The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation, conducted a study of extreme precipitation depths for various durations and storm areas for Texas, excluding the Trans-Pecos region. The extreme precipitation depth is an estimate, from documented storms, of the largest precipitation depth expected to occur over a given area. The extreme precipitation depth exceeds the precipitation depth associated with recurrence intervals greater than 100 years.
\nStorm durations of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 days were investigated for this report. The extreme precipitation depth for a particular area is estimated from an “extreme precipitation curve” (an upper limit or envelope curve developed from graphs of extreme precipitation depths for each climatic region). The extreme precipitation curves were determined using precipitation depth-duration information from a subset (24 “extreme” storms) of 213 “notable” storms documented throughout Texas. The extreme precipitation curves can be used to estimate extreme precipitation depth for a particular area. The extreme precipitation depth represents a limiting depth, which can provide useful comparative information for more quantitative analyses.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri984099","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Lanning-Rush, J., Asquith, W.H., and Slade, R.M., 1998, Extreme precipitation depths for Texas, excluding the Trans-Pecos region: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4099, iii, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984099.","productDescription":"iii, 38 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri984099.JPG"},{"id":2343,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri984099/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f89a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lanning-Rush, Jennifer","contributorId":38981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanning-Rush","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":199473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slade, Raymond M. Jr.","contributorId":46487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slade","given":"Raymond","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28074,"text":"wri984091 - 1998 - Transmissivity and water quality of water-producing zones in the intermediate aquifer system, Sarasota County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:26","indexId":"wri984091","displayToPublicDate":"2000-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4091","title":"Transmissivity and water quality of water-producing zones in the intermediate aquifer system, Sarasota County, Florida","docAbstract":"The intermediate aquifer system is an important water source in Sarasota County, Florida, because the quality of water in it is usually better than that in the underlying Upper Floridan aquifer. The intermediate aquifer system consists of a group of up to three water-producing zones separated by less-permeable units that restrict the vertical movement of ground water between zones. The diverse lithology, that makes up the intermediate aquifer system, reflects the variety of depositional environments that occurred during the late Oligocene and Miocene epochs. Slight changes in the depositional environment resulted in aquifer heterogeneity, creating both localized connection between water-producing zones and abrupt culmination of water-producing zones that are not well documented. Aquifer heterogeneity results in vertical and areal variability in hydraulic and water-quality properties. The uppermost water-producing zone is designated producing zone 1 but is not extensively used because of its limited production capability and limited areal extent. The second water-producing zone is designated producing zone 2, and most of the domestic- and irrigation-supply wells in the area are open to this zone. Additionally, producing zone 2 is utilized for public supply in southern coastal areas of Sarasota County. Producing zone 3 is the lowermost and most productive water-producing zone in the intermediate aquifer system. Public-supply well fields serving the cities of Sarasota and Venice, as well as the Plantation and Mabry Carlton Reserve well fields, utilize producing zone 3. Heads within the intermediate aquifer system generally increase with aquifer depth. However, localized head-gradient reversals occur in the study area, coinciding with sites of intense ground-water withdrawals. Heads in producing zones 1, 2, and 3 range from 1 to 23, 0.2 to 34, and 7 to 42 feet above sea level, respectively. Generally, an upward head gradient exists between producing zones 3 and 2. However, an upward head gradient between producing zones 2 and 1 does not consistently occur throughout Sarasota County, probably the result of greater ground-water withdrawals from producing zone 2 than from producing zone 1. The transmissivity of the intermediate aquifer system is spatially variable. Specific-capacity data from selected wells penetrating producing zones 2 and 3, were used to estimate transmissivity. Estimated transmissivity values for producing zones 2 and 3 range from about 100 to 26,000 feet squared per day and from about 1,300 to 6,200 feet squared per day, respectively. Because the capacity of specific water-producing zones is highly variable from site to site, estimating the performance of a specific water-producing zone as a water resource is difficult. Water samples collected during the study were analyzed for major-ion concentrations. Generally, bicarbonate type water from rock interaction occurs in northern Sarasota County; enriched calcium-magnesium-sulfate type water from deeper aquifers occurs in central Sarasota County; and sodium-chloride type water from saltwater mixing occurs in southern Sarasota County. In some areas of northern Sarasota County, the major-ion concentrations in water are lower in producing zone 2 than in producing zone 1. Major-ion concentrations in water are higher in producing zone 3 throughout the study area. A major objective of the study was to evaluate hydraulic and water-quality data to determine distinctions that could be used to characterize a particular producing zone. However, data indicate that both hydraulic and water-quality properties are highly variable within and between zones, and are more related to the degree of connection between and areal extent of water-producing zones than to aquifer depth and distance from the coast. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U. S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984091","usgsCitation":"Knochenmus, L.A., and Bowman, G., 1998, Transmissivity and water quality of water-producing zones in the intermediate aquifer system, Sarasota County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4091, iv, 27 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984091.","productDescription":"iv, 27 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2137,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri984091","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":158029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f5e4b07f02db5f0a1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knochenmus, L. A.","contributorId":60683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knochenmus","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowman, Geronia","contributorId":50890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowman","given":"Geronia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25698,"text":"wri984104 - 1998 - Pesticide concentrations in surface waters of New York State in relation to land use - 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-26T19:11:21.549918","indexId":"wri984104","displayToPublicDate":"2000-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4104","title":"Pesticide concentrations in surface waters of New York State in relation to land use - 1997","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984104","usgsCitation":"Phillips, P.J., Wall, G.R., Eckhardt, D., Freehafer, D., and Rosenmann, L., 1998, Pesticide concentrations in surface waters of New York State in relation to land use - 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4104, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984104.","productDescription":"9 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394888,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48974.htm"},{"id":95553,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4104/report.pdf","size":"4973","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157490,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4104/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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York\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68837c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, P. J.","contributorId":31728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wall, G. R.","contributorId":93652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wall","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eckhardt, D. A.","contributorId":99591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckhardt","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freehafer, D. A.","contributorId":58827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freehafer","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rosenmann, Larry","contributorId":11655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenmann","given":"Larry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":31018,"text":"wri984029 - 1998 - Ground-water resources of the coastal plain of Aunuu Island, American Samoa, 1996-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-08T13:08:47","indexId":"wri984029","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4029","title":"Ground-water resources of the coastal plain of Aunuu Island, American Samoa, 1996-97","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri984029","usgsCitation":"Gingerich, S.B., Izuka, S.K., and Presley, T., 1998, Ground-water resources of the coastal plain of Aunuu Island, American Samoa, 1996-97: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4029, 2 over-size sheets. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984029.","productDescription":"2 over-size sheets. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160903,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274637,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4029/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":274638,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4029/plate-2.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a646","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gingerich, S. B.","contributorId":83958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gingerich","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Izuka, S. K.","contributorId":39818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izuka","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Presley, T.K.","contributorId":61858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presley","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30107,"text":"wri984014 - 1998 - Ground-water age, flow, and quality near a landfill, and changes in ground-water conditions from 1976 to 1996 in the Swinomish Indian Reservation, northwestern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-21T14:13:37","indexId":"wri984014","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4014","title":"Ground-water age, flow, and quality near a landfill, and changes in ground-water conditions from 1976 to 1996 in the Swinomish Indian Reservation, northwestern Washington","docAbstract":"This report describes the results of two related studies: a study of ground-water age, flow, and quality near a landfill in the south-central part of the Swinomish Indian Reservation; and a study of changes in ground-water conditions for the entire reservation from 1976 to 1996. The Swinomish Indian Reservation is a 17-square-mile part of Fidalgo Island in northwestern Washington. The groundwater flow system in the reservation is probably independent of other flow systems in the area because it is almost completely surrounded by salt water.
\nThere has been increasing stress on the ground-water resources of the reservation because the population has almost tripled during the past 20 years, and 65 percent of the population obtain their domestic water supply from the local ground-water system. The Swinomish Tribe is concerned that increased pumping of ground water might have caused decreased ground-water discharge into streams, declines in ground-water levels, and seawater intrusion into the ground-water system. There is also concern that leachate from an inactive landfill containing mostly household and wood-processing wastes may be contaminating the ground water.
\nThe study area is underlain by unconsolidated glacial and interglacial deposits of Quaternary age that range from about 300 to 900 feet thick. Five hydrogeologic units have been defined in the unconsolidated deposits. From top to bottom, the hydrogeologic units are a till confining bed, an outwash aquifer, a clay confining bed, a sea-level aquifer, and an undifferentiated unit.
\nThe ground-water flow system of the reservation is similar to other island-type flow systems. Water enters the system through the water table as infiltration and percolation of precipitation (recharge), then the water flows downward and radially outward from the center of the island. At the outside edges of the system, ground water flows upward to discharge into the surrounding saltwater bodies. Average annual recharge is estimated to be about 3 inches, or 12 percent of the average annual precipitation.
\nGround water in the outwash aquifer near the landfill is estimated to be between 15 and 43 years old. Some deeper ground waters and ground water near the discharge areas close to the shoreline are older than 43 years.
\nAnalysis of water-quality data collected for this study and review of existing data indicate that material in the landfill has had no appreciable impact on the current quality of ground water outside of the landfill. The water quality of samples from seven wells near to and downgradient from the landfill appears to be similar to the ground-water quality throughout the entire study area. The high iron and manganese concentrations found in most of the samples from wells near the landfill are probably within the range of natural concentrations for the study area.
