{"pageNumber":"346","pageRowStart":"8625","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10961,"records":[{"id":70013068,"text":"70013068 - 1985 - Geochemistry of groundwater in Cretaceous sediments of the southeastern coastal plain of eastern Mississippi and western Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T18:01:26","indexId":"70013068","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of groundwater in Cretaceous sediments of the southeastern coastal plain of eastern Mississippi and western Alabama","docAbstract":"<p><span>Geochemical samples of waters along two hydrologic flow paths in four Upper Cretaceous aquifers of northeastern Mississippi and western Alabama indicate similar geochemical evolution of their respective waters. The waters of the Coker, Gordo, and Eutaw-McShan aquifers, noncalcareous sands, increase downgradient in dissolved solids and&nbsp;</span><i>p</i><span>H, and are dominated by sodium and bicarbonate ions, which generally result from a calcite dissolution-cation exchange process. Increases in dissolved iron from oxidation reduction reactions followed by decreases in total inorganic carbon from siderite precipitation occur along the flow paths. As the total inorganic carbon increases, carbon 13 (δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C) generally is enriched in the moving waters, indicating the addition of a predominantly heavy source of carbon, most likely dissolving calcite. In the Coker aquifer δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C values in the waters become more negative downgradient, resulting from lignite oxidation, followed by δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C values becoming more positive, resulting from dissolving calcite and perhaps some mixing with brines. In northeastern Mississippi the Ripley aquifer, a calcareous sand, initially contains calcium-bicarbonate dominated water that evolves to a sodium- bicarbonate dominated water downgradient, primarily from the calcite dissolution-cation exchange process. Feldspar hydrolysis to kaolinite dominates aluminosilicate reactions in the upgradient parts of the aquifers. Authigenesis of smectite clay may be occurring in the deeper, downgradient parts of the aquifers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i010p01545","usgsCitation":"Lee, R.W., 1985, Geochemistry of groundwater in Cretaceous sediments of the southeastern coastal plain of eastern Mississippi and western Alabama: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 10, p. 1545-1556, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i010p01545.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1545","endPage":"1556","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Southeastern Coastal Plain","volume":"21","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a16fbe4b0c8380cd55334","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Roger W.","contributorId":105273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013048,"text":"70013048 - 1985 - The role of erosion by fish in shaping topography around Hudson submarine canyon.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T16:38:35","indexId":"70013048","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of erosion by fish in shaping topography around Hudson submarine canyon.","docAbstract":"<p><span>An 800-km&nbsp;</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>area of rough topography around the head of Hudson Canyon off the eastern United States is attributed to erosion by tilefish ( Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps ) and associated species of crustaceans. The rough topography has a relief of 1-10 m, occurs in water depths of 120-500 m, and has been cut into a semilithified, silty clay substrate since the onset of the Holocene transgression. Commercial fishing activity indicates that a large population of tilefish, which dig burrows in the sea floor, occupy the area of the rough topography. Average tilefish burrows are 1.6 m in diameter and 1.7 m in depth. They have a clustered, not uniform, distribution, and their average density is 2,500 per km<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>. The close match of areas of rough topography and high tilefish populations, the active burrowing of the sea floor, and the clustered distribution of the burrows suggest that the hummocky topography in this area may be the result of continuous erosion by tilefish and associated crustaceans during the Holocene. An erosion rate of 13 cm per 1,000 years is necessary to create this topography during the past 13,000 years--and 18 cm per 1,000 years if(as is more likely based on the depths at which tilefish presently are found) the erosion started 9,000 years ago.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.1306/212F87C9-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D","issn":"00224472","usgsCitation":"Twichell, D., Grimes, C.B., Jones, R.S., and Able, K., 1985, The role of erosion by fish in shaping topography around Hudson submarine canyon.: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 55, no. 5, p. 712-719, https://doi.org/10.1306/212F87C9-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"712","endPage":"719","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.6,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -72,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -72,\n              39.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.6,\n              39.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.6,\n              39\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf6be4b08c986b32479a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twichell, D.C.","contributorId":84304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grimes, Craig B.","contributorId":68261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimes","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, R. S.","contributorId":26288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Able, K.W.","contributorId":66786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Able","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70169293,"text":"70169293 - 1985 - Kinds of damage that could result from a great earthquake in the central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-12T15:03:30","indexId":"70169293","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kinds of damage that could result from a great earthquake in the central United States","docAbstract":"<p>In the winter of 1811-12 a series of three great earthquakes occurred in the New Madrid, Missouri seismic zone in the central United States. In addition to the three principal shocks, at least 15 other earthquakes of intensity VIII or more occurred within a year of the first large earthquake on December 16, 1811. The three main shocks were felt over the entire eastern United States. They were strong enough to cause minor damage cause minor damage as far away as Indiana and Ohio on the north, the Carolinas on the east, and southern Mississippi to the south. They were strong enough to cause severe or structural damage in parts of Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Arkansas. A later section in this article describes what happened in the epicentral region. Fortunately, few people lived in the severely shaken area in 1811; that is not the case today. What would happen if a series of earthquakes as large and numerous as the \"New Madrid\" earthquakes were to occur in the New Madrid seismic zone today?</p>\n<p>The photographs accompanying this article show some typical structural damage that occurred during various earthquakes in the United States. Structural damage to buildings beings at intensity VIII in the Modified Mercalli intensity scale, a scale used for assigning numbers to earthquake effects. Minor or architectural damage (cracked plaster, windows, and chimneys) occurs at intensities VI and VII, and effects on people and small objects predominate at intensities below VI (earthquake felt, direction and duration noted, dishes broken and so forth).</p>\n<p>The first four photographs show damage caused by intensity VIII and above. None of the damage shown in the photographs in this report occurred in earthquakes larger than the 1811-12 New Madrid shocks, and most of the examples are from considerably smaller shocks. The first two photos show damage to masonry buildings, mostly old and unreinforced, none designed to be earthquake resistant. How many such buildings are in use in your community? The second pair of photos show damage to modern structures close to the epicenter of a magnitude 6.5 earthquake, a small shock compared to the magnitudes (8.4-8.7) of the New Madrid earthquakes.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Hooper, M.G., and Algermissen, S.T., 1985, Kinds of damage that could result from a great earthquake in the central United States: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 17, no. 3, p. 84-97.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"84","endPage":"97","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319231,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.81298828125,\n              37.97018468810549\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.95654296875,\n              37.94419750075404\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.2861328125,\n              34.876918445772084\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.758056640625,\n              34.89494244739732\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.81298828125,\n              37.97018468810549\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be43e4b0f59b85e02ea0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hooper, M. G.","contributorId":167776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hooper","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Algermissen, S. T.","contributorId":39790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Algermissen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30045,"text":"wri834249 - 1984 - Hydrogeology of a zone of secondary permeability in the surficial aquifer of eastern Palm Beach County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-13T12:18:42.974639","indexId":"wri834249","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-12T20:40:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4249","title":"Hydrogeology of a zone of secondary permeability in the surficial aquifer of eastern Palm Beach County, Florida","docAbstract":"The surficial aquifer is the primary source of freshwater for the heavily developed coastal area in eastern Palm Beach County, Florida. Well fields are generally located in a discontinuous zone of higher secondary permeability, the northernmost extension of the Biscayne aquifer in the surficial aquifer, that extends from the Juno Beach area south to Broward County and varies in width from about 4 to 15 miles. The zone was formed by varying dissolution of aquifer limestone materials during Pleistocene age changes in sea level, and ranges in depth from about sea level to 220 feet below sea level. Because of proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and saltwater estuaries, the aquifer is susceptible to saltwater intrusion. Ground water to the west of the zone of higher secondary permeability is of poor quality. The ground water is calcium bicarbonate dominant. Dissolved solids, calcium carbonate hardness, and chloride are greatest along the saltwater intruded coastline and in the western part of the study area where diluted residual seawater exists. Total organic carbon increases inland due to infiltration of rainwater through thicker layers of organic soils. Ground-water levels in the surficial aquifer in eastern Palm Beach County are strongly influenced by controlled levels in canals. In March 1981, after 12 months of below average rainfall, ground-water levels ranged from about 2 feet above sea level along the coast to nearly 21 feet above sea level 15 miles inland in the northwest section of the study area. