The National Water-Quality Assessment Program for the San Joaquin-Tulare Basins began in 1991 to study the effects of natural and anthropogenic influences on the quality of ground water, surface water, biology, and ecology. The San Joaquin-Tulare Basins study unit, which covers approximately 31,200 square miles in central California, is made up of the San Joaquin Valley, the eastern slope of the Coast Ranges to the west, and the western slope of the Sierra Nevada to the east. The sediments of the San Joaquin Valley can be divided into alluvial fans and basin deposits. The San Joaquin River receives water from tributaries draining the Sierra Nevada and Coast Ranges, and except for streams discharging directly to the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, is the only surface- water outlet from the study unit. The surface-water hydrology of the San Joaquin-Tulare Basins study unit has been significantly modified by development of water resources. Almost every major river entering the valley from the Sierra Nevada has one or more reservoirs. Almost every tributary and drainage into the San Joaquin River has been altered by a network of canals, drains, and wasteways. The Sierra Nevada is predominantly forested, and the Coast Ranges and the foothills of the Sierra Nevada are predominately rangeland. The San Joaquin Valley is dominated by agriculture, which utilized approximately 14.7 million acre-feet of water and 597 million pounds active ingredient of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers in 1990, and 88 million pounds active ingredient of pesticides in 1991. In addition, the livestock industry contributed 318 million pounds active ingredient of nitrogen and phosphorus from manure in 1987. This report provides the background information to assess the influence of these and other factors on water quality and to provide the foundation for the design and interpretation of all spatial data. These characterizations provide a basis for comparing the influences of human activities among basins and specific land use settings, as well as within and among study units at the national level.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974205","usgsCitation":"Gronberg, J.A., Dubrovsky, N.M., Kratzer, C.R., Domagalski, J.L., Brown, L.R., and Burow, K.R., 1998, Environmental setting of the San Joaquin-Tulare basins, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4205, vii, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974205.","productDescription":"vii, 45 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":413788,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13081.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":54206,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4205/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118944,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4205/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin-Tulare basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 34.798\n ],\n [\n -121.375,\n 34.798\n ],\n [\n -121.375,\n 38.707\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 38.707\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 34.798\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0fe4b07f02db5fec33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gronberg, JoAnn A.","contributorId":36594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gronberg","given":"JoAnn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dubrovsky, Neil M. 0000-0001-7786-1149 nmdubrov@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7786-1149","contributorId":1799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubrovsky","given":"Neil","email":"nmdubrov@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kratzer, Charles R.","contributorId":30619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kratzer","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":193860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Burow, Karen R. 0000-0001-6006-6667 krburow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-6667","contributorId":1504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burow","given":"Karen","email":"krburow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":32150,"text":"ofr98283 - 1998 - Flood-inundation map and water surface profiles for floods of selected recurrence intervals, Cosumnes River and Deer Creek, Sacramento County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-14T20:12:30.009878","indexId":"ofr98283","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-283","title":"Flood-inundation map and water surface profiles for floods of selected recurrence intervals, Cosumnes River and Deer Creek, Sacramento County, California","docAbstract":"The damage caused by the January 1997 floods along the Cosumnes River and Deer Creek generated new interest in planning and managing land use in the study area. The 1997 floodflow peak, the highest on record and considered to be a 150-year flood, caused levee failures at 24 locations. In order to provide a technical basis for floodplain management practices, the U.S. Goelogical Survey, in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, completed a flood-inundation map of the Cosumnes River and Deer Creek drainage from Dillard Road bridge to State Highway 99. Flood frequency was estimated from streamflow records for the Cosumnes River at Michigan Bar and Deer Creek near Sloughhouse. Cross sections along a study reach, where the two rivers generally flow parallel to one another, were used with a step-backwater model (WSPRO) to estimate the water-surface profile for floods of selected recurrence intervals. A flood-inundation map was developed to show flood boundaries for the 100-year flood. Water-surface profiles were developed for the 5-, 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year floods.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98283","usgsCitation":"Guay, J.R., Harmon, J.G., and McPherson, K.R., 1998, Flood-inundation map and water surface profiles for floods of selected recurrence intervals, Cosumnes River and Deer Creek, Sacramento County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-283, 1 Plate: 35.86 × 71.86 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98283.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 35.86 × 71.86 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":164371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":390540,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19429.htm"},{"id":60268,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0283/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Sacramento County","otherGeospatial":"Cosumnes River and Deep Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.376,\n 38.338\n ],\n [\n -121.15,\n 38.338\n ],\n [\n -121.15,\n 38.511\n ],\n [\n -121.376,\n 38.511\n ],\n [\n -121.376,\n 38.338\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e7029","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guay, Joel R.","contributorId":22403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guay","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harmon, Jerry G.","contributorId":30220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmon","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McPherson, Kelly R. 0000-0002-2340-4142 krmcpher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2340-4142","contributorId":1376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"Kelly","email":"krmcpher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":207843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":32179,"text":"ofr98561 - 1998 - Water-level changes (1975-98) in the Antelope Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-20T22:04:31.466716","indexId":"ofr98561","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-561","title":"Water-level changes (1975-98) in the Antelope Valley, California","docAbstract":"Antelope Valley is in the western part of the Mojave Desert in southern California, about 50 mi northeast of Los Angeles. Between 1975 and 1998, water levels in the valley have changed in response to a shift in ground-water use from agricultural to urban, declining in some areas and rising in others. A study to document these changes was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Antelope Valley Water Group. This report presents the water-level data and the changes that occurred during this study period.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98561","usgsCitation":"Carlson, C.S., and Phillips, S.P., 1998, Water-level changes (1975-98) in the Antelope Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-561, 2 Plates: 36.00 × 49.74 inches and 53.74 × 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98561.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 36.00 × 49.74 inches and 53.74 × 36.