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,{"id":70197362,"text":"70197362 - 1998 - Origins and development of the west-central Florida barrier island system: Interpretations of the past and recommendations for the future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-30T16:37:58","indexId":"70197362","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Origins and development of the west-central Florida barrier island system: Interpretations of the past and recommendations for the future","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"New insights into beach preservation: Proceedings of the 10th National Conference on Beach Preservation Technology","conferenceTitle":"10th National Conference on Beach Preservation Technology","conferenceDate":"January 22-24, 1997","conferenceLocation":"St. Petersburg, FL","language":"English","publisherLocation":"Tallahassee, FL","usgsCitation":"Gelfenbaum, G., Brooks, G.R., Davis, R.A., Doyle, L.J., Gibbs, A.E., Hine, A.C., Locker, S., Twichell, D., and Weisberg, R.H., 1998, Origins and development of the west-central Florida barrier island system: Interpretations of the past and recommendations for the future, <i>in</i> New insights into beach preservation: Proceedings of the 10th National Conference on Beach Preservation Technology, St. Petersburg, FL, January 22-24, 1997, p. 248-259.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"248","endPage":"259","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b15945de4b092d9651e2205","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gelfenbaum, G.","contributorId":72429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooks, G. R.","contributorId":96312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, R. A.","contributorId":83488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doyle, L. J.","contributorId":29003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gibbs, A. E.","contributorId":54229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbs","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hine, A. C.","contributorId":21197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hine","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Locker, S. D.","contributorId":81532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locker","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Twichell, D.C.","contributorId":84304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Weisberg, Robert H.","contributorId":147992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weisberg","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70197508,"text":"70197508 - 1998 - Development of a technically consistent, qualified lithostratigraphic data base for the Yucca Mountain Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-22T17:24:03.417232","indexId":"70197508","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Development of a technically consistent, qualified lithostratigraphic data base for the Yucca Mountain Project","docAbstract":"<p>Studies of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, as a potential geologic nuclear-waste repository began in the late 1970s and continued to 1988 when the U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission determined that the quality assurance (QA) programs in place were not adequate and demanded restructuring to a new QA program. The new QA program was accepted in 1989, but many activities did not resume until new procedures were in place, until the early 1990s. These two generations of QA programs have resulted in a highly convoluted assignment of qualified (Q)-status for much of the data related to boreholes. In the simplest case, any data that came from boreholes drilled before 1989 had been assigned non-qualified (non-Q) status, and all post1989 boreholes (none of which were drilled until 1991) have been assigned Q status. This pre- and post1989 distinction in Q status of borehole data has meant that lithostratigraphic descriptions and contacts from the pre-1989 boreholes have been classed as non-Q, and any models' that used these data also carried the non-Q status (R.W. Clayton, W.P. Zelinski, and C.A. Rautman, TRW Environmental Safety Systems, Inc., written commun., 1997). This Q-status barrier has also limited the amount of lithostratigraphic work done on the pre-1989 boreholes because of the drive to produce Q-status descriptive reports that contain only Q-status data. A parallel and critical concern that arises from such a long history of data collection is the consistent identification of lithostratigraphic units. In the spring of 1996, an intensive effort began to reexamine 11 lithostratigraphic contacts in boreholes. This work was expanded in 1997 to include as many as 50 lithostratigraphic contacts in 80 boreholes. All this work has been done under the post-1989 QA program and emphasizes technically consistent contacts and the Q-status of each contact rather than carteblanche assignment by borehole. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference","conferenceLocation":"Le Grange Park, Illinois","language":"English","publisher":"American Nuclear Society","usgsCitation":"Buesch, D.C., Spengler, R., Witkowski, M., and Keller, S., 1998, Development of a technically consistent, qualified lithostratigraphic data base for the Yucca Mountain Project, <i>in</i> International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, Le Grange Park, Illinois, p. 191-193.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"193","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98de3be4b0702d0e8485bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buesch, David C. 0000-0002-4978-5027 dbuesch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-5027","contributorId":1154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buesch","given":"David","email":"dbuesch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spengler, R.W.","contributorId":7281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spengler","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Witkowski, M.S.","contributorId":205492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Witkowski","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keller, S.M.","contributorId":81512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70197511,"text":"70197511 - 1998 - Character of the middle Nonlithophysal Zone of the Topopah Spring Tuff at Yucca Mountain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-20T15:37:10","indexId":"70197511","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Character of the middle Nonlithophysal Zone of the Topopah Spring Tuff at Yucca Mountain","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference","conferenceDate":"1998","conferenceLocation":"Le Grange Park, IL","language":"English","publisher":"American Nuclear Society","usgsCitation":"Buesch, D.C., and Spengler, R., 1998, Character of the middle Nonlithophysal Zone of the Topopah Spring Tuff at Yucca Mountain, <i>in</i> International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, Le Grange Park, IL, 1998, p. 16-23.