{"pageNumber":"349","pageRowStart":"8700","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10959,"records":[{"id":27101,"text":"wri834164 - 1984 - Water-quality and chemical loads of the Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, April 1980 to March 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-23T19:57:45.66881","indexId":"wri834164","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4164","title":"Water-quality and chemical loads of the Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, April 1980 to March 1981","docAbstract":"Water samples were analyzed for 42 chemical constituents to determine the water quality of the Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania from April 1, 1980, to March 31, 1981. The investigation was part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Chesapeake Bay Program's Fall Line Monitoring Project to provide information on the Susquehanna River's freshwater input to the Chesapeake Bay. \r\n\r\nStreamflow and sediment discharge at Harrisburg during the study were 77 and 72 percent, respectively, of the average annual discharges. Precipitation was 16 percent lower than normal. Streamflow for February 1981 was 140 percent higher than the average monthly flow and transported 61 percent of the total annual sediment discharge. \r\n\r\nApproximately 2,300,000 tons of suspended sediment and 2,990,000 tons of dissolved solids were transported during the study. About 76 percent of the 42,000-ton nitrogen load was dissolved. Nearly 84 percent of the 2,930-ton phosphorus load and 95 percent of the 111,000-ton iron, aluminum and manganese loads were associated with suspended sediment. \r\n\r\nThe herbicides atrazine and 2,4-Dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were the only pesticides measured in significant concentrations during the study period. Concentrations of 2,4-D varies throughout the year, and atrazine varied mostly during the spring and summer. Seasonal variations for other constituent concentrations and loads were directly related to streamflow. \r\n\r\nThe concentrations of many constituents varies with distance along the sampling cross-section. Maximum concentrations of suspended sediment differed between the east and west channels and fluctuated from one channel to the other. Specific conductance, dissolved nutrients, and dissolved major ions were consistently higher along the east and west banks. Dissolved nitrate concentrations were significantly higher in the vertical section closest to the west bank of the river. \r\n\r\nDiel variations of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance recorded for the period 1974 through 1978 were greatest during the months of June, July, August, and September. However, no trends in the amount of daily variation were determined for the five years of data. Regular diel variation patterns were observed for water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH for all streamflow conditions except peak flow and ice melt conditions. Specific conductance showed no regular diel variation, and was inversely related to streamflow. All four constituents were greatly influenced for short durations by melting ice.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri834164","usgsCitation":"Fishel, D.K., 1984, Water-quality and chemical loads of the Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, April 1980 to March 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4164, vii, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834164.","productDescription":"vii, 90 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":55965,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4164/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":409604,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35816.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4164/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","city":"Harrisburg","otherGeospatial":"Susquehanna River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.01609734800176,\n              40.37109573401304\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.01609734800176,\n              40.13768753069422\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.74337760794909,\n              40.13768753069422\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.74337760794909,\n              40.37109573401304\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.01609734800176,\n              40.37109573401304\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e8e4b07f02db5e8f5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fishel, David K.","contributorId":34967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishel","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25126,"text":"cir930B - 1984 - International strategic minerals inventory summary report; chromium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T10:20:12","indexId":"cir930B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"930","chapter":"B","title":"International strategic minerals inventory summary report; chromium","docAbstract":"Major world resources of chromium, a strategic mineral commodity, are described in this summary report of information in the International Strategic Minerals Inventory {ISMI}. ISMI is a cooperative data-collection effort of earth-science and mineral-resource agencies in Australia, Canada, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of South Africa, and the United States of America. This report, designed to be of benefit to policy analysts, contains two parts. Part I presents an overview of the resources and potential supply of chromium on the basis of inventory information. Part II contains tables of some of the geologic information and mineral-resource and production data that were collected by ISMI participants.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir930B","usgsCitation":"DeYoung, J., Lee, M.P., and Lipin, B., 1984, International strategic minerals inventory summary report; chromium: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 930, v. :ill. ;26 cm.; 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir930B.","productDescription":"v. :ill. ;26 cm.; 41 p.","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54106,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0930b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122560,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0930b/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e0829","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeYoung, J.H. Jr.","contributorId":86367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeYoung","given":"J.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, M. P.","contributorId":40198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lipin, B. R.","contributorId":61031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipin","given":"B. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":38561,"text":"pp1295 - 1984 - Glastonbury Gneiss and mantling rocks (a modified Oliverian dome) in south-central Massachusetts and north-central Connecticut: Geochemistry, petrogenesis, and isotopic age","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":49319,"text":"ofr77544 - 1977 - Seismic refraction time-distance curves, Carolina, Hope Valley, and Kingston quadrangles, Rhode Island","indexId":"ofr77544","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Seismic refraction time-distance curves, Carolina, Hope Valley, and Kingston quadrangles, Rhode Island"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38561,"text":"pp1295 - 1984 - Glastonbury Gneiss and mantling rocks (a modified Oliverian dome) in south-central Massachusetts and north-central Connecticut: Geochemistry, petrogenesis, and isotopic age","indexId":"pp1295","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Glastonbury Gneiss and mantling rocks (a modified Oliverian dome) in south-central Massachusetts and north-central Connecticut: Geochemistry, petrogenesis, and isotopic age"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T20:09:55.708609","indexId":"pp1295","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1295","title":"Glastonbury Gneiss and mantling rocks (a modified Oliverian dome) in south-central Massachusetts and north-central Connecticut: Geochemistry, petrogenesis, and isotopic age","docAbstract":"The Glastonbury dome is a long, narrow structure trending approximately 70 km north-northeast through Connecticut and Massachusetts along the west side of the Bronson Hill anticlinorium. Structurally and stratigraphically the dome is analogous to the Oliverian domes of New Hampshire. It is cored by Glastonbury Gneiss and is mantled by Ammonoosuc Volcanics and Partridge Formation (or their equivalents) of Ordovician age. The Glastonbury Gneiss intrudes the Ammonoosuc and, thereby, establishes the relative age of the two units. Monson Gneiss, which unconformably underlies the Ammonoosuc Volcanics in the Monson anticline to the east, is not in contact with Glastonbury Gneiss except near Stafford Springs, Conn., where the contact may be gradational. In some places, Monson Gneiss shows evidence of plastic flow and potential anatexis. The northern part of the Glastonbury Gneiss typically is leucocratic, granoblastic, relatively potassium-poor gneiss that appears homogeneous in outcrop, but proves to be chemically and modally inhomogeneous over short distances, as shown by variation diagrams and REE plots. The gneiss straddles the compositional fields of trondhjemite, tonalite, and granodiorite, and partly overlaps that of Monson Gneiss. The southern part of the Glastonbury Gneiss is consistently more potassic than the northern, having compositions ranging from granite to granodiorite. All of the Glastonbury Gneiss show pervasive, strong foliation, deformation, and local shearing related to the Acadian orogeny. \r\n\r\nField relations, textures, and chemistry of the northern part of the Glastonbury suggest an origin by anatexis of the premetamorphic Monson sequence at temperatures of about 690 DC to 750 DC and pressures of <3kbars. The southern part of the Glastonbury appears to have been generated contemporaneously but not comagmatically from calcalkaline crust. U-Pb zircon ages for both the northern and southern bodies are slightly discordant with 207PbfosPb ages of 445 to 467 m.y. At first these results seem to contradict the known stratigraphic position of the Glastonbury relative to the Monson, which yields distinctly younger zircon 207PbfosPb ages of 428 to 440 m.y. However, this apparent discrepancy in the radiometric ages-younger Monson, older Glastonbury-could be resolved by postulating either (1) a small component of old inherited zircon in the Glastonbury or (2) preferential metamorphic overprinting of the zircon in the Monson. In any case, the isotopic age discrepancy is not so large as to render the proposed Monson anatectic model implausible. Rb-Sr whole-rock data show a large amount of scatter on an isochron diagram and hence do not permit a reliable estimate of age. This condition may reflect inhomogeneities in the initial 87S r /8SS r ratio or may have been also induced by later Acadian or Alleghanian metamorphism. \r\n\r\nAn early Silurian to Middle Ordovician age of the Glastonbury Gneiss gives evidence of higher heat flow and more extensive plutonism in the Taconic than has generally been recognized. With certain qualifications, the Glastonbury and associated volcanic rocks are compatible with recent plate-tectonic models involving the Bronson Hill anticlinorium.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1295","usgsCitation":"Leo, G.W., Zartman, R., and Brookins, D.G., 1984, Glastonbury Gneiss and mantling rocks (a modified Oliverian dome) in south-central Massachusetts and north-central Connecticut: Geochemistry, petrogenesis, and isotopic age (Supercedes OFR 77-544): U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1295, iv, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1295.","productDescription":"iv, 45 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":410878,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74531.