Alluvial strata of the Cretaceous Dakota Formation of southern Utah are part of a transgressive systems tract associated with a foreland basin developed adjacent to the Sevier orogenic belt. These strata contain valley fill deposits, anastomosed channel systems and widespread coals. The coals constitute a relatively minor part of the Dakota Formation in terms of sediment volume, but may represent a substantial amount of the time represented by the formation. The coals are separated by clastic units up to 20 m thick.
The stratigraphically lowest clastic unit of the Dakota Formation lies above an unconformity cut into Jurassic rocks. Incised valleys associated with the unconformity are up to 12 m deep. Two discrete episodes of valley fill sedimentation are recognized, including a lower sandstone unit with conglomerate layers, and an upper, discontinuous, coal-bearing unit. After the valleys filled, the area became one of low relief where extensive mires formed. Peat accumulation was interrupted at least three times by deposition of clastic sediment derived from the west.
The clastic units consist of sandstone, mudstone or heterolithic ribbon bodies, stacked tabular sandstones, and laminated mudstones, and contain minor coal beds less than 0·35 m thick. Ribbon bodies are 1–9 m thick and 15–160 m wide, have pronounced basal scours, and are filled with both lateral and vertical accretion deposits. An anastomosed channel complex is suggested by the large number of coeval channels of varying dimensions, the variation in the structure and grain size of channel fills, and the presence of abundant tabular sandstones interpreted as crevasse splays. Although some sandstone bodies have well developed lateral accretion surfaces, the overall ribbon geometry indicates that mature meandering streams were not well developed. This is in contrast to modern anastomosed systems, which are commonly thought to be a transitional morphology caused by avulsion of a meander belt to a new position on its floodplain. Rather than being a transitional channel pattern related to river avulsion, the anastomosed channels of the Dakota Formation may have formed part of a large inland delta that episodically invaded widespread mires. The mires developed during periods when clastic influx was reduced either by high rates of subsidence close to the thrust belt or by deflection of rivers by emergent thrusts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-3091.1992.tb02138.x","issn":"00370746","usgsCitation":"Kirschbaum, M., and McCabe, P., 1992, Controls on the accumulation of coal and on the development of anastomosed fluvial systems in the Cretaceous Dakota Formation of southern Utah: Sedimentology, v. 39, no. 4, p. 581-598, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1992.tb02138.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"581","endPage":"598","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225130,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"southern Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.67664651654788,\n 37.84164146988323\n ],\n [\n -112.67664651654788,\n 37.00456026130664\n ],\n [\n -111.44358687219949,\n 37.00456026130664\n ],\n [\n -111.44358687219949,\n 37.84164146988323\n ],\n [\n -112.67664651654788,\n 37.84164146988323\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fbd4e4b0c8380cd4dfbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirschbaum, M.A.","contributorId":79471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirschbaum","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCabe, P.J.","contributorId":57608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016806,"text":"70016806 - 1992 - Dolomitization of Quaternary reef limestones, Aitutaki, Cook Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-25T14:55:22.525839","indexId":"70016806","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3369,"text":"Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dolomitization of Quaternary reef limestones, Aitutaki, Cook Islands","docAbstract":"Six holes were drilled to depths of 30–69 m in the shallow lagoon of Aitutaki in the southern Cook Islands. One hole encountered pervasively dolomitized reef limestones at 36 m subbottom depth, which extended to the base of the drilled section at 69·3 m. This hole was drilled near the inner edge of the present barrier reef flat on the flank of a seismically defined subsurface ridge. Both the morphology and biofacies indicate that this ridge may represent an outer reef crest. Mineralogy, porosity and cementation change in concert downhole through three zones. Zone 1, 0–9 m, is composed of primary skeletal aragonite and calcite with minor void-filling aragonite and magnesian calcite cement of marine phreatic origin. Zone 2, 9–36 m, is composed of replacement calcite and calcite cement infilling intergranular, intragranular, mouldic and vuggy porosity. Stable isotopes (mean δ18O=—5·4‰ PDB for carbonate; δD =—50‰ SMOW for fluid inclusions) support the petrographic evidence indicating that sparry calcite cements formed in predominantly freshwater. Carbon isotope values of —4·0 to —11·0‰ for calcite indicate that organic matter and seawater were the sources of carbon. Zone 3, 36–69·3 m, is composed of replacement dolostone, consisting of protodolomite with, on average, 7 mol% excess CaCO3 and broad and weak ordering X-ray reflections at 2·41 and 2·54 A. The fine-scale replacement of skeletal grains and freshwater void-filling cements by dolomite did not significantly reduce porosity. Stable isotopes (mean δ18O=+2·6‰0 PDB for dolomite; maximum δD =—27‰ SMOW for fluid inclusions) and chemical composition indicate that the dolomite probably formed from seawater, although formation in the lower part of a mixed freshwater-seawater zone, with up to 40% freshwater contribution, cannot be completely ruled out. The carbon (δ13C=2·7‰) and magnesium were derived from seawater.
Low-temperature hydrothermal iron hydroxides and associated transition metals occur in void space in several narrow stratigraphic intervals in the limestone section that was replaced by dolomite. The entire section of dolomite is also enriched in these transition metals. The metals dispersed throughout the dolostone section were introduced at the time of dolomitization by a different and later episode of hydrothermal circulation than the one(s) that produced the localized deposits near the base of the section.
The primary reef framework is considered to have been deposited during several highstands of sea level. Following partial to local recrystallization of the limestone, a single episode of dolomitization occurred. Both tidal and thermal pumping drove large quantities of seawater through the porous rocks and perhaps maintained a wide mixing zone. However, the isotopic, geochemical and petrographic data do not clearly indicate the extent of seawater mixing.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-3091.1992.tb02142.x","issn":"00370746","usgsCitation":"Hein, J., Gray, S., Richmond, B.M., and White, L.D., 1992, Dolomitization of Quaternary reef limestones, Aitutaki, Cook Islands: Sedimentology, v. 39, no. 4, p. 645-661, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1992.tb02142.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"645","endPage":"661","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224657,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Aitutaki, Cook Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -159.87136665599027,\n -18.765653396687753\n ],\n [\n -159.87136665599027,\n -19.007031209969057\n ],\n [\n -159.66538681523917,\n -19.007031209969057\n ],\n [\n -159.66538681523917,\n -18.765653396687753\n ],\n [\n -159.87136665599027,\n -18.765653396687753\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a039fe4b0c8380cd50592","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hein, James R. jhein@usgs.gov","contributorId":140283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"James R.","email":"jhein@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":374548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, S.C.","contributorId":16426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richmond, B. M.","contributorId":67902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, L. D.","contributorId":14330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70017080,"text":"70017080 - 1992 - Chronologic evidence for multiple periods of loess deposition during the Late Pleistocene in the Missouri and Mississippi River Valley, United States: Implications for the activity of the Laurentide ice sheet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-04T23:28:07.937883","indexId":"70017080","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chronologic evidence for multiple periods of loess deposition during the Late Pleistocene in the Missouri and Mississippi River Valley, United States: Implications for the activity of the Laurentide ice sheet","docAbstract":"The loess stratigraphy of the mid-continental U.S. is an important proxy record for the activity of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in North America. One of the most outstanding problems is deciphering the age of loess deposits in this area during the late Pleistocene. Radiocarbon dating of snails and thermoluminescence dating of the fine-silt fraction (4–11 μm) from loess at the Loveland Loess type section, Loveland, Iowa and a recent excavation at the Pleasant Grove School section. Madison County, Illinois provide new chronologic control on loess deposition in the Mississippi/Missouri River Valley chronology indicates that the Loveland Loess is Illinoian in age (135±20 ka) but is not correlative with the Teneriffe Silt which is dated to 77 ± 8 ka. Concordant radiocarbon and thermoluminescence age estimates demonstrate that the Roxana Silt and a correlative loess in Iowa, the Pisgah Formation, is probably 40-30 ka old. These age estimates in conjunction with previous results indicate that there were four periods of loess deposition during the last 150 ka at 25-12 ka, 45-30 ka, 85-70 ka and at ca. 135 ± 20 ka.