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri834249","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Palm Beach County","usgsCitation":"Swayze, L.J., and Miller, W.L., 1984, Hydrogeology of a zone of secondary permeability in the surficial aquifer of eastern Palm Beach County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4249, iv, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834249.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4249/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":58844,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4249/wri834249.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.21 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 83-4249"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Palm Beach County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.39794921875,\n              26.470573022375085\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.903564453125,\n              26.470573022375085\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.903564453125,\n              26.936762457231424\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.39794921875,\n              26.936762457231424\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.39794921875,\n              26.470573022375085\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db62473f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swayze, L. J.","contributorId":25572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, W. L.","contributorId":79128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70179002,"text":"70179002 - 1984 - Earthquakes in the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-13T12:00:47","indexId":"70179002","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquakes in the eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p>[none]</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"1984, Earthquakes in the eastern United States: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 16, no. 6, p. 212-214.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"212","endPage":"214","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":332031,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585116c1e4b08138bf1abd8e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Spall, Henry","contributorId":77933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spall","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655766,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70043783,"text":"70043783 - 1984 - Ground-water reconnaissance of the central Weber River area, Morgan and Summit Counties, Utah","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":8978,"text":"ofr82695 - 1982 - Ground-water reconnaissance of the central Weber River area, Morgan and Summit Counties, Utah","indexId":"ofr82695","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water reconnaissance of the central Weber River area, Morgan and Summit Counties, Utah"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70043783,"text":"70043783 - 1984 - Ground-water reconnaissance of the central Weber River area, Morgan and Summit Counties, Utah","indexId":"70043783","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water reconnaissance of the central Weber River area, Morgan and Summit Counties, Utah"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-17T11:25:35","indexId":"70043783","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"77","title":"Ground-water reconnaissance of the central Weber River area, Morgan and Summit Counties, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>During July 1978 to June 1980, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a reconnaissance of ground-water conditions and ground- and surface-water relationships in the central Weber River area. This reconnaissance was done in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights.</p><p>The study area is a series of mountain valleys along the Weber River in the Wasatch Ranqe and between the Wasatch Range and the Uinta Mountains in north-central Utah (fig. 1). As defined for this study, the area includes the Weber River drainage from Hoytsville, just south of Coalville, to the western boundary of Morgan County at the western front of the Wasatch Range (pl. 1). The East Canyon Creek tributary drainage is included from the Weber River to the Morgan County-Summit County line. The study focused on the major valleys along and tributary to the Weber River with less emphasis on the upland tributary areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with The Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Gates, J., Steiger, J.I., and Green, R.T., 1984, Ground-water reconnaissance of the central Weber River area, Morgan and Summit Counties, Utah: Technical Publication 77, vi, 70 p.","productDescription":"vi, 70 p.","numberOfPages":"81","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267807,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267806,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v920/w920/w92000a2.pdf"},{"id":332002,"rank":0,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-6-020"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Morgan County, Summit County","otherGeospatial":"Weber River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.071533203125,\n              41.32732632036622\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.15118408203125,\n              41.32320110223851\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.225341796875,\n              41.24890252240322\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.181396484375,\n              41.14143302653628\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.0880126953125,\n              41.03378713521864\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.9451904296875,\n              40.992337919312305\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.9342041015625,\n              40.932190241465634\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.00836181640625,\n              40.87406461663041\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.97540283203125,\n              40.75766014997032\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.84356689453125,\n              40.62020704520565\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.85455322265625,\n              40.56806745430726\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.85455322265625,\n              40.50335790374529\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.80511474609375,\n              40.48997103470645\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.70898437499999,\n              40.48997103470645\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.2530517578125,\n              40.58997103470645\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.95779418945312,\n              40.56806745430726\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.85205078124999,\n              40.681679458715635\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.80535888671874,\n              40.99959341455486\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.08963012695312,\n              41.261291493919884\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.5826416015625,\n              41.40565583808169\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.91223144531249,\n              41.3850519497068\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.071533203125,\n              41.32732632036622\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5124ad3ce4b0b6328103b427","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gates, Joseph S.","contributorId":21647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gates","given":"Joseph S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steiger, Judy I. jsteiger@usgs.gov","contributorId":3689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steiger","given":"Judy","email":"jsteiger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":474233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, Ronald T.","contributorId":83814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013909,"text":"70013909 - 1984 - An overview of paleogene molluscan biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the Gulf of Alaska region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-16T15:15:08.632102","indexId":"70013909","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An overview of paleogene molluscan biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the Gulf of Alaska region","docAbstract":"<p><span>Paleogene marine strata in the Gulf of Alaska region occur in three geographic areas and may be characterized by their molluscan faunal composition and paleoecology: a western area consisting of the Alaska Peninsula, Kodiak Island, and adjacent islands; a central area encompassing Prince William Sound; and an eastern area extending from the mouth of the Copper River to Icy Point in the Lituya district. Strata in the western area include the Ghost Rocks, Narrow Cape (in part), Sitkalidak, Stepovak, Belkofski, and Tolstoi Formations; in the central area Paleogene strata are assigned entirely to the Orca Group; Paleogene strata in the eastern area include the Kulthieth and Poul Creek Formations and several coeval units. Environments ranging from marginal marine to bathyal and from subtropical to cool-temperate are inferred for the various molluscan faunas. Sediments range from interbedded coal and marine sands to deep-water turbidites. The known Paleogene molluscan faunas of these three southern Alaskan areas permit recognition of biostratigraphic schemes within each area, preliminary correlations between faunas of the three areas, and more general correlations with faunas of the Pacific Northwest, the Far Eastern U.S.S.R., and northern Japan.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(84)90082-8","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Marincovich, L., and McCoy, S., 1984, An overview of paleogene molluscan biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the Gulf of Alaska region: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 47, no. 1-2, p. 91-102, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(84)90082-8.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"102","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226118,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -170.16016898665896,\n              52.53370257192515\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.87722752127797,\n              53.011068953297425\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.56744496884684,\n              57.07373444976588\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.06112809170114,\n              58.543491125197704\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.20426229979498,\n              58.73570361951738\n            ],\n            [\n              -170.08830120094672,\n              53.82391633092445\n            ],\n            [\n              -170.16016898665896,\n              52.53370257192515\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eaace4b0c8380cd489e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marincovich, L. Jr.","contributorId":16157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marincovich","given":"L.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCoy, S. Jr.","contributorId":75287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"S.