In 1996, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) and nine southeast Michigan counties, began a study of the factors controlling arsenic concentrations in drinking water. The early results of this study raised broader concerns in Oakland County about the quality of groundwater in general and drinking water in particular. In response to these concerns, Oakland County worked with the USGS and the Center for Applied Environmental Research at the University of Michigan - Flint (CAER) to study distributions of arsenic, nitrate and chloride in groundwater, with emphasis on sites where concentrations of these constituents exceeded the Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) and Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels (SMCLs) set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The maps produced for this report are based on historical data compiled from MDEQ records.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs13598","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 135-98, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs13598.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118204,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_135_98.jpg"},{"id":146,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/reports/Aichele1.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Oakland County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-83.4546,42.8798],[-83.2227,42.887],[-83.1025,42.8884],[-83.0986,42.801],[-83.0905,42.6238],[-83.0867,42.5355],[-83.0843,42.4463],[-83.3264,42.4416],[-83.4403,42.4393],[-83.553,42.4351],[-83.6669,42.4312],[-83.6733,42.5196],[-83.6863,42.7822],[-83.6902,42.871],[-83.5737,42.8744],[-83.4541,42.8766],[-83.4546,42.8798]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Oakland\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}\n","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672cbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5250,"text":"fs14798 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Oakland Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:10:28","indexId":"fs14798","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"147-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Oakland Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs14798","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Oakland Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 147-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14798.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs14798v7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0147/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31963,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0147/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672cbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5257,"text":"fs14498 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Springfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:05:47","indexId":"fs14498","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"144-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Springfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs14498","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Springfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 144-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14498.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31970,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0144/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0144/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":172,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs14498v7a.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672c92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5251,"text":"fs14698 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Orion Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:10:15","indexId":"fs14698","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"146-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Orion Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs14698","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Orion Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 146-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14698.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31964,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0146/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":166,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs14698v7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":120756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0146/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672cf2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5255,"text":"fs16198 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Royal Oak Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:07:00","indexId":"fs16198","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"161-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Royal Oak Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs16198","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Royal Oak Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 161-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs16198.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31968,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0161/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":170,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs16198v7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0161/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672caf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5252,"text":"fs14198 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Oxford Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:09:51","indexId":"fs14198","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"141-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Oxford Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs14198","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Oxford Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 141-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14198.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":167,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs14198v7a.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":31965,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0141/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0141/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672ca2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5254,"text":"fs14398 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Rose Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:10:05","indexId":"fs14398","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"143-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Rose Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs14398","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Rose Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 143-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14398.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs14398v7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0143/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31967,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0143/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672ca6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5258,"text":"fs13698 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Brandon Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:08:03","indexId":"fs13698","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"136-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Brandon Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs13698","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Brandon Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 136-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col.map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col.map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs13698.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col.map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col.map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31971,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0136/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0136/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":173,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs13698v7a.