No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84726","usgsCitation":"Moyle, W.R., and Glenn, F.M., 1985, Map of Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency area, California, showing ground-water subunits and areas, location of wells, and lines of equal depth to water for spring 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-726, 1 Plate: 37.76 x 39.24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84726.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 37.76 x 39.24 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420424,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13541.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":79608,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0726/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":136899,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.854,\n 35.361\n ],\n [\n -118.854,\n 34.382\n ],\n [\n -117.628,\n 34.382\n ],\n [\n -117.628,\n 35.361\n ],\n [\n -118.854,\n 35.361\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db6555da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyle, W. R. Jr.","contributorId":85938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyle","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glenn, Florence M.","contributorId":35293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"Florence","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29912,"text":"wri854087 - 1985 - Ground-water flow in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer related to contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-13T19:17:59.193897","indexId":"wri854087","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4087","title":"Ground-water flow in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer related to contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park, Minnesota","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional, ground-water-flow model of the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer and associated hydrogeologic units was developed to evaluate the movement of coal-tar derivatives from a coal-tar distillation and wood-preserving plant in St. Louis Park, Minnesota. A finite-difference grid was superimposed on the modeled area, which includes most of eastern Hennepin County. The individual cells are 400-foot squares in the center of the grid (St. Louis Park area); the cells increase in dimension toward the outside limits of the grid. Five geologic units are represented by four layers in the model. These units include the Jordan Sandstone, the Prairie du Chien Group (dolomite and sandy dolomite), the basal confining unit of the St. Peter Sandstone (silty and sandy shale), the St. Peter Sandstone, and glacial deposits in bedrock valleys.
The model was calibrated for steady-state conditions for a period before significant ground-water development (1885-1930) and for a period of significant pumping stress (winter conditions, 1970 fs). A transient calibration was accomplished by simulation of a period during which seasonal changes in potentiometric head in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer were significant (1977-80). Sensitivity testing indicated that leakage to the upper model layer and the vertical hydraulic conductivity of the basal confining unit of the St. Peter Sandstone were the model hydrologic properties which, when changed, resulted in the greatest changes in model-calculated water levels. The calibrated model generally calculates water levels that are within 10 feet of measured values.
Model simulations indicate that the potentiometric surface of the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer would be raised by as much as 3 feet in the area of the plant site by water introduced into the aquifer through wells open to more than one aquifer system. The cones of impression created at these wells could have a significant impact on the transport of contaminants in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan.
The presence of coal-tar derivatives in the aquifer has been difficult to explain in wells located upgradient from the plant site to the north, west, and southwest. Simulations suggest that, during periods of heavy withdrawal from certain of these wells (SLP10, SLP15, and SLP5), local hydraulic gradients may have been altered, resulting in the potential for the movement of contaminants from the area of the plant site to the wells. Cones of impression at multiaquifer wells near the plant site contributed to the alteration of local gradients.
Simulation of a proposed gradient-control plan, in which lateral homogeneity and isotropy of individual hydro geologic units was assumed, indicates that the actions would be effective in limiting expansion of the contaminated volume in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer. The plan includes the control of withdrawal from five wells. The simulations also show, however, that modelcalculated potentiometric surfaces are sensitive to changes in withdrawal rates at wells not intended to be under the control of the plan. Management of discharge from these wells also will be important to overall effectiveness of the remedial-action plan.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri854087","usgsCitation":"Stark, J., and Hult, M.F., 1985, Ground-water flow in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer related to contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4087, v, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854087.","productDescription":"v, 57 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":414036,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36260.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":119515,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4087/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58730,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4087/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"St. Louis Park","otherGeospatial":"Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.167,\n 45.083\n ],\n [\n -93.583,\n 45.083\n ],\n [\n -93.583,\n 44.783\n ],\n [\n -93.167,\n 44.783\n ],\n [\n -93.167,\n 45.083\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cd74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stark, J. R.","contributorId":100406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stark","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hult, M. F.","contributorId":29817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hult","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":16562,"text":"ofr84145A - 1985 - Streamflow statistics and drainage-basin characteristics for the southwestern and eastern regions, Washington: Volume I. Southwestern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-27T20:58:06.945985","indexId":"ofr84145A","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-145","chapter":"A","title":"Streamflow statistics and drainage-basin characteristics for the southwestern and eastern regions, Washington: Volume I. Southwestern Washington","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84145A","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.R., and Pearson, H.E., 1985, Streamflow statistics and drainage-basin characteristics for the southwestern and eastern regions, Washington: Volume I. Southwestern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-145, Report: iii, 424 p.; 26.52 x 35.91 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84145A.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 424 p.; 26.52 x 35.91 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422980,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13291.