{"pageNumber":"345","pageRowStart":"8600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11004,"records":[{"id":12289,"text":"ofr86139 - 1985 - Selected hydrologic data from wells in the East Shore area of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T16:35:53","indexId":"ofr86139","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-139","title":"Selected hydrologic data from wells in the East Shore area of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1985","docAbstract":"<p>This report contains hydrologic data for wells collected in the East Shore area of the Great Salt Lake, Utah. It includes water-quality data, discharge measurements, water levels, and drillers* logs. The East Shore area (plate 1) includes about 430 square miles, bounded by the Wasatch Range on the east and the Great Salt Lake on the west. The first section line north of the town of Willard is the northern boundary, whereas the Davis-Salt Lake County line is the southern boundary. </p><p>Most of the data in this report were collected from 1983 to 1985 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights. Some of the data were previously published by Smith (1961) or Bolke and Waddell (1972). </p><p>The purpose of this report is to provide ground-water data for use by officials managing water resources and the general public and to supplement an interpretive report for the area that will be published later. From tables 1- 5 of this report, determinations can be made for the depth to water-bearing units, water levels in wells, well yields, or chemical quality of ground water at the sites shown on plate 1. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/ofr86139","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Plantz, G.G., Appel, C.L., Clark, D.W., Lambert, P.M., and Puryear, R.L., 1985, Selected hydrologic data from wells in the East Shore area of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-139, Report: iv, 75 p.; Plate: 20.16 in. x 30.48 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86139.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 75 p.; Plate: 20.16 in. x 30.48 in.","numberOfPages":"79","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":143678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0139/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40511,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0139/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40512,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0139/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f89e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plantz, Gerald G.","contributorId":96149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plantz","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Appel, Cynthia L.","contributorId":34509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Appel","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, David W.","contributorId":77146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lambert, Patrick M. 0000-0001-6808-2303 plambert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6808-2303","contributorId":349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"Patrick","email":"plambert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":165792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Puryear, Robert L.","contributorId":85191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puryear","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":28232,"text":"wri854155 - 1985 - A preliminary assessment of land-surface subsidence in the El Paso area, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T12:49:42","indexId":"wri854155","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4155","title":"A preliminary assessment of land-surface subsidence in the El Paso area, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The northeast and southeast parts of the El Paso area are underlain by Hueco bolson deposits as much as 9,000 feet thick. The deposits consist of lenses of gravel, sand, silt, and clay. In the Rio Grande Valley, about 400 to 450 feet of these deposits have been eroded and replaced with as much as 200 feet of alluvium. Ground water in the shallow alluvial aquifer in the Rio Grande Valley and in the Hueco bolson aquifer outside the valley is under water-table conditions, whereas ground water in the bolson aquifer in the valley is under leaky artesian conditions. Maximum water-level declines in the Hueco bolson aquifer are 110 feet east of the Franklin Mountains and 150 feet in the downtown El Paso area. For the shallow aquifer, the maximum declines have been 125 feet in the downtown area. Compressable materials in the freshwater zone of the aquifer range from 50 to 450 feet.</p>\n<p>Recharge from the Rio Grande to the shallow alluvial aquifer has increased from an estimated 15,000 acre-feet during 1968 to 30,000 acre-feet during 1983, an increase of about 1,000 acre-feet per year. Leakage from the Rio Grande is expected to continually increase in the near future because of a continued decline in ground-water levels. The amount of leakages from the canals is much less than from the river.</p>\n<p>Releveling of bench marks along lines to the northeast and the southeast of the Rio Grande, and along its channel commonly show land subsidence of about 0.2 foot. The maximum measured subsidence is 0.41 foot along the river in the Chamizal zone. No subsidence was detected at the Riverside Diversion Dam. A comparison of subsidence, water-level declines, and clay thickness along the three survey lines shows the expected correlation of greater subsidence with thicker accumulated clay material for a given decline in water levels. The preconsolidation stress was expected to range from 85 to 115 feet of water-level decline on the basis of subsidence studies in Arizona and California. A study of specific-unit compaction along the three survey lines shows that the values usually range between 1.0 to 2.5 x 10-5 feet per feet squared. These values are comparable to the ones computed in the Tulare-Wasco, California, and Houston-Galveston, Texas, areas following the exceedance of the local preconsolidation stress. Because of this comparability, the specific-unit compaction for future periods in the El Paso area probably will not increase dramatically when the preconsolidation stress is exceeded, if it has not already been exceeded.</p>\n<p>In addition to regional subsidence, local subsidence is indicated by observable surface fractures but has not been verified by precise leveling. These local areas coincide with areas that historically were swamps along the Rio Grande.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri854155","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Land, L.F., and Armstrong, C.A., 1985, A preliminary assessment of land-surface subsidence in the El Paso area, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4155, vi, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854155.","productDescription":"vi, 96 p.","numberOfPages":"108","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":57062,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4155/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4155/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"El Paso","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.32293701171874,\n              31.647536225797772\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.35314941406249,\n              31.701882151861714\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.37443542480469,\n              31.71122878128754\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.38198852539062,\n              31.73400724374667\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.45271301269531,\n              31.764369817056387\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.468505859375,\n              31.76145077153307\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.47468566894531,\n              31.750941445321764\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.48773193359375,\n              31.74918977495709\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.50421142578125,\n              31.756780107186728\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.51588439941406,\n              31.770791393089315\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.52961730957031,\n              31.783633207994736\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.53648376464844,\n              31.94633593313394\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.32980346679686,\n              31.94808386339691\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.32293701171874,\n              31.647536225797772\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6aaf25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Land, L. F.","contributorId":17253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Land","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Armstrong, C. A.","contributorId":66231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28641,"text":"wri844239 - 1985 - Potential effects of surface coal mining on the hydrology of the Horse Creek area, Sheridan and Moorhead coal fields, southeastern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T22:58:50.636271","indexId":"wri844239","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4239","title":"Potential effects of surface coal mining on the hydrology of the Horse Creek area, Sheridan and Moorhead coal fields, southeastern Montana","docAbstract":"The Horse Creek area of the Sheridan and Moorhead coal fields, 16 miles east of the Decker Coal Mines near the Tongue River, contains large reserves of Federally owned coal that have been identified for potential lease sale. A hydrologic study was conducted in the area to describe existing hydrologic systems and to assess potential impacts of surface coal mining on local water resources. Hydrologic data collected from private wells, observation wells, test holes, and springs indicate that the aquifers are primarily coal and sandstone beds in the upper part of the Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation (Paleocene age) and sand and gravel of valley alluvium (Pleistocene and Holocene age). Surface-water resources are mostly limited to a few stock ponds receiving discharge from springs in the higher ports of the area. Two stock wells, one spring, and three stock ponds receiving discharge from springs supply most of the water used within the Horse Creek basin; the only use is watering of livestock. Mining of the Anderson and Dietz coal beds would destroy one stock well and two ponds receiving discharge from springs, and would lower the potentiometric surface within the coal and sandstone aquifers. Although mining would alter existing hydrologic systems, alternative deeper water supplies are available. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844239","usgsCitation":"McClymonds, N.E., 1985, Potential effects of surface coal mining on the hydrology of the Horse Creek area, Sheridan and Moorhead coal fields, southeastern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4239, v, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844239.","productDescription":"v, 61 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":57476,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4239/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":120072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4239/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":393996,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36088.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Horse Creek area, Sheridan and Moorhead coal fields","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.492,\n              45.075\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.305,\n              45.075\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.305,\n              45.158\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.492,\n              45.158\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.492,\n              45.075\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a83d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McClymonds, N. E.","contributorId":94653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClymonds","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26914,"text":"wri854205 - 1985 - Effects of surface coal mining and reclamation on ground water in small watersheds in the Allegheny Plateau, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:23","indexId":"wri854205","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4205","title":"Effects of surface coal mining and reclamation on ground water in small watersheds in the Allegheny Plateau, Ohio","docAbstract":"The hydrologic effects of surface coal mining in unlimited areas is difficult to predict, partly because of a lack of adequate data collected before and after mining and reclamation. In order to help provide data to assess the effects of surface mining on the hydrology of small basins in the coal fields of the eastern United States, the U.S. Bureau of Mines sponsored a comprehensive hydrologic study at three sites in the Ohio part of the Eastern Coal Province. These sites are within the unqlaciated part of the Allegheny Plateau, and are representative of similar coal-producing areas in Kentucky, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania. The U.S. Geological Survey was responsible for the ground-water phase of the study.