Ground-water levels in the American Bottoms regions around East St. Louis, Illinois, have risen several feet since the early 1970's. Artificial dewatering of the aquifer by increased pumping is being investigated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to alleviate economic and health concerns resulting from elevated ground-water levels. A ground-water quality evaluation is necessary for selecting a feasible dewatering scheme. Analyses of water samples from 63 wells show that except for iron, manganese, and dissolved solids, constituent concentrations do not exceed Illinois water-quality standards. The waters are primarily of the calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate type with some calcium-sulfate type water. Iron concentrations ranged from less than 3 to 82,000 micrograms per liter, manganese from 5 to 5,300 micrograms per liter, and dissolved solids from 140 to 3,000 milligrams per liter. These constituent concentrations exceed Illinois ' public water supply, effluent, and general water-quality standards in most samples and analysis indicates the concentrations are representative of the ambient water quality. Concentrations of nitrite + nitrate nitrogen fluoride, zinc, lead, and sulfate also exceeded Illinois water-quality standards in a few samples. Concentrations of organic pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polychlorinated naphthalenes were below analytical detection limits.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844180","usgsCitation":"Voelker, D.C., 1984, Quality of water in the alluvial aquifer, American Bottoms, East St. Louis, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4180, v, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844180.","productDescription":"v, 51 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395572,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36048.htm"},{"id":159756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4180/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59086,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4180/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"East St. Louis","otherGeospatial":"American Bottoms","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.283,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -89.967,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -89.967,\n 38.917\n ],\n [\n -90.283,\n 38.917\n ],\n [\n -90.283,\n 38.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8be4b07f02db6515f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voelker, David C. dvoelker@usgs.gov","contributorId":278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voelker","given":"David","email":"dvoelker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30317,"text":"wri844267 - 1984 - Hydrology of Yucca Mountain and vicinity, Nevada-California — Investigative results through mid-1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T20:59:45.500688","indexId":"wri844267","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4267","title":"Hydrology of Yucca Mountain and vicinity, Nevada-California — Investigative results through mid-1983","docAbstract":"Yucca Mountain, Nevada, is one of several sites under consideration for construction of the first repository for high-level nuclear waste. The climate is arid; few perennial streams are present in the region. Flash floods occasionally occur. The site is underlain by at least 1,800 meters of volcanic tuffs of Tertiary age; limestones and dolomites of Paleozoic age underlie much of the surrounding region, and, together with alluvial deposits, comprise the major aquifers. Yucca Mountain is in the Alkali Flat-Furnace Creek Ranch ground-water subbasin, which is part of the Death Valley ground-water basin. Discharge occurs at Alkali Flat almost entirely by evapotranspiration, and at Furnace Creek Ranch from small springs and seeps. Beneath Yucca Mountain, depth to water ranges from about 460 to 700 meters; the rock under consideration for construction of the repository is in the unsaturated zone. Rate of recharge at Yucca Mountain is small, perhaps much less than 5 millimeters per year. Within the saturated zone, water movement is principally along fractures. The hydraulic gradient is small east (downgradient) of Yucca Mountain, and increases to the north and west. Lack of effective-porosity data presently precludes accurate calculation of flow velocity and travel times.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844267","usgsCitation":"Waddell, R.K., Robison, J.H., and Blankennagel, R., 1984, Hydrology of Yucca Mountain and vicinity, Nevada-California — Investigative results through mid-1983: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4267, vi, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844267.","productDescription":"vi, 72 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394133,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36112.htm"},{"id":59109,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4267/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4267/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain and vicinity","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 35.833\n ],\n [\n -114.5670,\n 35.833\n ],\n [\n -114.5670,\n 38.466\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 38.466\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 35.833\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604816","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddell, R. K.","contributorId":25560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robison, J. H.","contributorId":60183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robison","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blankennagel, R. K.","contributorId":65078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blankennagel","given":"R. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28695,"text":"wri844042 - 1984 - Digital simulation of the regional effects of subsurface injection of liquid waste near Pensacola, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri844042","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4042","title":"Digital simulation of the regional effects of subsurface injection of liquid waste near Pensacola, Florida","docAbstract":"Industrial, organic, liquid waste has been injected into a part of the lower limestone of the Floridan aquifer at one site since 1963 and at another site since 1975, raising water levels in the injection zone throughout a large region. The hydrogeologic conceptual model of the injection zone is a layer tightly confined above by a thick layer of clay and in which lateral hydraulic conductivity decreases rapidly below the upper 60 feet. Recharge areas are to the north and east, where the confining layer pinches out. There appear to be permeability barriers to the northwest, west, and southwest due to facies changes, faults, or pinchouts. Measured and reconstructed preinjection water levels suggested that flow in the aquifer is from the northern recharge areas toward the southeast. A steady-state model simulation incorporating the cited boundary assumptions approximately simulated this pattern. A two-dimensional flow model and the subsurface waste injection program (SWIP) were calibrated to simulate the water level increases at various monitor wells since 1963. Sensitivity analyses showed the simulations to be quite sensitive to moderate errors in either transmissivity or storage parameter specifications. The predictive use of the hydraulic model is understood to be restricted to the geographical locations of data used for model calibration. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844042","usgsCitation":"Merritt, M.L., 1984, Digital simulation of the regional effects of subsurface injection of liquid waste near Pensacola, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4042, vi, 73 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844042.","productDescription":"vi, 73 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4042/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57537,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4042/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a884","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merritt, M. L.","contributorId":47401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merritt","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26759,"text":"wri844173 - 1984 - Assessment of selected ground-water-quality data in Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri844173","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4173","title":"Assessment of selected ground-water-quality data in Montana","docAbstract":"Ground-water-quality data for Montana in the U.S. Geological Survey 's computer data file WATSTORE were evaluated for nine geohydrologic units in part of the State east of the Rocky Mountains and for two geohydrologic units in the western mountainous part of the stated region. The availability of data for inorganic, trace, and organic constituents for each grouping of units was assessed. Median dissolved-solids concentrations for the groupings of units range from about 100 to 5,000 milligrams per liter. However, the number and distribution of data sites for some groupings of units wee inadequate to be representative of the aquifer as a whole. Concentrations of most trace constituents do not exceed Federal primary drinking-water standards, although exceptions occur. Few data were available for organic constituents. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844173","usgsCitation":"Davis, R.E., and Rogers, G., 1984, Assessment of selected ground-water-quality data in Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4173, x, 177 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844173.","productDescription":"x, 177 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4173/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55648,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4173/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55649,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4173/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a0cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, R. E.","contributorId":77153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, G.D.","contributorId":21586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":13537,"text":"ofr85512 - 1984 - Analytical results, geology, and sample locality map of mercury-sulfur-gypsum mineralization at Crater, Inyo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T13:54:45","indexId":"ofr85512","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-512","title":"Analytical results, geology, and sample locality map of mercury-sulfur-gypsum mineralization at Crater, Inyo County, California","docAbstract":"The Crater mercury-su l fur-gypsum ~ineral ized area is located in east-central California along the crest of the Last Chance Range, west of the north end of Death Valley (fig. 1). The area is in the northwest quarter of the Last Chance Range 15-minute quadrangle and occupies the area between 117 39 and 117 45 longitude and 37 10 and 37 15 latitudP.. The area studied lies between 5000 ( 1525 m) and 6000 ( 1830 m) feet above sea level. Relief isgenerally moderate but can be extreme in some places, as at Hanging Rock Canyon (plate 1). The climate is arid, and there are no active streams in the area. The range fronts east and west of the area are precipitous and incised by many steep canyons, whereas the range crest has relatively low relief. The old abandoned town and mine site of Crater 1 ie in this area of low relief. Access to the Crater area is by paved and dirt roads from Big Pine to the west or from the north end of the Death Valley National Monument to the southeast.