The effectiveness of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) modeling hinges on the quality of practices employed through the process, starting from early problem definition all the way through to using the model in a way that serves its intended purpose. The adoption and implementation of effective modeling practices need to be guided by a practical understanding of the variety of decisions that modelers make, and the information considered in making these choices. There is still limited documented knowledge on the modeling workflow, and the role of contextual factors in determining this workflow and which practices to employ. This paper attempts to contribute to this knowledge gap by providing systematic guidance of the modeling practices through the phases (Planning, Development, Application, and Perpetuation) and steps that comprise the modeling process, positing questions that should be addressed. Practice-focused guidance helps explain the detailed process of conducting IWRM modeling, including the role of contextual factors in shaping practices. We draw on findings from literature and the authors’ collective experience to articulate what and how contextual factors play out in employing those practices. In order to accelerate our learning about how to improve IWRM modeling, the paper concludes with five key areas for future practice-related research: knowledge sharing, overcoming data limitations, informed stakeholder involvement, social equity and uncertainty management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.02.013","usgsCitation":"Badham, J., Elsawah, S., Guillaume, J., Hamilton, S.H., Hunt, R., Jakeman, A.J., Pierce, S.A., Babbar-Sebens, M., Fu, B., Gober, P., Hill, M.C., Iwanaga, T., Loucks, D.P., Merritt, W.S., Peckham, S.D., Richmond, A.K., Zare, F., Ames, D.P., and Bammer, G., 2019, Effective modeling for Integrated Water Resource Management: A guide to contextual practices by phases and steps and future opportunities: Environmental Modelling & Software, v. 116, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.02.013.","productDescription":"17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-098737","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467903,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://ro.ecu.edu.au/ecuworkspost2013/5935","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383145,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Badham, J.","contributorId":248842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Badham","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36943,"text":"Queens University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elsawah, Sondoss","contributorId":146686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elsawah","given":"Sondoss","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":810047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guillaume, Joseph H. 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Although the importance of these factors in the success of reintroductions is well‐accepted, they are typically evaluated independently, which can miss important interactions. For species that persist in metapopulations, movement through and interaction with the landscape is predicted to be a vital component of persistence. Simulation‐based approaches are a promising technique for evaluating the independent and combined effects of these factors on the outcome of various reintroduction and associated management actions. We report results from a simulation study of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) reintroduction to three watersheds of the Pend Oreille River system in northeastern Washington State, USA. We used an individual‐based, spatially explicit simulation model to evaluate how reintroduction strategies, life history variation, and riverscape structure (e.g., network topology) interact to influence the demographic and genetic characteristics of reintroduced bull trout populations in three watersheds. Simulation scenarios included a range of initial genetic stocks (informed by empirical bull trout genetic data), variation in migratory tendency and life history, and two landscape connectivity alternatives representing a connected network (isolation‐by‐distance) and a fragmented network (isolation‐by‐barrier, using the known existing barriers). A novel feature of these simulations was the ability to consider the interaction of both demographic and genetic (i.e., demogenetic) factors in riverscapes with implicit asymmetric movement probabilities across the barriers. We found that connectivity (presence or absence of barriers) had the largest effect on demographic and genetic outcomes over 200 yr, with a greater effect than both initial genetic diversity and life history variation. We also identified regions of the study system in which bull trout populations persisted across a wide range of demographic, life history, and environmental connectivity parameters. Finally, we found no evidence that initial neutral genetic diversity influenced genetic diversity and structure after 200 yr; instead, genetic drift due to stray rate and population isolation dominated and erased any initial differences in genetic diversity. Our results highlight the utility of spatially explicit demogenetic approaches in exploring and understanding population dynamics—and their implications for management strategies—in fresh waters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2589","usgsCitation":"Mims, M.C., Day, C.C., Burkhart, J.J., Fuller, M.R., Hinkle, J., Bearlin, A., Dunham, J.B., DeHaan, P.W., Holden, Z.A., and Landguth, E.L., 2019, Simulating demography, genetics, and spatially explicit processes to inform reintroduction of a threatened char: Ecosphere, v. 10, no. 2, p. 1-24, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2589.","productDescription":"Article e02589; 24 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"24","ipdsId":"IP-103940","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467904,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2589","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":361262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Pend Oreille 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Inundation itself is an outcome of multi‐scalar interactions and can vary strongly within and among river reaches. As a result, establishing to what degree and how inundation dynamics vary spatially both within and among river reaches can be challenging. The objective of this study was to understand how river‐valley morphology, basin size, and flow‐event magnitude interact to affect inundation dynamics in river‐valley bottoms. We used 2D hydraulic models to simulate inundation in four river reaches from Maryland's Piedmont physiographic province, and qualitatively and quantitatively summarized within‐ and among‐reach patterns of inundation extent, duration, depth, shear stress, and wetting frequencies. On average, reaches from confined valley settings experienced less extensive flooding, shorter durations and shallower depths, stronger gradients of maximum shear stress, and relatively infrequent wetting compared to reaches from unconfined settings. These patterns were generally consistent across flow‐event magnitudes. Patterns of within‐reach flooding across event magnitudes revealed complex interactions between hydrology and surface topography. We concluded that valley morphology had a greater impact on flooding patterns than basin size: Inundation patterns were more consistent across reaches of similar morphology than similar basin size, but absolute values of inundation characteristics varied between large and small basins. Our results showed that the manifestation of out‐of‐bank flows in valley floors can vary widely depending on geomorphic context, even within a single physiographic province, which suggests that hydrologic and hydraulic conditions experienced on the valley floor may not be well represented by existing hydrologic metrics derived from discharge data alone. We thus support the notion that 2D hydraulic models can be useful hydrometric tools for cross‐scale investigations of floodplain ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2546","usgsCitation":"Van Appledorn, M., Baker, M.E., and Miller, A.J., 2019, River‐valley morphology, basin size, and flow‐event magnitude interact to produce wide variation in flooding dynamics: Ecosphere, v. 10, no. 1, p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2546.","productDescription":"Article e02546; 25 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"25","ipdsId":"IP-096187","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467905,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2546","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ITQTNQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Complex interactions among river-valley morphology, basin size, and flow-event magnitude structure the physical template of floodplain ecosystems. Data"},{"id":361256,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay Watershed","volume":"10","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-01-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Appledorn, Molly 0000-0002-8029-0014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8029-0014","contributorId":205785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Appledorn","given":"Molly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Matthew E.","contributorId":149189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17665,"text":"Department of Geography and Environmental Systems, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, US","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Andrew J.","contributorId":207595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":15309,"text":"University of Maryland Baltimore County","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70202210,"text":"70202210 - 2019 - Effects of urban multi-stressors on three stream biotic assemblages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-14T12:28:29","indexId":"70202210","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-14T12:28:25","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of urban multi-stressors on three stream biotic assemblages","docAbstract":"During 2014, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment(NAWQA) project assessed stream quality in 75 streams across an urban disturbance gradient within the Piedmont ecoregion of southeastern United States. Our objectives were to identify primary instream stressors affecting algal, macroinvertebrate and fish assemblages in wadeable streams. Biotic communities were surveyed once at each site, and various instream stressors were measured during a 4-week index period preceding the ecological sampling. The measured stressors included nutrients; contaminants in water, passive samplers, and sediment; instream habitat; and flow variability. All nine boosted regression tree models – three for each of algae, invertebrates, and fish – had cross-validation R2 (CV R2) values of 0.41 or above, and an invertebrate model had the highest CV R2 of 0.65. At least one contaminant metric was important in every model, and minimum daytime dissolved oxygen (DO), nutrients, and flow alteration were important explanatory variables in many of the models. Physical habitat metrics such as sediment substrate were only moderately important. Flow alteration metrics were useful factors in eight of the nine models. Total phosphorus, acetanilide herbicides and flow (time since last peak) were important in all three algal models, whereas insecticide metrics (especially those representing fipronil and imidacloprid) were dominant in the invertebrate models. DO values below approximately 7 mg/L corresponded to a strong decrease in sensitive taxa or an increase in tolerant taxa. DO also showed strong interactions with other variables, particularly contaminants and sediment, where the combined effect of low DO and elevated contaminants increased the impact on the biota more than each variable individually. Contaminants and flow alteration were strongly correlated to urbanization, indicating the importance of urbanization to ecological stream condition in the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.240","usgsCitation":"Waite, I.R., Munn, M., Moran, P.W., Konrad, C.P., Nowell, L.H., Meador, M.R., Van Metre, P.C., and Carlisle, D.M., 2019, Effects of urban multi-stressors on three stream biotic assemblages: Science of the Total Environment, v. 660, p. 1472-1485, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.240.