This chronology of loess deposition supports the presence of both a late Illinoian and early Wisconsinan loess and associated soils. Thus, there may be more than one soil in the loess stratigraphy of the mid-continental U.S. with morphologies similar to the Sangamon Soil. The last three periods of loess deposition may be correlative with periods of elevated dust concentrations recorded in the Dye 3 ice core from southern Greenland. This is particularly significant because both areas possibly had the same source for eolian particles. Reconstructions of atmospheric circulation for glacial periods show a southerly deflected jet stream that could have transported dust from the mid-continental USA to southern Greenland. Lastly, the inferred record of loess deposition is parallel to a chronology for deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet deciphered from chronologic and stratigraphic studies of raised glacial and marine sediments in the Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada. These chronologies indicate that the Laurentide Ice Sheet was quite dynamic during the late Pleistocene, advancing and retreating across North America at least four times during the last 150 ka.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(92)90184-7","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Forman, S., Bettis, E., Kemmis, T., and Miller, B., 1992, Chronologic evidence for multiple periods of loess deposition during the Late Pleistocene in the Missouri and Mississippi River Valley, United States: Implications for the activity of the Laurentide ice sheet: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 93, no. 1-2, p. 71-83, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(92)90184-7.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"83","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225151,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Missouri and Mississippi River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.2309693554616,\n 43.44198796395645\n ],\n [\n -91.9517701176503,\n 43.44198796395645\n ],\n [\n -90.94343047532716,\n 36.884252525509\n ],\n [\n -91.9517701176503,\n 30.510588832231633\n ],\n [\n -90.90804713803813,\n 30.265466346442025\n ],\n [\n -89.19809030425643,\n 37.1477186250719\n ],\n [\n -90.53151019297856,\n 40.07275820263603\n ],\n [\n -90.2309693554616,\n 43.44198796395645\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"93","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5f2e4b0c8380cd4c4e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forman, S.L.","contributorId":38597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forman","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bettis, E. Arthur III","contributorId":72822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettis","given":"E. Arthur","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kemmis, T.J.","contributorId":78881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemmis","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, B.B.","contributorId":48321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70017152,"text":"70017152 - 1992 - The international seismological observing period in Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-18T16:16:03.308355","indexId":"70017152","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The international seismological observing period in Africa","docAbstract":"The International Seismological Observing Period (ISOP) is a specific time interval designated for enhanced international cooperation in the collection and dissemination of observatory measurements from the global seismographic network. The primary purpose of the ISOP is to strengthen the international infrastructure that supports current seismological practice and increase the cooperation among nations that operate seismological observatories. Measurements, reported by the existing global network and compiled by agencies such as the International Seismological Centre (ISC), are providing new information about earthquakes and the structure of the Earth of fundamental importance to the Earth sciences. However, these data represent but a small fraction of the information contained in the seismograms.
One of the goals of the ISOP is to collect improved sets of data. In particular, the measurement and reporting of later-arriving phases, during a fixed ISOP period, from earthquakes selected for detailed observation by the cooperating stations will be encouraged. The use of advanced, digital instrumentation provides an unprecedented opportunity for enhancing the methods of seismogram interpretation and seismic parameter extraction, by the implementation of digital processing methods at seismic observatories worldwide. It must be ensured that this new information will be available to the entire seismological community. It is believed that this purpose is best served with an ISOP that promotes increased on-site processing at digital stations in Africa and elsewhere.
Improvements in seismology require truly international cooperation and the educational aspects of seismological practice form one of the goals of the ISOP. Thus, workshops will be needed in Africa to train analysts in ISOP procedures and to introduce them to modern techniques and applications of the data. Participants will, thus, benefit from theoretical results and practical experience that are of direct relevance to their own work.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(92)90003-O","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Engdahl, E., and Bergman, E.A., 1992, The international seismological observing period in Africa: Tectonophysics, v. 209, no. 1-4, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(92)90003-O.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224824,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Africa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -21.269243513212928,\n 21.629023140964563\n ],\n [\n -15.167869817211624,\n 6.047652342902126\n ],\n [\n 10.19978649907489,\n -2.746334833670261\n ],\n [\n 12.225086253822965,\n -12.18857857450611\n ],\n [\n 10.662147318453663,\n -18.110505609129447\n ],\n [\n 17.474657478207064,\n -37.99971611404459\n ],\n [\n 37.57972189587048,\n -30.197970837465895\n ],\n [\n 42.53654002921123,\n -5.439224473771755\n ],\n [\n 53.69111795626192,\n 12.170534253418275\n ],\n [\n 45.74780754825497,\n 13.327288082003067\n ],\n [\n 41.231419751679404,\n 19.60071725418828\n ],\n [\n 31.931245619434065,\n 33.98142444696498\n ],\n [\n 10.455721685400356,\n 37.32533638278354\n ],\n [\n -5.658780383818609,\n 37.013820722847385\n ],\n [\n -21.269243513212928,\n 21.629023140964563\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"209","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad57e4b08c986b323b57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engdahl, E.R.","contributorId":22906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engdahl","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergman, Eric A. 0000-0002-7069-8286","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7069-8286","contributorId":84513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergman","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70017070,"text":"70017070 - 1992 - Charnockites and granites of the western Adirondacks, New York, USA: A differentiated A-type suite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-26T16:05:20.625574","indexId":"70017070","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Charnockites and granites of the western Adirondacks, New York, USA: A differentiated A-type suite","docAbstract":"Granitic rocks in the west-central Adirondack Highlands of New York State include both relatively homogeneous charnockitic and hornblende granitic gneisses (CG), that occur in thick stratiform bodies and elliptical domes, and heterogeneous leucogneisses (LG), that commonly are interlayered with metasedimentary rocks. Major- and trace-element geochemical analyses were obtained for 115 samples, including both types of granitoids. Data for CG fail to show the presence of more than one distinct group based on composition. Most of the variance within the CG sample population is consistent with magmatic differentiation combined with incomplete separation of early crystals of alkali feldspar, plagioclase, and pyroxenes or amphibole from the residual liquid. Ti, Fe, Mg, Ca, P, Sr, Ba, and Zr decrease with increasing silica, while Rb and K increase. Within CG, the distinction between charnockitic (orthopyroxene-bearing) and granitic gneisses is correlated with bulk chemistry. The charnockites are consistently more mafic than the hornblende granitic gneisses, although forming a continuum with them. The leucogneisses, while generally more felsic than the charnockites and granitic gneisses, are otherwise geochemically similar to them. The data are consistent with the LG suite being an evolved extrusive equivalent of the intrusive CG suite.
