No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineral deposits of China","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","usgsCitation":"Xie, Y., Verplanck, P., Hou, Z., and Zhong, R., 2019, Rare earth element deposits in China: A review and new understandings, chap. 12 of Mineral deposits of China, p. 509-552.","productDescription":"44 p.","startPage":"509","endPage":"552","ipdsId":"IP-090711","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science 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Beijing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhong, Richen","contributorId":212815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhong","given":"Richen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38687,"text":"University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70205893,"text":"ofr20191116 - 2019 - Evaluating legacy effects of hyperabundant white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in forested stands of Harriman and Bear Mountain State Parks, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-04T18:38:01.256412","indexId":"ofr20191116","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-11T11:05:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-1116","displayTitle":"Evaluating Legacy Effects of Hyperabundant White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Forested Stands of Harriman and Bear Mountain State Parks, New York","title":"Evaluating legacy effects of hyperabundant white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in forested stands of Harriman and Bear Mountain State Parks, New York","docAbstract":"White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are among the most impactful herbivores in the eastern United States. Legacy forest effects, those accrued from intense herbivory over time, manifest as low seedling regeneration, high cover of plant species that are infrequently browsed by deer, presence or expansion of nonnative or invasive plant species, few herbaceous species, and diminished capacity for recovery. Interfering vegetation (that is, species that increase in cover and density due to avoidance by deer, such as American beech sprouts, Pennsylvania sedge, and hay-scented fern) increase competition for light and hinder recruitment of trees into the forest canopy.
The lower Hudson Valley in New York has been heavily browsed by white-tailed deer since the early 20th century. The region has some of the lowest tree regeneration rates in New York State as a result of deer browsing and subsequent increases in interfering vegetation. The U.S. Geological Survey and the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry studied sites where deer hunting is permitted (case sites) and nearby sites where hunting is currently prohibited (control sites) to assess and identify forest structure and composition differences.
Instead of using deer exclosures, which are time-consuming and expensive to install and maintain, we used a case-control study because such studies are well-suited to effects with long latency and rare outcomes. Case-control studies seek to describe the relation between an outcome of interest (in this study, forest understory recovery from chronic herbivory) and forest condition. We inferred recovery by comparing these characteristics on adjacent sites in the lower Hudson Valley with similar forest communities and land uses but different deer population management histories. Case plots were on lands where deer management has taken place annually for several decades. Control plots were on lands where deer populations have not been consistently managed to lowered abundance. We accounted for differences in forest recovery not attributable to deer by first matching case and control plots along several important environmental gradients (slope, aspect, elevation, moisture, canopy openness). By controlling for these gradients, we looked for associations between measured forest conditions and deer herbivory reduction through population management.
We surveyed more than 200 plots in upland forest types across case and control sites where we assessed forest condition by estimating density (number per unit area) and composition and cover (percent) of important vegetation constituents in ground, shrub, subcanopy, and canopy layers of the forest. We recorded 37 tree species, 22 shrub species, 57 herbaceous species, and 19 species of grasses and sedges in our plot surveys, including a number of nonnative and invasive plants. We also estimated the ages of a number of common canopy trees by counting rings from cores extracted from individual stems.
Effects of more than 100 years of chronic deer browsing manifested in low herbaceous ground cover and little to no tree recruitment (saplings) on lands without deer management. In contrast, sustained deer management resulted in forests with conditions that indicated substantial recovery from chronic herbivory in the ground, shrub, and subcanopy layers. Sites with ongoing deer management exhibited greater ground cover of tree seedlings and herbs and less ground cover of interfering vegetation and nonnative species. The well-developed sub-canopy layer of small trees, saplings, and tall shrubs on sites with deer management indicates a high potential for sapling recruitment to the canopy of the future forest.
Of the 25 subcanopy trees sampled on control sites, most were more than 100 years old, indicating little to no regeneration in areas sampled for more than 100 years. The forest canopy, a relic of land uses of bygone days, requires a source of young trees to replace itself as older trees die. Without an abundant layer of young trees in the subcanopy, a forest cannot be sustained over time. Reduction in deer herbivory promotes forest recovery and could benefit Harriman and Bear Mountain State Parks (the control sites for the study), but removal of interfering vegetation may be necessary to mitigate legacy effects where they currently hinder ground layer recovery. To successfully promote a more desirable forest condition that includes elimination of nonnative plant species, promotion of tree recruitment into the forest canopy, and development of diverse and abundant herbaceous cover in ground layer vegetation, future management decisions could include information on herbivory reduction and management of interfering vegetation where necessary.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20191116","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Parks, Recreation, and Historic Preservation","usgsCitation":"Kilheffer, C.R., Underwood, H.B., Leopold, D.J., and Guerrieri, R., 2019, Evaluating legacy effects of hyperabundant white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in forested stands of Harriman and Bear Mountain State Parks, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1116, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191116.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 35 p.; Dataset","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-111113","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369987,"rank":2,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/3ZFKFS","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"- Data for evaluation of effects of white-tailed deer at Harriman and Bear Mountain State Parks, New York"},{"id":370098,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1116/ofr20191116.