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":45554,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0145a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149750,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0145a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45555,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0145a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.03705855355781,\n 46.774202263516884\n ],\n [\n -123.5782106152086,\n 47.30518349691528\n ],\n [\n -123.68822513785824,\n 47.628171560775456\n ],\n [\n -124.33385568765746,\n 48.083836939231304\n ],\n [\n -124.7276057487826,\n 48.35430242614737\n ],\n [\n -124.88498659891658,\n 47.92306035281257\n ],\n [\n -124.5333696302558,\n 47.461391797419\n ],\n [\n -124.2895212396597,\n 46.97997528940809\n ],\n [\n -124.0659132725674,\n 46.300094884791406\n ],\n [\n -123.53295368644481,\n 46.23954551851912\n ],\n [\n -123.31979382077077,\n 46.15021551425289\n ],\n [\n -123.15538395788386,\n 46.17329159005263\n ],\n [\n -122.7904450153109,\n 46.03945192780412\n ],\n [\n -122.71565663774024,\n 45.605413714316995\n ],\n [\n -122.3869618215725,\n 45.545950312640656\n ],\n [\n -121.6733248794553,\n 45.70866420289531\n ],\n [\n -121.6051531956781,\n 46.72146991229192\n ],\n [\n -122.3094933178835,\n 46.68352499136691\n ],\n [\n -123.03705855355781,\n 46.774202263516884\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4d3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, John R.","contributorId":107260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":173062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearson, Harold E.","contributorId":18046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearson","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28827,"text":"wri844190 - 1985 - Geohydrology of the aquifer in the Santa Fe Group, northern West Mesa of the Mesilla Basin near Las Cruces, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T20:08:00.059709","indexId":"wri844190","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4190","title":"Geohydrology of the aquifer in the Santa Fe Group, northern West Mesa of the Mesilla Basin near Las Cruces, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Because of the heterogeneity of the Santa Fe Group, New Mexico, the hydrologic characteristics of the aquifer vary substantially from place to place. Hydraulic conductivities of 12 and 30 feet per day were estimated from aquifer tests for two wells in the eastern one-half of the study area. Well yields in the western one-half of the study area generally are less than 5 gallons per minute. Some of the well yields in the eastern one-half of the study area are greater than 1,000 gallons per minute. Ground water flows southeastward across the western one-half of the study area at a gradient of about 50 feet per mile. Across the eastern one-half of the study area, ground water flows southeastward at a gradient of less than 5 feet per mile. Dissolved-solids concentrations in groundwater range from 906 to 1,470 milligrams per liter in the western one-half of the study area and from 378 to 556 milligrams per liter in the eastern one-half.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844190","usgsCitation":"Myers, R.G., and Orr, B.R., 1985, Geohydrology of the aquifer in the Santa Fe Group, northern West Mesa of the Mesilla Basin near Las Cruces, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4190, v, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844190.","productDescription":"v, 37 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414655,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36053.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":57687,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4190/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123396,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4190/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","city":"Las Cruces","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.83843928636912,\n 32.292037090742866\n ],\n [\n -107.03898267215521,\n 32.292037090742866\n ],\n [\n -107.03898267215521,\n 32.093231573912306\n ],\n [\n -106.83843928636912,\n 32.093231573912306\n ],\n [\n -106.83843928636912,\n 32.292037090742866\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a888c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myers, R. G.","contributorId":30642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orr, B. R.","contributorId":46545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26047,"text":"wri854169 - 1985 - Major and trace-element analyses of acid mine waters in the Leviathan Mine drainage basin, California/Nevada; October, 1981 to October, 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-17T19:47:15.067137","indexId":"wri854169","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4169","title":"Major and trace-element analyses of acid mine waters in the Leviathan Mine drainage basin, California/Nevada; October, 1981 to October, 1982","docAbstract":"Water issuing from the inactive Leviathan open-pit sulfur mine has caused serious degradation of the water quality in the Leviathan/Bryant Creek drainage basin which drains into the East Fork of the Carson River. As part of a pollution abatement project of the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, the U.S. Geological Survey collected hydrologic and water quality data for the basin during 1981-82. During this period a comprehensive sampling survey was completed to provide information on trace metal attenuation during downstream transport and to provide data for interpreting geochemical processes. This report presents the analytical results from this sampling survey. Sixty-seven water samples were filtered and preserved on-site at 45 locations and at 3 different times. Temperature, discharge, pH, and Eh and specific conductance were measured on-site. Concentrations of 37 major and trace constituents were determined later in the laboratory on preserved samples. The quality of the analyses was checked by using two or more techniques to determine the concentrations including d.c.-argon plasma emission spectrometry (DCP), flame and flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry, UV-visible spectrophotometry, hydride-generation atomic absorption spectrophotometry and ion chromatography. Additional quality control was obtained by comparing measured to calculated conductance, comparing measured to calculated Eh (from Fe-2 +/Fe-3+ determinations), charge balance calculations and mass balance calculations for conservative constituents at confluence points. Leviathan acid mine waters contain mg/L concentrations of As, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, T1, V and Zn, and hundreds to thousands of mg/L concentrations of Al, Fe, and sulfate at pH values as low as 1.8. Other elements including Ba, B, Be, Bi, Cd , Mo, Sb, Se and Te are elevated above normal background concentrations and fall in the microgram/L range. The chemical and 34 S/32 S isotopic analyses demonstrate that these acid waters are derived from pyrite oxidation and not from the oxidation of elemental sulfur.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854169","usgsCitation":"Ball, J., and Nordstrom, D.K., 1985, Major and trace-element analyses of acid mine waters in the Leviathan Mine drainage basin, California/Nevada; October, 1981 to October, 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4169, v, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854169.","productDescription":"v, 46 p.","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415876,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36324.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":54824,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4169/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123446,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4169/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Leviathan Mine drainage basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.722,\n 38.828\n ],\n [\n -119.722,\n 38.669\n ],\n [\n -119.583,\n 38.669\n ],\n [\n -119.583,\n 38.828\n ],\n [\n -119.722,\n 38.828\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649741","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, J.W.","contributorId":67507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":195710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25586,"text":"wri854183 - 1985 - Hydrologic and geochemical monitoring in Long Valley caldera, Mono County, California, 1982-1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-13T20:24:01.164925","indexId":"wri854183","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4183","title":"Hydrologic and geochemical monitoring in Long Valley caldera, Mono County, California, 1982-1984","docAbstract":"The Long Valley caldera is a potentially active volcanic area on the eastern side of the Sierra Nevada in east-central California. Hydrologic and geochemical monitoring of surface and subsurface features began in July 1982 to determine if changes were occurring in response to processes causing earthquakes and crustal deformation. Differences since 1982 in fluid chemistry of springs has been minor except at Casa Diablo, where rapid fluctuations in chemistry result from near surface boiling and mixing. Ratios of 3He/4He and 13C/12C in hot springs and fumaroles are consistent with a magnetic source for some of the carbon and helium discharged in thermal areas, and observed changes in 3He/4He between 1978 and 1984 suggest changes in the magmatic component. Significant fluctuations in hot spring discharge recorded at several sites since 1982 closely followed earthquake activity.
