No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Architecture of the central Brooks Range fold and thrust belt, Arctic Alaska","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2324-8.269","usgsCitation":"Wissinger, E.S., Levander, A.R., Oldow, J.S., Fuis, G.S., and Lutter, W.J., 1998, Seismic profiling constraints on the evolution of the central Brooks Range, Arctic Alaska, chap. of Architecture of the central Brooks Range fold and thrust belt, Arctic Alaska, p. 269-291, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2324-8.269.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"291","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":418062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"central Brooks Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -151.5,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -151.5,\n 67\n ],\n [\n -148,\n 67\n ],\n [\n -148,\n 69\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wissinger, E. S.","contributorId":86496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wissinger","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Levander, A. R.","contributorId":104644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levander","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oldow, J. S.","contributorId":9716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oldow","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fuis, Gary S. 0000-0002-3078-1544 fuis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3078-1544","contributorId":2639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"Gary","email":"fuis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lutter, W. J.","contributorId":90361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutter","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70226932,"text":"70226932 - 1998 - Objective delineation of lahar-inundation hazard zones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-21T16:49:31.753713","indexId":"70226932","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T10:40:30","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Objective delineation of lahar-inundation hazard zones","docAbstract":"A new method of delineating lahar hazard zones in valleys that head on volcano flanks provides a rapid, objective, reproducible alternative to traditional methods. The rationale for the method derives from scaling analyses of generic lahar paths and statistical analyses of 27 lahar paths documented at nine volcanoes. Together these analyses yield semiempirical equations that predict inundated valley cross-sectional areas (A) and planimetric areas (B) as functions of lahar volume (V). The predictive equations (A = 0.05V2/3 and B = 200 V2/3) provide all information necessary to calculate and plot inundation limits on topographic maps. By using a range of prospective lahar volumes to evaluate A and B, a range of inundation limits can be plotted for lahars of increasing volume and decreasing probability. Resulting hazard maps show graphically that lahar-inundation potentials are highest near volcanoes and along valley thalwegs, and diminish gradually as distances from volcanoes and elevations above valley floors increase. We automate hazard-zone delineation by embedding the predictive equations in a geographic information system (GIS) computer program that uses digital elevation models of topography. Lahar hazard zones computed for Mount Rainier, Washington, mimic those constructed on the basis of intensive field investigations. The computed hazard zones illustrate the potentially widespread impact of large lahars, which on average inundate planimetric areas 20 times larger than those inundated by rock avalanches of comparable volume.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110%3C0972:ODOLIH%3E2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Iverson, R.M., and Schilling, S.P., 1998, Objective delineation of lahar-inundation hazard zones: GSA Bulletin, v. 110, no. 8, p. 972-984, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110%3C0972:ODOLIH%3E2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"972","endPage":"984","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393201,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Rainier","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.96197509765625,\n 46.6795944656402\n ],\n [\n -121.5582275390625,\n 46.6795944656402\n ],\n [\n -121.5582275390625,\n 46.98399993718925\n ],\n [\n -121.96197509765625,\n 46.98399993718925\n ],\n [\n -121.96197509765625,\n 46.6795944656402\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 riverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Richard","email":"riverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schilling, Steven P.","contributorId":31081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":828829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70093566,"text":"70093566 - 1998 - An empirical method for estimating travel times for wet volcanic mass flows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-07T10:04:11","indexId":"70093566","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T09:57:41","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An empirical method for estimating travel times for wet volcanic mass flows","docAbstract":"Travel times for wet volcanic mass flows (debris avalanches and lahars) can be forecast as a function of distance from source when the approximate flow rate (peak discharge near the source) can be estimated beforehand. The near-source flow rate is primarily a function of initial flow volume, which should be possible to estimate to an order of magnitude on the basis of geologic, geomorphic, and hydrologic factors at a particular volcano. Least-squares best fits to plots of flow-front travel time as a function of distance from source provide predictive second-degree polynomial equations with high coefficients of determination for four broad size classes of flow based on near-source flow rate: extremely large flows (>1 000 000 m3/s), very large flows (10 000–1 000 000 m3/s), large flows (1000–10 000 m3/s), and moderate flows (100–1000 m3/s). A strong nonlinear correlation that exists between initial total flow volume and flow rate for \"instantaneously\" generated debris flows can be used to estimate near-source flow rates in advance. Differences in geomorphic controlling factors among different flows in the data sets have relatively little effect on the strong nonlinear correlations between travel time and distance from source. Differences in flow type may be important, especially for extremely large flows, but this could not be evaluated here. At a given distance away from a volcano, travel times can vary by approximately an order of magnitude depending on flow rate. The method can provide emergency-management officials a means for estimating time windows for evacuation of communities located in hazard zones downstream from potentially hazardous volcanoes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s004450050219","usgsCitation":"Pierson, T.C., 1998, An empirical method for estimating travel times for wet volcanic mass flows: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 60, no. 2, p. 98-109, https://doi.org/10.1007/s004450050219.