{"pageNumber":"3510","pageRowStart":"87725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184938,"records":[{"id":70020844,"text":"70020844 - 1998 - Beaver lodge distributions and damage assessments in a forested wetland ecosystem in the southern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:51","indexId":"70020844","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beaver lodge distributions and damage assessments in a forested wetland ecosystem in the southern United States","docAbstract":"Caddo Lake, USA, a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance, is a lacustrine wetland complex consisting of stands of flooded baldcypress intermixed with open water and emergent wetland habitats. Recently, concern has been expressed over a perceived increase in the beaver population and the impact of beaver on the long-term sustainability of the baldcypress ecosystem. We used intensive beaver lodge surveys to determine the distribution and relative abundance of beaver and the amount, type, and distribution of beaver damage to mature trees and seedlings at Caddo Lake. A total of 229 lodges were located with a combination of aerial and boat/ground surveys. Most lodges were located in open water and edge habitats. About 95% of the lodges were occupied by beaver or nutria. Some form of damage was exhibited by one or more trees near 85% of the lodges. Intensive damage assessments around 35 lodges indicated that most damage to trees, baldcypress in particular, was restricted to peeling or stripping of bark which is believed to have minimal effect on tree survival. Surveys of regeneration indicated that baldcypress seedlings were very abundant; however, over 99.9% were less than 30 cm tall. The lack of recruitment into the larger size classes appears to be a result of high stand densities and water management practices. At this time, the young age and density of the baldcypress forests suggest that recruitment is not a major concern and herbivore damage appears to be having a minimal effect on the forest.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00224-7","issn":"03781127","usgsCitation":"King, S., Keeland, B.D., and Moore, J., 1998, Beaver lodge distributions and damage assessments in a forested wetland ecosystem in the southern United States: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 108, no. 1-2, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00224-7.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206484,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00224-7"},{"id":229958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f03ae4b0c8380cd4a66c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, S.L.","contributorId":105663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeland, B. D.","contributorId":45275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeland","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, J.L.","contributorId":29100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020603,"text":"70020603 - 1998 - Energy resources - cornucopia or empty barrel?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:16","indexId":"70020603","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Energy resources - cornucopia or empty barrel?","docAbstract":"Over the last 25 yr, considerable debate has continued about the future supply of fossil fuel. On one side are those who believe we are rapidly depleting resources and that the resulting shortages will have a profound impact on society. On the other side are those who see no impending crisis because long-term trends are for cheaper prices despite rising production. The concepts of resources and reserves have historically created considerable misunderstanding in the minds of many nongeologists. Hubbert-type predictions of energy production assume that there is a finite supply of energy that is measurable; however, estimates of resources and reserves are inventories of the amounts of a fossil fuel perceived to be available over some future period of time. As those resources/reserves are depleted over time, additional amounts of fossil fuels are inventoried. Throughout most of this century, for example, crude oil reserves in the United States have represented a 10-14-yr supply. For the last 50 yr, resource crude oil estimates have represented about a 60-70-yr supply for the United States. Division of reserve or resource estimates by current or projected annual consumption therefore is circular in reasoning and can lead to highly erroneous conclusions. Production histories of fossil fuels are driven more by demand than by the geologic abundance of the resource. Examination of some energy resources with well-documented histories leads to two conceptual models that relate production to price. The closed-market model assumes that there is only one source of energy available. Although the price initially may fall because of economies of scale long term, prices rise as the energy source is depleted and it becomes progressively more expensive to extract. By contrast, the open-market model assumes that there is a variety of available energy sources and that competition among them leads to long-term stable or falling prices. At the moment, the United States and the world approximate the open-market model, but in the long run the supply of fossil fuel is finite, and prices inevitably will rise unless alternate energy sources substitute for fossil energy supplies; however, there appears little reason to suspect that long-term price trends will rise significantly over the next few decades.Over the last 25 years, considerable debate has continued about the future supply of fossil fuel. On one side are those who believe that resources are rapidly depleting and that the resulting shortages will have a profound impact on society. On the other side are those who see no impending crisis because longterm trends are for cheaper prices despite rising production. This paper examines historic trends and clarify the foundations on which one may build one's predictions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AAPG","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK, United States","issn":"01491423","usgsCitation":"McCabe, P., 1998, Energy resources - cornucopia or empty barrel?: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 82, no. 11, p. 2110-2134.","startPage":"2110","endPage":"2134","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231497,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a094de4b0c8380cd51e70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, P.J.","contributorId":57608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020881,"text":"70020881 - 1998 - Mapping intrabasinal faults from high-resolution aeromagnetic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-08T15:37:11.848802","indexId":"70020881","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2610,"text":"Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping intrabasinal faults from high-resolution aeromagnetic data","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1437822","issn":"1070485X","usgsCitation":"Grauch, V.J., and Millegan, P., 1998, Mapping intrabasinal faults from high-resolution aeromagnetic data: Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK), v. 17, no. 1, p. 53-55, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1437822.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"55","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229918,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Middle Rio Grande Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.35557247651235,\n              35.67259892422946\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.35557247651235,\n              34.123863923297876\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.37158322536064,\n              34.123863923297876\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.37158322536064,\n              35.67259892422946\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.35557247651235,\n              35.67259892422946\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a505be4b0c8380cd6b63e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":34125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Millegan, P.S.","contributorId":95645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millegan","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020891,"text":"70020891 - 1998 - Colloid particle sizes in the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries, from Minneapolis to below New Orleans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-30T09:35:06","indexId":"70020891","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Colloid particle sizes in the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries, from Minneapolis to below New Orleans","docAbstract":"<p>An on-board technique was developed that combined discharge-weighted pumping to a high-speed continuous-flow centrifuge for isolation of the particulate-sized material with ultrafiltration for isolation of colloid-sized material. In order to address whether these processes changed the particle sizes during isolation, samples of particles in suspension were collected at various steps in the isolation process to evaluate changes in particle size. Particle sizes were determined using laser light-scattering photon correlation spectroscopy and indicated no change in size during the colloid isolation process. Mississippi River colloid particle sizes from twelve sites from Minneapolis to below New Orleans were compared with sizes from four tributaries and three seasons, and from predominantly autochthonous sources upstream to more allochthonous sources downstream.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199801)12:1<25::AID-HYP544>3.0.CO;2-T","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C., Rees, T., and Daniel, S., 1998, Colloid particle sizes in the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries, from Minneapolis to below New Orleans: Hydrological Processes, v. 12, no. 1, p. 25-41, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199801)12:1<25::AID-HYP544>3.0.CO;2-T.