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85512","usgsCitation":"Erickson, M.S., Marsh, S., and Roemer, T.A., 1984, Analytical results, geology, and sample locality map of mercury-sulfur-gypsum mineralization at Crater, Inyo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-512, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85512.","productDescription":"25 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145470,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr85512.jpg"},{"id":42021,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0512/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":314977,"rank":401,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0512/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Inyo 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M. S.","contributorId":35302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marsh, S.P.","contributorId":32913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roemer, T. A.","contributorId":72784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roemer","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":38647,"text":"pp1151D - 1984 - Stratigraphy and structure of the western Kentucky fluorspar district","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:58","indexId":"pp1151D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1151","chapter":"D","title":"Stratigraphy and structure of the western Kentucky fluorspar district","docAbstract":"The western Kentucky fluorspar district is part of the larger Illinois-Kentucky fluorspar district, the largest producer of fluorspar in the United States. This report is based largely on data gathered from 1960 to 1974 during the U.S. Geological Survey-Kentucky Geological Survey cooperative geologic mapping program of Kentucky. It deals chiefly with the stratigraphy and structure of the district and, to a lesser extent, with the fluorspar-zinc-lead-barite deposits. \r\n\r\nSedimentary rocks exposed in the district range in age from Early Mississippian (Osagean) to Quaternary. Most rocks exposed at the surface are Mississippian in age; two-thirds are marine fossiliferous limestones, and the remainder are shales, siltstones, and sandstones. Osagean deep-water marine silty limestone and chert are present at the surface in the southwestern corner of the district. Meramecian marine limestone is exposed at the surface in about half the area. Chesterian marine and fluvial to fluviodeltaic clastic sedimentary rocks and marine limestone underlie about one-third of the area. The total sequence of Mississippian rocks is about 3,000 ft thick. \r\n\r\nPennsylvanian rocks are dominantly fluvial clastic sedimentary rocks that change upward into younger fluviodeltaic strata. Pennsylvanian strata of Morrowan and Atokan age are locally thicker than 600 ft along the eastern and southeastern margin and in the major grabens of the district where they have been preserved from erosion. \r\n\r\nCretaceous and Tertiary sediments of the Mississippi embayment truncate Paleozoic formations in and near the southwestern corner of the district and are preserved mostly as erosional outliers. The deposits are Gulfian nonmarine gravels, sands, and clays as much as 170 ft thick and upper Pliocene fluvial continental deposits as thick as 45 ft. Pleistocene loess deposits mantle the upland surface of the district, and Quaternary fluvial and fluviolacustrine deposits are common and widespread along the Ohio and Cumberland Rivers and their major tributaries. \r\n\r\nMany mafic dikes and a few mafic sills are present. The mafic rocks are mostly altered mica peridotites or lamprophyres that are composed of carbonate minerals, serpentine, chlorite, and biotite and contain some hornblende, pyroxene, and olivine. Most of the dikes are in a north-north west-trending belt 6 to 8 mi wide and strike N. 20 0 -30 0 W. The dikes dip from 80 0 to 90 0 and are commonly 5 to 10 ft wide. Radioisotopic study indicates that the dikes are Early Permian in age. \r\n\r\nThe district is just southeast of the intersection of the east-trending Rough Creek-Shawneetown and northeast-trending New Madrid fault systems. The district's principal structural features are a northwest-trending domal anticline, the Tolu Arch, and a series of steeply dipping to nearly vertical normal faults and fault zones that trend dominantly northeastward and divide the area into elongated northeast-trending grabens and horsts. Formation of these grabens and horsts was one of the major tectonic events in the district. Vertical displacement may be as much as 3,000 ft but commonly ranges from a few feet to a few hundred feet; no substantial horizontal movement is believed to have taken place. Many cross faults having only a few feet of displacement trend northwestward and are occupied at places by mafic dikes. Faulting was mostly post-Early Permian to pre-middle Cretaceous in age. \r\n\r\nMany theories have been advanced to explain the structural history of the district. A generally acceptable overall hypothesis that would account for all the structural complexities, however, is still lacking. Useful structural data, such as the structural differences between the grabens and the horsts, have been obtained, however, from the recently completed geologic mapping. Mapping also has more clearly shown the alinement of the Tolu Arch, the belt of dikes, and an unusually deep graben (the Griffith Bluff graben); this alinement suggests that possibl","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1151D","usgsCitation":"Trace, R.D., and Amos, D., 1984, Stratigraphy and structure of the western Kentucky fluorspar district: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1151, p. D1-D41; 1 plate in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1151D.","productDescription":"p. D1-D41; 1 plate in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1151d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65478,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1151d/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65479,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1151d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a7fee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trace, R. D.","contributorId":47004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trace","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amos, D.H.","contributorId":75600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amos","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26758,"text":"wri844091 - 1984 - Review of buried crystalline rocks of eastern United States in selected hydrogeologic environments potentially suitable for isolating high-level radioactive wastes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-06T13:43:26","indexId":"wri844091","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4091","title":"Review of buried crystalline rocks of eastern United States in selected hydrogeologic environments potentially suitable for isolating high-level radioactive wastes","docAbstract":"Among the concepts suggested for the deep disposal of high-level radioactive wastes from nuclear power reactors is the excavation of a repository in suitable crystalline rocks overlain by a thick sequence of sedimentary strata in a hydrogeologic environment that would effectively impede waste transport. To determine the occurrence of such environments in the Eastern United States, a review was made of available sources of published or unpublished information, using the following hydrogeologic criteria:
All of these hydrogeologic conditions occur in two general areas: (1) parts of Indiana, Ohio, and Kentucky, underlain by part of the geologic structure known as the Cincinnati arch, and (2) parts of the Atlantic Coastal Plain from Georgia to New Jersey.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Louisville, KY","doi":"10.3133/wri844091","usgsCitation":"Davis, R.W., 1984, Review of buried crystalline rocks of eastern United States in selected hydrogeologic environments potentially suitable for isolating high-level radioactive wastes: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4091, Report: iii, 20 p.; 2 Plates: 27.38 x 28.96 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844091.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 20 p.; 2 Plates: 27.38 x 28.96 inches","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158347,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4091/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":349801,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4091/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349802,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4091/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349803,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4091/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604170","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, R. W.","contributorId":93459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221678,"text":"70221678 - 1984 - Foraminifers and calcareous nannofossils of Tertiary strata in Maryland and Virginia: A summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-28T16:37:56.003412","indexId":"70221678","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-31T11:31:48","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Foraminifers and calcareous nannofossils of Tertiary strata in Maryland and Virginia: A summary","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cretaceous and Tertiary stratigraphy, paleontology, and structure, southwestern Maryland and northeastern Virginia: Field trip volume and guidebook, October 17, 1984","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation","usgsCitation":"Gibson, T., and Bybell, L.M., 1984, Foraminifers and calcareous nannofossils of Tertiary strata in Maryland and Virginia: A summary, chap. of Cretaceous and Tertiary stratigraphy, paleontology, and structure, southwestern Maryland and northeastern Virginia: Field trip volume and guidebook, October 17, 1984, p. 181-189.