Water levels in wells have been used as strain meters to detect rock deformation associated with magmatic and tectonic activity and to construct a water table contour map. Coseismic water level fluctuations of as much as 0.6 ft have been observed but no clear evidence of deformation caused by magmatic intrusions can be seen in the well records through 1984. Temperature profiles in wells, which can be used to delineate regionally continuous zones of lateral flow of hot water across parts of the caldera, have remained constant at all but two sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854183","usgsCitation":"Farrar, C.D., Sorey, M., Rojstaczer, S., Janik, C.J., Mariner, R.H., Winnett, T.L., and Clark, M.D., 1985, Hydrologic and geochemical monitoring in Long Valley caldera, Mono County, California, 1982-1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4183, Report: ix, 137 p.; 2 Plates: 30.75 x 21.36 inches and 30.63 x 21.71 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854183.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 137 p.; 2 Plates: 30.75 x 21.36 inches and 30.63 x 21.71 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":415732,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36337.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123638,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4183/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54328,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4183/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54326,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4183/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54327,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4183/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Mono County","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.079,\n 37.767\n ],\n [\n -119.079,\n 37.583\n ],\n [\n -118.645,\n 37.583\n ],\n [\n -118.645,\n 37.767\n ],\n [\n -119.079,\n 37.767\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683c71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farrar, C. D.","contributorId":71978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rojstaczer, S.","contributorId":92709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rojstaczer","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Janik, C. J.","contributorId":10795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janik","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mariner, Robert H.","contributorId":81075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariner","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Winnett, T. L.","contributorId":27095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winnett","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clark, M. D.","contributorId":25202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70012752,"text":"70012752 - 1985 - Characteristics of the aftershock sequence of the Borah Peak, Idaho, earthquake determined from digital recordings of the events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-29T15:33:30.122709","indexId":"70012752","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characteristics of the aftershock sequence of the Borah Peak, Idaho, earthquake determined from digital recordings of the events","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, deployed and maintained a network of twelve digital instruments over the 2 weeks following the 28 October 1983 Borah Peak, Idaho, earthquake. The network recorded 45 events with M ≧ 3.0, and 6 events with M ≦ 4.0. The epicenters are located in a narrow band which parallels the trace of the surface fauiting up to the Willow Creek summit; the depths of the events range from 5 to 16 km. In the south, the distribution of hypocenters delineate a plane which dips to the southwest at 50°; to the north, the hypocenters dip steeply to the east. Composite focal mechanisms for three groups of events show normal faulting mechanisms; the mechanism of the aftershocks in the north appear rotated in both strike and dip from the aftershocks in the south. The seismic moments of the aftershocks increase with increasing hypocentral depth below 12 km. The dynamic stress drops of the events do not show any systematic variation with depth, however. Most of the events with large stress drops are clustered in the northwest limb of the aftershock distribution; the average stress drop of the southern events is 31 ± 16 bars, while the average stress drop of the events in the northwest limb is 77 ± 52 bars. This clustering of events with large stress drops marks an apparent stress concentration, possibly associated with the arrest of the main shock rupture propagation by a fracture barrier at depth.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0750051265","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Boatwright, J., 1985, Characteristics of the aftershock sequence of the Borah Peak, Idaho, earthquake determined from digital recordings of the events: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 75, no. 5, p. 1265-1284, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0750051265.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1265","endPage":"1284","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222612,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","volume":"75","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1985-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2cbe4b0c8380cd4b391","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boatwright, John 0000-0002-6931-5241 boat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6931-5241","contributorId":1938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boatwright","given":"John","email":"boat@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":364437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009928,"text":"70009928 - 1985 - Global geologic mapping of Mars: The western equatorial region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-20T20:50:01","indexId":"70009928","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":661,"text":"Advances in Space Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global geologic mapping of Mars: The western equatorial region","docAbstract":"Global geologic mapping of Mars was originally accomplished following acquisition of orbital spacecraft images from the Mariner 9 mission. The mapping program represented a joint enterprise by the U.S. Geological Survey and other planetary scientists from universities in the United States and Europe. Many of the Mariner photographs had low resolution or poor albedo contrast caused by atmospheric haze and high-sun angles. Some of the early geologic maps reflect these deficiencies in their poor discrimination and subdivision of rock units. New geologic maps made from higher resolution and better quality Viking images also represent a cooperative effort, by geologists from the U.S. Geological Survey, Arizona State University, and the University of London. This second series of global maps consists of three parts: 1) western equatorial region, 2) eastern equatorial region, and 3) north and south polar regions. These maps, at 1:15 million scale, show more than 60 individual rock-stratigraphic units assigned to three Martian time-stratigraphic systems. The first completed map of the series covers the western equatorial region of Mars. Accompanying the map is a description of the sequence and distribution of major tectonic, volcanic, and fluvial episodes as recorded in the stratigraphic record. ?? 1985.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Space Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0273-1177(85)90243-1","issn":"02731177","usgsCitation":"Scott, D.H., 1985, Global geologic mapping of Mars: The western equatorial region: Advances in Space Research, v. 5, no. 8, p. 71-82, https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(85)90243-1.","startPage":"71","endPage":"82","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267876,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(85)90243-1"}],"volume":"5","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2948e4b0c8380cd5a80c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, D. H.","contributorId":73565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013561,"text":"70013561 - 1985 - PRESENT STATE OF THE HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM IN LONG VALLEY CALDERA, CALIFORNIA.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:37","indexId":"70013561","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"PRESENT STATE OF THE HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM IN LONG VALLEY CALDERA, CALIFORNIA.","docAbstract":"Results of test drilling to depths of 2 km and data on the chemical and isotopic content of waters from hot springs and fumaroles permit a conceptual model of the present-day hydrothermal system in Long Valley caldera to be delineated. The model consists of two principal zones in which hot water flows laterally from west to east at depths less than 1 km within and around the resurgent dome. Maximum measured temperatures within these zones are near 170 degree C, but estimates from chemical geothermometers and extrapolation of a high temperature gradient measured in a recent drill hole indicate that a source reservoir at temperatures near 240 degree C may exist at greater depths in the Bishop Tuff beneath the west moat.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"1985 International Symposium on Geothermal Energy. Geothermal Resources Council 1985 Annual Meeting.","conferenceLocation":"Kailua-Kona, HI, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, USA","issn":"01935933","isbn":"0934412596","usgsCitation":"Sorey, M.L., 1985, PRESENT STATE OF THE HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM IN LONG VALLEY CALDERA, CALIFORNIA., in Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 9, no. pt 1, Kailua-Kona, HI, USA, p. 485-490.","startPage":"485","endPage":"490","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"pt 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7375e4b0c8380cd77047","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorey, Michael L.","contributorId":20726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013365,"text":"70013365 - 1985 - 40Ar/39Ar and K-Ar data bearing on the metamorphic and tectonic history of western New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-28T13:24:02.293607","indexId":"70013365","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"40Ar/39Ar and K-Ar data bearing on the metamorphic and tectonic history of western New England","docAbstract":"40Ar/39Ar ages of coexisting biotite and hornblende from Proterozoic Y gneisses of the Berkshire and Green Mountain massifs, as well as 40Ar/39Ar and K-Ar mineral and whole-rock ages from Paleozoic metamorphic rocks, suggest that the thermal peak for the dominant metamorphic recrystallization in western New England occurred 465 ± 5 m.y. ago (Taconian). Although textural data indicate a complex metamorphic-tectonic history for Paleozoic rocks, no evidence in rocks at least as high as kyanite grade dictates an Acadian age for the Barrovian metamorphism. Available 40Ar/39Ar and K-Ar data suggest that the low-grade metamorphism and cleavage formation in Taconic allochthons and the higher-grade metamorphism and emplacement of the Berkshire massif allochthon are Taconian.