\r\n\r\nThe aquifer system at each watershed consisted of two localized perched aquifers (top and middle) above a deeper, more regional aquifer. The premining top aquifer was destroyed by mining in each case, and was replaced by spoils during reclamation.\r\n\r\nThe spoils formed new top aquifers that were slowly becoming resaturated at the end of the study period. Water levels in the aquifers were about the same after reclamation as before mining, although levels rose in a few places. It appears that the underclay at the base of the new top aquifers at all three sites prevents significant downward leakage from the top aquifers to lower except in places where the layer may have been damaged during mining.\r\n\r\nWater in the top aquifers is a calcium sulfate type, whereas calcium bicarbonate type water predominated before mining. The median specific conductance of water in the new top aquifers was about 5 times greater than that of the original top aquifers in two of the watersheds, and 1 1/2 times the level of the original top aquifers in the third. Concentrations of dissolved sulfate, iron, and manganese in the top aquifers before mining generally did not exceed U.S. and Ohio Environmental Protection Agency drinking-water limits, but generally exceeded these limits after reclamation. Water-quality changes in the middle aquifers were minor by comparison. Water levels and water quality in the deeper, regional aquifers were unaffected by mining.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854205","usgsCitation":"Eberle, M., and Razem, A., 1985, Effects of surface coal mining and reclamation on ground water in small watersheds in the Allegheny Plateau, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4205, iv, 13 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854205.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123445,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4205/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55796,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4205/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c90a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eberle, Michael","contributorId":39770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberle","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Razem, A. C.","contributorId":34924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Razem","given":"A. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":11907,"text":"ofr85598 - 1985 - Analytical results and sample-locality map of stream-sediment, heavy-mineral-concentrate, and water samples from the Sulphur Creek (I), Sulphur Creek (M), Sulphur Creek East, and Loon Creek Additions to the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness, Custer, Lemhi, and Valley counties, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-20T19:50:35.770747","indexId":"ofr85598","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-598","title":"Analytical results and sample-locality map of stream-sediment, heavy-mineral-concentrate, and water samples from the Sulphur Creek (I), Sulphur Creek (M), Sulphur Creek East, and Loon Creek Additions to the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness, Custer, Lemhi, and Valley counties, Idaho","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85598","usgsCitation":"Adrian, B.M., Roemer, T.A., Gray, J., and Eppinger, R., 1985, Analytical results and sample-locality map of stream-sediment, heavy-mineral-concentrate, and water samples from the Sulphur Creek (I), Sulphur Creek (M), Sulphur Creek East, and Loon Creek Additions to the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness, Custer, Lemhi, and Valley counties, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-598, Report: 95 p.; 1 Plate: 41.75 × 27.57 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85598.","productDescription":"Report: 95 p.; 1 Plate: 41.75 × 27.57 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":39850,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0598/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":39849,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0598/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0598/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":388252,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16854.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Frank Church-River Of No Return Wilderness","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.3750,\n              44.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.6250,\n              44.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.6250,\n              44.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3750,\n              44.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3750,\n              44.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4885e4b07f02db519105","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adrian, B. M.","contributorId":71535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adrian","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roemer, T. A.","contributorId":72784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roemer","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gray, J. C.","contributorId":100400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eppinger, R. G.","contributorId":100837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"R. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":26880,"text":"wri854236 - 1985 - Effects of climate, vegetation, and soils on consumptive water use and ground-water recharge to the Central Midwest Regional aquifer system, mid-continent United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-06T20:43:25.128697","indexId":"wri854236","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4236","title":"Effects of climate, vegetation, and soils on consumptive water use and ground-water recharge to the Central Midwest Regional aquifer system, mid-continent United States","docAbstract":"<p>The Central Midwest aquifer system, in parts of Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, South Dakota, and Texas, is a region of great hydrologic diversity. This study examines the relationships between climate, vegetation, and soil that affect consumptive water use and recharge to the groundwater system. Computations of potential recharge and consumptive water use were restricted to those areas where the aquifers under consideration were the immediate underlying system. The principal method of analysis utilized a soil moisture computer model. This model requires four types of input: (1) hydrologic properties of the soils, (2) vegetation types, (3) monthly precipitation, and (4) computed monthly potential evapotranspiration (PET) values. The climatic factors that affect consumptive water use and recharge were extensively mapped for the study area. Nearly all the pertinent climatic elements confirmed the extreme diversity of the region. PET and those factors affecting it--solar radiation, temperature, and humidity--showed large regional differences; mean annual PET ranged from 36 to 70 inches in the study area. The seasonal climatic patterns indicate significant regional differences in those factors affecting seasonal consumptive water use and recharge. In the southern and western parts of the study area, consumptive water use occurred nearly the entire year; whereas, in northern parts it occurred primarily during the warm season (April through September). Results of the soil-moisture program, which added the effects of vegetation and the hydrologic characteristics of the soil to computed PET values, confirmed the significant regional differences in consumptive water use or actual evapotranspiration (AET) and potential groundwater recharge. Under two different vegetative conditions--the 1978 conditions and pre-agricultural conditions consisting of only grassland and woodland--overall differences in recharge were minimal. Mean annual recharge under both conditions averaged slightly more than 4.5 inches for the entire study area, but ranged from less than 0.10 inches in eastern Colorado to slightly more than 15 inches in Arkansas.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854236","usgsCitation":"Dugan, J.T., and Peckenpaugh, J.M., 1985, Effects of climate, vegetation, and soils on consumptive water use and ground-water recharge to the Central Midwest Regional aquifer system, mid-continent United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4236, viii, 78 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854236.","productDescription":"viii, 78 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":55772,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4236/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123496,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4236/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":411521,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36384.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, South Dakota, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Central Midwest Regional aquifer system","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -105,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -105,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -91,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -91,\n              43\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2fe4b07f02db616147","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dugan, J. T.","contributorId":67890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peckenpaugh, J. M.","contributorId":69559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peckenpaugh","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27937,"text":"wri854263 - 1985 - Transit losses and traveltimes for water-supply releases from Marion Lake during drought conditions, Cottonwood River, east-central Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T21:28:07.938796","indexId":"wri854263","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4263","title":"Transit losses and traveltimes for water-supply releases from Marion Lake during drought conditions, Cottonwood River, east-central Kansas","docAbstract":"<p>A streamflow routing model was used to calculate the transit losses and traveltimes. Channel and aquifer characteristics, and the model control parameters, were estimated from available data and then verified to the extent possible by comparing model simulated streamflow to observed streamflow at streamflow gaging stations. Transit losses and traveltimes for varying reservoir release rates and durations then were simulated for two different antecedent streamflow (drought) conditions. For the severe-drought antecedent-streamflow condition, it was assumed that only the downstream water use requirement would be released from the reservoir. For a less severe drought (LSD) antecedent streamflow condition, it was assumed than any releases from Marion Lake for water supply use downstream, would be in addition to a nominal dry weather release of 5 cu ft/sec. Water supply release rates of 10 and 25 cu ft/sec for the severe drought condition and 5, 10, and 25 cu ft/sec for the less severe drought condition were simulated for periods of 28 and 183 days commencing on July 1. Transit losses for the severe drought condition for all reservoir release rates and durations ranged from 12% to 78% of the maximum downstream flow rate and from 27% to 91% of the total volume of reservoir storage released. For the LSD condition, transit losses ranged from 7% to 29% of the maximum downstream flow rate and from 10% to 48% of the total volume of release. The 183-day releases had larger total transit losses, but losses on a percentage basis were less than the losses for the 28-day release period for both antecedent streamflow conditions. Traveltimes to full response (80% of the maximum downstream flow rate), however, showed considerable variation. For the release of 5 cu ft/sec during LSD conditions, base flow exceeded 80% of the maximum flow rate near the confluence; the traveltime to full response was undefined for those simulations. For the releases of 10 and 25 cu ft/sec during the same drought condition, traveltimes to full response ranged from 4.4 to 6.5 days. For releases of 10 and 25 cu ft/sec during severe drought conditions, traveltimes to full response near the confluence with the Neosho River ranged from 8.3 to 93 days.