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1472","endPage":"1485","ipdsId":"IP-100484","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467906,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.240","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9L86OG8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water-quality and stream-habitat metrics calculated for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program's Regional Stream Quality Assessment conducted in the southeast United States in support of ecological and habitat stressor models, 2014"},{"id":361255,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"660","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, Ian R. 0000-0003-1681-6955 iwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-6955","contributorId":616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"Ian","email":"iwaite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munn, Mark D. 0000-0002-7154-7252","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-7252","contributorId":205360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munn","given":"Mark D.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Patrick W. 0000-0002-2002-3539 pwmoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-3539","contributorId":489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Patrick","email":"pwmoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Konrad, Christopher P. 0000-0002-7354-547X cpkonrad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7354-547X","contributorId":1716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konrad","given":"Christopher","email":"cpkonrad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nowell, Lisa H. 0000-0001-5417-7264 lhnowell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5417-7264","contributorId":490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowell","given":"Lisa","email":"lhnowell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meador, Michael R. 0000-0001-5956-3340 mrmeador@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5956-3340","contributorId":195592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"Michael","email":"mrmeador@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":757256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Van Metre, Peter C. 0000-0001-7564-9814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-9814","contributorId":211144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Carlisle, Daren M. 0000-0002-7367-348X dcarlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7367-348X","contributorId":513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"Daren","email":"dcarlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70202191,"text":"70202191 - 2019 - Most Earth-surface calcites precipitate out of isotopic equilibrium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-14T09:43:05","indexId":"70202191","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-14T09:43:01","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Most Earth-surface calcites precipitate out of isotopic equilibrium","docAbstract":"Oxygen-isotope thermometry played a critical role in the rise of modern geochemistry and remains extensively used in (bio-)geoscience. Its theoretical foundations rest on the assumption that 18O/16O partitioning among water and carbonate minerals primarily reflects thermodynamic equilibrium. However, after decades of research, there is no consensus on the true equilibrium 18O/16O fractionation between calcite and water (18αcc/w). Here, we constrain the equilibrium relations linking temperature, 18αcc/w, and clumped isotopes (Δ47) based on the composition of extremely slow-growing calcites from Devils Hole and Laghetto Basso (Corchia Cave). Equilibrium 18αcc/w values are systematically ~1.5‰ greater than those in biogenic and synthetic calcite traditionally considered to approach oxygen-isotope equilibrium. We further demonstrate that subtle disequilibria also affect Δ47 in biogenic calcite. These observations provide evidence that most Earth-surface calcites fail to achieve isotopic equilibrium, highlighting the need to improve our quantitative understanding of non-equilibrium isotope fractionation effects instead of relying on phenomenological calibrations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41467-019-08336-5","usgsCitation":"Daeron, M., Drysdale, R.N., Peral, M., Huyghe, D., Blamart, D., Coplen, T.B., Lartaud, F., and Zanchetta, G., 2019, Most Earth-surface calcites precipitate out of isotopic equilibrium: Nature Communications, v. 10, no. 1, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08336-5.","productDescription":"Article number: 429; 7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-097869","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08336-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":361242,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-01-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daeron, Mathieu 0000-0003-1210-9786","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1210-9786","contributorId":213227,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daeron","given":"Mathieu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38725,"text":"Université Paris-Saclay, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drysdale, Russell N 0000-0001-7867-031X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7867-031X","contributorId":213230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drysdale","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"N","affiliations":[{"id":16747,"text":"University of Melbourne, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peral, Marion 0000-0002-6027-5482","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-5482","contributorId":213228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peral","given":"Marion","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38725,"text":"Université Paris-Saclay, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huyghe, Damien","contributorId":213229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huyghe","given":"Damien","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38726,"text":"Sorbonne Université, F-66650 Banyuls-sur-mer, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blamart, Dominique 0000-0003-1422-362X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1422-362X","contributorId":213231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blamart","given":"Dominique","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38725,"text":"Université Paris-Saclay, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lartaud, Franck 0000-0001-7130-2944","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7130-2944","contributorId":213232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lartaud","given":"Franck","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38726,"text":"Sorbonne Université, F-66650 Banyuls-sur-mer, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zanchetta, Giovanni 0000-0002-7080-9599","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7080-9599","contributorId":213233,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zanchetta","given":"Giovanni","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38727,"text":"University of Pisa, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70005455,"text":"tm11B2 - 2019 - US Topo Product Standard","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-14T10:58:54","indexId":"tm11B2","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-13T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"11-B2","title":"US Topo Product Standard","docAbstract":"This document defines a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) digital topographic map. This map product series, named “US Topo,” is modeled on the now historical USGS 7.5-minute (1:24,000 scale) topographic map series produced and printed by the USGS from 1947 to 2006. US Topo maps have the same extent, scale, and general layout as the historical topographic maps. US Topo maps incorporate an orthorectified image (hereinafter referred to as “orthoimage”) and shaded relief image along with a selection of data that were included in the historical 7.5-minute topographic maps. Between June and September of 2017, the USGS transitioned the format of US Topo maps to be published, by using a geospatial extension, in an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 32000-compliant Adobe® portable document format (PDF) that is called a “geospatial PDF.” Previously, US Topo maps were published, by using geospatial extensions patented by TerraGo® Technologies, in PDF in a format called a “GeoPDF®.” The geospatial PDF design allows a user to zoom in and out in a georeferenced environment, turn layers on and off, view or print any combination of layers, and print any portion of the map at the published scale. US Topo maps are intended to serve conventional map users by providing geographic information system (GIS) information in symbolized form in the customary topographic map layout. The maps are not intended for advanced GIS analysis applications. These products are built on standard coordinate systems and include full U.S. National Grid (USNG) lines, making US Topo maps particularly useful for emergency first-response operations. These maps are also used by traditional topographic map users, such as resource managers, planners, and recreational users who continue to have a need for the symbolized feature data contained in the 7.5-minute quadrangle maps. Full-size style sheet templates in PDF defining the placement of map elements, marginalia, and font sizes and styles accompany this standard. US Topo maps published as geospatial PDFs are fashioned to conform to these style sheets so that a user can print out a map at the 1:24,000, 1:25,000, or 1:20,000 scale using the dimensions of the traditional standard 7.5-minute quadrangle. Symbology and type specifications for feature content and detailed requirements for geospatial content will be published separately. This document is an update of the US Topo Product Standard published in 2011 (Cooley and others, 2011). It is applicable to all US Topo maps. Updates in this version include