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":65330,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1295/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1295/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut,  Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.25,\n              42.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.625,\n              42.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.625,\n              41.5772\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.25,\n              41.5772\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.25,\n              42.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Supercedes OFR 77-544","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abee4b07f02db674deb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leo, G. W.","contributorId":102899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leo","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zartman, R. E.","contributorId":15632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brookins, D. G.","contributorId":93963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brookins","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":8100,"text":"ofr84702 - 1984 - Compilation of selected hydrologic data from the MX missile-siting investigation, east-central Nevada and western Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T17:19:33","indexId":"ofr84702","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-702","title":"Compilation of selected hydrologic data from the MX missile-siting investigation, east-central Nevada and western Utah","docAbstract":"<p>Construction, water-level, and water-quality data for wells and site-description, discharge, and water-quality data for springs and streams in 37 hydrographic areas in Nevada and Utah are presented in this report. These data are grouped in tables, by area. Additional tables contain a summary of data and aquifer-test results for wells in valley-fill deposits at 42 sites in Nevada and Utah and for wells in carbonate rocks at five sites in Nevada. </p><p>The data in this report were gathered by Ertec Western, Inc., or their subcontractors, for the U.S. Department of the Air Force as part of the MX missile-siting project and were originally presented in a number of individual reports.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Carson City, NV","doi":"10.3133/ofr84702","usgsCitation":"Bunch, R.L., and Harrill, J.R., 1984, Compilation of selected hydrologic data from the MX missile-siting investigation, east-central Nevada and western Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-702, Report: v, 123 p.; Plate: 24.22 in. x 19.98 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84702.","productDescription":"Report: v, 123 p.; Plate: 24.22 in. x 19.98 in.","numberOfPages":"128","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":140663,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0702/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35699,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0702/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":35700,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0702/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada, Utah","publicComments":"A product of the Regional Aquifer-System Analysis of the Great Basin-Nevada, Utah, and adjacent states\n","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a993b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunch, Robin L.","contributorId":69840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunch","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrill, James R.","contributorId":99533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrill","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":7956,"text":"ofr84583 - 1984 - Peak flow, volume, and frequency of the January 1982 flood, Santa Cruz Mountains and vicinity, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7956,"text":"ofr84583 - 1984 - Peak flow, volume, and frequency of the January 1982 flood, Santa Cruz Mountains and vicinity, California","indexId":"ofr84583","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Peak flow, volume, and frequency of the January 1982 flood, Santa Cruz Mountains and vicinity, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38465,"text":"pp1434 - 1988 - Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California","indexId":"pp1434","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":38465,"text":"pp1434 - 1988 - Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California","indexId":"pp1434","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T21:26:17.783541","indexId":"ofr84583","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-583","title":"Peak flow, volume, and frequency of the January 1982 flood, Santa Cruz Mountains and vicinity, California","docAbstract":"The areal distribution of precipitation and flooding during the January 1982 storm in the Santa Cruz Mountains and vicinity was influenced by the orographic effect of the Santa Cruz Mountains. Precipitation depths ranged from 12.2 inches in 1 day on the west side to 1.33 inches on the east side. Unit peak discharge ranged from 626 cubic feet per second per square mile on the west side to 83 cubic feet per second per square mile on the east side. The median recurrence interval of peak flow on the west side is 22 years, whereas on the east side it is 6.8 years. Development of a relation between rainfall at Ben Lomond and runoff on the San Lorenzo River at Big Trees shows that the significant climatic factors that describe the flood hydrology of the basin are (1) precipitation for the 3 consecutive days including the day of peak flows and (2) precipitation for a 60-day duration prior to the peak. A study of historical floods and precipitation characterisitics in the San Lorenzo River basin suggests that major floods in the area are the product of (1) greater-than-normal antecedent precipitation for up to 60 days prior to the flood and (2) subsequent intense frontal-type storms immediately prior to the peak. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84583","usgsCitation":"Blodgett, J.C., and Poeschel, K., 1984, Peak flow, volume, and frequency of the January 1982 flood, Santa Cruz Mountains and vicinity, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-583, iv, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84583.","productDescription":"iv, 37 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379138,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0583/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0583/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Santa Cruz","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.7557373046875,\n              36.31291199724548\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.4376220703125,\n              36.31291199724548\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.4376220703125,\n              37.74465712069939\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.7557373046875,\n              37.74465712069939\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.7557373046875,\n              36.31291199724548\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6884ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blodgett, J. C.","contributorId":32154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poeschel, K.R.","contributorId":98715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poeschel","given":"K.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":6136,"text":"pp1318 - 1984 - Palynology of selected coal beds in the proposed Pennsylvanian System stratotype in West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:57","indexId":"pp1318","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1318","title":"Palynology of selected coal beds in the proposed Pennsylvanian System stratotype in West Virginia","docAbstract":"The usefulness of Pennsylvanian palynomorphs, spores, and pollen grains, as an aid in coal-correlation investigations in the Appalachians, has been known for many years. However, much of this and subsequent information was scattered in the literature or was not from the proposed stratotype area of West Virginia. Investigation of coals from sections of the proposed Pennsylvanian System stratotype provided the opportunity to examine changes in palynomorph content through a number of coals from the New River Formation to the basal part of the Monongahela Formation. \r\n\r\nThe rank of most coals of the Pocahontas and New River Formations of West Virginia does not permit extraction of palynomorphs with current laboratory maceration techniques. Because of this, the data of some possibly equivalent lower rank Pennsylvanian coals from adjacent parts of southern Ohio and eastern Kentucky have been included. The coals examined from the Kanawha Formation, Charleston Sandstone, and Monongahela Formations of West Virginia have yielded abundant and well-preserved palynomorphs. Attention has been focused on the Charleston Sandstone, which is a massive, complex unit lacking marine fossils and composed primarily of sandstone. The coal is a significant resource in Pennsylvanian rocks, and the correlation of coals is an important consideration in the area of the stratotype in West Virginia and in adjacent States. \r\n\r\nAs a result of this preliminary examination, the approximate range zones of some important taxa have been established. These range zones together with abundance data are used to correlate the coals. The range zones of some important taxa from Lower to Upper Pennsylvanian coals are: Densosporites irregularis Hacquebard and Barss, Stenozonotriletes lycosporoides (Butterworth and Williams) Smith and Butterworth, Schulzospora rara Kosanke, Laevigatosporites spp., Radiizonates spp., Torispora securis Balme, Zosterosporites triangularis Kosanke, Thymospora pseudothiessenii (Kosanke) Wilson and Venkatachala, Schopfites dimorphus Kosanke, and Thymospora thiessenii (Kosanke) Wilson and Venkatachala. Some of the range zones are relatively short and extremely useful for correlation studies. For example, in the Charleston Sandstone, T. pseudothiessenii (Kosanke) Wilson and Venkatachala is present in the Upper No.5 Block coal (upper bench) and the No.6 Block coal, whereas Schopfites dimorphus Kosanke is restricted to the No.6 Block coal. Thymospora thiessenii (Kosanke) Wilson and Venkatachala is not restricted to the Pittsburgh No.8 coal, but it is the only coal known in which this taxon is so dominant (more than 70 percent of the palynomorph assemblage). \r\n\r\nThis preliminary report has provided a framework for the correlation of a selected number of coals occurring in Ohio and eastern Kentucky with those of the proposed Pennsylvanian System stratotype of West Virginia. In other studies, additional samples from the stratotype would be examined for ultimate correlation with rocks of Pennsylvania and in adjacent States and elsewhere.