567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, John R. 0000-0002-4557-3019 jrsauer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":146917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":339568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223642,"text":"5223642 - 1998 - History and tradition, or contemporary ornithology? Why ornithological journals should not have bird names","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-09T17:47:34","indexId":"5223642","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"History and tradition, or contemporary ornithology? Why ornithological journals should not have bird names","docAbstract":"<p>Ask any non-ornithologist to predict the prestige of the following journals, based on the name alone: <i>American Birds, Auk, Bluebird, Condor, Emu, Forktail, Gerfaut, Ibis, Journal of Avian Biology, </i>and<i> Journal of Field Ornithology</i>. The results always will be that the first one and the last two are placed in one category, and the blizzard of bird-named journals in another, lower category. When that same non-ornithologist is called upon to evaluate the publication records of ornithologists, those with important papers in bird-named journals likely will suffer lower rankings. If lucky, an ornithologist under review will receive support from an internationally distinguished ornithological colleague who will take explicit pains to argue that publication in The Auk is a meritorious professional accomplishment. Such arguments, however, may not counteract the damage of a single referee's sneering at the names of the journals in which a bird biologist has chosen to publish. One cannot overstate the importance of the serendipitous collection of peer reviews that determines whether ornithologists get and then keep their first academic jobs, receive tenure, are promoted, are evaluated fairly, and, most important, achieve and maintain the respect of colleagues in other biological disciplines.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4089137","usgsCitation":"Remsen, J., Kushlan, J., and Loiselle, B., 1998, History and tradition, or contemporary ornithology? Why ornithological journals should not have bird names: The Auk, v. 115, no. 1, p. 252-253, https://doi.org/10.2307/4089137.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"253","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479678,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4089137","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":199965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c05f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Remsen, J.V. Jr.","contributorId":82258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Remsen","given":"J.V.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kushlan, J.A.","contributorId":18301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kushlan","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loiselle, B.A.","contributorId":37854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loiselle","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5223815,"text":"5223815 - 1998 - Key areas for wintering North American herons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-18T14:14:03.529229","indexId":"5223815","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Key areas for wintering North American herons","docAbstract":"Nearly all North American heron populations are migratory, but details of where they winter are little known.  Locations where North American herons winter were identified using banding recovery data.  North American herons winter from Canada through northern South America but especially in eastern North America south of New York, Florida, California, Louisiana, Texas, Mexico and Cuba, these areas accounting for 63% of winter recoveries.  We identified regions where recoveries for various species clustered as 'key areas.'  These forty-three areas constitute a network of areas that hold sites that likely are important to wintering herons.  The relative importance of each area and site within the network must be evaluated by further on the ground inventory.  Because of biases inherent in the available data, these hypothesized key areas are indicative rather than exhaustive.  As a first cut, this network of areas can serve to inform further inventory activities and can provide an initial basis to begin planning for the year-round conservation of North American heron populations.","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521899","usgsCitation":"Mikuska, T., Kushlan, J., and Hartley, S., 1998, Key areas for wintering North American herons: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 21, no. 2, p. 125-134, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521899.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199438,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4713","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mikuska, T.","contributorId":12593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikuska","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kushlan, J.A.","contributorId":18301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kushlan","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartley, S. 0000-0003-1380-2769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1380-2769","contributorId":21663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartley","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5223454,"text":"5223454 - 1998 - Estimating rates of local species extinction, colonization and turnover in animal communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-02T10:10:48","indexId":"5223454","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating rates of local species extinction, colonization and turnover in animal communities","docAbstract":"Species richness has been identified as a useful state variable for conservation and management purposes.  Changes in richness over time provide a basis for predicting and evaluating community responses to management, to natural disturbance, and to changes in factors such as community composition (e.g., the removal of a keystone species).  Probabilistic capture-recapture models have been used recently to estimate species richness from species count and presence-absence data.  