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"98","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004450050219"}],"volume":"60","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4c75e4b0b290850f1002","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierson, Thomas C. 0000-0001-9002-4273 tpierson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-4273","contributorId":2498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Thomas","email":"tpierson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199197,"text":"70199197 - 1998 - Analysis and simulation of reactive transport of metal contaminants in ground water in Pinal Creek Basin, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T10:00:59","indexId":"70199197","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T09:57:23","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis and simulation of reactive transport of metal contaminants in ground water in Pinal Creek Basin, Arizona","docAbstract":"Large-scale mining activities have generated a plume of acidic ground water more than 15 km long in the regional aquifer of the Pinal Creek Basin. A one-dimensional reactive-transport model was developed using PHREEQC to aid in the analysis of transport and chemical processes in the plume and to determine the uses and limitations of this type of modeling approach. In 1984, the acidic part of the plume had a pH as low as 3.4 and contained milligram-per-liter concentrations of iron, copper, aluminum and other metals. From 1984 to 1994, concentrations of contaminants in the alluvial aquifer in Pinal Creek Basin, Arizona, decreased as a result of mixing, recharge, remedial pumping and chemical reactions. For reactions involving gypsum and rhodochrosite, the equilibrium modeling assumption of a local geochemical equilibrium was generally valid. From 1984 to 1990, water along the simulated flow path was at equilibrium or slightly supersaturated with gypsum, and gypsum equilibria controlled dissolved concentrations of calcium and sulfate. Beginning in 1991, water in the acidic part of the plume became increasingly undersaturated with respect to gypsum, indicating that the gypsum available for dissolution in the aquifer may have been completely consumed by about 1991. Rhodochrosite precipitation was thought responsible for the measured attenuation in dissolved manganese in the neutralized zone. For reactions involving calcite, the assumption of a local geochemical equilibrium was generally not valid. Dissolution of calcite in the transition zone was not sufficient to establish equilibrium although, following neutralization, the calcite saturation index decreased to −1.2 in 1986. Calcite undersaturation decreased along the flow path in the neutralized zone, and equilibrium was attained about 7 km downgradient of the transition zone. The assumption of a local geochemical equilibrium was not valid for oxidation–reduction reactions that involved iron oxides and manganese oxides. Kinetically controlled oxidation–reduction reactions continued in the acidic part of the flow path for years following the passage of the transition zone. Although the equilibrium approach helped to provide an increased understanding of contaminant transport at Pinal Creek, future work will require a kinetic modeling approach to more accurately simulate selected reactions between the plume and aquifer materials.
This Protocol is designed to evaluate the fate in ground water of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons and/or fuel hydrocarbons. Documentation of natural attenuation requires detailed site characterization. The data collected under this protocol can be used to compare the relative effectiveness of other remedial options. and natural attenuation. This protocol should be used to evaluate whether monitored natural attenuation by itself or in conjunction with other remedial technologies is sufficient to achieve site-specific remedial objectives. Understanding the contaminant flow field in the subsurface is essential for a technically justified evaluation of a monitored natural attenuation remedial option; therefore, use of this protocol is not appropriate for evaluating monitored natural attenuation at sites where the contaminant flow field cannot be determined with an acceptable degree of certainty (e.g., complex fractured bedrock, karst, aquifers.)
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98226B","usgsCitation":"Walsh, G.J., and Ratcliffe, N.M., 1998, Digital and preliminary bedrock geologic map of the Pico Peak quadrangle, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-226-B, 3 Computer Disks, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98226B.","productDescription":"3 Computer Disks","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157514,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":108811,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17784.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Pico Peak quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.875,\n 43.75\n ],\n [\n -72.875,\n 43.625\n ],\n [\n -72.75,\n 43.625\n ],\n [\n -72.75,\n 43.75\n ],\n [\n -72.875,\n 43.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b460d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walsh, G. J.","contributorId":119623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":510968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ratcliffe, N. M.","contributorId":116694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":510967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25793,"text":"wri964135 - 1998 - Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River Basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin: Pesticides and other synthetic organic compounds in water, sediment, and biota, 1975-90","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-13T22:54:31.331835","indexId":"wri964135","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4135","title":"Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River Basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin: Pesticides and other synthetic organic compounds in water, sediment, and biota, 1975-90","docAbstract":"The distribution of pesticides and other synthetic organic compounds in water, sediment, and biota in the upper Illinois River Basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin was examined from 1987 through 1990 as part of the pilot National Water-Quality Assesssment Program conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey. Historical data for water and sediment collected from 1975 through 1986 were similar to data collected from 1987 through 1990. Some compounds were detected in concentrations that exceed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency water-quality criteria.