Worldwide, freshwater systems contain more than 18,000 fish species1,2,3, which are critical to the functioning of these ecosystems4 and are vital cultural and economic resources to humans5,6,7; despite this value, fish biodiversity is at risk globally8,9. In the USA, leading threats to fish communities in rivers and streams include climate change and invasive fish introductions and game fish stocking by humans10,11,12,13,14. Here we harmonized US federal biomonitoring datasets with 389 species spanning 27 years (1993–2019) and 2,992 sites to analyse trends in fish biodiversity. In cold streams (past summer stream temperatures below 15.4 °C), fish abundance and richness declined by 53.4% and 32% over 27 years, respectively, and uniqueness increased. Periodic (large-bodied, late-maturing) fishes increased, and opportunists (small-bodied, short generation time, ‘r-selected’) decreased, possibly due to proliferation of native or introduced game fishes. In warm streams (stream temperatures greater than 23.8 °C), fish abundance and richness increased by 70.5% and 15.6% over 27 years, respectively, and communities homogenized. Small opportunistic fishes replaced large periodic fishes. Intermediate streams (stream temperatures 15.4–23.8 °C), representing the average stream, had minimal changes in fish biodiversity through time. Interactions between warming and introduced fish were associated with increased rates of degradation to local fish biodiversity. Given the magnitude of these changes in a relatively short time span, there is an urgent need to curb degradation of fish biodiversity caused by fish introductions and warming water temperatures.
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A.","contributorId":361648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kopp","given":"Darin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dumelle, Michael","contributorId":361649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dumelle","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rohr, Jason","contributorId":214630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rohr","given":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"De Laender, Frederik 0000-0002-4060-973X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-973X","contributorId":304832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Laender","given":"Frederik","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":66158,"text":"University of Namur","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hoffman, Joel","contributorId":361653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoffman","given":"Joel","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Behrens, Jonathan","contributorId":361656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Behrens","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lepak, Ryan","contributorId":361659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lepak","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Jones, Devin","contributorId":361662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Devin","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mahon, Michael","contributorId":361665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahon","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70271947,"text":"70271947 - 2025 - Linking stream-reach nitrogen loads and groundwater “reachsheds” to inform wastewater-nitrogen management actions, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-25T14:08:33.913615","indexId":"70271947","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-24T08:58:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking stream-reach nitrogen loads and groundwater “reachsheds” to inform wastewater-nitrogen management actions, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Fish passage development is a priority at Tieton Dam, on the Tieton River in Washington state, because passage options were not included when the dam was constructed nearly 100 years ago. To inform downstream passage design, we conducted a study to evaluate migration and near-dam behavior of juvenile salmon. The primary goal of the study was to determine how fish approached the dam and to identify areas where they congregated. In its current configuration, water is passed through a deep intake located approximately 548 m upstream of the dam, so there was interest in determining if juvenile salmon spent more time near the intake or at the dam. We found that tagged fish primarily entered the dam forebay offshore and arrived at the dam near the spillway on the left bank of the reservoir. Tagged fish had extended residence times in the forebay and moved repeatedly between the intake and the dam. Using thermal profile data, we inferred that juvenile salmon likely occupied the upper 5 m of the water column during May and June before moving to deeper portions of the water column (10–27 m) during July–September when the reservoir became thermally stratified. We found that a small percentage of tagged fish passed the dam when the reservoir was rapidly drawn down during August–October, but additional research may be needed to fully assess entrainment risk through the intake. These findings suggest that downstream fish passage could be developed at Tieton Dam with a high probability of success, given that most fish survived reservoir passage and spent considerable time near the dam where they would be available to discover and utilize new passage routes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.70047","usgsCitation":"Kock, T.J., Morse, J.M., Stockwell, C.L., and Hansen, A.C., 2025, Evaluation of juvenile salmon behavior to inform downstream fish passage development at a high head dam: River Research and Applications, v. 42, no. 1, p. 30-39, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.70047.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"30","endPage":"39","ipdsId":"IP-178653","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.70047","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499581,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Tieton Dam, Tieton River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.28956624184305,\n 46.663593593931665\n ],\n [\n -121.28956624184305,\n 46.618894099842606\n ],\n [\n -121.10450139881516,\n 46.618894099842606\n ],\n [\n -121.10450139881516,\n 46.663593593931665\n ],\n [\n -121.28956624184305,\n 46.663593593931665\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kock, Tobias J. 0000-0001-8976-0230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8976-0230","contributorId":214550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kock","given":"Tobias","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morse, Joseph Mitchell 0009-0009-9937-4830","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9937-4830","contributorId":365998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morse","given":"Joseph","middleInitial":"Mitchell","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stockwell, Caitlin Louise 0000-0001-8257-8428","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8257-8428","contributorId":365999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockwell","given":"Caitlin","middleInitial":"Louise","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, Amy C. 0000-0002-0298-9137","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-9137","contributorId":223220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Amy","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273019,"text":"70273019 - 2025 - Seaward movements and mortality of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. kelts in the Penobscot River, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-15T14:19:25.467022","indexId":"70273019","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-24T08:16:56","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Seaward movements and mortality of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. kelts in the Penobscot River, Maine","title":"Seaward movements and mortality of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. kelts in the Penobscot River, Maine","docAbstract":"The Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. is an endangered species in the United States, but post-spawn downstream movements remain poorly understood. We conducted a 2-year acoustic telemetry study to characterize downstream movements and to quantify apparent mortality and downstream passage of post-spawn adults (kelts) in the Penobscot River, Maine, USA (N = 112). The majority of tagged S. salar kelts (54%) exhibited a rapid movement seaward post-release instead of overwintering in the river. Salmo salar kelts that overwintered exhibited two patterns, distinguished by whether a dam was present or not. We found no relationship between post-release movement pattern, sex, body condition index or release year. Estimated apparent mortality rates were high (83%), with a greater probability of mortality occurring near the dams and release site. Apparent mortality rate did not differ by sex, body condition or year, but it was greater for individuals that moved out directly post-release and less for those that overwintered. While our results may suggest that overwintering in the river is a favourable pattern for survival, these results may be related to the closures of the designated downstream passages at the first two dams encountered by S. salar kelts. In fact, 55% of S. salar kelts passed a dam when the designated passages were closed. Altogether, these results may demonstrate the complex nature of downstream passage for S. salar kelts, particularly when having to navigate multiple dams.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfb.70233","usgsCitation":"Merriam, C.A., Frechette, D.M., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2025, Seaward movements and mortality of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. kelts in the Penobscot River, Maine: Journal of Fish Biology, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.70233.","productDescription":"17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-167996","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497467,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.22578995600236,\n 46.49126843728817\n ],\n [\n -70.22578995600236,\n 44.23373883296165\n ],\n [\n -67.80118457178799,\n 44.23373883296165\n ],\n [\n -67.80118457178799,\n 46.49126843728817\n ],\n [\n -70.22578995600236,\n 46.49126843728817\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merriam, Carolyn A.","contributorId":363914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merriam","given":"Carolyn","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frechette, Danielle M.","contributorId":363916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frechette","given":"Danielle","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":952105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70272033,"text":"70272033 - 2025 - Sequoia and Sequoiadendron: Two paleoendemic megatrees with markedly different adaptive responses to recent high-severity fires","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-13T16:47:35.899195","indexId":"70272033","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-24T08:13:26","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":724,"text":"American Journal of Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Sequoia and Sequoiadendron: Two paleoendemic megatrees with markedly different adaptive responses to recent high-severity fires","title":"Sequoia and Sequoiadendron: Two paleoendemic megatrees with markedly different adaptive responses to recent high-severity fires","docAbstract":"Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) and giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) are two iconic paleoendemic species with limited distributions, well known for their spectacular size. Recently, they have been exposed to high-severity crown fires, with starkly contrasting responses.
We used all available published literature and field observations to understand the responses to fire in an evolutionary context.
Coast redwoods, found in California's coastal rainforests, were highly resilient to high-severity fires, with most trees surviving due to their ability to resprout from the base and trunk, though seedling regeneration was largely lacking. In contrast, giant sequoias, native to the Sierra Nevada, do not resprout, leading to significant tree mortality after very high-severity fires; they released seeds only in patches where some trees survived moderately high-severity fires.