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2019-1116"},{"id":369982,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1116/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Harriman, Bear Mountain State Parks","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-73.9525,41.59],[-73.9526,41.5841],[-73.9578,41.5751],[-73.9685,41.562],[-73.9866,41.5472],[-73.9948,41.5374],[-73.9975,41.526],[-73.9985,41.4788],[-74.0002,41.4543],[-73.9997,41.4498],[-73.9955,41.4475],[-73.9869,41.4451],[-73.9828,41.4401],[-73.9703,41.4222],[-73.9643,41.4135],[-73.9573,41.4016],[-73.9495,41.3947],[-73.9507,41.3916],[-73.9546,41.3834],[-73.9586,41.3699],[-73.9621,41.3472],[-73.9653,41.3432],[-73.9696,41.3391],[-73.9765,41.3338],[-73.9821,41.3279],[-73.9834,41.3248],[-73.9829,41.3212],[-73.971,41.306],[-73.9601,41.2982],[-73.9474,41.2921],[-73.9444,41.2907],[-73.9439,41.288],[-73.9476,41.2853],[-73.9638,41.271],[-73.9694,41.2652],[-73.9726,41.2616],[-73.9732,41.2584],[-73.9739,41.2552],[-73.9722,41.2511],[-73.9668,41.247],[-73.959,41.2378],[-73.9334,41.2057],[-73.9222,41.1888],[-73.9104,41.1705],[-73.8922,41.1417],[-73.8905,41.1321],[-73.892,41.0968],[-73.892,41.0677],[-73.8899,41.0523],[-73.8936,40.9965],[-73.9015,40.9976],[-73.9057,40.9994],[-73.9841,41.0339],[-74.0005,41.0409],[-74.0246,41.0521],[-74.1533,41.1098],[-74.2129,41.1344],[-74.2253,41.1395],[-74.2338,41.1431],[-74.3179,41.1791],[-74.3259,41.1823],[-74.3343,41.1864],[-74.3677,41.2033],[-74.3831,41.2111],[-74.4101,41.2248],[-74.5363,41.284],[-74.605,41.3152],[-74.6492,41.3359],[-74.6955,41.3576],[-74.6913,41.3598],[-74.6901,41.3621],[-74.69,41.3639],[-74.6912,41.3662],[-74.6934,41.3683],[-74.6938,41.3688],[-74.6962,41.3713],[-74.6985,41.373],[-74.7011,41.3753],[-74.7064,41.3803],[-74.7105,41.3842],[-74.7126,41.3866],[-74.7137,41.389],[-74.7154,41.3917],[-74.7175,41.3929],[-74.7205,41.3947],[-74.7247,41.3958],[-74.7278,41.3963],[-74.732,41.3973],[-74.7349,41.3987],[-74.7376,41.4003],[-74.7392,41.4025],[-74.7409,41.4066],[-74.7421,41.4094],[-74.7419,41.4103],[-74.7415,41.4123],[-74.7412,41.4145],[-74.7405,41.4166],[-74.7391,41.4197],[-74.7384,41.4229],[-74.7376,41.4261],[-74.7389,41.4286],[-74.7408,41.4298],[-74.7438,41.4305],[-74.7461,41.4303],[-74.7487,41.4287],[-74.7506,41.4274],[-74.7523,41.4328],[-74.7535,41.4373],[-74.7559,41.4401],[-74.7589,41.4451],[-74.7601,41.4501],[-74.7588,41.4573],[-74.7557,41.4614],[-74.7514,41.4659],[-74.7513,41.4686],[-74.7537,41.4741],[-74.7579,41.4814],[-74.7597,41.4868],[-74.7591,41.4896],[-74.756,41.4923],[-74.7541,41.4945],[-74.5928,41.4989],[-74.4781,41.5031],[-74.4743,41.5085],[-74.4688,41.5139],[-74.4668,41.522],[-74.4599,41.5302],[-74.4488,41.5364],[-74.4469,41.5423],[-74.4338,41.5545],[-74.4276,41.5589],[-74.4201,41.5666],[-74.4084,41.5724],[-74.3985,41.5778],[-74.3941,41.5809],[-74.3867,41.5854],[-74.3749,41.5889],[-74.3675,41.5916],[-74.3583,41.5938],[-74.3521,41.5982],[-74.3404,41.5954],[-74.3187,41.6084],[-74.3156,41.6115],[-74.2989,41.6182],[-74.281,41.6257],[-74.2754,41.6284],[-74.2667,41.6324],[-74.2606,41.6337],[-74.2502,41.6291],[-74.25,41.6059],[-74.2458,41.6036],[-74.1907,41.5913],[-74.187,41.5908],[-74.1858,41.5944],[-74.1282,41.5833],[-74.1325,41.6152],[-74.1246,41.6133],[-74.0983,41.6089],[-74.0886,41.5988],[-74.0677,41.604],[-74.0575,41.5926],[-74.0521,41.5816],[-73.9999,41.5855],[-73.9525,41.59]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Orange\",\"state\":\"NY\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12100 Beech Forest Road
Laurel, MD 20708-4039
Understanding the spatial ecology of sturgeon (Acipenseridae) has proven to be a challenge due to the life history characteristics of these fish, especially their long life span, intermittent spawning, and long‐distance migrations. Within the Huron‐Erie Corridor (HEC) of the Laurentian Great Lakes, habitat use of 247 lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens ) was monitored over a three‐year period (2015–2017) with acoustic transmitters. Extensive spatial coverage of receivers throughout the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and Detroit River between Lake Huron and Lake Erie (~150 km) allowed for continuous monitoring of the movements of acoustic‐tagged individuals. Sequence analysis of individual detection histories was used to describe lake sturgeon habitat use and to determine (1) whether distinct habitat‐use patterns occurred within the HEC; (2) whether the range of habitats occupied varied across seasons among sturgeon grouped by common patterns; and (3) whether variation identified was related to tagging sites in the two rivers or sex. Lake sturgeon were active throughout the HEC, but five distinct habitat‐use patterns were identified. River residents were not broadly distributed across entire rivers, but rather associated with particular segments (middle Detroit River, St. Clair River delta). Variations in habitat‐use sequences were in part related to three river tagging sites, but not sex, and did not produce groups with sequences that reflected all five habitat‐use patterns derived from cluster analysis. Lake sturgeon distribution was reduced to fewer habitat segments during winter and expanded to the maximum extent during the spring and summer. Conservation planning that incorporates behavioral diversity of habitat use is relatively rare due to a lack of observations on movements of individuals at biologically relevant spatial and temporal scales, but using telemetry and sequence analysis methods may promote the success of conservation and restoration efforts.
The iron oxide-apatite (IOA) deposits of the eastern Adirondack Highlands, New York, are historical high-grade magnetite mines that contain variable concentrations of rare earth element (REE)-bearing apatite crystals. The majority of the deposits are hosted within sodically altered Lyon Mountain granite gneiss, although some deposits occur within paragneiss, gabbro, anorthosite, or potassically altered Lyon Mountain granite gneiss. The IOA deposits and the waste and/or tailings piles associated with them have potential as an unconventional resource for REEs. Reprocessing of these piles would have the advantage of partial recycling of the waste material to produce a set of critical elements.
Thirty-four ore, nine rock, 25 waste-pile, and four tailings-pile samples were collected and analyzed for major, minor, and trace elements. At the tailings- and waste-pile sites, composite samples were collected by combining 30 to >50 subsamples randomly distributed over each pile. The total REE content of the waste and tailings piles varied from approximately 10 to 22,000 ppm, whereas the ore sample concentrations ranged from approximately 15 to 48,000 ppm total REEs. A positive correlation exists between the total REE content of ore and its associated waste pile. Median light REE/heavy REE values were 2.14 for waste/tailings piles and 2.25 for ore, which is a substantial relative enrichment in the heavy REEs in comparison to many developed REE mines, such as the mined carbonatites of Bayan Obo, China, and Mountain Pass, California. Importantly, the ore and waste samples are significantly enriched in both Y and Nd compared to other REEs in the samples. Other minor components such as Th are also elevated. Airborne radiometric surveys show large positive eTh and eU anomalies corresponding to tailings piles.
Although it is a limited data set, geochemical data of unaltered and altered host rocks suggest a speculative new model for IOA ore formation in the Adirondack Highlands that is consistent with the geology and previously published data. The ferroan ore-hosting Lyon Mountain granite gneiss underwent localized potassic alteration that enriched the altered rock in Fe, REEs, Th, and other metals. A later sodic alteration event affected the previously potassically altered Lyon Mountain granite gneiss, which increased rock porosity and remobilized Fe, REEs, and other elements from the host rock into the iron ore seams. The sodic fluids responsible for ore formation were enriched in F and Cl.