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"23","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354851,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98de3be4b0702d0e8485b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buesch, David C. 0000-0002-4978-5027 dbuesch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-5027","contributorId":1154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buesch","given":"David","email":"dbuesch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spengler, R.W.","contributorId":7281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spengler","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70189499,"text":"70189499 - 1998 - Oxic limestone drains for treatment of dilute, acidic mine drainage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-13T16:25:20","indexId":"70189499","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Oxic limestone drains for treatment of dilute, acidic mine drainage","docAbstract":"<p>Limestone treatment systems can be effective for remediation of acidic mine drainage (AMD) that contains moderate concentrations of dissolved O<sub>2</sub> , Fe<sup>3+</sup> , or A1<sup>3+</sup> (1‐5 mg‐L<sup>‐1</sup> ). Samples of water and limestone were collected periodically for 1 year at inflow, outflow, and intermediate points within underground, oxic limestone drains (OLDs) in Pennsylvania to evaluate the transport of dissolved metals and the effect of pH and Fe‐ and Al‐hydrolysis products on the rate of limestone dissolution. The influent was acidic and relatively dilute (pH &lt;4; acidity &lt; 90 mg‐L<sup>‐1</sup> ) but contained 1‐4 mg‐L<sup>‐1</sup> Of O<sub>2</sub> , Fe<sup>3+</sup> , A1<sup>3+</sup> , and Mn<sup>2+</sup> . The total retention time in the OLDs ranged from 1.0 to 3.1 hours. Effluent remained oxic (02 &gt;1 mg‐L<sup>‐1</sup> ) but was near neutral (pH = 6.2‐7.0); Fe and Al decreased to less than 5% of influent concentrations. As pH increased near the inflow, hydrous Fe and Al oxides precipitated in the OLDs. The hydrous oxides, nominally Fe(OH)3 and AI(OH)3, were visible as loosely bound, orange‐yellow coatings on limestone near the inflow. As time elapsed, Fe(OH)3 and AI(OH)3 particles were transported downflow. During the first 6 months of the experiment, Mn 2+ was transported conservatively through the OLDs; however, during the second 6 months, concentrations of Mn in effluent decreased by about 50% relative to influent. The accumulation of hydrous oxides and elevated pH (&gt;5) in the downflow part of the OLDs promoted sorption and coprecipitation of Mn as indicated by its enrichment relative to Fe in hydrous‐oxide particles and coatings on limestone. Despite thick (~1 mm) hydrous‐oxide coatings on limestone near the inflow, CaCO<sub>3</sub> dissolution was more rapid near the inflow than at downflow points within the OLD where the limestone was not coated. The rate of limestone dissolution decreased with increased residence time, pH, and concentrations of Ca<sup>2+</sup> and HCO<sub>3‐</sub> and decreased P<sub>CO2</sub>. The following overall reaction shows alkalinity as an ultimate product of the iron hydrolysis reaction in an OLD:</p><p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\" data-mce-style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Fe<sup>2+</sup> + 0.25 O<sub>2&nbsp;</sub>+CaCO<sub>3</sub> + 2.5 H<sub>2</sub>O --&gt; Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub> + 2 Ca<sup>2+</sup> + 2 HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup></p><p>where 2 moles of CaCO<sub>3</sub> dissolve for each mole of Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub> produced. Hence, in an OLD,&nbsp;rapidly dissolving limestone surfaces are not stable substrates for Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub> attachment and&nbsp;armoring. Because overall efficiency is increased by combining neutralization and hydrolysis&nbsp;reactions, an OLD followed by a settling pond requires less land area than needed for a two‐stage treatment system consisting of an anoxic limestone drain an oxidation‐settling pond or&nbsp;wetland. To facilitate removal of hydrous‐oxide sludge, a perforated‐pipe subdrain can be&nbsp;installed within an OLD.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings Nineteenth Annual West Virginia Surface Mine Drainage Task Force Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"language":"English","publisher":"West Virginia Surface Mine Drainage Task Force","publisherLocation":"Morgantown, WV","usgsCitation":"Cravotta, C., 1998, Oxic limestone drains for treatment of dilute, acidic mine drainage, <i>in</i> Proceedings Nineteenth Annual West Virginia Surface Mine Drainage Task Force Symposium, 28 p.","productDescription":"28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343829,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":343828,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wvmdtaskforce.com/past-symposium-papers/1998-symposium-papers/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596886a5e4b0d1f9f05f5a00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":138829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles A.","suffix":"III","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70189544,"text":"70189544 - 1998 - Ground-water age and atmospheric tracers: Simulation studies and analysis of field data from the Mirror Lake site, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-15T14:31:05","indexId":"70189544","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Ground-water age and atmospheric tracers: Simulation studies and analysis of field data from the Mirror Lake site, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"<p><span>The use of environmental tracers in characterization of