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":164381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":389514,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17833.htm"},{"id":60291,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0561/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60290,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0561/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Antelope Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.7490,\n 34.4080\n ],\n [\n -117.7,\n 34.4080\n ],\n [\n -117.7,\n 35.1880\n ],\n [\n -118.7490,\n 35.1880\n ],\n [\n -118.7490,\n 34.4080\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc913","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, Carl S. 0000-0001-7142-3519 cscarlso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7142-3519","contributorId":1694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Carl","email":"cscarlso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":207900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Steven P. 0000-0002-5107-868X sphillip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5107-868X","contributorId":1506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Steven","email":"sphillip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":207899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26887,"text":"wri984048 - 1998 - Simulation of ground-water flow, Dayton area, southwestern Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-12T12:11:47","indexId":"wri984048","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4048","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow, Dayton area, southwestern Ohio","docAbstract":"A numerical model was used simulate the regional ground-water-flow system in the Dayton area in southwestern Ohio. Ground water is the primary source of drinking water for the Dayton area. The aquifer consists of glacial sands and gravels in a buried bedrock valley. The shale bed rock in the area is poorly permeable, but the glacial deposits can yield up to 2,000 gallons per minute to wells. Interaction with surface water is an important component of the ground-water-flow system. \n\nA steady-state, three dimensional, three-layer MODFLOW model of the glacial deposits was constructed to simulate the ground-water-flow system. The modeled area encompasses about 241 mi2 in Montgomery, Greene, and Clark Counties. The model simulated steady-state conditions of September 1993 and included 187 pumped wells. Hydraulic conductivities in the model ranged from less than 1 foot per day to 450 feet per day. Simulated recharge rates ranged from 6 inches per year to 12.2 inches per year. Recharge was used in select areas to simulate inflow from the bed rock-valley walls. Measured water levels from 579 wells and streamflow gain-loss data from six river reaches were used to evaluate the model. Ninety-one percent of simulated heads were within 15 feet of the measured heads. The root-mean-square error and mean absolute difference between measured and simulated heads were 7.3 feet and 4.5 feet respectively for layer 1, 10.1 feet and 6.5 feet for layer 2, and 8.8 feet and 6.8 feet for layer 3. Recharge and river leakage accounts for 81 percent of the water entering the model; pumped wells and river leakage accounts for almost 91 percent of the ground water leaving the model. \n\nInteraction of the ground-water system and the major rivers, which include the Great Miami, Mad, Stillwater, and Little Miami Rivers, is known from previous investigations in the area; however, the model simulation indicates that the smaller streams also may have a significant local influence. The vertical hydraulic conductivity of the glacial deposits appears to have more effect on ground-water flow in some areas near the bed rock-valley walls than in the central areas of the valley. At a local scale, simulated heads in the central areas of the valley were generally insensitive to changes in aquifer parameters.\n\nThe sensitivity of the model to changes in simulated hydraulic properties of the aquifer was assessed by systematically changing model parameters in four subareas of the model. All areas of the model were sensitive to changes in recharge. Changes in other parameters, such as hydraulic conductivity or riverbed conductance, had variable effects. The sensitivity of the model can be used to indicate the types of additional hydrogeologic data that would be most useful to future investigations.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;Branch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984048","usgsCitation":"Dumouchelle, D., 1998, Simulation of ground-water flow, Dayton area, southwestern Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4048, v, 57 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984048.","productDescription":"v, 57 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4048/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":276458,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4048/report.pdf"},{"id":276459,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4048/plate-1.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f244e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumouchelle, D.H.","contributorId":83144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumouchelle","given":"D.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":33105,"text":"b1995WX - 1998 - Cenozoic deformation of the Franciscan Complex, eastern Santa Maria Basin, California. Regional thermal maturity of surface rocks, onshore Santa Maria Basin and Santa Barbara-Ventura Basin area, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":33105,"text":"b1995WX - 1998 - Cenozoic deformation of the Franciscan Complex, eastern Santa Maria Basin, California. Regional thermal maturity of surface rocks, onshore Santa Maria Basin and Santa Barbara-Ventura Basin area, California","indexId":"b1995WX","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"chapter":"W,X","title":"Cenozoic deformation of the Franciscan Complex, eastern Santa Maria Basin, California. Regional thermal maturity of surface rocks, onshore Santa Maria Basin and Santa Barbara-Ventura Basin area, California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33200,"text":"b1995 - 1991 - Evolution of sedimentary basins/onshore oil and gas investigations: Santa Maria Province","indexId":"b1995","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins/onshore oil and gas investigations: Santa Maria Province"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":33200,"text":"b1995 - 1991 - Evolution of sedimentary basins/onshore oil and gas investigations: Santa Maria Province","indexId":"b1995","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins/onshore oil and gas investigations: Santa Maria Province"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-24T20:15:28.912429","indexId":"b1995WX","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1995","chapter":"W,X","title":"Cenozoic deformation of the Franciscan Complex, eastern Santa Maria Basin, California. Regional thermal maturity of surface rocks, onshore Santa Maria Basin and Santa Barbara-Ventura Basin area, California","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Evolution of sedimentary basins/offshore oil and gas investigations: Santa Maria Province (Bulletin 1995)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1995WX","usgsCitation":"Wahl, A.D., Naeser, N.D., Isaacs, C.M., and Keller, M.A., 1998, Cenozoic deformation of the Franciscan Complex, eastern Santa Maria Basin, California. Regional thermal maturity of surface rocks, onshore Santa Maria Basin and Santa Barbara-Ventura Basin area, California: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1995, Report: 64 p.; 2 Plates: 54.00 × 31.00 inches and \t23.00 × 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1995WX.","productDescription":"Report: 64 p.; 2 Plates: 54.00 × 31.00 inches and \t23.00 × 36.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":60903,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1995w-x/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60902,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1995w-x/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160636,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1995w-x/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60904,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1995w-x/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":109813,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22234.htm","text":"Cenozoic deformation of the Franciscan complex, eastern Santa Maria basin, California","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"22234"},{"id":109814,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22235.htm","text":"Regional thermal maturity of surface rocks, onshore Santa Maria basin and Santa Barbara - Ventura basin area, California","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"22235"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Maria basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.87158203125,\n 34.21634468843463\n ],\n [\n -119.58618164062499,\n 34.21634468843463\n ],\n [\n -119.58618164062499,\n 35.31736632923788\n ],\n [\n -120.87158203125,\n 35.31736632923788\n ],\n [\n -120.87158203125,\n 34.21634468843463\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6f72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wahl, Arthur D.","contributorId":63062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naeser, Nancy D.","contributorId":82753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Isaacs, Caroline M.","contributorId":98755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isaacs","given":"Caroline","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keller, Margaret A. mkeller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"Margaret","email":"mkeller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25987,"text":"wri984044 - 1998 - Depth-duration frequency of precipitation for Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T13:29:42","indexId":"wri984044","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4044","title":"Depth-duration frequency of precipitation for Texas","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation, conducted a study of the depth-duration frequency of precipitation for Texas. Depth-duration frequency is an estimate of the depth of precipitation for a specified duration and frequency or recurrence interval. For this report, precipitation durations of 15, 30, and 60 minutes; 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours; and 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 days were investigated. The recurrence intervals for the frequencies range from 2 to 500 years.