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854263","usgsCitation":"Jordan, P.R., and Hart, R.J., 1985, Transit losses and traveltimes for water-supply releases from Marion Lake during drought conditions, Cottonwood River, east-central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4263, vi, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854263.","productDescription":"vi, 41 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394144,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36405.htm"},{"id":56751,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4263/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4263/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Cottonwood River, Marion Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.083,\n              38.221\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.017,\n              38.221\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.017,\n              38.433\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.083,\n              38.433\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.083,\n              38.221\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db697f48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jordan, P. R.","contributorId":7282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, R. J.","contributorId":62607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28424,"text":"wri854146 - 1985 - Summary of northern Atlantic Coastal Plain hydrology and its relation to disposal of high-level radioactive waste in buried crystalline rock – A preliminary appraisal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T22:25:16.309266","indexId":"wri854146","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4146","title":"Summary of northern Atlantic Coastal Plain hydrology and its relation to disposal of high-level radioactive waste in buried crystalline rock – A preliminary appraisal","docAbstract":"Interpretation of available hydrologic data suggests that some areas beneath the Coastal Plain in the States of Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Virginia might have some potential for the disposal of nuclear waste in crystalline rock that is buried beneath the Coastal Plain sediments. The areas of major interest occur where the top of the basement rock lies between 1,000 and 4,000 feet below sea level, the aquifer(s) immediately above the basement rock are saturated with saline water, confining material overlies the saline water bearing aquifer(s), and groundwater flow in the saline water aquifer(s) can be established. Preliminary data on (1) the distribution and thickness of the lowermost aquifers and confining beds, (2) the distribution of hydraulic conductivity in the lowermost aquifers, (3) estimated hydraulic heads and inferred direction of lateral groundwater flow for 1980, and (4) the distribution of saline water and brine, indicate eastern parts of the study area relatively best meet most of the criteria proposed for sediments that would overlie any potential buried crystalline-rock disposal site.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854146","usgsCitation":"Lloyd, O., Larson, J.D., and Davis, R.W., 1985, Summary of northern Atlantic Coastal Plain hydrology and its relation to disposal of high-level radioactive waste in buried crystalline rock – A preliminary appraisal: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4146, vi, 132 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854146.","productDescription":"vi, 132 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392912,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36309.htm"},{"id":57227,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4146/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4146/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.5,\n              33.833\n            ],\n            [\n              -74,\n              33.833\n            ],\n            [\n              -74,\n              40.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.5,\n              40.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.5,\n              33.833\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a55ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lloyd, O. B.","contributorId":75189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lloyd","given":"O. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larson, J. D.","contributorId":83084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"J.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, R. W.","contributorId":93459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":16561,"text":"ofr84144B - 1985 - Streamflow statistics and drainage-basin characteristics for the Puget Sound Region, Washington, volume II. Eastern Puget Sound from Seattle to the Canadian border","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-23T20:14:35.432569","indexId":"ofr84144B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-144","chapter":"B","title":"Streamflow statistics and drainage-basin characteristics for the Puget Sound Region, Washington, volume II. Eastern Puget Sound from Seattle to the Canadian border","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84144B","usgsCitation":"Williams, J., Pearson, H.E., and Wilson, J.D., 1985, Streamflow statistics and drainage-basin characteristics for the Puget Sound Region, Washington, volume II. Eastern Puget Sound from Seattle to the Canadian border: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-144, Report: iii, 420 p.; 1 Plate: 29.72 × 23.83 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84144B.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 420 p.; 1 Plate: 29.72 × 23.83 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0144b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45552,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0144b/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45553,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0144b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":389434,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13290.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound Region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.662109375,\n              46.98025235521883\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.55273437499999,\n              46.98025235521883\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.55273437499999,\n              48.980216985374994\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.662109375,\n              48.980216985374994\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.662109375,\n              46.98025235521883\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4d32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, John R.","contributorId":41832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearson, H. E.","contributorId":52970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearson","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, J. D.","contributorId":25154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27432,"text":"wri854182 - 1985 - Simulated effects of projected pumping on the availability of freshwater in the Evangeline Aquifer in an area southwest of Corpus Christi, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T14:55:58","indexId":"wri854182","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4182","title":"Simulated effects of projected pumping on the availability of freshwater in the Evangeline Aquifer in an area southwest of Corpus Christi, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>This study is an investigation of the continued availability of freshwater in the Evangeline aquifer along the Texas Gulf Coast and the potential for degradation of the water quality by salinewater intrusion. Recharge to the aquifer occurs by the infiltration of precipitation in the outcrop area and by cross-formational flow from deeper aquifers. The predevelopment recharge rate is about 6 to 8 cubic feet per second. The predevelopment flow is toward the coast. The flow is semiconfined in the outcrop area and confined underneath the Chicot aquifer in the eastern two-thirds of the study area. Discharge, under natural conditions, is upward into the Chicot aquifer and to the Nueces River or Gulf of Mexico. Intensive pumping by irrigators, industries, and municipalities over the last 80 years has created a cone of depression as deep as 219 feet below sea level under the city of Kingsville in Kleberg County. The total rate of pumpage in 1982 was 29.6 cubic feet per second.</p>\n<p>A mathematical model of the flow and water quality in the Evangel ine aquifer was developed using available data to simulate the historical effect of pumping on the potentiometric surface and water quality, and to simulate the effect of projected pumping on the potentiometric surface and water quality to the year 2020. The water quality in the aquifer is only marginally suitable for drinking water. The chloride concentration before development in the 1930's and 1940's, ranged from 9 to 1,971 milligrams per liter. The mean chloride concentration was 353 (standard deviation 262) milligrams per liter. The potential sources of water-quality degradation on a regional scale are: Salinewater intrusion from under the Gulf of Mexico; movement of poor quality water within outlying sections of the aquifer; and downward leakage from the overlying Chicot aquifer. Leakage from the Chicot is the most likely to cause serious regional water-quality degradation. Other local potential sources of contamination are: Leaky well casings, oil-field brine disposal, water movement along faults, and in-situ uranium mining. These sources might create some local water-quality degradation. The results of the historical period simulation indicate, as do current field data, that little or no significant deterioration has occurred in the water quality of the Evangeline aquifer.</p>\n<p>The simulations and the sensitivity tests of the aquifer properties, conditions, and assumptions indicate that vertical conductivity of the Chicot aquifer is the most sensitive and least well known part of the system. The storage coefficient of the Evangeline aquifer and the aggregate thickness of high-conductivity sand layers within the aquifer as well as the vertical distribution of these layers are also important properties that are not well known.</p>\n<p>Two simulations of the projected pumping a low estimate, as much as 46.2 cubic feet per second during 2011-20; and a high estimate, as much as 60.0 cubic feet per second during the same period indicate that no further regional water-quality deterioration is likely to occur. Many important properties and conditions are estimated from poor or insufficient field data, and possible ranges of these properties and conditions are tested. In spite of the errors and data deficiencies, the results are based on the best estimates currently available. The reliability of the conclusions rests on the adequacy of the data and the demonstrated sensitivity of the model results to errors in estimates of these properties.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri854182","usgsCitation":"Groschen, G.E., 1985, Simulated effects of projected pumping on the availability of freshwater in the Evangeline Aquifer in an area southwest of Corpus Christi, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4182, Report: vi, 103 p.; 2 Plates: 14.88 x 11.13 inches and 23.72 x 13.99 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854182.