These models do not require the common assumption that all species are detected in sampling efforts.  We extend this approach to the development of estimators useful for studying the vital rates responsible for changes in animal communities over time; rates of local species extinction, turnover, and colonization.  Our approach to estimation is based on capture-recapture models for closed animal populations that permit heterogeneity in detection probabilities among the different species in the sampled community.  We have developed a computer program, COMDYN, to compute many of these estimators and associated bootstrap variances.  Analyses using data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) suggested that the estimators performed reasonably well.  We recommend estimators based on probabilistic modeling for future work on community responses to management efforts as well as on basic questions about community dynamics.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[1213:EROLSE]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., Boulinier, T., Hines, J., Pollock, K.H., and Sauer, J., 1998, Estimating rates of local species extinction, colonization and turnover in animal communities: Ecological Applications, v. 8, no. 4, p. 1213-1225, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[1213:EROLSE]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1213","endPage":"1225","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db64863f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, James D. jnichols@usgs.gov","contributorId":139082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":338798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boulinier, T.","contributorId":37845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boulinier","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":338799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5223777,"text":"5223777 - 1998 - Validity of the Red Wolf: Response to Roy et al.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-14T12:26:11.85688","indexId":"5223777","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Validity of the Red Wolf: Response to Roy et al.","docAbstract":"<p>No access available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.1998.97287.x","usgsCitation":"Nowak, R.M., and Federoff, N., 1998, Validity of the Red Wolf: Response to Roy et al.: Conservation Biology, v. 12, no. 3, p. 722-725, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.1998.97287.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"722","endPage":"725","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research 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-106.39100243784705,\n              32.059533747583046\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62f14e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nowak, R. M.","contributorId":51870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Federoff, N.E.","contributorId":50492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Federoff","given":"N.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223797,"text":"5223797 - 1998 - Reservoir competence of Microtus pennsylvanicus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) for the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-09T16:28:46.293045","indexId":"5223797","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2385,"text":"Journal of Medical Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reservoir competence of Microtus pennsylvanicus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) for the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi","docAbstract":"<p><span>The reservoir competence of the meadow vole,&nbsp;</span><i>Microtus pennsylvanicus</i><span>&nbsp;Ord, for the Lyme disease spirochete&nbsp;</span><i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i><span>&nbsp;Johnson, Schmid, Hyde, Steigerwalt &amp; Brenner was established on Patience Island, RI. Meadow voles were collected from 5 locations throughout Rhode Island. At 4 of the field sites,&nbsp;</span><i>M. pennsylvanicus</i><span>&nbsp;represented only 4.0% (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 141) of the animals captured. However, on Patience Island,&nbsp;</span><i>M. pennsylvanicus</i><span>&nbsp;was the sole small mammal collected (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 48). Of the larval&nbsp;</span><i>Ixodes scapularis</i><span>&nbsp;Say obtained from the meadow voles on Patience Island, 62% (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 78) was infected with&nbsp;</span><i>B. burgdorferi</i><span>. Meadow voles from all 5 locations were successfully infected with&nbsp;</span><i>B. burgdorferi</i><span>&nbsp;in the laboratory and were capable of passing the infection to xenodiagnostic&nbsp;</span><i>I. scapularis</i><span>&nbsp;larvae for 9 wk. We concluded that&nbsp;</span><i>M. pennsylvanicus</i><span>&nbsp;was physiologically capable of maintaining&nbsp;</span><i>B. burgdorferi</i><span>&nbsp;infection. However, in locations where&nbsp;</span><i>Peromyscus leucopus</i><span>&nbsp;(Rafinesque) is abundant, the role of&nbsp;</span><i>M. pennsylvanicus</i><span>&nbsp;as a primary reservoir for&nbsp;</span><i>B. burgdorferi</i><span>&nbsp;was reduced.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jmedent/35.5.804","usgsCitation":"Markowski, D., Ginsberg, H., Hyland, K., and Hu, R., 1998, Reservoir competence of Microtus pennsylvanicus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) for the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi: Journal of Medical Entomology, v. 35, no. 5, p. 804-808, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/35.5.804.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"804","endPage":"808","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487297,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/pls_facpubs/176","text":"External Repository"},{"id":202190,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c5be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markowski, D.","contributorId":83227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markowski","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ginsberg, H. S. 0000-0002-4933-2466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-2466","contributorId":27576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsberg","given":"H. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hyland, K.E.","contributorId":79984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyland","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hu, R.","contributorId":57190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hu","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5223768,"text":"5223768 - 1998 - Blood changes in mallards exposed to white phosphorus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-19T09:33:54","indexId":"5223768","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Blood changes in mallards exposed to white phosphorus","docAbstract":"<p>White phosphorus (P<sub>4</sub>) has been extensively used by the military for various purposes, including marking artillery impacts and as an obscurant. Target practice in an Alaskan tidal marsh during the last 4 decades has deposited large amounts of P<sub>4</sub> particles in sediments and water, which have resulted in die-offs of several waterfowl species. Because the toxicity of P<sub>4</sub> in birds has not been well documented and because it is quickly excreted or metabolized in living animals, we sought to determine the effects of experimental dosing on blood characteristics in game farm mallards (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>). In two experiments, one employing single doses of 5.4 mg P<sub>4</sub> per kilogram body weight in corn oil and the other using daily repeated doses of pelletized P<sub>4</sub> at either 0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg, there were significant changes in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), inorganic P, hematocrit, and hemoglobin. Other indications of exposure included changes in uric acid, creatinine, and total protein, which were consistent with reported liver and kidney damage due to this contaminant. Changes in white blood cells included a greater frequency of thrombocytes and fewer lymphocytes in dosed birds compared to controls. A biomarker of exposure based on LDH activity and hemoglobin is proposed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620171221","usgsCitation":"Sparling, D.W., Vann, S., and Grove, R.A., 1998, Blood changes in mallards exposed to white phosphorus: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 17, no. 12, p. 2521-2529, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620171221.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2521","endPage":"2529","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479676,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620171221","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202272,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db6078e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sparling, Donald W.","contributorId":7220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparling","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vann, S.","contributorId":41561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vann","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grove, Robert A.","contributorId":52134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5223790,"text":"5223790 - 1998 - Effects of radio transmitters on migrating wood thrushes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:39","indexId":"5223790","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of radio transmitters on migrating wood thrushes","docAbstract":"We quantified the effects of radio transmitters on Wood Thrushes (Hylocichla mustelina) using 4 yr of banding and telemetry data from Piedmont National Wildlife Refuge, Georgia.  Flight performance models suggest that the 1.6-g transmitter shortens the migratory range of Wood Thrushes by only 60 km, and the estimated migratory range is adequate to accomplish migration even with limited fat stores.  We used two strengths of line, 5- and 9-kg test-strength braided Dacron, to attach the transmitters using the thigh-harness method.  We recaptured 13 returning radio-marked Wood Thrushes, seven of which were still marked.  Six of the seven birds marked with the 5-kg test harnesses lost their transmitters within 1 yr while all six of the 9-kg test harnesses were still attached up to 21 mo later.  Radio-marking did not reduce the return rates of adults and immatures, and the transmitters did not cause radio-marked birds to lose more mass than banded-only birds.  Wood Thrushes can successfully carry a transmitter during migration with no detectable negative effects.  We recommend continued use of the thigh-harness method, but we encourage the use of 5-kg cotton line.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Powell, L., Krementz, D., Lang, J.D., and Conroy, M., 1998, Effects of radio transmitters on migrating wood thrushes: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 69, no. 2, p. 306-315.","productDescription":"306-315","startPage":"306","endPage":"315","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17246,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/JFO/v069n02/p0306-p0315.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6119ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, L.A.","contributorId":51262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krementz, D.G.","contributorId":74332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krementz","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lang, J. D.","contributorId":88058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lang","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5223804,"text":"5223804 - 1998 - Managing island biotas:  Can indigenous species be protected from introduced predators such as the brown treesnake?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:39","indexId":"5223804","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3638,"text":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Managing island biotas:  Can indigenous species be protected from introduced predators such as the brown treesnake?","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Rodda, G., Fritts, T.H., Perry, G., and Campbell, E., 1998, Managing island biotas:  Can indigenous species be protected from introduced predators such as the brown treesnake?: Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference, v. 63, p. 95-108.","productDescription":"95-108","startPage":"95","endPage":"108","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200212,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64abca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fritts, T. H.","contributorId":40147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"T.