ground-water systems is investigated through mathematical modeling of ground-water age and atmospheric tracer transport, and by a field study at the Mirror Lake site, New Hampshire. Theory is presented for modeling ground-water age using the advective-dispersive transport equation. The transport equation includes a zero-order source of unit strength, corresponding to the rate of aging, and can accommodate matrix diffusion and other exchange processes. The effect of temperature fluctuations and layered soils on transport of atmospheric gases to the water table is investigated using a one-dimensional numerical model of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC-11) transport. The nonlinear relation between temperature and Henry's Law coefficient (reflecting air/water phase partitioning) can cause the apparent recharge temperature to be elevated above the annual mean temperature where the water table is shallow. In addition, fine-grained soils can isolate the air phase in the unsaturated zone from the atmosphere. At the USGS' Mirror Lake, New Hampshire fractured-rock research site CFC concentrations near the water table are depleted where dissolved oxygen is low. CFC-11 and CFC-113 are completely absent under anaerobic conditions, while CFC-12 is as low as one-third of modern concentrations. Anaerobic biodegradation apparently consumes CFC's near the water table at this site. One area of active degradation appears to be associated with streamflow loss to ground water. Soil gas concentrations are generally close to atmospheric levels, although some spatial correlation is observed between depleted concentrations of CFC-11 and CFC-113 in soil gas and water-table samples. Results of unsaturated-zone monitoring indicate that recharge occurs throughout the year in the watershed, even during summer evapotranspiration periods, and that seasonal temperature fluctuations occur as much as 5 meters below land surface. Application of ground-water age and CFC-11 transport models to the large-scale ground-water system at Mirror Lake illustrates the similarities between age and chemical transport. Generally, bedrock porosities required to match observed apparent ages from CFC concentrations are high relative to porosities measured on cores. Although matrix diffusion has no effect on steady-state age, it can significantly reduce CFC concentrations in fractured rock in which the effective porosity is low.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Princeton University","usgsCitation":"Goode, D., 1998, Ground-water age and atmospheric tracers: Simulation studies and analysis of field data from the Mirror Lake site, New Hampshire, xviii, 194 p.","productDescription":"xviii, 194 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343914,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"Mirror Lake site","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.69662714004517,\n              43.9407373431014\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.68843030929565,\n              43.9407373431014\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.68843030929565,\n              43.94684008272965\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.69662714004517,\n              43.94684008272965\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.69662714004517,\n              43.9407373431014\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596dcca7e4b0d1f9f0627588","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goode, Daniel J. 0000-0002-8527-2456 djgoode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-2456","contributorId":2433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goode","given":"Daniel J.","email":"djgoode@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27876,"text":"wri984182 - 1998 - Continuous hydrologic simulation of runoff for the Middle Fork and South Fork of the Beargrass Creek basin in Jefferson County, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T19:36:43.874324","indexId":"wri984182","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4182","title":"Continuous hydrologic simulation of runoff for the Middle Fork and South Fork of the Beargrass Creek basin in Jefferson County, Kentucky","docAbstract":"The Hydrological Simulation Pro-gram-FORTRAN (HSPF) was applied to an urban drainage basin in Jefferson County, Ky to integrate the large amounts of information being collected on water quantity and quality into an analytical framework that could be used as a management and planning tool. Hydrologic response units were developed using geographic data and a K-means analysis to characterize important hydrologic and physical factors in the basin. The Hydrological Simulation Program FORTRAN Expert System (HSPEXP) was used to calibrate the model parameters for the Middle Fork Beargrass Creek Basin for 3 years (June 1, 1991, to May 31, 1994) of 5-minute streamflow and precipitation time series, and 3 years of hourly pan-evaporation time series. The calibrated model parameters were applied to the South Fork Beargrass Creek Basin for confirmation. The model confirmation results indicated that the model simulated the system within acceptable tolerances. The coefficient of determination and coefficient of model-fit efficiency between simulated and observed daily flows were 0.91 and 0.82, respectively, for model calibration and 0.88 and 0.77, respectively, for model confirmation. The model is most sensitive to estimates of the area of effective impervious land in the basin; the spatial distribution of rain-fall; and the lower-zone evapotranspiration, lower-zone nominal storage, and infiltration-capacity parameters during recession and low-flow periods. The error contribution from these sources varies with season and antecedent conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984182","usgsCitation":"Jarrett, G.L., Downs, A.C., and Grace-Jarrett, P.A., 1998, Continuous hydrologic simulation of runoff for the Middle Fork and South Fork of the Beargrass Creek basin in Jefferson County, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4182, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984182.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158897,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415458,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49024.