Conservation of at‐risk species is aided by reliable forecasts of the consequences of environmental change and management actions on population viability. Forecasts from conventional population viability analysis (PVA) are made using a two‐step procedure in which parameters are estimated, or elicited from expert opinion, and then plugged into a stochastic population model without accounting for parameter uncertainty. Recently developed statistical PVAs differ because forecasts are made conditional on models fitted to empirical data. The statistical forecasting approach allows for uncertainty about parameters, but it has rarely been applied in metapopulation contexts where spatially explicit inference is needed about colonization and extinction dynamics and other forms of stochasticity that influence metapopulation viability. We conducted a statistical metapopulation viability analysis (MPVA) using 11 yr of data on the federally threatened Chiricahua leopard frog (Lithobates chiricahuensis) to forecast responses to landscape heterogeneity, drought, environmental stochasticity, and management. We evaluated several future environmental scenarios and pond restoration options designed to reduce extinction risk. Forecasts over a 50‐yr time horizon indicated that metapopulation extinction risk was <4% for all scenarios, but uncertainty was high. Without pond restoration, extinction risk is forecasted to be 3.9% (95% CI 0–37%) by year 2066. Restoring six ponds by increasing their hydroperiod reduced extinction risk to <1% and greatly reduced uncertainty (95% CI 0–2%). Our results suggest that managers can mitigate the impacts of drought and environmental stochasticity on metapopulation viability by maintaining ponds that hold water throughout the year and keeping them free of invasive predators. Our study illustrates the utility of the spatially explicit statistical forecasting approach to MPVA in conservation planning efforts.
Globally, aquatic biodiversity is imperiled at an increasing rate, especially in diversity hotspots such as the southeastern USA. The spotfin chub Erimonax monachus is a federally threatened minnow with a disjunct distribution resulting from numerous impoundments on the Tennessee River and its tributaries in the heart of the southeastern USA. Recovery actions required to remove federal protection for E. monachus are dependent on the establishment of additional populations within the historical range of the species, but little is known regarding macroscale habitat requirements that could guide conservation planning. We analyzed local- and network-scale watershed attributes to develop an ecological niche model (ENM) for E. monachus useful for directing conservation actions at sampled and unsampled sites across the Tennessee River Basin. We found E. monachus occurred most often in larger streams with large upstream catchment areas and minimal alteration to forested uplands, but all of these sites were in close proximity to high densities of downstream dams due to populations being restricted to large-stream habitat upstream of reservoirs. The ENM showed the highest probability of E. monachus occurrence among catchment locations with known extant populations; however, additional historical and previously unoccupied catchments showed potential for successful (re)introductions, provided that fine-scale habitats are appropriate. Our framework can be used to identify potential survey and (re)introduction sites for E. monachus as well as other rare riverine fishes and represents a method for identifying areas of high priority for conserving aquatic biodiversity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Publisher","doi":"10.3354/esr00983","usgsCitation":"Perkin, J., Gibbs, W.K., Ridgway, J.L., and Cook, S.B., 2019, Riverscape correlates for distribution of threatened spotfin chub Erimonax monachus in the Tennessee River Basin, USA: Endangered Species Research, v. 40, p. 91-105, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00983.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"105","ipdsId":"IP-105866","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00983","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377530,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Tennessee River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.450927734375,\n 34.07086232376631\n ],\n [\n -81.112060546875,\n 34.07086232376631\n ],\n [\n -81.112060546875,\n 37.09023980307208\n ],\n [\n -88.450927734375,\n 37.09023980307208\n ],\n [\n -88.450927734375,\n 34.07086232376631\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perkin, Joshuah S.","contributorId":238286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perkin","given":"Joshuah S.","affiliations":[{"id":47708,"text":"Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibbs, W. Keith","contributorId":238287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbs","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":47709,"text":"Department of Biology, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ridgway, Josey Lee 0000-0003-4157-7255","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4157-7255","contributorId":238277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridgway","given":"Josey","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cook, S. Bradford","contributorId":238288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Bradford","affiliations":[{"id":47709,"text":"Department of Biology, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70205989,"text":"70205989 - 2019 - Plant and insect herbivore community variation across the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in the Hanna Basin, southeastern Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-21T06:33:12","indexId":"70205989","displayToPublicDate":"2019-10-15T10:55:17","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3840,"text":"PeerJ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plant and insect herbivore community variation across the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in the Hanna Basin, southeastern Wyoming","docAbstract":"Ecosystem function and stability are highly affected by internal and external stressors. Utilizing paleobotanical data gives insight into the evolutionary processes an ecosystem undergoes across long periods of time, allowing for a more complete understanding of how plant and insect herbivore communities are affected by ecosystem imbalance. To study how plant and insect herbivore communities change during times of disturbance, we quantified community turnover across the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in the Hanna Basin, southeastern Wyoming. This particular location is unlike other nearby Laramide basins because it has an abundance of late Paleocene and Eocene coal and carbonaceous shales and paucity of well-developed paleosols, suggesting perpetually high water availability. We sampled approximately 800 semi-intact dicot leaves from five stratigraphic levels, one of which occurs late in the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM). Field collections were supplemented with specimens at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science. Fossil leaves were classified into morphospecies and herbivore damage was documented for each leaf. We tested for changes in plant and insect herbivore damage diversity using rarefaction and community composition using non-metric multidimensional scaling ordinations. We also documented changes in depositional environment at each stratigraphic level to better contextualize the environment of the basin. Plant diversity was highest during the mid-late Paleocene and decreased into the Eocene, whereas damage diversity was highest at the sites with low plant diversity. Plant communities significantly changed during the late PETM and do not return to pre-PETM composition. Insect herbivore communities also changed during the PETM, but, unlike plant communities, rebound to their pre-PETM structure. These results suggest that insect herbivore communities responded more strongly to plant community composition than to the diversity of species present.","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ, Inc","doi":"10.7717/peerj.7798","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, L.E., Dunn, R.E., Mercer, J.J., Dechesne, M., and Currano, E.D., 2019, Plant and insect herbivore community variation across the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in the Hanna Basin, southeastern Wyoming: PeerJ, no. 7, e7798, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7798.","productDescription":"e7798, 27 p.","ipdsId":"IP-105607","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459519,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7798","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":368336,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Carbon","otherGeospatial":"Hanna Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.35589599609375,\n 41.000629848685385\n ],\n [\n -105.7269287109375,\n 41.000629848685385\n ],\n [\n -105.7269287109375,\n 41.34176252711261\n ],\n [\n -106.35589599609375,\n 41.34176252711261\n ],\n [\n -106.35589599609375,\n 41.000629848685385\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Lauren E","contributorId":219800,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":34987,"text":"University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunn, Regan E","contributorId":219801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunn","given":"Regan","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":40073,"text":"The Field Museum, Chicago","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mercer, Jason J","contributorId":219802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mercer","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":34987,"text":"University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dechesne, Marieke 0000-0002-4468-7495","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4468-7495","contributorId":213936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dechesne","given":"Marieke","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Currano, Ellen