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"41","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230039,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7b5e4b0c8380cd4cc7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rees, T.F.","contributorId":26068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rees","given":"T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daniel, S.R.","contributorId":28379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020600,"text":"70020600 - 1998 - No longer so clueless in seattle: Current assessment of earthquake hazards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:16","indexId":"70020600","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1823,"text":"Geotechnical Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"No longer so clueless in seattle: Current assessment of earthquake hazards","docAbstract":"The Pacific Northwest is an active subduction zone. Because of this tectonic setting, there are three distinct earthquake source zones in earthquake hazard assessments of the Seattle area. Offshore, the broad sloping interface between the Juan de Fuca and the North America plates produces earthquakes as large as magnitude 9; on the average these events occur every 400-600 years. The second source zone is within the subducting Juan de Fuca plate as it bends, at depths of 40-60 km, beneath the Puget lowland. Five earthquakes in this zone this century have had magnitudes greater than 6, including one magnitude 7.1 event in 1949. The third zone, the crust of the North America plate, is the least well known. Paleoseismic evidence shows that an event of approximate magnitude 7 occurred on the Seattle fault about 1000 years ago. Potentially very damaging to the heavily urbanized areas of Puget Sound, the rate of occurrence and area over which large magnitude crustal events are to be expected is the subject of considerable research.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geotechnical Special Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08950563","usgsCitation":"Weaver, C., 1998, No longer so clueless in seattle: Current assessment of earthquake hazards: Geotechnical Special Publication, no. 75 I, p. 39-52.","startPage":"39","endPage":"52","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"75 I","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a670ee4b0c8380cd73152","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weaver, C.S.","contributorId":57874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020516,"text":"70020516 - 1998 - Evolution of the Gorda Escarpment, San Andreas fault and Mendocino triple junction from multichannel seismic data collected across the northern Vizcaino block, offshore northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-19T14:00:52.711204","indexId":"70020516","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of the Gorda Escarpment, San Andreas fault and Mendocino triple junction from multichannel seismic data collected across the northern Vizcaino block, offshore northern California","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Gorda Escarpment is a north facing scarp immediately south of the Mendocino transform fault (the Gorda/Juan de Fuca-Pacific plate boundary) between 126°W and the Mendocino triple junction. It elevates the seafloor at the northern edge of the Vizcaino block, part of the Pacific plate, ∼1.5 km above the seafloor of the Gorda/Juan de Fuca plate to the north. Stratigraphy interpreted from multichannel seismic data across and close to the Gorda Escarpment suggests that the escarpment is a relatively recent pop-up feature caused by north-south compression across the plate boundary. Close to 126°W, the Vizcaino block acoustic basement shallows and is overlain by sediments that thin north toward the Gorda Escarpment. These sediments are tilted south and truncated at the seafloor. By contrast, in a localized region at the eastern end of the Gorda Escarpment, close to the Mendocino triple junction, the top of acoustic basement dips north and is overlain by a 2-km-thick wedge of pre-11 Ma sedimentary rocks that thickens north, toward the Gorda Escarpment. This wedge of sediments is restricted to the northeast corner of the Vizcaino block. Unless the wedge of sediments was a preexisting feature on the Vizcaino block before it was transferred from the North American to the Pacific plate, the strong spatial correlation between the sedimentary wedge and the triple junction suggests the entire Vizcaino block, with the San Andreas at its eastern boundary, has been part of the Pacific plate since significantly before 11 Ma.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98JB02138","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Godfrey, N.J., Meltzer, A., Klemperer, S., Trehu, A., Leitner, B., Clarke, S.H., and Ondrus, A., 1998, Evolution of the Gorda Escarpment, San Andreas fault and Mendocino triple junction from multichannel seismic data collected across the northern Vizcaino block, offshore northern California: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 103, no. 10, p. 23813-23825, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JB02138.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"23813","endPage":"23825","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479818,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98jb02138","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231224,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d89e4b0c8380cd5308e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godfrey, N. J.","contributorId":12866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godfrey","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meltzer, A.S.","contributorId":50921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meltzer","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klemperer, S.L.","contributorId":52734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klemperer","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trehu, A.M.","contributorId":90754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trehu","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leitner, B.","contributorId":7448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leitner","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Clarke, S. H. Jr.","contributorId":44913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"S.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ondrus, A.","contributorId":99730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ondrus","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70020438,"text":"70020438 - 1998 - Pre-eruptive volatile content, melt-inclusion chemistry, and microthermometry of interplinian Vesuvius lavas (pre-AD 1631)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:16","indexId":"70020438","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pre-eruptive volatile content, melt-inclusion chemistry, and microthermometry of interplinian Vesuvius lavas (pre-AD 1631)","docAbstract":"Silicate-melt inclusions from lavas and pyroclastics from a selected suite of pre-A.D. 1631 interplinian Mt. Somma-Vesuvius lavas and scoria have been experimentally homogeneized and studied by microthermometry, electron microprobe (EMPA) and secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) to examine pre-eruptive volatile content and magma evolution. The melt inclusions have a bubble about 0.06% their volume, uncommonly contain non-condensable gas but do not contain any dense fluid phases. Clinopyroxene-hosted inclusions yield homogenization temperatures (Th) from 1170 to 1260??C, most between 1220 and 1240??C; plagiclase-hosted inclusions have Th from 1210 to 1230??C; these values are typical for the Vesuvius environment. The dominant factor controlling major element variability in the inclusions is clinopyroxene fractionation; MgO varies from 5 to 3 wt%, SiO2 varies from 60 to 48 wt%. total alkalis vary from 15 to 4 wt%, and CaO varies from 13 to 5 wt%. H2O varies from 2.7 to 0.6 wt% and is decoupled from incompatible element evolution suggesting vapor saturation during trapping. Chlorine and F vary from 1.- wt% to 0 and 0.63 to 0 wt%, respectively. Bulk rock and limited matrix glass analyses show that the lavas lost about half of their F and Cl content except for the A.D. 472-1631 lava which contains similar Cl abundances as the bulk rock. SO3 varies from 0.5 to 0 wt% and compared with matrix glass and bulk rock demonstrate that the lavas have lost essentially all sulfur. The samples can be classified into three age groups, ??? 25 000 yr B.P., 25 000-17 000 yr B.P., and A.D. 472-1631. There is a systematic increase in some components, e.g., total alkalis, SO3, Cl, Li, B, and Sr with the youth of the sample and a decrease in others, e.g., Zr and Y. However, on average these samples seem less evolved than later A.D. 1631-1944 lavas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0377-0273(97)00058-9","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Belkin, H., de Vivo, B., Torok, K., and Webster, J., 1998, Pre-eruptive volatile content, melt-inclusion chemistry, and microthermometry of interplinian Vesuvius lavas (pre-AD 1631): Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 82, no. 1-4, p. 79-95, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(97)00058-9.","startPage":"79","endPage":"95","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231299,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206939,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(97)00058-9"}],"volume":"82","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a80dbe4b0c8380cd7b23d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belkin, H. E. 0000-0001-7879-6529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-6529","contributorId":38160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belkin","given":"H. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"de Vivo, B.","contributorId":50549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Vivo","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Torok, K.","contributorId":33071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torok","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Webster, J.D.","contributorId":16582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webster","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020195,"text":"70020195 - 1998 - Consolidation patterns during initiation and evolution of a plate-boundary decollement zone: Northern Barbados accretionary prism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-17T00:49:14.303691","indexId":"70020195","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Consolidation patterns during initiation and evolution of a plate-boundary decollement zone: Northern Barbados accretionary prism","docAbstract":"Borehole logs from the northern Barbados accretionary prism show that the plate-boundary decollement initiates in a low-density radiolarian claystone. With continued thrusting, the decollement zone consolidates, but in a patchy manner. The logs calibrate a three-dimensional seismic reflection image of the decollement zone and indicate which portions are of low density and enriched in fluid, and which portions have consolidated. The seismic image demonstrates that an underconsolidated patch of the decollement zone connects to a fluid-rich conduit extending down the decollement surface. Fluid migration up this conduit probably supports the open pore structure in the underconsolidated patch.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<0811:CPDIAE>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Moore, J., Klaus, A., Bangs, N., Bekins, B., Bucker, C., Bruckmann, W., Erickson, S., Hansen, O., Horton, T., Ireland, P., Major, C., Moore, G.F., Peacock, S., Saito, S., Screaton, E., Shimeld, J., Stauffer, P., Taymaz, T., Teas, P., and Tokunaga, T., 1998, Consolidation patterns during initiation and evolution of a plate-boundary decollement zone: Northern Barbados accretionary prism: Geology, v. 26, no. 9, p. 811-814, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<0811:CPDIAE>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"811","endPage":"814","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231430,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa01e4b0c8380cd4d886","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, J.C.","contributorId":95141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klaus, A.","contributorId":70957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaus","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bangs, N.L.","contributorId":17385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bangs","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bekins, B.","contributorId":103829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bucker, C.J.","contributorId":89690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bucker","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bruckmann, W.","contributorId":71727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruckmann","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Erickson, S.N.","contributorId":45864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"S.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hansen, O.","contributorId":101844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Horton, T.","contributorId":66883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ireland, P.","contributorId":8637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ireland","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Major, C.O.","contributorId":53982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"C.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Moore, Gregory F.","contributorId":23306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Peacock, S.","contributorId":14602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Saito, S.","contributorId":70146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saito","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Screaton, E.J.","contributorId":38323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Screaton","given":"E.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Shimeld, J.W.","contributorId":36708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shimeld","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Stauffer, P.H.","contributorId":53783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Taymaz, T.","contributorId":39974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taymaz","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Teas, P.A.","contributorId":88118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teas","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Tokunaga, T.","contributorId":9804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tokunaga","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}}
,{"id":70020601,"text":"70020601 - 1998 - Reprocessing and reuse of waste tire rubber to solve air-quality related problems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-16T00:58:59.758065","indexId":"70020601","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1513,"text":"Energy and Fuels","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reprocessing and reuse of waste tire rubber to solve air-quality related problems","docAbstract":"There is a potential for using waste tire rubber to make activated-carbon adsorbents for air-quality control applications. Such an approach provides a recycling path for waste tires and the production of new adsorbents from a low-cost waste material. Tire-derived activated carbons (TDACs) were prepared from waste tires. The resulting products are generally mesoporous, with N2-BET specific surface areas ranging from 239 to 1031 m2/g. TDACs were tested for their ability to store natural gas and remove organic compounds and mercury species from gas streams. TDACs are able to achieve 36% of the recommended adsorbed natural gas (methane) storage capacity for natural-gas-fueled vehicles. Equilibrium adsorption capacities for CH4 achieved by TDACs are comparable to Calgon BPL, a commercially available activated-carbon adsorbent. The acetone adsorption capacity for a TDAC is 67% of the adsorption capacity achieved by BPL at 1 vol % acetone. Adsorption capacities of mercury in simulated flue-gas streams are, in general, larger than adsorption capacities achieved by coal-derived activated carbons (CDACs) and BPL. Although TDACs may not perform as well as commercial adsorbents in some air pollution control applications, the potential lower cost of TDACS should be considered when evaluating economics.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/ef9801120","issn":"08870624","usgsCitation":"Lehmann, C., Rostam-Abadi, M., Rood, M., and Sun, J., 1998, Reprocessing and reuse of waste tire rubber to solve air-quality related problems: Energy and Fuels, v. 12, no. 6, p. 1095-1099, https://doi.org/10.1021/ef9801120.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1095","endPage":"1099","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231458,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa885e4b0c8380cd8595d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lehmann, C.M.B.","contributorId":96862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehmann","given":"C.M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rostam-Abadi, M.","contributorId":37061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostam-Abadi","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rood, M.J.","contributorId":15354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rood","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sun, Jielun","contributorId":33443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"Jielun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020869,"text":"70020869 - 1998 - Characterizing ground water flow in the municipal well fields of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, with selected environmental tracers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-28T23:56:26.195608","indexId":"70020869","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing ground water flow in the municipal well fields of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, with selected environmental tracers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Cedar Rapids obtains its municipal water supply from a shallow alluvial aquifer along the Cedar River in east‐central Iowa. Water samples were collected and analyzed for selected isotopes and chlorofluorocarbons to characterize the ground‐water flow system near the municipal well fields. Analyses of deuterium and oxygen‐18 indicate that water in the alluvial aquifer and in the underlying carbonate bedrock aquifer was recharged from precipitation during modern climatic conditions. Analyses of tritium indicate modern, post‐1952, water in the alluvial aquifer and older, pre‐1952, water in the bedrock aquifer. Mixing of the modern and older waters occurs in areas where (1) the confining layer between the two aquifers is discontinuous, (2) the bedrock aquifer is fractured, or (3) pumping of supply wells induces the flow of water between aquifers. Analyses of chlorofluorocarbons were used to determine the date of recharge of water samples. Water in the bedrock aquifer likely was recharged prior to the 1950s. Water in the alluvial aquifer likely was recharged from the 1960s to 1990s. Biodegradation or sorption probably affected some of the ground water analyzed for chlorofluorocarbons. These processes reduce the concentrations of CFCs, which results in older than actual calculated dates of recharge.