These high-severity fires were novel events for giant sequoias, but not for coast redwoods. Fire suppression has disrupted the natural fire regime in the giant sequoia ecosystem by preventing frequent lightning-caused surface fires, resulting in high-severity fires that killed a substantial number of these giants. In coast redwood forests, infrequent but high-severity crown fires were the norm before burning by Native Americans. Frequent, low-severity burning by Native Americans over the past few hundred years was localized and 20th-century fire suppression has returned the natural fire regime to these forests. The recent crown fires do not represent a threat to redwood conservation; however, other management goals may require emulating Native American burning practices and in some cases may be best termed cultural restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Botanical Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.70089","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., and Pausas, J.G., 2025, Sequoia and Sequoiadendron: Two paleoendemic megatrees with markedly different adaptive responses to recent high-severity fires: American Journal of Botany, v. 112, e70089, https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.70089.","productDescription":"e70089","ipdsId":"IP-172307","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":216485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pausas, Juli G.","contributorId":361994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pausas","given":"Juli","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":86413,"text":"Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70272593,"text":"70272593 - 2025 - Longer rorqual whale mothers produce more female offspring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-24T16:18:56.439154","indexId":"70272593","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-24T07:59:47","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3173,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Longer rorqual whale mothers produce more female offspring","docAbstract":"Multiple hypotheses have arisen that predict how mammals with the ability to adapt fetal sex ratios should invest in male versus female offspring to maximize inclusive fitness, but large wild-population datasets necessary for testing these hypotheses are challenging to collect. We used whaling data (n = 209 254 sexed fetuses from seven rorqual whale species) to test whether mothers with more resources to invest in offspring produce more male or female offspring. We first modelled fetal sex misidentification in the data and estimated that missexing occurred for fetuses under 30–120 cm across five of seven species. Using Bayesian generalized linear mixed models and a size-restricted dataset to account for misidentification, we estimated a 90% posterior probability that longer mothers have more female offspring overall, ranging from 77% for humpback whales to 99% for sei whales. Our results likely reflect both the difficulty of excluding small males from competition in aquatic environments and the exceptionally high costs of gestation and lactation in baleen whales.
We describe the results of long-term population monitoring of the island night lizard Xantusia riversiana on San Nicolas Island, California, following the species' removal from the U.S. Endangered Species list in 2014. Monitoring activities were carried out from October 2014 through November 2023, but we also incorporate data from earlier work dating back to 1993. Because of habitat loss on the western part of the island, the island night lizard is almost entirely confined to the island's eastern half. The species' distribution remains largely the same since studies in the 1990s, though small increases in distribution were noted at the island's west end. Numbers at most long-term monitoring sites appeared to show a slight decrease associated with a multi-year drought, with numbers returning to previous levels by the end of the monitoring period. Models fit to counts of newly recruited lizards suggested a positive association between winter precipitation and abundance; however, we found a simpler model including constant abundance throughout the study to be more parsimonious. Two monitoring sites showed marked decreases in numbers, with one site declining to zero following infestation of the area by non-native Argentine ants Linepithema humile. The island's vegetation and natural communities continue to gradually recover from a century of overgrazing by sheep and the widespread introduction of aggressive non-native plants. Habitat restoration efforts by U.S. Navy natural resources staff on the island may lead to increasing population numbers and genetic connectivity, but persistent threats remain for the island night lizard on San Nicolas Island.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70094","usgsCitation":"Drost, C.A., Kleeman, P.M., Yackulic, C.B., Halstead, B.J., and Fellers, G.M., 2025, Long-term monitoring of island night lizards on San Nicolas Island: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 89, no. 8, e70094, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70094.","productDescription":"e70094, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177493","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500637,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P14BERMW","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Island Night Lizard monitoring data on San Nicolas Island, CA, 1995-2023"},{"id":500504,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":500607,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70094","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Nicolas Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.61377432741922,\n 33.29828231397315\n ],\n [\n -119.61377432741922,\n 33.19720340978597\n ],\n [\n -119.38140334562684,\n 33.19720340978597\n ],\n [\n -119.38140334562684,\n 33.29828231397315\n ],\n [\n -119.61377432741922,\n 33.29828231397315\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drost, Charles A. 0000-0002-4792-7095 charles_drost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-7095","contributorId":3151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"Charles","email":"charles_drost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kleeman, Patrick M. 0000-0001-6567-3239 pkleeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6567-3239","contributorId":3948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleeman","given":"Patrick","email":"pkleeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":218825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":215986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":366997,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":87525,"text":"[Previously] U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Point Reyes Field10Station, Point Reyes Station, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70274185,"text":"70274185 - 2025 - CaDAVEr: A metagenome-assembled genome catalog of microbial decomposers across vertebrate environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-04T22:47:42.818663","indexId":"70274185","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T15:39:33","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5813,"text":"Microbiology Resource Announcements","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"CaDAVEr: A metagenome-assembled genome catalog of microbial decomposers across vertebrate environments","docAbstract":"Microbial degradation of organic matter is a fundamental Earth process, yet a mechanistic understanding of microbial metabolisms and successional ecology involved in decomposition remains poorly understood. Here, we announce the recovery of 277 cadaver-associated soil metagenome-assembled genomes to enhance our understanding of vertebrate decomposition microbial processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/mra.01323-24","collaboration":"Colorado State University","usgsCitation":"Seitz, V.A., McGivern, B.B., Shaffer, M., Borton, M.A., Belk, A.D., Ghadermazi, P., Martino, C., Shenhav, L., Zhang, A.R., Shi, P., Emmons, A., Deel, H., Xu, Z.Z., Nieciecki, V., Zhu, Q., Cantrell, K., Ben-Hur, A., Reed, S., Humphry, G.C., Ackermann, G., McDonald, D., Chan, S.H., Connor, M., Boyd, D.A., Smith, J., Watson, J.M., Vidoli, G., Steadman, D., Lynne, A.M., Bucheli, S., Carter, D.O., Burcham, Z.M., Knight, R., Wrighton, K.C., and Metcalf, J.L., 2025, CaDAVEr: A metagenome-assembled genome catalog of microbial decomposers across vertebrate environments: Microbiology Resource Announcements, v. 14, no. 11, e01323-24, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.01323-24.","productDescription":"e01323-24, 6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178708","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.01323-24","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500771,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seitz, Valerie A.","contributorId":367122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"Valerie","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":87552,"text":"Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, US","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGivern, Bridget B.","contributorId":367123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGivern","given":"Bridget","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":87553,"text":"Dept of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Present address: Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaffer, Michael","contributorId":339495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81311,"text":"Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Borton, Mikayla A.","contributorId":367124,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borton","given":"Mikayla","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":87554,"text":"bDepartment of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Belk, Aeriel D.","contributorId":367125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belk","given":"Aeriel","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":87555,"text":"Dept of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Present address: Department of Animal Sciences at Auburn Univerisity, Auburn, AL, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ghadermazi, Parsa","contributorId":339486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ghadermazi","given":"Parsa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81314,"text":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Martino, Cameron","contributorId":339487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martino","given":"Cameron","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81315,"text":"Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Shenhav, Liat","contributorId":339488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shenhav","given":"Liat","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81316,"text":"Center for Studies in Physics and Biology, Rockefeller University; 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The maps also encompass the 134 miles of the Current and Jacks Fork Rivers within the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, which is the first national park area to protect a river system. The flood-inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Program website at https://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (hereafter referred to as “stages”) at eight reference USGS streamgages—five on the Current River (USGS station numbers 07064440, 07064533, 07066510, 07067000, and 07068000) and three on the Jacks Fork River (USGS station numbers 07065200, 07065495, and 07066000). Near-real-time stages at these streamgages may be obtained from the USGS National Water Information System at https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN or the National Weather Service National Water Prediction Service at http://water.noaa.gov/, which also forecasts flood hydrographs at four of these sites (USGS station numbers 07067000, 07068000, 07065495, and 07066000).
Flood profiles were computed for seven of the eight map reaches by means of two-dimensional hydraulic models and the remaining reach by a one-dimensional hydraulic model. The models were calibrated by using stage-streamflow relations or streamflow measurements at the USGS streamgages and from high-flow stage measurements from water-level loggers distributed throughout the reaches.
The hydraulic models were used to compute water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage datums. The profile stages ranged from the National Weather Service “action stage” or near bankfull, to a stage exceeding the highest recorded water level at each streamgage. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a digital elevation model (derived from light detection and ranging data having a nonvegetated vertical accuracy of a maximum 10-centimeter root mean square error) to delineate the area flooded at each water level and the associated water depths.