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/pp1318","usgsCitation":"Kosanke, R.M., 1984, Palynology of selected coal beds in the proposed Pennsylvanian System stratotype in West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1318, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1318.","productDescription":"44 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1318/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":33205,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1318/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db68954b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kosanke, Robert M.","contributorId":29811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kosanke","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":7565,"text":"ofr84732 - 1984 - Synopsis of ground-water and surface-water resources of North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T11:21:23","indexId":"ofr84732","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-732","title":"Synopsis of ground-water and surface-water resources of North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>This report describes the surface- and ground-water resources of North Dakota and the limitations of our understanding of these resources. Ground water and surface water are actually one resource, because they are often hydraulically interconnected. They are discussed separately for convenience. In general, the surface-water resources of the mainstem of the Missouri river are abundant and suitable for most uses. Other rivers may be important locally as water-supply sources, but the quantities of flow are small, quite variable in time, and generally of an unsuitable quality for most uses. Streamflow characteristics of North Dakota reflect its arid to semiarid climate (annual precipitation varies from 13 to 20 inches from west to east across the State), cold winters (usually including a significant snowpack available for spring snowmelt runoff), and the seasonal distribution of annual precipitation (almost 50 percent falls from Nky to July).</p><p>Significant volumes of shallow ground water, of variable quality are found in the glacial-drift aquifers in parts of central, northern, and eastern North Dakota. Existing information provides only a limited capability to assess the long-term reliability of these scattered aquifers. There are significant indications, however, of water-quality problems related to sustained production of wells if long-term utilization of these aquifers is planned. A summary of the general suitability for use of surface water and ground water is given in Table E1.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84732","usgsCitation":"Winter, T.C., Benson, R., Engberg, R., Wiche, G., Emerson, D.G., Crosby, O., and Miller, J., 1984, Synopsis of ground-water and surface-water resources of North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-732, xi, 127 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84732.","productDescription":"xi, 127 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":140840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0732/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35023,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0732/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687da3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benson, R.D.","contributorId":23955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engberg, R. A.","contributorId":104876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engberg","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiche, G.J.","contributorId":90715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiche","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Emerson, D. G.","contributorId":39385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emerson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Crosby, O.A.","contributorId":61047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosby","given":"O.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":156147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Miller, J.E.","contributorId":63058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":58505,"text":"mf1466D - 1984 - Map showing geochemistry of stream sediments in the Jerry Peak Wilderness Study Area, Custer County, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T07:49:25","indexId":"mf1466D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1466","chapter":"D","title":"Map showing geochemistry of stream sediments in the Jerry Peak Wilderness Study Area, Custer County, Idaho","docAbstract":"The Jerry Peak Wilderness Study Area is about 25 mi south of Challis in Custer County, central Idaho (fig. 1). The study area contains 46,150 acres of land administered by the by the Bureau of Land Management and 1 sq mi owned by the State of Idaho, a total of 46,790 acres. Most of the study area is readily accessible by roads along tributaries of the East Fork Salmon River, especially Road Creek, Herd Creek, and Lake Creek. The southeastern part of the area can be reached from Road Creek by the road down Peck's Canyon and by roads from Thousand Springs Valley, southeast of the study area. Several access roads to past logging operations extend up Sage Creek and its tributaries in the southeast part of the study area. Access to points within the northern part of the area is facilitated by jeep trails that connect with Road Creek and lake Creek and by improved road that extends northward from Herd Lake. The study area is moderately rugged, with local relief approaching 2,000 ft. Jerry (10,010 ft), the highest point within the area, is a low knoll on a north-trending linear ridge (fig. 1). The ridge has not been glaciated, despite its relatively high altitude. Most of the area is thinly covered by grass and low shrubs; trees, for the most part, are restricted to valley bottoms or to local, small groves on hillslopes.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1466D","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Callahan, J.E., McIntyre, D.H., Cooley, E., and Cookro, T., 1984, Map showing geochemistry of stream sediments in the Jerry Peak Wilderness Study Area, Custer County, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1466, 1 Plate: 41.46 x 26.99 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1466D.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 41.46 x 26.99 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1466d.jpg"},{"id":284430,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1466-D/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"50000","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","county":"Custer County","otherGeospatial":"Jerry Peak","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.375,44.0 ], [ -114.375,44.25 ], [ -114.0,44.25 ], [ -114.0,44.0 ], [ -114.375,44.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd65c6e4b0b2908510051f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Callahan, James E.","contributorId":7273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callahan","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntyre, D. H.","contributorId":45726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooley, E.F.","contributorId":83072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooley","given":"E.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cookro, T. M.","contributorId":81495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cookro","given":"T. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":26759,"text":"wri844173 - 1984 - Assessment of selected ground-water-quality data in Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri844173","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4173","title":"Assessment of selected ground-water-quality data in Montana","docAbstract":"Ground-water-quality data for Montana in the U.S. Geological Survey 's computer data file WATSTORE were evaluated for nine geohydrologic units in part of the State east of the Rocky Mountains and for two geohydrologic units in the western mountainous part of the stated region. The availability of data for inorganic, trace, and organic constituents for each grouping of units was assessed. Median dissolved-solids concentrations for the groupings of units range from about 100 to 5,000 milligrams per liter. However, the number and distribution of data sites for some groupings of units wee inadequate to be representative of the aquifer as a whole. Concentrations of most trace constituents do not exceed Federal primary drinking-water standards, although exceptions occur. Few data were available for organic constituents. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844173","usgsCitation":"Davis, R.E., and Rogers, G., 1984, Assessment of selected ground-water-quality data in Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4173, x, 177 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844173.","productDescription":"x, 177 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4173/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55648,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4173/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55649,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4173/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a0cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, R. E.","contributorId":77153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, G.D.","contributorId":21586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":11641,"text":"ofr83948 - 1984 - Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":11641,"text":"ofr83948 - 1984 - Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States","indexId":"ofr83948","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2967,"text":"wsp2276 - 1986 - Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States","indexId":"wsp2276","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":2967,"text":"wsp2276 - 1986 - Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States","indexId":"wsp2276","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-26T20:35:22.176536","indexId":"ofr83948","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-948","title":"Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr83948","usgsCitation":"Wetzel, K.L., and Bettandorff, J., 1984, Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-948, Report: v, 95 p.; 2 Plates: 28.99 x 28.04 inches and 27.71 x 28.21 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr83948.","productDescription":"Report: v, 95 p.; 2 Plates: 28.99 x 28.04 inches and 27.71 x 28.21 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145105,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0948/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":382613,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0948/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":382615,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0948/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":382614,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0948/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685a4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wetzel, K. L.","contributorId":14418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetzel","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bettandorff, J.M.","contributorId":67499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettandorff","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":59341,"text":"mf1568B - 1984 - Aeromagnetic map of the Fossil Springs Roadless Area, Yavapai, Gila, and Coconino counties, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T10:25:00","indexId":"mf1568B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1568","chapter":"B","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Fossil Springs Roadless Area, Yavapai, Gila, and Coconino counties, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The aeromagnetic map of the Fossil Springs Roadless Area was compiled from data collected in 1980 by Airmag Surveys, Inc., for the U.S. Geological Survey. Total magnetic intensity measurements were made along east-west flight lines about 0.5 mi apart and flown at an average altitude of 1,000 ft above the ground surface. A regional magnetic field (the International Geomagnetic Reference Field, 1975, updated to months flown) was removed from the data and a constant of 50,800 gammas was added to the adjusted total field intensity values.