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 103 p.; 2 Plates: 14.88 x 11.13 inches and 23.72 x 13.99 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":56293,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4182/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4182/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56294,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4182/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56295,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4182/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Corpus Christi","otherGeospatial":"Evangeline Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.41278076171875,\n              26.917171977972313\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.41278076171875,\n              27.928900753321876\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.19879150390625,\n              27.928900753321876\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.20428466796875,\n              26.909824671240692\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.41278076171875,\n              26.917171977972313\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f35b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Groschen, George E.","contributorId":99132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groschen","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":12402,"text":"ofr85293 - 1985 - Analytical results and sample locality map of stream-sediment and heavy-mineral-concentrate samples from the Chuckwalla Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-348), Riverside County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-14T15:02:36","indexId":"ofr85293","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-293","title":"Analytical results and sample locality map of stream-sediment and heavy-mineral-concentrate samples from the Chuckwalla Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-348), Riverside County, California","docAbstract":"<p>In March 1982, we conducted a reconnaissance geochemical survey of the Chuckwalla Mountains Wilderness Study Area, Riverside County, California.</p><p>The Chuckwalla Mountains Wilderness Study Area comprises about 90 mi<sup>2</sup> (233 km) in the southeast corner of Riverside County, California, and lies just south of Interstate Highway 10 at Desert Center, California, which is approximately 180 mi east-southeast of Los Angeles (see figure 1)</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85293","usgsCitation":"Adrian, B.M., Day, G., and Watts, K.C., 1985, Analytical results and sample locality map of stream-sediment and heavy-mineral-concentrate samples from the Chuckwalla Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-348), Riverside County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-293, Report: 35 p.; 1 Plate: 31.92 x 27.48 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85293.","productDescription":"Report: 35 p.; 1 Plate: 31.92 x 27.48 inches","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":40635,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0293/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Map of stream-sediment and heavy-mineral-concentrate sample sites, Chuckwalla Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-348), Riverside County, California"},{"id":40636,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0293/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144832,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0293/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Riverside County","otherGeospatial":"Chuckwalla Mountains Wilderness Study Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.6,\n              33.4\n            ],\n            [\n              -115,\n              33.4\n            ],\n            [\n              -115,\n             33.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.6,\n              33.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.6,\n              33.4\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67eca9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adrian, B. M.","contributorId":71535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adrian","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, G.W.","contributorId":63363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watts, K. C.","contributorId":49344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"K.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":2532,"text":"wsp2232 - 1985 - Ground water in Utah's densely populated Wasatch Front area - The challenge and the choices","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T17:11:23","indexId":"wsp2232","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2232","title":"Ground water in Utah's densely populated Wasatch Front area - The challenge and the choices","docAbstract":"<p>Utah's Wasatch Front area comprises about 4,000 square miles in the north-central part of the State. I n 1980, the area had a population of more than 1.1 million, or about 77 percent of Utah's total population. It contains several large cities, including Salt Lake City, Ogden, and Provo, and is commonly called Utah's urban corridor.</p><p>Most of the water supply for the Wasatch Front area comes from streams that originate in the Wasatch Range and nearby Uinta Mountains; however, ground water has played an important role in the economic growth of the area. The principal source of ground water is the unconsolidated fill (sedimentary deposits) in the valleys of the Wasatch Front area northern Juab, Utah, Goshen, and Salt Lake Valleys; the East Shore area (a valley area east of the Great Salt Lake), and the Bear River Bay area. Maximum saturated thickness of the fill in the principal ground-water reservoirs in these valleys exceeds 6,000 feet, and the estimated volume of water that can be withdrawn from just the upper 100 feet of the saturated fill is about 8 million acre-feet. In most places the water is fresh, containing less than 1,000 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids; in much of the Bear River Bay area and most of Goshen Valley (and locally in the other valleys), the water is slightly to moderately saline, with 1,000 to 10,000 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids.</p><p>The principal ground-water reservoirs receive recharge at an annual rate that is estimated to exceed 1 million acre-feet chiefly as seepage from consolidated rocks in the adjacent mountains from canals, ditches, and irrigated land, directly from precipitation, and from streams. Discharge during 1980 (which was chiefly from springs, seepage to streams, evapotranspiration, and withdrawal by wells) was estimated to be about 1.1 million acre-feet. Withdrawal from wells, which began within a few years after the arrival of the Mormon pioneers in the Salt Lake Valley in 1847, and had increased to about 320,000 acre-feet during 1979. Additional withdrawals from wells may cause water levels to decline, possibly leading to such problems as conflicts among water-right owners, increased pumping costs, land subsidence, and deterioration of ground-water quality. Some of these problems cannot be avoided if the principal ground-water reservoirs are to be fully used; however, management practices such as artificial ground-water recharge in intensivelypumped areas may help to alleviate those problems. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp2232","usgsCitation":"Price, D., 1985, Ground water in Utah's densely populated Wasatch Front area - The challenge and the choices: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2232, vii, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2232.","productDescription":"vii, 71 p.","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":139112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2232/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28758,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2232/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Wasatch Front","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dacb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, Don","contributorId":30608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Don","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26511,"text":"wri854003 - 1985 - Transit losses and traveltimes for reservoir releases during drought conditions along the Neosho River from Council Grove Lake to Iola, east-central Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-02T21:23:29.205216","indexId":"wri854003","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4003","title":"Transit losses and traveltimes for reservoir releases during drought conditions along the Neosho River from Council Grove Lake to Iola, east-central Kansas","docAbstract":"Knowledge of the transit losses and water-wave traveltimes in the Neosho River for varying reservoir-release volumes and durations is necessary for proper management of water supply. Two reaches were studied along the Neosho River in east-central Kansas. The upper reach is from Council Grove Lake to John Redmond Reservoir, a distance of 83.0 river miles. The lower reach is from John Redmond Reservoir to Iola, Kansas, a distance of 56.3 river miles. Channel and aquifer characteristics were estimated from available data and used in a streamflow routing model. These estimated characteristics were verified using the model by comparing simulated reservoir releases to observed reservoir releases. The verified model then was used to simulate transit losses (or gains) and traveltimes for selected reservoir release volumes and durations from Council Grove Lake to Iola. Transit losses and traveltimes were investigated for the selected reservoir releases while under a severe drought antecedent streamflow condition (zero base flow) and a less severe drought antecedent streamflow condition (2% drought base flows). The largest total transit loss from Council Grove Lake to Iola occurred during the severe drought antecedent streamflow condition, small reservoir release rates, and long reservoir release durations. The total transit loss included water that was temporarily lost to bank storage. For a severe drought condition, transit losses ranged from 1,100 acre-ft for a release volume of 1,840 acre-ft for a duration of 50 days to 6 ,280 acre-ft for a release volume of 6,280 acre-ft for a duration of 365 days. For a less severe drought condition, transit losses ranged from 860 acre-ft to 3,234 acre-ft for the same release volumes and durations as for the severe drought condition. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854003","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., and Hart, R.J., 1985, Transit losses and traveltimes for reservoir releases during drought conditions along the Neosho River from Council Grove Lake to Iola, east-central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4003, vi, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854003.","productDescription":"vi, 40 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391291,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36202.htm"},{"id":55381,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4003/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157854,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4003/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","city":"Iola","otherGeospatial":"Council Grove Lake, Neosho River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.5,\n              37.829\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.383,\n              37.829\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.383,\n              38.705\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.5,\n              38.705\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.5,\n              37.829\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f5e4b07f02db5f0b38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carswell, W. J.","contributorId":71213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, R. J.","contributorId":62607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":13391,"text":"ofr85338 - 1985 - Hydrologic and geochemical data for the Big Brown lignite mine area, Freestone County, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-12T13:41:15","indexId":"ofr85338","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-338","title":"Hydrologic and geochemical data for the Big Brown lignite mine area, Freestone County, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Lignite mining in east and east-central Texas is increasing in response to increased energy needs throughout the State. Associated with the increase in mining activities is a greater need to know the effects of mining activities on the water quantity and quality of near-surface aquifers. The near-surface lignite beds mined at the Big Brown Lignite Mine are from the Calvert Bluff Formation of the Wilcox Group of Eocene age, which is a minor aquifer generally having water suitable for all uses, in eastern Freestone County, Texas. One of the potential hydro!ogic effects of surface-coal mining is a change in the quality of ground water associated with replacement of aquifer materials by mine spoils. The purpose of this report is to compile and categorize geologic, mineralogic, geochemical, and hydrologic data for the Big Brown Lignite Mine and surrounding area in east-central Texas. Included are results of pasteextract analyses, constituent concentrations in water from batch-mixing experiments, sulfur analyses, and minerals or mineral groups detected by X-ray diffraction in 12 spoil material samples collected from 3 locations at the mine site. Also, common-constituent and trace-constituent concentrations in water from eight selected wells, located updip and downdip from the mine, are presented. Dissolved-solids concentrations in water from batch-mixing experiments vary from 12 to 908 milligrams per liter. Water from selected wells contain dissolved-solids concentrations ranging from 75 to 510 milligrams per liter.