D","contributorId":219803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Currano","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":34987,"text":"University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70215263,"text":"70215263 - 2019 - Dynamically triggered changes of plate interface coupling in Southern Cascadia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-15T13:51:33.558951","indexId":"70215263","displayToPublicDate":"2019-10-14T11:47:45","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamically triggered changes of plate interface coupling in Southern Cascadia","docAbstract":"In Southern Cascadia, precise Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements spanning about 15 years reveal steady deformation due to locking on the Cascadia megathrust punctuated by transient deformation from large earthquakes and episodic tremor and slip events. Near the Mendocino Triple Junction, however, we recognize several abrupt GNSS velocity changes that reflect a different process. After correcting for earthquakes and seasonal loading, we find that several dozen GNSS time series show spatially coherent east‐west velocity changes of ~2 mm/yr and that these changes coincide in time with regional M > 6.5 earthquakes. We consider several hypotheses and propose that dynamically triggered changes in megathrust coupling best explain the data. Our inversions locate the coupling changes slightly updip of the tremor‐producing zone. We speculate that fluid exchange surrounding the tremor region may be important. Such observations of transient coupling changes are rare and challenging to explain mechanistically but have important implications for earthquake processes on faults.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2019gl084395","usgsCitation":"Materna, K.Z., Bartlow, N., Wech, A., Williams, C., and Burgmann, R., 2019, Dynamically triggered changes of plate interface coupling in Southern Cascadia: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 46, no. 22, p. 12890-12899, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl084395.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"12890","endPage":"12899","ipdsId":"IP-108740","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl084395","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Southern Cascadia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -126.0791015625,\n 39.45316112807394\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 39.45316112807394\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -126.0791015625,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -126.0791015625,\n 39.45316112807394\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Materna, Kathryn Z. 0000-0002-6687-980X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6687-980X","contributorId":209697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Materna","given":"Kathryn","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":13693,"text":"University of Colorado Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartlow, Noel 0000-0002-9961-5608","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9961-5608","contributorId":242895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartlow","given":"Noel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6773,"text":"University of Kansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wech, Aaron 0000-0003-4983-1991","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-1991","contributorId":202561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wech","given":"Aaron","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Charles 0000-0001-7435-9196","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7435-9196","contributorId":243027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36277,"text":"GNS Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burgmann, Roland","contributorId":192700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burgmann","given":"Roland","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70206516,"text":"70206516 - 2019 - Conservation of temporary wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-02T14:13:04","indexId":"70206516","displayToPublicDate":"2019-10-09T14:12:56","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Conservation of temporary wetlands","docAbstract":"Temporary wetlands are characterized by frequent drying resulting in a unique, highly specialized assemblage of often rare or specialized plant and animal species. They are found on all continents and in a variety of landscape settings. Although accurate estimates of the abundance of temporary wetlands are available in only a few countries, global estimations identify a decline in number and quality. The key environmental factors driving the structure of ecological communities in temporary wetlands are the duration, timing, frequency and predictability of the aquatic and dry phases, which varies greatly with region and hydrogeomorphic setting. Temporary wetlands have been historically neglected, but improved social awareness of the functions and values of, and increases in scientific interest, suggest that this is changing. They play an ecological role in both global cycles (i.e., CO2 emissions) and biodiversity (in proportion to their size, they contribute disproportionately to regional and global biodiversity). Moreover, they provide valuable ecosystem services including wildlife habitat, nutrient flux to adjacent ecosystems, flood control, water filtration, and cultural services. Effective conservation of temporary wetlands requires addressing threats (i.e., inconsistent and inadequate regulatory protections; climate change; changes in land use) and management challenges (i.e., management at both local and landscape scales; incomplete understanding of the ecosystem services provided by them; the need to enhance inventories). The most suitable approaches for conserving temporary wetlands include (1) regulations or other forms of protection; (2) sustainable management; (3) restoration and creation; and (4) collaborative conservation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.12003-2","usgsCitation":"Boix, D., Calhoun, A.J., Mushet, D.M., Bell, K.P., Fitzsimons, J.A., and Isselin-Nondedeu, F., 2019, Conservation of temporary wetlands, chap. of Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.12003-2.","ipdsId":"IP-109438","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/chapter/Conservation_of_Temporary_Wetlands/20674152","text":"External Repository"},{"id":369820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boix, Dani","contributorId":177733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boix","given":"Dani","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Calhoun, Aram J.K.","contributorId":177732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calhoun","given":"Aram","email":"","middleInitial":"J.K.","affiliations":[{"id":13065,"text":"Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Conservation Biology, University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bell, Kathleen P.","contributorId":171584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bell","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fitzsimons, James A.","contributorId":177734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzsimons","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Isselin-Nondedeu, Francis","contributorId":177735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Isselin-Nondedeu","given":"Francis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70212825,"text":"70212825 - 2019 - Interactions of microhabitat and time control grassland bacterial and fungal composition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T13:08:10.476551","indexId":"70212825","displayToPublicDate":"2019-10-09T08:04:48","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3910,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","onlineIssn":"2296-701X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions of microhabitat and time control grassland bacterial and fungal composition","docAbstract":"Dryland grasslands are vast and globally important and, as in all terrestrial ecosystems, soil microbial communities play fundamental roles in regulating dryland ecosystem function. A typical characteristic of drylands is the spatial mosaic of vascular plant cover surrounded by interspace soils, where biological soil crusts (biocrusts)—a complex community of organisms including bacteria, fungi, algae, mosses, and lichens—are common. The implications of this heterogeneity, where plants and biocrust cover co-occur, are often explored in the context of soil fertility and hydrology, but rarely has the impact of these multiple microhabitat types been simultaneously explored to determine the influence on bacterial and fungal communities, key biological players in these ecosystems. Further, our understanding of the temporal dynamics of bacterial and fungal communities in grasslands, and of how these dynamics depend on the microhabitat within the ecosystem, is notably poor. Here we used a temporally and spatially explicit approach to assess bacterial and fungal communities in a grassland on the Colorado Plateau, and to link variation in these communities to edaphic characteristics. We found that microhabitat (e.g., vascular plant rhizosphere, biocrust, and below biocrust) was the strongest driver of differences in bacterial and fungal community richness, diversity, and composition. Microhabitat type also significantly mediated the impact of temporal change in shaping community composition. Taken together, 29% of the variation in bacterial community composition could be explained by microhabitat, date, and microhabitat-by-date interactions, while only 11% of the variation in fungal community composition could be explained by the same factors, suggesting important differences in community assembly processes. Soil microbial communities dictate myriad critical ecosystem functions, thus understanding the factors that control their compostition is crucial to considering and forecasting how terrestrial ecosystems work. Overall, this case study provides insights for future studies on the spatial and temporal dynamics of bacterial and fungal communities in dryland grasslands.
Razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) and flannelmouth sucker (Catostomus latipinnis) live in sympatry in the Colorado River basin. Although morphological intermediates have been described since 1889, hybrids were seemingly rare. Rarity of hybrids was likely attributed to razorback suckers' ability to find conspecific mates throughout the basin. Dams have segmented the Colorado River, altering habitat and isolating native fish populations. As a result, razorback suckers became endangered. Razorback suckers are uncommon in the Colorado River and hybridization could increase because of limited conspecific mates. To understand the impacts of hybridization on recovery of the razorback sucker, information on hybrid viability is needed. We compared hatch success and larval survival of artificially spawned razorback sucker, flannelmouth sucker, and their hybrids. We were able to successfully spawn and rear all combinations, implying that there are limited pre- and postzygotic isolation mechanisms, and hybrids are likely to survive in the wild.
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stream fishes respond to changes in habitat availability is complicated by low occurrence rates of many species, which in turn reduces the ability to quantify species–habitat relationships and account for imperfect detection in estimates of species richness. Multispecies occupancy models have been used sparingly in the analysis of fisheries data, but address the aforementioned deficiencies by allowing information to be shared among ecologically similar species, thereby enabling species–habitat relationships to be estimated for entire fish communities, including rare species. Here, we highlight the utility of hierarchical multispecies occupancy models for the analysis of fish community data and demonstrate the modeling framework on a stream fish community dataset collected in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, USA. In particular, we demonstrate the ability of the modeling framework to make inferences at the species-, guild-, and community-levels, thereby making it a powerful tool for understanding and predicting how environmental variables influence species occupancy probabilities and structure fish assemblages.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2019-0125","collaboration":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"White, S., Faulk, E., Tzilkowski, C., Weber, A., Marshall, M., and Wagner, T., 2019, Predicting fish species richness and habitat relationships using Bayesian hierarchical multispecies occupancy models: Canadian Journal Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 77, no. 3, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2019-0125.","productDescription":"9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-101955","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388400,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York New Jersey, Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.12451171875,\n 40.96330795307353\n ],\n [\n -74.15771484375,\n 40.96330795307353\n ],\n [\n -74.15771484375,\n 41.60722821271717\n ],\n [\n -75.12451171875,\n 41.60722821271717\n ],\n [\n -75.12451171875,\n 40.96330795307353\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Shannon","contributorId":264595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Shannon","affiliations":[{"id":36985,"text":"Penn State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Faulk, Evan","contributorId":264596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faulk","given":"Evan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36985,"text":"Penn State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tzilkowski, Caleb","contributorId":264597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tzilkowski","given":"Caleb","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weber, Andrew","contributorId":264598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weber","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marshall, Matt","contributorId":264599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marshall","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70205674,"text":"70205674 - 2019 - A multidisciplinary coastal vulnerability assessment for local government focused on ecosystems, Santa Barbara area, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-13T13:43:35","indexId":"70205674","displayToPublicDate":"2019-10-02T11:26:47","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2926,"text":"Ocean and Coastal Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multidisciplinary coastal vulnerability assessment for local government focused on ecosystems, Santa Barbara area, California","docAbstract":"Incorporating coastal ecosystems in climate adaptation planning is needed to maintain the well-being of both natural and human systems. Our vulnerability study uses a multidisciplinary approach to evaluate climate change vulnerability of an urbanized coastal community that could serve as a model approach for communities worldwide, particularly in similar Mediterranean climates. We synthesize projected changes in climate, coastal erosion and flooding, watershed runoff and impacts to two important coastal ecosystems, sandy beaches and coastal salt marshes. Using downscaled climate models along with other regional models, we find that temperature, extreme heat events, and sea level are expected to increase in the future, along with more intense rainfall events, despite a negligible change in annual rainfall. Consequently, more droughts are expected but the magnitude of larger flood events will increase. Associated with the continuing rise of mean sea level, extreme coastal water levels will occur with increasingly greater magnitudes and frequency. Severe flooding will occur for both natural (wetlands, beaches) and built environments (airport, harbor, freeway, and residential areas). Adaptation actions can reduce the impact of rising sea level, which will cause losses of sandy beach zones and salt marsh habitats that support the highest biodiversity in these ecosystems, including regionally rare and endangered species, with substantial impacts occurring by 2050. Providing for inland transgression of coastal habitats, effective sediment management, reduced beach grooming and removal of shoreline armoring are adaptations that would help maintain coastal ecosystems and the beneficial services they provide.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104921","usgsCitation":"Myers, M., Barnard, P., Beighley, E., Cayan, D., Dugan, J.E., Feng, D., Iacobellis, S.F., Melack, J.M., and Page, H.M., 2019, A multidisciplinary coastal vulnerability assessment for local government focused on ecosystems, Santa Barbara area, California: Ocean and Coastal Management, v. 182, 104921, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104921.","productDescription":"104921","ipdsId":"IP-107676","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104921","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367925,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Santa Barbara","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.48249816894531,\n 34.41370754457088\n ],\n [\n -119.47906494140624,\n 34.4142740103038\n ],\n [\n -119.86564636230467,\n 34.44485746154028\n ],\n [\n -119.8773193359375,\n 34.36384353883067\n ],\n [\n -119.47631835937499,\n 34.36100946506246\n ],\n [\n -119.48249816894531,\n 34.41370754457088\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"182","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myers, Monique","contributorId":219345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Myers","given":"Monique","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39996,"text":"California Sea Grant","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":147147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beighley, Edward","contributorId":219346,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beighley","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38331,"text":"Northeastern University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cayan, Daniel R.","contributorId":219347,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayan","given":"Daniel R.","affiliations":[{"id":38264,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dugan, Jenifer E.","contributorId":219348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dugan","given":"Jenifer","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16936,"text":"University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Feng, Dongmei","contributorId":219349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feng","given":"Dongmei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Iacobellis, Samuel F.","contributorId":219350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iacobellis","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":38264,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Melack, John M.","contributorId":219351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melack","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16936,"text":"University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Page, Henry M.","contributorId":219352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Page","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16936,"text":"University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70206767,"text":"70206767 - 2019 - Seasonal, spring-neap, and tidal variation in cohesive sediment transport parameters in estuarine shallows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-03T10:44:49","indexId":"70206767","displayToPublicDate":"2019-10-01T10:55:52","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2321,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal, spring-neap, and tidal variation in cohesive sediment transport parameters in estuarine shallows","docAbstract":"Numerical models for predicting sediment