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014083,"text":"70014083 - 1984 - Age and correlation of emerged pliocene and pleistocene deposits, U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-16T15:01:27.053261","indexId":"70014083","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and correlation of emerged pliocene and pleistocene deposits, U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"<p><span>Paleontologic and paleomagnetic investigations were conducted on several hundred Pliocene and Pleistocene marine samples from five regions of the emerged Atlantic Coastal Plain: (1) the Delmarva Peninsula, (2) eastern Virginia, (3) central and northern North Carolina, (4) southern North Carolina and northeastern South Carolina, and (5) the Charleston area, South Carolina. Molluscan and ostracode interval and assemblage zonations, which are the primary means of regional correlation, have been calibrated using planktic biochronologic, paleomagnetic, radiometric and amino-acid recemization data. These multiple dating criteria were used to determine the age and, where possible, the duration of marine transgressive/regressive sequences. A correlation chart illustrates the age relationships of 27 formations from five regions. One important conclusion is some of the Yorktown Formation of Virginia and North Carolina (including the “Duplin” Formation), and some of the Raysor of South Carolina are late Pliocene in age. The late Pliocene Chowan River Formation of North Carolina is older than the early Pleistocene Waccamaw Formation of South Carolina, which in turn may be older than the James City Formation of North Carolina. During the last 1.0 million years, multiple marine transgressions occurred in each region, but the age of these middle and late Pleistocene formations often may differ from one area to the next.</span></p><p><span>A significant result of the study is the evidence for the lack of time equivalence of formations in the five different regions; that is, the sequence of marine transgressions in one region does not necessarily correspond to that in another. This appears to be the result of differing subsidence and uplift histories, the patchiness of the depositional record, and the limitations of the dating techniques in light of the rapidity and frequency of sea-level fluctuations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(84)90079-8","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., Bybell, L., Poore, R., Blackwelder, B.W., Liddicoat, J.C., and Hazel, J.E., 1984, Age and correlation of emerged pliocene and pleistocene deposits, U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 47, no. 1-2, p. 21-51, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(84)90079-8.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"51","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225812,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coastal Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.234375,\n              39.13006024213511\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.65185546874999,\n              39.690280594818034\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.06884765624999,\n              39.53793974517628\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.6943359375,\n              33.394759218577995\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.36474609375,\n              32.58384932565662\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.74951171875,\n              32.045332838858506\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.97021484375,\n              34.32529192442733\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.56396484375,\n              35.746512259918504\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.60791015625,\n              37.28279464911045\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.970703125,\n              38.41055825094609\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.234375,\n              39.13006024213511\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8d7e4b0c8380cd47eeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":367529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bybell, L.M. 0000-0002-4760-7542","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-7542","contributorId":11220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bybell","given":"L.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poore, R.Z.","contributorId":35314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"R.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blackwelder, B. W.","contributorId":104136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwelder","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liddicoat, J. C.","contributorId":76781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liddicoat","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hazel, J. E.","contributorId":89187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hazel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70013162,"text":"70013162 - 1984 - Depositional environments and paleogeography of the Upper Miocene Wassuk Group, west-central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-24T15:25:02.017608","indexId":"70013162","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depositional environments and paleogeography of the Upper Miocene Wassuk Group, west-central Nevada","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fluvial and lacustrine deposits of the Miocene Wassuk Group, exposed in Coal Valley, west-central Nevada, are divided into five lithofacies: (1) diatomite, claystone, siltstone, and carbonaceous siltstone deposited in a lake with paludal conditions at the margin; (2) upward-coarsening sequences of sandstone deposited on a delta and fan-delta; (3) channel-form sandstone deposited on a distal braided alluvial plain; (4) clast-supported conglomerate deposited on a proxial braided alluvial plain or distal alluvial fan; and (5) matrix-supported conglomerate deposited on a distal to middle alluvial fan.</span></p><p><span>Petrographic analysis records an upsection change from a predominantly andesitic to a predominantly plutonic provenance. This change, combined with the overall upward-coarsening of the Wassuk Group and the great thickness (2400 m) of the sequence, suggests active uplift and rapid subsidence during deposition of the group. Facies relationships and paleocurrent directions indicate source areas to the south, southeast and west of Coal Valley.</span></p><p><span>The Miocene Wassuk Group was deposited in an intra-arc basin with penecontemporaneous volcanism and tectonic activity. Syndepositional faulting at the southern margin of Coal Valley between 13 and 11 m.y. ago suggests an early episode of northeast-southwest extension prior to the onset of east-west basin and range extension.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(84)90078-2","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Golia, R., and Stewart, J., 1984, Depositional environments and paleogeography of the Upper Miocene Wassuk Group, west-central Nevada: Sedimentary Geology, v. 38, no. 1-4, p. 159-180, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(84)90078-2.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"180","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220181,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"west-central Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.40698202422459,\n              39.09282750646997\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.40698202422459,\n              38.44851649785684\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.61900547067495,\n              38.44851649785684\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.61900547067495,\n              39.09282750646997\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.40698202422459,\n              39.09282750646997\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059febfe4b0c8380cd4eed9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golia, R.T.","contributorId":44288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golia","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, John H.","contributorId":14383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"John H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014020,"text":"70014020 - 1984 - A seismic hazard map of India and adjacent areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-27T15:45:16.001861","indexId":"70014020","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A seismic hazard map of India and adjacent areas","docAbstract":"<p>We have produced a probabilistic seismic hazard map showing peak ground accelerations in rock for India and neighboring areas having a 10% probability of being exceeded in 50 years. Seismogenic zones were identified on the basis of historical seismicity, seismotectonics and geology of the region. Procedures for reducing the incompleteness of earthquake catalogs were followed before estimating recurrence parameters. An eastern United States acceleration attenuation relationship was employed after it was found that intensity attenuation for the Indian region and the eastern United States was similar. The largest probabilistic accelerations are obtained in the seismotectonic belts of Kirthar, Hindukush, Himalaya, Arakan-Yoma, and the Shillong massif where values of over 70% g have been calculated.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(84)90156-2","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Khattri, K., Rogers, A.M., Perkins, D.M., and Algermissen, S.T., 1984, A seismic hazard map of India and adjacent areas: Tectonophysics, v. 108, no. 1-2, p. 93-134, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(84)90156-2.","productDescription":"40 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"134","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225864,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              67.21762106125573,\n              31.68731396118072\n            ],\n            [\n              67.21762106125573,\n              5.9107565155947555\n            ],\n            [\n              90.44877764248156,\n              5.9107565155947555\n            ],\n            [\n              90.44877764248156,\n              31.68731396118072\n            ],\n            [\n              67.21762106125573,\n              31.68731396118072\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"108","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e57fe4b0c8380cd46d90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Khattri, K.N.","contributorId":60391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Khattri","given":"K.