\nThe time series of precipitation annual maxima for 173 fifteen-minute, 274 hourly, and 865 daily National Weather Service precipitation stations with at least 10 years of record in Texas provide the basis of depth-duration frequency for each identified duration. In total, about 3,030; 10,160; and 38,120 cumulative years of record are available for the 15-minute, hourly, and daily stations, respectively.
\nL-moment statistics of the precipitation annual maxima were calculated for each duration and for each station using unbiased L-moment estimators. The statistics calculated were the mean, L-scale, L-coefficient of variation, L-skew, and L-kurtosis. The mean for each station and duration was corrected for the bias associated with fixed-interval recording of precipitation. The generalized logistic distribution was determined, using L-moment ratio diagrams, as an appropriate probability distribution for modeling the frequency of annual maxima for durations of 15 minutes to 24 hours; whereas, the generalized extreme-value distribution was determined as appropriate for durations of 1 to 7 days.
\nThe location, scale, and shape parameters of the distributions for each duration and each station were calculated from the L-moments. These parameters were contoured using spatial interpolation, based on the geostatistical method of kriging, to produce 37 maps that depict the spatial variation and magnitude of each parameter. Contour maps of the shape parameter for the generalized extreme-value distribution for durations of 1 to 7 days are not presented; the root mean square errors of preliminary maps for 1- to 7-day shape parameters were not appreciably smaller than the statewide standard deviation. Therefore, a single statewide mean shape parameter was used for 1- to 7-day durations. The depth-duration frequency for any location in Texas can be estimated using the contour maps and the equation of the corresponding distribution.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri984044","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., 1998, Depth-duration frequency of precipitation for Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4044, Document: iv, 107 p.; Plate: 29 x 29 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984044.","productDescription":"Document: iv, 107 p.; Plate: 29 x 29 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326697,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri984044.JPG"},{"id":1990,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri98-4044/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db5460c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26014,"text":"wri984264 - 1998 - Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and other volatile organic compounds in lakes in Byram Township, Sussex County, New Jersey, summer 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-09T19:12:57.035582","indexId":"wri984264","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4264","title":"Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and other volatile organic compounds in lakes in Byram Township, Sussex County, New Jersey, summer 1998","docAbstract":"Water samples were collected from four lakes in Byram Township, Sussex County, N.J., in the summer of 1998 as part of an investigation of the occurrence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in domestic wells of lakeside communities. Cranberry Lake and Lake Lackawanna are surrounded by densely populated communities where the use of gasoline-powered watercraft is prevalent, and water is supplied by lakeside wells. Forest Lake is surrounded by a densely populated community where the use of gasoline-powered watercraft is prohibited. Stag Pond is privately owned, is situated in a sparsely populated area, and is not navigated by gasoline-powered watercraft. Samples were collected from Cranberry Lake in early summer and again in late summer 1998. Concentrations of the gasoline oxygenate methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) ranged from 1.6 to 15.0 µg/L (micrograms per liter) on June 24 and decreased with depth. The depth-related concentration gradient is attributed to density stratification caused by the temperature gradient that is present in the lake during the early summer. MTBE concentrations ranged from 7.4 to 29.0 µg/L on September 8 and were uniform with depth, as was water temperature, indicating that the lake was vertically mixed. On the basis of these concentration profiles, the mass of MTBE in Cranberry Lake was estimated to be 15 kilograms on June 24 and 27 kilograms on September 8. These mass estimates are equal to the amount of MTBE in 52 and 95 gallons, respectively, of gasoline that contains 10 percent MTBE by volume. Concentrations of another gasoline oxygenate, tert-amyl-methyl ether (TAME), ranged from 0.07 to 0.43 µg/L on June 24 and from 0.2 to 0.69 µg/L on September 8. The highest concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) were 0.18, 1.2, 0.18, and 0.97 µg/L, respectively, on June 24. All BTEX concentrations in Cranberry Lake on September 8 were less than 0.2 µg/L.
Samples were collected from Lake Lackawanna on September 9. Concentrations of MTBE and TAME ranged from 3.7 to 14.0 µg/L and from 0.17 to 0.38 µg/L, respectively. Like those in Cranberry Lake the previous day, BTEX concentrations were less than 0.2 µg/L, and VOC concentrations and water temperatures were nearly uniform with depth. The mass of MTBE in Lake Lackawanna on September 9 was estimated to be 6 kilograms, which is equal to the amount of MTBE in 21 gallons of gasoline that contains10 percent MTBE by volume. All VOC concentrations were less than 0.2 µg/L in samples collected from Forest Lake on September 8, 1998, and from Stag Pond on the following day.