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672ce0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29385,"text":"wri984096 - 1998 - Quantification of deep percolation from two flood-irrigated alfalfa fields, Roswell Basin, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-24T21:33:20.414451","indexId":"wri984096","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4096","title":"Quantification of deep percolation from two flood-irrigated alfalfa fields, Roswell Basin, New Mexico","docAbstract":"For many years water management in the Roswell ground-water basin (Roswell \r\nBasin) and other declared basins in New Mexico has been the responsibility \r\nof the State of New Mexico. One of the water management issues requiring \r\nbetter quantification is the amount of deep percolation from applied \r\nirrigation water. Two adjacent fields, planted in alfalfa, were studied \r\nto determine deep percolation by the water-budget, volumetric-moisture,\r\nand chloride mass-balance methods. Components of the water-budget method \r\nwere measured, in study plots called borders, for both fields during the \r\n1996 irrigation season. The amount of irrigation water applied in the west \r\nborder was 95.8 centimeters and in the east border was 169.8 centimeters. \r\nThe total amount of precipitation that fell during the irrigation season \r\nwas 21.9 centimeters. The increase in soil-moisture storage from the \r\nbeginning to the end of the irrigation season was 3.2 centimeters in the \r\nwest border and 8.8 centimeters in the east border. Evapotranspiration, \r\nas estimated by the Bowen ratio energy balance technique, in the west \r\nborder was 97.8 centimeters and in the east border was 101.0 centimeters.\r\nDeep percolation determined using the water-budget method was 16.4 centimeters \r\nin the west border and 81.6 centimeters in the east border. An average deep \r\npercolation of 22.3 centimeters in the west border and 31.6 centimeters in \r\nthe east border was determined using the volumetric-moisture method. The \r\nchloride mass-balance method determined the multiyear deep percolation to be \r\n15.0 centimeters in the west border and 38.0 centimeters in the east border. \r\nLarge differences in the amount of deep percolation between the two borders \r\ncalculated by the water-budget method are due to differences in the amount \r\nof water that was applied to each border. More water was required to flood \r\nthe east border because of the greater permeability of the soils in that \r\nfield and the smaller rate at which water could be applied.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984096","usgsCitation":"Roark, D., and Healy, D.F., 1998, Quantification of deep percolation from two flood-irrigated alfalfa fields, Roswell Basin, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4096, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984096.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":392114,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48968.htm"},{"id":159762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4096/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95760,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4096/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Roswell Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.4042,\n 33.175\n ],\n [\n -104.3833,\n 33.175\n ],\n [\n -104.3833,\n 33.1833\n ],\n [\n -104.4042,\n 33.1833\n ],\n [\n -104.4042,\n 33.175\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633dde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roark, D. Michael mroark@usgs.gov","contributorId":2821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roark","given":"D. Michael","email":"mroark@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":201445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Healy, D. F.","contributorId":97120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5241,"text":"fs15998 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Farmington Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:09:19","indexId":"fs15998","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"159-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Farmington Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs15998","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Farmington Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 159-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs15998.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31955,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0159/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs15998v7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118199,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0159/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672ce4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222,"text":"fs16298 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, White Lake Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:11:33","indexId":"fs16298","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"162-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, White Lake Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs16298","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, White Lake Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 162-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs16298.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":99,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs16298v7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":125311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0162/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31945,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0162/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672c9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221,"text":"fs15498 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, West Bloomfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:11:44","indexId":"fs15498","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"154-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, West Bloomfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs15498","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, West Bloomfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 154-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs15498.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":98,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs15498v7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121357,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0154/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31944,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0154/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672c9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5240,"text":"fs15398 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Commerce Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:11:23","indexId":"fs15398","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"153-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Commerce Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs15398","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Commerce Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 153-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs15398.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31954,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0153/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs15398v72.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":120852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0153/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5239,"text":"fs15698 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Troy township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:11:13","indexId":"fs15698","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"156-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Troy township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/fs15698","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Troy township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 156-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : col. maps ; 28 cm. col. maps ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs15698.