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, A. M.","contributorId":92251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perkins, D. M.","contributorId":83922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Algermissen, S. T.","contributorId":39790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Algermissen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70014047,"text":"70014047 - 1984 - A review of crust and upper mantle structure studies of the Snake River Plain-Yellowstone volcanic system: A major lithospheric anomaly in the western U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-26T16:52:03.221469","indexId":"70014047","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of crust and upper mantle structure studies of the Snake River Plain-Yellowstone volcanic system: A major lithospheric anomaly in the western U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p>The Snake River Plain-Yellowstone volcanic system is one of the largest, basaltic, volcanic field in the world. Here, there is clear evidence for northeasterly progression of rhyolitic volcanism with its present position in Yellowstone. Many theories have been advanced for the origin of the Snake River Plain-Yellowstone system. Yellowstone and Eastern Snake River Plain have been studied intensively using various geophysical techniques. Some sparse geophysical data are available for the Western Snake River Plain as well. Teleseismic data show the presence of a large anomalous body with low P- and S-wave velocities in the crust and upper mantle under the Yellowstone caldera. A similar body in which compressional wave velocity is lower than in the surrounding rock is present under the Eastern Snake River Plain. No data on upper mantle anomalies are available for the Western Snake River Plain. Detailed seismic refraction data for the Eastern Snake River Plain show strong lateral heterogeneities and suggest thinning of the granitic crust from below by mafic intrusion. Available data for the Western Snake River Plain also show similar thinning of the upper crust and its replacement by mafic material. The seismic refraction results in Yellowstone show no evidence of the low-velocity anomalies in the lower crust suggested by teleseismic P-delay data and interpreted as due to extensive partial melting. However, the seismic refraction models indicate lower-than-normal velocities and strong lateral inhomogeneities in the upper crust. Particularly obvious in the refraction data are two regions of very low seismic velocities near the Mallard Eake and Sour Creek resurgent domes in the Yellowstone caldera. The low-velocity body near the Sour Creek resurgent dome is interpreted as partially molten rock. Together with other geophysical and thermal data, the seismic results indicate that a sub-lithospheric thermal anomaly is responsible for the time-progressive volcanism along the Eastern Snake River Plain. However, the exact mechanism responsible for the volcanism and details of magma storage and migration are not yet fully understood.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(84)90209-9","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Iyer, H.M., 1984, A review of crust and upper mantle structure studies of the Snake River Plain-Yellowstone volcanic system: A major lithospheric anomaly in the western U.S.A.: Tectonophysics, v. 105, no. 1-4, p. 291-308, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(84)90209-9.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"308","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226198,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.75522630969246,\n              48.99647522967908\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.34357181116266,\n              40.94856106036778\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.51316857399542,\n              40.82964955876772\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.84272791453125,\n              41.89549551259576\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.64848818410448,\n              41.3864499907779\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.86318033209798,\n              41.953660184765866\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.16687892122758,\n              43.55396021584184\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.88285627702768,\n              48.99647522967908\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.75522630969246,\n              48.99647522967908\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"105","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e54fe4b0c8380cd46c9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iyer, H. 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,{"id":70013892,"text":"70013892 - 1984 - Crustal structure of the Appalachian Highlands in Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-27T15:53:18.625814","indexId":"70013892","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal structure of the Appalachian Highlands in Tennessee","docAbstract":"<p>Crustal structure of the southern Appalachians and adjacent Interior Low Plateaus in Tennessee is derived from seismic-refraction measurements observed by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1965 along reversed lines, normal (NW-SE) and parallel (NE-SW) to the structure of the Appalachian Highlands' major geologic divisions. Its easternmost part is located approximately 80 km southwest of the westernmost part of the COCORP seismic-reflection traverse within the Blue Ridge province. The velocity-depth models derived for both observational directions consist of three crustal layers with surprisingly high velocities, being about 6.1-6.2 km/s in the upper crust down to 7-10 km depth, 6.7-6.8 km/s for the middle crust between about 17 and 34 km and varying from 7.1 to 7.4 km/s for the lower crust at about 40-47 km depth. The boundaries between the three crustal layers as well as the crust-mantle boundary are transition zones of up to 11 km thickness. Similar to old orogens in other parts of the earth, the main result is a thick crust, at places in excess of 50 km, with high average velocity and a broad crust-mantle transition zone.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(84)90170-7","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Prodehl, C., Schlittenhardt, J., and Stewart, S., 1984, Crustal structure of the Appalachian Highlands in Tennessee: Tectonophysics, v. 109, no. 1-2, p. 61-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(84)90170-7.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"76","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225859,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.5710918770125,\n              36.48942173779831\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.31145359952295,\n              34.978847126844116\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.83869592546016,\n              35.001180610300125\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.32955924931457,\n              35.03143158917508\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.24187257764022,\n              35.60255042817792\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.6504228297176,\n              36.337544081213366\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.67445326401526,\n              36.60071959757968\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.17804473973936,\n              36.63028858771913\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.19788810140045,\n              36.54062638542621\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.5710918770125,\n              36.48942173779831\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"109","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcede4b0c8380cd4e508","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prodehl, C.","contributorId":100376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prodehl","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schlittenhardt, J.","contributorId":83678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlittenhardt","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, S.W.","contributorId":34550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013436,"text":"70013436 - 1984 - Transport and concentration controls for chloride, strontium, potassium and lead in Uvas Creek, a small cobble-bed stream in Santa Clara County, California, U.S.A.: 1. Conceptual model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-15T16:08:38.668793","indexId":"70013436","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transport and concentration controls for chloride, strontium, potassium and lead in Uvas Creek, a small cobble-bed stream in Santa Clara County, California, U.S.A.: 1. Conceptual model","docAbstract":"<p><span>Stream sediments adsorb certain solutes from streams, thereby significantly changing the solute composition; but little is known about the details and rates of these adsorptive processes. To investigate such processes, a 24-hr. injection of a solution containing chloride, strontium, potassium, sodium and lead was made at the head of a 640-m reach of Uvas Creek in west-central Santa Clara County, California. Uvas Creek is a cobble-bed pool-and-riffle stream draining the eastern slopes of the Santa Cruz Mountains. By September 12, 1973, after a long dry season, Uvas Creek had a low (0.0215 m</span><sup>3</sup><span>s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;average) flow which varied diurnally, from 0.018 to 0.025 m</span><sup>3</sup><span>s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. Because stream discharge varied while the injection rate was constant, the concentration of tracers (injected solutes), after mixing in the stream, varied inversely with discharge.</span></p><p><span>Chloride, a nonreactive solute, served as a tracer of water movement. Analysis of extensive chloride concentration data at five sites below the injection point during and after the injection demonstrated that there was considerable underflow of water through the stream gravels; however, the extent of underflow varied greatly within the study reach. Pre-injection water, displaced by tracer-laden water percolating through the gravels, diluted tracers in the stream channel, giving the mistaken impression of groundwater inflow at some points. Accurate measurement of total discharge in such streams requires prolonged tracer injection unless a reach can be found where underflow is negligible.</span></p><p><span>Strontium and potassium were adsorbed by the bed sediments to a moderate extent and lead was strongly adsorbed. A high proportion of these metals could be removed by adsorption from percolating underflow because of extensive and intimate contact with bed sediments. After channel clearing following injection cutoff, 51% of the added strontium and 96% of the lead remained in the study reach, whereas only 19% of the chloride remained. Packets of sized sediment, placed in the stream before the experiment and withdrawn during and after the injection, indicated that the strontium absorbed on the 0.42–0.50-mm size sediment appeared to achieve near equilibrium with dissolved strontium within less than 2 hr. whereas 3.4–4.0-mm grains had not reached that stage after 24 hr.</span></p><p><span>The cation-exchange capacity (CEC) of the sediments shows a “bimodal” distribution with grain size. Largest values are in the finest sizes, lower values in the fine-to-medium sand-size range, intermediate values in the coarse- to very coarse-grained sand, and decreasing values with size above very coarse-grained sand. This considerable exchange capacity in coarse-sand to granule-size particles means that a streambed, that has not been infilled with fines to reduce permeability, can be highly reactive and accessible throughout a rather thick sediment layer and hence have a large and available reactive capacity.</span></p><p><span>As stream discharge increases from low flow, the ratio of underflow to channel flow should decrease rapidly with resultant diminution in percent of solutes sorbed within a particular stream reach.