The availability of these maps, along with information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage and forecasted high-flow stages from the National Weather Service, will provide emergency management personnel, resource managers, and residents with information that is critical for flood-response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for postflood recovery efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255092","collaboration":"South Central Ozark Council of Governments, Ozark Foothills Regional Planning Commission","usgsCitation":"Heimann, D.C., High, J.L., Atkinson, A.A., and Rydlund, P.H., Jr., 2025, Flood-inundation maps of the Current and Jacks Fork Rivers including the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, southeast Missouri, 2023: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5092, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255092.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 29 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-135288","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497780,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118892.htm"},{"id":495817,"rank":7,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"- USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":495816,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P90H2UQY","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hydraulic models and geospatial products associated with flood-inundation mapping of the Current and Jacks Fork Rivers including the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, Southeast Missouri, 2022–25"},{"id":495815,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5092/images"},{"id":495813,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255092/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5092 HTML"},{"id":495809,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5092/sir20255092.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5092"},{"id":495808,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5092/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":495814,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5092/sir20255092.XML","description":"SIR 2025-5092 XML"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Current River, Jacks Fork River, Ozark National Scenic Riverways","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.75,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -91.75,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -90.75,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -90.75,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -91.75,\n 37.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401
The U.S. Geological Survey created flood-inundation maps that make up a 131.8-mile reach of the Current River, a 44.6-mile reach of the Jacks Fork River, including 134 miles of the Ozark National Scenic Riverways in southeast Missouri. The flood-inundation maps show estimates of the extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels at eight reference U.S. Geological Survey streamgages—five on the Current River (U.S. Geological Survey station numbers 07064440, 07064533, 07066510, 07067000, and 07068000) and three on the Jacks Fork River (U.S. Geological Survey station numbers 07065200, 07065495, and 07066000).
","publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heimann, David C. 0000-0003-0450-2545 dheimann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0450-2545","contributorId":3822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heimann","given":"David","email":"dheimann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"High, Jason L. 0009-0009-1031-1439","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1031-1439","contributorId":361676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"High","given":"Jason","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atkinson, Allison A. 0009-0001-7572-0729 aatkinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7572-0729","contributorId":330979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Allison","email":"aatkinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rydlund, Paul H. Jr. 0000-0001-9461-9944 prydlund@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9461-9944","contributorId":3840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rydlund","given":"Paul","suffix":"Jr.","email":"prydlund@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70271736,"text":"cir1561 - 2025 - ShakeAlert®—Communication, education, outreach and technical engagement strategic vision","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T15:33:50.766743","indexId":"cir1561","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1561","displayTitle":"ShakeAlert®—Communication, Education, Outreach and Technical Engagement Strategic Vision","title":"ShakeAlert®—Communication, education, outreach and technical engagement strategic vision","docAbstract":"In 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began directly supporting ShakeAlert® research and in 2012 the ShakeAlert demonstration system began testing (Given and others, 2018). The ShakeAlert earthquake early warning (EEW) system is a partnership between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the three West Coast States (Washington, Oregon, and California) served by the ShakeAlert System, which is part of the larger Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS). With more than 143 million people exposed to potentially damaging shaking in the United States (Jaiswal and others, 2015), earthquakes are a national hazard. Most of our Nation’s earthquake risk is concentrated in the highly populated areas on the active plate tectonic boundaries on the West Coast of the conterminous United States. ShakeAlert is the first public alert system in the United States to provide rapid mass notification of earthquake detection, potentially offering seconds of warning before strong shaking arrives. A few seconds may not seem like much time, but the information in ShakeAlert Messages can be used to trigger automated actions that can prevent injury or death, reduce immediate damage, and speed recovery from earthquakes.
The information product issued by the ShakeAlert system is called a ShakeAlert Message and is one of the information products and tools of the ANSS. The ShakeAlert System includes the USGS component, plus the pathways by which ShakeAlert-powered products and (or) services are delivered to end users. Alerts can be delivered to cell phones or be used to trigger automated systems to protect equipment, facilities, and infrastructure, such as slowing or stopping a train. ShakeAlert-powered automated actions can include fire house doors that can be opened to prevent jamming, heavy equipment (for example, trains, elevators, and cranes) that can be automatically stopped or parked in safe positions, and pipeline valves that can be closed to prevent surges and spills. A few seconds of warning also may be sufficient for people to take protective actions, such as drop, cover, and hold on or modified protective actions for a broad range of populations. Advance training may increase the benefit of a speedy response to an alert.
Outreach and education about EEW may raise awareness of the overall earthquake threat and how people can best react when they receive an alert or feel shaking. ShakeAlert communication, education, outreach, and technical engagement (CEO&TE) efforts are highly collaborative and essential for the success of the ShakeAlert System. This strategic vision informs how the vast ShakeAlert CEO&TE Community operates and works together. The CEO&TE Community delineates a strategic framework that is intended to set the path for a long-term, sustainable approach to CEO&TE through three focus areas and five priorities.
The enumeration of the five priorities listed below does not suggest priority ranking.
This strategic vision is a tangible outcome of collaboration among many stakeholders beginning in July 2016. Since then, the work of the ShakeAlert CEO&TE Community has grown into an international effort. The USGS has developed, tested, and implemented a broad spectrum of communication, education, and outreach tools and resources—all of which recognize that seconds matter when it comes to safety and mitigating harm from earthquake hazards. The CEO&TE social science research effort has provided invaluable insights into the ShakeAlert System’s human interface. USGS-licensed technical partners develop, test, and implement real-world applications using ShakeAlert Messages.
The success of ShakeAlert CEO&TE efforts is predicated on robust collaboration across numerous agencies, organizations, and groups. As such, this strategic vision outlines a “partnership model” that delineates roles and responsibilities to ensure alignment with focus areas and priorities. The partnership model includes the CEO&TE lead agency (USGS); its principal partners (State agencies and university partners); its implementation partners (for example, technical partners who build systems to deliver ShakeAlert-powered products and (or) services [focus area one]), earthquake education partners who work to increase public preparedness for seismic events (focus area two); and other organizations that work together to enhance the adoption and effectiveness of the ShakeAlert System. These partners collaborate and convene through a variety of working groups and forums, which are also described in this strategic vision and align with focus area three (internal engagement). The CEO&TE Community collaboratively developed its operating principles and a consensus-based, decision-making strategic framework to guide its collective work. Performance metrics are used to continually measure success. Ultimately, the USGS and ShakeAlert CEO&TE Community are advancing the ShakeAlert System that as of the publication of this strategic vision to “provide earthquake early warning for all” serves more than 50 million people.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1561","usgsCitation":"de Groot, R.M., McBride, S.K., Vinci, M.J., Lotto, G.C., Anderson, M.L., Sumy, D.F., and Terbush, B., 2025, ShakeAlert—Communication, education, outreach, and technical engagement strategic vision: U.S. Geological Survey\nCircular 1561, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1561.","productDescription":"vi, 32 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-159575","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495882,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1561/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":495886,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1561/images"},{"id":495885,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1561/cir1561.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"CIR 1561 XML"},{"id":495884,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/cir1561/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"CIR 1561 HTML"},{"id":495883,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1561/cir1561.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"CIR 1561 PDF"}],"contact":"Earthquake Science Center-Pasadena Field Office
U.S. Geological Survey
525 South Wilson Ave.
Pasadena, CA 91106-3212
Digital flood-inundation maps for a 3.1-mile reach of Río de la Plata in and near Comerío, Puerto Rico, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Water-surface profiles were computed for the stream reach by using a one-dimensional steady-state step-backwater model. The model was calibrated to the current (2025) stage-streamflow relation (rating curve 11.0) for the USGS streamgage 50043800, Río de la Plata at Comerío, Puerto Rico. The resulting hydraulic model was then used to compute 16 water-surface profiles for water levels (flood stages) ranging from 10.00 to 40.00 feet at the streamgage and ranging from “action stage” to above “major flood stage” as reported by the National Weather Service. The 40.00-foot stage was selected because it exceeds the peak stage of 34.86 ft recorded during Hurricane Maria at the USGS streamgage 50043800, Río de Plata at Comerío, Puerto Rico. The simulated water-surface profiles were then used in combination with a digital elevation model derived from light detection and ranging data to map the inundated areas associated with each flood profile.