Both CG and LG suites are metaluminous to mildly peraluminous and display an A-type geochemical signature, enriched in Fe, K, Ce, Y, Nb, Zr, and Ga and depleted in Ca, Mg, and Sr relative to I- and S-type granites. Rare earth element patterns show moderate LREE enrichment and a negative Eu anomaly throughout the suite. The geochemical data suggest an origin by partial melting of biotite- and plagioclase-rich crustal rocks. Emplacement occurred in an anorogenic or post-collisional tectonic setting, probably at relatively shallow depths. Deformation and granulite-facies metamorphism with some partial melting followed during the Ottawan phase of the Grenville Orogeny, yielding the present migmatitic granitic and charnockitic gneisses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0301-9268(92)90092-3","issn":"03019268","usgsCitation":"Whitney, P., 1992, Charnockites and granites of the western Adirondacks, New York, USA: A differentiated A-type suite: Precambrian Research, v. 57, no. 1-2, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(92)90092-3.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224960,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"western Adirondacks","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.3444346849542,\n 44.25450535926828\n ],\n [\n -76.68150298069823,\n 43.11492967543458\n ],\n [\n -73.30922757499911,\n 43.11492967543458\n ],\n [\n -73.32301858873224,\n 44.99911340708431\n ],\n [\n -74.94383593925178,\n 45.01402411441677\n ],\n [\n -76.3444346849542,\n 44.25450535926828\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"57","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f505e4b0c8380cd4c051","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitney, P.R.","contributorId":46671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitney","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70017221,"text":"70017221 - 1992 - The nature of Archean terrane boundaries: An example from the northern Wyoming Province","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-26T15:49:41.505183","indexId":"70017221","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The nature of Archean terrane boundaries: An example from the northern Wyoming Province","docAbstract":"The Archean northern Wyoming Province can be subdivided into two geologically distinct terranes, the Beartooth-Bighorn magmatic terrane (BBMT) and the Montana metasedimentary terrane (MMT). The BBMT is characterized by voluminous Late Archean (2.90-2.74 Ga) magmatic rocks (primarily tonalite, trondhjemite, and granite); metasedimentary rocks are preserved only as small, rare enclaves in this magmatic terrane. The magmatic rocks typically have geochemical and isotopic signatures that suggest petrogenesis in a continental magmatic arc environment. The MMT, as exposed in the northern Gallatin and Madison Ranges, is dominated by Middle Archean trondhjemitic gneisses (3.2-3.0 Ga); metasedimentary rocks, however, are significantly more abundant than in the BBMT. Each terrane has experienced a separate and distinct geologic history since at least 3.6 Ga ago based on differences in metamorphic and structural styles, composition of magmatic and metasupracrustal rocks, and isotopic ages; consequently, these may be described as discrete terranes in the Cordilleran sense. Nonetheless, highly radiogenic and distinctive Pb-Pb isotopic signatures in rocks of all ages in both terranes indicate that the two terranes share a significant aspect of their history. This suggests that these two Early to Middle Archean crustal blocks, that initially evolved as part of a larger crustal province, experienced different geologic histories from at least 3.6 Ga until their juxtaposition in the Late Archean (between 2.75 to 2.55 Ga ago). Consequently, the boundary between the BBMT and MMT appears to separate terranes that are not likely to be exotic in the sense of their Phanerozoic counterparts. Other Archean provinces do appear to contain crustal blocks with different isotopic signatures (e.g. West Greenland, India, South Africa). The use of the term exotic, therefore, must be cautious in situations where geographic indicators such as paleontologic and/or paleomagnetic data are not available. In these cases, isotopic signatures are one of the most useful features for assessing overall genetic relations amongst geologically distinct terranes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0301-9268(92)90020-O","issn":"03019268","usgsCitation":"Mogk, D., Mueller, P., and Wooden, J.L., 1992, The nature of Archean terrane boundaries: An example from the northern Wyoming Province: Precambrian Research, v. 55, no. 1-4, p. 155-168, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(92)90020-O.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"168","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225209,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.55529310473639,\n 46.02443624860163\n ],\n [\n -113.55529310473639,\n 42.71679616981024\n ],\n [\n -108.80938447644624,\n 42.71679616981024\n ],\n [\n -108.80938447644624,\n 46.02443624860163\n ],\n [\n -113.55529310473639,\n 46.02443624860163\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae02e4b08c986b323eb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mogk, D.W.","contributorId":61575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mogk","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mueller, P.A.","contributorId":86117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70017272,"text":"70017272 - 1992 - Beach-ridge development and lake-level variation in southern Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-22T16:12:44.670388","indexId":"70017272","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beach-ridge development and lake-level variation in southern Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"The most accurate source of information on lake-level fluctuations in the Great Lakes is the historical record from lake-level gauges. Although it can be semiquantitatively extended back into the late 1700's, the historical record is too short to recognize long-term patterns of lake-level behavior. To extend the historical record, information must be obtained from the Great Lakes geologic record. Such information includes the elevation and age of geomorphic features and stratigraphic sequences.
One of the longest geologic records of late Holocene lake-level variation is preserved in a beach-ridge complex along the southern shore of Lake Michigan called the Toleston Beach. This strandplain contains over 150 beach ridges that arc across northwestern Indiana and fan out into northeastern Illinois. Each ridge was formed during the fall from a high lake level, and the elevation of the foreshore deposits in each ridge provides information on the upper physical limit of lake level over the past 4000 years. Three scales of quasi-periodic lake-level variation were determined by radiocarbon-dating basal peats of wetlands between the ridges and by measuring the elevation of foreshore (swash) deposits within ridges. These three scales are: (1) a short-term and small-scale fluctuation of 25 to 35 years with a range of about 0.5 to 0.6 m; (2) an intermediate-term and meso-scale fluctuation of 140 to 160 years and a range of about 0.8 to 0.9 m; and (3) a long-term and large-scale fluctuation of 500 to 600 years and a range of 1.8 to 3.7 m. The short-term and intermediate-term fluctuations are reflected in the historical record.