</p>\n<p>The roadless area includes the upper part of Fossil Creek and its northeastern tributaries in Sandrock Canyon and Calf Pen Canyon. The extremely rugged canyon of Fossil Creek is in several places more than 1,500 ft deep. Elevation of the canyon floor ranges from 4,600 ft near the mouth of Calf Pen Canyon to 3,500 ft at the southwest end of the area. Peaks and ridges on the uplands bordering the canyons range in elevation from 5,300 ft west of Fossil Springs to 6,900 ft in the northeastern part of the area. Maximum topographic relief along these uplands is less than 200 ft.</p>\n<p>The Fossil Springs Roadless Area is underlain by more than 3,000 ft of Paleozoic rocks consisting mostly of sandstone, shale, dolomite, and limestone. West of Fossil Springs and along most of the border of the area, these rocks are generally overlain by late Tertiary volcanic rocks, mainly basaltic lavas and pyroclastic deposits. Quaternary alluvial, colluvial, landslide, and travertine deposits overlie large parts of the country rock in the canyons. In the southwestern part of the area, the volcanic rocks are more than 2,000 ft thick. Along the northwest and northeast margins, these rocks are 300-400 ft thick.</p>\n<p>The prevailing dip of the Paleozoic strata is low to the north or northeast. The dominant homoclinal structure is interrupted by several fault blocks, in which the strata dip westward or southward. All the faults are high-angle normal faults and have displacements commonly ranging from about 50 to 400 ft. Although fault relations are obscure within the volcanic sequence, many faults seem to displace the volcanic rocks less than the underlying Paleozoic rocks. The volcanic rocks, which rest unconformably on the Paleozoic strata, are flat lying in the northern part of the map area, but west of Fossil Springs they dip gently southwestward. The ancestral Mogollon Rim, a north-northwest-trending escarpment of Paleozoic rocks now concealed by Tertiary volcanic rocks lies near Fossil Springs (Twenter, 1962).</p>\n<p>The magnetic anomalies and patterns on the aeromagnetic map reflect variations of magnetization in the underlying rocks. Basaltic rocks contain moderate amounts of magnetic minerals, mainly magnetite, and possess strong intensities of magnetization. The more silicic volcanic rocks have much lower magnetization intensities. Sedimentary rocks contain little or no magnetite and are virtually nonmagnetic.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1568B","usgsCitation":"Davis, W.E., and Weir, G.W., 1984, Aeromagnetic map of the Fossil Springs Roadless Area, Yavapai, Gila, and Coconino counties, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1568, Plate: 43.52 x 29.85 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1568B.","productDescription":"Plate: 43.52 x 29.85 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":326367,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1568B.JPG"},{"id":327211,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1568-B/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Coconino County, Gila County, Yavapai County","otherGeospatial":"Fossil Springs Roadless Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.66666666666667,34.3675 ], [ -111.66666666666667,34.5 ], [ -111.45083333333334,34.5 ], [ -111.45083333333334,34.3675 ], [ -111.66666666666667,34.3675 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6966c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, W. E.","contributorId":100844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weir, G. W.","contributorId":107290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weir","given":"G.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":8868,"text":"ofr84633 - 1984 - Characteristics of some silver-, and base metal-bearing, epithermal deposits of Mexico and Peru","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T08:50:04","indexId":"ofr84633","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-633","title":"Characteristics of some silver-, and base metal-bearing, epithermal deposits of Mexico and Peru","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1>\n<p>Lithotectonic, mineralogical, and geochemical data on two silver- and base metal-bearing deposits from Peru and two from Mexico are compiled to facilitate comparisons with other epithermal deposits. Silver and base metal-bearing deposits of Mexico and Peru constitute an important portion of the world silver production derived from shallow, vein-type deposits hosted in volcanic rocks. Although these deposits are generally similar to epithermal deposits of Nevada and Colorado in the western United States, they have some important differences. Because of this, data on the geological attributes of these deposits are very useful for developing models of ore formation that can be used in mineral exploration. The data collected for this compilation are presented in the following pages in summaries of the important characteristics of each deposit. This compilation, which shows the complexities in the geology of epithermal ore deposits in Mexico and Peru, serves as a basis for further comparisons among epithermal deposits throughout the world. The case studies provide data useful to geologists and exploration!'sts interested in developing models of ore formation to be used in exploration for mineral deposits of this type. The deposits described in this report are the Guanajuato district of Guanajuato, Mexico, the Pachuca-Real del Monte district of Hidalgo, Mexico, the Colqui district of Lima, Peru, and the Julcani district of Huancavelica, Peru.</p>\n<p>Although many characteristics of the geology and geochemistry of this type of deposit were considered, the most important criterion for choosing these deposits was that they have substantial quantities of precious- and base-metal mineralization. Additional criteria for selecting the deposits were that they be hosted primarily by calc-alkaline volcanic rocks of intermediate to silicic composition and that they be younger than Tertiary in age. Many deposits in Mexico and Peru and other parts of Central and South America were excluded because the literature describing the districts is not readily available. Furthermore, many districts have not been examined in detail or the information available is of limited geological scope. The four districts that are compiled in this report were chosen because they are described in abundant literature dating from early mining reports on the general geology and mineralogy to very recent data on detailed geochemical and mineralogical studies. They were chosen as being fairly typical, classic examples of near-surface, low-temperature vein deposits as described by Lindgren (1928) in his treatise on ore deposits (Mineral deposits, McGraw-Hill, 1049 p.). These deposits are similar in aspects of their geology and geochemistry to many of the famous, epithermal silver mining districts in Colorado and Nevada including Creede, Colorado, Tonapah, Nevada, and the Sunnyside Mine of the Eureka district, Colorado, and, in the special case of Julcani, to Summitville, Colorado, and Goldfield, Nevada. The characteristics that distinguish them include overall size, production and alteration assemblage. The information documented in each summary will be used in a forthcoming series of papers on the comparative anatomy of precious and base metal deposits in North and South America.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84633","usgsCitation":"Foley, N.K., 1984, Characteristics of some silver-, and base metal-bearing, epithermal deposits of Mexico and Peru: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-633, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84633.","productDescription":"35 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":142811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0633/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36439,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0633/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"471.64 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"Mexico, Peru","state":"Guanajuato, Hidalgo. Huancavelica, Lima","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -101.3,\n              21\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.3,\n              21.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.2,\n              21.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.2,\n              21\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.3,\n              21\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.7,\n              20\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.7,\n              20.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.8,\n              20.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.8,\n              20\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.7,\n              20\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.4,\n              -11.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.4,\n              -11.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5,\n              -11.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5,\n              -11.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.4,\n              -11.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.8,\n              -12.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.8,\n              -13\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.7,\n              -13\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.7,\n              -12.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.8,\n              -12.9\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4f45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foley, Nora K. 0000-0003-0124-3509 nfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0124-3509","contributorId":4010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Nora","email":"nfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":158463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28695,"text":"wri844042 - 1984 - Digital simulation of the regional effects of subsurface injection of liquid waste near Pensacola, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri844042","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4042","title":"Digital simulation of the regional effects of subsurface injection of liquid waste near Pensacola, Florida","docAbstract":"Industrial, organic, liquid waste has been injected into a part of the lower limestone of the Floridan aquifer at one site since 1963 and at another site since 1975, raising water levels in the injection zone throughout a large region. The hydrogeologic conceptual model of the injection zone is a layer tightly confined above by a thick layer of clay and in which lateral hydraulic conductivity decreases rapidly below the upper 60 feet. Recharge areas are to the north and east, where the confining layer pinches out. There appear to be permeability barriers to the northwest, west, and southwest due to facies changes, faults, or pinchouts. Measured and reconstructed preinjection water levels suggested that flow in the aquifer is from the northern recharge areas toward the southeast. A steady-state model simulation incorporating the cited boundary assumptions approximately simulated this pattern. A two-dimensional flow model and the subsurface waste injection program (SWIP) were calibrated to simulate the water level increases at various monitor wells since 1963. Sensitivity analyses showed the simulations to be quite sensitive to moderate errors in either transmissivity or storage parameter specifications. The predictive use of the hydraulic model is understood to be restricted to the geographical locations of data used for model calibration. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844042","usgsCitation":"Merritt, M.L., 1984, Digital simulation of the regional effects of subsurface injection of liquid waste near Pensacola, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4042, vi, 73 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844042.","productDescription":"vi, 73 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4042/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57537,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4042/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a884","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merritt, M. L.","contributorId":47401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merritt","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":8214,"text":"ofr84147 - 1984 - Index of surface-water stations in Texas, January 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-01T18:16:05.065422","indexId":"ofr84147","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-147","title":"Index of surface-water stations in Texas, January 1984","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey's investigations of the water resources of Texas are conducted in cooperation with the Texas Department of Water Resources, river authorities, cities, counties, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, International Boundary and Water Commission, and others.</p>\n<p>Investigations are under the general direction of C. W. Boning, District Chief, Texas District. The Texas District office is located in the Federal Building, 300 East 8th Street, Austin, Texas 78701.</p>\n<p>As of January 1, 1984, 399 stream-gaging, 86 reservoir-contents, 19 stage, 2 periodic discharge through range, 42 flood-hydrograph partial-record, 15 floodprofile partial-record, 34 low-flow partial-record, 11 crest-stage partial-record, 11 tide-level , 60 daily chemical-qual ity, 27 continuous-recording water-quality, 187 periodic chemical-qual ity, 175 periodic organic-quality, 60 pesticides, 1 sediment, 43 periodic sediment, 109 periodic biological, 28 continuous-recording water temperature, and 37 national stream-quality accounting network stations were in operation. Plate 1 shows the location of surface-water streamflow or reservoircontent and chemical-qual ity or sediment stations in Texas. Plate 2 shows the location of partial-record surface-water stations.</p>\n<p>This index shows the station number and name, latitude and longitude, type of data collected, and the office principally responsible for the data collection (table 1). An 8-digit permanent numerical designation for gaging stations has been adopted on a nationwide basis; stations are numbered and listed in downstream order. In the downstream direction along the main stem, all stations on a tributary entering above a main-stem station are listed before that station. A tributary entering between two main-stem stations is listed between them. A similar order is followed in listing stations on first rank, second rank, and other ranks of tributaries. To indicate the rank of any tributary on which a gaging station is situated and the stream to which it is an immediate tributary, each indention in the listing of gaging stations represent one rank. This downstream order and system of indention show which gaging stations are on tributaries between any two stations on a main stem and the rank of the tributary on which each gaging station is situated. On plates 1 and 2 the 8-digit station number is abbreviated because of space limitation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr84147","usgsCitation":"Carrillo, E., and Buckner, H., 1984, Index of surface-water stations in Texas, January 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-147, Report: ii, 16 p.; 2 Plates: 18.51 x 17.15 inches and 18.39 x 17.55 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84147.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 16 p.; 2 Plates: 18.51 x 17.15 inches and 18.39 x 17.55 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406082,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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,{"id":4261,"text":"cir927 - 1984 - The Conterminous United States Mineral Appraisal Program; background information to accompany folio of geologic, geochemical, geophysical, and mineral resources maps of the Walker Lake 1 degree x 2 degrees Quadrangle, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:44","indexId":"cir927","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"927","title":"The Conterminous United States Mineral Appraisal Program; background information to accompany folio of geologic, geochemical, geophysical, and mineral resources maps of the Walker Lake 1 degree x 2 degrees Quadrangle, California and Nevada","docAbstract":"The Walker Lake 1? by 2? quadrangle in eastern California and western Nevada was studied by an interdisciplinary research team to appraise its mineral resources. The appraisal is based on geological, geochemical, and geophysical field and laboratory investigations, the results of which are published as a folio of maps, figures, and tables, with accompanying discussions. This circular provides background information on the investigations and integrates the information presented in the folio. The selected bibliography lists selected references to the geology, geochemistry, geophysics, and mineral deposits of the Walker Lake 1? by 2? quadrangle.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir927","usgsCitation":"Stewart, J.H., Chaffee, M., Dohrenwend, J.C., John, D., Kistler, R.W., Kleinhampl, F.J., Menzie, W., Plouff, D., Rowan, L.C., and Silberling, N.J., 1984, The Conterminous United States Mineral Appraisal Program; background information to accompany folio of geologic, geochemical, geophysical, and mineral resources maps of the Walker Lake 1 degree x 2 degrees Quadrangle, California and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 927, iii, 22 p. :ill., map ; 26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir927.","productDescription":"iii, 22 p. :ill., map ; 26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124870,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0927/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31373,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0927/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ecac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, John Harris","contributorId":63790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Harris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chaffee, M.A.","contributorId":108049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaffee","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dohrenwend, J. C.","contributorId":40960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dohrenwend","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"John, D. A.","contributorId":43748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kistler, R. W.","contributorId":36112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kistler","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kleinhampl, F. J.","contributorId":64650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleinhampl","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Menzie, W. D.","contributorId":52916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menzie","given":"W. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Plouff, Donald","contributorId":94657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plouff","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rowan, L. C.","contributorId":40584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Silberling, Norman J.","contributorId":102438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silberling","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":25971,"text":"wri844194 - 1984 - Evaluation of the hydrologic system and potential effects of mining in the Dickinson lignite area, eastern slope and western Stark and Hettinger counties, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-14T15:41:55","indexId":"wri844194","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4194","title":"Evaluation of the hydrologic system and potential effects of mining in the Dickinson lignite area, eastern slope and western Stark and Hettinger counties, North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>The investigation of the water resources of the Dickinson lignite area, an area of about 500 square miles, was undertaken to define the hydrologic system of the area and to project probable effects of coal mining on the system.</p><p>Aquifers occur in sandstone beds in: the Fox Hills Sandstone and the lower Hell Creek Formation of Cretaceous age, the upper Hell Creek Formation of Cretaceous age and the lower Ludlow Member of the Fort Union Formation of Tertiary age, and the upper Ludlow and lower Tongue River Members of the Fort Union Formation of Tertiary age. Aquifers also occur in the sandstone and lignite lenses in the upper Tongue River Member and the Sentinel Butte Member of the Fort Union Formation. </p><p>Depths to the Fox Hills-lower Hell Creek aquifer system range from about 1,300 to 1,710 feet. Well yields range from 18 to 100 gallons per minute. The water is soft and is a sodium bicarbonate type. Dissolvedsolids concentrations in samples collected from the aquifer system ranged from 1,230 to 1,690 milligrams per liter.</p><p>Depths to the upper Hell Creek-lower Ludlow aquifer system range from about 720 to 1,040 feet. Well yields generally are less than 30 gallons per minute but may be as much as 150 gallons per minute. The water is soft and a sodium bicarbonate type. Dissolved-solids concentrations in samples collected from the aquifer system ranged from 1,010 to 1,450 milligrams per liter.</p><p>Depths to the upper Ludlow-lower Tongue River aquifer system range from about 440 to 713 feet. Well yields may range from about 1 to 100 gallons per minute. The water generally is soft and a sodium bicarbonate type but may be moderately hard and a sulfate type in the southwestern part of the area. Dissolved-solids concentrations in samples collected from the aquifer system ranged from 995 to 1,990 milligrams per liter. </p><p>Depths to the upper Tongue River-Sentinel Butte aquifer system range from near land surface to about 530 feet below land surface. Well yields generally range from about 1 to 185 gallons per minute. Yields from the lignite parts of the system range from about 2 to 60 gallons per minute. The water generally is a sodium bicarbonate type, but locally sulfate is the dominant anion. Dissolved-solids concentrations in samples collected from the aquifer system generally ranged from 574 to 2,720 milligrams per liter.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844194","usgsCitation":"Armstrong, C.A., 1984, Evaluation of the hydrologic system and potential effects of mining in the Dickinson lignite area, eastern slope and western Stark and Hettinger counties, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4194, Report: v, 35 p.; Plate: 22.55 x 19.31 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844194.","productDescription":"Report: v, 35 p.; Plate: 22.55 x 19.31 inches","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123870,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4194/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54717,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4194/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54718,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4194/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","county":"Hettinger County, Stark County","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa3b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armstrong, C. A.","contributorId":66231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":34758,"text":"b1558D - 1984 - White clays of Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-05T12:23:48","indexId":"b1558D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1558","chapter":"D","title":"White clays of Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>The white clays of Pennsylvania are composed chiefly of kaolinite and various amounts of illite. Most of the white clays are silty and a few are sandy. Quartz or chert is the only nonclay mineral in the whitest material; goethite is also present in the colored samples high in iron. The average alumina content is slightly more than 20 percent in samples from three clay pits and less than 15 percent in samples from five clay pits. The white clay deposits are found in eastern, south-central, and central Pennsylvania. They occur in rocks of the Appalachian basin that range in age from Cambrian to Devonian; however, their age of formation is Cretaceous or later. Some of the deposits are the result of katamorphic alteration, and some are the result of weathered material being transported and deposited in sinkaoles or caverns. The presence of alunite in one deposit suggests the possibility that the clay may be the result of both katamorphic and hydrothermal alteration.