\r\nResults from pesticide sampling at four stations in 1988 and 1989 identified several agricultural pesticides that were detected more frequently and at higher concentrations in urban areas than in agricultural areas. Results from herbicide sampling at 17 stations in the Kankakee and Iroquois River Basins in 1990 indicated that atrazine concentrations exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's maximum contaminant level for drinking water during runoff periods.\r\n\r\nResults from sampling for volatile and semivolatile organic compounds in water indicate that, with one exception, all stations at which more than one compound was detected were within 2 miles downstream from the nearest point source. Detections at two stations in the Chicago urban area accounted for 37 percent of the total number of detections. Concentrations of tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, and 1,2-dichlorethane from stations in the Des Plaines River Basin exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's maximum contaminant level for drinking water in one and two samples from the two stations in the Chicago area.\r\n\r\nPhenols and pentachlorophenols were detected most frequently in the Des Plaines River Basin where point-source discharges were common. Phenol concentrations were significantly different among the Des Plaines, Kankakee, and Fox River Basins. Phenols and pentachlorophenols never exceeded the general use and secondary contact standards.\r\n\r\nResults from a 1989 synoptic survey of semivolatile organic compounds in sediment indicate that these compounds were detected most frequently at sites in the Chicago urban area. Of the 17 stations at which 10 or more compounds were detected, 14 were located in the Des Plaines River subbasin, and 1 was on the Illinois River mainstem. As was the case with organic compounds in water, each of these sites was located within 2 miles downstream from point sources.\r\n\r\nBiota samples were collected and analyzed for organochlorines and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in 1989 and 1990. The most commonly detected compound in both years was p,p'-DDE. National Academy of Science recommendations for chlordane and dieldrin for protection of predators were exceeded in 19 and 10 samples, respectively, when the 1989 and 1990 data were combined. In the nine fish-fillet samples collected in 1989, concentrations exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency fish-tissue criteria in nine fillets for p,p'-DDE and five fillets for dieldrin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964135","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, D.J., Stinson, T.W., Crawford, J.K., Schmidt, A.R., and Colman, J.A., 1998, Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River Basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin: Pesticides and other synthetic organic compounds in water, sediment, and biota, 1975-90: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4135, ix, 131 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964135.","productDescription":"ix, 131 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":410424,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48484.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":54540,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4135/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4135/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"upper Illinois River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.50100801193956,\n 41.651204269025726\n ],\n [\n -87.86903427371796,\n 42.67736509991755\n ],\n [\n -87.85468280424294,\n 43.21643185455525\n ],\n [\n -88.5468191414437,\n 42.97806865325791\n ],\n [\n -88.7940388908309,\n 41.76665358974668\n ],\n [\n -88.64362768300037,\n 40.67935213936329\n ],\n [\n -87.9724865679459,\n 40.104537895285915\n ],\n [\n -86.93471258293368,\n 40.035497013445195\n ],\n [\n -86.43413199631502,\n 41.14711718277687\n ],\n [\n -86.43401024073836,\n 41.648745486108396\n ],\n [\n -86.70965405093068,\n 41.72392178190145\n ],\n [\n -87.50100801193956,\n 41.651204269025726\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689b0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, Daniel J. 0000-0003-2705-3738 djsulliv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2705-3738","contributorId":1703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Daniel","email":"djsulliv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":195093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stinson, Troy W.","contributorId":33739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stinson","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crawford, J. Kent","contributorId":54176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kent","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmidt, Arthur R.","contributorId":105709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Colman, John A. 0000-0001-9327-0779 jacolman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9327-0779","contributorId":2098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"John","email":"jacolman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":32054,"text":"ofr98226A - 1998 - Digital and preliminary bedrock geologic map of the Pico Peak quadrangle, Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T21:09:54.566863","indexId":"ofr98226A","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-226","chapter":"A","title":"Digital and preliminary bedrock geologic map of the Pico Peak quadrangle, Vermont","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98226A","usgsCitation":"Walsh, G.J., and Ratcliffe, N.M., 1998, Digital and preliminary bedrock geologic map of the Pico Peak quadrangle, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-226, 1 Plate: 46.35 x 31.69 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98226A.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 46.35 x 31.69 inches","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":108812,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17784.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"17784"},{"id":164319,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Pico Peak quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.875,\n 43.75\n ],\n [\n -72.875,\n 43.625\n ],\n [\n -72.75,\n 43.625\n ],\n [\n -72.75,\n 43.75\n ],\n [\n -72.875,\n 43.