An increase in the rate of shoreline progradation from east to west across Indiana's shoreline causes differential preservation of the lake-level fluctuations. That is, groups of four to six ridges in the western part of the strandplain that formed in response to the small-scale fluctuations combine eastward into single ridges and groups of ridges representing the meso-scale fluctuations. The large-scale fluctuations produced the most dramatic response in the western part of the Toleston Beach. Here, following each high stand, individual spits prograded southward off of a bedrock headland. The successive spit extensions created several small lakes landward of the spits and started the 20 km eastward stream-mouth deflection of the Grand Calumet River across Indiana's western lakeshore.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(92)90048-V","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Thompson, T., 1992, Beach-ridge development and lake-level variation in southern Lake Michigan: Sedimentary Geology, v. 80, no. 3-4, p. 305-318, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(92)90048-V.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"305","endPage":"318","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224539,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana","otherGeospatial":"southern Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.7770599367265,\n 41.975677013046834\n ],\n [\n -87.7770599367265,\n 41.56719135170678\n ],\n [\n -86.98171551883281,\n 41.56719135170678\n ],\n [\n -86.98171551883281,\n 41.975677013046834\n ],\n [\n -87.7770599367265,\n 41.975677013046834\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f032e4b0c8380cd4a646","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, T.A.","contributorId":73226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7000004,"text":"7000004 - 1992 - Deserts: Geology and resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-31T13:28:16.294289","indexId":"7000004","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":363,"text":"General Interest Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Deserts: Geology and resources","docAbstract":"Approximately one-third of the Earth's land surface is desert, arid land with meager rainfall that supports only sparse vegetation and a limited population of people and animals. Deserts stark, sometimes mysterious worlds have been portrayed as fascinating environments of adventure and exploration from narratives such as that of Lawrence of Arabia to movies such as \"Dune.\" These arid regions are called deserts because they are dry. They may be hot, they may be cold. They may be regions of sand or vast areas of rocks and gravel peppered with occasional plants. But deserts are always dry. Deserts are natural laboratories in which to study the interactions of wind and sometimes water on the arid surfaces of planets. They contain valuable mineral deposits that were formed in the arid environment or that were exposed by erosion. Because deserts are dry, they are ideal places for human artifacts and fossils to be preserved. Deserts are also fragile environments. The misuse of these lands is a serious and growing problem in parts of our world.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/7000004","usgsCitation":"Walker, A.S., 1992, Deserts: Geology and resources: General Interest Publication, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/7000004.","productDescription":"60 p.","numberOfPages":"64","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":261208,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/7000004/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":261207,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/7000004/report.pdf"},{"id":18579,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/deserts/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db667ee5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, Alta S.","contributorId":83885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Alta","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171564,"text":"70171564 - 1992 - Recovery of benthic-invertebrate communities in the White River near Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, following implementation of advanced treatment of municipal wastewater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-03T16:49:08","indexId":"70171564","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":883,"text":"Archiv fur Hydrobiologie","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recovery of benthic-invertebrate communities in the White River near Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, following implementation of advanced treatment of municipal wastewater","docAbstract":"The City of Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, completed construction of advanced-wastewater-treatment systems to enlarge and upgrade existing secondary-treatment processes at the City’s two municipal wastewater-treatment plants in 1983. These plants discharge their effluent to the White River. A study was begun in 1981 to evaluate the effects of municipal wastewater on the quality of the White River near Indianapolis. As part of this study, benthic-invertebrate samples were collected from one riffle upstream and two riffles downstream from the treatment plants annually from 1981 through 1987 (2 times before and 5 times after the plant improvements became operational). Samples were collected during periods of late-summer or early-fall low streamflow with a Surber sampler. Upstream from the wastewater-treatment plants, mayflies and caddisflies were the predominant organisms in the benthic-invertebrate community (from 32 to 93 percent of all organisms; median value is 67 percent) with other insects and mollusks also present. Before implementation of advanced wastewater-treatment, the benthic-invertebrate community downstream from the wastewater treatment plants was predominantly chironomids and oligochaetes (more than 98 percent of all organisms)-organisms that generally are tolerant of organic wastes. Few intolerant species, such as mayflies or caddisflies were found. Following implementation of advanced wastewater treatment, mayflies and caddisflies became numerically dominant in samples collected downstream from the plants. By 1986, these organisms accounted for more than 90 percent of all organisms found at the two downstream sites. The diversity of benthic invertebrates found in these samples resembled that at the upstream site. The improvement in the quality of municipal wastewater effluent resulted in significant improvements in the water quality of the White River downstream from Indianapolis. These changes in river quality, in turn, have resulted in a shift from mostly pollution-tolerant to mostly pollution-intolerant organisms in the benthic-invertebrate community of the White River downstream from Indianapolis. The recovery was not immediate, however, with one of the downstream sites requiring 3 years before pollution-intolerant organisms became numerically dominant.
","publisher":"Schweizerbart","usgsCitation":"Crawford, C.G., and Wangsness, D.J., 1992, Recovery of benthic-invertebrate communities in the White River near Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, following implementation of advanced treatment of municipal wastewater: Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, v. 126, no. 1, p. 67-84.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"84","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":322157,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Indianapolis","otherGeospatial":"Upper White River Basin","volume":"126","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5752aa35e4b053f0edd13e98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crawford, Charles G. 0000-0003-1653-7841 cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-7841","contributorId":1064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Charles","email":"cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wangsness, David J.","contributorId":81475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wangsness","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70208319,"text":"70208319 - 1992 - Ecology of band-tailed pigeons in Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-06T14:11:36","indexId":"70208319","displayToPublicDate":"1992-12-31T08:28:54","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1022,"text":"Biological Report - US Fish & Wildlife Service","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecology of band-tailed pigeons in Oregon","docAbstract":"The ecology of band-tailed pigeons (Columba fasciata) was investigated in western Oregon to assess the roles of survival and recruitment to population status and the relation of food, minerals, and diet to reproduction strategy. Band-tailed pigeons congregated at mineral deposits to consume minerals from mid-June to mid-September. Males generally arrived and departed between daylight and 1000 h and females between 0930 and 1200 h, the inverse of the nest attentive schedules for the sexes. The pigeons used one or several adjacent mineral sites throughout the summer and most returned to the same mineral site in subsequent years. Band-tailed pigeons were resident from April through September; migration apparently did not begin before late September. Three indirect sources of evidence indicated that fledging began in June, reached a peak in mid- August, and continued until late September. Second year (SY) band-tailed pigeons apparently began nesting later than and were about one-third as productive as adults. In Oregon, most of the adult population could fledge as many as two young over the 100-110-day nesting period, resulting in a maximum potential recruitment of 47-50% juveniles. We estimated that the fall population contained about 23% juveniles, 12% yearlings, and 65% adults. Mean annual survival of adults was 63.7%, but was year-specific. To maintain a stable population with the estimated survival rates required production near the biotic potential (40.8%). Conversely, a stable population could be attained with the estimated rate of recruitment (23%) and high but realistic rates of survival (adults, 83%; juveniles, 68%). Counts of band-tailed pigeons at mineral sites in Oregon indicated that the population had undergone two periods of modest increase (2.4-7.1% per year) and two periods of sharp decline (10.4-11.1% per year). In 1988 the population index was only 34% of the 1950-88 average. Harvest of band-tailed pigeons in the three Pacific Coast states averaged 414,000 from 1957 to 1983; about 55% of the harvest took place in California, 23% in Washington, and 22% in Oregon. In Oregon, about 65% of the harvest took place in the first 10 days of September and 40% was at mineral sites. Fewer juveniles were shot at mineral sites (13%) than at feeding areas (25%). Hunting at mineral sites was directed at experienced breeders and may be particularly detrimental to the population. However, the overall effect of hunting on abundance was not determined. Band-tailed pigeons fed extensively on elder (Sambucus spp.) and cascara buckthorn (Rhamnus purshiana) berries while nesting. The emergence of Pacific red elder (S. callicarpa) berries in June provided the food resources necessary for initiation of reproduction in Oregon, and probably throughout the Northwest. Elder berries contain little calcium (0.06-0.12%), therefore, the pigeons in the Northwest may require a mineral supplement in their diet. Mineral sites may be the scarcest resource required for reproduction by band-tailed pigeons in the Northwest.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","usgsCitation":"Jarvis, R.L., and Passmore, M., 1992, Ecology of band-tailed pigeons in Oregon: Biological Report - US Fish & Wildlife Service, v. 6, 38 p. .","productDescription":"38 p. 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\"}}]}","volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarvis, R. L.","contributorId":31697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarvis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Passmore, M.F.","contributorId":39492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passmore","given":"M.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70195049,"text":"70195049 - 1992 - Rare earth, major, and trace element composition of Monterey and DSDP chert and associated host sediment: Assessing the influence of chemical fractionation during diagenesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T09:44:07","indexId":"70195049","displayToPublicDate":"1992-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rare earth, major, and trace element composition of Monterey and DSDP chert and associated host sediment: Assessing the influence of chemical fractionation during diagenesis","docAbstract":"Chert and associated host sediments from Monterey Formation and Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) sequences were analyzed in order to assess chemical behavior during diagenesis of biogenic sediments. The primary compositional contrast between chert and host sediment is a greater absolute SiO2 concentration in chert, often with final SiO2 ≥ 98 wt%. This contrast in SiO2 (and
The SiO2 concentration contrast seems caused by biogenic SiO2 dissolution and transport from the local adjacent host sediment and subsequent SiO2reprecipitation in the chert. Along with SiO2, other elements are often added (with respect to Al) to Monterey and DSDP chert during silicification, although absolute concentrations decrease. The two Monterey quartz chert nodules investigated, in contrast to the opal-CT and quartz chert lenses, formed primarily by extreme removal of carbonate and phosphate, thereby increasing relative SiO2 concentrations. DSDP chert formed by both carbonate/phosphate dissolution and SiO2 addition from the host. Manganese is fractionated during chert formation, resulting in
REE data indicate only subtle diagenetic fractionation across the rare earth series.