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to the geology of mineral deposits","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/b1558D","usgsCitation":"Hosterman, J.W., 1984, White clays of Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1558, iv, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1558D.","productDescription":"iv, 38 p.","startPage":"D1","endPage":"D38","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":62632,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1558d/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":165880,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1558d/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Blair County, Centre County, Cumberland County, Huntingdon County, Lancaster County, Monroe County, York 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John W.","contributorId":48962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hosterman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70221678,"text":"70221678 - 1984 - Foraminifers and calcareous nannofossils of Tertiary strata in Maryland and Virginia: A summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-28T16:37:56.003412","indexId":"70221678","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-31T11:31:48","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Foraminifers and calcareous nannofossils of Tertiary strata in Maryland and Virginia: A summary","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cretaceous and Tertiary stratigraphy, paleontology, and structure, southwestern Maryland and northeastern Virginia: Field trip volume and guidebook, October 17, 1984","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation","usgsCitation":"Gibson, T., and Bybell, L.M., 1984, Foraminifers and calcareous nannofossils of Tertiary strata in Maryland and Virginia: A summary, chap. <i>of</i> Cretaceous and Tertiary stratigraphy, paleontology, and structure, southwestern Maryland and northeastern Virginia: Field trip volume and guidebook, October 17, 1984, p. 181-189.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"189","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386805,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.08056640625,\n              38.453588708941375\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.69580078125,\n              38.46219172306828\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.73974609375,\n              39.69873414348139\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.4970703125,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.47509765625,\n              39.20671884491848\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.134521484375,\n              39.444677580473424\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.760986328125,\n              39.62261494094297\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.343505859375,\n              39.46164364205549\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.431396484375,\n              39.172658670429946\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.892822265625,\n              38.77978137804918\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.98071289062499,\n              38.839707613545144\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.288330078125,\n              38.41055825094609\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.5849609375,\n              38.58252615935333\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.26611328125,\n              37.74465712069939\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.31005859375,\n              37.501010429493284\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.10107421874999,\n              37.23032838760387\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.375732421875,\n              37.31775185163688\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.661376953125,\n              37.17782559332976\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.9580078125,\n              37.50972584293751\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.70483398437499,\n              36.62434536776987\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.849609375,\n              36.57142382346277\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.08056640625,\n              38.453588708941375\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gibson, T. G.","contributorId":103702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibson","given":"T. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bybell, Laurel M. 0000-0002-4760-7542 lbybell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-7542","contributorId":1760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bybell","given":"Laurel","email":"lbybell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70231178,"text":"70231178 - 1984 - Guidebook for the annual field conference of Pennsylvania geologists: Geology of an accreted terrane; the eastern Hamburg Klippe and surrounding rocks, eastern Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-02T16:30:59.954029","indexId":"70231178","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-31T11:24:45","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Guidebook for the annual field conference of Pennsylvania geologists: Geology of an accreted terrane; the eastern Hamburg Klippe and surrounding rocks, eastern Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","conferenceTitle":"49th Annual Field Conference of Pennsylvania Geologists; Geology of an accreted terrane; the eastern Hamburg Klippe and surrounding rocks, eastern Pennsylvania","conferenceDate":"Oct 5-6, 1984","conferenceLocation":"Reading, PA","language":"English","publisher":"Field Conference of Pennsylvania Geologists","usgsCitation":"Lyttle, P.T., Epstein, J.B., and Lash, G.G., 1984, Guidebook for the annual field conference of Pennsylvania geologists: Geology of an accreted terrane; the eastern Hamburg Klippe and surrounding rocks, eastern Pennsylvania, v. 49, 151 p.","productDescription":"151 p.","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399977,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":399976,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fcopg.org/download-guidebooks"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"eastern Hamburg Klippe","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.12152099609375,\n              40.48664852056083\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.6134033203125,\n              40.48664852056083\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.6134033203125,\n              40.78678041401646\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.12152099609375,\n              40.78678041401646\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.12152099609375,\n              40.48664852056083\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"49","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyttle, Peter T. plyttle@usgs.gov","contributorId":293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyttle","given":"Peter","email":"plyttle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":841866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Epstein, Jack B. jepstein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"Jack","email":"jepstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lash, Gary George","contributorId":45339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lash","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":841868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70198205,"text":"70198205 - 1984 - Canyon-filling lavas and lava dams on the Boise River, Idaho, and their significance for evaluating downcutting during the last 2 million years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-20T09:54:13","indexId":"70198205","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"26","title":"Canyon-filling lavas and lava dams on the Boise River, Idaho, and their significance for evaluating downcutting during the last 2 million years","docAbstract":"<p>Basalts that periodically dammed the Boise River and its South Fork over the last 2 million years reveal the canyon history and illustrate how lava interacted with impounded river water. Intracanyon basalt flows record a granite canyon successively filled by lava and then recut at least five times in the last 2 million years. The most voluminous flow, Steamboat Rock Basalt, reached 60 kilometers downstream and spread out on the Snake River Plain just east of Boise. Lavas that reached the river were erupted from vents bordering the main canyon and adjacent tributaries. The river canyon was periodically flooded by basalt from these eruptions, reentrenched to a new lower level, then flooded again. This succession resulted in terraces of older flows high above the river and of younger flows lower on the canyon walls. The canyon-filling flows dammed the river and created deltas of pillow basalt and hyaloclastite overlain by massive subaerial basalt. Foreset beds in the hyaloclastite deposits and inclined pillows indicate flow into reservoirs behind the lava dams. A well-documented example of a lava dam is the one formed by the Smith Prairie Basalt, which is about 0.2 million years old. Potassium-argon ages calibrate a canyon history in which the river was lowered at a rate between 0.005 and 0.01 centimeter a year over the last 2 million years. The lava dams interrupted this lowering but were each rapidly incised in about a quarter of a million years at rates averaging 0.03 to 0.07 centimeter a year. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cenozoic geology of Idaho","language":"English","publisher":"Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology","publisherLocation":"Moscow, ID","usgsCitation":"Howard, K.A., Shervais, J.W., and McKee, E., 1984, Canyon-filling lavas and lava dams on the Boise River, Idaho, and their significance for evaluating downcutting during the last 2 million years, 13 p.