\nGround-water pumping during the past 20 years has not caused any large changes in ground-water discharge to streams, ground-water levels, or seawater intrusion into the ground-water system. Ground-water discharge into Snee-oosh Creek and Munks Creek had similar magnitudes in the summers of 1976 and 1996; flows in both creeks during those summers ranged from 0.07 t 0.15 cubic feet per second. Ground-water levels changed minimally between 1976 and 1996. The average water-level change for 20 wells with more than 10 years between measurements was -0.7 feet and the two largest waterlevel declines were 6 and 9 feet. No appreciable seawater intrusion was found in the ground water in 1996, and there was no significant increase in the extent of seawater intrusion from 1976 to 1996. Median chloride concentrations of water samples collected from wells were 22 milligrams per liter in 1976 and 18 milligrams per liter in 1996.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tacoma, WA","doi":"10.3133/wri984014","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Swinomish Indian Tribal Community","usgsCitation":"Thomas, B.E., and Cox, S., 1998, Ground-water age, flow, and quality near a landfill, and changes in ground-water conditions from 1976 to 1996 in the Swinomish Indian Reservation, northwestern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4014, v, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984014.","productDescription":"v, 58 p.","numberOfPages":"65","temporalStart":"1976-01-01","temporalEnd":"1996-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287517,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287516,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4014/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Fidalgo Island;Swinomish Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.9971,47.4963 ], [ -123.9971,49.5033 ], [ -121.4489,49.5033 ], [ -121.4489,47.4963 ], [ -123.9971,47.4963 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d43b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, B. E.","contributorId":90767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cox, S.E.","contributorId":66663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28178,"text":"wri984023 - 1998 - Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Paluxy aquifer in the vicinity of Landfills 1 and 3, U.S. Air Force Plant 4, Fort Worth, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-13T21:08:36.189526","indexId":"wri984023","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4023","title":"Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Paluxy aquifer in the vicinity of Landfills 1 and 3, U.S. Air Force Plant 4, Fort Worth, Texas","docAbstract":"Ground-water contamination of the surficial terrace alluvial aquifer has occurred at U.S. Air Force Plant 4, a government-owned, contractor-operated facility, northwest of Fort Worth, Texas. A poorly constructed monitoring well, P–22M, open to the underlying middle zone of the Paluxy aquifer was installed at landfill 3, October 1987, allowing leakage of contaminated ground water to reach the Paluxy aquifer. This well was plugged and abandoned in November 1995. Additionally, volatile organic compounds have been detected in fractures in the Goodland-Walnut confining unit, the hydrogeologic unit separating the terrace alluvial aquifer from the underlying Paluxy aquifer, beneath the western part of landfill 1. Volatile organic compounds in concentrations near the analytical detection limit were detected in the upper Paluxy prior to the drilling of well P–22M.
The ground-water-flow simulation model described in this report was developed to examine the best logistically feasible location to install recovery wells to capture the low concentration (less than 100 micrograms per liter) trichloroethylene plume beneath landfills 1 and 3 (west Paluxy plume). Once the recovery wells were installed (1996), the simulation model was recalibrated with new data. This report documents the capture area of the installed recovery wells. Four geologic units are pertinent to this site-specific model. From oldest to youngest, these are the Glen Rose Formation, Paluxy Formation, Walnut Formation, and Goodland Limestone. The Glen Rose Formation is relatively impermeable in the study area and forms the confining unit underlying the Paluxy Formation. The Paluxy Formation forms the Paluxy aquifer, which is a public drinking water supply for the City of White Settlement. The Walnut Formation and Goodland Limestone form the Goodland-Walnut confining unit overlying the Paluxy aquifer. Near landfill 3, gamma-ray logs indicate three distinct zones of the Paluxy Formation; upper, middle, and lower. The formation is about 170-feet thick near landfill 3, and each zone is about 57-feet thick.
Two steady-state simulations using the computer program MODFLOW were analyzed using the particle-tracking computer program, MODPATH. One simulation is the calibration simulation using Paluxy aquifer water-level data for May 1993. The second simulation includes the installed recovery wells. A variably spaced grid was designed for the model. The smallest grid cells, 25 by 25 feet, are in the vicinity of landfills 1 and 3. The largest cells, 4,864.5 by 1,441.5 feet, are at the northwestern corner of the model grid near the Parker-Tarrant County line. The modeling was accomplished with three layers representing the upper, middle, and lower zones of the Paluxy aquifer. Particles, which represent contaminant molecules moving in solution with the ground water, were tracked from well P–22M and an area below landfill 1, at the top of the upper zone of the Paluxy aquifer, for 9 years (forward tracking). The forward tracking estimates where contaminants might move by advection from 1987 to 1996. Analysis of backward tracking from the new recovery wells indicates that the simulated contributing area to the recovery wells intercepts the contaminant plume, minimizing off-site migration of the west Paluxy plume. To determine the effectiveness of the recovery wells, monitoring wells southeast of Building 14 have been installed (1996–97) for sampling.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri984023","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, Aeronautical Systems Center, Environmental Management Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio","usgsCitation":"Kuniansky, E.L., and Hamrick, S.T., 1998, Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Paluxy aquifer in the vicinity of Landfills 1 and 3, U.S. Air Force Plant 4, Fort Worth, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4023, iv, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984023.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423533,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48913.