Oxygenated gasoline is used in watercraft on lakes across northern New Jersey. Many of these lakes are surrounded by communities similar to those at Cranberry Lake and at Lake Lackawanna, which depend largely on wells for water supply. Therefore, a regional assessment of the occurrence of these compounds in lakes and ground water is needed to determine the effect of the use of oxygenated gasoline on water quality in lakeside environments throughout northern New Jersey.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984264","usgsCitation":"Baehr, A.L., and Zapecza, O.S., 1998, Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and other volatile organic compounds in lakes in Byram Township, Sussex County, New Jersey, summer 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4264, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984264.","productDescription":"8 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157606,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri984264.PNG"},{"id":411568,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13209.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":2019,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4264/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","county":"Sussex County","otherGeospatial":"Byram Township","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.754,\n 40.996\n ],\n [\n -74.754,\n 40.936\n ],\n [\n -74.686,\n 40.936\n ],\n [\n -74.686,\n 40.996\n ],\n [\n -74.754,\n 40.996\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a56e4b07f02db62d69a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baehr, Arthur L.","contributorId":104523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baehr","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zapecza, Otto S. ozapecza@usgs.gov","contributorId":3687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zapecza","given":"Otto","email":"ozapecza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":195643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":23092,"text":"ofr98165 - 1998 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory - Determination of elements in whole-water digests using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T16:59:49.533999","indexId":"ofr98165","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-165","displayTitle":"Methods of Analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory - Determination of Elements in Whole-Water Digests Using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry","title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory - Determination of elements in whole-water digests using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) can be used to determine 26 elements in whole-water digests. Both methods have distinct advantages and disadvantages--ICP-OES is capable of analyzing samples with higher elemental concentrations without dilution, however, ICP-MS is more sensitive and capable of determining much lower elemental concentrations. Both techniques gave accurate results for spike recoveries, digested standard reference-water samples, and whole-water digests. Average spike recoveries in whole-water digests were 100 plus/minus 10 percent, although recoveries for digests with high dissolved-solid concentrations were lower for selected elements by ICP-MS. Results for standard reference-water samples were generally within 1 standard deviation of hte most probable values. Statistical analysis of the results from 43 whole-water digest indicated that there was no significant difference among ICP-OES, ICP-MS, and former official methods of analysis for 24 of the 26 elements evaluated.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98165","usgsCitation":"Garbarino, J.R., and Struzeski, T.M., 1998, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory - Determination of elements in whole-water digests using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (Revised Jul 2003): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-165, xii, 101 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98165.","productDescription":"xii, 101 p.","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12324,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nwql.usgs.gov/OFR-98-165.shtml","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52462,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0165/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0165/report-thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Revised Jul 2003","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62bb07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garbarino, John R. jrgarb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garbarino","given":"John","email":"jrgarb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":189418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Struzeski, Tedmund M. struzesk@usgs.gov","contributorId":3445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Struzeski","given":"Tedmund","email":"struzesk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":189419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24743,"text":"ofr991 - 1998 - Proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Front Range Infrastructure Resources Project stakeholder's Meeting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:29","indexId":"ofr991","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-1","title":"Proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Front Range Infrastructure Resources Project stakeholder's Meeting","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor,","doi":"10.3133/ofr991","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998, Proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Front Range Infrastructure Resources Project stakeholder's Meeting: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-1, iii, 42 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr991.","productDescription":"iii, 42 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0001/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53774,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0001/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db66043c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23934,"text":"ofr97242 - 1998 - Geologic, hydrologic, and water-quality data from selected boreholes and wells in and near Belvidere, Illinois, 1989-96","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-27T20:14:52.498186","indexId":"ofr97242","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-242","title":"Geologic, hydrologic, and water-quality data from selected boreholes and wells in and near Belvidere, Illinois, 1989-96","docAbstract":"This report presents selected geologic, hydrologic, and water-quality data collected in and near Belvidere, Ill., during 1989-96. The data were collected primarily by the U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in support of an ongoing ground-water study of the glacial drift aquifer and bedrock aquifers of Ordovician and Cambrian age underlying the area. These data were collected from 8 boreholes and 52 wells within a 4 square-mile urbanized part of the 80 square-mile study area.\r\nData include stratigraphic, lithologic, and physical descriptions of rock cores from 5 boreholes; geophysical logs of 23 boreholes; surface-geophysical surveys at 3 sites; ground-water levels at 46 wells; horizontal hydraulic conductivity estimated from slug tests at 32 boreholes and wells; and ground-water-quality information at 26 boreholes and wells. Ground-water-quality information include field characteristics and laboratory analyses of inorganic constituents, tritium, volatile organic compounds, and semivolatile organic compounds. Also included are construction logs for 11 monitoring wells and descriptions of the methods used for data collection.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97242","usgsCitation":"Mills, P., Yeskis, D., and Straub, T.D., 1998, Geologic, hydrologic, and water-quality data from selected boreholes and wells in and near Belvidere, Illinois, 1989-96: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-242, vi, 151 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97242.","productDescription":"vi, 151 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411080,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39603.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":53142,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0242/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0242/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Belvidere","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.855,\n 42.272\n ],\n [\n -88.855,\n 42.25\n ],\n [\n -88.8333,\n 42.25\n ],\n [\n -88.8333,\n 42.272\n ],\n [\n -88.855,\n 42.272\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688007","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, P. C.","contributorId":69117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"P. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yeskis, D.J.","contributorId":105334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeskis","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Straub, T. D.","contributorId":88775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straub","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29556,"text":"wri984108 - 1998 - Analysis of the sensitivity of soils to the leaching of agricultural pesticides in Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:01","indexId":"wri984108","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4108","title":"Analysis of the sensitivity of soils to the leaching of agricultural pesticides in Ohio","docAbstract":"Pesticides have not been found frequently in the ground waters of Ohio even though large amounts of agricultural pesticides are applied to fields in Ohio every year. State regulators, including representatives from Ohio Environmental Protection Agency and Departments of Agriculture, Health, and Natural Resources, are striving to limit the presence of pesticides in ground water at a minimum. A proposed pesticide management plan for the State aims at protecting Ohio's ground water by assessing pesticide-leaching potential using geographic information system (GIS) technology and invoking a monitoring plan that targets aquifers deemed most likely to be vulnerable to pesticide leaching.