concentrations and transport rely on parameters such as settling velocity and bed erodibility that describe sediment characteristics, yet these parameters are rarely probed directly. We investigated temporal and spatial variation in sediment parameters in the shallows of San Pablo Bay, CA. Flow, turbulence, and suspended sediment data were measured at sites located at 1 and 2 m below mean lower low water (MLLW) from November 2013 through April 2015, supplemented by monthlong periods in 2011, 2012, and 2016. Maximum current velocities were 0.40–0.47 m s-1 at these depths; the strongest currents decreased to 0.27–0.34 m s-1 during neap periods. Winters 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 experienced strong drought conditions, limiting the potential for seasonal impact on sediment conditions during this experiment. Despite this, the more storm‐influenced site showed clear changes during the winter: the roughness parameter decreased from 10−4 to 10−5 m, from hydrodynamically rough to smooth conditions, and bed erodibility increased by an order of magnitude. Median settling velocity was 2.05·10−4 m s-1; it varied twofold within a tidal cycle, decreasing as current velocity grew during flood and ebb. This tidal control on floc size affected settling velocity on the spring‐neap timescale, possibly driving a spring‐neap oscillation in erodibility. Our findings highlight variation in sediment dynamics that is commonly ignored in numerical models and the need for field observations to ground truth ongoing modeling efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2018JC014825","usgsCitation":"Allen, R., Lacy, J.R., Stacey, M.T., and Variano, E.A., 2019, Seasonal, spring-neap, and tidal variation in cohesive sediment transport parameters in estuarine shallows: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, v. 124, no. 11, p. 7265-7284, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014825.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"7265","endPage":"7284","ipdsId":"IP-103807","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369464,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Pablo Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.57858276367186,\n 37.95827503526034\n ],\n [\n -122.23251342773438,\n 37.95827503526034\n ],\n [\n -122.23251342773438,\n 38.16479533621134\n ],\n [\n -122.57858276367186,\n 38.16479533621134\n ],\n [\n -122.57858276367186,\n 37.95827503526034\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"124","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Rachel 0000-0002-0287-6466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0287-6466","contributorId":216002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Rachel","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lacy, Jessica R. 0000-0002-2797-6172","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-6172","contributorId":201703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stacey, Mark T. 0000-0002-0952-2812","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0952-2812","contributorId":220770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stacey","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":36942,"text":"University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Variano, Evan A 0000-0001-5102-238X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-238X","contributorId":216003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Variano","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":36942,"text":"University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70205831,"text":"70205831 - 2019 - Discrete Zr and REE mineralization of the Baerzhe rare-metal deposit, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-08T07:50:17","indexId":"70205831","displayToPublicDate":"2019-10-01T07:49:29","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discrete Zr and REE mineralization of the Baerzhe rare-metal deposit, China","docAbstract":"Although REE (lanthanides + Y) mineralization in alkaline silicate systems is commonly accompanied with Zr mineralization worldwide, our understanding of the relationship between Zr and REE mineralization is still incomplete (e.g. Škoda and Novák, 2007; Linnen et al., 2014; Petrella et al., 2014; Möller and Williams-Jones, 2016; Wu et al., 2018). The Baerzhe deposit in NE China is a source of Zr, REE, and Nb linked to the formation of an early Cretaceous, silica-saturated, alkaline intrusive complex. In-situ laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of zircon and monazite crystals constrain the relationship between Zr and REE mineralization at Baerzhe.\nThree populations of zircon are identified and are differentiated based upon textural observations and compositional characteristics. Type I zircon display well-developed oscillatory zoning are are typically found as inclusions within sodic amphibole. Type II zircons are darker than Type I zircons in CL images, can overgrow Type I zircon, and have more irregular zoning and resorption features. Type III zircons contain irregular but translucent cores and rims with oscillatory zoning that are murky brown in color and grow in aggregates. Textural features and compositional data suggest that Types I and II zircon crystallized at the magmatic stage, with Type 1 being least altered and Type II being strongly altered, and Type III precipitated during the magmatic to magmatic-hydrothermal transition.\nWhereas the magnitude of the Eu anomaly is moderate in the barren alkaline granite, all three populations of zircon exhibit pronounced negative anomalies. Such features are difficult to explain exclusively by feldspar fractionation and could indicate the presence of fluid modification of the rocks. Monazite crystals occur mostly through replacement of zircon and sodic amphibole; monazite clusters are also present. Textural and compositional evidence suggests that monazite at Baerzhe is hydrothermal.\nLeast and strongly altered magmatic zircon yield 207Pb-corrected 206Pb/238U ages of 127.3±1.2 Ma and 125.67±0.76 Ma, respectively. Deuteric zircon precipitated at 125.11±0.69 Ma. The chronological data suggest that the magmatic stage of the highly-evolved Baerzhe alkaline granite lasted less than two million years. Hydrothermal monazite records REE mineralization at 123.41±0.63 Ma, approximately 1 or 2 million years later than Zr mineralization. We therefore propose a model in which parental magmas underwent extensive magmatic differentiation while residual melts interacted with aqueous hydrothermal fluids. Deuteric zircon precipitated from a hydrosilicate liquid, and subsequent REE mineralization, exemplified by hydrothermal monazite, correlates with the metasomatic alteration from external fluid sources. Such interplay between magmatic and hydrothermal processes resulted in the formation of discrete Zr and REE mineralization at Baerzhe.","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.2138/am-2019-6890","usgsCitation":"Qiu, K., Yu, H., Wu, M., Geng, J., Ge, X., Gou, Z., and Taylor, R., 2019, Discrete Zr and REE mineralization of the Baerzhe rare-metal deposit, China: American Mineralogist, v. 104, no. 10, p. 1487-1502, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2019-6890.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1487","endPage":"1502","ipdsId":"IP-103418","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science 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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Qiu, Kunfeng","contributorId":219546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qiu","given":"Kunfeng","affiliations":[{"id":24737,"text":"China University of Geosciences, Beijing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yu, Haocheng","contributorId":219547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yu","given":"Haocheng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24737,"text":"China University of Geosciences, Beijing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wu, Mingqian","contributorId":219548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Mingqian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24737,"text":"China University of Geosciences, Beijing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Geng, Jianzhen","contributorId":219549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geng","given":"Jianzhen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24737,"text":"China University of Geosciences, Beijing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ge, Xiangkun","contributorId":219550,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ge","given":"Xiangkun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40023,"text":"Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gou, Zongyang","contributorId":219551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gou","given":"Zongyang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24737,"text":"China University of Geosciences, Beijing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Taylor, Ryan D. 0000-0002-8845-5290","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8845-5290","contributorId":201948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Ryan D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70205774,"text":"70205774 - 2019 - Integration of eDNA-based biological monitoring within the US Geological Survey’s national streamgage network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-03T10:02:21","indexId":"70205774","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-30T14:14:45","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integration of eDNA-based biological monitoring within the US Geological Survey’s national streamgage network","docAbstract":"This study explores the feasibility and utility of integrating environmental DNA (eDNA) assessments of species occurrences into the United States (U.S.) Geological Survey’s national streamgage network. We used an existing network of five gages in southwest Idaho to explore the type of information that could be gained as well as the associated costs and limitations. Hydrologic technicians were trained in eDNA sampling protocols and they collected samples during routine monthly visits to streamgages over an entire water year (2016). We analyzed the eDNA in the filtered water samples to determine the presence of two fish species: bull trout and rainbow trout. We then modeled the spatiotemporal distribution of each species using discharge and temperature data. To assess the influence of the spatial distribution of the gages on the biological information obtained, we also collected eDNA samples from locations between the gages three times during the water year. We found eDNA monitoring at the five gages provided meaningful information about the distribution of both species, especially when detection probabilities accounted for variations in temperature and discharge. Sampling between the gages provided additional information about bull trout distribution — the rarer of the two species. Our study suggests the integration of eDNA sampling into a streamgage network is feasible and could provide a novel and powerful source of biological information for riverine ecosystems in the U.S.