Water surged from Puget Sound sometime between 1000 and 1100 years ago, overrunning tidal marshes and mantling them with centimeters of sand. One overrun site is 10 kilometers northwest of downtown Seattle; another is on Whidbey Island, some 30 kilometers farther north. Neither site has been widely mantled with sand at any other time in the past 2000 years. Deposition of the sand coincided—to the year or less—with abrupt, probably tectonic subsidence at the Seattle site and with landsliding into nearby Lake Washington. These findings show that a tsunami was generated in Puget Sound, and they tend to confirm that a large shallow earthquake occurred in the Seattle area about 1000 years ago.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.258.5088.1614","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Atwater, B., and Moore, A., 1992, A tsunami about 1000 years ago in Puget Sound, Washington: Science, v. 258, no. 5088, p. 1614-1617, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.258.5088.1614.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1614","endPage":"1617","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":495739,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1231020","text":"External Repository"},{"id":224901,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.65886846523934,\n 49.00731757648293\n ],\n [\n -123.65886846523934,\n 47.1048310775121\n ],\n [\n -122.15457987611427,\n 47.1048310775121\n ],\n [\n -122.15457987611427,\n 49.00731757648293\n ],\n [\n -123.65886846523934,\n 49.00731757648293\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"258","issue":"5088","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e607e4b0c8380cd470f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atwater, Brian F. atwater@usgs.gov","contributorId":149872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwater","given":"Brian F.","email":"atwater@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":374745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, A.L.","contributorId":70931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70127584,"text":"70127584 - 1992 - Descriptive risk assessment of the effects of acidic deposition on Rocky Mountain amphibians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-30T12:43:16","indexId":"70127584","displayToPublicDate":"1992-12-01T12:41:36","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Descriptive risk assessment of the effects of acidic deposition on Rocky Mountain amphibians","docAbstract":"We evaluated the risk of habitat acidification to the six species of amphibians that occur in the mountains of Colorado and Wyoming. Our evaluation included extrinsic environmental factors (habitat sensitivity and amount of acidic atmospheric deposition) and species-specific intrinsic factors (sensitivity to acid conditions, habitat preferences, and timing of breeding). Only one of 57 surveyed localities had both acid neutralizing capacity <200 μeq/L and sulfate deposition >10 kg/ha/yr, extrinsic conditions with a possible risk of acidification. Amphibian breeding habitats in the Rocky Mountains do not appear to be sufficiently acidic to kill amphibian embryos. Some species breed in high-elevation vernal pools during snowmelt, and an acidic pulse during snowmelt may pose a risk to embryos of these species. However, the acidic pulse, if present, probably occurs before open water appears and before breeding begins. Although inherent variability of amphibian population size may make detection of declines from anthropogenic effects difficult, acidic deposition is unlikely to have caused the observed declines of Bufo boreas and Rana pipiens in Colorado and Wyoming. Amphibians in the Rocky Mountains are not likely to be at risk with acidification inputs at present levels.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Herpetology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","publisherLocation":"Athens, OH","doi":"10.2307/1565112","usgsCitation":"Corn, P., and Vertucci, F.A., 1992, Descriptive risk assessment of the effects of acidic deposition on Rocky Mountain amphibians: Journal of Herpetology, v. 26, no. 4, p. 361-369, https://doi.org/10.2307/1565112.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"369","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":294648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294647,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1565112"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bc62ae4b0abfb4c809781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Corn, Paul Stephen 0000-0002-4106-6335","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6335","contributorId":107379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corn","given":"Paul Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vertucci, Frank A.","contributorId":57388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vertucci","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003133,"text":"1003133 - 1992 - Evaluating fishery rehabilitation under uncertainty: A bioeconomic analysis of quota management for the Green Bay yellow perch fishery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-28T16:35:38.383158","indexId":"1003133","displayToPublicDate":"1992-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating fishery rehabilitation under uncertainty: A bioeconomic analysis of quota management for the Green Bay yellow perch fishery","docAbstract":"The fishery for yellow perch Perca flavescens in Green Bay, Lake Michigan, is currently operating under a rehabilitation plan based on a commercial harvest quota. We developed a bioeconomic computer model that included links between population density and growth, recruitment, and fishing effort for this fishery. Random variability was included in the stock–recruitment relation and in a simulated population assessment. We used the model in an adaptive management framework to evaluate the effects of the rehabilitation plan on both commercial and sport fisheries and to search for ways to improve the plan. Results indicate that the current quota policy is a member of a set of policies that would meet most management goals and increase total value of the fishery. Sensitivity analyses indicate that this conclusion is robust over a wide range of biological conditions. We predict that commercial fishers will lose money relative to the baseline condition, but they may receive other benefits from the elimination of the common‐property nature of the fishery. The prospect exists for managing variability in harvest and stock size and for maximizing economic returns in the fishery, but more information is required, primarily on sportfishing effort dynamics and angler preferences. Stock‐recruitment relations, density dependence of growth, and dynamics of sportfishing effort are the primary sources of uncertainty limiting the precision of our predictions. The current quota policy is about as good as other policies at reducing this uncertainty and appears, overall, to be one of the best choices for this fishery. The analytical techniques used in this study were primarily simple, heuristic approaches that could be easily transferred to other studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(1992)012<0703:EFRUUA>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Johnson, B., Milliman, S., Bishop, R., and Kitchell, J., 1992, Evaluating fishery rehabilitation under uncertainty: A bioeconomic analysis of quota management for the Green Bay yellow perch fishery: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 12, no. 4, p. 703-720, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1992)012<0703:EFRUUA>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"703","endPage":"720","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134350,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Green Bay","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.03861528382518,\n 44.5806619990727\n ],\n [\n -88.03861528382518,\n 44.52036667216541\n ],\n [\n -87.93610890800826,\n 44.52036667216541\n ],\n [\n -87.93610890800826,\n 44.5806619990727\n ],\n [\n -88.03861528382518,\n 44.5806619990727\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fb08a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Barry L.","contributorId":95009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Barry L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milliman, S.R.","contributorId":100809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milliman","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bishop, R.C.","contributorId":79439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kitchell, J.F.","contributorId":33259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitchell","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70017117,"text":"70017117 - 1992 - A sharp and flat section of the core-mantle boundary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-28T15:38:55.164111","indexId":"70017117","displayToPublicDate":"1992-10-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A sharp and flat section of the core-mantle boundary","docAbstract":"The transition zone between the Earth's core and mantle plays an important role as a boundary layer for mantle and core convection1. This zone conducts a large amount of heat from the core to the mantle, and contains at least one thermal boundary layer2,3; the proximity of reactive silicates and molten iron leads to the possibility of zones of intermediate composition4. Here we investigate one region of the core–mantle boundary using seismic waves that are converted from shear to compressional waves by reflection at the boundary. The use of this phase (known as ScP), the large number of receiving stations, and the large aperture of our array all provide higher resolution than has previously been possible5–7. For the 350-km-long section of the core–mantle boundary under the northeast Pacific sampled by the reflections, the local boundary topography has an amplitude of less than 500 m, no sharp radial gradients exist in the 400 km above the boundary, and the mantle-to-core transition occurs over less than 1 km. The simplicity of the structure near and above the core–mantle boundary argues against chemical heterogeneity at the base of the mantle in this location.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/359627a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Vidale, J., and Benz, H., 1992, A sharp and flat section of the core-mantle boundary: Nature, v. 359, no. 6396, p. 627-629, https://doi.org/10.1038/359627a0.