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b460c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walsh, Gregory J. 0000-0003-4264-8836 gwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4264-8836","contributorId":873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Gregory","email":"gwalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":207535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ratcliffe, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-7922-5784 nratclif@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7922-5784","contributorId":4167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"Nicholas","email":"nratclif@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":207536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5060,"text":"fs04198 - 1998 - Sedimentary environments in Long Island Sound: A guide to sea-floor management in a large urbanized estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-01T20:21:15.122953","indexId":"fs04198","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"041-98","title":"Sedimentary environments in Long Island Sound: A guide to sea-floor management in a large urbanized estuary","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs04198","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998, Sedimentary environments in Long Island Sound: A guide to sea-floor management in a large urbanized estuary: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 041-98, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs04198.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409946,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_62306.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":31870,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0041/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0041/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, New York","otherGeospatial":"Long Island Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.94711771058114,\n 41.32273456899148\n ],\n [\n -72.16923451489465,\n 41.33663393688414\n ],\n [\n -72.34199202936139,\n 41.304197465901865\n ],\n [\n -72.8849442176835,\n 41.25319325464142\n ],\n [\n -72.90962386260688,\n 41.28565509171449\n ],\n [\n -73.162590223075,\n 41.178934170267325\n ],\n [\n -73.44640613969774,\n 41.099941538204206\n ],\n [\n -73.71171232262833,\n 40.96031076141182\n ],\n [\n -73.91531939324892,\n 40.76433041422044\n ],\n [\n -73.77341143493754,\n 40.792363106918856\n ],\n [\n -73.50193534077651,\n 40.87639019465814\n ],\n [\n -73.40321676108142,\n 40.91836379597885\n ],\n [\n -73.20577960169204,\n 40.87639019465814\n ],\n [\n -73.11323093322746,\n 40.9463313994888\n ],\n [\n -72.68133714706214,\n 40.955651303000735\n ],\n [\n -72.44071060905573,\n 41.05343084914065\n ],\n [\n -71.94711771058114,\n 41.32273456899148\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbdb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70020677,"text":"70020677 - 1998 - Water flow through temperate glaciers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-17T16:37:33.862421","indexId":"70020677","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3283,"text":"Reviews of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water flow through temperate glaciers","docAbstract":"Understanding water movement through a glacier is fundamental to several critical issues in glaciology, including glacier dynamics, glacier-induced floods, and the prediction of runoff from glacierized drainage basins. to this end we have synthesized a conceptual model os water movement through a temperate glacier from the surface to the outlet stream. Processes that regulate the rate and distribution of water input at the glacier surface and that regulate water movement from the surface to the bed play important but commonly neglected roles in glacier hydrology. Where a glacier is covered by a layer of porous, permeable firn (the accumulation zone), the flux of water to the glacier interior varies slowly because the firn temporarily stores water and thereby smooths out variations in the supply rate. In the firn-free ablation zone, in contrast, the flux of water into the glacier depends directly on the rate of surface melt or rainfall and therefore varies greatly in time. Water moves from the surface to the bed through an upward branching arborescent network consisting of both steeply inclined conduits, formed by the enlargement of intergranular veins, and gently inclined conduits, sprqwned by water flow along the bottoms of near-surface fractures (crevasses). Englacial drainage conduits deliver water to the glacier bed at a linited number of points, probably a long distance downglacier of where water enters the glacier. Englacial conduits supplied from the accumulation zone are quasi steady state features that convey the slowly varying water flux delivered via the firn. their size adjusts so that they are usually full of water and flow is pressurized. In contrast, water flow in englacial conduits supplied from the ablation area is pressurized only near times of peak daily flow or during rainstorms; flow is otherwise in an open-channel configuration. The subglacial drainage system typically consists of several elements that are distinct both morpphologically and hydrologically. An up-glacier branching, arborescent network of channels incised into the basal ice conveys water rapidly. Much of the water flux to the bed probably enters directly into the arborescent channel network, which covers only a small fraction of the glacier bed. More extensive spatially is a nonarborescent network, which commonly includes cabities (gaps between the glacier sole and bed), channels incised into the bed, and a layer of permeable sediment. The nonarborescent network conveys water slowly and is usually poorly connected to the arborescent system. The arborescent channel network largely collapses during winter but reforms in the spring as the first flush of meltwater to the bed destabilizes the cavities within the nonarborescent net6work. The volume of water stored by a glacier varies diurnally and seasonally. Small, temperate alpine glaciers seem to attain a maximum seasonal water storage of ~200 mm of water averaged over the area of the glacier bed, with daily fluctuations of as much as 20-30 mm. The likely storage capacity of subglacial cavities is insufficient to account for estimated stored water volumes, so most water storage may actually occur englacially. Sotred water may also be released abruptly and catastrophically in the form of outburst floods.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/97RG03579","issn":"87551209","usgsCitation":"Fountain, A.G., and Walder, J.S., 1998, Water flow through temperate glaciers: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 36, no. 3, p. 299-328, https://doi.org/10.1029/97RG03579.