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"629","endPage":"641","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355843,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":355842,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.idahogeology.org/product/b-26"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Boise River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.54296874999999,\n              42.94033923363181\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.202880859375,\n              42.94033923363181\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.202880859375,\n              44.28453670601888\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.54296874999999,\n              44.28453670601888\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.54296874999999,\n              42.94033923363181\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bonnichsen, Bill","contributorId":94358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonnichsen","given":"Bill","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740566,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breckenridge, R.M.","contributorId":206461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breckenridge","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740567,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Howard, Keith A. 0000-0002-6462-2947 khoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-2947","contributorId":3439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Keith","email":"khoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shervais, John W.","contributorId":57753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shervais","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKee, E.H.","contributorId":20736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70207376,"text":"70207376 - 1984 - Origin of Hawaiian tholeiite: A metasomatic model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-03T15:04:42.86726","indexId":"70207376","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-18T13:01:15","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of Hawaiian tholeiite: A metasomatic model","docAbstract":"<p><span>Two voluminous magma types generated in the mantle underlying the Pacific plate are mid‐ocean ridge tholeiite (MORB) erupted at the East Pacific Rise spreading center and Hawaiian tholeiite (HT) erupted above the Hawaiian hot spot or melting anomaly. MORB has low initial&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr ratios and low amounts of all incompatible trace elements including rare earths; chondrite‐normalized patterns are depleted in light rare earths. HT, by contrast, has higher initial&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr and higher amounts of incompatible trace elements; chondrite‐nor‐malized patterns are enriched in the middle and light rare earths. HT is generally poorer in CaO and Al</span><sub>2</sub><span>O</span><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;and much richer in total iron and TiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;compared with MORB having the same MgO content. Primary magma compositions for the two volcanic systems are calculated in Fe‐Mg equilibrium with residual olivine (Fo</span><sub>92</sub><span>). MORB is generated by partial melting of a trace element depleted Iherzolite source leaving a residual assemblage dominated by olivine and orthopyroxene. The percentage of partial melting for a primary magma containing 15% MgO is calculated to be 35–42% in a source mantle having a heavy rare earth content of 3×chondrite and 33–35% MgO. HT, represented by Kilauea tholeiite, is generated by partial melting of a mixture of unmelted and residual mantle for MORB which has been modified by metasomatic addition of a nephelinitic fluid, amphibole, and minor amounts of apatite and Fe‐bearing phases such as sulfide and magnetite/ilmenite. This model yields a picritic magma in equilbrium with magnesian dunite at high (&gt;40%) degrees of partial melting. The source also has 35% MgO before partial melting. Melting in both systems in polyvariant and not controlled by lower‐temperature invariant equilibria. The low‐velocity zone is considered to be the source of metasomatic fluids that are driven upward into the lowermost lithosphere in response to a thermal plume. Picritic primary magmas are produced by shear melting, localized in the zone of thinned and metasomatized lithosphere beneath Hawaii. Melt extraction is rapid and episodic at intervals of months to decades; magma is not stored in the mantle but passes upward to a plexus of storage reservoirs located 2–6 km beneath the surface of Kilauea. Kilauea primary magmas fractionate olivine during upward transport to reach bulk compositions of 13–14% MgO in storage. Different magma batches erupted to the surface, distinguished by different major and minor element compositons compared at similar MgO content, represent combinations of differing degrees of metasomatic enrichment, differing degrees of partial melting, and some effects of premelting mantle heterogeneity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/JB089iB05p03233","usgsCitation":"Wright, T., 1984, Origin of Hawaiian tholeiite: A metasomatic model: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 89, no. 5, p. 3233-3252, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB05p03233.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"3233","endPage":"3252","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370418,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.48828125,\n              21.6778482933475\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.181640625,\n              18.271086109608877\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.0283203125,\n              19.68397023588844\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.14794921875,\n              22.958393318086348\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.48828125,\n              21.6778482933475\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Thomas L. twright@usgs.gov","contributorId":3890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Thomas L.","email":"twright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70207107,"text":"70207107 - 1984 - Deformation in the White Mountain seismic gap, California-Nevada, 1972-1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-28T15:37:25.281301","indexId":"70207107","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-06T11:52:36","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation in the White Mountain seismic gap, California-Nevada, 1972-1982","docAbstract":"<p><span>A 100×40 km trilateration network extending from Bishop, California, to near Hawthorne, Nevada, crosses the east end of the Long Valley caldera, site of renewed magma inflation in the 1979–1980 interval, and spans most of the White Mountain seismic gap. The network was surveyed in 1972, 1973, 1976, 1979, 1980, and 1982. The 1980 survey may be contaminated by a scale error. In addition, leveling surveys across the caldera have been run in 1932, 1957, 1975, 1980, 1982, and 1983. Interpretation of the deformation is complicated by the occurrence of the May 1980 Mammoth Lakes earthquake sequence (four earthquakes&nbsp;</span><i>M<sub>L</sub></i><span>≥6) at the south edge of the caldera as well as other moderate earthquakes within the White Mountain seismic gap. The vertical deformation is largely accounted for by 0.10‐ to 0.15‐km</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;expansion of a spherical magma chamber 8–10 km beneath the resurgent dome within the Long Valley caldera sometime between July 1979 and September 1980 with an additional expansion of perhaps 0.05 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;between September 1980 and July 1982. Some additional sources of deformation within the aftershock zone of the Mammoth Lakes earthquakes seem to be required to explain the horizontal deformation. We show that right‐lateral slip on vertical faults extending WNW from each of the three largest earthquakes in the Mammoth Lakes sequence provides the required additional deformation, but this solution is by no means unique. There are simply too few data to define the rather complex deformation that apparently occurred within the aftershock zone. There is little doubt, however, that inflation of a magma chamber beneath the resurgent dome within the Long Valley caldera was involved in the deformation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB089iB09p07671","usgsCitation":"Savage, J.C., and Lisowski, M., 1984, Deformation in the White Mountain seismic gap, California-Nevada, 1972-1982: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 89, no. B9, p. 7671-7687, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB09p07671.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"7671","endPage":"7687","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370040,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.44610595703124,\n              37.413800350662896\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.22662353515624,\n              37.413800350662896\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.22662353515624,\n              38.371808917147554\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.44610595703124,\n              38.371808917147554\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.44610595703124,\n              37.413800350662896\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"B9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, James C. 0000-0002-5114-7673 jasavage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":2412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"James","email":"jasavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, Michael 0000-0003-4818-2504 mlisowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-2504","contributorId":637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"Michael","email":"mlisowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70207103,"text":"70207103 - 1984 - Regional deformation near Palmdale, California, 1973-1983 (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-28T15:21:41.721361","indexId":"70207103","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-06T10:28:59","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional deformation near Palmdale, California, 1973-1983 (USA)","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\">The Tehachapi trilateration network spans the intersection of the San Andreas and Garlock faults in southern California in the “Big Bend” region of the San Andreas fault. Analysis of data from 1973–1983 shows strain differences between the northwest and southeast regions of the network and slip at depth on both faults. The Palmdale network, spanning the San Andreas fault entirely within the Tehachapi network, showed increases of about 1 μstrain in both east‐west and north‐south extension in late 1979. The Tehachapi strains also jumped at this time, but the magnitude of the increase was only about one third that of Palmdale. The principal strain rates for Tehachapi over the time interval 1973–1983 are&nbsp;<img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/e552692c-9980-4ea7-aa0c-c8bc21ab42fa/jgrb4718-math-0001.gif\" alt=\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0001\" data-mce-src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/e552692c-9980-4ea7-aa0c-c8bc21ab42fa/jgrb4718-math-0001.gif\" width=\"137\" height=\"19\">&nbsp;μstrain/yr and&nbsp;<img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/1add3584-2422-4463-94d0-3cddb1bed90f/jgrb4718-math-0002.gif\" alt=\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0002\" data-mce-src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/1add3584-2422-4463-94d0-3cddb1bed90f/jgrb4718-math-0002.gif\" width=\"158\" height=\"20\">&nbsp;μstrain/yr, with the 1 axis directed N76°E. Strains were also computed for two subregions. The principal strain rates for the southeast Tehachapi region are&nbsp;<img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/7d1a542b-f435-413e-b2a0-2bbdd7bd5423/jgrb4718-math-0003.gif\" alt=\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0003\" data-mce-src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/7d1a542b-f435-413e-b2a0-2bbdd7bd5423/jgrb4718-math-0003.gif\" width=\"143\" height=\"23\">&nbsp;μstrain/yr and&nbsp;<img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/52c9e8fb-c23f-4510-b0ce-6702d4ca6256/jgrb4718-math-0004.gif\" alt=\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0004\" data-mce-src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/52c9e8fb-c23f-4510-b0ce-6702d4ca6256/jgrb4718-math-0004.gif\" width=\"159\" height=\"23\">&nbsp;μStrain/yr, with the 1 axis directed N73°E. This result differs significantly from the principal strain rates at Palmdale (&nbsp;<img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/7334fe58-4beb-414a-882e-d973f41ef8bf/jgrb4718-math-0005.gif\" alt=\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0005\" data-mce-src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/7334fe58-4beb-414a-882e-d973f41ef8bf/jgrb4718-math-0005.gif\" width=\"136\" height=\"20\">&nbsp;μstrain/yr,&nbsp;<img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/f78759f7-2ba0-42a7-b8ed-2a487c74be0e/jgrb4718-math-0006.gif\" alt=\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0006\" data-mce-src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/f78759f7-2ba0-42a7-b8ed-2a487c74be0e/jgrb4718-math-0006.gif\" width=\"151\" height=\"24\">&nbsp;μstrain/yr, with the 1 axis directed N71°E). For the northwest Tehachapi region,&nbsp;<img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/69e7ace1-9f50-481d-ba70-14e69959d3b5/jgrb4718-math-0007.gif\" alt=\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0007\" data-mce-src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/69e7ace1-9f50-481d-ba70-14e69959d3b5/jgrb4718-math-0007.gif\" width=\"139\" height=\"20\">&nbsp;μstrain/yr and&nbsp;<img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/fe880333-465b-4ccb-8d07-f7628ee502b3/jgrb4718-math-0008.gif\" alt=\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0008\" data-mce-src=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/fe880333-465b-4ccb-8d07-f7628ee502b3/jgrb4718-math-0008.gif\" width=\"174\" height=\"22\">&nbsp;μstrain/yr, with the 1 axis directed N93°E.