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":2174,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri984182/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","county":"Jefferson County","otherGeospatial":"Middle Fork and South Fork of the Beargrass Creek basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.75,\n              38.2833\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.75,\n              38.1833\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.5292,\n              38.1833\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.5292,\n              38.2833\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.75,\n              38.2833\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691f6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarrett, G. Lynn","contributorId":75577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarrett","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Downs, Aimee C. acdowns@usgs.gov","contributorId":929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downs","given":"Aimee","email":"acdowns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":198828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grace-Jarrett, Patricia A.","contributorId":54633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace-Jarrett","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70196623,"text":"70196623 - 1998 - Erosion, weathering, and sedimentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-09T16:37:51.238597","indexId":"70196623","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"19","title":"Erosion, weathering, and sedimentation","docAbstract":"<p><span>This chapter explains how a variety of nuclides have been applied to catchments throughout the world. One of the most exciting new approaches for quantifying the rate at which catchments erode is the measurement of&nbsp;</span><i>in situ</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>produced cosmogenic nuclides. The commonly applied nuclides for erosion rate measurements are<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>He,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>10</sup><span>Be,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>26</sup><span>A1, and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>36</sup><span>C1. Use of such nuclides was restricted to determining denudation rates of exposed bedrock outcrops. It appears that samples have generally been collected from outcrops standing above the surrounding landscape. These protrusions of bedrock may erode more slowly because they shed water rapidly, thus reducing the efficacy of chemical weathering. Geomorphologists have used sediment deposits or suspended particle loads in rivers to evaluate erosive processes in catchments. Linking this approach to fluxes of anthropogenic radionuclides such as<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>137</sup><span>Cs or natural<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>210</sup><span>Pb opens up a new avenue for understanding processes such as particle formation via weathering, soil formation, denudation, transport, and sedimentation. There are some factors that must be considered when attempting to use Sr isotopes to identify solute sources or quantify mineral weathering rates or processes at the catchment scale. First,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr observed in streamflow probably does not reflect current weathering in the catchment but rather a partial integration of the weathering history and the evolution of the cation exchange pool. Second, Sr release must be distinguished from mineral dissolution as a bulk mass transfer process in cases where Sr may be preferentially lost from the mineral relative to more tightly bound cations. 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,{"id":79141,"text":"ofr9878W - 1998 - Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin lakes, water year 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:23:45","indexId":"ofr9878W","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-78","title":"Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin lakes, water year 1997","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with local and other agencies, collects data at selected lakes throughout Wisconsin. These data, accumulated over many years, provide a data base for developing an improved understanding of the water quality of lakes. To make these data available to interested parties outside the USGS, the data are published annually in this report series. The location of water-quality and lake-stage stations in Wisconsin for water year 1997 are shown in figure 1. A water year is the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30. It is designated by the calendar year in which it ends. Thus, the period October 1, 1996 through September 30, 1997 is called 'water year 1997'. The purpose of this report is to provide information about the physical and chemical characteristics of Wisconsin lakes. Data that have been collected at specific lakes, and information to aid in the interpretation of those data, are included in this report. Data collected include measurements of lake stage and in-lake water quality. Graphs of Secchi depths, surface total-phosphorus and chlorophyll-a concentrations versus time are usually included for lakes with two or more years of data. Graphs of vertical profiles of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance are included for sites where these parameters were measured. Descriptive information for each lake includes: location of the lake, area of the lake's watershed, period for which data are available, revisions to previously published records, and pertinent remarks. Additional data, such as streamflow and water quality in tributary and outlet streams of some of the lakes, are published in another volume: 'Water Resources Data-Wisconsin, 1997'.