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"189","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386805,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.08056640625,\n 38.453588708941375\n ],\n [\n -75.69580078125,\n 38.46219172306828\n ],\n [\n -75.73974609375,\n 39.69873414348139\n ],\n [\n -79.4970703125,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -79.47509765625,\n 39.20671884491848\n ],\n [\n -79.134521484375,\n 39.444677580473424\n ],\n [\n -78.760986328125,\n 39.62261494094297\n ],\n [\n -78.343505859375,\n 39.46164364205549\n ],\n [\n -78.431396484375,\n 39.172658670429946\n ],\n [\n -78.892822265625,\n 38.77978137804918\n ],\n [\n -78.98071289062499,\n 38.839707613545144\n ],\n [\n -79.288330078125,\n 38.41055825094609\n ],\n [\n -79.5849609375,\n 38.58252615935333\n ],\n [\n -80.26611328125,\n 37.74465712069939\n ],\n [\n -80.31005859375,\n 37.501010429493284\n ],\n [\n -81.10107421874999,\n 37.23032838760387\n ],\n [\n -81.375732421875,\n 37.31775185163688\n ],\n [\n -81.661376953125,\n 37.17782559332976\n ],\n [\n -81.9580078125,\n 37.50972584293751\n ],\n [\n -83.70483398437499,\n 36.62434536776987\n ],\n [\n -75.849609375,\n 36.57142382346277\n ],\n [\n -75.08056640625,\n 38.453588708941375\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gibson, T. G.","contributorId":103702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibson","given":"T. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bybell, Laurel M. 0000-0002-4760-7542 lbybell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-7542","contributorId":1760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bybell","given":"Laurel","email":"lbybell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70231178,"text":"70231178 - 1984 - Guidebook for the annual field conference of Pennsylvania geologists: Geology of an accreted terrane; the eastern Hamburg Klippe and surrounding rocks, eastern Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-02T16:30:59.954029","indexId":"70231178","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-31T11:24:45","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Guidebook for the annual field conference of Pennsylvania geologists: Geology of an accreted terrane; the eastern Hamburg Klippe and surrounding rocks, eastern Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","conferenceTitle":"49th Annual Field Conference of Pennsylvania Geologists; Geology of an accreted terrane; the eastern Hamburg Klippe and surrounding rocks, eastern Pennsylvania","conferenceDate":"Oct 5-6, 1984","conferenceLocation":"Reading, PA","language":"English","publisher":"Field Conference of Pennsylvania Geologists","usgsCitation":"Lyttle, P.T., Epstein, J.B., and Lash, G.G., 1984, Guidebook for the annual field conference of Pennsylvania geologists: Geology of an accreted terrane; the eastern Hamburg Klippe and surrounding rocks, eastern Pennsylvania, v. 49, 151 p.","productDescription":"151 p.","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399977,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":399976,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fcopg.org/download-guidebooks"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"eastern Hamburg Klippe","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.12152099609375,\n 40.48664852056083\n ],\n [\n -75.6134033203125,\n 40.48664852056083\n ],\n [\n -75.6134033203125,\n 40.78678041401646\n ],\n [\n -76.12152099609375,\n 40.78678041401646\n ],\n [\n -76.12152099609375,\n 40.48664852056083\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyttle, Peter T. plyttle@usgs.gov","contributorId":293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyttle","given":"Peter","email":"plyttle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":841866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Epstein, Jack B. jepstein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"Jack","email":"jepstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lash, Gary George","contributorId":45339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lash","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":841868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70198205,"text":"70198205 - 1984 - Canyon-filling lavas and lava dams on the Boise River, Idaho, and their significance for evaluating downcutting during the last 2 million years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-20T09:54:13","indexId":"70198205","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"26","title":"Canyon-filling lavas and lava dams on the Boise River, Idaho, and their significance for evaluating downcutting during the last 2 million years","docAbstract":"Basalts that periodically dammed the Boise River and its South Fork over the last 2 million years reveal the canyon history and illustrate how lava interacted with impounded river water. Intracanyon basalt flows record a granite canyon successively filled by lava and then recut at least five times in the last 2 million years. The most voluminous flow, Steamboat Rock Basalt, reached 60 kilometers downstream and spread out on the Snake River Plain just east of Boise. Lavas that reached the river were erupted from vents bordering the main canyon and adjacent tributaries. The river canyon was periodically flooded by basalt from these eruptions, reentrenched to a new lower level, then flooded again. This succession resulted in terraces of older flows high above the river and of younger flows lower on the canyon walls. The canyon-filling flows dammed the river and created deltas of pillow basalt and hyaloclastite overlain by massive subaerial basalt. Foreset beds in the hyaloclastite deposits and inclined pillows indicate flow into reservoirs behind the lava dams. A well-documented example of a lava dam is the one formed by the Smith Prairie Basalt, which is about 0.2 million years old. Potassium-argon ages calibrate a canyon history in which the river was lowered at a rate between 0.005 and 0.01 centimeter a year over the last 2 million years. The lava dams interrupted this lowering but were each rapidly incised in about a quarter of a million years at rates averaging 0.03 to 0.07 centimeter a year.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cenozoic geology of Idaho","language":"English","publisher":"Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology","publisherLocation":"Moscow, ID","usgsCitation":"Howard, K.A., Shervais, J.W., and McKee, E., 1984, Canyon-filling lavas and lava dams on the Boise River, Idaho, and their significance for evaluating downcutting during the last 2 million years, 13 p.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"629","endPage":"641","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355843,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":355842,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.idahogeology.org/product/b-26"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Boise River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.54296874999999,\n 42.94033923363181\n ],\n [\n -114.202880859375,\n 42.94033923363181\n ],\n [\n -114.202880859375,\n 44.28453670601888\n ],\n [\n -116.54296874999999,\n 44.28453670601888\n ],\n [\n -116.54296874999999,\n 42.94033923363181\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bonnichsen, Bill","contributorId":94358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonnichsen","given":"Bill","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740566,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breckenridge, R.M.","contributorId":206461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breckenridge","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740567,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Howard, Keith A. 0000-0002-6462-2947 khoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-2947","contributorId":3439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Keith","email":"khoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shervais, John W.","contributorId":57753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shervais","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKee, E.H.","contributorId":20736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207376,"text":"70207376 - 1984 - Origin of Hawaiian tholeiite: A metasomatic model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-03T15:04:42.86726","indexId":"70207376","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-18T13:01:15","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of Hawaiian tholeiite: A metasomatic model","docAbstract":"Two voluminous magma types generated in the mantle underlying the Pacific plate are mid‐ocean ridge tholeiite (MORB) erupted at the East Pacific Rise spreading center and Hawaiian tholeiite (HT) erupted above the Hawaiian hot spot or melting anomaly. MORB has low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios and low amounts of all incompatible trace elements including rare earths; chondrite‐normalized patterns are depleted in light rare earths. HT, by contrast, has higher initial 87Sr/86Sr and higher amounts of incompatible trace elements; chondrite‐nor‐malized patterns are enriched in the middle and light rare earths. HT is generally poorer in CaO and Al2O3 and much richer in total iron and TiO2 compared with MORB having the same MgO content. Primary magma compositions for the two volcanic systems are calculated in Fe‐Mg equilibrium with residual olivine (Fo92). MORB is generated by partial melting of a trace element depleted Iherzolite source leaving a residual assemblage dominated by olivine and orthopyroxene. The percentage of partial melting for a primary magma containing 15% MgO is calculated to be 35–42% in a source mantle having a heavy rare earth content of 3×chondrite and 33–35% MgO. HT, represented by Kilauea tholeiite, is generated by partial melting of a mixture of unmelted and residual mantle for MORB which has been modified by metasomatic addition of a nephelinitic fluid, amphibole, and minor amounts of apatite and Fe‐bearing phases such as sulfide and magnetite/ilmenite. This model yields a picritic magma in equilbrium with magnesian dunite at high (>40%) degrees of partial melting. The source also has 35% MgO before partial melting. Melting in both systems in polyvariant and not controlled by lower‐temperature invariant equilibria. The low‐velocity zone is considered to be the source of metasomatic fluids that are driven upward into the lowermost lithosphere in response to a thermal plume. Picritic primary magmas are produced by shear melting, localized in the zone of thinned and metasomatized lithosphere beneath Hawaii. Melt extraction is rapid and episodic at intervals of months to decades; magma is not stored in the mantle but passes upward to a plexus of storage reservoirs located 2–6 km beneath the surface of Kilauea. Kilauea primary magmas fractionate olivine during upward transport to reach bulk compositions of 13–14% MgO in storage. Different magma batches erupted to the surface, distinguished by different major and minor element compositons compared at similar MgO content, represent combinations of differing degrees of metasomatic enrichment, differing degrees of partial melting, and some effects of premelting mantle heterogeneity.