|
Director, National Geospatial Technical Operations Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 510
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225-0046
Recent coastal storms and associated recovery efforts have led to increased investment in nature-based coastal protection, including restoration of salt marshes and construction of living shorelines. In particular, many of these efforts focus on increasing vertical elevation through sediment nourishment, where sediment is removed from the tidal channel and placed on the marsh plain, or preventing lateral erosion through shoreline protection. In the USA alone, millions of dollars have been allocated or spent on these coastal protection solutions over the last few decades because of their perceived sustainability and ecologically positive co-benefits including habitat provision and carbon sequestration. These projects would benefit from integration of sediment transport pathways, budgets, and metrics during planning and modeling of restoration outcomes, in order to evaluate sustainability before investment. This is analogous to the decades of experience with coastal management and engineering on the open coast. Salt marshes are geomorphic features that rely partially on external sediment supply to maintain their network of tidal channels, intertidal flats, and marsh plain. Removing sediment from one component of the overall system to nourish another component may be counterproductive, given that the net sediment budget is unchanged. For example, dredging a tidal channel beyond its equilibrium condition will cause it to fill with sediment from the tidal flat or elsewhere in the system. This may cause slumping of the marsh edge, or over-deepening of other sections of the channel to compensate. Similarly, shoreline protection that prevents edge erosion hampers the marsh plain’s ability to accrete on the levee and naturally transgress landward or it starves other components of the system of regularly supplied sediment. A limited vertical or lateral-only perspective, instead of a three-dimensional perspective, during project planning and evaluation may lead to suboptimal decision-making regarding restoration priorities, approaches, and outcomes. I contend that before significant investments are made in marsh restoration through sediment nourishment or shoreline protection, sediment transport measurements and models that consider sediment dynamics should be integrated into the early phases of restoration planning. This will help identify where and under what conditions marsh restoration will most likely be successful and economically justified. Triaging and prioritizing is then possible, which is a sustainable approach for restoration, given the persistent vulnerability of marshes to sea-level rise, storms, and sediment deficits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-019-00531-3","usgsCitation":"Ganju, N., 2019, Marshes are the new beaches: Integrating sediment transport into restoration planning: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 42, no. 4, p. 917-926, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-019-00531-3.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"917","endPage":"926","ipdsId":"IP-103240","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-019-00531-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":361288,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"42","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-02-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":202878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70202178,"text":"70202178 - 2019 - The dual‐domain porosity apparatus: Characterizing dual porosity at the sediment/water interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-23T12:21:29","indexId":"70202178","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-12T16:49:16","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The dual‐domain porosity apparatus: Characterizing dual porosity at the sediment/water interface","docAbstract":"The characterization of pore-space connectivity in porous media at the sediment/water interface is critical to understanding contaminant transport and reactive biogeochemical processes in zones of groundwater and surface-water exchange. Previous in situ studies of dual-domain (i.e., \nmobile/less-mobile porosity) studies have been limited to solute tracer injections at scales of meters to 100s of meters and subsequent numerical model parameterization using fluid concentration histories. Pairing fine-scale (e.g., sub-meter) geoelectrical measurements with fluid tracer data over time alleviates dependence on flowpath-scale experiments, enabling spatially targeted characterization of shallow sediment/water interface media where biogeochemical reactivity is often high. The Dual-Domain Porosity Apparatus is a field-tested device capable of variable rate-controlled downward flow experiments. The Dual-Domain Porosity Apparatus facilitates meter-scale inference of dual-domain parameters, i.e., mobile/less-mobile exchange rate coefficient and the ratio of less mobile to mobile porosity. The Dual-Domain Porosity Apparatus experimental procedure uses water electrical conductivity as a conservative tracer of differential loading and flushing of pore spaces within the region of measurement. Variable injection rates permit the direct quantification of the flow-dependence of dual-domain parameters, which has been theorized for decades but remains challenging to assess using existing experimental methodologies.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12846","usgsCitation":"Scruggs, C.R., Briggs, M.A., Day-Lewis, F.D., Werkema, D.D., and Lane, J., 2019, The dual‐domain porosity apparatus: Characterizing dual porosity at the sediment/water interface: Groundwater, v. 57, no. 4, p. 640-646, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12846.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"640","endPage":"646","ipdsId":"IP-102223","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7028363","text":"External Repository"},{"id":361214,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scruggs, Courtney R. 0000-0002-1744-3233 cscruggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1744-3233","contributorId":190406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scruggs","given":"Courtney","email":"cscruggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":4114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Werkema, Dale D.","contributorId":190401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Werkema","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":757120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":210076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70202165,"text":"70202165 - 2019 - A bibliometric profile of the Remote Sensing Open Access Journal published by MDPI between 2009 and 2018","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-12T13:10:39","indexId":"70202165","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-12T13:10:32","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A bibliometric profile of the Remote Sensing Open Access Journal published by MDPI between 2009 and 2018","docAbstract":"Remote Sensing Open Access Journal (RS OAJ) is an international leading journal in the field of remote sensing science and technology. It was first published in the year 2009 and is currently celebrating tenth year of publications. In this research, a bibliometric analysis of RS OAJ was conducted based on 5588 articles published during the 10-year (2009–2018) time-period. The bibliometric analysis includes a comprehensive set of indicators such as dynamics and trends of publications, journal impact factor, total cites, eigenfactor score, normalized eigenfactor, CiteScore, h-index, h-classic publications, most productive countries (or territories) and institutions, co-authorship collaboration about countries (territories), research themes, citation impact of co-occurrences keywords, intellectual structure, and knowledge commutation. We found that publications of RS OAJ presented an exponential growth in the past ten years. From 2010 to 2017 (for which complete years data were available), the h-index of RS OAJ is 67. From 2009–2018, RS OAJ includes publications from 129 countries (or territories) and 3826 institutions. The leading nations contributing articles, based on 2009–2018 data, and listed based on ranking were: China, United States, Germany, Italy, France, Spain, Canada, England, Australia, Netherlands, Japan, Switzerland and Austria. The leading institutions, also for the same period and listed based on ranking were: Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan University, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Normal University, The university of Maryland, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, China University of Geosciences, United States Geological Survey, German Aerospace Centre, University of Twente, and California Institute of Technology. For the year 2017, RS OAJ had an impressive journal impact factor of 3.4060, a CiteScore of 4.03, eigenfactor score of 0.0342, and normalized eigenfactor score of 3.99. In addition, based on 2009–2018, data co-word analysis determined that “remote sensing”, “MODIS”, “Landsat”, “LiDAR” and “NDVI” are the high-frequency of author keywords co-occurrence in RS OAJ. The main themes of RS OAJ are multi-spectral and hyperspectral remote sensing, LiDAR scanning and forestry remote sensing monitoring, MODIS and LAI data applications, Remote sensing applications and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). Through author keywords citation impact analysis, we find the most influential keyword is Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), followed, forestry, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), terrestrial laser scanning, airborne laser scanning, forestry inventory, urban heat island, monitoring, agriculture, and laser scanning. By analyzing the intellectual structure of RS OAJ, we identify the main reference publications and find that the themes are about Random Forests, MODIS vegetation indices and image analysis, etc. RS OAJ ranks first in cited journals and third in citing, this indicates that RS OAJ has the internal knowledge flow. Our results will bring more benefits to scholars, researchers and graduate students, who hopes to get a quick overview of the RS OAJ. And this article will also be the starting point for communication between scholars and practitioners. Finally, this paper proposed a nuanced h-index (nh-index) to measure productivity and intellectual contribution of authors by considering h-index based on whether the one is first, second, third, or nth author. This nuanced approach to determining h-index of authors is powerful indicator of an academician’s productivity and intellectual contribution.