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9878W","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Wisconsin and local agencies","usgsCitation":"Robertson, D.M., Elder, J.F., Garn, H., Goodard, G., Marsh, S., Olson, D., and Rose, W.J., 1998, Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin lakes, water year 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-78, vi, 129 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9878W.","productDescription":"vi, 129 p.","numberOfPages":"135","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1996-10-01","temporalEnd":"1997-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science 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,{"id":70022044,"text":"70022044 - 1998 - In-situ alteration of minerals by acidic ground water resulting from mining activities: Preliminary evaluation of method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-01T16:49:29.57625","indexId":"70022044","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In-situ alteration of minerals by acidic ground water resulting from mining activities: Preliminary evaluation of method","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id7\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id8\"><p><span>The chemical composition of the Cu-mining-related acidic ground water (pH ∼ 3.5 to near neutral) in Pinal Creek Basin, Arizona has been monitored since 1980. In-situ experiments are planned using alluvial sediments placed in the ground-water flow path to measure changes in mineral and chemical composition and changes in dissolution rates of subsurface alluvial sediments. The test results should help refine developed models of predicted chemical changes in ground-water composition and models of streamflow. For the preliminary test, sediment from the depth of the well screen of a newly drilled well was installed in three wells, the source well (pH 4.96) and two up-gradient wells (pHs 4.27 and 4.00). The sediment was placed in woven macrofilters, fastened in series to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes, and hung at the screened level of each well. After interacting with the slowly moving ground water for 48 days, the test sediments were removed for analysis. There was no evidence that any of the materials used were biologically or chemically degraded or that the porosity of the filters was diminished by ferric hydroxide precipitation. These materials included 21-μm-pore (21PEMF) and 67-μm-pore polyester and the 174-μm-pore fluorocarbon Spectra/mesh macrofilters containing the in-situ sediment, the polypropylene (PP) macrofilter support structures, and the Nylon (NY) monofilament line used to attach the samples to the PVC pipe. Based on chemical and mineral composition and on particle-size distribution of the sediment before and after ground-water exposure, the 21PEMF macrofilter was chosen as the most suitable macrofilter for the long-term in-situ experiment. Tests also showed that the PP support structures and the NY monofilament line were sufficiently durable for this experiment.</span></p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0375-6742(98)00039-9","usgsCitation":"Lind, C.J., Creasey, C.L., and Angeroth, C.E., 1998, In-situ alteration of minerals by acidic ground water resulting from mining activities: Preliminary evaluation of method: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 64, no. 1-3, p. 293-305, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0375-6742(98)00039-9.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"305","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230552,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Pinal Creek drainage basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.916667,\n              33.583333\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.916667,\n              33.333\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.75,\n              33.333\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.75,\n              33.583333\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.916667,\n              33.583333\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39bfe4b0c8380cd61a21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lind, Carol J.","contributorId":36110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lind","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Creasey, C. 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,{"id":70181788,"text":"70181788 - 1998 - Loose-coupling a cellular automaton model and GIS: Long-term urban growth prediction for San Francisco and Washington/Baltimore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-12T11:29:04","indexId":"70181788","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2046,"text":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Loose-coupling a cellular automaton model and GIS: Long-term urban growth prediction for San Francisco and Washington/Baltimore","docAbstract":"<p><span>Prior research developed a cellular automaton model, that was calibrated by using historical digital maps of urban areas and can be used to predict the future extent of an urban area. The model has now been applied to two rapidly growing, but remarkably different urban areas: the San Francisco Bay region in California and the Washington/Baltimore corridor in the Eastern United States. This paper presents the calibration and prediction results for both regions, reviews their data requirements, compares the differences in the initial configurations and control parameters for the model in the two settings, and discusses the role of GIS in the applications. The model has generated some long term predictions that appear useful for urban planning and are consistent with results from other models and observations of growth. Although the GIS was only loosely coupled with the model, the model's provision of future urban patterns as data layers for GIS description and analysis is an important outcome of this type of calculation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/136588198241617","usgsCitation":"Clarke, K., and Gaydos, L., 1998, Loose-coupling a cellular automaton model and GIS: Long-term urban growth prediction for San Francisco and Washington/Baltimore: International Journal of Geographical Information Science, v. 12, no. 7, p. 699-714, https://doi.org/10.1080/136588198241617.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"699","endPage":"714","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335320,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Maryland","city":"Baltimore, San Francisco, Washington D.C.","volume":"12","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a4253be4b0c825128ad47e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clarke, Keith","contributorId":13861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gaydos, Leonard","contributorId":79888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaydos","given":"Leonard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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