40Ar/39Ar age data from a poorly defined terrane beginning near the east margin of the Green Mountain massif and extending along the eastern one-third of the Berkshire massif as far south as Otis, Massachusetts, suggest that the area has been retrograded during a metamorphism that peaked at least 376 ± 5 m.y. ago (Acadian).
Available age and petrologic data from western New England indicate the presence of at least three separate metamorphic-structural domains of Taconian age: (1) a small area of relict high-pressure and low-temperature metamorphism in northern Vermont (T-1 domain), (2) a broad area in Vermont and eastern New York of normal Barrovian metamorphism from chlorite to garnet grade and characterized by a gentle metamorphic gradient (T-2 domain), and (3) a rather narrow belt of steep-gradient, Barrovian series metamorphic rocks extending from near the Cortlandt Complex northeastward through Dutchess County, New York, to the Berkshire massif in western Massachusetts (T-3 domain). Areas of maximum metamorphic intensity within the T-3 domain coincide with areas of maximum crustal thickening resulting from imbricate thrusting (Berkshire massif) or from recumbent folding (Manhattan Prong) of remobilized North American continental crust in the later stages of the Taconic orogeny.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<123:AAKDBO>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Sutter, J.F., Ratcliffe, N.M., and Mukasa, S., 1985, 40Ar/39Ar and K-Ar data bearing on the metamorphic and tectonic history of western New England: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 96, no. 1, p. 123-136, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<123:AAKDBO>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"136","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220304,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.71683860031261,\n 43.14936147487742\n ],\n [\n -73.71683860031261,\n 41.42652808796893\n ],\n [\n -72.88187766281217,\n 41.42652808796893\n ],\n [\n -72.88187766281217,\n 43.14936147487742\n ],\n [\n -73.71683860031261,\n 43.14936147487742\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e264e4b0c8380cd45b3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sutter, J. F.","contributorId":59779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ratcliffe, N. M.","contributorId":80691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"N.","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mukasa, S.B.","contributorId":89568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mukasa","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013326,"text":"70013326 - 1985 - Petrology and tectonic significance of augen gneiss from a belt of Mississippian granitoids in the Yukon-Tanana terrane, east- central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-17T15:51:45","indexId":"70013326","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrology and tectonic significance of augen gneiss from a belt of Mississippian granitoids in the Yukon-Tanana terrane, east- central Alaska","docAbstract":"An approximately E-W-trending belt of porphyritic peraluminous granitic rocks, metamorphosed and deformed to augen gneiss, is exposed for 400 km across the Yukon-Tanana terrain. Chemical, textural, and isotopic data from large augen-gneiss bodies indicate that these bodies originated as early Mississippian granitic rocks that assimilated, or were anatectically derived from, early Proterozoic crust or metasedimentary rocks. This plutonic belt probably formed in a middle Palaeozoic continental magmatic arc that developed near the edge of a Precambrian craton somewhere along the western margin of North America and was later translated NW to its present location. U/Pb zircon data and concordance of augen-gneiss contacts with metamorphic layering and with probable late-stage sills suggest that regional metamorphism to amphibolite facies of these rocks was synchronous (late kinematic) with intrusion of the porphyritic granitic protolith. -L.di H.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<411:PATSOA>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Dusel-Bacon, C., and Aleinikoff, J.N., 1985, Petrology and tectonic significance of augen gneiss from a belt of Mississippian granitoids in the Yukon-Tanana terrane, east- central Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 96, no. 4, p. 411-425, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<411:PATSOA>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"411","endPage":"425","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.10546875,\n 61.14323525084058\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 61.14323525084058\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 66.47820814385636\n ],\n [\n -153.10546875,\n 66.47820814385636\n ],\n [\n -153.10546875,\n 61.14323525084058\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a782be4b0c8380cd78658","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aleinikoff, John N. 0000-0003-3494-6841 jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":1478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"John","email":"jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013093,"text":"70013093 - 1985 - Interannual streamflow variability in the United States based on principal components","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T18:02:29","indexId":"70013093","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interannual streamflow variability in the United States based on principal components","docAbstract":"Interannual modes of streamflow variation at 106 locations across the United States during the period 1931–1978 are defined by using principal components. Five statistically significant components are found to account for more than 56% of the total streamflow variance. The first principal component represents a nationwide tendency for either above- or below-mean streamflow. The second component represents a north-south opposition in departures from mean flow, and the third, an east-west opposition. Higher-order components (fourth and fifth) geographically depict regional patterns of opposition in the sign of streamflow departures between coastal-continental areas and between the northern and southern plains, respectively. Analyses using spatially and temporally modified data sets indicate that the first three components (which explain 45% of the variance) are quite stable spatially, while only the first component is stable temporally. Time series analysis of principal component scores indicates that all but the fourth component are first-order autoregressive processes, as is mean annual nationwide streamflow. The fourth component is an autoregressive (AR)(2) process. In general, the principal components of streamflow are found to exhibit more persistence over annual time scales than the mean annual flow data themselves.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i005p00691","usgsCitation":"Lins, H.F., 1985, Interannual streamflow variability in the United States based on principal components: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 5, p. 691-701, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i005p00691.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"691","endPage":"701","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"21","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ce6e4b0c8380cd63139","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lins, Harry F. 0000-0001-5385-9247 hlins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-9247","contributorId":1505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lins","given":"Harry","email":"hlins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":365266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013085,"text":"70013085 - 1985 - Review of radiometric data from the Yukon crystalline terrane, Alaska and Yukon Territory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-22T13:43:33.339161","indexId":"70013085","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Review of radiometric data from the Yukon crystalline terrane, Alaska and Yukon Territory","docAbstract":"The results of more than 20 years of geochronological studies in the Yukon Crystalline Terrane in east-central Alaska and the western Yukon Territory suggest at least six igneous and thermal (metamorphic?) events. Plutonism during Mississippian, Early Jurassic, mid-Cretaceous, Late Cretaceous, and early Tertiary times is indicated. Evidence also indicates that Mississippian, Early Jurassic, late Early Cretaceous, and late Cretaceous thermal (metamorphic?) events have affected parts of the terrane. The western part of the terrane was affected by a significant regional metamorphic event in late Early Cretaceous time, followed by a terrane-wide mid-Cretaceous plutonic event. The pattern of K–Ar ages allows division of the terrane into domains, bounded by northeast-trending lineaments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/e85-054","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., Smith, J., and Shew, N.B., 1985, Review of radiometric data from the Yukon crystalline terrane, Alaska and Yukon Territory: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 22, no. 4, p. 525-537, https://doi.org/10.1139/e85-054.