The flood-inundation maps and the supporting hydraulic model produced by this study can be used by emergency managers and local officials to assess flood mitigation strategies and to define flood hazard areas to help protect life and property, to coordinate flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, and to aid post-flood recovery efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255094","usgsCitation":"Ostheimer, C.J., and Torres-Garcia, L.M., 2025, Flood-inundation maps for Río de la Plata in and near Comerío, Puerto Rico, 2025: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5094, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255094.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 15 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-176013","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495789,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13UOGOZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial data sets and hydraulic model for Río de la Plata in and Near Comerío, Puerto Rico"},{"id":495788,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5094/images/"},{"id":495787,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5094/sir20255094.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2025-5082 XML"},{"id":495786,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255094/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5082 HTML"},{"id":495785,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5094/sir20255094.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5082 PDF"},{"id":495780,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5094/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":497779,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118885.htm"}],"country":"United States","city":"Comerio","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico, Rio de la Plata","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.19365607546672,\n 18.268637648344637\n ],\n [\n -66.20264706241515,\n 18.27758838215894\n ],\n [\n -66.21903386120783,\n 18.274972061568477\n ],\n [\n -66.229184975504,\n 18.262991563440394\n ],\n [\n -66.22758980040052,\n 18.254728669228726\n ],\n [\n -66.24151132857823,\n 18.254590950995066\n ],\n [\n -66.24484669470401,\n 18.250734796117897\n ],\n [\n -66.26891933717856,\n 18.244950403338635\n ],\n [\n -66.26993444860818,\n 18.217403035734378\n ],\n [\n -66.26239381153299,\n 18.185167128209628\n ],\n [\n -66.25673819071034,\n 18.183238292382484\n ],\n [\n -66.2425266306957,\n 18.193984391766037\n ],\n [\n -66.24528193314764,\n 18.183789390509304\n ],\n [\n -66.22352954536923,\n 18.175247173917384\n ],\n [\n -66.20975303311035,\n 18.174696048809224\n ],\n [\n -66.2051125237173,\n 18.197290750643944\n ],\n [\n -66.18263505634692,\n 18.202112411579463\n ],\n [\n -66.16936609980282,\n 18.216851668012367\n ],\n [\n -66.16943860776185,\n 18.22635645849499\n ],\n [\n -66.17494917440196,\n 18.230488705183646\n ],\n [\n -66.17799450869079,\n 18.246878681547642\n ],\n [\n -66.19365607546672,\n 18.268637648344637\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6460 Busch Blvd, Suite 100
Columbus, OH 43229-1737
Since their first use in the mid-1980s, external passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags have facilitated innovative investigations into multiple biological traits of animals. For native freshwater mussels, PIT tags are frequently used in capture-mark-recapture applications because they allow repeated, noninvasive sampling, are easy to apply, have high retention rates, and have negligible short-term effects on growth and survival. Because of these traits, resource managers and scientists are using PIT-tagged animals to estimate survival and movement of mussels associated with restoration efforts. However, consistency is limited in how PIT tags are affixed, monitored, and reported. Thus, our objectives were to (1) share our collective experiences in PIT tagging mussels across three case studies in small, medium, and large rivers and (2) propose guidelines for tagging and reporting data from PIT tag studies with native freshwater mussels to facilitate comparisons across future studies. The number of studies that have marked mussels with PIT tags has increased over the past 10 years. The ability to detect mussels using PIT tags has substantially advanced research in three areas of mussel ecology: (1) estimating vital rates (e.g., growth and survival), (2) tracking movements and behaviors of captively propagated, wild, and translocated individuals, and (3) improving our understanding of life history traits, such as reproductive timing. Each case study offers insights on tagging methods, tag loss, tag retention, and monitoring frequency across multiple species that range in conservation status from common to rare. We conclude with best-practice guidelines for placing PIT tags on freshwater mussels and a list of variables that could be reported in future studies to facilitate cross-system comparisons.
","language":"English","publisher":"Freshwater Mollusk Conservation Society","doi":"10.31931/fmbc-d-25-00002","usgsCitation":"Tiemann, J.S., Ashton, M.J., Douglass, S.A., Stodola, A.P., Vinsel, R.M., and Newton, T.J., 2025, Pit tag application in native freshwater mussels: Case studies across small, medium, and large rivers: Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation, v. 28, no. 2, p. 71-82, https://doi.org/10.31931/fmbc-d-25-00002.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"82","ipdsId":"IP-167177","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.31931/fmbc-d-25-00002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496271,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tiemann, Jeremy S.","contributorId":361870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tiemann","given":"Jeremy","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36894,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ashton, Matthew J.","contributorId":361871,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashton","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":33964,"text":"Maryland Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglass, Sarah A.","contributorId":361872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Douglass","given":"Sarah","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36894,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stodola, Alison P.","contributorId":361873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stodola","given":"Alison","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36894,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vinsel, Rachel M.","contributorId":361875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vinsel","given":"Rachel","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36894,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Newton, Teresa J. 0000-0001-9351-5852","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-5852","contributorId":361878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newton","given":"Teresa","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":85472,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70274058,"text":"70274058 - 2025 - Breeder turnover creates allelic variation in groups of gray wolves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T16:53:42.236719","indexId":"70274058","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T10:44:27","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1890,"text":"Heredity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeder turnover creates allelic variation in groups of gray wolves","docAbstract":"Genetic diversity is an important driver affecting the health of wildlife populations. In cooperatively breeding species, human impacts and breeder turnover can affect genetic diversity in groups. We generally do not have strong inferences about how the genetic composition of a group changes through time as individuals are lost (e.g., die, emigrate) or adopted (e.g., immigrate). I wanted to know how breeder turnover, group size, and harvest affected the fluctuation of unique alleles in groups of gray wolves (Canis lupus) in Idaho, USA, during 2008–2020. Turnover of breeding males was strongly associated with allelic change in groups. Turnover of breeding females also had a strong association with allelic change in groups, but was not the most supported model. Harvest was strongly correlated with breeding female turnover but not breeding male turnover. Outside of breeding female turnover, harvest generally had little effect on allelic change in groups. Groups rarely adopted new individuals unless there was a breeding vacancy. I show that over time groups gain and lose alleles in roughly equal proportions, but there are episodic changes to alleles in groups as a function of breeding male turnover. These findings have implications for how we define and evaluate group persistence and breeder lineages in cooperative breeders. Such definitions have important implications for studying the evolution and maintenance of cooperative breeding. It may be beneficial to define characteristics and vital rates of groups based, at least in part, on their underlying genetics when such information can be obtained.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1038/s41437-025-00788-4","usgsCitation":"Ausband, D.E., 2025, Breeder turnover creates allelic variation in groups of gray wolves: Heredity, v. 134, p. 577-583, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41437-025-00788-4.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"577","endPage":"583","ipdsId":"IP-172832","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500588,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41437-025-00788-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","volume":"134","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ausband, David Edward 0000-0001-9204-9837","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9204-9837","contributorId":275329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ausband","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70271918,"text":"70271918 - 2025 - Fluid inclusion constraints on the geometry of the magmatic plumbing system beneath Mauna Loa – Part 2: Xenoliths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-25T13:17:30.283112","indexId":"70271918","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T10:25:47","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fluid inclusion constraints on the geometry of the magmatic plumbing system beneath Mauna Loa – Part 2: Xenoliths","docAbstract":"Mauna Loa volcano erupts crystal-poor material at its summit and more crystal-rich material on its rift zones. Some of the more olivine-rich lava flows contain xenoliths with diverse mineralogy, including cumulate harzburgites with high-Mg# orthopyroxenes and high-Fo olivines (both > 84). Previous experimental work and thermodynamic modelling has proposed that high-Mg# orthopyroxenes only crystallize from Mauna Loa melts at high pressures (> 6 kbar, > 20 km), leading to suggestions that there is a region of sub-Moho magma storage at Mauna Loa in addition to the geophysically imaged magma reservoir at 2–5 km depth below the summit. We use melt and fluid inclusion barometry combined with thermodynamic models to further investigate this suggestion. Fluid inclusion data from harzburgites and dunitic xenoliths yield storage depths remarkably similar to those found in non-xenolithic crystals from lavas and tephras, with a clear peak at ~ 2–3 km (below the summit). Depths from melt inclusions in these xenoliths overlap with fluid inclusion pressures, ruling out the possibility of fluid inclusion re-equilibration during a period of stalling in a shallower reservoir. We examine five different thermodynamic models and find that the minimum pressure of olivine-orthopyroxene co-saturation varies by ~ 4 kbar (~ 12 km). These models also fail to predict that orthopyroxene is stable in ~ 15–80% of compositionally relevant experimental charges which grew orthopyroxene. Overall, this shows that phase stability modelling is an unreliable method of determining magma storage depth at Mauna Loa. We suggest