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12800","usgsCitation":"Pilliod, D.S., Laramie, M., McCoy, D., and Maclean, S., 2019, Integration of eDNA-based biological monitoring within the US Geological Survey’s national streamgage network: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 55, no. 6, p. 1505-1518, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12800.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1505","endPage":"1518","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-104039","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12800","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367934,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Nebraska ","otherGeospatial":"Bruneau–Jarbidge Rivers watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.26281738281249,\n 41.32732632036622\n ],\n [\n -114.87854003906249,\n 41.32732632036622\n ],\n [\n -114.87854003906249,\n 42.46399280017058\n ],\n [\n -116.26281738281249,\n 42.46399280017058\n ],\n [\n -116.26281738281249,\n 41.32732632036622\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pilliod, David S. 0000-0003-4207-3518","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518","contributorId":216342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laramie, Matthew 0000-0001-7820-2583 mlaramie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7820-2583","contributorId":152532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laramie","given":"Matthew","email":"mlaramie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCoy, Dorene","contributorId":219452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCoy","given":"Dorene","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39997,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maclean, Scott","contributorId":219453,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maclean","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6696,"text":"BLM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70206034,"text":"70206034 - 2019 - DNA Sequencing confirms Tundra Bean Goose (Anser serrirostris serrirostris) occurrence in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley in Arkansas, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-21T06:41:10","indexId":"70206034","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-30T12:15:01","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"DNA Sequencing confirms Tundra Bean Goose (Anser serrirostris serrirostris) occurrence in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley in Arkansas, USA","docAbstract":"—First sighting records of rare occurrences may become increasingly important for recognizing changes in distribution, changes in migratory strategies, or increases in hybridization. We focumented the first record of a Tundra Bean Goose in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley, the outlet and historic floodplain for much of North America and one of the most important waterfowl wintering areas on the continent. We also document the first genetically confirmed record in the contiguous USA. Bean Goose (Anser fabalis and A. serrirostris) occurrences in North America\nare rare, especially outside of Alaska. On 24 January 2018, a Tundra Bean Goose (A. s. serrirostris) was harvested by a hunter in a winter-flooded rice field in Desha County, Arkansas, USA, near Dumas. The goose was mixed with a flock of 50 Greater White-Fronted Geese (A. albifrons). Because this individual was legally, albeit accidentally shot, we had the rare and exciting opportunity to obtain morphometric measurements and biological samples. As a result, we were able to verify the species and subspecies through genetic and morphological analysis. We determined the goose was an adult female Tundra Bean Goose, and mitochondrial DNA control region sequence data indicated this specimen was the subspecies A. s. serrirostris.","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1675/063.042.0310","collaboration":"None","usgsCitation":"Osborne, D.C., Wilson, R.E., Carlson, L., Sonsthagen, S.A., and Talbot, S.L., 2019, DNA Sequencing confirms Tundra Bean Goose (Anser serrirostris serrirostris) occurrence in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley in Arkansas, USA: Waterbirds, v. 42, no. 3, p. 333-342, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.042.0310.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"342","ipdsId":"IP-101771","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368391,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas 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\"}}]}","volume":"42","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osborne, Douglas C.","contributorId":219861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osborne","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Robert E. 0000-0003-1800-0183 rewilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1800-0183","contributorId":5718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Robert","email":"rewilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlson, Lindsay","contributorId":214924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"Lindsay","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39139,"text":"Utah State University and the Ecology Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70205704,"text":"70205704 - 2019 - The importance of turtle populations to wetland restoration in the upper Mississippi embayment of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T09:52:11","indexId":"70205704","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-26T12:41:21","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of turtle populations to wetland restoration in the upper Mississippi embayment of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"The Upper Mississippi Embayment (UME) ecoregion covers approximately 141,895 km2 and historically supported 9,712,455 ha of bottomland deciduous forests, swamps, bayous, and rivers. Only about 500 ha (< 0.01%) of pre-settlement bottomland hardwood forest habitat in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV) in the UME remained by the 1940s because the timber was clearcut and the wetlands drained for agriculture. By 1983 only a few scattered cypress-tupelo swamps remained. We studied the freshwater turtle community in Allred Lake, Missouri, a rare remnant of this ecosystem and compared these results to those from two other study sites in the MAV, Big Oak Tree State Park (BOTSP), Missouri, and Coldwater River National Wildlife Refuge (CRNWR), Mississippi. Species richness included six species commonly found throughout the MAV. One species (Red-eared Slider, Trachemys scripta elegans) dominated density and biomass in all three assemblages. The occurrence of the six species we studied in man-made restored wetlands such as those in BOTSP and CRNWR indicate these turtles would adapt to restored wetlands in the MAV in southeastern Missouri and elsewhere in the ecosystem. We provide information on habitat features that could be included in restoration design and construction that would benefit turtles. Given the ongoing worldwide decline of turtles, consideration of turtle ecology and behavior in wetland restoration projects in the MAV may be warranted.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11273-019-09686-z","usgsCitation":"Nickerson, M.A., Mitchell, J.C., and Glorioso, B., 2019, The importance of turtle populations to wetland restoration in the upper Mississippi embayment of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 27, no. 5-6, p. 683-692, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-019-09686-z.