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"627","endPage":"629","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225006,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"359","issue":"6396","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e587e4b0c8380cd46dcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vidale, J.E.","contributorId":55849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vidale","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benz, H.M.","contributorId":21594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185464,"text":"70185464 - 1992 - A geochemical transport model for redox-controlled movement of mineral fronts in groundwater flow systems: A case of nitrate removal by oxidation of pyrite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-01T09:43:24","indexId":"70185464","displayToPublicDate":"1992-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A geochemical transport model for redox-controlled movement of mineral fronts in groundwater flow systems: A case of nitrate removal by oxidation of pyrite","docAbstract":"A one-dimensional prototype geochemical transport model was developed in order to handle simultaneous precipitation-dissolution and oxidation-reduction reactions governed by chemical equilibria. Total aqueous component concentrations are the primary dependent variables, and a sequential iterative approach is used for the calculation. The model was verified by analytical and numerical comparisons and is able to simulate sharp mineral fronts. At a site in Denmark, denitrification has been observed by oxidation of pyrite. Simulation of nitrate movement at this site showed a redox front movement rate of 0.58 m yr−1, which agreed with calculations of others. It appears that the sequential iterative approach is the most practical for extension to multidimensional simulation and for handling large numbers of components and reactions. However, slow convergence may limit the size of redox systems that can be handled.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/92WR01264","usgsCitation":"Engesgaard, P., and Kipp, K.L., 1992, A geochemical transport model for redox-controlled movement of mineral fronts in groundwater flow systems: A case of nitrate removal by oxidation of pyrite: Water Resources Research, v. 28, no. 10, p. 2829-2843, https://doi.org/10.1029/92WR01264.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"2829","endPage":"2843","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d5fe4b0236b68f98f54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engesgaard, Peter","contributorId":49044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engesgaard","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kipp, Kenneth L. klkipp@usgs.gov","contributorId":1633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kipp","given":"Kenneth","email":"klkipp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":685643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199718,"text":"70199718 - 1992 - Selenium and other elements in freshwater fishes from the irrigated San Joaquin valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-26T10:44:46","indexId":"70199718","displayToPublicDate":"1992-09-11T10:44:11","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selenium and other elements in freshwater fishes from the irrigated San Joaquin valley, California","docAbstract":"Arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), and selenium (Se) were measured in composite whole-body samples of five fishes — bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and Sacramento blackfish (Orthodon microlepidotus) — from the San Joaquin River system to determine if concentrations were elevated from exposure to agricultural subsurface (tile) drainage. Except for Cr, the concentrations of these elements in fishes from one or more sites were elevated; however, only Se approached concentrations that may adversely affect survival, growth, or reproduction in warm water fishes. Moreover, only Se among the four measured elements exhibited a geographic (spatial) pattern that coincided with known inflows of tile drainage to the San Joaquin River and its tributaries. Historical data from the Grassland Water District (Grasslands; a region exposed to concentrated tile drainage) suggested that concentrations of Se in fishes were at maximum during or shortly after 1984 and have been slightly lower since then. The recent decline of Se concentrations in fishes from the Grasslands could be temporary if additional acreages of irrigated lands in this portion of the San Joaquin Valley must be tile-drained to protect agricultural crops from rising groundwater tables
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0048-9697(92)90487-D","usgsCitation":"Saiki, M.K., Jennings, M.R., and May, T.W., 1992, Selenium and other elements in freshwater fishes from the irrigated San Joaquin valley, California: Science of the Total Environment, v. 126, no. 1-2, p. 109-137, https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(92)90487-D.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"137","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357750,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley","volume":"126","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c111fdbe4b034bf6a81b5d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saiki, Michael K.","contributorId":54671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiki","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jennings, Mark R.","contributorId":31345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":746318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70126937,"text":"70126937 - 1992 - Determining the minimum instream flow for hydro peaking projects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T15:06:20","indexId":"70126937","displayToPublicDate":"1992-09-01T10:22:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5143,"text":"Hydro Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining the minimum instream flow for hydro peaking projects","docAbstract":"A new analytical technique is available for quantifying and predicting the effect that a proposed hydro peaking operation, or a change in an existing project's operation, will have on physical habitat for aquatic populations downstream of the project. The technique, known as the dual flow analysis, is based on elements of the US Fish and Wildlife Service's Physical Habitat Simulation System (PHABSIM). PHABSIM is used to calculate the physical habitat for aquatic organisms in a stream. The assumption behind the development of this technique is that if the effects of a proposed project on physical habitat are known, one can better understand the effects on aquatic organisms. Thus, a defensible selection of an instream flow requirement can be made. The technique was developed as a result of a joint study by the US Fish and Wildlife Service and Niagara Mohawk Power Corp. at the 26.4-MW Bennetts Bridge and the 7.8-MW Lighthouse Hill developments on the Salmon river in upstate New York.","language":"English","publisher":"Hydro Consultants","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA","usgsCitation":"Milhous, R.T., 1992, Determining the minimum instream flow for hydro peaking projects: Hydro Review, v. 11, no. 6, p. 67-74.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"74","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":294481,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54252eaae4b0e641df8a6f5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milhous, Robert T.","contributorId":28646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milhous","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70243227,"text":"70243227 - 1992 - On the inference of absolute stress levels from seismic radiation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-04T13:51:23.781478","indexId":"70243227","displayToPublicDate":"1992-09-01T08:45:37","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the inference of absolute stress levels from seismic radiation","docAbstract":"This paper determines the conditions under which it is possible to learn the absolute stress level at a subset of points on a fault from observation of the fault kinematics. Specifically, the points on a rupturing fault can be divided into two groups, those points at which the rake rotates during the rupture process, and those points at which the rake does not rotate. If it is true that sliding frictional traction is collinear with the instantaneous velocity of one side of a fault, then at the former group of points (having rotating rakes) there is a unique absolute stress consistent with the motion, while at the latter group of points (having rakes that do not rotate) the absolute stress is unspecified by the motion. Published dislocation solutions for the 1979 Imperial Valley, 1986 North Palm Springs, 1987 Whittier Narrows, and 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquakes are examined for evidence of temporal rotations of rake at the hypocenters and largest asperities. The 1986 North Palm Springs earthquake shows evidence of a possible rake rotation at the hypocenter. This may imply a low absolute stress level.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(92)90053-9","usgsCitation":"Spudich, P.K., 1992, On the inference of absolute stress levels from seismic radiation: Tectonophysics, v. 211, no. 1-4, p. 99-106, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(92)90053-9.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"106","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416713,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"211","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spudich, P. K. P.","contributorId":304761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spudich","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"K. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70201391,"text":"70201391 - 1992 - The geology and distribution of impact craters on Venus: What are they telling us?