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"525","endPage":"537","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220623,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Yukon Territory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.51883061137877,\n 65.32194082705297\n ],\n [\n -151.25206169421065,\n 63.0309699538179\n ],\n [\n -150.66895284118078,\n 63.19728876362498\n ],\n [\n -148.63702067089483,\n 63.47986896015658\n ],\n [\n -146.42542950151739,\n 63.39867790921082\n ],\n [\n -144.44632308248936,\n 63.186267580160404\n ],\n [\n -142.97582625471003,\n 62.55095482575604\n ],\n [\n -141.00464129063283,\n 61.99930737243639\n ],\n [\n -139.22927937338298,\n 61.21289443531671\n ],\n [\n -137.63183389378898,\n 60.6816225630009\n ],\n [\n -137.6866320994412,\n 64.46269841238532\n ],\n [\n -139.35532331186198,\n 64.8432147697076\n ],\n [\n -141.3202898879087,\n 65.30494120841993\n ],\n [\n -144.00274995368412,\n 65.70286460976925\n ],\n [\n -147.170413284853,\n 66.01636537440712\n ],\n [\n -150.11392640247573,\n 65.817827413815\n ],\n [\n -151.51883061137877,\n 65.32194082705297\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aac7be4b0c8380cd86d54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":365248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, James G.","contributorId":44534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"James G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":365249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shew, Nora B. 0000-0003-0025-7220 nshew@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0025-7220","contributorId":3382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shew","given":"Nora","email":"nshew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":365250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013068,"text":"70013068 - 1985 - Geochemistry of groundwater in Cretaceous sediments of the southeastern coastal plain of eastern Mississippi and western Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T18:01:26","indexId":"70013068","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of groundwater in Cretaceous sediments of the southeastern coastal plain of eastern Mississippi and western Alabama","docAbstract":"Geochemical samples of waters along two hydrologic flow paths in four Upper Cretaceous aquifers of northeastern Mississippi and western Alabama indicate similar geochemical evolution of their respective waters. The waters of the Coker, Gordo, and Eutaw-McShan aquifers, noncalcareous sands, increase downgradient in dissolved solids and pH, and are dominated by sodium and bicarbonate ions, which generally result from a calcite dissolution-cation exchange process. Increases in dissolved iron from oxidation reduction reactions followed by decreases in total inorganic carbon from siderite precipitation occur along the flow paths. As the total inorganic carbon increases, carbon 13 (δ13C) generally is enriched in the moving waters, indicating the addition of a predominantly heavy source of carbon, most likely dissolving calcite. In the Coker aquifer δ13C values in the waters become more negative downgradient, resulting from lignite oxidation, followed by δ13C values becoming more positive, resulting from dissolving calcite and perhaps some mixing with brines. In northeastern Mississippi the Ripley aquifer, a calcareous sand, initially contains calcium-bicarbonate dominated water that evolves to a sodium- bicarbonate dominated water downgradient, primarily from the calcite dissolution-cation exchange process. Feldspar hydrolysis to kaolinite dominates aluminosilicate reactions in the upgradient parts of the aquifers. Authigenesis of smectite clay may be occurring in the deeper, downgradient parts of the aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i010p01545","usgsCitation":"Lee, R.W., 1985, Geochemistry of groundwater in Cretaceous sediments of the southeastern coastal plain of eastern Mississippi and western Alabama: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 10, p. 1545-1556, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i010p01545.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1545","endPage":"1556","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Southeastern Coastal Plain","volume":"21","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a16fbe4b0c8380cd55334","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Roger W.","contributorId":105273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013055,"text":"70013055 - 1985 - Character and regional significance of Great Falls tectonic zone, east-central Idaho and west-central Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T17:01:30.219496","indexId":"70013055","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Character and regional significance of Great Falls tectonic zone, east-central Idaho and west-central Montana","docAbstract":"The Great Falls tectonic zone, here named, is a belt of diverse northeast-trending geologic features that can be traced from the Idaho batholith in the Cordilleran miogeocline, across thrust-belt structures and basement rocks of west-central and southwestern Montana, through cratonic rocks of central Montana, and into southwesternmost Saskatchewan, Canada. Geologic mapping in east-central Idaho and west-central Montana has outlined a continuous zone of high-angle faults and shear zones. These structures (1) extend more than 150 km (93 mi) northeastward from near Salmon, Idaho, toward Anaconda, Montana, (2) had recurrent movement from middle Proterozoic to Holocene time, (3) controlled the intrusion and orientation of Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary dike swarms, and (4) ontrolled the uplift and orientation of the Anaconda-Pintlar Range. Recurrent fault movement in this zone and strong structural control over igneous intrusion suggest a fundamental tectonic feature that has influenced the tectonic development of the Idaho-Montana area from at least middle Proterozoic time to the present.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/AD462506-16F7-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"O’Neill, J.M., and Lopez, D.A., 1985, Character and regional significance of Great Falls tectonic zone, east-central Idaho and west-central Montana: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 69, no. 3, p. 437-447, https://doi.org/10.1306/AD462506-16F7-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"437","endPage":"447","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220229,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana","otherGeospatial":"Great Falls tectonic zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.94970703125,\n 44.62175409623324\n ],\n [\n -111.20361328125,\n 44.62175409623324\n ],\n [\n -111.20361328125,\n 46.76996843356982\n ],\n [\n -115.94970703125,\n 46.76996843356982\n ],\n [\n -115.94970703125,\n 44.62175409623324\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"69","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2cae4b0c8380cd4b38e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Neill, J. Michael jmoneill@usgs.gov","contributorId":99522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"J.","email":"jmoneill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lopez, David A.","contributorId":79445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013048,"text":"70013048 - 1985 - The role of erosion by fish in shaping topography around Hudson submarine canyon.