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"328","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":492440,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/97rg03579","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230956,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc7e0e4b08c986b32c68e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fountain, A. G.","contributorId":29815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fountain","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walder, Joseph S. jswalder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walder","given":"Joseph","email":"jswalder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020744,"text":"70020744 - 1998 - Nitrogen excess in North American ecosystems: Predisposing factors, ecosystem responses, and management strategies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-22T15:53:59.415174","indexId":"70020744","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen excess in North American ecosystems: Predisposing factors, ecosystem responses, and management strategies","docAbstract":"Most forests in North America remain nitrogen limited, although recent studies have identified forested areas that exhibit symptoms of N excess, analogous to overfertilization of arable land. Nitrogen excess in watersheds is detrimental because of disruptions in plant/soil nutrient relations, increased soil acidification and aluminum mobility, increased emissions of nitrogenous greenhouse gases from soil, reduced methane consumption in soil, decreased water quality, toxic effects on freshwater biota, and eutrophication of coastal marine waters. Elevated nitrate (NO3−) loss to groundwater or surface waters is the primary symptom of N excess. Additional symptoms include increasing N concentrations and higher N:nutrient ratios in foliage (i.e., N:Mg, N:P), foliar accumulation of amino acids or NO3−, and low soil C:N ratios. Recent nitrogen-fertilization studies in New England and Europe provide preliminary evidence that some forests receiving chronic N inputs may decline in productivity and experience greater mortality. Long-term fertilization at Mount Ascutney, Vermont, suggests that declining and slow N-cycling coniferous stands may be replaced by fast-growing and fast N-cycling deciduous forests.
Symptoms of N saturation are particularly severe in high-elevation, nonaggrading spruce–fir ecosystems in the Appalachian Mountains and in eastern hardwood watersheds at the Fernow Experimental Forest near Parsons, West Virginia. In the Los Angeles Air Basin, mixed conifer forests and chaparral watersheds with high smog exposure are N saturated and exhibit the highest streamwater NO3− concentrations for wildlands in North America. High-elevation alpine watersheds in the Colorado Front Range and a deciduous forest in Ontario, Canada, are N saturated, although N deposition is moderate (∼8 kg·ha−1·yr−1). In contrast, the Harvard Forest hardwood stand in Massachusetts has absorbed >900 kg N/ha during 8 yr of N amendment studies without significant NO3− leaching, illustrating that ecosystems vary widely in the capacity to retain N inputs.
Overly mature forests with high N deposition, high soil N stores, and low soil C:N ratios are prone to N saturation and NO3− leaching. Additional characteristics favoring low N retention capacity include a short growing season (reduced plant N demand) and reduced contact time between drainage water and soil (i.e., porous coarse-textured soils, exposed bedrock or talus). Temporal patterns of hydrologic fluxes interact with biotic uptake and internal cycling patterns in determining ecosystem N retention. Soils are the largest storage pool for N inputs, although vegetation uptake is also important. Recent studies indicate that nitrification may be widespread in undisturbed ecosystems, and that microbial assimilation of NO3− may be a significant N retention mechanism, contrary to previous assumptions. Further studies are needed to elucidate the sites, forms, and mechanisms of N retention and incorporation into soil organic matter, and to test potential management options for mitigating N losses from forests. Implementation of intensive management practices in N-saturated ecosystems may only be feasible in high-priority areas and on a limited scale. Reduction of N emissions would be a preferable solution, although major reductions in the near future are unlikely in many areas due to economic, energy-use, policy, and demographic considerations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[0706:NEINAE]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Fenn, M.E., Poth, M.A., Aber, J.D., Baron, J., Bormann, B.T., Johnson, D.W., Lemly, A., McNulty, S., Ryan, D., and Stottlemyer, R., 1998, Nitrogen excess in North American ecosystems: Predisposing factors, ecosystem responses, and management strategies: Ecological Applications, v. 8, no. 3, p. 706-733, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[0706:NEINAE]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"706","endPage":"733","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231468,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66d4e4b0c8380cd72ff9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fenn, Mark E.","contributorId":94168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenn","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poth, M. A.","contributorId":57330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poth","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aber, J. D.","contributorId":102759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aber","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bormann, Bernard T.","contributorId":192223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bormann","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Dale W.","contributorId":177338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lemly, A. Dennis","contributorId":176697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lemly","given":"A. Dennis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McNulty, Steven G.","contributorId":222251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNulty","given":"Steven G.","affiliations":[{"id":39173,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, Raleigh, NC, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":387342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ryan, D.F.","contributorId":43626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stottlemyer, Robert","contributorId":97058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stottlemyer","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":4311,"text":"cir1139 - 1998 - Ground water and surface water: A single resource","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-03T16:16:38","indexId":"cir1139","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1139","title":"Ground water and surface water: A single resource","docAbstract":"The importance of considering ground water and surface water as a single resource has become increasingly evident. Issues related to water supply, water quality, and degradation of aquatic environments are reported on frequently. The interaction of ground water and surface water has been shown to be a significant concern in many of these issues. Contaminated aquifers that discharge to streams can result in long-term contamination of surface water; conversely, streams can be a major source of contamination to aquifers. Surface water commonly is hydraulically connected to ground water, but the interactions are difficult to observe and measure. The purpose of this report is to present our current understanding of these processes and activities as well as limitations in our knowledge and ability to characterize them.