that model discrepancies reflect a lack of experimental constraints on orthopyroxene stability at > 1200 ℃ and 0.01–5 kbar. Based on the presence of large oikocrystic orthopyroxenes completely enclosing rounded olivine chadacrysts, we suggest that these harzburgitic xenoliths formed through the reaction of intruding melts with olivine mush piles within the Mauna Loa edifice at ~ 3 km depth below the summit, with no need for a deeper storage reservoir. The predominance of pre-eruptive shallow storage means that there is more chance of detecting reservoir destabilization with geophysical monitoring techniques compared to a scenario where melts are supplied from sub-Moho reservoirs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-025-01869-2","usgsCitation":"Wieser, P.E., Gleeson, M., Rangel, B., DeVitre, C., Bearden, A.T., Lynn, K.J., Antoshechkina, P., Gaffney, A., and Monteleone, B., 2025, Fluid inclusion constraints on the geometry of the magmatic plumbing system beneath Mauna Loa – Part 2: Xenoliths: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 87, 86, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-025-01869-2.","productDescription":"86, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176666","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496156,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-025-01869-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496014,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Mauna Loa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.33750669977726,\n 19.719087637337836\n ],\n [\n -155.9431663120125,\n 19.719087637337836\n ],\n [\n -155.9431663120125,\n 18.997816607636395\n ],\n [\n -155.33750669977726,\n 18.997816607636395\n ],\n [\n -155.33750669977726,\n 19.719087637337836\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"87","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieser, Penny E. 0000-0002-1070-8323","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1070-8323","contributorId":272601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wieser","given":"Penny","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":27136,"text":"University of Cambridge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gleeson, Matthew","contributorId":346331,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gleeson","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36942,"text":"University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rangel, Berenise","contributorId":346222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rangel","given":"Berenise","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13243,"text":"University of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeVitre, Charlotte","contributorId":346229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeVitre","given":"Charlotte","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13243,"text":"University of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bearden, Alexander T.","contributorId":361751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bearden","given":"Alexander","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":36942,"text":"University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lynn, Kendra J. 0000-0001-7886-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7886-4376","contributorId":290327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynn","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Antoshechkina, Paula 0000-0002-3358-5186","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3358-5186","contributorId":272605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Antoshechkina","given":"Paula","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7218,"text":"California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gaffney, Amy","contributorId":361752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaffney","given":"Amy","affiliations":[{"id":13621,"text":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Monteleone, Brian","contributorId":361754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monteleone","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":36711,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70271943,"text":"70271943 - 2025 - A simple predictive model for salt marsh internal deterioration under sea-level rise and sediment deficits: Application to Chesapeake Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-25T14:37:46.76289","indexId":"70271943","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T09:32:17","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A simple predictive model for salt marsh internal deterioration under sea-level rise and sediment deficits: Application to Chesapeake Bay","docAbstract":"Salt marshes are dynamic biogeomorphic systems reliant on autochthonous and allochthonous input to maintain their three-dimensional configuration. Sea-level rise, subsidence, and sediment deficits can lead to submergence, open-water expansion, and ultimately loss of the vegetated marsh plain and associated ecosystem services. Widely used management-focused models focus on vegetation zonation in response to sea level but neglect sediment transport processes and geomorphic change. Process-based research models attempt to represent complex physical and biogeomorphic interactions but operate on spatiotemporal scales that are not directly transferable to restoration or management. Here we bridge these two paradigms and present a novel geomorphic model (UBMorph) based on the sediment-based lifespan concept that accounts for sea-level rise and open-water expansion to predict changes in salt marsh area in Chesapeake Bay. Model parameters such as surface accretion rate and elevation-to-areal loss fraction are selected using a separate, fully coupled biogeomorphic model (MarshMorpho2D) and the predicted lifespan is then compared with high marsh coverage from a zonation model (SLAMM). Across all of Chesapeake Bay, UBMorph estimates an overall loss of 404 km2 (37%) of vegetated marsh area under a dynamic 3–12 mm/y sea-level rise scenario (between 2010 and 2110). We then demonstrate a management-focused application of UBMorph and SLAMM used in tandem, for developing both a marsh condition and restoration model of the Chesapeake Bay portion of Maryland. The restoration model, which includes hydrologic intervention and sediment placement actions, indicates that ~ 400 km2 of marsh require either no intervention or low effort hydrologic intervention presently, whereas if no action is taken, over 700 km2 will require high effort intervention by 2070. This synthesis of research models with management-focused decision models demonstrates a tangible advance in bridging the gap between process-based research and restoration needs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-025-01618-w","usgsCitation":"Ganju, N., Ackerman, K., Defne, Z., Mariotti, G., Curson, D., Posnik, Z., Carr, J., and Grand, J., 2025, A simple predictive model for salt marsh internal deterioration under sea-level rise and sediment deficits: Application to Chesapeake Bay: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 48, 178, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-025-01618-w.","productDescription":"178, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177384","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-025-01618-w","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496080,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.56007683480865,\n 39.662435478342644\n ],\n [\n -77.02265802866081,\n 39.662435478342644\n ],\n [\n -77.02265802866081,\n 36.851268885158845\n ],\n [\n -75.56007683480865,\n 36.851268885158845\n ],\n [\n -75.56007683480865,\n 39.662435478342644\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":202878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Kate 0000-0003-3925-721X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3925-721X","contributorId":293631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Defne, Zafer 0000-0003-4544-4310 zdefne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4544-4310","contributorId":5520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Defne","given":"Zafer","email":"zdefne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mariotti, Giulio","contributorId":207541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mariotti","given":"Giulio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37557,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Curson, David","contributorId":361793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Curson","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":86352,"text":"Audubon Mid-Atlantic","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Posnik, Zachary","contributorId":361794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Posnik","given":"Zachary","affiliations":[{"id":27800,"text":"National Audubon Society","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Carr, Joel 0000-0002-9164-4156 jcarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9164-4156","contributorId":220098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Joel","email":"jcarr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Grand, Joanna","contributorId":291964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grand","given":"Joanna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27800,"text":"National Audubon Society","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70271936,"text":"70271936 - 2025 - River-to-lake transitional areas contribute disproportionately to in-lake nutrient loading","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-25T14:31:08.098564","indexId":"70271936","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T09:22:46","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":22676,"text":"Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"River-to-lake transitional areas contribute disproportionately to in-lake nutrient loading","docAbstract":"River-to-lake transitional areas are biogeochemically active sections of the aquatic continuum that are often understudied compared to their adjoining environments. Internal nutrient loading from river-to-lake transitional areas may be a considerable source of nutrients to lakes and if overlooked disconnect upstream management initiatives from in-lake improvements. To contextualize internal nutrient loading by river-to-lake sediments, we conducted sediment core incubations and nutrient assays at 3 time points over a field season from a major contributing tributary of Lake Erie. Using statistical and spatial interpolation models, we upscaled internal nitrogen and phosphorus loading rates across the highly impaired mouth of the Maumee River, which drains into the western basin of Lake Erie. We found that internal nutrient dynamics in this river-to-lake transitional area were regulated by spatial differences in the physical composition and nutrient and organic matter contents of sediments. The Maumee river-to-lake transitional area was largely a source of phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen and a sink of nitrate nitrogen through high denitrification rates. Yet, we observed substantial temporal variation whereby internal nutrient loading was greatest in late summer coinciding with near-zero denitrification. Sediments at this time could contribute an additional ~17% more soluble reactive phosphorus and ~3% more total kjeldahl nitrogen in the bioavailable ammonium nitrogen fraction relative to the daily external nutrient load. High internal nutrient loading rates compared to more offshore areas in western Lake Erie suggest that this degraded river-to-lake transitional area has a disproportional biogeochemical significance and a high potential to contribute to nearshore water quality issues.