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr85338","usgsCitation":"Dorsey, M.E., 1985, Hydrologic and geochemical data for the Big Brown lignite mine area, Freestone County, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-338, Report: iv, 17 p.; 2 Plates: 23.17 x 17.62 inches and 23.92 x 17.92 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85338.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 17 p.; 2 Plates: 23.17 x 17.62 inches and 23.92 x 17.92 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":41818,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0338/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":41819,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0338/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":41820,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0338/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145440,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0338/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db62757e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorsey, Michael E.","contributorId":101739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorsey","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2788,"text":"wsp2217 - 1985 - Evaluation of major dike-impounded ground-water reservoirs, Island of Oahu","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":11397,"text":"ofr811119 - 1981 - Evaluation of major dike-impounded ground-water reservoirs, Island of Oahu, with a section on flow hydraulics in dike tunnels in Hawaii","indexId":"ofr811119","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Evaluation of major dike-impounded ground-water reservoirs, Island of Oahu, with a section on flow hydraulics in dike tunnels in Hawaii"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2788,"text":"wsp2217 - 1985 - Evaluation of major dike-impounded ground-water reservoirs, Island of Oahu","indexId":"wsp2217","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Evaluation of major dike-impounded ground-water reservoirs, Island of Oahu"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-14T18:34:00.298716","indexId":"wsp2217","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2217","title":"Evaluation of major dike-impounded ground-water reservoirs, Island of Oahu","docAbstract":"Ground-water reservoirs impounded by volcanic dikes receive a substantial part of the total recharge to ground water on the island of Oahu because they generally underlie the rainiest areas. These reservoirs accumulate the infiltration from rainfall, store it temporarily, and steadily leak it to abutting basal reservoirs or to streams cutting into them. The dike reservoirs have high hydraulic heads and are mostly isolated from saline water.\r\n\r\nThe most important and productive of the dike-impounded reservoirs are in an area of about 135 square miles in the main fissure zone of the Koolau volcano where the top of the dike-impounded water reaches an altitude of at least 1,000 feet. Water is impounded and stored both above and below sea level. The water stored above sea level in the 135 square mile area has been roughly estimated at 560 billion gallons. In comparison, the water stored above sea level in reservoirs underlying a dike-intruded area of about 53 square miles in the Waianae Range has been roughly estimated at 100 billion gallons. Storage below sea level is indeterminable, owing to uncertainties about the ability of the rock to store water as dike density increases and porosity decreases.\r\n\r\nTunnels, by breaching dike controls, have reduced the water stored above sea level by at least 50 billion gallons in the Koolau Range and by 5 1/2 billion gallons in the Waianae Range, only a small part of the total water stored.\r\n\r\nTotal leakage from storage in the Koolau Range has been estimated at about 280 Mgal/d (million gallons per day). This estimated leakage from the dike-impounded reservoirs makes up a significant part of the ground-water yield of the Koolau Range, which has been estimated to range from 450 to 580 Mgal/d. The largest unused surface leakage is in the Kaneohe, Kahana, and Punaluu areas, and the largest unused underflow occurs in the Waialee, Hauula-Laie, Punaluu, and Kahana areas. The unused underflow leakage is small in areas near and east of Waialae, but it is an important supply because of the great need for augmenting water supplies there.\r\n\r\nTotal leakage from storage in the Waianae Range has not been estimated because underflow is difficult to determine. Much of the surface leakage, about 4 Mgal/d in the upper parts of Waianae, Makaha, and Lualualei Valleys, has been diverted by tunnels. Hence, supplies available, other than surface leakage, cannot be estimated from the discharge end of the hydrologic cycle. Infiltration in the Waianae Range to dike-intruded reservoirs in the upper part of the valleys on the west (leeward) side has been estimated at about 20 Mgal/d, and on the east (windward) side, at about 10 Mgal/d. The available supply has been estimated at about 15 Mgal/d from the infiltration on the leeward side, of which about 4 Mgal/d is now being developed. No estimate has been made for the available supply on the windward side. Dike-intruded reservoirs at shallow depths west (lee side) of the crest are in upper Makaha, Waianae, and Lualualei Valleys. They are at moderate depths in upper Haleanu and in lower Kaukonahua Gulches on the east (windward) side.\r\n\r\nFlow hydraulics in dike tunnels is also discussed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2217","usgsCitation":"Takasaki, K.J., and Mink, J.F., 1985, Evaluation of major dike-impounded ground-water reservoirs, Island of Oahu: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2217, vi, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2217.","productDescription":"vi, 77 p.","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406706,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25463.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":29268,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2217/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138865,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2217/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Oahu","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -158.31298828125,\n              21.21257979063059\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.60986328125,\n              21.21257979063059\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.60986328125,\n              21.70847301324597\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.31298828125,\n              21.70847301324597\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.31298828125,\n              21.21257979063059\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7274","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Takasaki, Kiyoshi J.","contributorId":105700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takasaki","given":"Kiyoshi","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mink, John Francis","contributorId":48164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mink","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Francis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26454,"text":"wri834209 - 1985 - Effects of sanitary sewers on ground-water levels and streams in Nassau and Suffolk Counties, New York; part 2: Development and application of southwest Suffolk County model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T21:27:58.632054","indexId":"wri834209","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4209","title":"Effects of sanitary sewers on ground-water levels and streams in Nassau and Suffolk Counties, New York; part 2: Development and application of southwest Suffolk County model","docAbstract":"By 1990, sanitary sewers in Nassau County Sewage Disposal Districts 2 and 3 and Suffolk County Southwest Sewer District will discharge to the ocean 140 cu ft of water/sec that would otherwise be returned to the groundwater system through septic tanks and similar systems. To evaluate the effects of this loss on groundwater levels and streamflow, the U.S. Geological Survey developed a groundwater flow model that couples a fine-scale subregional model to a regional model of larger scale. The regional model generates flux boundary conditions for the subregional model, and the subregional model provides detail in the area of concern. Results indicate that the water table will decline by as much as 8 ft along the Suffolk-Nassau county line, with effects decreasing eastward. Base flow is predicted to decrease by as much as 73% in a stream along the county line, but this effect will decrease to zero just east of the sewered area. This report is one of a series describing the predicted hydrologic effects of sewers in southern Nassau and southwest Suffolk Counties. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri834209","usgsCitation":"Buxton, H., and Reilly, T.E., 1985, Effects of sanitary sewers on ground-water levels and streams in Nassau and Suffolk Counties, New York; part 2: Development and application of southwest Suffolk County model: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4209, vi, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834209.","productDescription":"vi, 39 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393884,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35852.htm"},{"id":55275,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4209/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4209/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Nassau County, Suffolk County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.43742370605467,\n              40.69001034095325\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.06388854980469,\n              40.69001034095325\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.06388854980469,\n              40.84030757074791\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.43742370605467,\n              40.84030757074791\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.43742370605467,\n              40.69001034095325\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611ad7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buxton, H. T.","contributorId":67873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buxton","given":"H. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reilly, T. E.","contributorId":79460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29469,"text":"wri854239 - 1985 - Hydrology of the alluvial, buried channel, basal Pleistocene and Dakota aquifers in west-central Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-19T18:23:07","indexId":"wri854239","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4239","title":"Hydrology of the alluvial, buried channel, basal Pleistocene and Dakota aquifers in west-central Iowa","docAbstract":"<p>A ground-water resources investigation in west-central Iowa indicates that water is available from alluvial, buried channel, basal Pleistocene, and Dakota aquifers. The west-central Iowa area includes Audubon, Carrol1, Crawford, Greene, Guthrie, Harrison, Monona, and Shelby Counties.</p>\n<p>Nine alluvial aquifers consisting of sand and gravel are in the valleys of the Little Sioux, Maple, Soldier, Boyer, West Nishnabotna, East Nishnabotna, South Raccoon, Middle Raccoon, and North Raccoon Rivers. These aquifers contain about 870,000 acre-feet of water that is potentially available to wells. Potential well yields generally are less than 50 gallons per minute. The water generally is very hard (greater than 180 milligrams per liter hardness as calcium carbonate), is a calcium bicarbonate type, and has an average dissolved-solids concentration of less than 600 milligrams per liter.