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1139","usgsCitation":"Winter, T.C., Harvey, J.W., Franke, O.L., and Alley, W., 1998, Ground water and surface water: A single resource: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1139, vii, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1139.","productDescription":"vii, 79 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":117318,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1998/1139/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31422,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1998/1139/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/circ1139/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dc79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winter, Thomas C.","contributorId":84736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, Judson W. 0000-0002-2654-9873 jwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":1796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","email":"jwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":148814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Franke, O. Lehn","contributorId":63357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franke","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lehn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alley, William M.","contributorId":93030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alley","given":"William M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":4860,"text":"ds50 - 1998 - Teaching earth science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-26T11:17:52","indexId":"ds50","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50","title":"Teaching earth science","docAbstract":"This CD-ROM contains 17 teaching tools: 16 interactive HyperCard 'stacks' and a printable model. They are separated into the following categories: Geologic Processes, Earthquakes and Faulting, and Map Projections and Globes. A 'navigation' stack, Earth Science, is provided as a 'launching' place from which to access all of the other stacks. You can also open the HyperCard Stacks folder and launch any of the 16 stacks yourself. In addition, a 17th tool, Earth and Tectonic Globes, is provided as a printable document. Each of the tools can be copied onto a 1.4-MB floppy disk and distributed freely.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds50","isbn":"0607898941","usgsCitation":"1998, Teaching earth science: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 50, 1 computer laser optical disc, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds50.","productDescription":"1 computer laser optical disc","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115723,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-50/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68633b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Alpha, Tau Rho","contributorId":63371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpha","given":"Tau","email":"","middleInitial":"Rho","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725891,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diggles, Michael F. 0000-0002-9946-0247 mdiggles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9946-0247","contributorId":810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diggles","given":"Michael","email":"mdiggles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5053,"text":"IPDS Training","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5066,"text":"Office of the Director USGS","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725892,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22793,"text":"ofr98172 - 1998 - Ground-water conditions in Georgia, 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-05T11:29:54","indexId":"ofr98172","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-172","title":"Ground-water conditions in Georgia, 1997","docAbstract":"Ground-water conditions in Georgia during 1997 and for the period of record were evaluated using data from ground-water-level and ground-water-quality monitoring networks. Data for 1997 included in this report are from continuous water-level records from 71 wells and chloride analyses from 14 wells.\r\n\r\nIn 1997, annual mean ground-water levels in Georgia ranged from 6.2 feet (ft) lower to 5.6 ft higher than in 1996. Of the 71 wells summarized in this report, 23 wells had annual mean water levels that were higher, 35 wells had annual mean water levels that were lower, and 11 wells had annual mean water levels that were about the same in 1997 as during 1996. Data for two wells are incomplete because data collection was discontinued at one well, and the equipment was vandalized at one well.\r\n\r\nRecord-low daily mean water levels were recorded in six wells tapping the Upper Floridan aquifer, one well tapping the Caliborne aquifer, two wells tapping the Clayton aquifer, and three wells tapping Cretaceous aquifers. These record lows were from 0.2 to 5.6 ft lower than previous record lows.\r\n\r\nChloride concentration in water from the Upper Floridan aquifer in most of coastal Georgia was within drinking-water standards established by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In the Savannah area, chloride concentration has not changed appreciably with time. However, chloride concentration in water from some wells that tap the Floridan aquifer system in the Brunswick area exceeds the drinking-water standard.\r\n\r\nGround-water-level and ground-water-quality data are essential for water assessment and management. Ground-water-level fluctuations and trends can be used to estimate changes in aquifer storage resulting from the effects of ground-water withdrawal and recharge from precipitation. These data can be used to address water-management needs and to evaluate the effects of management and conservation programs.