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.34133/olar.0109","usgsCitation":"Pearce, N.J., Larson, J.H., Kreiling, R.M., Evans, M.A., Bailey, S., Gierke, K., Bartsch, L., Xenopoulos, M.A., and Frost, P.C., 2025, River-to-lake transitional areas contribute disproportionately to in-lake nutrient loading: Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research, v. 4, 0109, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.34133/olar.0109.","productDescription":"0109, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-150298","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.34133/olar.0109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496079,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","city":"Toledo","otherGeospatial":"Maumee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": 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maevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1627-7210","contributorId":149358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Mary","email":"maevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Anne","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bailey, Sean 0000-0003-0361-7914 sbailey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0361-7914","contributorId":198515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Sean","email":"sbailey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gierke, Kenna J. 0000-0002-8358-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-7825","contributorId":342009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gierke","given":"Kenna J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":949445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bartsch, Lynn 0000-0002-1483-4845","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-4845","contributorId":361779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartsch","given":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":85472,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Xenopoulos, Marguerite A. 0000-0003-2307-948X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2307-948X","contributorId":361780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xenopoulos","given":"Marguerite","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36679,"text":"Trent University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Frost, Paul C. 0000-0002-8267-1726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8267-1726","contributorId":361782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frost","given":"Paul","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36679,"text":"Trent University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70274008,"text":"70274008 - 2025 - Integrated species distribution model using historical data shows decline in a common semi-aquatic mammal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T15:59:43.189031","indexId":"70274008","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T08:54:13","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated species distribution model using historical data shows decline in a common semi-aquatic mammal","docAbstract":"Effective conservation requires an understanding of drivers of a species' distribution as well as long-term changes in their distribution. In recent decades, advances in data collection and analysis have allowed researchers to integrate a wide range of information to model species distributions, particularly by allowing presence-only data and detection-nondetection data to be formally combined in integrated species distribution models (ISDMs). However, these models are rarely used to investigate long-term trends, which are important in evaluating a species' status. Here, we use historical presence-only data of river otters (Lontra canadensis; 366 latrine locations from 1999 to 2007 and 105 locations of road-killed individuals recorded from 1999 to 2020) and 919 detection-nondetection surveys from 230 sites between 2021 and 2023 to understand the current distribution of river otters in Rhode Island, USA, as well as the changes in river otter distribution over the past two decades. We found that river otters were strongly associated with key habitat features such as streams and water, positively associated with urban areas, and tolerant of some contaminants, such as lead. Furthermore, despite uncertainties in historical river otter occurrence, we found clear supporting evidence that river otter intensity of use had declined from 1999 to 2023. This decline occurred despite being protected from harvest and in contrast to range expansions in other parts of the northeastern USA throughout the second half of the 20th century. Our results suggest the utility of this approach to detect declines in species for which historical data are available and a need for better understanding the cause of river otter declines. Where monitoring consists of opportunistically collected data, species conservation could benefit by continuing to collect these data as well as introducing designed surveys, as this would allow better integration of data types, improving trend estimation and reducing the amount of (typically more expensive) designed surveys needed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Zoological Society of London","doi":"10.1111/acv.70036","usgsCitation":"Crockett, J.G., Brown, C.B., Gerber, B., 2025, Integrated species distribution model using historical data shows decline in a common semi-aquatic mammal: Animal Conservation, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.70036.","productDescription":"15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178855","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.70036","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500410,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Blackstone River, Block Island Sound, Narragansett 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0000-0001-9285-9784","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-9784","contributorId":354265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerber","given":"Brian Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70272026,"text":"70272026 - 2025 - Amitriptyline and nortriptyline induce ocular toxicity in early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio) ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-13T15:10:44.848184","indexId":"70272026","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T08:06:59","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":18327,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Amitriptyline and nortriptyline induce ocular toxicity in early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio) ","docAbstract":"The global use of antidepressants has steadily increased, raising concern to aquatic ecosystems due to the incomplete removal during wastewater treatment. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) act on the neuronal system by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. However, despite visual function being heavily dependent on the neuronal system, a knowledge gap remains regarding the ocular toxicity of TCAs. To bridge this knowledge gap, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to sublethal test concentrations of amitriptyline (AMI, 0.3 to 300 μg/L nominal, 2.04 to 234 μg/L measured) and nortriptyline (NOR, 0.03 to 300 μg/L nominal, >0.107 to 20.7 μg/L measured), with the lowest test concentrations being environmentally relevant. Visual function was assessed with the optokinetic response assay, eye structure development was assessed histologically, and gene expression changes were analysed via transcriptomic profiling. Larval zebrafish (120 h post fertilization (hpf)) exposed to 4.99 and 234 μg/L of AMI exhibited a 26 % and 86 % decrease in the number of eye saccades respectively, with zebrafish exposed to 20.7 μg/L of NOR exhibiting a 65 % decrease. Histological analysis indicated a significant increase of the retinal pigment epithelium thickness after exposure to 234 μg/L of AMI and 20.7 μg/L of NOR. Transcriptomic analysis resulted in 1207 and 2742 differentially expressed genes across both AMI and NOR treatment groups respectively, including genes involved in vision, synaptic signaling, and neuronal development. These findings demonstrate that sublethal concentrations of AMI and NOR affect early life stage zebrafish visual development, which may be sensitive endpoint that could be incorporated into ecological risk assessments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110363","usgsCitation":"Jafari, M., Magnuson, J.T., Essfeld, F., Eilebrecht, S., Brotzmann, K., and Pampanin, D.M., 2025, Amitriptyline and nortriptyline induce ocular toxicity in early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio) : Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, v. 299, 110363, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110363.","productDescription":"110363, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177174","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110363","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496400,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"299","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jafari, Marwin","contributorId":361975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jafari","given":"Marwin","affiliations":[{"id":79410,"text":"University of Stavanger, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magnuson, Jason Tyler 0000-0001-6841-8014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6841-8014","contributorId":329838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magnuson","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"Tyler","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Essfeld, Fabian","contributorId":361977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Essfeld","given":"Fabian","affiliations":[{"id":86408,"text":"Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eilebrecht, Sebastian","contributorId":361978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eilebrecht","given":"Sebastian","affiliations":[{"id":86408,"text":"Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brotzmann, Katharina","contributorId":361979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brotzmann","given":"Katharina","affiliations":[{"id":51631,"text":"University of Heidelberg, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pampanin, Daniela M.","contributorId":361980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pampanin","given":"Daniela","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":79410,"text":"University of Stavanger, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70271717,"text":"sir20255089 - 2025 - Characterization of suspended sediment flux and streamflow trends in the Fountain Creek watershed, Colorado, 1998 through 2022","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T15:32:37.227386","indexId":"sir20255089","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-22T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5089","displayTitle":"Characterization of Suspended Sediment Flux and Streamflow Trends in the Fountain Creek Watershed, Colorado, 1998 Through 2022","title":"Characterization of suspended sediment flux and streamflow trends in the Fountain Creek watershed, Colorado, 1998 through 2022","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey evaluated long-term suspended sediment flux and streamflow datasets for temporal trends (monotonic and step trends) at 10 streamgage sites within the Fountain Creek watershed in central Colorado using the Mann-Kendall test (monotonic trend) and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (step trend). Data were collected in cooperation with Colorado Springs Stormwater Enterprise. In this study, 10 sites with long-term suspended sediment records were evaluated during their operational periods, which ranged from 1998 through 2022. To assess how stream behavior might relate to shifts in suspended sediment transport, the Richards-Baker flashiness index, a measure of flashiness, was evaluated for each site. The Richards-Baker flashiness index was calculated for the same months as streamflow and suspended sediment (April through September) using all available streamflow data for a given site. Additionally, cumulative double-mass curves were developed to define temporal variation in the relation between streamflow and suspended sediment loads. This was completed by assessing differences in slopes before and after an observed break in the double-mass curve plots.