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/JB089iB05p03233","usgsCitation":"Wright, T., 1984, Origin of Hawaiian tholeiite: A metasomatic model: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 89, no. 5, p. 3233-3252, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB05p03233.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"3233","endPage":"3252","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370418,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.48828125,\n 21.6778482933475\n ],\n [\n -156.181640625,\n 18.271086109608877\n ],\n [\n -154.0283203125,\n 19.68397023588844\n ],\n [\n -159.14794921875,\n 22.958393318086348\n ],\n [\n -160.48828125,\n 21.6778482933475\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Thomas L. twright@usgs.gov","contributorId":3890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Thomas L.","email":"twright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70207107,"text":"70207107 - 1984 - Deformation in the White Mountain seismic gap, California-Nevada, 1972-1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-28T15:37:25.281301","indexId":"70207107","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-06T11:52:36","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation in the White Mountain seismic gap, California-Nevada, 1972-1982","docAbstract":"A 100×40 km trilateration network extending from Bishop, California, to near Hawthorne, Nevada, crosses the east end of the Long Valley caldera, site of renewed magma inflation in the 1979–1980 interval, and spans most of the White Mountain seismic gap. The network was surveyed in 1972, 1973, 1976, 1979, 1980, and 1982. The 1980 survey may be contaminated by a scale error. In addition, leveling surveys across the caldera have been run in 1932, 1957, 1975, 1980, 1982, and 1983. Interpretation of the deformation is complicated by the occurrence of the May 1980 Mammoth Lakes earthquake sequence (four earthquakes ML≥6) at the south edge of the caldera as well as other moderate earthquakes within the White Mountain seismic gap. The vertical deformation is largely accounted for by 0.10‐ to 0.15‐km3 expansion of a spherical magma chamber 8–10 km beneath the resurgent dome within the Long Valley caldera sometime between July 1979 and September 1980 with an additional expansion of perhaps 0.05 km3 between September 1980 and July 1982. Some additional sources of deformation within the aftershock zone of the Mammoth Lakes earthquakes seem to be required to explain the horizontal deformation. We show that right‐lateral slip on vertical faults extending WNW from each of the three largest earthquakes in the Mammoth Lakes sequence provides the required additional deformation, but this solution is by no means unique. There are simply too few data to define the rather complex deformation that apparently occurred within the aftershock zone. There is little doubt, however, that inflation of a magma chamber beneath the resurgent dome within the Long Valley caldera was involved in the deformation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB089iB09p07671","usgsCitation":"Savage, J.C., and Lisowski, M., 1984, Deformation in the White Mountain seismic gap, California-Nevada, 1972-1982: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 89, no. B9, p. 7671-7687, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB09p07671.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"7671","endPage":"7687","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370040,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.44610595703124,\n 37.413800350662896\n ],\n [\n -118.22662353515624,\n 37.413800350662896\n ],\n [\n -118.22662353515624,\n 38.371808917147554\n ],\n [\n -119.44610595703124,\n 38.371808917147554\n ],\n [\n -119.44610595703124,\n 37.413800350662896\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"B9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, James C. 0000-0002-5114-7673 jasavage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":2412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"James","email":"jasavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, Michael 0000-0003-4818-2504 mlisowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-2504","contributorId":637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"Michael","email":"mlisowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70207103,"text":"70207103 - 1984 - Regional deformation near Palmdale, California, 1973-1983 (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-28T15:21:41.721361","indexId":"70207103","displayToPublicDate":"1984-12-06T10:28:59","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional deformation near Palmdale, California, 1973-1983 (USA)","docAbstract":"The Tehachapi trilateration network spans the intersection of the San Andreas and Garlock faults in southern California in the “Big Bend” region of the San Andreas fault. Analysis of data from 1973–1983 shows strain differences between the northwest and southeast regions of the network and slip at depth on both faults. The Palmdale network, spanning the San Andreas fault entirely within the Tehachapi network, showed increases of about 1 μstrain in both east‐west and north‐south extension in late 1979. The Tehachapi strains also jumped at this time, but the magnitude of the increase was only about one third that of Palmdale. The principal strain rates for Tehachapi over the time interval 1973–1983 are ![\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0001\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/e552692c-9980-4ea7-aa0c-c8bc21ab42fa/jgrb4718-math-0001.gif\")
μstrain/yr and ![\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0002\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/1add3584-2422-4463-94d0-3cddb1bed90f/jgrb4718-math-0002.gif\")
μstrain/yr, with the 1 axis directed N76°E. Strains were also computed for two subregions. The principal strain rates for the southeast Tehachapi region are ![\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0003\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/7d1a542b-f435-413e-b2a0-2bbdd7bd5423/jgrb4718-math-0003.gif\")
μstrain/yr and ![\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0004\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/52c9e8fb-c23f-4510-b0ce-6702d4ca6256/jgrb4718-math-0004.gif\")
μStrain/yr, with the 1 axis directed N73°E. This result differs significantly from the principal strain rates at Palmdale ( ![\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0005\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/7334fe58-4beb-414a-882e-d973f41ef8bf/jgrb4718-math-0005.gif\")
μstrain/yr, ![\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0006\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/f78759f7-2ba0-42a7-b8ed-2a487c74be0e/jgrb4718-math-0006.gif\")
μstrain/yr, with the 1 axis directed N71°E). For the northwest Tehachapi region, ![\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0007\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/69e7ace1-9f50-481d-ba70-14e69959d3b5/jgrb4718-math-0007.gif\")
μstrain/yr and ![\"urn:x-wiley:01480227:media:jgrb4718:jgrb4718-math-0008\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/attachment/fe880333-465b-4ccb-8d07-f7628ee502b3/jgrb4718-math-0008.gif\")
μstrain/yr, with the 1 axis directed N93°E.
Stream sediments adsorb certain solutes from streams, thereby significantly changing the solute composition; but little is known about the details and rates of these adsorptive processes. To investigate such processes, a 24-hr. injection of a solution containing chloride, strontium, potassium, sodium and lead was made at the head of a 640-m reach of Uvas Creek in west-central Santa Clara County, California. Uvas Creek is a cobble-bed pool-and-riffle stream draining the eastern slopes of the Santa Cruz Mountains. By September 12, 1973, after a long dry season, Uvas Creek had a low (0.0215 m3s−1 average) flow which varied diurnally, from 0.018 to 0.025 m3s−1. Because stream discharge varied while the injection rate was constant, the concentration of tracers (injected solutes), after mixing in the stream, varied inversely with discharge.
Chloride, a nonreactive solute, served as a tracer of water movement. Analysis of extensive chloride concentration data at five sites below the injection point during and after the injection demonstrated that there was considerable underflow of water through the stream gravels; however, the extent of underflow varied greatly within the study reach. Pre-injection water, displaced by tracer-laden water percolating through the gravels, diluted tracers in the stream channel, giving the mistaken impression of groundwater inflow at some points. Accurate measurement of total discharge in such streams requires prolonged tracer injection unless a reach can be found where underflow is negligible.
Strontium and potassium were adsorbed by the bed sediments to a moderate extent and lead was strongly adsorbed. A high proportion of these metals could be removed by adsorption from percolating underflow because of extensive and intimate contact with bed sediments. After channel clearing following injection cutoff, 51% of the added strontium and 96% of the lead remained in the study reach, whereas only 19% of the chloride remained. Packets of sized sediment, placed in the stream before the experiment and withdrawn during and after the injection, indicated that the strontium absorbed on the 0.42–0.50-mm size sediment appeared to achieve near equilibrium with dissolved strontium within less than 2 hr. whereas 3.4–4.0-mm grains had not reached that stage after 24 hr.