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb00950.x","usgsCitation":"Boyd, R., 1998, Characterizing ground water flow in the municipal well fields of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, with selected environmental tracers: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 34, no. 3, p. 507-518, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb00950.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"507","endPage":"518","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229720,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","city":"Cedar Rapids","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.81755065917969,\n              41.886432216946986\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.52091979980469,\n              41.886432216946986\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.52091979980469,\n              42.04546841166382\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.81755065917969,\n              42.04546841166382\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.81755065917969,\n              41.886432216946986\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4ffe4b0c8380cd4c01a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyd, Robert A.","contributorId":16491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"Robert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020867,"text":"70020867 - 1998 - Carbon dioxide and helium emissions from a reservoir of magmatic gas beneath Mammoth Mountain, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T11:34:00","indexId":"70020867","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon dioxide and helium emissions from a reservoir of magmatic gas beneath Mammoth Mountain, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>Carbon dioxide and helium with isotopic compositions indicative of a magmatic source ( δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C = −4.5 to −5‰,&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup><span>He/&nbsp;</span><sup>4</sup><span>He = 4.5 to 6.7 R</span><sub>A</sub><span>) are discharging at anomalous rates from Mammoth Mountain, on the southwestern rim of the Long Valley caldera in eastern California. The gas is released mainly as diffuse emissions from normal‐temperature soils, but some gas issues from steam vents or leaves the mountain dissolved in cold groundwater. The rate of gas discharge increased significantly in 1989 following a 6‐month period of persistent earthquake swarms and associated strain and ground deformation that has been attributed to dike emplacement beneath the mountain. An increase in the magmatic component of helium discharging in a steam vent on the north side of Mammoth Mountain, which also began in 1989, has persisted until the present time. Anomalous CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;discharge from soils first occurred during the winter of 1990 and was followed by observations of several areas of tree kill and/or heavier than normal needlecast the following summer. Subsequent measurements have confirmed that the tree kills are associated with CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;concentrations of 30–90% in soil gas and gas flow rates of up to 31,000 g m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;at the soil surface. Each of the tree‐kill areas and one area of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;discharge above tree line occurs in close proximity to one or more normal faults, which may provide conduits for gas flow from depth. We estimate that the total diffuse CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;flux from the mountain is approximately 520 t/d, and that 30–50 t/d of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;are dissolved in cold groundwater flowing off the flanks of the mountain. Isotopic and chemical analyses of soil and fumarolic gas demonstrate a remarkable homogeneity in composition, suggesting that the CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;and associated helium and excess nitrogen may be derived from a common gas reservoir whose source is associated with some combination of magmatic degassing and thermal metamorphism of metasedimentary rocks. Furthermore, N</span><sub>2</sub><span>/Ar ratios and nitrogen isotopic values indicate that the Mammoth Mountain gases are derived from sources separate from those that supply gas to the hydrothermal system within the Long Valley caldera. Various data suggest that the Mammoth Mountain gas reservoir is a large, low‐temperature cap over an isolated hydrothermal system, that it predates the 1989 intrusion, and that it could remain a source of gas discharge for some time.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/98JB01389","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Sorey, M., Evans, W.C., Kennedy, B.M., Farrar, C.D., Hainsworth, L., and Hausback, B., 1998, Carbon dioxide and helium emissions from a reservoir of magmatic gas beneath Mammoth Mountain, California: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 103, no. 7, p. 15303-15323, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JB01389.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"15303","endPage":"15323","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489109,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98jb01389","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":229681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f35de4b0c8380cd4b75a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, William C.","contributorId":104903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennedy, B. M.","contributorId":97638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farrar, C. D.","contributorId":71978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hainsworth, L.J.","contributorId":98486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hainsworth","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hausback, B.","contributorId":68912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hausback","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70020519,"text":"70020519 - 1998 - The National Water Data Exchange-capabilities and trends in the dissemination and exchange of water data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:17","indexId":"70020519","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The National Water Data Exchange-capabilities and trends in the dissemination and exchange of water data","docAbstract":"This paper discusses the programmes of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX) in providing access to US Geological Survey (USGS) water data and water-related information. NAWDEX dissseminates water data and water-related information by working cooperatively through a network of 68 Assistance Centers to more than 430 member organizations. In addition, NAWDEX provides access to the USGS Water Data Storage System (WATSTORE) and the US Environmental Protection Agency's Storage and Retrieval System (STORET). Recently, the trend has been to make water resources data available over the World Wide Web on the Internet. The NAWDEX homepage, located at Uniform Resource Locator http://h2o.er.usgs.gov/public/nawdex/nawdex.html, provides links to (a) Selected Water Resources Abstracts; (b) National Water Conditions Report; (c) historical streamflow data: and (d) real-time streamflow conditions. NAWDEX also transfers data to users over the Internet through the file transfer protocol (FTP).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"IAHS","publisherLocation":"Wallingford, United Kingdom","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Burton, J., 1998, The National Water Data Exchange-capabilities and trends in the dissemination and exchange of water data: IAHS-AISH Publication, no. 253, p. 237-248.","startPage":"237","endPage":"248","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"253","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba841e4b08c986b321ae4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burton, J.S.","contributorId":36549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70189290,"text":"70189290 - 1998 - Identification of polar bear den habitat in northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T18:18:40","indexId":"70189290","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5410,"text":"Occasional Papers of the IUCN Species Survival Comission (SSC)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":19}},"seriesNumber":"19","title":"Identification of polar bear den habitat in northern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The goal of this project is to refine the information collected previously on maternal denning, into digital maps that show where polar bears are likely to create future dens in northern Alaska. Such maps will allow a priori recommendations regarding timing and geographic locations of proposed human developments; and hence provide managers with an important mitigation and management tool.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polar bears: Proceedings of the twelfth Working meeting of the IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group (Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival Group (SSC) no. 19)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"12th Working Meeting of the IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group","conferenceDate":"February 3-7, 1997","conferenceLocation":"Oslo, Norway","language":"English","publisher":"IUCN","publisherLocation":"Gland, Switzerland","isbn":"2-8317-0459-6","usgsCitation":"Amstrup, S.C., and Garner, G.W., 1998, Identification of polar bear den habitat in northern Alaska, <i>in</i> Polar bears: Proceedings of the twelfth Working meeting of the IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group (Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival Group (SSC) no. 19), Oslo, Norway, February 3-7, 1997, p. 141-145.