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":2314,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri98-4023/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":326717,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri984023.JPG"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Fort Worth","otherGeospatial":"Paluxy formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.48366219961711,\n 32.7898641403239\n ],\n [\n -97.48366219961711,\n 32.75443856753387\n ],\n [\n -97.43546486690468,\n 32.75443856753387\n ],\n [\n -97.43546486690468,\n 32.7898641403239\n ],\n [\n -97.48366219961711,\n 32.7898641403239\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62562b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuniansky, Eve L. 0000-0002-5581-0225 elkunian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5581-0225","contributorId":932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuniansky","given":"Eve","email":"elkunian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":199341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamrick, Stanley T.","contributorId":101288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamrick","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29927,"text":"wri984033 - 1998 - Geohydrology and water quality of the North Platte River alluvial aquifer, Garden County, western Nebraska, 1993-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:58","indexId":"wri984033","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4033","title":"Geohydrology and water quality of the North Platte River alluvial aquifer, Garden County, western Nebraska, 1993-94","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984033","usgsCitation":"Steele, G.V., Cannia, J.C., and Stanton, J., 1998, Geohydrology and water quality of the North Platte River alluvial aquifer, Garden County, western Nebraska, 1993-94: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4033, vii, 75 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984033.","productDescription":"vii, 75 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4033/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58745,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4033/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8b6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steele, G. V.","contributorId":62543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannia, J. C.","contributorId":105258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannia","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanton, J.S.","contributorId":15243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":27915,"text":"wri984021 - 1998 - Documentation and application of a method to compute maximum slope and aspect of hydraulic gradients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:36","indexId":"wri984021","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4021","title":"Documentation and application of a method to compute maximum slope and aspect of hydraulic gradients","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984021","usgsCitation":"Johnston, C.M., and Harte, P., 1998, Documentation and application of a method to compute maximum slope and aspect of hydraulic gradients: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4021, iii, 25 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984021.","productDescription":"iii, 25 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95677,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4021/report.pdf","size":"1312","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4021/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d729","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, C. M.","contributorId":97524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harte, P. T. 0000-0002-7718-1204","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-1204","contributorId":36143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harte","given":"P. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28346,"text":"wri984013 - 1998 - Stream habitat characteristics at selected sites in the Georgia-Florida coastal plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:39","indexId":"wri984013","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4013","title":"Stream habitat characteristics at selected sites in the Georgia-Florida coastal plain","docAbstract":"Habitat characterization is part of a multidisciplinary approach to water-quality assessment implemented by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Habitat data were collected in the Georgia-Florida Coastal Plain study unit at 24 sites during 1993-95. Data were collected for habitat characteristics at three spatial scales: basin, segment, and reach. Basin data include physiography, land resource provinces, and land use, providing a description of the environmental setting at each site. Segment data include length, gradient, and sinuosity. A Kendall correlation analysis performed on segment characteristics and the log-of-basin area showed a correlation between segment gradient and the log-of-basin area and a correlation between sinuosity and segment length. Reach data consist of field-collected measurements of both instream and riparian habitats. Sand and detritus were the most common channel-bed substrates among the sampled sites. Measurements of channel width, water depth, and bank width and height were used to create cross-sectional profiles of each sampled area. Elevations of selected durations plotted on cross sections illustrated the percentage of time that the banks were inundated at each site. Sites were divided into two groups based on duration of bank inundation (less than or equal to 1 percent and greater than 1 percent). Bank woody vegetation was also sampled and a clustering algorithm known as Two-Way INdicator SPecies ANalysis (TWINSPAN) was used to analyze these data. TWINSPAN divided the sites into two groups based on their vegetation composition. A statistical comparison of the two types of site groups (duration of bank inundation and vegetation) was performed. The significant association between these groups was consistent with the hypothesis that inundation frequency affected riparian vegetation.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services, [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984013","usgsCitation":"Lewis, L., and Turtora, M., 1998, Stream habitat characteristics at selected sites in the Georgia-Florida coastal plain: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4013, iv, 23 p. :col. ill., col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984013.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p. :col. ill., col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158834,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2251,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri984013","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a512e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, L.J.","contributorId":77972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turtora, Michael mturtora@usgs.gov","contributorId":4260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turtora","given":"Michael","email":"mturtora@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":199636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25989,"text":"wri984015 - 1998 - Peak-flow frequency for tributaries of the Colorado River downstream of Austin, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T13:58:20","indexId":"wri984015","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4015","title":"Peak-flow frequency for tributaries of the Colorado River downstream of Austin, Texas","docAbstract":"A procedure to estimate the peak discharge associated with large floods is needed for tributaries of the Colorado River downstream of Austin, Texas, so that appropriate peak discharges can be used to estimate floodplain boundaries and used for the design of bridges and other structures. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Lower Colorado River Authority, studied flood peaks for streams in all or parts of 22 counties in that part of the Colorado River Basin extending downstream of Town Lake in Austin to the Gulf of Mexico. The study area was selected because the streams in this area either are tributaries to the Colorado River or have flood characteristics similar to those tributaries.