Five streamgage sites showed statistically significant (p<0.05) negative trends for suspended sediment flux, and nonsignificant decreases were indicated at the other five sites. The statistically significant negative trends are distributed across the watershed and include smaller tributaries and the main stem of Fountain Creek closer to its confluence with the Arkansas River. Such a broad distribution of negative trends is most likely an indication of improved water quality in the watershed with regards to suspended sediment. Assessing causes for the decreases in suspended sediment loads is beyond the scope of this report; however, spatially distributed bank erosion control projects, stormflow retention projects in the watershed, and changes in climate and storm patterns could be some of the potential drivers of the suspended sediment load trends in this watershed. The flashiness of the streamflow was assessed and can be dismissed on the basis of this study as a potential driver of trends in suspended sediment flux because the magnitude of changes was found to be negligible at all sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255089","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Colorado Springs Stormwater Enterprise","usgsCitation":"Downhour, M.S., Hennessy, E.K., and Bern, C.R., 2025, Characterization of suspended sediment flux and streamflow trends in the Fountain Creek watershed, Colorado, 1998 through 2022 (ver. 1.1, December 2025): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5089, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255089.","productDescription":"Report: v, 30 p.; Data Release: Database","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-168198","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498354,"rank":9,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255089/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5089"},{"id":498313,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118883.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":498183,"rank":7,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5089/sir20255089.xml"},{"id":498182,"rank":6,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5089/images"},{"id":498156,"rank":5,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5089/versionHist.txt","size":"8.00 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2025-5089 version history"},{"id":495823,"rank":4,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","linkHelpText":"USGS water data for the Nation: U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database"},{"id":495822,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P94UW017","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Suspended Sediment Data and Loads in the Fountain Creek Watershed, Colorado (ver 2.0, June 2025)"},{"id":495821,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5089/sir20255089.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5089"},{"id":495820,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5089/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Fountain Creek watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.5,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n -105.5,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n -105.5,\n 39.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: September 22, 2025; Version 1.1: December 30, 2025","contact":"Director, Colorado Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 415
Denver, CO 80225
Supporting the overarching goal to evaluate critical minerals nationwide, the mine waste characterization effort in the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Mapping Resources Initiative has created a series of protocols to standardize sampling carried out under this effort by the participating State geological surveys and their cooperators. The protocols are based on published, reviewed methods that can be deployed in the field. The protocols include (1) collecting and processing composite samples of mine and mill waste, including tailings, waste rock, gangue, heap leach piles, ore stockpiles, slag, or other mineralized and processed materials and (2) collecting and preserving water samples from perpetual or long-term mine water sources. The protocols also specify information to document on field sheets and detail the collection of geospatial data. The analytical methods used by the USGS and USGS contract laboratories are described in this report, including the data delivery pathway for USGS-derived data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255068","programNote":"Mineral Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Campbell, K.M., Seal, R.R., Piatak, N.M., Azain, J.S., Morrison, J.M., White, S.J., Manning, A.H., Walton-Day, K., Holloway, J.M., and Wang, B., 2025, Earth Mapping Resources Initiative protocols—Sampling hard-rock mine waste and perpetual mine water sources: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5068, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255068.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 22 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-171986","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495812,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5068/sir20255068_Supplemental_AppendixFile.pdf","text":"Example Field Sheets","size":"172 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix for SIR 2025-5068","linkHelpText":"Example Earth MRI Mine Waste Characterization Field Sheets"},{"id":496041,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255068/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5068"},{"id":495811,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5068/sir20255068.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.76 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5068"},{"id":495810,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5068/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":495877,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5068/images"},{"id":495878,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5068/sir20255068.xml"}],"contact":"Director, Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 973
Denver, CO 80225
Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) are native, anadromous fish species in the Siletz River Basin, western Oregon, that face many threats to their survival in freshwater and the ocean. The Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians of Oregon seek to mitigate freshwater threats to Chinook salmon and Pacific lamprey, where possible, with habitat conservation and restoration efforts. This study was conducted to assist the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians of Oregon in documenting and understanding the hydrogeomorphic processes shaping present-day habitat conditions and assessing future habitat implications for Chinook salmon and Pacific lamprey along the main-stem Siletz River. As such, this study focused on understanding geomorphic processes and patterns of channel change, including lateral and vertical adjustments in channel position and changes in bed-material sediment (sands, gravels, and cobbles that mantle the channel bed), which collectively determine overall patterns of channel morphology and fluvial habitats. Objective One was to evaluate lateral changes in channel position, vertical changes in bed elevation, and longitudinal patterns in bed-material particle size along the Siletz River using detailed channel maps developed from aerial photographs collected from 1939 to 2016, long-term records of stage and discharge collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) near the City of Siletz, and sediment particle size data. Objective Two was to assess hydraulic conditions using one- and two-dimensional hydraulic models and transport capacity of bed-material sediment using bedload transport models and sediment particle size data for a range of discharge conditions. Objective Three was to identify potential burrowing habitat for lamprey larvae (PBH) along the Siletz River network and provide insights in local factors influencing PBH along the main-stem Siletz River. The overall findings are synthesized to describe habitat implications for Chinook salmon and Pacific lamprey under present-day and future conditions.
Results of Objective One, an evaluation of changes in channel position and bed elevations and longitudinal patterns in bed-material particle size along the Siletz River, include the following
Results of Objective Two, an evaluation of hydraulic and bedload transport conditions along the Siletz River, include the following
Results of Objective Three, an analysis of PBH for lamprey larvae, include the following
Together, these results suggest that most of the Siletz River between Wildcat Creek and the City of Siletz has had only modest vertical and lateral change between the 1930s and 2010s because of the bedrock in and along the main channel and the river’s relatively high transport capacity relative to bed-material sediment supply. However, localized sections of the Siletz River where the active channel widens, particularly at channel bends, exhibited some change in channel planform and the locations and area of gravel bars. In the future, moderate increases in autumn-winter discharge may not result in substantial changes in coarse gravel bars along the Siletz River but may result in selective transport of finer bed-material sediment (gravel, sands, and silts) that provide spawning habitats for Chinook salmon and Pacific lamprey and burrowing habitats for lamprey larvae. Assuming no substantial changes in bed-material sediment supply, increased bedload transport capacity may cause frequent entrainment of lamprey larvae that are burrowed in coarse sand deposits, suspension and downstream transport of salmon eggs incubating in gravels, and reductions in the areas of spawning gravels for Chinook salmon and Pacific lamprey. Exact implications of current and future discharge conditions for these species along the Siletz River depends on many factors, including sediment supply, local hydraulics, and the timing of flood events relative to fish life stages.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255063","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians of Oregon","usgsCitation":"Jones, K.L., Keith, M.K., Harden, T.M., White, J.S., van de Wetering, S., and Dunham, J.B., 2025, Assessment of\nchannel morphology, hydraulics, and bedload transport along the Siletz River, western Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey\nScientific Investigations Report 2025–5063, 95 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255063.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 95 p.; 5 Data Releases","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-127308","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496021,"rank":11,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118884.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":495760,"rank":10,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5063/sir20255063.XML"},{"id":495758,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1489NN8","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"One- and two-dimensional hydraulic models for the Siletz River, Oregon"},{"id":495757,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1N35MQN","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water surface elevation data from the Siletz River, 2017–18"},{"id":495751,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5063/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":495752,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5063/sir20255063.pdf","text":"Report","size":"28.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5063"},{"id":495753,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255063/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5063"},{"id":495754,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9AWWRA0","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Active channel mapping for the Siletz River, Oregon, 1939 to 2016"},{"id":495755,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96ZXPP","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Surficial and subsurface grain-size data for the Siletz River, Oregon, 2017–18"},{"id":495756,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TIADK3","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Modeled bedload transport capacity for the Siletz River, Oregon"},{"id":495759,"rank":9,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5063/images"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Siletz River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.1,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -124.1,\n 44.333\n ],\n [\n -123.5,\n 44.333\n ],\n [\n -123.5,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -124.1,\n 45\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
601 SW 2nd Avenue, Suite 1950
Portland, OR 97204
The Upper Mississippi River Restoration (UMRR) program, a broad partnership of State and Federal agencies administered by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, integrates ecosystem monitoring, research, and modeling to rehabilitate habitat and evaluate ecosystem trends over time in the Upper Mississippi River System. Hydrologic data are integral to the UMRR program because they are used in scientific research, decision-making, and restoration project planning. However, a lack of quantitative hydrologic data representing potential future conditions limits the ability to complete informative research on how future conditions may affect river ecology, achieve management goals, and design restoration projects for 50-year horizons.
The U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers led a series of workshops with UMRR partners to (1) prioritize needs for understanding future hydrology, (2) discuss appropriate datasets that could address these needs, and (3) develop a plan for acquiring and distributing a hydrologic dataset of potential future conditions. Agency priorities for understanding future hydrology were broad, spanning ecologic, geomorphic, resource management, and engineering disciplines, and were identified for a range of spatial (project site, navigation pool, reach, system) and temporal (daily, seasonal, annual) scales. The LOcalized Constructed Analogs-Variable Infiltration Capacity-mizuRoute hydrologic data products were identified as a potential source of off-the-shelf data to meet UMRR priority needs but warranted a robust quantitative evaluation. The final meeting in the series scoped a proposal to evaluate the LOcalized Constructed Analogs-Variable Infiltration Capacity-mizuRoute hydrologic data products for use in UMRR applications, including contingencies if the data were determined to be unreliable.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251050","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Van Appledorn, M., and Sawyer, L., 2025, Upper Mississippi River Restoration future hydrology meeting series: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1050, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251050.","productDescription":"vii, 93 p.","numberOfPages":"106","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-144284","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495840,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1050/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":495844,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251050/full"},{"id":495843,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1050/images/"},{"id":495842,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1050/ofr20251050.XML"},{"id":495841,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1050/ofr20251050.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025-1050"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.2103238355043,\n 37.043422473537504\n ],\n [\n -87.69596012242188,\n 41.69069025518516\n ],\n [\n -89.11501122546446,\n 44.87351523241463\n ],\n [\n -89.14678376857329,\n 46.12049934311611\n ],\n [\n -92.37672035941334,\n 46.134727618766064\n ],\n [\n -94.31468231391703,\n 47.910742701911886\n ],\n [\n -96.86686171848238,\n 47.08812323847167\n ],\n [\n -94.08172387608387,\n 40.82297944373079\n ],\n [\n -89.40096330837447,\n 37.051916822243555\n ],\n [\n -89.2103238355043,\n 37.043422473537504\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2630 Fanta Reed Road
La Crosse, Wisconsin 54603
A series of workshops was held so participants from several agencies could work together to prioritize needs for understanding future hydrologic scenarios, discuss appropriate datasets that could address these needs, and develop a plan for acquiring and distributing a hydrologic dataset representing potential future conditions. Agency priorities for understanding future hydrology spanned ecologic, geomorphic, resource management, and engineering disciplines and were identified for a range of spatial (project site, navigation pool, reach, system) and temporal (daily, seasonal, annual) scales. Participants described desired characteristics of a hydrologic dataset of potential future conditions that could meet agency priority needs and developed a workflow to evaluate a readily available data product.
","publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Appledorn, Molly 0000-0002-8029-0014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8029-0014","contributorId":205785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Appledorn","given":"Molly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sawyer, Lucie","contributorId":345904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"Lucie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70272029,"text":"70272029 - 2025 - A regional model comparison between MODPATH and MT3D of groundwater travel time distributions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-01T16:48:27.452347","indexId":"70272029","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-22T10:56:36","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A regional model comparison between MODPATH and MT3D of groundwater travel time distributions","docAbstract":"Groundwater quality changes in wells and streams lag behind changes to land use due to groundwater travel times. Two contaminant transport methods were compared to assess differences in their simulated travel time distributions (TTDs) to streams and wells in the Wisconsin Central Sands. MODPATH simulates advective groundwater flow with particle tracking, while MT3D simulates age-mass using a finite difference solution without dispersion to allow for direct comparison of the two methods. MODPATH appropriately simulates groundwater TTDs from the water table to surface discharge but is subject to inaccuracies at weak-sink well cells due to the flow-model grid discretization and imprecise location of well discharge within well cells. MT3D better represents weak-sink well cells since it removes mass in proportion to the prescribed pumping rate, although travel time within well cells is neglected. Conversely, MT3D's treatment of surface water boundary cells is not as accurate as MODPATH because mass should be removed from the water table rather than the full cell volume. MT3D simulations of TTDs can also be confounded by the instantaneous vertical distribution of mass introduced throughout recharge cells instead of at the water table, which initiates mass along deeper flow paths. We evaluated 9 MODPATH and 13 MT3D implementations, generating differences in median travel times of up to 18 years. Both methods have strengths and weaknesses, with MT3D better representing weak-sink well cell behavior and MODPATH better representing surficial recharge and discharge. The effect of these characteristics on simulated TTDs, along with ideas for ameliorating method weaknesses, is discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.70024","usgsCitation":"Baker, E.A., Juckem, P., Feinstein, D.T., and Hart, D., 2025, A regional model comparison between MODPATH and MT3D of groundwater travel time distributions: Groundwater, v. 63, no. 6, p. 861-873, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70024.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"861","endPage":"873","ipdsId":"IP-174512","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496428,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70024","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496413,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Central Sands study area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.76677243303999,\n 44.62588647709572\n ],\n [\n -89.76677243303999,\n 43.759169553502744\n ],\n [\n -88.89566146882221,\n 43.759169553502744\n ],\n [\n -88.89566146882221,\n 44.62588647709572\n ],\n [\n -89.76677243303999,\n 44.62588647709572\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, Emily A. 0000-0003-3443-5419","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-5419","contributorId":361983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Emily","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":86409,"text":"Hamilton College, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Juckem, Paul 0000-0002-3613-1761 pfjuckem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-1761","contributorId":214445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"Paul","email":"pfjuckem@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feinstein, Daniel T. 0000-0003-1151-2530","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1151-2530","contributorId":361984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feinstein","given":"Daniel","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":40828,"text":"University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hart, David J. 0000-0001-8027-480X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8027-480X","contributorId":292693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hart","given":"David J.","affiliations":[{"id":39043,"text":"Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70272007,"text":"70272007 - 2025 - Persistence of a declining anuran species across its distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-30T15:04:08.866478","indexId":"70272007","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-22T07:50:48","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Persistence of a declining anuran species across its distribution","docAbstract":"Information on a species’ population dynamics, such as changes in abundance and distribution, can be used to identify declining populations and initiate conservation efforts and protections. For the Ornate Chorus Frog (Pseudacris ornata), anecdotal observations of local extirpation and population declines have been noted, but trends in its range-wide population status are generally unknown. We used 2227 verified records of Ornate Chorus Frog presence from across the species’ distribution, grouped into 407 populations, and a modified Cormack-Jolly-Seber survival analysis to estimate the probability that historical Ornate Chorus Frog populations persist in the year 2024. Our results suggested that > 36% of historical Ornate Chorus Frog populations are possibly extirpated (probability of persistence < 0.5) and that 33% of populations had a probability of persistence > 0.9. Many of these extant populations occurred in northwestern Florida, southeastern Alabama, and southern Georgia, USA. The probability of persistence was positively influenced by habitat suitability and mean winter precipitation and negatively influenced by urban imperviousness. Ornate Chorus Frogs in protected areas had a higher average probability of persistence compared to populations that were not in protected areas. Our study fills a knowledge gap by identifying regions where Ornate Chorus Frog populations are likely thriving and regions where they may be extinct.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0332991","usgsCitation":"Koen, E.L., Ellington, E.H., Barichivich, W.J., Kochman, H., Enge, K.M., and Walls, S.E., 2025, Persistence of a declining anuran species across its distribution: PLoS ONE, v. 20, no. 9, e0332991, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0332991.","productDescription":"e0332991, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-174507","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0332991","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496261,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"southeastern United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.71784743874963,\n 31.75977874337856\n ],\n [\n -91.41887328015432,\n 30.0038991640329\n ],\n [\n -81.31625954563552,\n 29.20277624190848\n ],\n [\n -76.06558770828089,\n 36.35992621029155\n ],\n [\n -78.31479749126278,\n 36.381895038050445\n ],\n [\n -79.79602141182846,\n 34.412235399163784\n ],\n [\n -83.52645511537602,\n 32.46454458803602\n ],\n [\n -86.36151154434091,\n 32.65274179593238\n ],\n [\n -88.57486167831063,\n 31.21366512354828\n ],\n [\n -91.71784743874963,\n 31.75977874337856\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koen, Erin L. 0000-0001-9481-7692","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9481-7692","contributorId":330539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koen","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":78927,"text":"Cherokee Nation Systems Solutions","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellington, Edward Hance","contributorId":361948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellington","given":"Edward","middleInitial":"Hance","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barichivich, William J. 0000-0003-1103-6861","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-6861","contributorId":216371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barichivich","given":"William","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kochman, Howard","contributorId":347042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kochman","given":"Howard","affiliations":[{"id":12545,"text":"USGS retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Enge, Kevin M.","contributorId":361950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Enge","given":"Kevin","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Walls, Susan E. 0000-0001-7391-9155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":209862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70271928,"text":"70271928 - 2025 - Bears avoid residential neighborhoods in response to the experimental reduction of anthropogenic attractants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-24T14:52:24.787526","indexId":"70271928","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-22T07:45:27","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3910,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","onlineIssn":"2296-701X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bears avoid residential neighborhoods in response to the experimental reduction of anthropogenic attractants","docAbstract":"Introduction: Urbanization is an extreme form of land use alteration, with human development driving changes in the distribution of resources available to wildlife. Some large carnivores have learned to exploit anthropogenic food resources in urban development, resulting in human-carnivore conflict that can have detrimental impacts to people and carnivores, as exemplified by American black bears. Management agencies commonly promote the use of bear-resistant garbage containers for reducing conflicts, but little is known about the actual behavioral responses of bears to this intervention.
Methods: To understand whether black bears alter their behavior in response to changes in residential waste management, we investigated patterns of bear behavior in Durango, Colorado, where anthropogenic attractants were experimentally manipulated. Using location data from collared black bears, we modeled resource selection and movement in response to areas that had received bear-resistant garbage containers compared to those that did not.
Results: Bears avoided residential areas where garbage availability had been reduced, and this avoidance response increased over subsequent years, potentially suggesting that bears were learning from the management intervention. Bear movement rates, however, were not notably affected by the garbage reduction.
Discussion: Our findings highlight the importance of reducing the availability of anthropogenic attractants for changing bear behavior and reducing risk of urban human-bear conflict, and that these responses can strengthen over time as bears learn from the management intervention.
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