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T16:38:35","indexId":"70013048","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of erosion by fish in shaping topography around Hudson submarine canyon.","docAbstract":"An 800-km 2 area of rough topography around the head of Hudson Canyon off the eastern United States is attributed to erosion by tilefish ( Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps ) and associated species of crustaceans. The rough topography has a relief of 1-10 m, occurs in water depths of 120-500 m, and has been cut into a semilithified, silty clay substrate since the onset of the Holocene transgression. Commercial fishing activity indicates that a large population of tilefish, which dig burrows in the sea floor, occupy the area of the rough topography. Average tilefish burrows are 1.6 m in diameter and 1.7 m in depth. They have a clustered, not uniform, distribution, and their average density is 2,500 per km 2 . The close match of areas of rough topography and high tilefish populations, the active burrowing of the sea floor, and the clustered distribution of the burrows suggest that the hummocky topography in this area may be the result of continuous erosion by tilefish and associated crustaceans during the Holocene. An erosion rate of 13 cm per 1,000 years is necessary to create this topography during the past 13,000 years--and 18 cm per 1,000 years if(as is more likely based on the depths at which tilefish presently are found) the erosion started 9,000 years ago.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.1306/212F87C9-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D","issn":"00224472","usgsCitation":"Twichell, D., Grimes, C.B., Jones, R.S., and Able, K., 1985, The role of erosion by fish in shaping topography around Hudson submarine canyon.: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 55, no. 5, p. 712-719, https://doi.org/10.1306/212F87C9-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"712","endPage":"719","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.6,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 39.75\n ],\n [\n -72.6,\n 39.75\n ],\n [\n -72.6,\n 39\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf6be4b08c986b32479a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twichell, D.C.","contributorId":84304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grimes, Craig B.","contributorId":68261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimes","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, R. S.","contributorId":26288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Able, K.W.","contributorId":66786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Able","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70013024,"text":"70013024 - 1985 - The effects of grazers and light penetration on the survival of transplants of Vallisneria americana Michs in the tidal Potomac River, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-03T17:49:04.506001","indexId":"70013024","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The effects of grazers and light penetration on the survival of transplants of Vallisneria americana Michs in the tidal Potomac River, Maryland","title":"The effects of grazers and light penetration on the survival of transplants of Vallisneria americana Michs in the tidal Potomac River, Maryland","docAbstract":"Poor light penetration and grazing are among the factors potentially responsible for the lack of submersed aquatic macrophytes in the tidal Potomac River. Between 1980 and 1983, plugs, springs and tubers of Vallisneria americana Michx were transplanted from the oligohaline Potomac Estuary to six sites in the freshwater tidal Potomac River. Transplants made in 1980 and 1981 were generally successful only when protected by full exclosures which prevented grazing. Grazing resulted in the removal of whole plants or clipping off of plant leaves in unprotected plots. Plants protected in the first year were permanently established, despite the occurrence of grazing in subsequent years, at Elodea Cove and Rosier Bluff, where light penetration was high (average 1% light level was 1.6–1.7 m). Plants were not permanent;y established at Goose Island, where light penetration was lower (average 1% light level was 1.4 m) and grazing occurred, or Neabsco Bay where light penetration was very low (average 1% light level was 1.0 m) and grazing may not have occurred. In 1983, Secchi depth transparencies in the upper tidal river were improved significantly compared to 1978–1981. Both protected and unprotected transplants thrived in 1983.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0304-3770(85)90066-X","usgsCitation":"Carter, V., and Rybicki, N.B., 1985, The effects of grazers and light penetration on the survival of transplants of Vallisneria americana Michs in the tidal Potomac River, Maryland: Aquatic Botany, v. 23, no. 3, p. 197-213, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(85)90066-X.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"213","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219887,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.22855763178708,\n 38.59197201572752\n ],\n [\n -77.14942357452662,\n 38.598464452803654\n ],\n [\n -77.10133105353873,\n 38.6237451892448\n ],\n [\n -77.0882149114515,\n 38.6479926563467\n ],\n [\n -77.09564739196809,\n 38.671549236628664\n ],\n [\n -76.99771353104805,\n 38.68895564184464\n ],\n [\n -76.99552750736672,\n 38.738762332152504\n ],\n [\n -77.01301593816976,\n 38.80727509735124\n ],\n [\n -77.01126711922468,\n 38.85597788791455\n ],\n [\n -77.02919251341086,\n 38.85461602513939\n ],\n [\n -77.03575058445406,\n 38.822945364754844\n ],\n [\n -77.03575058445406,\n 38.789897510057386\n ],\n [\n -77.03924822234423,\n 38.74728746603765\n ],\n [\n -77.04274586023436,\n 38.71147536450266\n ],\n [\n -77.0816570817606,\n 38.70465197660971\n ],\n [\n -77.11444743697908,\n 38.68588430232515\n ],\n [\n -77.14461455361123,\n 38.662332266896414\n ],\n [\n -77.12668915942506,\n 38.63877265485374\n ],\n [\n -77.22899506770776,\n 38.59197191544166\n ],\n [\n -77.22855763178708,\n 38.59197201572752\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab7de4b08c986b322ea4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, Virginia","contributorId":12018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Virginia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rybicki, Nancy B. 0000-0002-2205-7927 nrybicki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2205-7927","contributorId":2142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybicki","given":"Nancy","email":"nrybicki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":365107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013022,"text":"70013022 - 1985 - Isotopic studies of the late Archean plutonic rocks of the Wind River Range, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-28T21:49:47.633743","indexId":"70013022","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isotopic studies of the late Archean plutonic rocks of the Wind River Range, Wyoming","docAbstract":"Isotopic studies of the Rb-Sr and U-Th-Pb systems in whole-rock samples and the U-Pb systematics for zircons document the existence of two late Arehean intrusive events in the Wind River Range. All of the systems examined indicate an age of ∼2,630 ± 20 m.y. for the Louis Lake batholith. Apparent ages for the Bears Ears pluton range from 2,504 ± 40 m.y. to 2,575 ± 50 m.y. The scatter in apparent ages for the Bears Ears pluton does not appear to be primarily the result of disturbance by postintrusive events, but it may be explained by an isotopically inhomogenous magma at the time of intrusion.
Data for a few samples indicate that the Wind River Range was affected locally by a postmagmatic hydrothermal event that was approximately Tertiary in age. This event lowered δ18O values and disturbed parent-daughter relationships in most of the isotopic systems investigated, but it was recent enough that there is no demonstrable effect in the Pb-Pb system.
The Bears Ears pluton has some chemical and petrologic features that are similar to those reported for the granites in the Granite Mountains to the east. These granites are spatially associated with low-temperature uranium deposits of Tertiary age and have been shown to have lost large amounts of uranium during the early to middle Tertiary. U-Pb systematics indicate, however, that the low to moderate uranium contents and highly variable Th/U values noted for the Bears Ears pluton are best interpreted as being primary features. If uranium was lost after magma generation, the loss most likely occurred at the time of intrusion. Such a loss could account for uraniferous Precambrian pegmatites southwest of the main part of the Range.