\nPeak-flow frequency for 38 stations with at least 8 years of data in natural (unregulated and nonurbanized) basins was estimated on the basis of annual peak-streamflow data through water year 1995. Peak-flow frequency represents the peak discharges for recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, and 500 years. The peak-flow frequency and drainage basin characteristics for the stations were used to develop two sets of regression equations to estimate peak-flow frequency for tributaries of the Colorado River in the study area. One set of equations was developed for contributing drainage areas less than 32 square miles, and another set was developed for contributing drainage areas greater than 32 square miles. A procedure is presented to estimate the peak discharge at sites where both sets of equations are considered applicable. Additionally, procedures are presented to compute the 50-, 67-, and 90-percent prediction interval for any estimation from the equations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri984015","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Lower Colorado River Authority","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., 1998, Peak-flow frequency for tributaries of the Colorado River downstream of Austin, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4015, Document: iii, 19 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984015.","productDescription":"Document: iii, 19 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326719,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1991,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri98-4015/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688810","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26085,"text":"wri984026 - 1998 - Distribution of selected radiochemical and chemical constituents in perched ground water, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1992-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri984026","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4026","title":"Distribution of selected radiochemical and chemical constituents in perched ground water, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1992-95","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor,","doi":"10.3133/wri984026","usgsCitation":"Bartholomay, R.C., 1998, Distribution of selected radiochemical and chemical constituents in perched ground water, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1992-95: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4026, v, 59 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984026.","productDescription":"v, 59 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4026/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54854,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4026/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63f56b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomay, R. C.","contributorId":66271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32311,"text":"ofr98581 - 1998 - Geologic map of the Oquirrh Mountains and adjoining south and western Traverse Mountains, Tooele, Salt Lake, and Utah Counties, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-10T22:39:56.678229","indexId":"ofr98581","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-581","title":"Geologic map of the Oquirrh Mountains and adjoining south and western Traverse Mountains, Tooele, Salt Lake, and Utah Counties, Utah","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98581","usgsCitation":"Tooker, E.W., and Roberts, R.J., 1998, Geologic map of the Oquirrh Mountains and adjoining south and western Traverse Mountains, Tooele, Salt Lake, and Utah Counties, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-581, 2 Plates: 41.00 × 52.00 inches and 44.00 × 40.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98581.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 41.00 × 52.00 inches and 44.00 × 40.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391597,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22507.htm"},{"id":19711,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0581/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160522,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":19710,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0581/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"50000","country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Salt Lake County, Tooele County, Utah County","otherGeospatial":"Oquirrh Mountains and adjoining south and western Traverse Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.5,\n 40.218\n ],\n [\n -111.933,\n 40.218\n ],\n [\n -111.933,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -112.5,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -112.5,\n 40.218\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af6e4b07f02db692ad5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tooker, E. W.","contributorId":102071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tooker","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, R. J.","contributorId":58250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30229,"text":"wri984028 - 1998 - Distribution of selected radiochemical and chemical constituents in perched ground water, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1989-91","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri984028","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4028","title":"Distribution of selected radiochemical and chemical constituents in perched ground water, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1989-91","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984028","usgsCitation":"Tucker, B., and Orr, B.R., 1998, Distribution of selected radiochemical and chemical constituents in perched ground water, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1989-91: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4028, v, 62 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984028.","productDescription":"v, 62 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95835,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4028/report.pdf","size":"5140","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159703,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4028/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63f53b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tucker, B.J.","contributorId":42230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orr, B. R.","contributorId":46545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27742,"text":"wri984024 - 1998 - Streambed stability and scour potential at selected bridge sites in Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-06T16:24:16","indexId":"wri984024","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4024","title":"Streambed stability and scour potential at selected bridge sites in Michigan","docAbstract":"Contraction scour in the main stream channel at a bridge and local scour near piers and abutments can result in bridge failure. Estimates of contraction-scour and local-scour potentials associated with the 100-year flood were computed for 13 bridge sites in Michigan by use of semi-theoretical equations and procedures recommended by the Federal Highway Administration. These potentials were compared with measures of Streambed stability obtained by use of data from 773 historical streamflow measurements, documenting 20,741 individual Streambed soundings between 1959 and 1995. Analysis of these data indicate small, but statistically significant, monotonic trends in Streambed elevation at 10 sites. No consistent patterns in relations between changes in Streambed elevations and streamflow, flow velocity, or flow depth were evident. Also, estimates of contraction-scour potential were not correlated with measures of Streambed stability, and no differences were detected between measures of Streambed stability in the main channel and stability adjacent to piers. Despite the inconsistencies between measures of Streambed stability and scour potential, data from a single, large flood (greater than a 100-year event) provided field evidence that the relation between scour and streamflow is highly nonlinear. This nonlinearity and the limited availability of measurements of extreme flood events may have reduced the utility of the empirical measures for confirming the nonlinear scour-potential equations and procedures. Results of field surveys using ground-penetrating radar and tuned transducers showed limited ability to aid interpretation of historical scour conditions at four bridge sites. Additional research is needed to confirm the applicability of scour-potential equations for hydrogeologic conditions in Michigan.