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(84)90046-5","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, V.C., Jackman, A.P., Zand, S., Zellweger, G.W., and Avanzino, R., 1984, Transport and concentration controls for chloride, strontium, potassium and lead in Uvas Creek, a small cobble-bed stream in Santa Clara County, California, U.S.A.: 1. Conceptual model: Journal of Hydrology, v. 75, no. 1-4, p. 67-110, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(84)90046-5.","productDescription":"44 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"110","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220588,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Clara County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":227,\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Santa 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V. C.","contributorId":46080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackman, A. P.","contributorId":46957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackman","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zand, S.M.","contributorId":25699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zand","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zellweger, G. W.","contributorId":55445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellweger","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Avanzino, R.J.","contributorId":37336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avanzino","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70013401,"text":"70013401 - 1984 - Use of a digital model to evaluate hydrogeologic controls on groundwater flow in a fractured rock aquifer at Niagara Falls, New York, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-15T15:51:34.651381","indexId":"70013401","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of a digital model to evaluate hydrogeologic controls on groundwater flow in a fractured rock aquifer at Niagara Falls, New York, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p>The Hyde Park landfill is a 15-acre (6.1 ha) chemical waste disposal site located north of Niagara Falls, New York. Underlying the site in descending order are: (1) low-permeability glacial till and lacustrine deposits; (2) a moderately permeable fractured rock aquifer - the Lockport Dolomite; and (3) a low-permeability unit - the Rochester Shale. The site is bounded on three sides by groundwater drains; the Niagara River gorge, the Niagara Power Project canal, and the Niagara Power Project buried conduits. </p><p>The mechanism by which groundwater moves through fractured rocks underlying a hazardous waste site was investigated using a digital simulation approach. Three hypotheses were tested related to flow in the fractured rocks underlying Hyde Park landfill. For this purpose we used a Galerkin finite-element approximation to solve a saturated-unsaturated flow equation. </p><p><span>A primary focus was to investigate anisotropy in the Lockport Dolomite, that is the effectiveness of horizontal (bedding) joints vs. vertical joints as water-transmitting openings. Three hydrogeologic scenarios were set up — each with prescribed limits on the hydrologic parameters. Scenario&nbsp;</span><i>1</i><span>&nbsp;specified strongly anisotropic conditions in the Lockport Dolomite (horizontal hydraulic conductivity along bedding joints exceeds vertical conductivity by 2–3 orders of magnitude), uniform areal recharge (5 in. yr.</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;or 12.7 cm yr.</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) except at the landfill where there is no recharge, and no flow through the base of the Rochester Shale. Scenario&nbsp;</span><i>2</i><span>&nbsp;also specified strongly anisotropic conditions in the Lockport; however, areal recharge was 6 in. yr.</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;(15.2 cm yr.</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) except at the landfill where the recharge was 2 in. yr.</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;(5.1 cm yr.</span><sup>−1</sup><span>), and outflow from the Rochester occurred. Scenario&nbsp;</span><i>3</i><span>&nbsp;specified isotropic conditions (that is, permeability along horizontal and vertical joints is the same in the Lockport Dolomite), recharge rates were the same as in scenario&nbsp;</span><i>2</i><span>&nbsp;and outflow through Rochester occurred.</span></p><p>Scenario 2 provided the closest agreement between the simulated and measured heads while scenario 3 provided the poorest agreement. Among the three scenarios tested, scenario 2 (with strongly anisotropic conditions in the Lockport Dolomite with added recharge through the landfill cap and limited flow through the Rocherster Shale) is considered the most realistic hydrogeologic model. </p><p>Based on simulation with the hydrogeologic parameters of scenario 2, groundwater flow near the Hyde Park site can be summarized as follows: </p><p>1. (1) <span>Specific discharge (Darcy velocity) ranges from ≈0.01 to 0.1 ft. day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;(0.003 to 0.03 m day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) in the upper unit of the Lockport Dolomite to slightly more than 0.0001 ft. day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;(0.00003 m day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) in the Rochester Shale. Real velocities are highest in the upper unit of the Lockport, ranging from ≈1 to 5 ft. day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;(0.3 to 1.5 m day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) if the average effective porosity is assumed to be 0.02.</span></p><p>2. (2) A groundwater divide exists east of the landfill, indicating that all groundwater originating near or flowing beneath the landfill will flow toward and discharge in the gorge. </p><p>3. (3) Highest flow velocities (and presumably greatest potential for transporting chemical contaminants) occur in the upper unit of the Lockport and part of the lower unit of the Lockport Dolomite between the landfill and the gorge. The average time required for groundwater to move from the landfill to the discharge points at the gorge along selected flow paths in the Lockport Dolomite is estimated to be 5-6 yr.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(84)90049-0","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Maslia, M., and Johnston, R., 1984, Use of a digital model to evaluate hydrogeologic controls on groundwater flow in a fractured rock aquifer at Niagara Falls, New York, U.S.A.: Journal of Hydrology, v. 75, no. 1-4, p. 167-194, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(84)90049-0.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"194","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220091,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Niagara Falls","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.07144327825095,\n              43.09286795115449\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.07144327825095,\n              43.07801889165893\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.05037086913583,\n              43.07801889165893\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.05037086913583,\n              43.09286795115449\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.07144327825095,\n              43.09286795115449\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe8fe4b08c986b329661","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maslia, M.L.","contributorId":24090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maslia","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, R.H.","contributorId":19536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":60252,"text":"mf1246L - 1984 - Maps showing distribution of pH, copper, zinc, fluoride, uranium, molybdenum, arsenic, and sulfate in water, Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-25T19:02:48.751765","indexId":"mf1246L","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1246","chapter":"L","title":"Maps showing distribution of pH, copper, zinc, fluoride, uranium, molybdenum, arsenic, and sulfate in water, Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>These maps show the regional distribution of copper, zinc, arsenic, molybdenum, uranium, fluoride, sulfate, and pH in surface and ground water from the Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle. This study supplements (Miller and others, 1984a-j) the regional drainage geochemical study done for the Richfield quadrangle under the U.S. Geological Survey’s Conterminuous United States Mineral Assessment Program (CUSMAP). Regional sampling was designed to define broad geochemical patterns and trends which can be used, along with geologic and geophysical data, to assess the mineral resource potential of the Richfield quadrangle. Analytical data used in compiling this report were published previously (McHugh and others, 1981).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The Richfield quadrangle in west-central Utah covers the eastern part of the Pioche-Marysvale igneous and mineral belt that extends from the vicinity of Pioche in southeastern Nevada, east-northeastward for 250 km into central Utah. The western two-thirds of the Richfield quadrangle is in the Basin and Range Province, and the eastern third in the High Plateaus of Utah subprovince of the Colorado Plateau.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Bedrock in the northern part of the Richfield quadrangle consists predominantly of latest Precambrian and Paleozoic sedimentary strata that were thrust eastward during the Sevier orogeny in Cretaceous time onto an autochthon of Mesozoic sedimentary rocks in the eastern part of the quadrangle. The southern part of the quadrangle is largely underlain by Oligocene and younger volcanic rocks and related intrusions. Extensional tectonism in late Cenozoic time broke the bedrock terrane into a series of north-trending fault blocks; the uplifted mountain areas were deeply eroded and the resulting debris deposited in the adjacent basins. Most of the mineral deposits in the Pioche-Marysvale mineral belt were formed during igneous activity in the middle and late Cenozoic time.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver CO","doi":"10.3133/mf1246L","usgsCitation":"McHugh, J.B., Miller, W.R., and Ficklin, W.H., 1984, Maps showing distribution of pH, copper, zinc, fluoride, uranium, molybdenum, arsenic, and sulfate in water, Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1246, 1 Plate: 40.89 x 32.77 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1246L.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 40.89 x 32.77 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1246l.jpg"},{"id":283659,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1246-L/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":390899,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6856.htm"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Richfield 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.0,38.0 ], [ -114.0,39.0 ], [ -112.0,39.0 ], [ -112.0,38.0 ], [ -114.0,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db60578b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McHugh, J. B.","contributorId":79462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, W. R.","contributorId":92239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ficklin, W. H.","contributorId":89517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ficklin","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":44010,"text":"ofr84434 - 1984 - Water withdrawn for irrigation in 1980 on the Snake River plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":44010,"text":"ofr84434 - 1984 - Water withdrawn for irrigation in 1980 on the Snake River plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","indexId":"ofr84434","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Water withdrawn for irrigation in 1980 on the Snake River plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":68575,"text":"ha690 - 1987 - Water withdrawn for irrigation in 1980 on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","indexId":"ha690","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"title":"Water withdrawn for irrigation in 1980 on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":68575,"text":"ha690 - 1987 - Water withdrawn for irrigation in 1980 on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","indexId":"ha690","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"title":"Water withdrawn for irrigation in 1980 on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-20T16:42:26.179746","indexId":"ofr84434","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-434","title":"Water withdrawn for irrigation in 1980 on the Snake River plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84434","usgsCitation":"Bigelow, B.B., Goodell, S.A., and Newton, G.D., 1984, Water withdrawn for irrigation in 1980 on the Snake River plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-434, 2 Plates: 48.57 x 35.97 inches and 43.89 x 32.75 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84434.