The cation-exchange capacity (CEC) of the sediments shows a “bimodal” distribution with grain size. Largest values are in the finest sizes, lower values in the fine-to-medium sand-size range, intermediate values in the coarse- to very coarse-grained sand, and decreasing values with size above very coarse-grained sand. This considerable exchange capacity in coarse-sand to granule-size particles means that a streambed, that has not been infilled with fines to reduce permeability, can be highly reactive and accessible throughout a rather thick sediment layer and hence have a large and available reactive capacity.
As stream discharge increases from low flow, the ratio of underflow to channel flow should decrease rapidly with resultant diminution in percent of solutes sorbed within a particular stream reach.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(84)90046-5","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, V.C., Jackman, A.P., Zand, S., Zellweger, G.W., and Avanzino, R., 1984, Transport and concentration controls for chloride, strontium, potassium and lead in Uvas Creek, a small cobble-bed stream in Santa Clara County, California, U.S.A.: 1. Conceptual model: Journal of Hydrology, v. 75, no. 1-4, p. 67-110, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(84)90046-5.","productDescription":"44 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"110","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357589,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Clara County","otherGeospatial":"Uvas Creek","volume":"75","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, V. C.","contributorId":46080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackman, A. P.","contributorId":46957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackman","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zand, S.M.","contributorId":25699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zand","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zellweger, G. W.","contributorId":55445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellweger","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Avanzino, R.J.","contributorId":37336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avanzino","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70013515,"text":"70013515 - 1984 - Biological communities at the Florida Escarpment resemble hydrothermal vent taxa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-30T17:27:49.949424","indexId":"70013515","displayToPublicDate":"1984-11-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biological communities at the Florida Escarpment resemble hydrothermal vent taxa","docAbstract":"Dense biological communities of large epifaunal taxa similar to those found along ridge crest vents at the East Pacific Rise were discovered in the abyssal Gulf of Mexico. These assemblages occur on a passive continental margin at the base of the Florida Escarpment, the interface between the relatively impermeable hemipelagic clays of the distal Mississippi Fan and the jointed Cretaceous limestone of the Florida Platform. The fauna apparently is nourished by sulfide rich hypersaline waters seeping out at near ambient temperatures onto the sea floor.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.226.4677.965","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Paull, C.K., Hecker, B., Commeau, R., Freeman-Lynde, R.P., Neumann, C., Corso, W., Golubic, S., Hook, J., Sikes, E., and Curray, J., 1984, Biological communities at the Florida Escarpment resemble hydrothermal vent taxa: Science, v. 226, no. 4677, p. 965-967, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.226.4677.965.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"965","endPage":"967","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220594,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Escarpment","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.34024487052253,\n 30.07605910739204\n ],\n [\n -86.34024487052253,\n 25.0903140051866\n ],\n [\n -80.90280590664406,\n 25.0903140051866\n ],\n [\n -80.90280590664406,\n 30.07605910739204\n ],\n [\n -86.34024487052253,\n 30.07605910739204\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"226","issue":"4677","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f165e4b0c8380cd4ac39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paull, C. K.","contributorId":86845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hecker, Barbara","contributorId":33843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hecker","given":"Barbara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7135,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":366236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Commeau, R.","contributorId":29954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Commeau","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman-Lynde, R. P.","contributorId":102203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman-Lynde","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neumann, C.","contributorId":26438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neumann","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Corso, W.P.","contributorId":78875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corso","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Golubic, S.","contributorId":20466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golubic","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hook, J.E.","contributorId":9769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hook","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sikes, E.","contributorId":91239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sikes","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Curray, J.","contributorId":29955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curray","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70013768,"text":"70013768 - 1984 - Sedimentary processes on the Atlantic Continental Slope of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T17:07:32.537371","indexId":"70013768","displayToPublicDate":"1984-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentary processes on the Atlantic Continental Slope of the United States","docAbstract":"Until recently, the sedimentary processes on the United States Atlantic Continental Slope were inferred mainly from descriptive studies based on the bathymetry and on widely spaced grab samples, bottom photographs, and seismic-reflection profiles. Over the past 6 years, however, much additional information has been collected on the bottom morphology, characteristics of shallow-subbottom strata, velocity of bottom currents, and transport of suspended and bottom sediments. A review of these new data provides a much clearer understanding of the kinds and relative importance of gravitational and hydrodynamic processes that affect the surface sediments. On the rugged slope between Georges Bank and Cape Lookout, N.C., these processes include: (1) small scale mass wasting within submarine canyons and peripheral gullies; (2) density flows within some submarine valleys; (3) sand spillover near the shelf break; (4) sediment creep on the upper slope; and (5) hemipelagic sedimentation on the middle and lower slope. The area between Georges Bank and Hudson Canyon is further distinguished by the relative abundance of large-scale slump scars and deposits on the open slope, the presence of ice-rafted debris, and the transport of sand within the heads of some submarine canyons. Between Cape Lookout and southern Florida, the slope divides into two physiographic units, and the topography is smooth and featureless. On the Florida—Hatteras Slope, offshelf sand spillover and sediment winnowing, related to Gulf Stream flow and possibly to storm-driven currents, are the major processes, whereas hemipelagic sedimentation is dominant over the offshore slope along the seaward edge of the Blake Plateau north of the Blake Spur. Slumping generally is absent south of Cape Lookout, although one large slump scarp (related to uplift over salt diapirs) has been identified east of Cape Romain. Future studies concerning sedimentary processes on the Atlantic slope need to resolve: (1) the ages and mechanisms of mass wasting; (2) the accumulation rates and thicknesses of hemipelagic sediments; and (3) the causes and variability of offshelf sand spillover, sediment winnowing, and canyon transport.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(84)90107-5","usgsCitation":"Knebel, H.J., 1984, Sedimentary processes on the Atlantic Continental Slope of the United States: Marine Geology, v. 61, no. 1, p. 43-74, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(84)90107-5.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"74","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219941,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8a32e4b08c986b3170a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knebel, Harley J.","contributorId":25930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knebel","given":"Harley","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199548,"text":"70199548 - 1984 - Offshore exploration and industry change: The case of the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-13T14:50:04.105169","indexId":"70199548","displayToPublicDate":"1984-09-01T15:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5748,"text":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Offshore exploration and industry change: The case of the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"This paper considers industry structure and the exploration performance (by size class of operator) of firms searching for oil and gas in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. It also tracks the changes in industry structure that have occurred in response to a decline in the quality of remaining prospects in the area. Data presented indicate that because vertically integrated majors dominated in exploration in the early years of the Gulf of Mexico exploration history, they were able to discover 86% of the total hydrocarbons discovered through 1975. However, the data also show a dynamic relationship between the structure of the industry operating in an area and the quality of remaining prospects. The relative share of both credited discoveries and wildcat wells of nonmajor operators has increased as exploration in the gulf proceeded. For example, in state-owned waters from 1951 to 1955, major inns accounted for 85% of all wildcat wells drilled, whereas from 1971 to 1975 these firms accounted for only 30% of the wildcat wells. During these same two periods in the federal Gulf of Mexico, the majors' share of wildcats fell from 98% to 70%.