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/wri984024","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Michigan Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Holtschlag, D., and Miller, R.L., 1998, Streambed stability and scour potential at selected bridge sites in Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4024, vii, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984024.","productDescription":"vii, 73 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4024/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95670,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4024/report.pdf","size":"5362","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}\n","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a500a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holtschlag, D. J. 0000-0001-5185-4928","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-4928","contributorId":102493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holtschlag","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27900,"text":"wri984025 - 1998 - Nutrient and suspended solids loads, yields, and trends in the non-tidal part of five major river basins in Virginia, 1985-96","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-27T13:08:32","indexId":"wri984025","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4025","title":"Nutrient and suspended solids loads, yields, and trends in the non-tidal part of five major river basins in Virginia, 1985-96","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984025","usgsCitation":"Johnson, H., and Belval, D., 1998, Nutrient and suspended solids loads, yields, and trends in the non-tidal part of five major river basins in Virginia, 1985-96: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4025, ii, 36 p. :ill. (some col.), col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984025.","productDescription":"ii, 36 p. :ill. (some col.), col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158641,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4025/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95676,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4025/report.pdf","size":"7920","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6967a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, H.M. IV 0000-0002-7571-4994","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-4994","contributorId":100891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"H.M.","suffix":"IV","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belval, D.L.","contributorId":52186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belval","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26888,"text":"wri984035 - 1998 - Regional rainfall-runoff relations for simulation of streamflow for watersheds in Du Page County, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:17","indexId":"wri984035","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4035","title":"Regional rainfall-runoff relations for simulation of streamflow for watersheds in Du Page County, Illinois","docAbstract":"Rainfall and streamflow data collected from July 1986 through September 1993 were utilized to calibrate and verify a continuous-simulation rainfall-runoff model for three watersheds (11.8--18.0 square miles in area) in Du Page County. Classification of land cover into three categories of pervious (grassland, forest/wetland, and agricultural land) and one category of impervious subareas was sufficient to accurately simulate the rainfall-runoff relations for the three watersheds. Regional parameter sets were obtained by calibrating jointly all parameters except fraction of ground-water inflow that goes to inactive ground water (DEEPFR), interflow recession constant (IRC), and infiltration (INFILT) for runoff from all three watersheds. DEEPFR and IRC varied among the watersheds because of physical differences among the watersheds. Two values of INFILT were obtained: one representing the rainfall-runoff process on the silty and clayey soils on the uplands and lake plains that characterize Sawmill Creek, St. Joseph Creek, and eastern Du Page County; and one representing the rainfall-runoff process on the silty soils on uplands that characterize Kress Creek and parts of western Du Page County.\r\nRegional rainfall-runoff relations, defined through joint calibration of the rainfall-runoff model and verified for independent periods, presented in this report, allow estimation of runoff for watersheds in Du Page County with an error in the total water balance less than 4.0 percent; an average absolute error in the annual-flow estimates of 17.1 percent with the error rarely exceeding 25 percent for annual flows; and correlation coefficients and coefficients of model-fit efficiency for monthly flows of at least 87 and 76 percent, respectively. Close reproduction of the runoff-volume duration curves was obtained. A frequency analysis of storm-runoff volume indicates a tendency of the model to undersimulate large storms, which may result from underestimation of the amount of impervious land cover in the watershed and errors in measuring rainfall for convective storms. Overall, the results of regional calibration and verification of the rainfall-runoff model indicate the simulated rainfall-runoff relations are adequate for stormwater-management planning and design for watersheds in Du Page County.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984035","usgsCitation":"Duncker, J.J., and Melching, C.S., 1998, Regional rainfall-runoff relations for simulation of streamflow for watersheds in Du Page County, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4035, vi, 80 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984035.","productDescription":"vi, 80 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95624,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4035/report.pdf","size":"5358","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":1985,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://il.water.usgs.gov/pubsearch/reports.cgi/view?series=WRIR&number=98-4035","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":157430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4035/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db634e9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duncker, James J. 0000-0001-5464-7991 jduncker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5464-7991","contributorId":4316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncker","given":"James","email":"jduncker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":197189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Melching, Charles S.","contributorId":8135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melching","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29233,"text":"wri984000 - 1998 - Potentiometric surface of the Ozark Aquifer in northern Arkansas, 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:48","indexId":"wri984000","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4000","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Ozark Aquifer in northern Arkansas, 1995","docAbstract":"The Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas is comprised of dolostones, limestones, sandstones, and shales of Late Cambrian to Middle Devonian age, and ranges in thickness from approximately 1,100 feet to more than 4,000 feet. Hydrologically, the aquifer is complex, characterized by discrete and diffuse flow components with large spatial variations in porosity and permeability. Regionally, the flow within the aquifer is to the south and southeast in the eastern and central part of the study area and to the northwest and north in the western part of the study area. Within Arkansas, the potentiometric-surface map based on October- December 1995 data indicates maximum water-level altitudes of greater than 1,300 feet in Boone, Carroll, and Madison Counties and minimum water-level altitudes of less than 400 feet in Independence, Izard, Lawrence, Randolph, Sharp, and Stone Counties. Comparing the 1995 potentiometric-surface map with a predevelopment potentiometric- surface map (Imes, 199), indicates general agreement between the two surfaces except in parts of Benton and Sharp Counties. Water-level differences could be attributed to differences in the time of year in which the water-level data were collected, differences in pumping conditions just prior to water-level measurement, differences in interpretation resulting (in part) from greater number of water-level measurements used for this report than for Imes (1990), or erroneous water-level data.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984000","usgsCitation":"Pugh, A., 1998, Potentiometric surface of the Ozark Aquifer in northern Arkansas, 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4000, iii, 7 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984000.","productDescription":"iii, 7 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95753,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4000/report.pdf","size":"861","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":95754,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4000/plate-1.pdf","size":"951","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4000/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682f8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pugh, Aaron L. apugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":2480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pugh","given":"Aaron L.","email":"apugh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27737,"text":"wri984006 - 1998 - Assessment of ground-water vulnerability to atrazine leaching in Kent County, Michigan; review, comparison of results of other studies and verification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-06T16:20:03","indexId":"wri984006","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4006","title":"Assessment of ground-water vulnerability to atrazine leaching in Kent County, Michigan; review, comparison of results of other studies and verification","docAbstract":"Model assumptions and parameters used in an earlier study of the vulnerability of ground water in Kent County, Michigan, to atrazine contamination were reviewed and compared with other studies. The review indicated that model assumptions are consistent with those used in other models and that the parameters assigned in the Kent County model are within the broad range commonly found in the literature. Model assumptions most likely to limit the accuracy of the previous study include those of uniform transport and steady-state flow. Simulation results are more sensitive to parameter estimates for atrazine half life, organic-carbon content, and organic-carbon partition coefficient than to other model parameters.