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 48.57 x 35.97 inches and 43.89 x 32.75 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":399167,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0434/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":399166,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0434/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":169312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0434/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":397206,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13406.htm"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.183,\n              42.350\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.542,\n              42.350\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.542,\n              44.315\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.183,\n              44.315\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.183,\n              42.350\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd044","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bigelow, B. B.","contributorId":76317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bigelow","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":228987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goodell, S. A.","contributorId":38168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodell","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":228985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newton, G. D.","contributorId":43374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":228986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":44475,"text":"wri844269 - 1984 - Water-table contours, directions of ground-water movement, and measurements of inflow to American Falls Reservoir, southeastern Idaho, April 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-20T19:00:52.652533","indexId":"wri844269","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4269","title":"Water-table contours, directions of ground-water movement, and measurements of inflow to American Falls Reservoir, southeastern Idaho, April 1984","docAbstract":"In 1978 the U.S. Geological Survey began a 5-year study of the High Plains regional aquifer system to provide hydrologic information for evaluating the effects of long-term development of the aquifer and to develop a capability for predicting aquifer response to alternative changes in ground-water management. By use of a digital model, this report presents a quantitative description of the High Plains aquifer in Oklahoma.\r\nThe High Plains aquifer consists predominantly of the Tertiary Ogallala Formation and overlying Quaternary alluvium and terrace deposits which are hydraulically connected to the High Plains aquifer. Much of the aquifer is underlain by formations of Permian through Cretaceous age, which generally have very small hydraulic conductivities. In some areas parts of underlying Triassic, Jurassic, or Cretaceous rocks are hydraulically connected with the aquifer. The High Plains aquifer is a water-table aquifer in which water moves generally to the east-southeast. Before the beginning of extensive irrigation of the 1960's, the aquifer was essentially in dynamic equilibrium with recharge from precipitation balanced by natural discharge from the aquifer. Ground-water discharge appeared in streams leaving the area or was returned to the atmosphere through evapotranspiration.\r\n\r\nAccurate records of irrigation pumpage are not available from the High Plains. In order to estimate irrigation pumpage, published records of crop distribution were used and a consumptive use was assigned to each principal irrigated crop. This method gave an estimated irrigation demand. Pumpage was taken as a percentage of the total irrigation demand. Irrigation has decreased ground-water discharge from the High Plains aquifer. Ground-water discharge was estimated as approximately 118 cubic feet per second in 1980.\r\n\r\nA finite-difference digital model was used to simulate flow in the High Plains aquifer. The recharge was adjusted so that 1980 ground-water discharge was 118 cubic feet per second, the estimated ground-water discharge for 1980. Recharge in the eastern half of the modeled area was 0.45 inch per year; one-half this value was used in the western half of the modeled area. Hydraulic conductivity was divided into three zones: 19.3 feet per day in the eastern zone; 16.2 feet per day in the central zone; and 8.28 feet per day in the western zone. A specific yield of 14.7 percent was used in the model. Using all these parameters, the model was calibrated so that the mean difference between predevelopment modeled and measured head was -0.044 foot.\r\n\r\nFollowing the calibration procedure, the model was used to predict the volumes of water in storage and distribution of saturated thickness in 1993 and 2020 using the 1980 pumping rates. The calculated quantity of water in storage in the aquifer in 1941 (predevelopment) was approximately 135.2 million acre-feet; in 1980, approximately 121.9 million acre-feet; in 1993 approximately 112.7 million acre-feet; and in 2020, approximately 96.2 million acre-feet.\r\n\r\nThe High Plains aquifer in Oklahoma will continue to be an important source of water past the year 2000. As withdrawals continue from the aquifer at the present rate, the water table will continue to decline and when the water table drops below the streambed in any part of the area, ground-water discharge to streams will cease in that area. Based on the calculated volumes of water in storage, the volume of water remaining in storage as compared to the predevelopment volume is as follows: 90 percent in 1980, 83 percent in 1993, and 71 percent in 2020.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844269","usgsCitation":"Young, H., 1984, Water-table contours, directions of ground-water movement, and measurements of inflow to American Falls Reservoir, southeastern Idaho, April 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4269, 1 Plate: 37.47 × 28.31 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844269.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 37.47 × 28.31 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":134876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81830,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4269/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":407077,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36113.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"American Falls Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.9559326171875,\n              42.736926481692684\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.39837646484375,\n              42.736926481692684\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.39837646484375,\n              43.1450861841603\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.9559326171875,\n              43.1450861841603\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.9559326171875,\n              42.736926481692684\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Young, H.W.","contributorId":68278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"H.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26287,"text":"wri844022 - 1984 - Quantity and quality of streamflow in the White River basin, Colorado and Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-22T19:38:41.047971","indexId":"wri844022","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4022","title":"Quantity and quality of streamflow in the White River basin, Colorado and Utah","docAbstract":"<p>The water quality and flow of existing streams in the White River basin, located in northwestern Colorado and northeastern Utah, are adequate for present uses, but future development (such as energy) may affect stream quality and quantity. Present conditions are described as a baseline to enable planners to allocate available water and to measure changes in quantity and quality of water in the future. The White River basin contains extensive energy resources consisting of oil, natural gas, coal, and oil shale. Large quantities of water will be required for energy-resource development and associated municipal and industrial uses. An average of 70% of the annual flow in the White River occurs during May, June, and July as a result of snowmelt runoff. The 7-day, 10-year low-flow discharges/sq mi and the 1-day, 25-year high-flow discharges/sq mi are larger in the eastern part of the basin than in the western part. Flow-duration curves indicate that high flows in the White River and the North and South Fork White Rivers result mainly from snowmelt runoff and that base flow is sustained throughout the year by groundwater discharge from the alluvial and bedrock aquifers. Water type varies in the basin; however, calcium and sodium are the dominantly occurring cations and sulfate and bicarbonate are the dominantly occurring anions. Computed total annual dissolved-solids loads in the White River range from 31 ,800 tons/yr in the North Fork White River to 284,000 tons/yr at the mouth. A 10% increase to a 14% decrease of the dissolved-solids load could result at the mouth of the White River near Ouray, Utah. This corresponds to a 5% increase to a 10% decrease in dissolved-solids concentration. The seasonal pattern of stream temperatures was found to fit a harmonic curve.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844022","usgsCitation":"Boyle, J.M., Covay, K., and Bauer, D.P., 1984, Quantity and quality of streamflow in the White River basin, Colorado and Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4022, viii, 84 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844022.","productDescription":"viii, 84 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404386,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35925.