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : col. maps ; 28 cm. col. maps ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":136,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs15698v7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":31953,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0156/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0156/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672c96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5242,"text":"fs14098 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:02:46","indexId":"fs14098","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"140-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Center for Applied Environmental Research at the University of Michigan-Flint (CAER) mapped distributions of arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in the groundwater of Oakland County. Emphasis was placed on sites that exceeded Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCL) and Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels (SMCL) set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The maps were based on historical data from records compiled by the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ). The USGS collected and analyzed samples to test the water quality in a number of these wells to confirm the overall validity of the historical records. The maps showed that each of the chemical constituents is widely distributed. High concentrations of arsenic are most common in the northern and northwestern parts of the county. Nitrate has been detected in groundwater in most townships but samples with concentrations above the MCL tend to cluster around high-density lakeshore communities. Chlorides are the most widely distributed and samples with concentrations above the SMCL also cluster in high-density lakeshore communities.
\nTo provide homeowners with more detailed information on the distribution of these water-quality indicators, a series of township maps have been prepared. These maps highlight square-mile sections that contain, or are close to, wells in which concentrations of arsenic, nitrate, or chloride greater than the (S)MCL have been detected.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs14098","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 140-98, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14098.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31956,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0140/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":139,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs14098v7.pdf","text":"Report-reprint","size":"177.59 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":118200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0140/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Oakland County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":\"1291\",\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Oakland\",\"state\":\"MI\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-83.4546,42.8798],[-83.2227,42.887],[-83.1025,42.8884],[-83.0986,42.801],[-83.0905,42.6238],[-83.0867,42.5355],[-83.0843,42.4463],[-83.3264,42.4416],[-83.4403,42.4393],[-83.553,42.4351],[-83.6669,42.4312],[-83.6733,42.5196],[-83.6863,42.7822],[-83.6902,42.871],[-83.5737,42.8744],[-83.4541,42.8766],[-83.4546,42.8798]]]}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672cc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25609,"text":"wri964255 - 1998 - Hydrogeology, water quality, and simulation of ground-water flow in a glacial-aquifer system, Cortland County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T20:56:44.145643","indexId":"wri964255","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4255","title":"Hydrogeology, water quality, and simulation of ground-water flow in a glacial-aquifer system, Cortland County, New York","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964255","usgsCitation":"Miller, T.S., Sherwood, D.A., Jeffers, P., and Mueller, N., 1998, Hydrogeology, water quality, and simulation of ground-water flow in a glacial-aquifer system, Cortland County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4255, Report: vi, 84 p.; 5 Plates: 38.00 × 31.82 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964255.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 84 p.; 5 Plates: 38.00 × 31.82 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393879,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48584.htm"},{"id":54357,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4255/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54356,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4255/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54355,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4255/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54354,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4255/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54353,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4255/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54352,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4255/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4255/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Cortland County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.2656,\n 42.5417\n ],\n [\n -76.125,\n 42.5417\n ],\n [\n -76.125,\n 42.625\n ],\n [\n -76.2656,\n 42.625\n ],\n [\n -76.2656,\n 42.5417\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc6e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Todd S. tsmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Todd","email":"tsmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherwood, D. A.","contributorId":65824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jeffers, P.M.","contributorId":17271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffers","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mueller, Nancy","contributorId":23979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Nancy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25828,"text":"wri984097 - 1998 - Water-quality assessment of the Central Arizona Basins, Arizona and northern Mexico – Environmental setting and overview of water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-15T22:50:18.876093","indexId":"wri984097","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4097","title":"Water-quality assessment of the Central Arizona Basins, Arizona and northern Mexico – Environmental setting and overview of water quality","docAbstract":"The Central Arizona Basins study area in central and southern Arizona and northern Mexico is one of 60 study units that are part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment program. The purpose of this report is to describe the physical, chemical, and environmental characteristics that may affect water quality in the Central Arizona Basins study area and present an overview of water quality. Covering 34,700 square miles, the study area is characterized by generally north to northwestward-trending mountain ranges separated by broad, gently sloping alluvial valleys. Most of the perennial rivers and streams are in the northern part of the study area. Rivers and streams in the south are predominantly intermittent or ephemeral and flow in response to precipitation such as summer thunderstorms. Effluent-dependent streams do provide perennial flow in some reaches. The major aquifers in the study area are in the basin-fill deposits that may be as much as 12,000 feet thick.\r\nThe 1990 population in the study area was about 3.45 million, and about 61 percent of the total was in Maricopa County (Phoenix and surrounding cities). Extensive population growth over the past decade has resulted in a twofold increase in urban land areas and increased municipal water use; however, agriculture remains the major water use. Seventy-three percent of all water with drawn in the study area during 1990 was used for agricultural purposes.