","doi":"10.2118/11152-PA","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E., and Drew, L.J., 1984, Offshore exploration and industry change: The case of the Gulf of Mexico: Journal of Petroleum Technology, v. 36, no. 3, p. 437-442, https://doi.org/10.2118/11152-PA.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"437","endPage":"442","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357564,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, Emil D. 0000-0001-6845-7160 attanasi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":198728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"Emil D.","email":"attanasi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drew, L. J.","contributorId":118947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70221677,"text":"70221677 - 1984 - Age of the Comfort Member of the Castle Hayne Formation, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-28T16:27:57.791133","indexId":"70221677","displayToPublicDate":"1984-09-01T11:20:43","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age of the Comfort Member of the Castle Hayne Formation, North Carolina","docAbstract":"The biostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic position of the Comfort Member of the Castle Hayne Formation has been the subject of much debate. At the Martin-Marietta Quarry at Castle Hayne, New Hanover County, North Carolina, the planktic foraminifers indicate an assignment within an interval of the uppermost Turborotalia frontosa Zone to the Turborotalia pomeroli Zone. The calcareous nannofossils indicate an assignment to the middle part of the Chiasmolithus solitus Zone. The dinocyst data indicate placement in the upper part of the Kisselovia coleothrypta Zone of Costa and Downie. These zonal units are considered to be within the middle Eocene of international usage, and, on the basis of the time scale used in this paper, the Chiasmolithus solitus Zone represents a time interval of 42.1 to 45.4 megaannums (Ma). This differs significantly from a Rb/Sr glauconite date of 34.8 ± 1.0 Ma previously obtained at the same locality.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1984)95<1040:AOTCMO>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hazel, J.E., Bybell, L.M., Edwards, L.E., Jones, G.D., and Ward, L.W., 1984, Age of the Comfort Member of the Castle Hayne Formation, North Carolina: GSA Bulletin, v. 95, no. 9-10, p. 1040-1044, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1984)95<1040:AOTCMO>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1040","endPage":"1044","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"New Hanover County","city":"Castle Hayne","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.92791366577148,\n 34.33401010846338\n ],\n [\n -77.86688804626465,\n 34.33401010846338\n ],\n [\n -77.86688804626465,\n 34.38049178631383\n ],\n [\n -77.92791366577148,\n 34.38049178631383\n ],\n [\n -77.92791366577148,\n 34.33401010846338\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"95","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hazel, J. E.","contributorId":89187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hazel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bybell, Laurel M. 0000-0002-4760-7542 lbybell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-7542","contributorId":1760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bybell","given":"Laurel","email":"lbybell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, G. D.","contributorId":31971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ward, L. W.","contributorId":58704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70013809,"text":"70013809 - 1984 - Sinking of volcanic ash in uncompacted sediment in Williams Lake, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-17T16:53:03.564208","indexId":"70013809","displayToPublicDate":"1984-08-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sinking of volcanic ash in uncompacted sediment in Williams Lake, Washington","docAbstract":"Volcanic ash from the eruption of Mount St. Helens on 18 May 1980 fell into Williams Lake in eastern Washington and was temporarily suspended at the sediment-water interface. After several months of compaction, the ash layer broke up and sank into lower density uncompacted lake sediment. Stratigraphic time displacements of several hundred years and a failure to recognize discontinuous ash layers in sediment cores are possible consequences of this process.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.225.4661.505","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R., Nuhfer, E., and Dean, W., 1984, Sinking of volcanic ash in uncompacted sediment in Williams Lake, Washington: Science, v. 225, no. 4661, p. 505-508, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.225.4661.505.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"505","endPage":"508","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220613,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Williams Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.71303740955221,\n 47.336647953925194\n ],\n [\n -117.71303740955221,\n 47.31700552527329\n ],\n [\n -117.66661224970237,\n 47.31700552527329\n ],\n [\n -117.66661224970237,\n 47.336647953925194\n ],\n [\n -117.71303740955221,\n 47.336647953925194\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"225","issue":"4661","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90e9e4b08c986b3196d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, R.Y.","contributorId":22789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nuhfer, E.B.","contributorId":89281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nuhfer","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, W.E.","contributorId":97099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014072,"text":"70014072 - 1984 - Shoreface translation and the Holocene stratigraphic record: Examples from Nova Scotia, the Mississippi Delta and eastern Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T18:22:01.660768","indexId":"70014072","displayToPublicDate":"1984-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shoreface translation and the Holocene stratigraphic record: Examples from Nova Scotia, the Mississippi Delta and eastern Australia","docAbstract":"Classic descriptive models of barrier sedimentation have been developed with data from the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States. These models are dominated by low to moderate rates of relative sea level (RSL) rise and wave energy. Barriers respond by landward recycling of sediment through the mechanism of shoreface retreat. Sedimentation processes on the central coast of New South Wales (N.S.W.), Australia, consist of rapid RSL rise in early Holocene times followed by a stillstand since 6500 B.P. Wave energy is relatively high year-round and sand sources for barrier formation are only found on the inner shelf. Barrier sedimentation on the central coast of N.S.W. exhibits a thick, composite sequence composed of a basal marine transgressive sand overlain by regressive beach and dune facies.
The Louisiana coast surrounding the Mississippi delta is underlain by compacting deltaic muds which generate very rapid rates of RSL rise. The Louisiana coast experiences low wave energy punctuated by high-energy tropical and extra-tropical storm events. Barrier sediments accumulate from the erosion of deltaic headlands and undergo a transformation from subaerial barrier island systems to subaqueous shoals located on the inner shelf. Drumlins experience coastal erosion on the Eastern Shore of Nova Scotia and provide a sediment source for compartmented estuary mouth barriers. An ongoing, moderate rise of RSL results from the passage of a glacial forebulge. Wave energy is intermediate between Louisiana and N.S.W. and displays a seasonal pattern dominated by frequent winter storms. Coastal barrier sedimentation is episodic, consisting of a period of beach ridge progradation followed by barrier destruction and re-establishment further landward.
The three contrasting sedimentary sequences found in examples from Louisiana, N.S.W. and Nova Scotia indicate that presently available sedimentation models from locations such as the middle Atlantic or Texas coasts of the United States may only represent well-documented regional case studies. A true generalised coastal sedimentation model is required which can identify the parameters controlling vertical and horizontal translation of the depositional surface and provide relationships between these parameters which quantitatively predict the genesis, distribution and geometry of coastal sedimentary facies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(84)90159-2","usgsCitation":"Boyd, R., and Penland, S., 1984, Shoreface translation and the Holocene stratigraphic record: Examples from Nova Scotia, the Mississippi Delta and eastern Australia: Marine Geology, v. 60, no. 1-4, p. 391-412, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(84)90159-2.