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55095,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4022/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4022/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Utah","otherGeospatial":"White River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.698,\n              40.387\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.148,\n              40.387\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.148,\n              39.55\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.698,\n              39.55\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.698,\n              40.387\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ac28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyle, J. M.","contributorId":46567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Covay, K.J.","contributorId":44948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Covay","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bauer, D. P.","contributorId":32542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":59341,"text":"mf1568B - 1984 - Aeromagnetic map of the Fossil Springs Roadless Area, Yavapai, Gila, and Coconino counties, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T10:25:00","indexId":"mf1568B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1568","chapter":"B","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Fossil Springs Roadless Area, Yavapai, Gila, and Coconino counties, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The aeromagnetic map of the Fossil Springs Roadless Area was compiled from data collected in 1980 by Airmag Surveys, Inc., for the U.S. Geological Survey. Total magnetic intensity measurements were made along east-west flight lines about 0.5 mi apart and flown at an average altitude of 1,000 ft above the ground surface. A regional magnetic field (the International Geomagnetic Reference Field, 1975, updated to months flown) was removed from the data and a constant of 50,800 gammas was added to the adjusted total field intensity values.</p>\n<p>The roadless area includes the upper part of Fossil Creek and its northeastern tributaries in Sandrock Canyon and Calf Pen Canyon. The extremely rugged canyon of Fossil Creek is in several places more than 1,500 ft deep. Elevation of the canyon floor ranges from 4,600 ft near the mouth of Calf Pen Canyon to 3,500 ft at the southwest end of the area. Peaks and ridges on the uplands bordering the canyons range in elevation from 5,300 ft west of Fossil Springs to 6,900 ft in the northeastern part of the area. Maximum topographic relief along these uplands is less than 200 ft.</p>\n<p>The Fossil Springs Roadless Area is underlain by more than 3,000 ft of Paleozoic rocks consisting mostly of sandstone, shale, dolomite, and limestone. West of Fossil Springs and along most of the border of the area, these rocks are generally overlain by late Tertiary volcanic rocks, mainly basaltic lavas and pyroclastic deposits. Quaternary alluvial, colluvial, landslide, and travertine deposits overlie large parts of the country rock in the canyons. In the southwestern part of the area, the volcanic rocks are more than 2,000 ft thick. Along the northwest and northeast margins, these rocks are 300-400 ft thick.</p>\n<p>The prevailing dip of the Paleozoic strata is low to the north or northeast. The dominant homoclinal structure is interrupted by several fault blocks, in which the strata dip westward or southward. All the faults are high-angle normal faults and have displacements commonly ranging from about 50 to 400 ft. Although fault relations are obscure within the volcanic sequence, many faults seem to displace the volcanic rocks less than the underlying Paleozoic rocks. The volcanic rocks, which rest unconformably on the Paleozoic strata, are flat lying in the northern part of the map area, but west of Fossil Springs they dip gently southwestward. The ancestral Mogollon Rim, a north-northwest-trending escarpment of Paleozoic rocks now concealed by Tertiary volcanic rocks lies near Fossil Springs (Twenter, 1962).</p>\n<p>The magnetic anomalies and patterns on the aeromagnetic map reflect variations of magnetization in the underlying rocks. Basaltic rocks contain moderate amounts of magnetic minerals, mainly magnetite, and possess strong intensities of magnetization. The more silicic volcanic rocks have much lower magnetization intensities. Sedimentary rocks contain little or no magnetite and are virtually nonmagnetic.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1568B","usgsCitation":"Davis, W.E., and Weir, G.W., 1984, Aeromagnetic map of the Fossil Springs Roadless Area, Yavapai, Gila, and Coconino counties, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1568, Plate: 43.52 x 29.85 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1568B.","productDescription":"Plate: 43.52 x 29.85 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":326367,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1568B.JPG"},{"id":327211,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1568-B/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Coconino County, Gila County, Yavapai County","otherGeospatial":"Fossil Springs Roadless Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.66666666666667,34.3675 ], [ -111.66666666666667,34.5 ], [ -111.45083333333334,34.5 ], [ -111.45083333333334,34.3675 ], [ -111.66666666666667,34.3675 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6966c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, W. E.","contributorId":100844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weir, G. W.","contributorId":107290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weir","given":"G.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":58505,"text":"mf1466D - 1984 - Map showing geochemistry of stream sediments in the Jerry Peak Wilderness Study Area, Custer County, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T07:49:25","indexId":"mf1466D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1466","chapter":"D","title":"Map showing geochemistry of stream sediments in the Jerry Peak Wilderness Study Area, Custer County, Idaho","docAbstract":"The Jerry Peak Wilderness Study Area is about 25 mi south of Challis in Custer County, central Idaho (fig. 1). The study area contains 46,150 acres of land administered by the by the Bureau of Land Management and 1 sq mi owned by the State of Idaho, a total of 46,790 acres. Most of the study area is readily accessible by roads along tributaries of the East Fork Salmon River, especially Road Creek, Herd Creek, and Lake Creek. The southeastern part of the area can be reached from Road Creek by the road down Peck's Canyon and by roads from Thousand Springs Valley, southeast of the study area. Several access roads to past logging operations extend up Sage Creek and its tributaries in the southeast part of the study area. Access to points within the northern part of the area is facilitated by jeep trails that connect with Road Creek and lake Creek and by improved road that extends northward from Herd Lake. The study area is moderately rugged, with local relief approaching 2,000 ft. Jerry (10,010 ft), the highest point within the area, is a low knoll on a north-trending linear ridge (fig. 1). The ridge has not been glaciated, despite its relatively high altitude. Most of the area is thinly covered by grass and low shrubs; trees, for the most part, are restricted to valley bottoms or to local, small groves on hillslopes.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1466D","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Callahan, J.E., McIntyre, D.H., Cooley, E., and Cookro, T., 1984, Map showing geochemistry of stream sediments in the Jerry Peak Wilderness Study Area, Custer County, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1466, 1 Plate: 41.46 x 26.99 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1466D.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 41.46 x 26.99 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1466d.jpg"},{"id":284430,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1466-D/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"50000","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","county":"Custer County","otherGeospatial":"Jerry Peak","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.375,44.0 ], [ -114.375,44.25 ], [ -114.0,44.25 ], [ -114.0,44.0 ], [ -114.375,44.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd65c6e4b0b2908510051f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Callahan, James E.","contributorId":7273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callahan","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntyre, D. H.","contributorId":45726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooley, E.F.","contributorId":83072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooley","given":"E.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cookro, T. M.","contributorId":81495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cookro","given":"T. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":26758,"text":"wri844091 - 1984 - Review of buried crystalline rocks of eastern United States in selected hydrogeologic environments potentially suitable for isolating high-level radioactive wastes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-06T13:43:26","indexId":"wri844091","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4091","title":"Review of buried crystalline rocks of eastern United States in selected hydrogeologic environments potentially suitable for isolating high-level radioactive wastes","docAbstract":"<p>Among the concepts suggested for the deep disposal of high-level radioactive wastes from nuclear power reactors is the excavation of a repository in suitable crystalline rocks overlain by a thick sequence of sedimentary strata in a hydrogeologic environment that would effectively impede waste transport. To determine the occurrence of such environments in the Eastern United States, a review was made of available sources of published or unpublished information, using the following hydrogeologic criteria:</p><ol><li>The top of the crystalline basement rock is 1,000 to 4,000 feet below land surface.<br></li><li>The crystalline rock is overlain by sedimentary rock whose lowermost part, at least, contains ground water with a dissolved-solids concentration of 10,000 milligrams per liter or more.<br></li><li>Shale or clay confining beds overlie the saline-water aquifer.<br></li><li>The flow system in the saline-water aquifer is known or determinable from presently available data.<br></li></ol><p>All of these hydrogeologic conditions occur in two general areas: (1) parts of Indiana, Ohio, and Kentucky, underlain by part of the geologic structure known as the Cincinnati arch, and (2) parts of the Atlantic Coastal Plain from Georgia to New Jersey.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Louisville, KY","doi":"10.3133/wri844091","usgsCitation":"Davis, R.W., 1984, Review of buried crystalline rocks of eastern United States in selected hydrogeologic environments potentially suitable for isolating high-level radioactive wastes: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4091, Report: iii, 20 p.; 2 Plates: 27.38 x 28.96 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844091.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 20 p.; 2 Plates: 27.38 x 28.96 inches","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158347,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4091/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":349801,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4091/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349802,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4091/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349803,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4091/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604170","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, R. W.","contributorId":93459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":58927,"text":"mf1611D - 1984 - Maps showing mines, quarries, prospects, and exposures in the Devils Fork Roadless Area, Scott County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T09:45:38","indexId":"mf1611D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1611","chapter":"D","title":"Maps showing mines, quarries, prospects, and exposures in the Devils Fork Roadless Area, Scott County, Virginia","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Wilderness Act (Public Law 88-577, September 3, 1964) and related acts require the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines to survey certain areas on Federal lands to determine their mineral resource potential. Results must be made available to the public and be submitted to the President&nbsp;and the Congress. This report presents the results of a survey of mines, quarries, prospects, and coal exposures in the vicinity of the Devils Fork Roadless Area in the Jefferson National Forest, Scott County, Virginia. Devils Fork Roadless Area&nbsp;was classified&nbsp;as a further planning area during the Second Roadless Area Review and Evaluation (RARE II) by the U.S. Forest Service, January 1979.