\r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Ohio Department of Agriculture, assessed the sensitivity of mapped soil units in Ohio to pesticide leaching. A soils data base (STATSGO) compiled by U.S. Department of Agriculture was used iteratively to estimate soil units as being of high to low sensitivity on the basis of soil permeability, clay content, and organic-matter content. Although this analysis did not target aquifers directly, the results can be used as a first estimate of areas most likely to be subject to pesticide contamination from normal agricultural practices.\r\n\r\nHigh-sensitivity soil units were found in lakefront areas and former lakefront beach ridges, buried valleys in several river basins, and parts of central and south- central Ohio. Medium-high-sensitivity soil units were found in other river basins, along Lake Erie in north-central Ohio, and in many of the upland areas of the Muskingum River Basin. Low-sensitivity map units dominated the northwestern quadrant of Ohio.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984108","usgsCitation":"Schalk, C.W., 1998, Analysis of the sensitivity of soils to the leaching of agricultural pesticides in Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4108, iv, 15 p. :maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984108.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p. :maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95765,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4108/report.pdf","size":"2477","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":95766,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4108/plate-1.pdf","size":"4632","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160418,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4108/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db680038","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schalk, C. W.","contributorId":64286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schalk","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23976,"text":"ofr98248 - 1998 - MORPH-I (Ver 1.0) a software package for the analysis of scanning electron micrograph (binary formatted) images for the assessment of the fractal dimension of enclosed pore surfaces","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":23976,"text":"ofr98248 - 1998 - MORPH-I (Ver 1.0) a software package for the analysis of scanning electron micrograph (binary formatted) images for the assessment of the fractal dimension of enclosed pore surfaces","indexId":"ofr98248","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"title":"MORPH-I (Ver 1.0) a software package for the analysis of scanning electron micrograph (binary formatted) images for the assessment of the fractal dimension of enclosed pore surfaces"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":23977,"text":"ofr0013 - 2000 - MORPH-II, a software package for the analysis of scanning-electron-micrograph images for the assessment of the fractal dimension of exposed stone surfaces","indexId":"ofr0013","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"MORPH-II, a software package for the analysis of scanning-electron-micrograph images for the assessment of the fractal dimension of exposed stone surfaces"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":23977,"text":"ofr0013 - 2000 - MORPH-II, a software package for the analysis of scanning-electron-micrograph images for the assessment of the fractal dimension of exposed stone surfaces","indexId":"ofr0013","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"MORPH-II, a software package for the analysis of scanning-electron-micrograph images for the assessment of the fractal dimension of exposed stone surfaces"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-09T15:56:47.202747","indexId":"ofr98248","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-248","title":"MORPH-I (Ver 1.0) a software package for the analysis of scanning electron micrograph (binary formatted) images for the assessment of the fractal dimension of enclosed pore surfaces","docAbstract":"MORPH-I is a set of C-language computer programs for the IBM PC and compatible minicomputers. The programs in MORPH-I are used for the fractal analysis of scanning electron microscope and electron microprobe images of pore profiles exposed in cross-section. The program isolates and traces the cross-sectional profiles of exposed pores and computes the Richardson fractal dimension for each pore. Other programs in the set provide for image calibration, display, and statistical analysis of the computed dimensions for highly complex porous materials. Requirements: IBM PC or compatible; minimum 640 K RAM; mathcoprocessor; SVGA graphics board providing mode 103 display.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98248","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Mossotti, V.G., Eldeeb, A.R., and Oscarson, R., 1998, MORPH-I (Ver 1.0) a software package for the analysis of scanning electron micrograph (binary formatted) images for the assessment of the fractal dimension of enclosed pore surfaces: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-248, Report: 21 p., Source code, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98248.","productDescription":"Report: 21 p., Source code","numberOfPages":"21","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155015,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280597,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0248/of98-248.EXE"},{"id":280596,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0248/pdf/of98-248.pdf"},{"id":1672,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0248/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648d68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mossotti, Victor G. mossotti@usgs.gov","contributorId":3494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mossotti","given":"Victor","email":"mossotti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":191074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eldeeb, A. Raouf","contributorId":64283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eldeeb","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Raouf","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oscarson, Robert","contributorId":99176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oscarson","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":44898,"text":"wri984120 - 1998 - Flood of September 10, 1996, in Bayamon, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:09","indexId":"wri984120","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4120","title":"Flood of September 10, 1996, in Bayamon, Puerto Rico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri984120","usgsCitation":"Torres-Sierra, H., 1998, Flood of September 10, 1996, in Bayamon, Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4120, 1 map : col. ; 89 x 57 cm. + 1 data sheet (102 x 66 cm.), folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984120.","productDescription":"1 map : col. ; 89 x 57 cm. + 1 data sheet (102 x 66 cm.), folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":99347,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4120/report.pdf","size":"59","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99348,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4120/plate-1.pdf","size":"4646","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99349,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4120/plate-2.pdf","size":"7701","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":161594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4120/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5eec1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torres-Sierra, Heriberto","contributorId":97913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres-Sierra","given":"Heriberto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44899,"text":"wri984196 - 1998 - Recharge-area delineation and hydrology, McCraken Springs, Fort Knox Military Reservation, Meade County, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T18:36:13.654704","indexId":"wri984196","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4196","title":"Recharge-area delineation and hydrology, McCraken Springs, Fort Knox Military Reservation, Meade County, Kentucky","docAbstract":"McCraken Springs, consisting of three perennial springs - Main, Bat Cave, and Rocky Springs—and several intermittent springs, are used as a source of public water by the Fort Knox Military Reservation in Meade County, Ky. The water supply provided by McCraken Springs is potentially vulnerable to natural and induced stresses on the karst aquifer and to degradation by contaminants introduced by stormwater entering sinkholes and a large sinking stream in the Springs' recharge area.
The U.S. Department of the Army is preparing a spring-basin protection plan for McCraken Springs, in accordance with State water-supply regulations and as specified under U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Guidelines for the Wellhead Protection Program (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1991). In order to provide the information needed to prepare the plan, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, conducted a hydrogeologic study of the McCraken Springs in 1997-98. This report presents the results of that investigation. Ground-water-tracer tests and the results of potentiometric-surface mapping were used to identify ground-water basins drained by major perennial springs and to delineate the approximate boundaries of the recharge area for McCraken Springs. Additional hydrologic data were collected to determine the discharge and recharge characteristics of the Springs.
Karst aquifers and springs are widely recognized as being more sensitive to degradation to point- and nonpoint-source contamination than most granular and fractured-rock aquifers (Field, 1990). Delineation of the geographic area contributing recharge to a water-supply spring is a principal step in identifying potential sources of ground-water contamination and developing a strategy to ensure the availability and protect the sustainability of the water supply. Conventional methods of aquifer testing and numerical modeling are not sufficient to determine the flow boundaries of ground-water basins in conduit-dominated karst aquifers. Previous studies published by Quinlan and Ewers (1989); Mull and others (1990); Bayless and others (1994); and Schindel and others (1995) demonstrate the utility of ground-water tracer tests, used in combination with potentiometric-surface mapping, to identify flow directions in karst aquifers, and to delineate karst ground-water-basin boundaries.