</p>\n<p>Seven buried channel aquifers Anthon, Denison, Fremont, Hardin Creek, Adaza, Beaver, and Bagley consisting of sand and gravel, underlie about 594 square miles in west-central Iowa and contain about 65,000 acre-feet of water potentially available to wells. Potential well yields of as much as 1,000 gallons per minute are possible in a few of the deeper and thicker parts of some of the buried channel aquifers, but well yields of 10 to 100 gallons per minute are more common. Water generally is very hard, is a calcium bicarbonate type, and has an average dissolved-solids concentration of 400 to 800 milligrams per liter in the shallow buried channel aquifers in Carrol1, Greene, and Guthrie Counties. In the deep buried channel aquifer in Audubon, Crawford, Harrison, Monona, and Shelby counties, the water generally is very hard, is a sodium sulfate or calcium sulfate type, and has an average dissolved-solids concentrations of 3,000 milligrams per liter.</p>\n<p>The basal Pleistocene aquifer is at the base of the Pleistocene deposits on many bedrock ridges and consists of sand and gravel. Estimated well yields of as much as 500 gallons per minute can be obtained from the aquifer; however, 5 to 50 gallons per minute are more common. Water from the basal Pleistocene aquifer generally is very hard, is a calcium bicarbonate or calcium sulfate type, and has an average dissolved-solids concentration of 1,000 milligrams per liter.</p>\n<p>The Dakota aquifer consists of the saturated sandstone and gravel units in the Dakota Formation. Isolated erosional remnants of the Dakota Formation form the caps of many bedrock ridges. The Dakota Formation is thickest where the bedrock surface is relatively high and flat, forming an ancient, buried, surface-water divide between southwest and southeast trending buried drainages in Audubon, Carroll, and Guthrie Counties. Sandstone thickness of as much as 150 feet exists in Guthrie County, but an average thickness of 30 feet is more common. Water from wells less than 200 feet deep generally is a calcium bicarbonate type and has an average dissolved-solids concentration of 650 milligrams per liter. Water from wells more than 200 feet deep generally is a calcium sulfate or sodium bicarbonate type and has an average dissolved-solids concentrations of 2,200 milligrams per liter.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri854239","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Geological Survey Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, and University of Iowa Hygienic Laboratory","usgsCitation":"Runkle, D., 1985, Hydrology of the alluvial, buried channel, basal Pleistocene and Dakota aquifers in west-central Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4239, ix, 111 p.: ill., maps; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854239.","productDescription":"ix, 111 p.: ill., maps; 28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":58311,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4239/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58312,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4239/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58313,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4239/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58314,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4239/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58315,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4239/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4239/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-94.7014,41.5032],[-94.8192,41.5034],[-94.9289,41.5036],[-95.0418,41.5037],[-95.1558,41.5041],[-95.2711,41.5048],[-95.3858,41.5045],[-95.4968,41.5051],[-95.4987,41.5051],[-95.614,41.5051],[-95.7281,41.5054],[-95.8416,41.5056],[-95.9569,41.5058],[-95.9845,41.5057],[-95.9931,41.5056],[-95.9908,41.5071],[-95.9888,41.5107],[-95.9873,41.5152],[-95.9888,41.5207],[-95.9907,41.5255],[-95.9938,41.5313],[-95.9966,41.5372],[-96.0005,41.5415],[-96.0067,41.5457],[-96.0117,41.5469],[-96.0197,41.5463],[-96.0257,41.5435],[-96.0277,41.5396],[-96.0297,41.5348],[-96.0301,41.5302],[-96.0306,41.5275],[-96.0335,41.5233],[-96.0367,41.5204],[-96.0401,41.5182],[-96.0487,41.5175],[-96.0529,41.5172],[-96.0571,41.5178],[-96.0628,41.5194],[-96.0635,41.5196],[-96.0662,41.5204],[-96.0717,41.5205],[-96.0764,41.522],[-96.0815,41.5251],[-96.0853,41.5287],[-96.0911,41.5358],[-96.0934,41.5398],[-96.0955,41.5449],[-96.0953,41.5485],[-96.0941,41.553],[-96.0931,41.5567],[-96.091,41.5602],[-96.0878,41.5627],[-96.0842,41.5664],[-96.0813,41.5681],[-96.0776,41.5697],[-96.0758,41.5711],[-96.074,41.5734],[-96.0748,41.5756],[-96.077,41.5802],[-96.0806,41.5837],[-96.0899,41.5876],[-96.1003,41.5923],[-96.1049,41.5946],[-96.1103,41.5989],[-96.1132,41.6026],[-96.1148,41.6063],[-96.1153,41.61],[-96.1124,41.6144],[-96.1092,41.6193],[-96.1042,41.6245],[-96.1006,41.6273],[-96.0981,41.6313],[-96.096,41.6357],[-96.0937,41.6402],[-96.093,41.6461],[-96.0939,41.6511],[-96.0961,41.6556],[-96.1001,41.6609],[-96.1057,41.6649],[-96.1107,41.6698],[-96.1152,41.6738],[-96.1184,41.6778],[-96.1193,41.6819],[-96.1199,41.6837],[-96.1189,41.6906],[-96.1178,41.6933],[-96.1173,41.6954],[-96.1137,41.6979],[-96.1093,41.6999],[-96.1059,41.7006],[-96.101,41.7],[-96.0959,41.6996],[-96.0898,41.7002],[-96.0844,41.6999],[-96.0788,41.7006],[-96.075,41.7014],[-96.0726,41.7033],[-96.0715,41.706],[-96.0717,41.7101],[-96.0731,41.7146],[-96.0769,41.7177],[-96.0802,41.7202],[-96.085,41.7221],[-96.0923,41.7242],[-96.0956,41.7255],[-96.1001,41.7281],[-96.103,41.7314],[-96.1033,41.7359],[-96.1029,41.7404],[-96.1012,41.7445],[-96.0977,41.7494],[-96.093,41.7547],[-96.0877,41.7611],[-96.0806,41.7699],[-96.0713,41.7804],[-96.0679,41.7857],[-96.0664,41.7911],[-96.0661,41.7966],[-96.0676,41.8006],[-96.0724,41.805],[-96.0752,41.8068],[-96.079,41.8079],[-96.0833,41.8084],[-96.0876,41.8097],[-96.0912,41.8105],[-96.0939,41.8119],[-96.0983,41.8148],[-96.1027,41.8176],[-96.1053,41.8203],[-96.1072,41.823],[-96.1094,41.8261],[-96.11,41.8302],[-96.1089,41.8356],[-96.1079,41.8402],[-96.1078,41.8438],[-96.1094,41.8484],[-96.1111,41.8516],[-96.1133,41.8537],[-96.1183,41.8563],[-96.1236,41.8588],[-96.1296,41.8616],[-96.135,41.8646],[-96.1365,41.8657],[-96.1397,41.8682],[-96.143,41.8736],[-96.1451,41.8781],[-96.1452,41.8821],[-96.1462,41.8863],[-96.148,41.8898],[-96.1531,41.8951],[-96.1563,41.8987],[-96.1595,41.9023],[-96.1597,41.9055],[-96.1598,41.908],[-96.1579,41.9098],[-96.1556,41.911],[-96.1516,41.9119],[-96.1476,41.913],[-96.144,41.9153],[-96.1408,41.9175],[-96.1381,41.9206],[-96.1367,41.9246],[-96.1364,41.9287],[-96.1381,41.9319],[-96.1398,41.9359],[-96.1413,41.9408],[-96.1426,41.9444],[-96.1421,41.9476],[-96.1414,41.9511],[-96.1399,41.9547],[-96.137,41.9582],[-96.1346,41.9614],[-96.133,41.9664],[-96.1335,41.97],[-96.1382,41.9745],[-96.143,41.9771],[-96.1476,41.9775],[-96.1528,41.9787],[-96.1578,41.9789],[-96.1627,41.9786],[-96.1671,41.9778],[-96.1714,41.9779],[-96.1748,41.9783],[-96.1781,41.9804],[-96.1811,41.9823],[-96.1831,41.9854],[-96.185,41.9897],[-96.1848,41.9929],[-96.1847,41.9963],[-96.185,42.0001],[-96.1851,42.0044],[-96.1857,42.0055],[-96.1877,42.0063],[-96.192,42.0087],[-96.2057,42.0094],[-96.215,42.0069],[-96.2246,41.9945],[-96.2367,41.9961],[-96.2413,42.0009],[-96.2416,42.0037],[-96.238,42.0128],[-96.2283,42.0174],[-96.2225,42.0233],[-96.2217,42.025],[-96.2212,42.0282],[-96.2232,42.0309],[-96.224,42.034],[-96.2312,42.0378],[-96.2332,42.0384],[-96.2383,42.0411],[-96.2578,42.0384],[-96.2698,42.0429],[-96.272,42.0461],[-96.2728,42.0474],[-96.2742,42.0502],[-96.2777,42.0586],[-96.279,42.0685],[-96.2771,42.0804],[-96.2693,42.092],[-96.2661,42.1031],[-96.2686,42.1149],[-96.2753,42.1199],[-96.2766,42.1221],[-96.2863,42.126],[-96.3055,42.1298],[-96.3126,42.1362],[-96.3152,42.1411],[-96.3179,42.1472],[-96.3259,42.1532],[-96.3403,42.1595],[-96.3474,42.1669],[-96.3482,42.1702],[-96.3488,42.1709],[-96.3502,42.174],[-96.3513,42.1777],[-96.3511,42.1799],[-96.3512,42.184],[-96.3506,42.1863],[-96.3507,42.189],[-96.3508,42.1908],[-96.3505,42.1931],[-96.3509,42.1958],[-96.3538,42.2021],[-96.3564,42.2062],[-96.3578,42.2093],[-96.3585,42.212],[-96.358,42.2147],[-96.3128,42.2148],[-96.2539,42.2147],[-96.138,42.214],[-96.0214,42.2122],[-95.9849,42.212],[-95.9055,42.2108],[-95.7872,42.2102],[-95.6701,42.2099],[-95.5554,42.2095],[-95.4396,42.2095],[-95.3231,42.2098],[-95.2085,42.2095],[-95.0921,42.2097],[-95.014,42.2102],[-94.9769,42.2101],[-94.861,42.2096],[-94.7477,42.2094],[-94.63,42.2091],[-94.5147,42.2087],[-94.3989,42.2086],[-94.2843,42.2089],[-94.1673,42.2091],[-94.1649,42.1519],[-94.1665,42.1228],[-94.1656,42.0347],[-94.166,41.9493],[-94.1652,41.8626],[-94.1671,41.8626],[-94.2811,41.8624],[-94.2813,41.7757],[-94.281,41.6871],[-94.2812,41.6],[-94.2419,41.5993],[-94.2427,41.5031],[-94.3593,41.5032],[-94.4733,41.5033],[-94.588,41.5033],[-94.7014,41.5032]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Audubon\",\"state\":\"IA\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc72d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runkle, D. L.","contributorId":57081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkle","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30008,"text":"wri854198 - 1985 - Geohydrology of the High Plains Aquifer, western Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:03","indexId":"wri854198","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4198","title":"Geohydrology of the High Plains Aquifer, western Kansas","docAbstract":"The High Plains aquifer underlies 174,050 sq mi of eight states (Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming) and contains approximately 3.3 billion acre-ft of water in storage. Saturated thicknesses within the aquifer are as great as 600 ft near the southern border of southwest Kansas. The aquifer is replenished primarily by infiltration from precipitation. Average precipitation at the Garden City Experiment Station is 18.93 in/yr. Groundwater flow is generally from west to east under unconfined conditions. Hydraulic connection with subcropping consolidated aquifers allows ground water to flow vertically in minor quantities. The aquifer is depleted primarily by irrigation. Hydraulic conductivity estimates from 1,612 lithologic logs had an average value of 75 ft/day, with a standard deviation of 35 ft/day. Specific yields estimated from the same lithologic logs had a mean of 0.17 and a standard deviation of 0.047. Water from the High Plains aquifer in Kansas generally is suitable for human and animal consumption and irrigation of crops. Typically, it is a calcium bicarbonate type water, with concentrations of total dissolved solids ranging from 250 to 500 mg/L. The quality of water in the aquifer deteriorates toward the east due to mixing with recharge water containing dissolved minerals leached from the overlying soil and unsaturated zones and mineralized water from adjacent bedrock units. The simulated water budget for the steady state model of predevelopment (pre-1950) conditions in the High Plains aquifer in northwest Kansas showed that annual recharge to the aquifer from infiltration of precipitation was 87,000 acre-ft/yr and from boundary inflow, 21,000 acre-ft/yr. Annual discharge from the aquifer was 108,000 acre-ft/yr, including 81,000 acre-ft/yr from leakage to streams, 23,000 acre-ft from outflow at the boundaries of the aquifer, and 4,000 acre-ft from municipal and industrial pumpage. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri854198","usgsCitation":"Stullken, L., Watts, K.R., and Lindgren, R.J., 1985, Geohydrology of the High Plains Aquifer, western Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4198, vi, 86 p. :ill., maps (1 col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854198.","productDescription":"vi, 86 p. :ill., maps (1 col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4198/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58812,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4198/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58813,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4198/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a895c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stullken, L.E.","contributorId":59049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stullken","given":"L.