</span></p>\n<p><span>The&nbsp;Devils Fork Roadless Area is in the Clinch Ranger district of the Jefferson National Forest, southwestern Virginia. It is located in Scott County, about 5 miles southeast of Big Stone Gap, Virginia, and is accessible from there via U.W. 23 to Duffield, Virginia, and then northeastward along State Route 653 (fig. 1). Access from the north is provided by State Routes 616, 619, and Forest Route 237. Southern access is provided by State Routes 619 and 649. The interior is accessible by foot along overgrown logging railroad grades and abandoned forest roads on the lower portions of Devil Fork, Straight Fork, and Roddy Branch.</span></p>\n<p><span>The&nbsp;Devils Fork Roadless Area is located at the eastern edge of the Appalachian coal region and is within the Cumberland Mountain section of the Appalachian Plateau physiographic province. Most of the area is drained by Devil Fork and its tributaries. Clinch Rock Branch of Straight Creek, Roddy Branch of Valley Creek, and Stinking Creek, all tributary to the Clinch River, drain small fringe tracts. Altitudes range from about 1,550 ft on the lower part of Straight Fork to about 3,490 ft at Cox Place on Little Mountain. Vegetation varies from mixed hardwoods in the uplands to thickets of conifer, rhododendron, and laurel in moist protected areas, as in coves along drainage courses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf1611D","usgsCitation":"Behum, P.T., 1984, Maps showing mines, quarries, prospects, and exposures in the Devils Fork Roadless Area, Scott County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1611, 27.59 x 37.04 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1611D.","productDescription":"27.59 x 37.04 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1611D.PNG"},{"id":327159,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1611-D/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Scott County","otherGeospatial":"Devils Fork Roadless Area, Jefferson National Forest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.70083333333334,36.75138888888889 ], [ -82.70083333333334,36.8675 ], [ -82.58444444444444,36.8675 ], [ -82.58444444444444,36.75138888888889 ], [ -82.70083333333334,36.75138888888889 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a10e4b07f02db5ff6a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Behum, Paul T.","contributorId":86894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behum","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":59053,"text":"mf1710 - 1984 - Bathymetric map of Lydonia Canyon, U.S. Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T09:47:44","indexId":"mf1710","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1710","title":"Bathymetric map of Lydonia Canyon, U.S. Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf","docAbstract":"<p>Lydonia Canyon is one of several large submarine canyons that indent the eastern U.S. Continental Shelf along the southern flank of Georges Bank (Index map). &nbsp;This bathymetric map of the upper part of Lydonia Canyon (water depths shallower than about 2,00 m) was prepared as part of a study of the physical oceanography and geology of Lydonia Canyon (Butman and others, 1983; Twichell, 1983). &nbsp;An accurate map of the canyon at a scale of at least 1:50,000 was needed for placement of current-meter morrings, for location of hydrographic and sediment sampling stations, and for interpretation of current-meter and geologic data. The map covers the area from 40&deg;10'N. to&nbsp;40&deg;40'N. and from 67&deg;28'W. to 67&deg;50'W.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1710","usgsCitation":"Butman, B., and Moody, J.A., 1984, Bathymetric map of Lydonia Canyon, U.S. Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1710, 2 Plates: 32.92 x 49.35 inches and 27.74 x 49.69 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1710.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 32.92 x 49.35 inches and 27.74 x 49.69 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1710.PNG"},{"id":327161,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1710/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":327162,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1710/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf, Lydonia Canyon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -67.83333333333333,40.166666666666664 ], [ -67.83333333333333,40.666666666666664 ], [ -67.5,40.666666666666664 ], [ -67.5,40.166666666666664 ], [ -67.83333333333333,40.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640923","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butman, Bradford 0000-0002-4174-2073 bbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-2073","contributorId":943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"Bradford","email":"bbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":261334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moody, John A. 0000-0003-2609-364X jamoody@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-364X","contributorId":771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"John","email":"jamoody@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":261335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":68546,"text":"ha673 - 1984 - Geology, altitude, and depth of the bedrock surface; altitude of the water table in 1980; and saturated thickness of the Ogallala aquifer in 1980 in the southern High Plains of Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T08:59:02","indexId":"ha673","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"673","title":"Geology, altitude, and depth of the bedrock surface; altitude of the water table in 1980; and saturated thickness of the Ogallala aquifer in 1980 in the southern High Plains of Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>The southern High Plains of Colorado, an area of about 2,800 square miles in the southeastern part of the state, is underlain by the Ogallala Formation of late Tertiary age, The southern High Plains of Colorado extend from the Colorado State line on the east and the ans south to the edge of the Ogallala Formation on the north and west. The Ogallala Formation is an unconsolidated or partly consolidated seposit of sand, gravel, clay silt, and caliche.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ha673","usgsCitation":"Borman, R.G., Meredith, T.S., and Bryn, S.M., 1984, Geology, altitude, and depth of the bedrock surface; altitude of the water table in 1980; and saturated thickness of the Ogallala aquifer in 1980 in the southern High Plains of Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 673, 29.32 x 25.98 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha673.","productDescription":"29.32 x 25.98 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":190405,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ha673.PNG"},{"id":327420,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/673/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.09423828125,\n              38.40194908237825\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.34790039062499,\n              39.86758762451019\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.75463867187499,\n              38.71123253895224\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.886474609375,\n              37.60552821745789\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.017333984375,\n              37.22158045838652\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.09423828125,\n              38.40194908237825\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c6c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borman, Ronald G.","contributorId":69944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borman","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":278436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meredith, Thomas S.","contributorId":21156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meredith","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bryn, Sean M.","contributorId":19637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryn","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":43378,"text":"ofr84452 - 1984 - Irrigated acreage and other land uses on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":43378,"text":"ofr84452 - 1984 - Irrigated acreage and other land uses on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","indexId":"ofr84452","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Irrigated acreage and other land uses on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":68224,"text":"ha691 - 1986 - Irrigated acreage and other land uses on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","indexId":"ha691","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Irrigated acreage and other land uses on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":68224,"text":"ha691 - 1986 - Irrigated acreage and other land uses on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","indexId":"ha691","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Irrigated acreage and other land uses on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T15:47:40.573315","indexId":"ofr84452","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-452","title":"Irrigated acreage and other land uses on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84452","usgsCitation":"Lindholm, G.F., and Goodell, S.A., 1984, Irrigated acreage and other land uses on the Snake River Plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-452, 1 Plate: 58.83 x 41.05 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84452.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 58.83 x 41.05 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":398926,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0452/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":161991,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0452/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":397207,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13413.htm"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.183,\n              42.350\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.542,\n              42.350\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.542,\n              44.315\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.183,\n              44.315\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.183,\n              42.350\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db6672ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindholm, Gerald F.","contributorId":18374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindholm","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":228116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goodell, S. A.","contributorId":38168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodell","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":228117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}