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"145","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343490,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":343489,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/7509"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59634097e4b0d1f9f059d80c","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Derocher, Andrew E.","contributorId":96189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Derocher","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12980,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703963,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garner, Gerald W.","contributorId":149918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garner","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703964,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lunn, Nicholas J.","contributorId":78421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lunn","given":"Nicholas J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703965,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiig, Oystein","contributorId":192053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiig","given":"Oystein","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703966,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":4}],"editors":[{"text":"Derocher, Andrew E.","contributorId":96189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Derocher","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12980,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703959,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garner, Gerald W.","contributorId":149918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garner","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703960,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lunn, Nicholas J.","contributorId":78421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lunn","given":"Nicholas J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703961,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiig, Oystein","contributorId":192053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiig","given":"Oystein","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703962,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garner, Gerald W.","contributorId":149918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garner","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020612,"text":"70020612 - 1998 - Does survey method bias the description of northern goshawk nest-site structure?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:47","indexId":"70020612","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does survey method bias the description of northern goshawk nest-site structure?","docAbstract":"Past studies on the nesting habitat of northern goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) often relied on nests found opportunistically, either during timber-sale operations, by searching apparently 'good' goshawk habitat, or by other search methods where areas were preselected based on known forest conditions. Therefore, a bias in the characterization of habitat surrounding northern goshawk nest sites may exist toward late-forest structure (large trees, high canopy closure). This potential problem has confounded interpretation of data on nesting habitat of northern goshawks and added to uncertainty in the review process to consider the species for federal listing as threatened or endangered. Systematic survey methods, which strive for complete coverage of an area and often use broadcasts of conspecific calls, have been developed to overcome these potential biases, but no study has compared habitat characteristics around nests found opportunistically with those found systematically. We compared habitat characteristics in a 0.4-ha area around nests found systematically (n = 27) versus those found opportunistically (n = 22) on 3 national forests in eastern Oregon. We found that both density of large trees (systematic: x?? = 16.4 ?? 3.1 trees/ha; x?? ?? SE; opportunistic: x?? = 21.3 ?? 3.2; P = 0.56) and canopy closure (systematic: x?? = 72 ?? 2%; opportunistic: x?? = 70 ?? 2%; P = 0.61) were similar around nests found with either search method. Our results diminish concern that past survey methods mischaracterized northern goshawk nest-site structure. However, because northern goshawks nest in a variety of forest cover types with a wide range of structural characteristics, these results do not decrease the value of systematic survey methods in determining the most representative habitat descriptions for northern goshawks. Rigorous survey protocols allow repeatability and comparability of monitoring efforts and results over time.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Daw, S., DeStefano, S., and Steidl, R., 1998, Does survey method bias the description of northern goshawk nest-site structure?: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 62, no. 4, p. 1379-1384.","startPage":"1379","endPage":"1384","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0398e4b0c8380cd5056b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daw, S.K.","contributorId":20501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daw","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeStefano, S.","contributorId":84309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeStefano","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steidl, R.J.","contributorId":16383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steidl","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1016019,"text":"1016019 - 1998 - Short-term influence of tank tracks on vegetation and microphytic crusts in shrubsteppe habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-17T15:42:21.607555","indexId":"1016019","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Short-term influence of tank tracks on vegetation and microphytic crusts in shrubsteppe habitat","docAbstract":"<div id=\"Abs1-section\" class=\"c-article-section\"><div id=\"Abs1-content\" class=\"c-article-section__content\"><p>Nutt.) habitat within the Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area in southwestern Idaho. The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term (1–2 years) influence of tank tracks on vegetation and microphytic crusts in shrubsteppe habitat. The two types of tank tracks studied were divots (area where one track has been stopped or slowed to make a sharp turn) and straight-line tracks. Divots generally had a stronger influence on vegetation and microphytic crusts than did straight-line tracks. Tank tracks increased cover of bare ground, litter, and exotic annuals, and reduced cover of vegetation, perennial native grasses, sagebrush, and microphytic crusts. Increased bare ground and reduced cover of vegetation and microphytic crusts caused by tank tracks increase the potential for soil erosion and may reduce ecosystem productivity. Reduced sagebrush cover caused by tank tracks may reduce habitat quality for rodents. Tank tracks may also facilitate the invasion of exotic annuals into sagebrush habitat, increasing the potential for wildfire and subsequent habitat degradation. Thus, creation of divots and movement through sagebrush habitat by tanks should be minimized.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s002679900132","usgsCitation":"Watts, S.E., 1998, Short-term influence of tank tracks on vegetation and microphytic crusts in shrubsteppe habitat: Environmental Management, v. 22, no. 4, p. 611-616, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002679900132.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"611","endPage":"616","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134503,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3efe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watts, Stephen E.","contributorId":11578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020855,"text":"70020855 - 1998 - Survival costs of chick rearing in black-legged kittiwakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T16:48:12","indexId":"70020855","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival costs of chick rearing in black-legged kittiwakes","docAbstract":"<p><strong>1.</strong> We tested for costs of chick rearing in the black-legged kittiwake <i>Rissa tridactyla</i> (Linnaeus) by removing entire clutches from 149 of 405 randomly selected nests, in which one or both mates was colour-banded. After the manipulation, we monitored adult nest attendance and body condition at unmanipulated and manipulated nests, and measured the survival and fecundity of these adults the following year.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Late in the chick-rearing period, adults from unmanipulated nests (i.e. with chicks) went on significantly longer foraging trips, and were significantly lighter for their size, than adults from manipulated nests (i.e. without chicks).</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Adults from unmanipulated nests also survived to the following nesting season at a significantly lower rate than those from the manipulated nests (0·898 vs. 0·953), suggesting that attempting to raise chicks can reduce life expectancy by 55%.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> There was a tendency for adults from nests that were unmanipulated in year one to have lower reproductive success in year two, primarily because of reduced fledging success, and a higher incidence of non-breeding.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> These findings suggest that mass loss in kittiwakes during chick rearing may not be adaptive. Raising chicks can lead to reproductive costs, and the causal mechanism appears to be a reduction in body condition.</p><p><strong>6.