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watts, Kenneth R.","contributorId":43783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindgren, R. J.","contributorId":70808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindgren","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":30251,"text":"wri854064 - 1985 - Ground-water contamination in East Bay Township, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-06T10:15:47","indexId":"wri854064","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4064","title":"Ground-water contamination in East Bay Township, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>Glacial deposits, as much as 360 feet thick, underlie the study area. The upper 29 to 118 feet, a sand and gravel unit, is the aquifer tapped for water by all wells in the area. This unit is underlain by impermeable clay that is at least 100 feet thick. </p><p>Ground-water flow is northeastward at an estimated rate of 3 to 6 feet per day. Hydraulic conductivities in the aquifer range from 85 to 150 feet per day; 120 feet per day provided the best match of field data in a ground-water flow model. The depth to water ranged from 1 to 20 feet. </p><p>Chemical anlayses indicate that ground water is contaminated with organic chemicals from near the Hangar/Administration building at the U.S. Coast Guard Air Station to East Bay, about 4,300 feet northeast. The plume, which follows ground-water flow lines, ranges from 180 to 400 feet wide. In the upper reach of the plume, hydrocarbons less dense than water occur at the surface of the water table; they move downward in the aquifer as they move toward East Bay. Maximum concentrations of the major organic compounds include: benzene, 3,390 micrograms per liter; toluene, 55,500 micrograms per liter; xylene, 3,900 micrograms per liter; tetrachloroethylene, 3,410 micrograms per liter; and bis (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate, 2,100 micrograms per liter. Soils are generally free of these hydrocarbons; however, in the vicinity of past drum storage, aircraft maintenance operations, and fuel storage and dispensing, as much as 1,100 micrograms per kilogram of tetrachloroethylene and 1,500 micrograms per kilogram of bis (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate were detected. At a few locations higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, characteristic of petroleum distillates, were found.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/wri854064","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Coast Guard","usgsCitation":"Twenter, F.R., Cummings, T., and Grannemann, N., 1985, Ground-water contamination in East Bay Township, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4064, Document: ix, 63 p.; 5 Plates: 23.24 x 35.59 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854064.","productDescription":"Document: ix, 63 p.; 5 Plates: 23.24 x 35.59 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":59038,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59039,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59040,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59041,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59042,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59043,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"East Bay Township","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.57439804077148,\n              44.74164292754147\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.56602954864502,\n              44.75276788055599\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.5673599243164,\n              44.7531640722716\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.56911945343018,\n              44.753986923310066\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.57062149047852,\n              44.75490118850054\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.57225227355957,\n              44.75599828763615\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.57353973388672,\n              44.75706489182693\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.57529926300047,\n              44.7584971579133\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.57585716247559,\n              44.7592894600709\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.57611465454102,\n              44.760234113828844\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.58675765991211,\n              44.746885637908065\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.57439804077148,\n              44.74164292754147\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699997","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twenter, F. R.","contributorId":81080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twenter","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cummings, T. R.","contributorId":104082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummings","given":"T. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grannemann, N.G.","contributorId":11221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grannemann","given":"N.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":29975,"text":"wri854084 - 1985 - Reported withdrawals and estimated use of water in Oklahoma during 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:59","indexId":"wri854084","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4084","title":"Reported withdrawals and estimated use of water in Oklahoma during 1982","docAbstract":"Reported water withdrawals in Oklahoma during 1982 were 1,270.64 million gallons per day. The withdrawals were about equally distributed between ground water and surface water with 46 percent being ground water and 54 percent being surface water. In general, the western counties rely on ground water and the eastern counties rely on surface water as their major sources of supply. The major withdrawal category water suppliers is not subdivided into its component-use categories such as domestic, commercial, and industrial. Estimates were made of the various uses to which water supplied by public suppliers is put. Water use in Oklahoma during 1982 was estimated to be 1,270.14 million gallons per day. This was a difference of less than 0.1 percent between estimated use and reported withdrawals. Oklahoma's major water use is agriculture including irrigation, which was 42 percent of the total water used during 1982. Many counties in Oklahoma, particularly those counties in the west, use more water for agricultural uses than the total of all other water uses in the county. Most of the exporting counties used surface water as their major source of supply. Several counties were also identified as major importers of water. The importing counties contained 50 percent of the State's population and water importation related more to population than to internal water-supply sources.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854084","usgsCitation":"Stoner, J., 1985, Reported withdrawals and estimated use of water in Oklahoma during 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4084, vi, 96 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854084.","productDescription":"vi, 96 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4084/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58787,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4084/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62f578","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stoner, J.D.","contributorId":58261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoner","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":3342,"text":"cir946 - 1985 - Proceedings of the Second U.S. Geological Survey workshop on the early Mesozoic basins of the Eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-01T22:05:29.634469","indexId":"cir946","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"946","title":"Proceedings of the Second U.S. Geological Survey workshop on the early Mesozoic basins of the Eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir946","usgsCitation":"Robinson, G.R., and Froelich, A., 1985, Proceedings of the Second U.S. Geological Survey workshop on the early Mesozoic basins of the Eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 946, x, 147 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir946.","productDescription":"x, 147 p.","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126530,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1985/0946/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30351,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1985/0946/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402127,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23565.htm","text":"Distribution and geophysical signatures of early Mesozoic rift basins beneath the U.S. Atlantic continental margin","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":463566,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23978.htm","text":"Gravimetric character and anomalies in the Gettysburg basin, Pennsylvania - a preliminary appraisal","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -66.8408203125,\n              44.933696389694674\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.7197265625,\n              45.79816953017265\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.8515625,\n              47.249406957888446\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.12597656249999,\n              47.60616304386874\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.9716796875,\n              45.42929873257377\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.498046875,\n              44.96479793033101\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.419921875,\n              42.261049162113856\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.353515625,\n              36.13787471840729\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.814453125,\n              32.80574473290688\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.73828125,\n              30.826780904779774\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.431640625,\n              31.203404950917395\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.0166015625,\n              43.29320031385282\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.8408203125,\n              44.933696389694674\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db660444","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Gilpin R. Jr. grobinso@usgs.gov","contributorId":3083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Gilpin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"grobinso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":146693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Froelich, Albert J.","contributorId":60200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Froelich","given":"Albert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":15321,"text":"ofr85419 - 1985 - Acoustic-televiewer and acoustic-waveform logs used to characterize deeply buried basalt flows, Hanford site, Benton County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-17T19:18:08.240941","indexId":"ofr85419","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-419","title":"Acoustic-televiewer and acoustic-waveform logs used to characterize deeply buried basalt flows, Hanford site, Benton County, Washington","docAbstract":"<p>Acoustic-waveform and acoustic-televiewer logs were obtained for a 400-meter interval of deeply buried basalt flows in three boreholes, and over shorter intervals in two additional boreholes located on the U.S. Department of Energy 's Hanford site in Benton County, Washington. Borehole-wall breakouts were observed in the unaltered interiors of a large part of individual basalt flows; however, several of the flows in one of the five boreholes had almost no breakouts. The distribution of breakouts observed on the televiewer logs correlated closely with the incidence of core disking in some intervals, but the correlation was not always perfect, perhaps because of the differences in the specific fracture mechanisms involved. Borehole-wall breakouts were consistently located on the east and west sides of the boreholes. The orientation is consistent with previous estimates of the principal horizontal-stress field in south-central Washington, if breakouts are assumed to form along the azimuth of the least principal stress. The distribution of breakouts repeatedly indicated an interval of breakout-free rock at the top and bottom of flows. Because breakouts frequently terminate at major low-angle fractures, the data indicate that fracturing may have relieved some of the horizontal stresses near flow tops and bottoms. Unaltered and unfractured basalt appeared to have a uniform compressional velocity of 6.0 + or - 0.1 km/sec and a uniform shear velocity of 3.35 + or - 0.1 km/sec throughout flow interiors. Acoustics-waveform logs also indicated that borehole-wall breakouts did not affect acoustic propagation along the borehole; so fracturing associated with the formation of breakouts appeared to be confined to a thin annulus of stress concentration around the borehole. Televiewer logs obtained before and after hydraulic fracturing in these boreholes indicated the extent of induced fractures, and also indicated minor changes to pre-existing fractures that may have been inflated during fracture generation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85419","usgsCitation":"Paillet, F.L., 1985, Acoustic-televiewer and acoustic-waveform logs used to characterize deeply buried basalt flows, Hanford site, Benton County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-419, ix, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85419.","productDescription":"ix, 90 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":405274,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75804.