","language":"English","publisher":"MPDI","doi":"10.3390/rs11010091","usgsCitation":"Zhang, Y., Thenkabail, P.S., and Wang, P., 2019, A bibliometric profile of the Remote Sensing Open Access Journal published by MDPI between 2009 and 2018: Remote Sensing, v. 11, no. 1, p. 1-34, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010091.","productDescription":"Article 91; 34 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"34","ipdsId":"IP-103309","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467911,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010091","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":361176,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, YuYing","contributorId":213186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"YuYing","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38712,"text":"Faculty of Education, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thenkabail, Prasad S. 0000-0002-2182-8822 pthenkabail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2182-8822","contributorId":570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thenkabail","given":"Prasad","email":"pthenkabail@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Peng","contributorId":213187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Peng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38713,"text":"Faculty of Management and Economics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70202141,"text":"70202141 - 2019 - Rayleigh wave ellipticity measurement uncertainty across the IRIS/USGS and New China Digital Seismograph Networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-12T11:17:13","indexId":"70202141","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-12T11:15:03","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rayleigh wave ellipticity measurement uncertainty across the IRIS/USGS and New China Digital Seismograph Networks","docAbstract":"Long-period Rayleigh wave horizontal to vertical amplitude (H/V) ratios at a station provide information about local earth structure that is complementary to phase velocity. However, a number of studies have observed that significant scatter appears in these measurements making it difficult to use H/V ratio measurements to resolve earth structure. Some of the scatter in these measurements has been attributed to local geological structure while some has remained unaccounted for. Most Global Seismographic Network (GSN) stations contain two nearby high-quality broad-band seismometers (e.g. in the same vault, but on different piers or in different boreholes). For each broad-band sensor in the IRIS/USGS component of the GSN, we estimate H/V ratios of fundamental mode Rayleigh waves using M > 6.5 earthquakes from 2001 to 2018 (around 19 000 measurements). We compute these ratios at a number of discrete periods (25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 s) and find that for well-isolated Rayleigh waves (windows where the correlation coefficients between radial and the phase-shifted vertical components are greater than 0.9) significant scatter in H/V ratios occurs between colocated sensors (greater than 25 per cent at 100 s period). This suggests the scatter in H/V ratio measurements can be at least partially attributed to extremely local phenomena such as sensor emplacement in the vault. We also find that H/V ratios can vary as a function of event backazimuth, indicating that care must be taken when computing average ratios for a station, as a large number of events from a given region could bias H/V ratio measurements at a station.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggy527","usgsCitation":"Ringler, A.T., Wilson, D.C., Zurn, W., and Anthony, R.E., 2019, Rayleigh wave ellipticity measurement uncertainty across the IRIS/USGS and New China Digital Seismograph Networks: Geophysical Journal International, v. 217, no. 1, p. 219-237, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggy527.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"237","ipdsId":"IP-103803","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467912,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggy527","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":361168,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"217","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":145576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, David C. 0000-0003-2582-5159 dwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-5159","contributorId":145580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"David","email":"dwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zurn, Walter","contributorId":213170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zurn","given":"Walter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38709,"text":"Black Forest Observatory, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Stuttgart University, Heubach 206, D-77709 Wolfach, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anthony, Robert 0000-0001-7089-8846 reanthony@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7089-8846","contributorId":202829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Robert","email":"reanthony@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70203224,"text":"70203224 - 2019 - Stratification of reactivity determines nitrate removal in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-01T07:53:36","indexId":"70203224","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-12T07:52:44","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratification of reactivity determines nitrate removal in groundwater","docAbstract":"Biogeochemical reactions occur unevenly in space and time, but this heterogeneity is often simplified as a linear average due to sparse data, especially in subsurface environments where access is limited. For example, little is known about the spatial variability of groundwater denitrification, an important process in removing nitrate originating from agriculture and land use conversion. Information about the rate, arrangement, and extent of denitrification is needed to determine sustainable limits of human activity and to predict recovery time frames. Here, we developed and validated a method for inferring the spatial organization of sequential biogeochemical reactions in an aquifer in France. We applied it to five other aquifers in different geological settings located in the United States and compared results among 44 locations across the six aquifers to assess the generality of reactivity trends. Of the sampling locations, 79% showed pronounced increases of reactivity with depth. This suggests that previous estimates of denitrification have underestimated the capacity of deep aquifers to remove nitrate, while overestimating nitrate removal in shallow flow paths. Oxygen and nitrate reduction likely increases with depth because there is relatively little organic carbon in agricultural soils and because excess nitrate input has depleted solid phase electron donors near the surface. Our findings explain the long-standing conundrum of why apparent reaction rates of oxygen in aquifers are typically smaller than those of nitrate, which is energetically less favorable. This stratified reactivity framework is promising for mapping vertical reactivity trends in aquifers, generating new understanding of subsurface ecosystems and their capacity to remove contaminants.
In theory, extirpated plant species can be reintroduced and managed to restore sustainable populations. However, few reintroduced plants are known to persist for more than a few years. Our adaptive‐management case study illustrates how we restored the endangered hemiparasitic annual plant, Chloropyron maritimum subsp. maritimum (salt marsh bird's beak), to Sweetwater Marsh, San Diego Bay National Wildlife Refuge, California, United States, and used monitoring and experimentation to identify the factors limiting the reintroduced population. After extirpation in 1988, reintroduction starting that year led to a resilient, genetically diverse population in 2016 (a “boom” of approximately 14,000) that rebounded from a “bust” (62 in 2014). Multiple regressions attributed 82% of the variation in population counts to tidal amplitude, rainfall, and temperature. Populations of salt marsh bird's beak crashed when the diurnal tide range peaked during the 18.6‐year lunar nodal cycle (a rarely considered factor that periodically added approximately 12 cm to tidal ranges). We explain booms as follows: During smaller tidal amplitudes, above‐average rainfall could desalinize upper intertidal soils and stimulate salt marsh bird's beak germination. Then, moderate temperature in May favors growth to reproduction in June. In addition, salt marsh bird's beak needs a short and open canopy of native perennial plants, with roots to parasitize (not non‐native annual grass pseudohosts) and nearby upland soil for a preferred pollinator, ground‐burrowing bees. Although our reintroduced salt marsh bird's beak population is an exceptional case of persistence, this rare species‐specific environmental and biological requirement makes it vulnerable to rising sea levels and global warming.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.12934","usgsCitation":"Noe, G.E., Fellows, M., Parsons, L., West, J., Callaway, J.C., Trnka, S., Wegener, M., and Zedler, J., 2019, Adaptive management assists reintroduction as higher tides threaten an endangered salt marsh plant: Restoration Ecology, v. 27, no. 4, p. 750-757, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12934.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"750","endPage":"757","ipdsId":"IP-101060","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467914,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12934","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":362511,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County ","otherGeospatial":" San Diego Bay National Wildlife Refuge ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.11820602416992,\n 32.63474905974431\n ],\n [\n -117.09846496582031,\n 32.63474905974431\n ],\n [\n -117.09846496582031,\n 32.6473249323176\n ],\n [\n -117.11820602416992,\n 32.6473249323176\n ],\n [\n -117.11820602416992,\n 32.63474905974431\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fellows, Meghan","contributorId":208100,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fellows","given":"Meghan","affiliations":[{"id":37716,"text":"Fairfax County Government","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parsons, Lorraine","contributorId":208101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parsons","given":"Lorraine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27964,"text":"Point Reyes National Seashore","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"West, Janelle","contributorId":208102,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"Janelle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37717,"text":"Mira Costa College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Callaway, John C. 0000-0002-7364-286X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7364-286X","contributorId":205456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Callaway","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37110,"text":"Dept. of Environmental Science, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton St., San Francisco, CA 94117","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Trnka, Sally","contributorId":208103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trnka","given":"Sally","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37718,"text":"HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wegener, Mark","contributorId":208104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wegener","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zedler, Joy","contributorId":208105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zedler","given":"Joy","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70202097,"text":"70202097 - 2019 - Linking landscapes and people—Projecting the future of the Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-13T11:38:49","indexId":"70202097","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-11T11:07:46","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3230,"text":"Rangelands","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking landscapes and people—Projecting the future of the Great Plains","docAbstract":"The precise quantification of mercury (Hg) stable isotope compositions in low concentration or dilute samples poses analytical challenges due to Hg mass limitations. Common Hg pre-concentration procedures require extended processing times, making rapid Hg stable isotope measurements challenging. Here we present a modified pre-concentration method that combines commonly used Hg reduction and gold trap amalgamation followed by semi-rapid thermal desorption (less than 1 h) and chemical trapping. This custom designed system was demonstrated to perform adequately on multiple trapping matrices including a new bromine monochloride (BrCl) wet oxidant trap (40% 3HNO3:BrCl), capable of trapping consistently in 2 mL volume over a wide range of Hg masses (5–200 ng). The procedure was also shown to work effectively on natural matrices, waters and sediments, producing comparable isotope results to the direct digestion analyses. Here, we present a method that can effectively triple sample throughput in comparison to traditional procedures, and also access lower concentration matrices without compromising the accuracy or precision of Hg isotope measurements.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2018.12.026","usgsCitation":"Janssen, S., Lepak, R., Tate, M., Ogorek, J.M., DeWild, J.F., Babiarz, C.L., Hurley, J., and Krabbenhoft, D.P., 2019, Rapid pre-concentration of mercury in solids and water for isotopic analysis: Analytica Chimica Acta, v. 1054, p. 95-103, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2018.12.026.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"103","ipdsId":"IP-103352","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467917,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2018.12.026","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GU2R16","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Stable Mercury Isotopic Analyses in Natural Matrices via Rapid Pre-Concentration Method"},{"id":361125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1054","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janssen, Sarah E. 0000-0003-4432-3154","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4432-3154","contributorId":210991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janssen","given":"Sarah E.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lepak, Ryan F. 0000-0003-2806-1895","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2806-1895","contributorId":210990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lepak","given":"Ryan F.","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tate, Michael T. 0000-0003-1525-1219 mttate@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1525-1219","contributorId":3144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tate","given":"Michael T.","email":"mttate@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ogorek, Jacob M. 0000-0002-6327-0740 jmogorek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6327-0740","contributorId":4960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogorek","given":"Jacob","email":"jmogorek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeWild, John F. 0000-0003-4097-2798 jfdewild@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-2798","contributorId":2525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWild","given":"John","email":"jfdewild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Babiarz, Christopher L. 0000-0002-6973-2387","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6973-2387","contributorId":213065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Babiarz","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hurley, James P.","contributorId":147931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hurley","given":"James P.","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70203031,"text":"70203031 - 2019 - Four major Holocene earthquakes on the Reelfoot fault recorded by sackungen in the New Madrid seismic zone, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-18T11:32:03","indexId":"70203031","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-11T10:10:23","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Four major Holocene earthquakes on the Reelfoot fault recorded by sackungen in the New Madrid seismic zone, USA","docAbstract":"Three sequences of well-documented, major ~M7+ earthquakes (1811-1812 CE, ~1450 CE, and ~900 CE) in the New Madrid seismic zone, USA, contribute significantly to seismic hazard in the region. However, it is unknown whether this <550 yr recurrence interval has been constant throughout the Holocene given limited geomorphic evidence of prior earthquakes. We extend the record of paleoearthquakes along the Reelfoot fault via investigation of ridge-top gravitational failure features, interpreted as sackungen. The sackungen occur in bluffs along the eastern margin of the Mississippi River floodplain and are concentrated near (<15 km) the southwest-dipping Reelfoot reverse fault. A paleoseismic trench excavated across sackungen at the Paw Paw site exposed four packages of colluvial sediment that postdate 30-11 ka Peoria loess. We interpret the colluvial packages to have been deposited following episodic failure of the sackungen as a result of strong ground motions from the following sequence of earthquakes: event 4, 1640 ± 1730 BCE; event 3, 340 ± 670 CE; event 2, 1430 ± 380 CE; and event 1, 1810 ± 50 CE (2-sigma). Event timing corresponds to previously documented earthquakes and represents the longest archive of paleoearthquakes on the Reelfoot fault. If the trenched sackungen record all major Reelfoot fault earthquakes, our observations in combination with prior investigations indicate a period of quiescence from at least 11 – 4.7 ka, followed by four major seismic events culminating in the 1811-1812 CE sequence. This clustered earthquake recurrence helps place bounds on seismic-hazard and geodynamic models in the New Madrid seismic zone.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2018JB016806","usgsCitation":"Gold, R.D., DuRoss, C., Delano, J.E., Jibson, R.W., Briggs, R.W., Mahan, S.A., Williams, R., and Corbett, D.R., 2019, Four major Holocene earthquakes on the Reelfoot fault recorded by sackungen in the New Madrid seismic zone, USA: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 124, p. 3105-3126, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016806.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"3105","endPage":"3126","ipdsId":"IP-103939","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb016806","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":362947,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Missouri","otherGeospatial":"New Madrid seismic zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.7747802734375,\n 35.917971791312816\n ],\n [\n -89.285888671875,\n 35.92019610057511\n ],\n [\n -89.285888671875,\n 36.328402729422656\n ],\n [\n -89.7747802734375,\n 36.328402729422656\n ],\n [\n -89.7747802734375,\n 35.917971791312816\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"124","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gold, Ryan D. 0000-0002-4464-6394 rgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-6394","contributorId":3883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"Ryan","email":"rgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DuRoss, Christopher B. 0000-0002-6963-7451 cduross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6963-7451","contributorId":152321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuRoss","given":"Christopher","email":"cduross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delano, Jaime E. 0000-0003-2601-2600","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2601-2600","contributorId":210604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delano","given":"Jaime","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jibson, Randall W. 0000-0003-3399-0875 jibson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-0875","contributorId":2985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jibson","given":"Randall","email":"jibson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":139002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Williams, Robert 0000-0002-2973-8493 rawilliams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-8493","contributorId":140741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Robert","email":"rawilliams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Corbett, D. Reide","contributorId":192894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corbett","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Reide","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70202226,"text":"70202226 - 2019 - Economical environmental sampler designs for detecting airborne spread of fungi responsible for Rapid `Ōhi`a Death","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-08T13:04:28.643002","indexId":"70202226","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-10T13:18:57","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5593,"text":"Hawai`i Cooperative Studies Unit Technical Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-TR087","title":"Economical environmental sampler designs for detecting airborne spread of fungi responsible for Rapid `Ōhi`a Death","docAbstract":"We designed two new samplers for monitoring airborne particulates that rely on either natural wind currents (Passive Environmental Sampler) or a battery-operated fan (Active Environmental Sampler). Both samplers are significantly less expensive than commercial devices such as Rotorod® and Burkard Samplers that are used in the agricultural and health science industries. They are economical enough to be deployed in large numbers across broad landscapes. We evaluated their use for detecting airborne spread of ambrosia beetle frass that may contain infective spores of the fungi (Ceratocystis lukuohia and C. huliohia) that are responsible for Rapid `Ōhi`a Death (ROD), a newly documented pathosystem on Hawai`i Island. We compared performance of the new samplers to Rotorod® Model 20 Samplers by releasing synthetic polyethylene spheres (12–160 µm in diameter) and also Xyleborus spp. frass known to contain C. lukuohia and C. huliohia propagules under controlled laboratory and field conditions. Overall, the Active Environmental Sampler proved to be 3–4 times more effective in capturing polyethylene spheres and 2–3 times more effective in capturing frass than either the Passive or Rotorod® Samplers. Significant differences between the Passive and Rotorod® Samplers were not detected. For the frass release experiment, C. lukuohia DNA was detected once by qPCR in an Active Environmental Sampler and C. huliohia DNA was detected during two different trials, once with an Active Environmental Sampler and once with a Passive Environmental Sampler. No detections were made with Rotorod® Samplers. Both Active and Passive Samplers were used in the field for detection of airborne dispersal of C. lukuohia and C. huliohia at Orchidlands Estates in the Puna District of Hawai`i Island. We found that airborne dispersal of potentially infective beetle frass was uncommon over short distances with qPCR detections in up to 10% of weekly sampler collections.