</strong> We compare our results with previous brood (or clutch) size manipulation experiments that have measured adult body condition, survival and/or future fecundity. Although the empirical evidence suggests that long-lived species are more likely to experience survival costs than short-lived species, we believe the opposite may be true. We suggest that shifting the experimental protocol of cost of reproduction studies from brood enlargements (an approach taken in most prior studies) to brood reductions will provide more accurate quantifications of naturally occurring costs.</p><p><strong>7.</strong> The cost of reproduction is one mechanism proposed to explain the reduced survival rates reported for kittiwake populations in the North Atlantic relative to those in the North Pacific ocean. Oceanographic data, however, suggest that lower food availability may limit survival of kittiwakes in the North Atlantic where a deeper mixed layer and reduced primary production combine to make conditions less favourable for this seabird during the winter months.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2656.1998.00233.x","issn":"00218790","usgsCitation":"Golet, G.H., Irons, D.B., and Estes, J.A., 1998, Survival costs of chick rearing in black-legged kittiwakes: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 67, no. 5, p. 827-841, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.1998.00233.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"827","endPage":"841","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.21630859375,\n              59.712097173322924\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.9755859375,\n              59.712097173322924\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.9755859375,\n              61.44927080076419\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.21630859375,\n              61.44927080076419\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.21630859375,\n              59.712097173322924\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2bce4b08c986b31f900","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golet, Gregory H.","contributorId":89844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golet","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irons, David B.","contributorId":63658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Estes, James A. jim_estes@usgs.gov","contributorId":53325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":387780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020592,"text":"70020592 - 1998 - Difluoromethane, a new and improved inhibitor of methanotrophy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T21:07:41.228976","indexId":"70020592","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Difluoromethane, a new and improved inhibitor of methanotrophy","docAbstract":"<p><span>Difluoromethane (HFC-32; DFM) is compared to acetylene and methyl fluoride as an inhibitor of methanotrophy in cultures and soils. DFM was found to be a reversible inhibitor of CH</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;oxidation by</span><i>Methylococcus capsulatus</i><span>&nbsp;(Bath). Consumption of CH</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;in soil was blocked by additions of low levels of DFM (0.03 kPa), and this inhibition was reversed by DFM removal. Although a small quantity of DFM was consumed during these incubations, its remaining concentration was sufficiently elevated to sustain inhibition. Methanogenesis in anaerobic soil slurries, including acetoclastic methanogenesis, was unaffected by levels of DFM which inhibit methanotrophy. Low levels of DFM (0.03 kPa) also inhibited nitrification and N</span><sub>2</sub><span>O production by soils. DFM is proposed as an improved inhibitor of CH</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;oxidation over acetylene and/or methyl fluoride on the basis of its reversibility, its efficacy at low concentrations, its lack of inhibition of methanogenesis, and its low cost.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.64.11.4357-4362.1998","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Miller, L., Sasson, C., and Oremland, R., 1998, Difluoromethane, a new and improved inhibitor of methanotrophy: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 64, no. 11, p. 4357-4362, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.64.11.4357-4362.1998.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"4357","endPage":"4362","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479726,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.11.4357-4362.1998","text":"External Repository"},{"id":231306,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0114e4b0c8380cd4fab5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, L.G.","contributorId":32522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sasson, C.","contributorId":104663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sasson","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oremland, R.S.","contributorId":97512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1014538,"text":"1014538 - 1998 - Long term trends liver neoplasm epizootics of brown bullhead in the Black River, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-03T11:34:42.970548","indexId":"1014538","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long term trends liver neoplasm epizootics of brown bullhead in the Black River, Ohio","docAbstract":"<p><span>Since 1980, liver neoplasms in brown bullhead and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in sediment have been researched in a series of studies on the Black River in Lorain, Ohio. In the early 1980s the liver cancer prevalence in fish of age 3 and older was high, ranging from 22% to 39% of the adult population. These high cancer rates corresponded to high levels of PAHs in the sediment resulting from long-term releases by an upstream coking facility (USX). In 1983 this coking plant was closed, and by 1987 the PAH in sediment had declined by about two orders of magnitude. Coincidentally the tumor prevalence in 1987 was only about one-fourth of that in the early 1980s. In 1990, the most contaminated sediments were dredged. Neoplasm surveys in 1992 and 1993 found liver tumor frequencies in mature bullhead were as high as or higher than in the early 1980s. However liver tumor incidence declined in 1994, especially among age 3 fish, where neoplasm incidence was zero. These age 3 fish were the first group sampled that were not present during the 1990 dredging. These data are consistent with a hypothesis that the increase in tumor prevalence in 1992 and 1993 was caused by exposure to buried PAH-contaminated sediments released by the dredging. This research points out the insight provided by long term effects studies.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1023/A:1005967631275","usgsCitation":"Baumann, P.C., and Harshbarger, J., 1998, Long term trends liver neoplasm epizootics of brown bullhead in the Black River, Ohio: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 53, no. 1, p. 213-223, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005967631275.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"223","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131938,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","city":"Lorain","otherGeospatial":"Black River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n           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-82.11282447071017,\n              41.458901478248634\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.11544796127849,\n              41.459463225733174\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.11797775575533,\n              41.459182352598816\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.12247516815793,\n              41.46178038267351\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.12669149228526,\n              41.46213145983606\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.13015824767925,\n              41.459322789318065\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.1353115327237,\n              41.455952224128936\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.13859089593396,\n              41.45672466078912\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.14486853407925,\n              41.458620602682004\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.14767941683058,\n              41.45812906751328\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.1484289855647,\n              41.4555308911641\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.15180204486646,\n              41.45517977826913\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.15245791750908,\n              41.45433709956774\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.15442553543481,\n              41.45791840844336\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.15723641818687,\n              41.459182352598816\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.16164013449722,\n              41.458901478248634\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.16182752668092,\n              41.463605963162166\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.16398253679034,\n              41.46508043296046\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.16744929218432,\n              41.464869796470595\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.1661375469005,\n              41.46704634053586\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.16951060620224,\n              41.46873135672942\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.17072865539457,\n              41.46957384840408\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.17916130364928,\n              41.47182043934447\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.18328393168515,\n              41.473715939892315\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.18553260555592,\n              41.47302178540534\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63ecde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baumann, P. C.","contributorId":43297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baumann","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harshbarger, J.C.","contributorId":18303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harshbarger","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020492,"text":"70020492 - 1998 - An application of well data in oil and gas assessment-arctic national wildlife refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:15","indexId":"70020492","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"An application of well data in oil and gas assessment-arctic national wildlife refuge","docAbstract":"A current assessment of oil and gas resources in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) 1002 Area by the U.S. Geological Survey relies upon seismic data, geological mapping of exposures south and west of the assessment area, and exploratory wells. Information obtained from wells up to 50 km west and north of ANWR is presented. It is emphasized that the synthesis of well data with other geological and geophysical data provides a quantitative foundation for resource estimates of ANWR.