The two intrusive units apparently were derived from different protoliths that were formed during early to middle Archean. Initial isotopic ratios and petrochemistry for the Louis Lake batholith are consistent with an early Archean trondhjemitic to tonalitic source. The protolith for the Bears Ears pluton must have been more evolved and somewhat younger. Inconsistencies as to the degree of evolution of this protolith, as inferred from isotopic and trace-element data, suggest that the protolith may have been subjected to high-grade meta-morphism that caused loss of Rb and U prior to generation of the magma.
The Ammonoosuc Volcanics and equivalent rocks of Ordovician age are exposed in the Oliverian domes along the Bronson Hill anti-clinorium (BHA) between northern New Hampshire and southern Connecticut. In western New Hampshire and adjacent Vermont and Massachusetts, the Ammonoosuc lithology consists of a lower, mainly mafic unit of homblende-plagioclase amphibolite, and an upper, mainly felsic, metamorphosed quartz keratophyre tuff. These lithologies are locally interlayered, and both are intruded by sills, dikes, and plugs of trondhjemite. Trondhjemite also constitutes the interior gneissic “core” of several small domes or plutons. The trondhjemite is highly siliceous (SiO2 = 73%–81%), low in A12O3 (11.3%–13.5%), generally contains < 1% K2O, and thus resembles some trondhjemites in island-arc or continental-margin settings. Chemical trends of both trondhjemite and Ammonoosuc Volcanics (felsic and mafic) are essentially calc-alkaline.
Variations in both major and trace elements of trondhjemites in several of the domes suggest several somewhat different sources along the BHA. Overall, however, the major- and minor-element chemistry of the trondhjemites is closely similar to that of the Ammonoosuc quartz keratophyre tuff. These rocks could have been produced either by partial melting or by fractional crystallization of basaltic source rocks. The partial-melting model is preferred because of the largely bimodal basalt-quartz keratophyre Ammonoosuc assemblage in which andesitic and other intermediate compositions are virtually lacking. The relatively thin Ammonoosuc section appears to preclude generation of trondhjemite at the presently exposed base of an island arc, as has been postulated for very similar trondhjemite-amphibolite assemblages (Twillingate trondhjemite, Little Port Complex) in Newfoundland. Instead, generation of the felsic Ammonoosuc rocks more likely occurred at deeper levels along a subduction zone dipping eastward under the BHA, as postulated in current plate-tectonic models. The close juxtaposition in space and time of sialic crust and Ammonoosuc Volcanics may explain the calc-alkaline trends of the latter and suggests a paleotectonic environment of convergent oceanic-continental plate margins, possibly with significant crustal shortening across the arc.
Two phases (pink and white granite) of the Sebago batholith of southwestern Maine have been dated by the U-Pb zircon method. Identical upper concordia intercepts of both rocks indicate an intrusive age of 325 ± 3 m.y. for the batholith. The lower intercept of the pink-phase sample, 114 ± 13 m.y., is inferred to represent episodic lead loss due to the intrusion of the nearby Cretaceous Pleasant Mountain stock. The lower intercept of the white-phase sample, 18 ± 21 m.y., suggests only modern dilatancy lead loss. Monazites have ages of 272 m.y. (pink) and 282 m.y. (white) which are thought to be cooling ages. Rb-Sr whole-rock data have low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.7031 (pink) and 0.7053 (white). These data, in conjunction with published 40Ar/39Ar, Rb-Sr, K-Ar, and fission-track ages, suggest that little or no uplift occurred in this part of New England until the Permian and that the uplift rate from 275 m.y. to 225 m.y. was ∼3 times as rapid as was the rate for 225 m.y. to the present. The Carboniferous age of the Sebago batholith suggests that currently accepted metamorphic and tectonic interpretations for southwestern Maine and for east-central New Hampshire require revision.
Evidence for previous periods of hydrothermal activity in Long Valley caldera exists in the form of extensive deposits of hydrothermal alteration products at several locations within the caldera and saline deposits in Searles Lake which contain mineral assemblages contributed by hot spring discharge from Long Valley. Hydrothermal activity was more intense in the past and probably involved fluid circulation to depths of several kilometers or more with heat supplied by the Long Valley magma chamber. During the past 40,000 years the heat source may have shifted to the Inyo-Mono magmatic system beneath the west moat, where deep fluid circulation supplied hot water to shallower zones of lateral flow within the Bishop Tuff beneath the resurgent dome. The present-day hydrothermal system in Long Valley appears to consist of two principal zones in which hot water flows laterally from west to east at depths of less than 1 km within and around the resurgent dome. Maximum measured temperatures within these zones are near 170°C, but estimates from chemical geothermometers and extrapolation of a high-temperature gradient measured in a recent drill hole indicate that a source reservoir at temperatures near 240° may exist at greater depths within the Bishop Tuff beneath the west moat. Regions possibly containing silicic melt detected by shear wave attenuation at depths of 4–5 km beneath the resurgent dome have probably not been in place long enough to influence sensibly the overlying thermal regime within the upper 2 km of caldera fill.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB090iB13p11219","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Sorey, M., 1985, Evolution and present state of the hydrothermal system in Long Valley caldera: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 90, no. B13, p. 11219-11228, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB090iB13p11219.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"11219","endPage":"11228","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222563,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"B13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d76e4b0c8380cd5302b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012927,"text":"70012927 - 1985 - Composition and morphology of ferromanganese coatings on glacial erratics in Lydonia Canyon, United States East Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T12:44:22","indexId":"70012927","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Composition and morphology of ferromanganese coatings on glacial erratics in Lydonia Canyon, United States East Coast","docAbstract":"Ferromanganese coatings have been found on glacial erratics in Lydonia Canyon, off the United States northeastern coast. The coatings, which are about 17 ??m thick, consist of an outer manganese-rich layer which covers the top of the erratic, a middle transitional layer, and an internal iron-rich layer that encircles the entire surface of the erratic. Chemical analyses of the coatings, when compared with similar data on abyssal marine ferromanganese deposits, reveal comparable Mn/Fe ratios, higher P and Ti concentrations, and an order of magnitude less of Co, Ni, Cu, and most other metals. A comparison of the Lydonia Canyon coatings with desert varnishes reveals obvious chemical, mineralogical, and morphological differences.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geo-Marine Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF02233938","issn":"02760460","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., O’Leary, D.W., and Commeau, R., 1985, Composition and morphology of ferromanganese coatings on glacial erratics in Lydonia Canyon, United States East Coast: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 5, no. 2, p. 127-133, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02233938.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"133","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.69750976562499,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -67.5,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -67.5,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -68.69750976562499,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -68.69750976562499,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f91ee4b0c8380cd4d43c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, L.J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Leary, Dennis W.","contributorId":91501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Leary","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Commeau, R.F.","contributorId":62194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Commeau","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012906,"text":"70012906 - 1985 - Stratigraphic and interregional changes in Pennsylvanian coal-swamp vegetation: Environmental inferences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-24T01:21:13.132466","indexId":"70012906","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic and interregional changes in Pennsylvanian coal-swamp vegetation: Environmental inferences","docAbstract":"Quantitative analysis of Pennsylvanian coal-swamp vegetation provides a means of inferring organization and structure of communities. Distribution of these communities further provides inferences about environmental factors, including paleoclimate. Our observations are based on in situ, structurally preserved peat deposits in coal-ball concretions from 32 coal seams in the eastern one-half of the United States and from several seams in western Europe and on spore assemblages from more than 150 seams.