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","usgsCitation":"Atkinson, C.T., Roy, K., and Granthon, C., 2019, Economical environmental sampler designs for detecting airborne spread of fungi responsible for Rapid `Ōhi`a Death: Hawai`i Cooperative Studies Unit Technical Report HCSU-TR087, iv, 33 p.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p.","ipdsId":"IP-103960","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361275,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10790/4568"},{"id":361292,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atkinson, Carter T. 0000-0002-4232-5335 catkinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-5335","contributorId":1124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Carter","email":"catkinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Kylle 0000-0002-7993-9031","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7993-9031","contributorId":213271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Kylle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Granthon, Carolina 0000-0003-4206-5913","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4206-5913","contributorId":213272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Granthon","given":"Carolina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13341,"text":"Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70208213,"text":"70208213 - 2019 - Application of multistate modeling to estimate salmonid survival and movement in relation to spatial and temporal variation in metal exposure in a large mining-impacted river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-31T06:40:30","indexId":"70208213","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-09T06:38:07","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of multistate modeling to estimate salmonid survival and movement in relation to spatial and temporal variation in metal exposure in a large mining-impacted river","docAbstract":"We used telemetry and multistate modeling to estimate survival and movement of brown trout Salmo trutta and westslope cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi in relation to dissolved copper concentrations in 189 km of the upper Clark Fork River, Montana, a mining-impacted river in western Montana. Annual survival estimates for both brown trout (range, 0.27-0.53) and westslope cutthroat trout (range, 0.001-0.34) over the three-year study were low and variable within the study area, with survival negatively related to level of copper exposure. Survival probability for brown trout and westslope cutthroat trout in the uppermost river segment, where dissolved copper concentrations frequently exceeded acute criteria for aquatic life (range, 31-60 d >13.4 µg·L-1), was 2.1 times and 122 times lower, respectively, compared to survival rates in the lowermost segment that had relatively low dissolved copper (0 d exceedance of acute concentration). Seasonal differences in survival also appeared to be related to copper exposure level. Lowest survival for both species occurred in the spring-summer period when dissolved copper concentrations were elevated coincident with higher discharge. Movement among study segments was generally low, and cutthroat trout in particular showed low movement into the uppermost river segment with the most elevated copper levels. Both species showed high rates of movement into tributaries, which coincided with their respective spawning migrations rather than as an apparent avoidance of elevated copper levels. Our research design provided an uncommon opportunity to directly relate the degree of contaminant exposure to estimates of fish survival and movement at a population-level over a large spatial scale. This linkage between survival rate and level of copper exposure for both brown trout and cutthroat trout in the upper Clark Fork River suggests that additional removal of tailings deposits could improve survival rates.","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2018-0280","usgsCitation":"Mayfield, M.P., McMahon, T., Rotella, J.J., Gresswell, R.E., Selch, T.M., Saffle, P., Lindstrom, J., and Liermann, B., 2019, Application of multistate modeling to estimate salmonid survival and movement in relation to spatial and temporal variation in metal exposure in a large mining-impacted river: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 76, no. 11, p. 2057-2068, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0280.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2057","endPage":"2068","ipdsId":"IP-092931","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0280","text":"External Repository"},{"id":371781,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana ","otherGeospatial":"Clark Fork River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.12597656249999,\n 45.042478050891546\n ],\n [\n -108.358154296875,\n 45.042478050891546\n ],\n [\n -108.358154296875,\n 47.07012182383309\n ],\n [\n -114.12597656249999,\n 47.07012182383309\n ],\n [\n -114.12597656249999,\n 45.042478050891546\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mayfield, Mariah P.","contributorId":200089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayfield","given":"Mariah","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMahon, Thomas E.","contributorId":189425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMahon","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rotella, Jay J.","contributorId":37271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rotella","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5098,"text":"Department of Ecology, Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gresswell, Robert E. 0000-0003-0063-855X bgresswell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0063-855X","contributorId":152031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"Robert","email":"bgresswell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Selch, Trevor M.","contributorId":222035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Selch","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40479,"text":"Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife & Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Saffle, Patrick","contributorId":222036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saffle","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40479,"text":"Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife & Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lindstrom, Jason","contributorId":222037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindstrom","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40479,"text":"Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife & Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Liermann, Brad","contributorId":173468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liermann","given":"Brad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6581,"text":"Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Kalispell, Montana 59901, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70203003,"text":"70203003 - 2019 - Groundwater inflow toward a preheated volcanic conduit: Application to the 2018 eruption at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai’i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-11T10:25:06","indexId":"70203003","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-08T10:23:03","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater inflow toward a preheated volcanic conduit: Application to the 2018 eruption at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai’i","docAbstract":"The many successes in volcano forecasting over the past several decades owe mainly to pattern recognition, both in monitoring data and the geologic record. During the early stages of the 2018 Kīlauea eruption, the conceptual model of Stearns (1925), based on the explosive 1924 Kīlauea eruption, was highly influential. This model postulates that explosions are triggered by liquid-water inflow into a recently vacated magma conduit. Modern quantitative modeling approaches, supplemented by hydrogeologic data unavailable in 1925, yield a more nuanced view. Results demonstrate that liquid-water inflow would likely be delayed by months to years, owing to the inability of liquid water to transit a zone of very hot rock surrounding the conduit. The exercise demonstrates the use of physically based modeling to supplement traditional volcano-forecasting approaches during an ongoing event.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2018JB017133","usgsCitation":"Hsieh, P.A., and Ingebritsen, S.E., 2019, Groundwater inflow toward a preheated volcanic conduit: Application to the 2018 eruption at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai’i: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 124, no. 2, p. 1498-1506, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB017133.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1498","endPage":"1506","ipdsId":"IP-103531","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362911,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.30393600463867,\n 19.39050559875186\n ],\n [\n -155.30393600463867,\n 19.44296062654318\n ],\n [\n -155.23029327392578,\n 19.44296062654318\n ],\n [\n -155.23029327392578,\n 19.39050559875186\n ],\n [\n -155.30393600463867,\n 19.39050559875186\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"124","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hsieh, Paul A. 0000-0003-4873-4874 pahsieh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-4874","contributorId":1634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"Paul","email":"pahsieh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39113,"text":"WMA - Office of Quality Assurance","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ingebritsen, Steven E. 0000-0001-6917-9369 seingebr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-9369","contributorId":818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"Steven","email":"seingebr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70201369,"text":"sir20185168 - 2019 - Response of vegetation in open and partially wooded fens to prescribed burning at Seney National Wildlife Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-08T12:30:37","indexId":"sir20185168","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T18:01:06","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5168","displayTitle":"Response of Vegetation in Open and Partially Wooded Fens to Prescribed Burning at Seney National Wildlife Refuge","title":"Response of vegetation in open and partially wooded fens to prescribed burning at Seney National Wildlife Refuge","docAbstract":"The health and function of northern peatlands, particularly for fens, are strongly affected by fire and hydrology. Fens are important to several avian species of conservation interest, notably the yellow rail (Coturnicops noveboracensis). Fire suppression and altered hydrology often result in woody encroachment, altering the plant community and structure. Woody encroachment and its effects on biodiversity have become an increasing concern in the conservation and management of plant communities. This study evaluated the effects of spring and summer prescribed burns on the plant community, cover, and structure in open and partially wooded fens at Seney National Wildlife Refuge, Michigan, using a before-after-control-impact design. Paired, 1-hectare blocks were established in two fen areas, C3 and Marsh Creek, and data were collected for 2 years before