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"412","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225553,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e8fe4b08c986b3189e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyd, Ron","contributorId":54737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Ron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Penland, S.","contributorId":58778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penland","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5220768,"text":"5220768 - 1984 - Movements of translocated wolves in Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T17:11:22.117423","indexId":"5220768","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movements of translocated wolves in Minnesota","docAbstract":"From Feb. 1975-May 1978, 104 wolves (Canis lupus) captured at or near Minnesota farms where depredations on livestock had been reported were translocated northward and eastward for 50-317 km into extensive forests; 3 others were released westward. Nine wolves were translocated twice, and 1 three times. Information on movements was obtained by radiotracking 17 wolves and by recovery of 16 others. All radio-tagged wolves left the release areas; adults left quickly, but pups generally remained longer, behaved less decisively, and settled nearby temporarily. Wolves released together did not remain together. Initial travel of most radio-tagged adults was between south and west, the general direction to their original location. Final directions were primarily to the west and northwest, due in part to physiographic barriers. Eight adults homed, 1 twice, to capture areas that were < 64 km from release sites. Nonhoming wolves were radiotracked and/or recovered 32-351 km from their capture sites and 23-302 km from their release sites. Translocation was largely unsuccessful at keeping problem wolves out of lifestock production areas. The problem of initial travel away from release sites in wolf reintroductions probably could be minimized by transport and release of 6-9 mo. old wolves.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801418","usgsCitation":"Fritts, S., Paul, W., and Mech, L., 1984, Movements of translocated wolves in Minnesota: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 3, p. 709-721, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801418.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"709","endPage":"721","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197771,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"48","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698bc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fritts, Steven H.","contributorId":93975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"Steven H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paul, W.J.","contributorId":60579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paul","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013742,"text":"70013742 - 1984 - The 1984 Morgan Hill, California, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-17T16:57:27.209174","indexId":"70013742","displayToPublicDate":"1984-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 1984 Morgan Hill, California, earthquake","docAbstract":"The Morgan Hill, California, earthquake (magnitude 6.1) of 24 April 1984 ruptured a 30-kilometer-long segment of the Calaveras fault zone to the east of San Jose. Although it was recognized in 1980 that an earthquake of magnitude 6 occurred on this segment in 1911 and that a repeat of this event might reasonably be expected, no short-term precursors were noted and so the time of the 1984 earthquake was not predicted. Unilateral rupture propagation toward the south-southeast and an energetic late source of seismic radiation located near the southeast end of the rupture zone contributed to the highly focused pattern of strong motion, including an exceptionally large horizontal acceleration of 1.29g at a site on a dam abutment near the southeast end of the rupture zone.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.225.4659.288","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Bakun, W.H., Clark, M.M., Cockerham, R., Ellsworth, W., Lindh, A., Prescott, W., Shakal, A., and Spudich, P., 1984, The 1984 Morgan Hill, California, earthquake: Science, v. 225, no. 4659, p. 288-291, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.225.4659.288.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"288","endPage":"291","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220392,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Morgan Hill","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.67997194384967,\n 37.15785438793927\n ],\n [\n -121.67997194384967,\n 37.11621667214587\n ],\n [\n -121.62087504633425,\n 37.11621667214587\n ],\n [\n -121.62087504633425,\n 37.15785438793927\n ],\n [\n -121.67997194384967,\n 37.15785438793927\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"225","issue":"4659","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba62be4b08c986b320f2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bakun, W. H.","contributorId":67055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakun","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, M. M.","contributorId":41877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cockerham, R.S.","contributorId":21421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cockerham","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellsworth, W.L.","contributorId":48541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lindh, A.G.","contributorId":24784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindh","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Prescott, W.H.","contributorId":96337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prescott","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shakal, A.F.","contributorId":70156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shakal","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Spudich, P.","contributorId":85700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spudich","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70175808,"text":"70175808 - 1984 - Areal lithologic changes in bedrock aquifers in southeastern Minnesota as determined from natural-gamma borehole logs methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T12:16:32","indexId":"70175808","displayToPublicDate":"1984-06-12T11:45:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Areal lithologic changes in bedrock aquifers in southeastern Minnesota as determined from natural-gamma borehole logs methods","docAbstract":"Sedimentary rocks of Paleozoic age in the Hollandale embayment in southeastern Minnesota are as much as 2,000 feet thick and, with the underlying Hinckley sandstone of Proterozoic age, comprise the following five layered aquifers (beginning with the oldest): the Mount Simon-Hinckley, Ironton-Galesville, Prairie du Chien-Jordan, St. Peter and Upper Carbonate. Many of the Paleozoic formations show transitional facies changes from a deep marine depositional environment in the middle of the embayment to a near shore environment along the periphery. Borehole natural-gamma logs were collected to investigate the effects of regional lithologic changes on the hydrology of the Ironton-Galesville, Prairie du Chien-Jordan and St. Peter aquifers.
\nInterpretation of natural-gamma logs shows that a fine-grained sandstone at the base of the Galesville sandstone (basal part of the Ironton-Galesville aquifer) thickens toward the central part of the embayment, which may account for the decrease in hydraulic conductivity of the Ironton-Galesville aquifer in that direction.
\nThe Jordan sandstone, which underlies the Prairie du Chien Group, consists of three members in southeastern Minnesota: the basal Norwalk member, a silty, fine-grained sandstone; the middle Van Oser member, a coarse- to medium-grained quartzose sandstone; and the upper Sunset Point member, a clayey dolomitic sandstone. The Norwalk and Van Oser members were identified by interpretation of natural-gamma logs. Hydraulic conductivity of the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer generally is highest in the Twin City basin (50 feet per day) where the Van Oser is the predominant member; it is lowest to the east and southeast (25 feet per day) where the Norwalk member thickens.
\nInterpretation of natural-gamma logs indicates that the shaley and silty sandstones that comprise the basal St. Peter confining bed, which separates the St. Peter and Prairie du Chien aquifers, are as much as 80 feet thick in the Twin City basin, but are absent in the southern part of the embayment. Differences in potentiometric head across the basal St. Peter are about 30 feet in the Twin City basin where the confining bed is present but only 5 to 10 feet to the south where the confining bed is absent and where the St. Peter aquifer directly overlies the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer.