There were three times of particularly significant and nearly synchronous vegetational changes in the Midcontinent and Appalachian coal regions during the Pennsylvanian Period. Each was different in kind and magnitude. The first marked changes occurred during the early part of the Middle Pennsylvanian with the fluctuating decline in the high level of lycopod dominance. The abundance of cordaites increased. There was a rise in the occurrences of the lycopod herbs to form intercalated marshlands and an overall increase in floral diversity. Changes ensuing from this time also include shifts in dominant species of lycopod trees and a sustained rise in abundance and diversity of tree-fern spores. The next significant time of change was during the middle part of the Middle Pennsylvanian, representing both a culmination of earlier trends and expansions of cordaites in the Midcontinent where there was a maximum change in species without net loss of diversity. Tree ferns and medullosan pteridosperms attained subdominant levels of abundance and diverse lycopod species dominated except in the Atokan-Desmoinesian transition of the Midcontinent. The third and sharpest break occurred near the Middle—Late Pennsylvanian boundary when extinctionsof the dominant, coal-swamp lycopods allowed development of tree-fern dominance. The Late Pennsylvanian coal swamps apparently were colonized or recolonized mainly by species from outside coal swamps rather than by the survivor populations of the Middle Pennsylvanian swamps.
Paralleling the changes in floras through the Pennsylvanian are changes in preservational aspects of the peat. These include a decline in shoot/root ratios from approximately 1 to < 1 during the first time of vegetational changes and a rise in this ratio during the second; there was a parallel rise and fall in fusain abundance and a rise in wood/periderm ratios. The stratigraphic distribution of identified coal resources in the United States is interpreted as largely dependent on net changes in relative wetness of Pennsylvanian coal swamps, a pattern of drying during the first period of vegetational change, followed by a concomitant increase in continuous wet climate with brackish influence in the Midcontinent during the second; this was followed by a time of extreme moisture stress bringing on the third, and most severe, vegetational change.
Hydraulic fracturing stress measurements and a borehole televiewer survey were conducted in a 1.6‐km‐deep well at Auburn, New York. This well, which was drilled at the outer margin of the Appalachian Fold and Thrust Belt in the Appalachian Plateau, penetrates approximately 1540 m of lower Paleozoic sedimentary rocks and terminates 60 m into the Precambrian marble basement. Analysis of the hydraulic fracturing tests indicates that the minimum horizontal principal stress increases in a nearly linear fashion from 9.9±0.2 MPa at 593 m to 30.6±0.4 MPa at 1482 m. The magnitude of the maximum horizontal principal stress increases in a less regular fashion from 13.8±1.2 MPa to 49.0±2.0 MPa over the same depth range. The magnitudes of the horizontal principal stresses relative to the calculated overburden stress are somewhat lower than is the norm for this region and are indicative of a strike‐slip faulting regime that, at some depths, is transitional to normal faulting. As expected from the relative aseismicity of central New York State, however, analysis of the magnitudes of the horizontal principal stresses indicates, at least to a depth of 1.5 km, that frictional failure on favorably oriented preexisting fault planes is unlikely. Orientations of the hydraulic fractures at 593 and 919 m indicate that the azimuth of the maximum horizontal principal stress at Auburn is N83°E±15°, in agreement with other stress field indicators for this region. The borehole televiewer log revealed a considerable number of planar features in the Auburn well, the great majority of which are subhorizontal (dips < 5°) and are thought to be bedding plane washouts or drill bit scour marks. In addition, a smaller number of distinct natural fractures were observed on the borehole televiewer log. Of these, the distinct steeply dipping natural fractures in the lower half of the sedimentary section at Auburn tend to strike approximately east‐west, while those in the upper part of the well and in the Precambrian basement exhibit no strong preferred orientation. The origin of this east‐west striking fracture set is uncertain, as it is parallel both to the contemporary direction of maximum horizontal compression and to a late Paleozoic fracture set that has been mapped to the south of Auburn. In addition to these planar features the borehole televiewer log indicates paired dark bands on diametrically opposite sides of the borehole throughout the Auburn well. Processing of the borehole televiewer data in the time domain revealed these features to be irregular depressions in the borehole wall. As these depressions were consistently oriented in a direction at right angles to the direction of maximum horizontal compression, we interpret them to be the result of stress‐induced spalling of the borehole wall (breakouts).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB090iB07p05497","usgsCitation":"Hickman, S.H., Healy, J., and Zoback, M.D., 1985, In situ stress, natural fracture distribution, and borehole elongation in the Auburn Geothermal Well, Auburn, New York: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 90, no. B7, p. 5497-5512, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB090iB07p05497.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"5497","endPage":"5512","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"Auburn","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.05535888671874,\n 42.736926481692684\n ],\n [\n -76.3494873046875,\n 42.736926481692684\n ],\n [\n -76.3494873046875,\n 43.18314981723581\n ],\n [\n -77.05535888671874,\n 43.18314981723581\n ],\n [\n -77.05535888671874,\n 42.736926481692684\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"90","issue":"B7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a37cce4b0c8380cd61187","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, Stephen H. 0000-0003-2075-9615 hickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":2705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"Stephen","email":"hickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":364162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Healy, John H.","contributorId":19562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"John H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zoback, Mark D.","contributorId":102455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}