Potential atrazine detection probabilities and concentrations of atrazine reported in the previous Kent County Study were compared with data from other studies. Detection probabilities of 14 measurements of atrazine concentrations in ground water from shallow wells in the southern Lower Peninsula of Michigan were compared with detection probabilities based on potential atrazine concentrations computed for Kent County. Results indicate that the distribution of detection probabilities based on measured concentrations is similar to that based on adjusted potential concentrations. Potential concentrations were adjusted for effects of differences between sampling and modeling depths and for differences between the uniform application rate used for potential concentrations and the percentage of Kent County that is likely to be treated with atrazine. Potential concentrations of atrazine in the Kent County Study were within the wide range of concentrations measured in other states.
A stratified random sampling strategy was developed to verify expected atrazine concentrations in ground water within Kent County. The strategy helps identify strata, determine the optimum allocation of ground-water samples within defined strata, and project the sampling error. Implementation of the strategy was illustrated by use of potential atrazine concentrations computed in the previous Kent County Study. Once detailed information on historical application rates of atrazine is developed, expected atrazine concentrations can be computed by use of the vulnerability model and used to implement the sampling strategy. Sampling results may be used to verify the effectiveness of the vulnerability model and local estimates of historical atrazine application rates by use of analysis of variance.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/wri984006","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Agriculture","usgsCitation":"Holtschlag, D., and Luukkonen, C.L., 1998, Assessment of ground-water vulnerability to atrazine leaching in Kent County, Michigan; review, comparison of results of other studies and verification: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4006, v, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984006.","productDescription":"v, 32 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":95669,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4006/report.pdf","size":"3504","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157632,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4006/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Kent County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.5639,43.294],[-85.445,43.294],[-85.3229,43.293],[-85.3147,43.2929],[-85.3143,43.206],[-85.3127,43.1182],[-85.3136,43.0304],[-85.3132,42.9436],[-85.311,42.8567],[-85.3112,42.7694],[-85.5485,42.7677],[-85.7839,42.7674],[-85.7881,43.0289],[-85.79,43.2035],[-85.7917,43.2923],[-85.6746,43.2929],[-85.5639,43.294]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Kent\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671f8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holtschlag, D. J. 0000-0001-5185-4928","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-4928","contributorId":102493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holtschlag","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luukkonen, C. L.","contributorId":28962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luukkonen","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29468,"text":"wri984018 - 1998 - One-Dimensional Transport with Inflow and Storage (OTIS): A Solute Transport Model for Streams and Rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:51","indexId":"wri984018","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4018","title":"One-Dimensional Transport with Inflow and Storage (OTIS): A Solute Transport Model for Streams and Rivers","docAbstract":"OTIS is a mathematical simulation model used to characterize the fate and transport of water-borne solutes in streams and rivers. The governing equation underlying the model is the advection-dispersion equation with additional terms to account for transient storage, lateral inflow, first-order decay, and sorption. This equation and the associated equations describing transient storage and sorption are solved using a Crank-Nicolson finite-difference solution. OTIS may be used in conjunction with data from field-scale tracer experiments to quantify the hydrologic parameters affecting solute transport. This application typically involves a trial-and-error approach wherein parameter estimates are adjusted to obtain an acceptable match between simulated and observed tracer concentrations. Additional applications include analyses of nonconservative solutes that are subject to sorption processes or first-order decay. OTIS-P, a modified version of OTIS, couples the solution of the governing equation with a nonlinear regression package. OTIS-P determines an optimal set of parameter estimates that minimize the squared differences between the simulated and observed concentrations, thereby automating the parameter estimation process. This report details the development and application of OTIS and OTIS-P. Sections of the report describe model theory, input/output specifications, sample applications, and installation instructions.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri984018","usgsCitation":"Runkel, R.L., 1998, One-Dimensional Transport with Inflow and Storage (OTIS): A Solute Transport Model for Streams and Rivers: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4018, v, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984018.","productDescription":"v, 73 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":95762,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4018/report.pdf","size":"4815","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4018/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f929f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28489,"text":"wri974252 - 1998 - Flood of January 19-20, 1996 in New York State","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri974252","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4252","title":"Flood of January 19-20, 1996 in New York State","docAbstract":"Heavy rain during January 18-19, 1996, combined with unseasonably warm temperatures that caused rapid snowmelt, resulted in widespread flooding throughout New York State. Damages to highways, bridges, and private property exceeded $100 million. The storm and flooding claimed 10 lives, stranded hundreds of people, destroyed or damaged thousands of homes and businesses, and closed hundreds of roads. Forty-one counties in New York were declared federal disaster areas. The most severely affected region was within and surrounding the Catskill Mountains. Damages and losses within Delaware County alone exceeded $20 million.More than 4.5 inches of rain fell on at least 45 inches of melting snow in the Catskill Mountain region during January 18-19 and caused major flooding in the area. The most destructive flooding was along Schoharie Creek and the East and West Branches of the Delaware River. Record peak discharges occurred at 57 U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations throughout New York. Maximum discharges at 15 sites, mostly within the Schoharie Creek and Delaware River basins, had recurrence intervals equal to or greater than 100 years. The storage of significant amounts of floodwater in several reservoirs sharply reduced peak discharges downstream. This report presents a summary of peak stages and discharges, precipitation maps, floodflow hydrographs, inflow-outflow hydrographs for several reservoirs, and flood profiles along 83 miles of Schoharie Creek from its headwaters in the Catskill Mountains to its mouth at the Mohawk River. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Service, [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974252","usgsCitation":"Lumia, R., 1998, Flood of January 19-20, 1996 in New York State: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4252, v, 61 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974252.","productDescription":"v, 61 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4252/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57287,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4252/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db6020c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lumia, Richard rlumia@usgs.gov","contributorId":4579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lumia","given":"Richard","email":"rlumia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":199897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28122,"text":"wri984017 - 1998 - Pesticides in storm runoff from agricultural and urban areas in the Tuolumne River basin in the vicinity of Modesto, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:41","indexId":"wri984017","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4017","title":"Pesticides in storm runoff from agricultural and urban areas in the Tuolumne River basin in the vicinity of Modesto, California","docAbstract":"The occurrence, concentrations, and loads of dissolved pesticides in storm runoff were compared for two contrasting land uses in the Tuolumne River Basin, California, during two different winter storms: agricultural areas (February 1994) and the Modesto urban area (February 1995). Both storms followed the main application period of pesticides on dormant almond orchards. Eight samples of runoff from agricultural areas were collected from a Tuolumne River site, and 10 samples of runoff from urban areas were collected from five storm drains. All samples were analyzed for 46 pesticides. Six pesticides were detected in runoff from agricultural areas, and 15 pesticides were detected in runoff from urban areas. Chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dacthal (DCPA), metolachlor, and simazine were detected in almost every sample. Median concentrations were higher in the runoff from urban areas for all pesticides except napropamide and simazine. The greater occurrence and concentrations in storm drains is partly attributed to dilution of agricultural runoff by nonstorm base-flow in the Tuolumne River and by storm runoff from nonagricultural and nonurban land. In most cases, the occurrence and relative concentrations of pesticides found in storm runoff from agricultural and urban areas were related to reported pesticide application.\r\nPesticide concentrations in runoff from agricultural areas were more variable during the storm hydrograph than were concentrations in runoff from urban areas. All peak pesticide concentrations in runoff from agricultural areas occurred during the rising limb of the storm hydrograph, whereas peak concentrations in the storm drains occurred at varying times during the storm hydrograph. Transport of pesticides from agricultural areas during the February 1994 storm exceeded transport from urban areas during the February 1995 storm for chlorpyrifos, diazinon, metolachlor, napropamide, and simazine. Transport of DCPA was about the same from agricultural and urban sources, and the main source of transport for the other pesticides could not be determined because of concentrations less than the method detection limit.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984017","usgsCitation":"Kratzer, C.R., 1998, Pesticides in storm runoff from agricultural and urban areas in the Tuolumne River basin in the vicinity of Modesto, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4017, vi, 17 p. :col. ill., maps (some col) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984017.","productDescription":"vi, 17 p. :col. ill., maps (some col) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95698,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4017/report.pdf","size":"3608","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158747,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4017/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cc5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kratzer, Charles R.","contributorId":30619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kratzer","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":199259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32296,"text":"ofr98616 - 1998 - Multibeam bathymetric and backscatter maps of the upper Hudson Shelf Valley and adjacent shelf, offshore of New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T12:22:02","indexId":"ofr98616","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-616","title":"Multibeam bathymetric and backscatter maps of the upper Hudson Shelf Valley and adjacent shelf, offshore of New York","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr98616","usgsCitation":"Butman, B., Danforth, W.W., Schwab, W.C., and Buchholtz ten Brink, M.R., 1998, Multibeam bathymetric and backscatter maps of the upper Hudson Shelf Valley and adjacent shelf, offshore of New York (Online version): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-616, Unpaginated online; 10 remote-sensing images on 4 sheets : col. ; 86 x 63 cm. or smaller, sheets 107 x 92 cm. and 91 x 106 cm., folded to 23 x 27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98616.","productDescription":"Unpaginated online; 10 remote-sensing images on 4 sheets : col. ; 86 x 63 cm. or smaller, sheets 107 x 92 cm. and 91 x 106 cm., folded to 23 x 27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3292,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/of98-616/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"25000","edition":"Online version","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4866","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butman, Bradford 0000-0002-4174-2073 bbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-2073","contributorId":943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"Bradford","email":"bbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":208181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Danforth, W. 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