\r\n\r\nAs part of the ground-water investigations conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the State of Georgia and city and county governments, a Statewide water-level- measurement program was started in 1938. Initially, this program consisted of an observation-well network in the coastal area of Georgia to monitor variations in ground- water storage and quality. Additional wells were later included in areas where data could be used to predict potential water-resource problems.\r\n\r\nDuring 1997, periodic water-level measurements were made in 67 wells, and continuous water-level measurements were obtained from 151 wells. Continuous water-level records were obtained using analog (pen and chart) recorders, digital recorders that record the water level at 30-minute or 60-minute intervals, and electronic data recorders that record the water level at 60-minute intervals. For wells having incomplete water-level record, water levels during periods of missing record may have been higher or lower than recorded water levels. Water samples collected from 23 wells during April and November 1997 were analyzed to determine chloride concentration in the Savannah and Brunswick areas.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;Branch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98172","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Cressler, A.M., 1998, Ground-water conditions in Georgia, 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-172, vii, 104 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98172.","productDescription":"vii, 104 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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Jr.","contributorId":64266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23072,"text":"ofr9833 - 1998 - Tectonic evolution of the Crater Flat basin, Yucca Mountain region, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:06","indexId":"ofr9833","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-33","title":"Tectonic evolution of the Crater Flat basin, Yucca Mountain region, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9833","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Fridrich, C.J., 1998, Tectonic evolution of the Crater Flat basin, Yucca Mountain region, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-33, 43 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9833.","productDescription":"43 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155554,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0033/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52441,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0033/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa06f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fridrich, C. J.","contributorId":15652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fridrich","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22845,"text":"ofr9868 - 1998 - Ground-water hydrology and simulation of ground-water flow at Operable Unit 3 and surrounding region, U.S. Naval Air Station, Jacksonville, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:57","indexId":"ofr9868","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-68","title":"Ground-water hydrology and simulation of ground-water flow at Operable Unit 3 and surrounding region, U.S. Naval Air Station, Jacksonville, Florida","docAbstract":"The Naval Air Station, Jacksonville (herein referred to as the Station), occupies 3,800 acres adjacent to the St. Johns River in Duval County, Florida. Operable Unit 3 (OU3) occupies 134 acres on the eastern side of the Station and has been used for industrial and commercial purposes since World War II. Ground water contaminated by chlorinated organic compounds has been detected in the surficial aquifer at OU3. The U.S. Navy and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted a cooperative hydrologic study to evaluate the potential for ground water discharge to the neighboring St. Johns River. A ground-water flow model, previously developed for the area, was recalibrated for use in this study. \rAt the Station, the surficial aquifer is exposed at land surface and forms the uppermost permeable unit. The aquifer ranges in thickness from 30 to 100 feet and consists of unconsolidated silty sands interbedded with local beds of clay. The low-permeability clays of the Hawthorn Group form the base of the aquifer. \rThe USGS previously conducted a ground-water investigation at the Station that included the development and calibration of a 1-layer regional ground-water flow model. For this investigation, the regional model was recalibrated using additional data collected after the original calibration. The recalibrated model was then used to establish the boundaries for a smaller subregional model roughly centered on OU3. \rWithin the subregional model, the surficial aquifer is composed of distinct upper and intermediate layers. The upper layer extends from land surface to a depth of approximately 15 feet below sea level; the intermediate layer extends from the upper layer down to the top of the Hawthorn Group. In the northern and central parts of OU3, the upper and intermediate layers are separated by a low-permeability clay layer. Horizontal hydraulic conductivities in the upper layer, determined from aquifer tests, range from 0.19 to 3.8 feet per day. The horizontal hydraulic conductivity in the intermediate layer, determined from one aquifer test, is 20 feet per day. \rAn extensive stormwater drainage system is present at OU3 and the surrounding area. Some of the stormwater drains have been documented to be draining ground water from the upper layer of the surficial aquifer, whereas other drains are only suspected to be draining ground water. \rThe subregional model contained 78 rows and 148 columns of square model cells that were 100 feet on each side. Vertically, the surficial aquifer was divided into two layers; layer 1 represented the upper layer and layer 2 represented the intermediate layer. Steady-state ground-water flow conditions were assumed. The model was calibrated to head data collected on October 29 and 30, 1996. After calibration, the model matched all 67 measured heads to within the calibration criterion of 1 foot; and 48 of 67 simulated heads (72 percent) were within 0.5 foot. \rModel simulated recharge rates ranged from 0.4 inch per year in areas that were largely paved to 13.0 inches per year in irrigated areas. Simulated hydraulic conductivities in the upper layer at OU3 ranged from 0.5 foot per day in the north to 1.0 foot per day in the south. Simulated vertical leakance between the upper and intermediate layers ranged from 1.0x10-6 per day in an area with low-permeability clays to 4.3x10-2 per day in an area that had been dredged. Simulated transmissivities in the intermediate layer ranged from 25 feet squared per day in an area of low-permeability channel-fill deposits to a high of 1,200 feet squared per day in areas covering most of OU3. Simulated riverbed conductances ranged from 4 to 60 feet squared per day and simulated bottom conductances of leaking stormwater drains ranged from 5 to 20 feet squared per day. \rThe direction and velocity of ground-water flow was determined using particle-tracking techniques. Ground-water flow in the upper layer was generally eastward toward the St. Johns River. However, leaking stormwat","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr9868","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Davis, J., 1998, Ground-water hydrology and simulation of ground-water flow at Operable Unit 3 and surrounding region, U.S. Naval Air Station, Jacksonville, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-68, vi, 36 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9868.