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-12T11:52:59","indexId":"70201391","displayToPublicDate":"1992-08-25T11:52:35","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The geology and distribution of impact craters on Venus: What are they telling us?","docAbstract":"Magellan has revealed an ensemble of impact craters on Venus that is unique in many important ways. We have compiled a data base describing the 842 craters on 89% of Venus' surface mapped through orbit 2578. (The craters range in diameter from 1.5 to 280 km.) We have studied the distribution, size‐density, morphology, geology, and associated surface properties of these craters both in the aggregate and, for some craters, in greater detail. We find that (1) the spatial distribution of craters is highly uniform; (2) the size‐density distribution of large craters (diameters ≥35 km) is similar to the young crater populations on other terrestrial planets but at a much lower density that indicates an average age of only about 0.5 Ga (based on the estimated population of Venus‐crossing asteroids); (3) unlike the case on other planets, the density of small craters (diameters ≤35 km) declines rapidly with decreasing diameters because of atmospheric filtering; (4) the spectrum of crater modification differs greatly from that on other planets: 62% of all craters are pristine, only 4% are embayed by lavas, and the remainder are affected by tectonism, but none are severely and progressively depleted (as extrapolated from the size‐density distribution of larger craters); (5) large craters have a progression of morphologies generally similar to those on other planets, but small craters are typically irregular or multiple rather than bowl shaped; (6) diffuse radar‐bright or ‐dark features surround some craters, and 367 similar diffuse “splotches” with no central crater are observed; and (7) other crater features unique to Venus include radar‐bright or ‐dark parabolic arcs opening westward and extensive outflows originating in crater ejecta. The first three of these observations are entirely unexpected. We interpret them as indicating that the planet's cratering record was erased by a global resurfacing event or events, the latest ending about 0.5 Ga, after which volcanic activity declined (but did not cease entirely). Since the last resurfacing event, a maximum of 10% of the planet has been resurfaced and only about 4% of the craters have been obliterated. Convective thermal evolution models support this interpretation (Arkani‐Hamed and Toksoz, 1984). Observations 3–7 confirm quantitatively the expectation that the dense atmosphere of Venus has strongly affected the production of craters. Large impactors have been relatively unaffected, intermediate‐sized ones have been fragmented and have produced overlapping or multiple craters, a narrow size range has produced shock‐induced “splotches” but no craters, and the smallest bodies have had no observable effect on the surface. The number of craters eliminated by the “atmospheric filter” is enormous, about 98% of the craters between 2 and 35 km in diameter that Magellan might have observed on a hypothetical airless Venus. Unique crater‐related features such as parabolas and outflow deposits demonstrate the roles of Venus' high atmospheric density and temperature in modifying the crater formation process. Finally, heavily fractured craters and lava‐embayed craters are found to have higher than average densities along the major fracture belts and rifted uplands connecting Aphrodite Terra and Atla, Beta, Themis, and Phoebe regiones. These craters thus provide physical evidence for recent volcanic and tectonic activity at a low level.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/92JE01246","usgsCitation":"Schaber, G.G., Strom, R., Moore, H., Soderblom, L.A., Kirk, R.L., Chadwick, D., Dawson, D., Gaddis, L., Boyce, J.M., and Russell, J.F., 1992, The geology and distribution of impact craters on Venus: What are they telling us?: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 97, no. E8, p. 13257-13301, https://doi.org/10.1029/92JE01246.","productDescription":"45 p.","startPage":"13257","endPage":"13301","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360207,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Venus","volume":"97","issue":"E8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c122c5be4b034bf6a856a31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaber, G. G.","contributorId":68300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaber","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Strom, R.G.","contributorId":45744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, H. J.","contributorId":71962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"H. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Soderblom, Laurence A. 0000-0002-0917-853X lsoderblom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":2721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"Laurence","email":"lsoderblom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chadwick, D.J.","contributorId":211390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chadwick","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dawson, D.D.","contributorId":31180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gaddis, Lisa R. 0000-0001-9953-5483","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-5483","contributorId":93178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaddis","given":"Lisa R.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Boyce, J. M.","contributorId":85952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Russell, Joel F.","contributorId":80331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70017166,"text":"70017166 - 1992 - An earthquake mechanism based on rapid sealing of faults","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-28T15:47:32.194071","indexId":"70017166","displayToPublicDate":"1992-08-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An earthquake mechanism based on rapid sealing of faults","docAbstract":"Recent seismological, heat flow and stress measurements in active fault zones such as the San Andreas have led to the suggestion1,2 that such zones can be relatively weak. One explanation for this may be the presence of overpressured fluids along the fault3–5, which would reduce the shear stress required for sliding by partially 'floating' the rock. Although several mechanisms have been proposed for overpressurizing fault fluids3,4,6,7, we recall that 'pressure seals' are known to form in both sedimentary8 and igneous9 rocks by the redistribution of materials in solution; the formation of such a seal along the boundaries of a fault will prevent the communication of fluids between the porous, deforming fault zone and the surrounding country rock. Compaction of fault gouge, under hydrostatic loading and/or during shear, elevates pore pressure in the sealed fault and allows sliding at low shear stress. We report the results of laboratory sliding experiments on granite, which demonstrate that the sliding resistance of faults can be significantly decreased by sealing and compaction. The weakening that results from shear-induced compaction can be rapid, and may provide an instability mechanism for earthquakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/358574a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Blanpied, M., Lockner, D., and Byerlee, J., 1992, An earthquake mechanism based on rapid sealing of faults: Nature, v. 358, no. 6387, p. 574-576, https://doi.org/10.1038/358574a0.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"574","endPage":"576","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225055,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"358","issue":"6387","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea24e4b0c8380cd48678","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanpied, M.L.","contributorId":61961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanpied","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockner, D.A. 0000-0001-8630-6833","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":85603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byerlee, J.D.","contributorId":69982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byerlee","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70204732,"text":"70204732 - 1992 - Alternate reproductive strategies in the California gull","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-12T12:45:46","indexId":"70204732","displayToPublicDate":"1992-08-12T12:40:34","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1603,"text":"Evolutionary Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alternate reproductive strategies in the California gull","docAbstract":"We analysed 6 years of reproduction data for 176 California gulls (Larus californicus) surviving from 1980 to 1988. Using a statistical model adapted from Rao's (1958) and Tucker's (1966) generalized growth curve analysis, we reconstructed the reproductive patterns of gulls aged from 0 to 26 years. Individuals were highly consistent in following one of two patterns of reproduction. In a primary pattern employed by most gulls, individuals skipped breeding less frequently and laid larger clutches as they aged. Clutch size increased to a plateau and remained at high levels throughout remaining life. In an alternate pattern employed by a smaller subset of the sample, clutch size also increased to a plateau. However, as a result of frequent skipping of breeding and smaller clutches, this plateau was considerably lower compared to that of gulls adopting the primary reproductive pattern. Data on fledging success from 1980 and 1984 were consistent with the finding of two reproductive patterns. Gulls adopting the alternate reproductive pattern produce fewer offspring per breeding attempt but survive longer than gulls adopting the primary pattern. The frequency of gulls employing the alternate pattern will increase with age relative to gulls employing the primary pattern. The alternate pattern, and not senescence, may explain why several cross-sectional studies on seabirds report declines among the oldest breeders in measures of clutch size, egg mass, hatching success, and fledging success.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02270965","usgsCitation":"Pugesek, B.H., and Wood, P., 1992, Alternate reproductive strategies in the California gull: Evolutionary Ecology, v. 6, no. 4, p. 279-295, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02270965.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"295","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366483,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Bamforth Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.75576782226562,\n 41.374232293915426\n ],\n [\n -105.72486877441406,\n 41.374232293915426\n ],\n [\n -105.72486877441406,\n 41.401020532631264\n ],\n [\n -105.75576782226562,\n 41.401020532631264\n ],\n [\n -105.75576782226562,\n 41.374232293915426\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pugesek, Bruce H.","contributorId":22668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pugesek","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, P.","contributorId":37857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70138207,"text":"70138207 - 1992 - Seismic constraints on the nature of lower crustal reflectors beneath the extending Southern Transition Zone of the Colorado Plateau, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-15T13:03:16","indexId":"70138207","displayToPublicDate":"1992-08-10T13:15:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic constraints on the nature of lower crustal reflectors beneath the extending Southern Transition Zone of the Colorado Plateau, Arizona","docAbstract":"We determine the reflection polarity and exploit variations in P and S wave reflectivity and P wave amplitude versus offset (AVO) to constrain the origin of lower crustal reflectivity observed on new three-component seismic data recorded across the structural transition of the Colorado Plateau. The near vertical incidence reflection data were collected by Stanford University in 1989 