","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/wri984196","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Taylor, C.J., and McCombs, G.K., 1998, Recharge-area delineation and hydrology, McCraken Springs, Fort Knox Military Reservation, Meade County, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4196, Report: 12 p.; 1 Plate: 34.48 x 41.09 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984196.","productDescription":"Report: 12 p.; 1 Plate: 34.48 x 41.09 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":427879,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4196/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427878,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4196/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":161595,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4196/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","county":"Meade County","otherGeospatial":"Fort Knox Military Reservation, McCraken Springs","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.166667,\n 37.944445\n ],\n [\n -86.166667,\n 37.75\n ],\n [\n -86,\n 37.75\n ],\n [\n -86,\n 37.944445\n ],\n [\n -86.166667,\n 37.944445\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a75e4b07f02db644a6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Charles J.","contributorId":93100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCombs, Gregory K. gmccombs@usgs.gov","contributorId":5429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCombs","given":"Gregory","email":"gmccombs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27939,"text":"wri974282 - 1998 - Potentiometric surface of the Sparta aquifer in eastern and south-central Arkansas and north-central Louisiana, and the Memphis Aquifer in east-central Arkansas, October 1996-July 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:40","indexId":"wri974282","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4282","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Sparta aquifer in eastern and south-central Arkansas and north-central Louisiana, and the Memphis Aquifer in east-central Arkansas, October 1996-July 1997","docAbstract":"During the 1997 water year, the water level in the Sparta and Memphis aquifers was measured in about 274 wells in Arkansas, and the water level in the Sparta aquifer was measured in about 55 wells in Louisiana. The potentiometric surface data reveal spatial trends across the study area. In Arkansas, the altitude of the potentiometric surfaced ranged from 199 feet below sea level in Union County to 307 feet above sea level in Saline County. In Louisiana, the altitude of the potentiometric surface ranged from 224 feet below sea level in Ouachita Parish to 230 feet above sea level in Bienville Parish.\r\nThe general direction of ground-water flow in the Sparta and Memphis aquifers is from the west to the Southeast. The regional direction of ground-water flow in Arkansas is from the north and west to the south and east, away from the recharge zone in the outcrop and subcrop area, except near areas affected by intense ground-water withdrawals; such areas are manifested by large cones of depression centered in Columbia, Jefferson, and Union Counties. The regional ground-water flow in the Sparta aquifer in north-central Louisiana generally is downdip in an easterly direction from the recharge zone in the outcrop and subcrop area in the west toward the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The potentiometric surface of the Sparta aquifer in Arkansas and Louisiana exhibits cones of depression descending below sea level. Comparison of potentiometric surface maps through time shows that the cones of depression in Columbia and Union Counties are coalescing at or near the Columbia and Union County line. However, the general direction of ground-water movement indicates that heavy pumpage locally has altered or reversed the natural direction of flow in some areas. Flow in these areas is toward the cones of depression at the center of pumping. Hydrographs from wells in the Sparta and Memphis aquifers reveals that water levels have declined more than 2.0 feet per year in some wells. Long-term hydrographs of eight wells in Arkansas, during the period 1972-1997, reveal water-level declines ranging from less than 0.8 foot per year in Phillips County to more than 2.0 feet per year in Union County. Long-term hydrographs of two wells in Louisiana, during the period 1972-1997, reveal water-level declines were more than 2.0 feet per year in Lincoln and Ouachita Parishes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974282","usgsCitation":"Joseph, R.L., 1998, Potentiometric surface of the Sparta aquifer in eastern and south-central Arkansas and north-central Louisiana, and the Memphis Aquifer in east-central Arkansas, October 1996-July 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4282, iii, 19 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974282.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4282/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56752,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4282/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56753,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4282/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cc5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joseph, Robert L. rljoseph@usgs.gov","contributorId":3482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joseph","given":"Robert","email":"rljoseph@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":198936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29961,"text":"wri974203 - 1998 - Combining satellite data with ancillary data to produce a refined land-use/land-cover map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-18T10:44:47","indexId":"wri974203","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4203","title":"Combining satellite data with ancillary data to produce a refined land-use/land-cover map","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages Study Unit, a current map of land use and land cover is needed to gain a better understanding of how land use and land cover may influence water quality. Satellite data from the Landsat Thematic Mapper provides a means to map and measure the type and amount of various land-cover types across the Study Unit and can be easily updated as changes occur in the landscape or in water quality. Translating these land cover categories to land use, however, requires the use of other thematic maps or ancillary data layers, such as wetland inventories, population data, or road networks. This report describes a process of (1) using satellite imagery to produce a land-cover map for the Fox/Wolf River basin, a portion of the Western Lake Michigan Drainages NAWQA Study Unit and (2) improving the satellite-derived land-cover map by using other thematic maps. The multiple data layers are processed in a geographic information system (GIS), and the combination provides more information than individual sources alone.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974203","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program Western Lake Michigan Drainages","usgsCitation":"Stewart, J.S., 1998, Combining satellite data with ancillary data to produce a refined land-use/land-cover map: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4203, Report: vi, 11 p.; 3 Plates: 32.40 x 21.65 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974203.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 11 p.; 3 Plates: 32.40 x 21.65 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365712,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4203/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":365713,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4203/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":365714,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4203/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58779,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4203/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122580,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4203/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.429443359375,\n 45.61403741135093\n ],\n [\n -86.66015624999999,\n 46.40756396630067\n ],\n [\n -87.099609375,\n 46.41513877649202\n ],\n [\n -87.51708984375,\n 46.53619267489863\n ],\n [\n -87.71484375,\n 46.626806395355175\n ],\n [\n -88.033447265625,\n 46.7549166192819\n ],\n [\n -88.13232421875,\n 46.7549166192819\n ],\n [\n -88.39599609375,\n 46.76244305208004\n ],\n [\n -88.934326171875,\n 46.604167162931844\n ],\n [\n -89.176025390625,\n 46.52863469527167\n ],\n [\n -89.296875,\n 46.32417161725694\n ],\n [\n -89.84619140625,\n 45.4524242413431\n ],\n [\n -90.142822265625,\n 44.56699093657141\n ],\n [\n -90.274658203125,\n 43.667871610117494\n ],\n [\n -89.84619140625,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -89.47265625,\n 42.819580715795915\n ],\n [\n -88.9013671875,\n 42.69858589169842\n ],\n [\n -88.26416015625,\n 42.601619944327965\n ],\n [\n -87.791748046875,\n 42.48019996901214\n ],\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 42.827638636242284\n ],\n [\n -87.78076171875,\n 43.1811470593997\n ],\n [\n -87.5390625,\n 44.07969327425713\n ],\n [\n -87.308349609375,\n 44.55916341529184\n ],\n [\n -86.8359375,\n 45.22848059584359\n ],\n [\n -86.781005859375,\n 45.43700828867389\n ],\n [\n -86.737060546875,\n 45.460130637921004\n ],\n [\n -86.429443359375,\n 45.61403741135093\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae6dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, Jana S. 0000-0002-8121-1373 jsstewar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8121-1373","contributorId":539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Jana","email":"jsstewar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":202435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26256,"text":"wri974082D - 1998 - Dioxins and furans in bed sediment and fish tissue of the Willamette Basin, Oregon, 1992-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T22:59:43.358987","indexId":"wri974082D","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4082","chapter":"D","title":"Dioxins and furans in bed sediment and fish tissue of the Willamette Basin, Oregon, 1992-95","docAbstract":"Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) are related compounds that are of interest primarily because of their potential toxicity. They are considered carcinogens and have been implicated as hormone disrupters. An occurrence and distribution study of these compounds in the Willamette Basin, Oregon, was done by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1992- 1995. Bed sediment samples were collected at 22 sites, and fish tissue samples were collected from 8 sites. Samples were analyzed for 10 tetra- through octa- congener class totals and for 17 individual 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners. PCDD/Fs were found in bed sediment and fish tissue throughout the basin, including samples from the most remote forested sites. PCDD/F concentrations in bed sediment at most sites in agricultural and forested areas were similar to those at reference sites worldwide and are probably background concentrations due to atmospheric deposition. The highest concentrations in bed sediment were found at sites where industrial or urban inputs were likely. Potential toxicity at these sites (as measured by toxicity equivalents concentration) was high enough to be associated with increased risk to sensitive wildlife. From 30-60 percent of the toxicity equivalents concentration in bed sediment was due to hepta- and octa- congeners. The most toxic congener, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD), was detected at only 6 of 22 sites. Compared to bed sediment from the same site, fish tissue usually had a lower total PCDD/F concentration, but contained a higher proportion of the most toxic congeners, such as 2,3,7,8-TCDD and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran. Because of these differences, toxicity equivalents concentrations in fish were higher than those in bed sediment from the same site at half of the sites where both media were analyzed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974082D","usgsCitation":"Bonn, B.A., 1998, Dioxins and furans in bed sediment and fish tissue of the Willamette Basin, Oregon, 1992-95: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4082, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974082D.