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the SPWLA Annual Logging Symposium (Society of Professional Well Log Analysts)","conferenceTitle":"39th Annual Logging Symposium","conferenceDate":"26 May 1998 through 29 May 1998","conferenceLocation":"Keystone, CO","language":"English","issn":"00811718","usgsCitation":"Nelson, P.H., Schenk, C.J., and Bird, K.J., 1998, An application of well data in oil and gas assessment-arctic national wildlife refuge, <i>in</i> Transactions of the SPWLA Annual Logging Symposium (Society of Professional Well Log Analysts), Keystone, CO, 26 May 1998 through 29 May 1998.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea03e4b0c8380cd485b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, P. H.","contributorId":42238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schenk, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0248-7305","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-7305","contributorId":72344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":386429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bird, K. J.","contributorId":57824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bird","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020613,"text":"70020613 - 1998 - Viewpoint: Sustainability of piñon-juniper ecosystems - A unifying perspective of soil erosion thresholds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T12:17:05","indexId":"70020613","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2441,"text":"Journal of Range Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Viewpoint: Sustainability of piñon-juniper ecosystems - A unifying perspective of soil erosion thresholds","docAbstract":"<p>Many pinon-juniper ecosystem in the western U.S. are subject to accelerated erosion while others are undergoing little or no erosion. Controversy has developed over whether invading or encroaching pinon and juniper species are inherently harmful to rangeland ecosystems. We developed a conceptual model of soil erosion in pinon-jumper ecosystems that is consistent with both sides of the controversy and suggests that the diverse perspectives on this issue arise from threshold effects operating under very different site conditions. Soil erosion rate can be viewed as a function of (1) site erosion potential (SEP), determined by climate, geomorphology and soil erodibility; and (2) ground cover. Site erosion potential and cove act synergistically to determine soil erosion rates, as evident even from simple USLE predictions of erosion. In pinon-juniper ecosystem with high SEP, the erosion rate is highly sensitive to ground cover and can cross a threshold so that erosion increases dramatically in response to a small decrease in cover. The sensitivity of erosion rate to SEP and cover can be visualized as a cusp catastrophe surface on which changes may occur rapidly and irreversibly. The mechanisms associated with a rapid shift from low to high erosion rate can be illustrated using percolation theory to incorporate spatial, temporal, and scale-dependent patterns of water storage capacity on a hillslope. Percolation theory demonstrates how hillslope runoff can undergo a threshold response to a minor change in storage capacity. Our conceptual model suggests that pinion and juniper contribute to accelerated erosion only under a limited range of site conditions which, however, may exist over large areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Range Management","doi":"10.2307/4003212","usgsCitation":"Davenport, D.W., Breshears, D., Wilcox, B., and Allen, C.D., 1998, Viewpoint: Sustainability of piñon-juniper ecosystems - A unifying perspective of soil erosion thresholds: Journal of Range Management, v. 51, no. 2, p. 231-240, https://doi.org/10.2307/4003212.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"240","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479857,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/644200","text":"External Repository"},{"id":231070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc260e4b08c986b32aae0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davenport, David W.","contributorId":18135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davenport","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breshears, D.D.","contributorId":17952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breshears","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":386869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilcox, B.P.","contributorId":83490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"B.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020614,"text":"70020614 - 1998 - Comparative reproductive and physiological responses of northern bobwhite and scaled quail to water deprivation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-05T10:46:49","indexId":"70020614","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1289,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative reproductive and physiological responses of northern bobwhite and scaled quail to water deprivation","docAbstract":"<p>We compared reproductive and physiological responses of captive female northern bobwhite (<i>Colinus virginianus</i>) and scaled quail (<i>Callipepla squamata</i>) under control and water deprivation conditions. Scaled quail required less food and water to reproduce successfully under control conditions than northern bobwhite. Additionally, in scaled quail, serum osmolality levels and kidney mass were unaffected by water deprivation, whereas in northern bobwhite, serum osmolality levels increased and kidney mass declined. This finding indicates that scaled quail may have osmoregulatory abilities superior to those of northern bobwhite. Under control conditions, northern bobwhite gained more body mass and produced more but smaller eggs than scaled quail. Under water deprivation conditions, northern bobwhite lost more body mass but had more laying hens with a higher rate of egg production than scaled quail. Our data suggest that northern bobwhite allocated more resources to reproduction than to body maintenance, while scaled quail apparently forego reproduction in favor of body maintenance during water deprivation conditions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1095-6433(98)01015-0","issn":"10956433","usgsCitation":"Giuliano, W., Patino, R., and Lutz, R., 1998, Comparative reproductive and physiological responses of northern bobwhite and scaled quail to water deprivation: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, v. 119, no. 3, p. 781-786, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1095-6433(98)01015-0.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"781","endPage":"786","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231071,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f824e4b0c8380cd4cedd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giuliano, W.M.","contributorId":96864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giuliano","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patino, R.","contributorId":39915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lutz, R.S.","contributorId":40156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutz","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020507,"text":"70020507 - 1998 - Seismic attenuation of the inner core: Viscoelastic or stratigraphic?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-09T22:48:38.197454","indexId":"70020507","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic attenuation of the inner core: Viscoelastic or stratigraphic?","docAbstract":"<div class=\"\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Broadband velocity waveforms of PKIKP in the distance range 150° to 180° are inverted for inner core attenuation. A mean<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Q</i><sub>α</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>of 244 is determined at 1 Hz from 8 polar and 9 equatorial paths. The scatter in measured<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Q</i><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>exceeds individual error estimates, suggesting significant variation in attenuation with path. These results are interpreted by (1) viscoelasticity, in which the relaxation spectrum has a low-frequency corner near or slightly above the frequency band of short-period body waves, and by (2) stratigraphic (scattering) attenuation, in which attenuation and pulse broadening are caused by the interference of scattered multiples in a velocity structure having rapid fluctuations along a PKIKP path. In the scattering interpretation, PKIKP attenuation is only weakly affected by the intrinsic shear attenuation measured in the free-oscillation band. Instead, its frequency dependence, path variations, and fluctuations are all explained by scattering attenuation in a heterogeneous fabric resulting from solidification texturing of intrinsically anisotropic iron. The requisite fabric may consist of either single or ordered groups of crystals with P velocity differences of at least 5% and as much as 12% between two crystallographic axes at scale lengths of 0.5 to 2 km in the direction parallel to the axis of rotation and longer in the cylindrically radial direction, perpendicular to the axis of rotation.