","conferenceTitle":"Conference on Surface and Borehole Geophysical Investigations","conferenceDate":"February 7-9, 1984","conferenceLocation":"San Antonio, Texas","language":"English","publisher":"National Water Well Association/Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Woodward, D.G., 1984, Areal lithologic changes in bedrock aquifers in southeastern Minnesota as determined from natural-gamma borehole logs methods, Conference on Surface and Borehole Geophysical Investigations, San Antonio, Texas, February 7-9, 1984, p. 788-800.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"788","endPage":"800","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326935,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Twin Cities Metropolitan Area","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-93.5093,45.4163],[-93.1289,45.4153],[-93.0186,45.4131],[-93.0188,45.2984],[-92.7894,45.297],[-92.7439,45.2963],[-92.7516,45.2935],[-92.7551,45.2927],[-92.7583,45.2904],[-92.7597,45.2872],[-92.7604,45.2845],[-92.7591,45.2794],[-92.7559,45.2739],[-92.7527,45.2694],[-92.7515,45.2657],[-92.7526,45.2626],[-92.7535,45.2584],[-92.7561,45.2541],[-92.7575,45.2502],[-92.7569,45.2443],[-92.7557,45.2397],[-92.7553,45.2356],[-92.7538,45.2305],[-92.7536,45.2276],[-92.7521,45.2236],[-92.752,45.2196],[-92.7527,45.2168],[-92.7546,45.2136],[-92.7573,45.2107],[-92.7603,45.2065],[-92.7619,45.2041],[-92.7632,45.2009],[-92.7637,45.1972],[-92.764,45.1895],[-92.7629,45.1853],[-92.7557,45.178],[-92.7522,45.1759],[-92.7493,45.173],[-92.748,45.1698],[-92.7472,45.1634],[-92.7483,45.1597],[-92.7475,45.1551],[-92.7473,45.1515],[-92.7484,45.1483],[-92.749,45.1419],[-92.7484,45.1373],[-92.7441,45.1264],[-92.7415,45.1172],[-92.7422,45.1135],[-92.7446,45.11],[-92.7467,45.1076],[-92.7513,45.1045],[-92.7591,45.0999],[-92.7624,45.0972],[-92.7803,45.0849],[-92.7847,45.083],[-92.7885,45.0806],[-92.7917,45.0791],[-92.795,45.0772],[-92.7982,45.0746],[-92.8001,45.0723],[-92.8019,45.0647],[-92.8016,45.0597],[-92.8005,45.0567],[-92.7984,45.0531],[-92.7952,45.0499],[-92.7926,45.0481],[-92.7881,45.0453],[-92.7837,45.0421],[-92.7745,45.0373],[-92.7707,45.0344],[-92.7683,45.0325],[-92.7645,45.0265],[-92.7639,45.0237],[-92.7639,45.0196],[-92.7682,45.0005],[-92.7694,44.9909],[-92.7686,44.9796],[-92.7646,44.9711],[-92.7547,44.9571],[-92.7527,44.9527],[-92.7523,44.9481],[-92.753,44.9369],[-92.7534,44.9237],[-92.7547,44.9159],[-92.7569,44.9105],[-92.7606,44.9068],[-92.7645,44.9046],[-92.767,44.9039],[-92.7707,44.9023],[-92.7729,44.901],[-92.775,44.8982],[-92.7738,44.8933],[-92.7689,44.8848],[-92.7632,44.8759],[-92.7628,44.8716],[-92.763,44.8671],[-92.7644,44.8622],[-92.7682,44.8554],[-92.7683,44.853],[-92.7671,44.8494],[-92.7652,44.8462],[-92.7646,44.8423],[-92.7644,44.8382],[-92.766,44.8308],[-92.7679,44.8265],[-92.7719,44.8211],[-92.7751,44.8161],[-92.7784,44.8125],[-92.7801,44.8095],[-92.781,44.8056],[-92.7823,44.8029],[-92.783,44.7966],[-92.7858,44.7893],[-92.7909,44.7842],[-92.7993,44.7765],[-92.802,44.7729],[-92.8046,44.7683],[-92.8059,44.7624],[-92.8073,44.7524],[-92.8061,44.7483],[-92.8054,44.7473],[-92.8022,44.7446],[-92.7901,44.7381],[-92.7805,44.7344],[-92.7722,44.7317],[-92.7658,44.7289],[-92.7569,44.7234],[-92.7536,44.7226],[-92.7471,44.7204],[-92.7415,44.7192],[-92.7339,44.7157],[-92.737,44.658],[-92.7386,44.6329],[-92.7957,44.6305],[-92.7915,44.5452],[-92.9165,44.5449],[-92.9179,44.5221],[-92.9218,44.518],[-92.9282,44.5158],[-92.9321,44.513],[-92.941,44.5149],[-92.9449,44.5131],[-92.9494,44.5104],[-92.9584,44.514],[-92.9634,44.5177],[-92.975,44.5159],[-92.9827,44.5173],[-92.991,44.5215],[-93.0057,44.5197],[-93.0121,44.5175],[-93.0166,44.5166],[-93.0275,44.5198],[-93.0301,44.5148],[-93.0346,44.5148],[-93.039,44.5171],[-93.0406,44.4729],[-93.2826,44.473],[-93.2798,44.546],[-93.5259,44.5466],[-93.9091,44.5446],[-93.9117,44.5492],[-93.9078,44.5528],[-93.9027,44.5524],[-93.9008,44.5492],[-93.8956,44.5483],[-93.8937,44.5515],[-93.8963,44.5561],[-93.9008,44.5606],[-93.8996,44.5647],[-93.8957,44.5675],[-93.8958,44.5711],[-93.8996,44.5743],[-93.8958,44.5775],[-93.8939,44.5807],[-93.8959,44.5871],[-93.8991,44.5903],[-93.8908,44.5962],[-93.8857,44.5967],[-93.8838,44.6012],[-93.878,44.6013],[-93.878,44.6077],[-93.8716,44.6063],[-93.8658,44.6063],[-93.8569,44.6168],[-93.8563,44.6218],[-93.8505,44.6219],[-93.8447,44.6201],[-93.8422,44.6233],[-93.8358,44.6242],[-93.8319,44.6251],[-93.8217,44.6297],[-93.8031,44.6366],[-93.7999,44.6361],[-93.7967,44.6343],[-93.7935,44.6311],[-93.7883,44.632],[-93.78,44.6362],[-93.7768,44.6385],[-93.7729,44.6366],[-93.7723,44.6325],[-93.7691,44.6312],[-93.7665,44.6362],[-93.7685,44.6417],[-93.7686,44.675],[-93.8887,44.6756],[-93.8902,44.7185],[-94.0104,44.719],[-94.0085,44.8947],[-94.0136,44.8951],[-94.0117,44.9796],[-93.7692,44.9789],[-93.7702,45.0734],[-93.7663,45.077],[-93.7631,45.0839],[-93.7534,45.0853],[-93.7399,45.0894],[-93.7341,45.0922],[-93.7322,45.0963],[-93.7257,45.1022],[-93.7225,45.11],[-93.72,45.1205],[-93.7155,45.1269],[-93.7019,45.1374],[-93.6852,45.1489],[-93.6793,45.1525],[-93.6716,45.1562],[-93.6574,45.1585],[-93.6554,45.1599],[-93.6529,45.1631],[-93.6503,45.169],[-93.6516,45.1841],[-93.6549,45.1905],[-93.6555,45.1969],[-93.6562,45.201],[-93.6471,45.2079],[-93.6387,45.2074],[-93.6361,45.206],[-93.6329,45.2056],[-93.6258,45.2092],[-93.6167,45.2115],[-93.6096,45.2111],[-93.6031,45.2111],[-93.5967,45.2134],[-93.5857,45.2189],[-93.5792,45.2189],[-93.5734,45.2202],[-93.5676,45.2225],[-93.5617,45.2289],[-93.554,45.2298],[-93.5462,45.2289],[-93.5371,45.2294],[-93.5332,45.2317],[-93.5197,45.2417],[-93.5158,45.2458],[-93.5138,45.2454],[-93.5093,45.4163]]]},\"properties\"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G.","contributorId":106458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013307,"text":"70013307 - 1984 - Discovery of two new large submarine canyons in the Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T17:01:52.772728","indexId":"70013307","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discovery of two new large submarine canyons in the Bering Sea","docAbstract":"The Beringian continental margin is incised by some of the world's largest submarine canyons. Two newly discovered canyons, St. Matthew and Middle, are hereby added to the roster of Bering Sea canyons. Although these canyons are smaller and not cut back into the Bering shelf like the five very large canyons, they are nonetheless comparable in size to most of the canyons that have been cut into the U.S. eastern continental margin and much larger than the well-known southern California canyons. Both igneous and sedimentary rocks of Eocene to Pliocene age have been dredged from the walls of St. Matthew and Middle Canyons as well as from the walls of several of the other Beringian margin canyons, thus suggesting a late Tertiary to Quaternary genesis of the canyons. We speculate that the ancestral Yukon and possibly Anadyr Rivers were instrumental in initiating the canyon-cutting processes, but that, due to restrictions imposed by island and subsea bedrock barriers, cutting of the two newly discovered canyons may have begun later and been slower than for the other five canyons.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(84)90011-2","usgsCitation":"Carlson, P.R., and Karl, H.A., 1984, Discovery of two new large submarine canyons in the Bering Sea: Marine Geology, v. 56, no. 1-4, p. 159-179, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(84)90011-2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"179","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220365,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -175.70567061914593,\n 64.7045344412486\n ],\n [\n -175.70567061914593,\n 60.36782445864782\n ],\n [\n -166.4061387257148,\n 60.36782445864782\n ],\n [\n -166.4061387257148,\n 64.7045344412486\n ],\n [\n -175.70567061914593,\n 64.7045344412486\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01f3e4b0c8380cd4fdec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, Paul R.","contributorId":81469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karl, Herman A.","contributorId":80649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70208969,"text":"70208969 - 1984 - Recent studies indicate that major structures in northeastern Nevada and the Golconda thrust in north-central Nevada are of Jurassic or Cretaceous age","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-09T14:16:46","indexId":"70208969","displayToPublicDate":"1984-03-09T14:08:51","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent studies indicate that major structures in northeastern Nevada and the Golconda thrust in north-central Nevada are of Jurassic or Cretaceous age","docAbstract":"Geologic mapping recently completed in four areas of northeastern Nevada indicates that major folds and thrusts are of post-Early Triassic age and probably are Jurassic or Cretaceous. Previously published data for northeastern Nevada lead to, or permit, the same conclusion. Basinal deposits of Early Triassic age in the northern Adobe Range are easterly derived clay and carbonate. The apparent lack of westerly derived siliceous orogenic sediments of Sonoma age (Late Permian to Early Triassic) suggests that the Sonoma orogeny took place at some unknown location far from northeastern Nevada and that rocks deformed then, the Golconda allochthon, were emplaced in northern Nevada at a later date.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1984)12<483:RSITMS>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ketner, K.B., 1984, Recent studies indicate that major structures in northeastern Nevada and the Golconda thrust in north-central Nevada are of Jurassic or Cretaceous age: Geology, v. 12, no. 8, p. 483-486, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1984)12<483:RSITMS>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"483","endPage":"486","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373023,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Northeastern Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.38916015624999,\n 39.87601941962116\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 39.87601941962116\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -116.38916015624999,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -116.38916015624999,\n 39.87601941962116\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ketner, Keith B.","contributorId":957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketner","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":784228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}