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395963,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48707.htm"},{"id":55058,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4082d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4082d/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.5333,\n 43.7333\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 43.7333\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 45.6667\n ],\n [\n -123.5333,\n 45.6667\n ],\n [\n -123.5333,\n 43.7333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aed45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonn, B. A.","contributorId":43388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonn","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3256,"text":"cir1176 - 1998 - Aggregates from natural and recycled sources; economic assessments for construction applications; a materials flow study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:21","indexId":"cir1176","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1176","title":"Aggregates from natural and recycled sources; economic assessments for construction applications; a materials flow study","docAbstract":"Increased amounts of recycled materials are being used to supplement natural aggregates (derived from crushed stone, sand and gravel) in road construction. An understanding of the economics and factors affecting the level of aggregates recycling is useful in estimating the potential for recycling and in assessing the total supply picture of aggregates. This investigation includes a descriptive analysis of the supply sources, technology, costs, incentives, deterrents, and market relationships associated with the production of aggregates.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir1176","usgsCitation":"Wilburn, D.R., and Goonan, T.G., 1998, Aggregates from natural and recycled sources; economic assessments for construction applications; a materials flow study: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1176, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1176.","productDescription":"40 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":53,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1998/c1176/c1176.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":120924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1176.bmp"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689193","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilburn, David R. 0000-0002-5371-7617 wilburn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5371-7617","contributorId":1755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilburn","given":"David","email":"wilburn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":146525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goonan, Thomas G. goonan@usgs.gov","contributorId":2761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goonan","given":"Thomas","email":"goonan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":146526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26102,"text":"wri964236 - 1998 - Geologic analysis of continuous high-resolution, seismic-reflection data from the Lincoln Point-Bird Island area, Utah Lake, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-01T19:54:19.34123","indexId":"wri964236","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4236","title":"Geologic analysis of continuous high-resolution, seismic-reflection data from the Lincoln Point-Bird Island area, Utah Lake, Utah","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964236","usgsCitation":"Baskin, R.L., and Berryhill, H.L., 1998, Geologic analysis of continuous high-resolution, seismic-reflection data from the Lincoln Point-Bird Island area, Utah Lake, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4236, Report; iv, 34 p.; 2 Plates: 33.00 × 24.19 inches and 32.78 × 24.19 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964236.","productDescription":"Report; iv, 34 p.; 2 Plates: 33.00 × 24.19 inches and 32.78 × 24.19 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395236,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48567.htm"},{"id":54891,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4236/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54890,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4236/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54889,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4236/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4236/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lincoln Point-Bird Island area, Utah Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.82236671447754,\n 40.138071811249304\n ],\n [\n -111.79507255554199,\n 40.138071811249304\n ],\n [\n -111.79507255554199,\n 40.15834443285218\n ],\n [\n -111.82236671447754,\n 40.15834443285218\n ],\n [\n -111.82236671447754,\n 40.138071811249304\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a835b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baskin, R. L.","contributorId":14460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baskin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berryhill, H. L. Jr.","contributorId":35361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berryhill","given":"H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21995,"text":"ofr97831 - 1998 - Organic contaminants in peninsula berms and agricultural soils at the Sonoma Baylands Wetland Demonstration Project site and adjacent seasonal wetlands, Sonoma County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T13:01:07","indexId":"ofr97831","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-831","title":"Organic contaminants in peninsula berms and agricultural soils at the Sonoma Baylands Wetland Demonstration Project site and adjacent seasonal wetlands, Sonoma County, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97831","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Pereira, W.E., Hostettler, F.D., Kvenvolden, K.A., Rosenbauer, R.J., and Murphy, F., 1998, Organic contaminants in peninsula berms and agricultural soils at the Sonoma Baylands Wetland Demonstration Project site and adjacent seasonal wetlands, Sonoma County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-831, 31 p., 4 figures and 11 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97831.","productDescription":"31 p., 4 figures and 11 tables","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154535,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0831/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51463,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0831/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae6e4b07f02db68bae7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, Wilfred E.","contributorId":95552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"Wilfred","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostettler, Frances D. fdhostet@usgs.gov","contributorId":3383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostettler","given":"Frances","email":"fdhostet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":186590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kvenvolden, Keith A. kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","contributorId":3384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"Keith","email":"kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenbauer, Robert J. brosenbauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbauer","given":"Robert","email":"brosenbauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murphy, Fred fmurphy@usgs.gov","contributorId":4572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Fred","email":"fmurphy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":29252,"text":"wri984178 - 1998 - Peak-discharge frequency and potential extreme peak discharge for natural streams in the Brazos River basin, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-22T22:59:29","indexId":"wri984178","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4178","title":"Peak-discharge frequency and potential extreme peak discharge for natural streams in the Brazos River basin, Texas","docAbstract":"The 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year peak discharges were estimated for 186 streamflow-gaging stations with at least 8 years of data for natural streams in and near the Brazos River Basin, Texas. Multiple regression equations were developed to estimate peak-discharge frequency for the 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year recurrence intervals for each of three hydrologic regions that compose the Brazos River Basin. The equations for each region are a function of significant basin characteristics (explanatory variables). The significant explanatory variables among six that were tested are the contributing drainage area and stream slope for regions 1 and 2 and the contributing drainage area for region 3. For the three sets of equations, the coefficient of determination ranges from 0.59 to 0.93, and the standard error ranges from 0.184 to 0.391 log units. A larger coefficient of determination and a lower standard error generally are associated with the equations for hydrologic regions 2 and 3. Statistics from the regression analysis allow computation of the prediction interval associated with a given significance level for a peak-discharge frequency estimate. The regression equations can be used to estimate peak discharges for sites at, near, or away from sites with streamflow-gaging stations.