burning (2006–7) and 3 years after burning (2008–10). We used generalized linear mixed models and ordination to assess differences among four treatments: C3 control, C3 spring burn (May 2008), Marsh Creek control, and Marsh Creek summer burn (July 2008); results from a block burned under drier conditions in July 2007 also are reported. Variables include water depth; litter depth; graminoid height; species richness and diversity; percent cover of plant taxa, mosses, and open area; shrub height, number of patches, and cover; and visual obstruction readings. The 2008 prescribed burns were done under moderate fire conditions, whereas the 2007 summer burn on one block was done under high fire conditions because of prolonged drought. We identified 104 plant taxa over the 5 years and noted differences between C3 and Marsh Creek communities. We examined data for effects of treatment, year, and year × treatment interactions for percent open and the 28 most common taxa. Most differences among treatments were related to natural differences in the plant community and hydrology between the two areas rather than fire effects; year effects were likely related to annual differences in water conditions. We detected few effects of spring burning in C3, even in the same year of burning. In Marsh Creek, most treatment effects were in 2008, when data were collected within 3 weeks of burning. Some fire effects there, however, persisted one to two growing seasons (2009, 2010) and two to three growing seasons in the block burned in the more intense summer 2007 fire. Effects of burning on shrub measures were more apparent on summer-burned blocks, but most measures returned to preburn conditions by 2010. Our results demonstrate the heterogeneity of plant community and environmental conditions of fens within and among years and the interactions of water conditions with burning. The results also demonstrate that neither single spring nor summer burning under moderate fire conditions are effective in setting back woody cover. Maintaining more open conditions in fens may require different approaches to water management, more frequent fires, more aggressive fire management, or a combination of tools to control woody cover.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185168","usgsCitation":"Austin, J.E., and Newton, W.E., 2019, Response of vegetation in open and partially wooded fens to prescribed burning at Seney National Wildlife Refuge: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5168, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185168.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 62 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"74","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-098588","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361081,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5168/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":361083,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P90P8VWJ","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Effects of fire on vegetation in fens at Seney National Wildlife Refuge"},{"id":361082,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5168/sir20185168.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.82 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018–5168"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Seney National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.26121520996094,\n 46.15724277677564\n ],\n [\n -85.92681884765624,\n 46.15724277677564\n ],\n [\n -85.92681884765624,\n 46.34289859337118\n ],\n [\n -86.26121520996094,\n 46.34289859337118\n ],\n [\n -86.26121520996094,\n 46.15724277677564\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street Southeast
Jamestown, ND 58401
Mysis diluviana is a major component of prey fish diets in the Great Lakes, so annual production of M. diluviana is important for understanding and modeling energy flow through Great Lakes food webs. However, only three lake-wide measurements of M. diluviana annual production in Lake Ontario are currently available (1971, 1990, 1995). During 2013, lake-wide coverage of Lake Ontario was achieved during four periods from April to November. Annual mean density and biomass of M. diluviana in 2013 were 99 #/m2 (SE: 8) and 318 mg dw/m2 (SE: 28) – approximately half of values observed in 1990s. M. diluviana comprised 13–30% of offshore zooplankton biomass in each period. Reproduction peaked in fall, with mean brood size of 32 embryos (range: 11–49), at least 10% larger than in 1990s. Generation time was two years from embryo to initial reproduction. Growth rates were 0.052 mm/d for the age-0 cohort and 0.027 mm/d for the age-1 cohort. Age-0 growth rate was significantly higher than in 1980s–90s (0.035 mm/d). Annual production in 2013 was 0.85 g dw/m2/yr (SE: 0.03) which was 30–40% of values observed in 1990 and 1995 (2.23 and 2.53 g/m2/yr). Annual production to biomass ratio (P/B) in 2013 was 2.65 /yr which was 80–85% of values observed in 1990 and 1995 (3.24 and 3.11 /yr), but this difference was not statistically significant. Our results suggest that changes in annual production over time can be estimated using changes in biomass over time and a mean P/B ratio.
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difficult to study, it is challenging to estimate vital rates such as survival and fecundity and common to assume that survival rates are constant across ages and sexes. Population assessments based on overly simplistic vital rates can lead to erroneous conclusions. We estimated sex and length-based annual apparent survival rates for white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). We found evidence that annual apparent survival differed over ontogeny in a system with competitive foraging aggregations, from 0.63 (SE = 0.08) for newly recruiting sub-adults to 0.95 (SE = 0.02) for the largest sharks. Our results reveal a potential challenge to ontogenetic recruitment in a long-lived, highly mobile top marine predator, as survival rates for sub-adult white sharks may be lower than previously assumed. Alternatively, younger and competitively inferior individuals may be forced to permanently emigrate from primary foraging sites. This study provides new methodology for estimating apparent survival as a function of diverse covariates by capture-recapture study including when sex assignment is uncertain.","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2018-0142","collaboration":"None","usgsCitation":"Kanive, P.E., Jay J. 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We studied the impacts of habitat loss and fragmentation on genetic connectivity and diversity among local aggregations of the California gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica) across its U.S. range. With a dataset of 268 individuals genotyped at 19 microsatellite loci, we analyzed genetic structure across the range using clustering analyses, exact tests for population differentiation, and a pedigree analysis to examine the spatial distribution of first-order relatives throughout the study area. In addition, we developed a habitat suitability model and related percent suitable habitat to genetic diversity indices within aggregations at two spatial scales. We detected a single genetic cluster across the range, with weak genetic structure among recently geographically isolated aggregations in the northern part of the range. The pedigree analysis detected closely related individuals across disparate aggregations and across large geographic distances in the majority of the sampled range, demonstrating that recent long-distance dispersal has occurred within this species. Genetic diversity was independent of suitable habitat at a local 5-km scale, but increased in a non-linear fashion with habitat availability at a broader, 30-km scale. Diversity declined steeply when suitable habitat within 30-km fell below 10%. Together, our results suggest that California gnatcatchers retain genetic connectivity across the majority of the current distribution of coastal sage scrub fragments, with the exception of some outlying aggregations. Connectivity may help support long-term persistence under current conservation and management strategies. 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","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-018-37712-2","usgsCitation":"Vandergast, A.G., Kus, B., Preston, K.L., and Barr, K., 2019, Distinguishing recent dispersal from historical genetic connectivity in the coastal California gnatcatcher: Scientific Reports, v. 9, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37712-2.","productDescription":"Article number 1355; 12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-099518","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467924,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37712-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437577,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9SJRU51","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Coastal California Gnatcatcher Habitat Suitability Model for Southern California (2015)"},{"id":437576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F77D2SBP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Genetic Structure of California Gnatcatcher Populations in Southern California from 2012 through 2013"},{"id":361071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.24560546875001,\n 32.565333160841035\n ],\n [\n -116.4715576171875,\n 32.565333160841035\n ],\n [\n -116.4715576171875,\n 34.6060845921693\n ],\n [\n -119.24560546875001,\n 34.6060845921693\n ],\n [\n -119.24560546875001,\n 32.565333160841035\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571 avandergast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":3963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","email":"avandergast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kus, Barbara E. 0000-0002-3679-3044 barbara_kus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-3044","contributorId":3026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kus","given":"Barbara E.","email":"barbara_kus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Preston, Kristine L. 0000-0002-6958-1128 kpreston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6958-1128","contributorId":207765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preston","given":"Kristine","email":"kpreston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barr, Kelly R.","contributorId":212860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barr","given":"Kelly R.","affiliations":[{"id":38694,"text":"former USGS employee; current affiliation UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70195066,"text":"70195066 - 2019 - Products, processes, and implications of Keanakāko‘i volcanism, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-30T15:41:20.407035","indexId":"70195066","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T10:39:16","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Products, processes, and implications of Keanakāko‘i volcanism, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"The Keanakāko‘i Tephra offers an exceptional window into the explosive portion of Kīlauea’s recent past. Once thought to be the products of a single eruption, the deposits instead formed through a wide range of pyroclastic activity during an ~300 yr period following the collapse of the modern caldera in ca. 1500 CE. No single shallow conduit or vent system prevailed during this period, and most of the deposits are confined to distinct sectors around the caldera. Vent position shifted abruptly and repeatedly throughout this time period. This combination of circumstances, influenced by prevailing wind direction, led to rapid lateral changes in the stratigraphy. We define and describe 12 units, several of which are subdivided into subunits or beds, and place them in a framework that reflects volcanologic processes as well as temporal succession.