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/JB089iB04p02471","usgsCitation":"King, N., and Savage, J.C., 1984, Regional deformation near Palmdale, California, 1973-1983 (USA): Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 89, no. B4, p. 2471-2477, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB04p02471.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2471","endPage":"2477","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Near Palmdale","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.38867187500001,\n              33.706062655101206\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.52099609375,\n              33.706062655101206\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.52099609375,\n              34.88593094075317\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.38867187500001,\n              34.88593094075317\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.38867187500001,\n              33.706062655101206\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"B4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, N.E.","contributorId":29950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Savage, James C. 0000-0002-5114-7673 jasavage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":2412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"James","email":"jasavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199566,"text":"70199566 - 1984 - Transport and concentration controls for chloride, strontium, potassium and lead in Uvas Creek, a small cobble-bed stream in Santa Clara County, California, U.S.A.: 1. Conceptual model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-20T17:13:40","indexId":"70199566","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-05T17:13:09","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transport and concentration controls for chloride, strontium, potassium and lead in Uvas Creek, a small cobble-bed stream in Santa Clara County, California, U.S.A.: 1. Conceptual model","docAbstract":"<p>Stream sediments adsorb certain solutes from streams, thereby significantly changing the solute composition; but little is known about the details and rates of these adsorptive processes. To investigate such processes, a 24-hr. injection of a solution containing chloride, strontium, potassium, sodium and lead was made at the head of a 640-m reach of Uvas Creek in west-central Santa Clara County, California. Uvas Creek is a cobble-bed pool-and-riffle stream draining the eastern slopes of the Santa Cruz Mountains. By September 12, 1973, after a long dry season, Uvas Creek had a low (0.0215 m<sup>3</sup>s<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>average) flow which varied diurnally, from 0.018 to 0.025 m<sup>3</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>. Because stream discharge varied while the injection rate was constant, the concentration of tracers (injected solutes), after mixing in the stream, varied inversely with discharge.</p><p>Chloride, a nonreactive solute, served as a tracer of water movement. Analysis of extensive chloride concentration data at five sites below the injection point during and after the injection demonstrated that there was considerable underflow of water through the stream gravels; however, the extent of underflow varied greatly within the study reach. Pre-injection water, displaced by tracer-laden water percolating through the gravels, diluted tracers in the stream channel, giving the mistaken impression of groundwater inflow at some points. Accurate measurement of total discharge in such streams requires prolonged tracer injection unless a reach can be found where underflow is negligible.</p><p>Strontium and potassium were adsorbed by the bed sediments to a moderate extent and lead was strongly adsorbed. A high proportion of these metals could be removed by adsorption from percolating underflow because of extensive and intimate contact with bed sediments. After channel clearing following injection cutoff, 51% of the added strontium and 96% of the lead remained in the study reach, whereas only 19% of the chloride remained. Packets of sized sediment, placed in the stream before the experiment and withdrawn during and after the injection, indicated that the strontium absorbed on the 0.42–0.50-mm size sediment appeared to achieve near equilibrium with dissolved strontium within less than 2 hr. whereas 3.4–4.0-mm grains had not reached that stage after 24 hr.</p><p>The cation-exchange capacity (CEC) of the sediments shows a “bimodal” distribution with grain size. Largest values are in the finest sizes, lower values in the fine-to-medium sand-size range, intermediate values in the coarse- to very coarse-grained sand, and decreasing values with size above very coarse-grained sand. This considerable exchange capacity in coarse-sand to granule-size particles means that a streambed, that has not been infilled with fines to reduce permeability, can be highly reactive and accessible throughout a rather thick sediment layer and hence have a large and available reactive capacity.</p><p>As stream discharge increases from low flow, the ratio of underflow to channel flow should decrease rapidly with resultant diminution in percent of solutes sorbed within a particular stream reach.</p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(84)90046-5","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, V.C., Jackman, A.P., Zand, S., Zellweger, G.W., and Avanzino, R., 1984, Transport and concentration controls for chloride, strontium, potassium and lead in Uvas Creek, a small cobble-bed stream in Santa Clara County, California, U.S.A.: 1. Conceptual model: Journal of Hydrology, v. 75, no. 1-4, p. 67-110, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(84)90046-5.","productDescription":"44 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"110","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357589,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Clara County","otherGeospatial":"Uvas Creek","volume":"75","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, V. C.","contributorId":46080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackman, A. P.","contributorId":46957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackman","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zand, S.M.","contributorId":25699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zand","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zellweger, G. W.","contributorId":55445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellweger","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Avanzino, R.J.","contributorId":37336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avanzino","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70013515,"text":"70013515 - 1984 - Biological communities at the Florida Escarpment resemble hydrothermal vent taxa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-30T17:27:49.949424","indexId":"70013515","displayToPublicDate":"1984-11-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biological communities at the Florida Escarpment resemble hydrothermal vent taxa","docAbstract":"Dense biological communities of large epifaunal taxa similar to those found along ridge crest vents at the East Pacific Rise were discovered in the abyssal Gulf of Mexico. These assemblages occur on a passive continental margin at the base of the Florida Escarpment, the interface between the relatively impermeable hemipelagic clays of the distal Mississippi Fan and the jointed Cretaceous limestone of the Florida Platform. The fauna apparently is nourished by sulfide rich hypersaline waters seeping out at near ambient temperatures onto the sea floor.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.226.4677.965","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Paull, C.K., Hecker, B., Commeau, R., Freeman-Lynde, R.P., Neumann, C., Corso, W., Golubic, S., Hook, J., Sikes, E., and Curray, J., 1984, Biological communities at the Florida Escarpment resemble hydrothermal vent taxa: Science, v. 226, no. 4677, p. 965-967, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.226.4677.965.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"965","endPage":"967","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220594,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Escarpment","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.34024487052253,\n              30.07605910739204\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.34024487052253,\n              25.0903140051866\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.90280590664406,\n              25.0903140051866\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.90280590664406,\n              30.07605910739204\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.34024487052253,\n              30.07605910739204\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"226","issue":"4677","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f165e4b0c8380cd4ac39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paull, C. K.","contributorId":86845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hecker, Barbara","contributorId":33843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hecker","given":"Barbara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7135,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":366236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Commeau, R.","contributorId":29954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Commeau","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman-Lynde, R. P.","contributorId":102203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman-Lynde","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neumann, C.","contributorId":26438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neumann","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Corso, W.P.","contributorId":78875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corso","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Golubic, S.","contributorId":20466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golubic","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hook, J.E.","contributorId":9769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hook","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sikes, E.","contributorId":91239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sikes","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Curray, J.","contributorId":29955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curray","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
]}