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":44251,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0419/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":146439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0419/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Benton County","otherGeospatial":"Hanford site","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.97344970703124,\n              46.2957133089894\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.234619140625,\n              46.2957133089894\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.234619140625,\n              46.64377960861833\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.97344970703124,\n              46.64377960861833\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.97344970703124,\n              46.2957133089894\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a05f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25413,"text":"wri844314 - 1985 - Chemical and isotopic characteristics of brines from three oil- and gas-producing sandstones in eastern Ohio, with applications to the geochemical tracing of brine sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T21:24:14.271237","indexId":"wri844314","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4314","title":"Chemical and isotopic characteristics of brines from three oil- and gas-producing sandstones in eastern Ohio, with applications to the geochemical tracing of brine sources","docAbstract":"Chemical and isotopic characteristics of selected inorganic constituents are reported for brines from the Berea Sandstone of Mississippian age, the Clinton sandstone, Albion Sandstone of Silurian age, and the Rose Run formation of Cambrian and Ordovician age in 24 counties in eastern Ohio. Ionic concentrations of dissolved constituents in brines from these formations generally fall in the following ranges (in millimoles per kilogram of brine): Na, Cl &gt; 1,000; 100 &lt; Ca, Mg &lt; 1,000; 1 &lt; K, Br, Sr, Li, Fe, SO4 &lt; 100; Mn, Zn, Al, I, HCO3, SiO2 &lt; 1. Mean ionic concentrations of Ca, Mg, Na, Cl, K, SO4 and Br, and mean values of density and dissolved solids are significantly different at the 95-percent confidence level in each formation. Only potassium has a unique concentration range in each formation. Selected concentration ratios are identified as potential indicators for geochemical tracing of brines having some history of dilution. The k:Na ratios work best for identifying the source formation of an unidentified brine. Isotopic characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen indicate a meteoric origin for the water matrix of the brines. Sulfur isotopes may have utility for differentiating brines from oxidizing ground water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri844314","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Oil and Gas","usgsCitation":"Breen, K.J., Angelo, C.G., Masters, R.W., and Sedam, A.C., 1985, Chemical and isotopic characteristics of brines from three oil- and gas-producing sandstones in eastern Ohio, with applications to the geochemical tracing of brine sources (Version 1.1): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4314, v, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844314.","productDescription":"v, 58 p.","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395945,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36155.htm"},{"id":277993,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4314/"},{"id":123971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4314/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.083,\n              38.667\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.517,\n              38.667\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.517,\n              41.978\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.083,\n              41.978\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.083,\n              38.667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4858","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breen, K. J.","contributorId":44176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breen","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Angelo, Clifford G.","contributorId":48596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angelo","given":"Clifford","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Masters, Robert W.","contributorId":32195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masters","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sedam, Alan C.","contributorId":9300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sedam","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":42108,"text":"ofr82117 - 1985 - Altitude and configuration of the water table in the High Plains aquifer of Kansas, pre-1950","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-19T22:00:30.151967","indexId":"ofr82117","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-117","title":"Altitude and configuration of the water table in the High Plains aquifer of Kansas, pre-1950","docAbstract":"<p>The High Plains aquifer in Kansas is a part of a regional system that extends from South Dakota to Texas. The aquifer in Kansas underlies an area of 31,000 square miles in the western and south-central part. The aquifer is a hydraulically connected assemblage of unconsolidated water-bearing deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age. Maps at a scale of 1:500,000 show the altitude and configuration of the water table in Kansas prior to 1950. The water-table maps depict the water-level surface that was present prior to major development of the High Plains aquifer. Ground water moves from higher altitudes in the western part of the High Plains to lower altitudes in the eastern part at an average slope of 10 feet per mile. The upgradient flexure of water-table contours along some of the valleys indicates that ground water is discharged to the streams in those areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr82117","usgsCitation":"Stullken, L.E., and Pabst, M.E., 1985, Altitude and configuration of the water table in the High Plains aquifer of Kansas, pre-1950: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-117, 1 Plate: 43.56 × 31.40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82117.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 43.56 × 31.40 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":168382,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":79849,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0117/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":391959,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13661.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"High Plains aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -102.04,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.267,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.267,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.04,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.04,\n              37\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adde4b07f02db686b17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stullken, Lloyd E.","contributorId":60609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stullken","given":"Lloyd","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pabst, Marilyn E.","contributorId":25566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pabst","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1819,"text":"wsp2231 - 1985 - Controls on phosphorus mobility in the Potomac River near the Blue Plains wastewater treatment plant","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-25T12:07:35.813684","indexId":"wsp2231","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2231","title":"Controls on phosphorus mobility in the Potomac River near the Blue Plains wastewater treatment plant","docAbstract":"The Blue Plains wastewater treatment plant is the largest point source of phosphorus in the Potomac River basin, discharging an average of 2 metric tons of phosphorus into the river each day in 1980. An intensive study of the water and sediments in the vicinity of the treatment plant was conducted in 1979-80 in order to characterize the major factors controlling the mobility of effluent-derived phosphorus in the area. \r\n\r\nThe transport of phosphorus near the treatment plant was found to be affected by the circulation regime, by inorganic adsorption reactions with sediments, and by metabolic uptake and release by phytoplankton. The effect of river discharge on the convective transport of phosphorus near the outfall is significantly reduced by a mid-river shoal area, which confines the flow path of the effluent to an embayment on the eastern side of the river for a distance of 4 kilometers below the outfall. This embayment appears to serve as a sediment trap, where protection from bottom scour during high-flow events has permitted fine-grained sediments to accumulate. Measurements of mean residence time indicate that the effluent leaves the embayment area 21? days after being discharged from the outfall. \r\n\r\nMeasurements of the linear decay constant for the removal of dissolved phosphorus from the water column reveal a diurnal cycle corresponding to the metabolic utilization of phosphorus by phytoplankton. This cyclic removal is superimposed on a constant and noncyclic adsorption of phosphorus by inorganic phases. Forty-eight hour average values of the linear decay constant for dissolved phosphorus in the area range from 0.4 to 1.1 per day. \r\n\r\nAnalyses of bottom sediments indicate that approximately 13 percent of the phosphorus discharged between September 1977 and August 1980 has been retained in the embayment. The primary inorganic phase responsible for phosphorus adsorption is amorphous iron (ferric oxy-hydroxides); amorphous aluminum and clay minerals appear to play secondary roles. The accumulation of sorbed phosphorus in the embayment has been promoted by the deposition of fine-grained sediments enriched in ferric oxy-hydroxides. Conversely, the absence of ferric oxy-hydroxides in coarse-grained sediments near the outfall has facilitated the precipitation of the ferrous phosphate mineral vivianite.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. General Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/wsp2231","usgsCitation":"Hearn, 1985, Controls on phosphorus mobility in the Potomac River near the Blue Plains wastewater treatment plant: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2231, v, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2231.","productDescription":"v, 46 p.","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":137053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2231/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27015,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2231/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.07149505615234,\n              38.810419613702024\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.00042724609374,\n              38.810419613702024\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.00042724609374,\n              38.89383860542579\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.07149505615234,\n              38.89383860542579\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.07149505615234,\n              38.810419613702024\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6856e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hearn, Jr. phearn@usgs.gov","contributorId":1950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","suffix":"Jr.","email":"phearn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":144206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}