\nThe potential extreme peak-discharge curves as related to contributing drainage area were estimated for each of the three hydrologic regions from measured extreme peaks of record at 186 sites with streamflow-gaging stations and from measured extreme peaks at 37 sites without streamflow-gaging stations in and near the Brazos River Basin. The potential extreme peak-discharge curves generally are similar for hydrologic regions 1 and 2, and the curve for region 3 consistently is below the curves for regions 1 and 2, which indicates smaller peak discharges.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri984178","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Brazos River Authority","usgsCitation":"Raines, T.H., 1998, Peak-discharge frequency and potential extreme peak discharge for natural streams in the Brazos River basin, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4178, Document: iv, 42 p.; Plate: 23 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984178.","productDescription":"Document: iv, 42 p.; Plate: 23 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri984178.JPG"},{"id":2247,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri98-4178/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Brazos River Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6884e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raines, Timothy H. thraines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"Timothy","email":"thraines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":201225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26738,"text":"wri974140 - 1998 - Ground-water recharge to and storage in the regolith-fractured crystalline rock aquifer system, Guilford County, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T09:38:00","indexId":"wri974140","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4140","title":"Ground-water recharge to and storage in the regolith-fractured crystalline rock aquifer system, Guilford County, North Carolina","docAbstract":"Quantitative information concerning recharge rates to aquifers and ground water in storage is needed to manage the development of ground- water resources. The amount of ground water available from the regolith-fractured crystalline rock aquifer system in Guilford County, North Carolina, is largely unknown. If historical patterns seen throughout the Piedmont continue into the future, the number of ground- water users in the county can be expected to increase. In order to determine the maximum population that can be supplied by ground water, planners and managers of suburban development must know the amount of ground water that can be withdrawn without exceeding recharge and(or) overdrafting water in long-term storage. Results of the study described in this report help provide this information. Estimates of seasonal and long-term recharge rates were estimated for 15 selected drainage basins and subbasins using streamflow data and an anlytical technique known as hydrograph separation. Methods for determining the quantity of ground water in storage also are described.\r\n\r\nGuilford County covers approximately 658 square miles in the central part of the Piedmont Province. The population of the county in 1990 was about 347,420; approximately 21 percent of the population depends on ground water as a source of potable supplies. Ground water is obtained from wells tapping the regolith-fractured crystalline rock aquifer system that underlies all of the county.\r\n\r\nUnder natural conditions, recharge to the ground-water system in the county is derived from infiltration of precipitation. Ground-water recharge from precipitation cannot be measured directly; however, an estimate of the amount of precipitation that infiltrates into the ground and ultimately reaches the streams of the region can be determined by the technique of hydrograph separation. Data from 19 gaging stations that measure streamflow within or from Guilford County were analyzed to produce daily estimates of ground-water recharge in 15 drainage basins and subbasins in the county. The recharge estimates were further analyzed to determine seasonal and long-term recharge rates, as well as recharge duration statistics.\r\n\r\nMean annual recharge in the 15 basins and subbasins ranges from 4.03 to 9.69 inches per year, with a mean value of 6.28 inches per year for all basins. In general, recharge rates are highest for basins in the northern and northwestern parts of the county and lowest in the southern and southeastern parts of the county. Median recharge rates in the 15 basins range from 2.47 inches per year (184 gallons per day per acre) to 9.15 inches per year (681 gallons per day per acre), with a median value of 4.65 inches per year (346 gallons per day per acre) for all basins.\r\n\r\nThe distribution of recharge rates in the county suggests a correlation between recharge rates and hydrogeologic units (and derived regolith). The highest recharge estimates occur in the northwestern part of Guilford County in basins unlain by felsic igneous intrusive rocks and lesser areas of metasedimentary rocks. Recharge estimates in this area range from 6.37 to 9.33 inches per year. Basins in the southwestern, central, and northeastern parts of the county are underlain primarily by metaigneous rocks of felsic and intermediate compositions, and recharge estimates range from 5.32 to 5.51 inches per year. In the extreme southern and southeastern parts of the county, the lower Deep River subbasin and the lower Haw River subbasins have the lowest estimated recharges at 4.15 and 4.03 inches per year, respectively. Although the areas of these subbasins that lie within Guilford County are underlain primarily by metaigneous rocks of felsic and intermediate compositions, the larger part of these subbasins lies south and southeast of Guilford County in areas underlain by hydrogeologic units of metavolcanic origin.\r\n\r\nThe distribution of recharge rates in the study area is almost the reverse of the distributio","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974140","usgsCitation":"Daniel, C.C., and Harned, D., 1998, Ground-water recharge to and storage in the regolith-fractured crystalline rock aquifer system, Guilford County, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4140, vi, 65 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974140.","productDescription":"vi, 65 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4140/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55617,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4140/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Guilford County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-80.0368,36.2543],[-79.8315,36.2505],[-79.686,36.2462],[-79.532,36.2416],[-79.5362,36.023],[-79.5421,35.9001],[-79.7425,35.9084],[-79.7493,35.9084],[-79.8987,35.915],[-79.9833,35.9182],[-80.0469,35.9209],[-80.043,36.0103],[-80.0368,36.2543]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Guilford\",\"state\":\"NC\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db667108","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daniel, C. C. III","contributorId":71953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"C.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harned, D.A.","contributorId":20331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harned","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5417,"text":"fs08798 - 1998 - Water use in Tennessee, 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:47","indexId":"fs08798","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"087-98","title":"Water use in Tennessee, 1995","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs08798","usgsCitation":"Hutson, S.S., 1998, Water use in Tennessee, 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 087-98, 1 folded sheet [4] p. : ill. (some col.), map ; 28 cm. ill. (some col.), map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs08798.","productDescription":"1 folded sheet [4] p. : ill. (some col.), map ; 28 cm. ill. (some col.), map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_087_98.jpg"},{"id":557,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://tn.water.usgs.gov/wustates/tn/factbackground.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602e61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutson, Susan S. sshutson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutson","given":"Susan","email":"sshutson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}