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/1998GL900074","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Cormier, V., Xu, L., and Choy, G.L., 1998, Seismic attenuation of the inner core: Viscoelastic or stratigraphic?: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 25, no. 21, p. 4019-4022, https://doi.org/10.1029/1998GL900074.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"4019","endPage":"4022","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231064,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8af5e4b08c986b3174c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cormier, V.F.","contributorId":98907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cormier","given":"V.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xu, L.","contributorId":82884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Choy, G. L. 0000-0002-0217-5555","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0217-5555","contributorId":78322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choy","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1014775,"text":"1014775 - 1998 - Renewal of voluntary feeding by wild‐caught Atlantic sturgeon juveniles in captivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-22T15:27:52.252427","indexId":"1014775","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Renewal of voluntary feeding by wild‐caught Atlantic sturgeon juveniles in captivity","docAbstract":"<p><span>A modification of previously documented force‐feeding procedures resulted in the renewal of appetite by several wild‐caught juvenile Atlantic sturgeon&nbsp;</span><i>Acipenser oxyrinchus.</i><span>&nbsp;Four of four fish under controlled laboratory conditions responded positively to this technique within 1 month. These fish exhibited negative mean growth rates of −2.71 g/d before force‐feeding and gained an average of 2.61 g/d at 285 d after initiation of force‐feeding. Mean lengths, weights, and coefficients of condition (</span><i>K</i><span>) also increased after force‐feeding. This method may be useful in other situations in which the holding of juveniles or adults is necessary, such as in zoos and public aquaria.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1998)060%3C0311:ROVFBW%3E2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"DiLauro, M.N., 1998, Renewal of voluntary feeding by wild‐caught Atlantic sturgeon juveniles in captivity: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 60, no. 4, p. 311-314, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1998)060%3C0311:ROVFBW%3E2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"314","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131755,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bf0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DiLauro, M. N.","contributorId":75475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiLauro","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020854,"text":"70020854 - 1998 - Lithological and hydrological influences on ground-water composition in a heterogeneous carbonate-clay aquifer system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-20T12:27:38.346536","indexId":"70020854","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lithological and hydrological influences on ground-water composition in a heterogeneous carbonate-clay aquifer system","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15009126\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>The influence of clay units on ground-water composition was investigated in a heterogeneous carbonate aquifer system of Miocene age in southwest Florida, known as the Intermediate aquifer system. Regionally, the ground water is recharged inland, flows laterally and to greater depths in the aquifer systems, and is discharged vertically upward at the saltwater interface along the coast. A depth profile of water composition was obtained by sampling ground water from discrete intervals within the permeable carbonate units during coring and by squeezing pore water from a core of the less-permeable clay layers. A normative salt analysis of solute compositions in the water indicated a marine origin for both types of water and an evolutionary pathway for the clay water that involves clay diagenesis. The chemical composition of the ground water in the carbonate bedrock is significantly different from that of the pore water in the clay layers. Dissolution of clays and opaline silica results in high silica concentrations relative to water in other parts of the Intermediate aquifer system. Water enriched in chloride relative to the overlying and underlying ground water recharges the aquifer inland where the confining clay layer is absent, and it dissolves carbonate and silicate minerals and reacts with clays along its flow path, eventually reaching this coastal site and resulting in the high chloride and silica concentrations observed in the middle part of the Intermediate aquifer system. Reaction-path modeling suggests that the recharging surficial water mixes with sulfate-rich water upwelling from the Upper Floridan aquifer, and carbonate mineral dissolution and precipitation, weathering and exchange reactions, clay mineral diagenesis, clay and silica dissolution, organic carbon oxidation, and iron and sulfate reduction result in the observed water compositions.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<1163:LAHIOG>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Kauffman, S., Herman, J., and Jones, B., 1998, Lithological and hydrological influences on ground-water composition in a heterogeneous carbonate-clay aquifer system: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 110, no. 9, p. 1163-1173, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<1163:LAHIOG>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1163","endPage":"1173","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230117,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a487ee4b0c8380cd67ee3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kauffman, S.J.","contributorId":83301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herman, J.S.","contributorId":73345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, B.F.","contributorId":52156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020616,"text":"70020616 - 1998 - Hydrologic and water-chemistry data from the Cretaceous-aquifers test well (BFT-2055), Beaufort County, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T10:21:11","indexId":"70020616","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3443,"text":"Southeastern Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic and water-chemistry data from the Cretaceous-aquifers test well (BFT-2055), Beaufort County, South Carolina","docAbstract":"Test well BFT-2055 was drilled through the entire thickness of Coastal Plain sediments beneath central Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, and terminated in bedrock at a depth of 3833 feet. The well was drilled to evaluate the hydraulic properties of the Cretaceous formations beneath Hilton Head Island as a potential source of supplemental water to supplies currently withdrawn from the Upper Floridan aquifer. The intervals tested include sediments of the Cape Fear and Middendorf Formations. Results from aquifer tests indicate that the transmissivity of the formations screened ranges from 1300 to 3000 feet squared per day and an average hydraulic conductivity of about 15 feet per day. Formation-fluid pressure tests indicate that the potential exists for upward ground-water flow from higher fluid pressures in the deeper Cape Fear and Middendorf Formations to lower fluid pressures in the Black Creek Formation and shallower units. A flowmeter test indicated that greater than 75 percent of the natural, unpumped flow in the well is from the screened intervals no deeper than 3100 feet. Water-chemistry analyses indicate that the water sampled from the Middendorf and Cape Fear has about 1450 milligrams per liter dissolved solids, 310 to 1000 milligrams per liter sodium, and 144 to 1600 milligrams per liter chloride. Because these chloride concentrations would render water pumped from these aquifers as nonpotable, it is unlikely that these aquifers will be used as a supplemental source of water for island residents without some form of pretreatment. Similar chloride concentrations are present in some wells in the Upper Floridan aquifer adjacent to Port Royal Sound, and these chloride concentrations were the primary reason for drilling the test well in the Cretaceous formations as a possible source of more potable water.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00383678","usgsCitation":"Landmeyer, J., and Bradley, P., 1998, Hydrologic and water-chemistry data from the Cretaceous-aquifers test well (BFT-2055), Beaufort County, South Carolina: Southeastern Geology, v. 37, no. 3, p. 141-148.","startPage":"141","endPage":"148","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","county":"Beaufort County","volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a355de4b0c8380cd5fe61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landmeyer, J. E.","contributorId":91140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}