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"683","endPage":"692","ipdsId":"IP-104693","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Allred Lake, Big Oak Tree State Park, Coldwater River National Wildlife Refuge ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.571044921875,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -90.439453125,\n 32.10118973232094\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 34.96699890670367\n ],\n [\n -89.000244140625,\n 36.677230602346214\n ],\n [\n -88.92333984375,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -89.351806640625,\n 37.17782559332976\n ],\n [\n -91.60400390625,\n 35.7286770448517\n ],\n [\n -91.42822265625,\n 35.505400093441324\n ],\n [\n -92.4169921875,\n 34.867904962568716\n ],\n [\n -92.3291015625,\n 34.50655662164561\n ],\n [\n -92.1533203125,\n 34.15272698011818\n ],\n [\n -91.658935546875,\n 33.669496972795535\n ],\n [\n -91.702880859375,\n 33.054716488042736\n ],\n [\n -91.900634765625,\n 32.96258644191747\n ],\n [\n -92.04345703125,\n 33.04550781490999\n ],\n [\n -92.274169921875,\n 32.97180377635759\n ],\n [\n -92.1533203125,\n 32.69486597787505\n ],\n [\n -92.252197265625,\n 32.32427558887655\n ],\n [\n -92.16430664062499,\n 32.05464469054932\n ],\n [\n -91.92260742187499,\n 31.83089906339438\n ],\n [\n -92.35107421874999,\n 31.456782472114313\n ],\n [\n -92.691650390625,\n 31.606609719226917\n ],\n [\n -92.83447265624999,\n 31.438037173124464\n ],\n [\n -91.12060546875,\n 29.036960648558267\n ],\n [\n -90.47241210937499,\n 29.248063243796576\n ],\n [\n -90.318603515625,\n 29.0273547804184\n ],\n [\n -89.7967529296875,\n 29.267232865200878\n ],\n [\n -89.3463134765625,\n 28.835049972635176\n ],\n [\n -88.9068603515625,\n 29.094577077511826\n ],\n [\n -88.9453125,\n 29.334298230315675\n ],\n [\n -89.4891357421875,\n 29.54000879252545\n ],\n [\n -89.12109375,\n 29.90732937685153\n ],\n [\n -89.5111083984375,\n 30.107117887092357\n ],\n [\n -90.450439453125,\n 29.90256760730233\n ],\n [\n -91.571044921875,\n 31.015278981711266\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"5-6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nickerson, Max A","contributorId":219361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nickerson","given":"Max","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":36469,"text":"Florida Museum of Natural History","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, Joseph C.","contributorId":205168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glorioso, Brad M. 0000-0002-5400-7414","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5400-7414","contributorId":219360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glorioso","given":"Brad","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70205578,"text":"70205578 - 2019 - Designing multi-scale hierarchical monitoring frameworks for wildlife to support management: A sage-grouse case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-27T12:07:48","indexId":"70205578","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-25T08:20:18","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Designing multi-scale hierarchical monitoring frameworks for wildlife to support management: A sage-grouse case study","docAbstract":"Population monitoring is integral to the conservation and management of wildlife; yet, analyses of population demographic data rarely consider processes occurring across spatial scales, potentially limiting the effectiveness of adaptive management. Therefore, we developed a method to identify hierarchical levels of organization (i.e., populations) to define multiple spatial scales, specifically intended to help guide appropriate conservation and management actions. This approach can support mobile species with high site fidelity where surveys occur on birthing/breeding grounds or migratory stopovers. Our approach used a graphbased clustering algorithm (Spatial K’luster Analysis by Tree Edge Removal) that explicitly included habitat selection information at multiple scales and further refined with constraint-based rules. We applied these concepts to greater sage-grouse leks (breeding grounds), a species of conservation concern, in two different ecological contexts (Nevada and Wyoming, USA). The constraint-based rules accounted for inter-lek movement distances based on literature and field studies in Nevada from 2012 to 2016, included methods to support a spatially balanced monitoring design, and identified barriers to movements among leks based on resistance surfaces. We evaluated the performance of our hierarchical clusters in Nevada using independent data from radio-marked sage-grouse, and we found the finest-scaled cluster level captured ~90% of sagegrouse movements and mid-level scales captured ~97–99% of movements. We expected comparable performance for Wyoming, where we lacked radio-marked sage-grouse for an evaluation, because genetic studies estimate similar dispersal distances to our ~15 km inter-lek movement distance in Nevada. For sage-grouse and other mobile species with high site fidelity, our approach to defining these frameworks could prove valuable for conservation and management applications, such as improving estimation of scale-dependent population trends and guiding the prescription of management actions at spatial scales that align with identified threats. Specific to sage-grouse, our analysis sets the stage for designing a monitoring framework that relies on comparison of short- and long-term population trends across our defined spatial scales and identifies and disentangles factors driving local (e.g., habitat quality) and regional (e.g., climate) population changes, thereby supporting scale-dependent management and research needs for adaptive management practices.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2872","usgsCitation":"O’Donnell, M.S., Edmunds, D.R., Aldridge, C.L., Heinrichs, J.A., Coates, P.S., Prochazka, B.G., and Hanser, S.E., 2019, Designing multi-scale hierarchical monitoring frameworks for wildlife to support management: A sage-grouse case study: Ecosphere, v. 10, no. 9, e02872, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2872.","productDescription":"e02872, 34 p.","ipdsId":"IP-099532","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459739,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2872","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P928QJZP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"popcluster: Developing Hierarchical Population Monitoring Frameworks for mobile species with high site fidelity"},{"id":437327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9J0B7JR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hierarchically nested and biologically relevant monitoring frameworks for Greater Sage-grouse, 2019, Nevada and Wyoming, 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kenyoni) from Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-04T17:48:36.96854","indexId":"70209015","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-21T08:03:25","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Leptospirosis in Northern Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) from Washington","title":"Leptospirosis in Northern Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) from Washington","docAbstract":"We diagnosed leptospirosis in six northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) that stranded on beaches in Washington, US in 2002. Significant gross findings included cyanotic oral mucous membranes, renal swelling, congestion or pale streaks on the cut surface of the lobules, hematuria, dehydration, lymphadenopathy, pulmonary congestion and rarely adrenal hemorrhage and congestion. Histopathology showed lymphoplasmacytic tubulointerstitial nephritis with intraluminal spirochetes and immunoreactivity to leptospiral antigens in the renal tubules and interstitium. qPCR using kidney or urine for the leptospiral lipL32 gene was positive with cycle threshold values indicative of abundant or moderate amounts of nucleic acid. A microscopic agglutination test showed the highest serum antibody titer to serovar Pomona and titers to serovars Autumnalis, Bratislava, Hebdomadis, Grippo, Ictero, Pyrogenes, Ballum, Canicola, and Hardjo. While antibodies to Leptospira interrogans have been previously detected in sea otters, there are no reports of disease or descriptions of pathology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association ","doi":"10.7589/2019-05-112","usgsCitation":"Knowles, S., Lynch, D., and Thomas, N.J., 2019, Leptospirosis in Northern Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) from Washington: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 56, no. 2, p. 466-471, https://doi.org/10.7589/2019-05-112.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"466","endPage":"471","ipdsId":"IP-106498","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373166,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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nthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-0391","contributorId":1673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Nancy","email":"nthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":784556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70205435,"text":"70205435 - 2019 - Reporting the limits of detection and quantification for environmental DNA assays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-04T13:44:26.547842","indexId":"70205435","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-16T17:33:37","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5840,"text":"Environmental DNA","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reporting the limits of detection and quantification for environmental DNA assays","docAbstract":"Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is increasingly being used to detect the presence and relative abundance of rare species, especially invasive or imperiled aquatic species. The rapid progress in the eDNA field has resulted in numerous studies impacting conservation and management actions. However, standardization of eDNA methods and reporting across the field is yet to be fully established, with one area being the calculation and interpretation of assay limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ).
Here, we propose establishing consistent methods for determining and reporting of LOD and LOQ for single‐species quantitative PCR (qPCR) eDNA studies.
We utilize datasets from multiple cooperating laboratories to demonstrate both a discrete threshold approach and a curve‐fitting modeling approach for determining LODs and LOQs for eDNA qPCR assays. We also provide details of an R script developed and applied for the modeling method.
Ultimately, standardization of how LOD and LOQ are determined, interpreted, and reported for eDNA assays will allow for more informed interpretation of assay results, more meaningful interlaboratory comparisons of experiments, and enhanced capacity for assessing the relative technical quality and performance of different eDNA qPCR assays.