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1308,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr98-068/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":155220,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668c2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, J.H.","contributorId":68770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":67529,"text":"i2565 - 1998 - Geologic map of the Collegiate Peaks Wilderness Area and the Grizzly Peak Caldera, Sawatch Range, central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:25","indexId":"i2565","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2565","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Geologic map of the Collegiate Peaks Wilderness Area and the Grizzly Peak Caldera, Sawatch Range, central Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2565","isbn":"0607885521","usgsCitation":"Fridrich, C.J., Witt, D., Bryant, B., Richard, S., and Smith, R., 1998, Geologic map of the Collegiate Peaks Wilderness Area and the Grizzly Peak Caldera, Sawatch Range, central Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2565, 1 map :col. ;82 x 109 cm., on sheet 107 x 138 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. +1 pamphlet (29 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/i2565.","productDescription":"1 map :col. ;82 x 109 cm., on sheet 107 x 138 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. +1 pamphlet (29 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108326,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13051.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"13051"},{"id":101432,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2565/plate-1.pdf","size":"19320","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":188093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2565/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":91693,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2565/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"50000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.83333333333333,38.65 ], [ -106.83333333333333,39.166666666666664 ], [ -106.20083333333334,39.166666666666664 ], [ -106.20083333333334,38.65 ], [ -106.83333333333333,38.65 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b08e4b07f02db69b933","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fridrich, C. J.","contributorId":15652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fridrich","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Witt, De","contributorId":9121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witt","given":"De","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bryant, Bruce bbryant@usgs.gov","contributorId":1355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryant","given":"Bruce","email":"bbryant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richard, S.M.","contributorId":20376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richard","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, R.P.","contributorId":105283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":24292,"text":"ofr98121B - 1998 - Digital bedrock geologic map of the Rutland Quadrangle, Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:01","indexId":"ofr98121B","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-121","chapter":"B","title":"Digital bedrock geologic map of the Rutland Quadrangle, Vermont","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr98121B","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Ratcliffe, N.M., 1998, Digital bedrock geologic map of the Rutland Quadrangle, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-121, 2 computer disks :col. ;3 1/2 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98121B.","productDescription":"2 computer disks :col. ;3 1/2 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155047,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b461f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratcliffe, N. M.","contributorId":80691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"N.","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26385,"text":"wri974229 - 1998 - Shallow ground-water quality of selected land-use/aquifer settings in the South Platte River basin, Colorado and Nebraska, 1993-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-08T20:20:39.472209","indexId":"wri974229","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4229","title":"Shallow ground-water quality of selected land-use/aquifer settings in the South Platte River basin, Colorado and Nebraska, 1993-95","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974229","usgsCitation":"Bruce, B.W., and McMahon, P., 1998, Shallow ground-water quality of selected land-use/aquifer settings in the South Platte River basin, Colorado and Nebraska, 1993-95: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4229, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974229.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":55174,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4229/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":395648,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48835.htm"},{"id":158060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4229/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"South Platte River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.9333,\n 39.3167\n ],\n [\n -100.9167,\n 39.3167\n ],\n [\n -100.9167,\n 41.1889\n ],\n [\n -105.9333,\n 41.1889\n ],\n [\n -105.9333,\n 39.3167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f415f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruce, B. W.","contributorId":19577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruce","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMahon, P.B. 0000-0001-7452-2379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":10762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"P.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}