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perry, G.","contributorId":91818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell, E.W. III","contributorId":55390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"E.W.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5223312,"text":"5223312 - 1998 - Variations in growth of roseate tern (Sterna dougallii) chicks: II. Early growth as an index of parental quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-21T00:36:21.20069","indexId":"5223312","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variations in growth of roseate tern (Sterna dougallii) chicks: II. Early growth as an index of parental quality","docAbstract":"We measured growth of Roseate Tern (Sterna dougallii) chicks at a colony in Connecticut in 10 successive years.  Data on body mass during the first three to four days of life were fitted to a quadratic regression model, yielding three parameters of early growth for each of 1,551 chicks: mass at hatching (Mo), linear growth (a) and quadratic growth (b).  First chicks in each brood (A-chicks) exceeded second chicks (B-chicks) in each of the three growth parameters; A-chicks from broods of two grew faster than single chicks during the first three days.  Mo depended on egg mass, hatch order, hatch date, and year.  The linear coefficient (a) depended on hatch date, hatch order, and year, but not on egg mass or Mo.  The quadratic coefficient (b) depended on a, hatch date, Mo, and hatch order.  Subsequent growth and survival of chicks were predicted well by these parameters of early growth, with b contributing more to these predictions than Mo or a.  After controlling for effects of early growth, none of the other variables measured (hatch date, egg mass, parental age, hatch interval between chicks, mass difference between chicks, female-female pairing, or trapping) contributed significantly to explaining later growth and survival.  Year effects were substantial in only two of the 10 years of study.  Individual pairs were consistent in performance (as indexed by chick growth) in successive years.  These results suggest that growth and survival of Roseate Tern chicks are determined primarily by parental quality; much of the information about parental quality is expressed by the time the eggs are laid, and most of it is expressed by the time the chicks are three days old.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1369019","usgsCitation":"Nisbet, I., Spendelow, J., Hatfield, J., Zingo, J.M., and Gough, G., 1998, Variations in growth of roseate tern (Sterna dougallii) chicks: II. Early growth as an index of parental quality: Condor, v. 100, no. 2, p. 305-315, https://doi.org/10.2307/1369019.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"305","endPage":"315","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200254,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e499fe4b07f02db5bd59d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nisbet, I.C.T.","contributorId":54942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nisbet","given":"I.C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spendelow, J. A. 0000-0001-8167-0898","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-0898","contributorId":72478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spendelow","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatfield, Jeff S.","contributorId":41372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Jeff S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zingo, James M.","contributorId":79572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zingo","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gough, G.A.","contributorId":105013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5223801,"text":"5223801 - 1998 - Increasing point-count duration increases standard error","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:39","indexId":"5223801","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increasing point-count duration increases standard error","docAbstract":"We examined data from point counts of varying duration in bottomland forests of west Tennessee and the Mississippi Alluvial Valley to determine if counting interval influenced sampling efficiency.  Estimates of standard error increased as point count duration increased both for cumulative number of individuals and species in both locations.  Although point counts appear to yield data with standard errors proportional to means, a square root transformation of the data may stabilize the variance.  Using long (>10 min) point counts may reduce sample size and increase sampling error, both of which diminish statistical power and thereby the ability to detect meaningful changes in avian populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Smith, W., Twedt, D., Hamel, P., Ford, R., Wiedenfeld, D., and Cooper, R., 1998, Increasing point-count duration increases standard error: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 69, no. 3, p. 450-456.","productDescription":"450-456","startPage":"450","endPage":"456","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17249,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/JFO/v069n03/p0450-p0456.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"69","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f586c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, W.P.","contributorId":97217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Twedt, D.J. 0000-0003-1223-5045","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":105009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamel, P.B.","contributorId":88444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamel","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, R.P.","contributorId":30325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiedenfeld, D.A.","contributorId":25518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiedenfeld","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cooper, R.J.","contributorId":89077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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