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Pacific to Arizona Crustal Experiment that traversed the Arizona Transition Zone of the Colorado Plateau. The results of independent waveform modeling methods are consistent with much of the lower crustal reflectivity resulting from thin, high-impedance layers. The reflection polarity of the cleanest lower crustal events is positive, which implies that these reflections result from high-velocity contrasts, and the waveform character indicates that the reflectors are probably layers less than or approximately equal to 200 m thick. The lower crustal events are generally less reflective to incident S waves than to P waves, which agrees with the predicted behavior of high-velocity mafic layering. Analysis of the P wave AVO character of lower crustal reflections demonstrates that the events maintain a constant amplitude with offset, which is most consistent with a mafic-layering model. One exception is a high-amplitude (10 dB above background) event near the base of lower crustal reflectivity which abruptly decreases in amplitude at increasing offsets. The event has a pronounced S wave response, which along with its negative AVO trend is a possible indication of the presence of fluids in the lower crust. The Arizona Transition Zone is an active but weakly extended province, which causes us to discard models of lower crustal layering resulting from shearing because of the high degree of strain required to create such layers. Instead, we favor horizontal basaltic intrusions as the primary origin of high-impedance reflectors based on (1) The fact that most xenoliths in eruptive basalts of the Transition Zone are of mafic igneous composition, (2) indications that a pulse of magmatic activity crossed the Transition Zone in the late Tertiary period, and (3) the high regional heat flow observed in the Transition Zone. The apparent presence of fluids near the base of the reflective zone may indicate a partially molten intrusion. We present a mechanism by which magma can be trapped and be induced to intrude horizontally at rheologic contrasts in extending crust.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.1029/92JB00947","usgsCitation":"Parsons, T.E., Howie, J.M., and Thompson, G.A., 1992, Seismic constraints on the nature of lower crustal reflectors beneath the extending Southern Transition Zone of the Colorado Plateau, Arizona: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 97, no. B9, p. 12391-12407, https://doi.org/10.1029/92JB00947.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"12391","endPage":"12407","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":297299,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297298,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/92JB00947/abstract"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateau","volume":"97","issue":"B9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c4ee4b08de9379b371a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsons, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0582-4338 tparsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-4338","contributorId":2314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Thomas","email":"tparsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howie, John M.","contributorId":138754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howie","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, George A.","contributorId":94288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70017153,"text":"70017153 - 1992 - Post-rifting stress relaxation at the divergent plate boundary in northeast Iceland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-28T15:54:28.38817","indexId":"70017153","displayToPublicDate":"1992-08-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-rifting stress relaxation at the divergent plate boundary in northeast Iceland","docAbstract":"Interaction of the elastic lithosphere with the underlying anelastic asthenosphere causes strain to propagate along the Earth's surface in a diffusion-like manner following tectonism at plate boundaries. This process transfers stress between adjacent tectonic segments and influences the temporal tectonic pattern along a plate boundary. Observations of such strain transients have been rare, and have hitherto been confined to strike-slip and underthrusting plate boundaries1. Here we report the observation of a strain transient at the divergent (spreading) plate boundary in Iceland. A Global Positioning System survey undertaken a decade after an episode of dyke intrusion accompanying several metres of crustal spreading reveals a spatially varying strain field with the expected diffusion-pulse shape and an amplitude three times greater than the 5.7 cm that would be expected from the average spreading rate2. A simple one-dimensional model with a thin elastic layer overlying a viscous layer fits the data well and yields a stress diffusivity of 1.1 á±0.3 m2s−1. Combined with struc-tural information from magnetotelluric measurements, this implies a viscosity of 0.3−2 × 1019 Pa s—a value comparable to that derived for Iceland from post-glacial rebound23, but low compared with estimates for mantle viscosity obtained elsewhere3.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/358488a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Foulger, G., Jahn, C., Seeber, G., Einarsson, P., Julian, B., and Heki, K., 1992, Post-rifting stress relaxation at the divergent plate boundary in northeast Iceland: Nature, v. 358, no. 6386, p. 488-490, https://doi.org/10.1038/358488a0.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"488","endPage":"490","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":490159,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1604097","text":"External Repository"},{"id":224870,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Iceland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -17.577177248035213,\n 66.5361267635312\n ],\n [\n -17.577177248035213,\n 65.49050590935727\n ],\n [\n -14.061791332678666,\n 65.49050590935727\n ],\n [\n -14.061791332678666,\n 66.5361267635312\n ],\n [\n -17.577177248035213,\n 66.5361267635312\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"358","issue":"6386","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e6fe4b0c8380cd7a53e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foulger, G.R.","contributorId":14439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foulger","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jahn, C.-H.","contributorId":91995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jahn","given":"C.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seeber, G.","contributorId":61573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seeber","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Einarsson, P.","contributorId":96018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Einarsson","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Julian, B.R.","contributorId":101272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julian","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Heki, K.","contributorId":96838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heki","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":5222938,"text":"5222938 - 1992 - Interactive effects of selenium, methionine, and dietary protein on survival, growth, and physiology in mallard ducklings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-05T17:37:48.847249","indexId":"5222938","displayToPublicDate":"1992-08-01T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactive effects of selenium, methionine, and dietary protein on survival, growth, and physiology in mallard ducklings","docAbstract":"Concentrations of over 100 ppm (100 mg/kg) selenium (Se) have been found in aquatic food chains associated with irrigation drainwater. Both quantity and composition of dietary protein for wild ducklings may vary in selenium-contaminated environments. Day-old mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducklings received one of the following diets containing 22% protein: unsupplemented (controls), 15 ppm Se (as selenomethionine), 60 ppm Se, methionine supplemented, 15 ppm Se with methionine supplement, or 60 ppm Se with methionine supplement. In a second concurrent experiment the above sequence was repeated with a protein-restricted (11%) but isocaloric diet. In a third concurrent experiment all ducklings received 44% protein with 0, 15, or 60 ppm Se added. After 4 weeks, blood and tissue samples were collected for biochemical and histological examination. With 22% protein and 60 ppm Se in the diet, duckling survival and growth was reduced and histopathological lesions of the liver occurred. Antagonistic interactive effects occurred between supplementary methionine and Se, including complete to partial alleviation of the following Se effects by methionine: mortality, hepatic lesions, and altered glutathione and thiol status. With 11% protein, growth of controls was less than that with 22% protein, Se (60 ppm) caused 100% mortality, and methionine supplementation, although protective afforded less protection than it did with 22% protein. With 44% protein, ducklings experienced physiological stress, and Se was more toxic than with methionine-supplemented 22% protein. These findings suggest the potential for antagonistic effects of Se, methionine, and protein on duckling survival and physiology.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00212270","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., Sanderson, C.J., LeCaptain, L.J., Cromartie, E., and Pendleton, G.W., 1992, Interactive effects of selenium, methionine, and dietary protein on survival, growth, and physiology in mallard ducklings: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 23, no. 2, p. 163-171, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00212270.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"171","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196331,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688497","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, David J.","contributorId":86075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":337500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanderson, C. J.","contributorId":16531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanderson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LeCaptain, L. J.","contributorId":91056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeCaptain","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cromartie, Eugene","contributorId":66672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cromartie","given":"Eugene","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pendleton, Grey W.","contributorId":191446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Grey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":337503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}