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2018.2538(07)","usgsCitation":"Swanson, D., and Houghton, B.F., 2019, Products, processes, and implications of Keanakāko‘i volcanism, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, chap. of Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson, v. 538, p. 159-190, https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(07).","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"190","ipdsId":"IP-088789","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376899,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.30410766601562,\n 19.3869432241507\n ],\n [\n -155.2313232421875,\n 19.3869432241507\n ],\n [\n -155.2313232421875,\n 19.440046902565864\n ],\n [\n -155.30410766601562,\n 19.440046902565864\n ],\n [\n -155.30410766601562,\n 19.3869432241507\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"538","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Don 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":168817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Don","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houghton, Bruce F. 0000-0002-7532-9770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9770","contributorId":140077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70261214,"text":"70261214 - 2019 - Geochemical evolution of Keanakāko‘i Tephra, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-03T14:26:29.56245","indexId":"70261214","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T09:18:58","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geochemical evolution of Keanakāko‘i Tephra, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"The Keanakāko‘i Tephra was deposited from 1500 to ca. 1820 CE, when Kīlauea’s magmatic output was ~2% of the average output during historical times (post–1823 CE). The tephra consists of deposits from numerous phreatomagmatic and phreatic eruptions, three episodes of high lava fountains, and one lava. Fresh glass is available from most tephra units. Major elements and trace elements were determined for glass from 49 tephra units and three pretephra lavas. Olivine crystals from 11 high-MgO tephra glasses were also analyzed. These results were compared to compositions from Kīlauea’s historical period to evaluate ~500 yr of Kīlauea geochemical evolution. Keanakāko‘i Tephra glass composition ranged widely (e.g., 3.4–11.2 wt% MgO). The observed large variations in FeO, CaO, TiO2, and K2O at a given MgO indicate numerous compositionally distinct parental magmas, with the two early nineteenth-century pumice eruptions showing the most diverse compositions. These two magmas were erupted on opposite sides of the caldera and probably tapped different magma bodies. The common occurrence of high-MgO olivine compositions (forsterite [Fo] 88%–89%) in MgO-rich tephra glasses indicates that primitive magma (Mg# 73–74) was routinely supplied to Kīlauea’s summit. Wide ranges and reverse zoning in olivine core compositions from some units show that magma mixing occurred before some eruptions. Modeling of compositional variations within Keanakāko‘i Tephra units using alphaMELTS showed that the most consistent trends for crystal fractionation involved shallow magma (1–2 km), with low water content (0.2 wt% in parental magma) and oxygen fugacity just below the quartz-fayalite-magnetite (QFM) buffer (–0.5 log units). Keanakāko‘i Tephra glasses have lower La/Yb and Nb/Y ratios than historical Kīlauea lavas. Low ratios have been observed during periods of high magma output for historical lava, which is inconsistent with the low magma output at Kīlauea’s summit during 1500–1820 CE. The most likely explanation for this inconsistency is endogenous growth within Kīlauea during this period, following formation of the modern summit caldera. No correlation was found between glass chemistry and eruption style for Keanakāko‘i Tephra deposits. Glass samples from many explosive units have lower Nb/Y and La/Yb ratios compared to glass from high lava-fountain units and historical effusive eruptions. The explosive character of Keanakāko‘i Tephra eruptions was probably caused by interaction of magma with shallow or surface water.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2018.2538(09)","usgsCitation":"Garcia, M., Mucek, A.E., Lynn, K., Swanson, D., and Norman, M.D., 2019, Geochemical evolution of Keanakāko‘i Tephra, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, chap. of Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson, v. 538, p. 203-225, https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(09).","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"225","ipdsId":"IP-088795","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":464628,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.31531936949776,\n 19.45294073344536\n ],\n [\n -155.31531936949776,\n 19.351253042452157\n ],\n [\n -155.18215845732087,\n 19.351253042452157\n ],\n [\n -155.18215845732087,\n 19.45294073344536\n ],\n [\n -155.31531936949776,\n 19.45294073344536\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"538","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919988,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, Michael O","contributorId":215129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"O","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":919989,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Camp, Victor E.","contributorId":236848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camp","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919990,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grunder, Anita L.","contributorId":194549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grunder","given":"Anita","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":919991,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Garcia, M.O.","contributorId":346802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"M.O.","affiliations":[{"id":48709,"text":"University of Hawai`i","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mucek, Adonara E.","contributorId":346803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mucek","given":"Adonara","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lynn, Kendra J.","contributorId":346804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynn","given":"Kendra J.","affiliations":[{"id":82969,"text":"iversity of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":229682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":919927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Norman, Marc D.","contributorId":344700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norman","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16807,"text":"Australian National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70218277,"text":"70218277 - 2019 - Monitoring landscape dynamics in central U.S. grasslands with harmonized Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 time series data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-24T13:13:25.614595","indexId":"70218277","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T07:08:11","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring landscape dynamics in central U.S. grasslands with harmonized Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 time series data","docAbstract":"Remotely monitoring changes in central U.S. grasslands is challenging because these landscapes tend to respond quickly to disturbances and changes in weather. Such dynamic responses influence nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas contributions, habitat availability for wildlife, and other ecosystem processes and services. Traditionally, coarse-resolution satellite data acquired at daily intervals have been used for monitoring. Recently, the harmonized Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 (HLS) data increased the temporal frequency of the data. Here we investigated if the increased data frequency provided adequate observations to characterize highly dynamic grassland processes. We evaluated HLS data available for 2016 to (1) determine if data from Sentinel-2 contributed to an improvement in characterizing landscape processes over Landsat-8 data alone, and (2) quantify how observation frequency impacted results. Specifically, we investigated into estimating annual vegetation phenology, detecting burn scars from fire, and modeling within-season wetland hydroperiod and growth of aquatic vegetation. We observed increased sensitivity to the start of the growing season (SOST) with the HLS data. Our estimates of the grassland SOST compared well with ground estimates collected at a phenological camera site. We used the Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) algorithm to assess if the HLS data improved our detection of burn scars following grassland fires and found that detection was considerably influenced by the seasonal timing of the fires. The grassland burned in early spring recovered too quickly to be detected as change events by CCDC; instead, the spectral characteristics following these fires were incorporated as part of the ongoing time-series models. In contrast, the spectral effects from late-season fires were detected both by Landsat-8 data and HLS data. For wetland-rich areas, we used a modified version of the CCDC algorithm to track within-season dynamics of water and aquatic vegetation. The addition of Sentinel-2 data provided the potential to build full time series models to better distinguish different wetland types, suggesting that the temporal density of data was sufficient for within-season characterization of wetland dynamics. Although the different data frequency, in both the spatial and temporal dimensions, could cause inconsistent model estimation or sensitivity sometimes; overall, the temporal frequency of the HLS data improved our ability to track within-season grassland dynamics and improved results for areas prone to cloud contamination. The results suggest a greater frequency of observations, such as from harmonizing data across all comparable Landsat and Sentinel sensors, is still needed. For our study areas, at least a 3-day revisit interval during the early growing season (weeks 14–17) is required to provide a >50% probability of obtaining weekly clear observations.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs11030328","usgsCitation":"Zhou, Q., Rover, J., Brown, J.F., Worstell, B.B., Howard, D., Wu, Z., Gallant, A.L., Rundquist, B., and Burke, M., 2019, Monitoring landscape dynamics in central U.S. grasslands with harmonized Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 time series data: Remote Sensing, v. 11, no. 3, 328, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11030328.","productDescription":"328, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104526","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11030328","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.2509765625,\n 47.90161354142077\n ],\n [\n -96.3720703125,\n 47.90161354142077\n ],\n [\n -96.3720703125,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -97.2509765625,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -97.2509765625,\n 47.90161354142077\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhou, Qiang 0000-0002-1282-8177","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1282-8177","contributorId":223103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"Qiang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rover, Jennifer 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