\r\nThe largest rivers in the study area-the Gila, Salt, and Verde-are perennial near their headwaters but become intermittent downstream because of impoundments and artificial diversions. As a result, the Central Arizona Basins study area is unique compared to less arid basins because the mean surface-water outflow is only 528 cubic feet per second from a total drainage area of 49,650 square miles. Peak flows in the northern part of the study area are the result of snowmelt runoff; whereas, summer thunderstorms account for the peak flows in the southern part. Ground water is the primary water supply in most of Arizona and the only source of drinking water used by communities in the southern half of the study area. Years of overpumping have caused water tables in basin fill to drop below once-perennial streams leaving streambeds dry, water too deep to pump economically, pumping of poorer quality water with depth, and earth fissures resulting from subsidence after dewatering of sediments.\r\nNatural processes-such as leaching of trace elements and major ions from geologic formations-and human activities-such as mining, agriculture, and urban development-have major effects on the quality of surface-water and ground-water resources in the Central Arizona Basins study area. Surface-water quality standards in Arizona are based on the designated use of the water such as full or partial body contact, fish consumption, aquatic and wildlife uses, and agriculture. Maintaining the biological integrity (health) of surface waters in Arizona is an important part of ensuring that these waters are suitable for designated uses.\r\nImportant water-quality issues for surface water that are somewhat unique to Arizona include: (1) streamflows and riparian environments sustained by effluent from municipal wastewater-treatment plants that contains high concentrations of nutrients, potentially toxic trace elements and organic compounds, and fecal bacteria; (2) industrial, mining, agricultural, and municipal sources of contamination from Mexico; and (3) unpredictable high flows from major summer thunder storms causing stream-channel changes; high suspended-sediment concentrations and loads; sewage overflows; and breaching, erosion, and washout of landfills and mining operations.\r\nThe quality of water in aquifers that are protected for drinking- water use is subject to standards that are in most cases equal to or more stringent than the primary drinking-water regulations of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The general che","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984097","usgsCitation":"Cordy, G.E., Rees, J., Edmonds, R.J., Gebler, J.B., Wirt, L., Gellenbeck, D., and Anning, D.W., 1998, Water-quality assessment of the Central Arizona Basins, Arizona and northern Mexico – Environmental setting and overview of water quality: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4097, vii, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984097.","productDescription":"vii, 72 p.","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4097/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95565,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4097/report.pdf","size":"16734","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":392987,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48969.htm"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Central Arizona Basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.37890625,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -109.072265625,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -109.072265625,\n 35.817813158696616\n ],\n [\n -113.37890625,\n 35.817813158696616\n ],\n [\n -113.37890625,\n 30.751277776257812\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e70de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordy, Gail E.","contributorId":94296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordy","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rees, Julie A.","contributorId":107740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rees","given":"Julie A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edmonds, Robert J.","contributorId":95515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edmonds","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gebler, Joseph B.","contributorId":99582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gebler","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wirt, Laurie","contributorId":13204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirt","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gellenbeck, Dorinda J.","contributorId":13228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellenbeck","given":"Dorinda J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anning, David W. dwanning@usgs.gov","contributorId":432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anning","given":"David","email":"dwanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":5395,"text":"fs15198 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Avon Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:06:14","indexId":"fs15198","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"151-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Avon Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs15198","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Avon Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 151-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs15198.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0151/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32043,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0151/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":492,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs15198v7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672cd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28116,"text":"wri984107 - 1998 - Ground-water data-collection protocols and procedures for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program : collection, documentation, and compilation of required site, well, subsurface, and landscape data for wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:41","indexId":"wri984107","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4107","title":"Ground-water data-collection protocols and procedures for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program : collection, documentation, and compilation of required site, well, subsurface, and landscape data for wells","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984107","usgsCitation":"Koterba, M.T., 1998, Ground-water data-collection protocols and procedures for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program : collection, documentation, and compilation of required site, well, subsurface, and landscape data for wells: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4107, viii, 91 p. :ill. (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984107.","productDescription":"viii, 91 p. :ill. (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95696,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4107/report.pdf","size":"8612","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4107/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cf07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koterba, Michael T.","contributorId":70419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koterba","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5394,"text":"fs14298 - 1998 - Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Addison Township, Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:07:13","indexId":"fs14298","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"142-98","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Addison Township, Oakland County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs14298","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., Hill-Rowley, R., and Malone, M., 1998, Arsenic, nitrate, and chloride in groundwater, Addison Township, Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 142-98, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14298.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0142/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32042,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0142/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":491,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/fs14298v7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672d29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":150898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill-Rowley, Richard","contributorId":76293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill-Rowley","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, Matt","contributorId":73577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}