{"pageNumber":"3527","pageRowStart":"88150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184938,"records":[{"id":70020359,"text":"70020359 - 1998 - Bluebell field, Uinta basin: Reservoir characterization for improved well completion and oil recovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-23T16:21:29.1415","indexId":"70020359","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bluebell field, Uinta basin: Reservoir characterization for improved well completion and oil recovery","docAbstract":"<p>Bluebell field is the largest oil-producing area in the Uinta basin of northern Utah. The field includes over 300 wells and has produced 137 MMbbl oil and 177 bcf gas from fractured Paleocene-Eocene lacustrine and fluvial deposits of the Green River and Wasatch (Colton) formations. Oil and gas are produced at depths of 10,500-13,000 ft (3330-3940 m), with the most prolific reservoirs existing in overpressured sandstones of the Colton Formation and the underlying Flagstaff Member of the lower Green River Formation. Despite a number of high-recovery wells (1-3 MMbbl), overall field recovery remains low, less than 10% original oil in place. This low recovery rate is interpreted to be at least partly a result of completion practices. Typically, 40-120 beds are perforated and stimulated with acid (no proppant) over intervals of up to 3000 ft (900 m). Little or no evaluation of individual beds is performed, preventing identification of good-quality reservoir zones, water-producing zones, and thief zones. As a result, detailed understanding of Bluebell reservoirs historically has been poor, inhibiting any improvements in recovery strategies.</p><p>A recent project undertaken in Bluebell field as part of the U.S. Department of Energy's Class 1 (fluvial-deltaic reservoir) Oil Demonstration program has focused considerable effort on reservoir characterization. This effort has involved interdisciplinary analysis of core, log, fracture, geostatistical, production, and other data. Much valuable new information on reservoir character has resulted, with important implications for completion techniques and recovery expectations. Such data should have excellent applicability to other producing areas in the Uinta basin with reservoirs in similar lacustrine and related deposits.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK, United States","doi":"10.1306/1D9BCA07-172D-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Montgomery, S.L., and Morgan, C.D., 1998, Bluebell field, Uinta basin: Reservoir characterization for improved well completion and oil recovery: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 82, no. 6, p. 1113-1132, https://doi.org/10.1306/1D9BCA07-172D-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"20","startPage":"1113","endPage":"1132","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231366,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Uinta basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.08603985326471,\n              40.36413978423349\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.59069381659452,\n              40.5425712699321\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.46514233863451,\n              40.4630584013986\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.87946991658296,\n              40.25231173317758\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.82382423928652,\n              39.99012904379077\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.23375326040457,\n              39.826892648911866\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.68434530158683,\n              39.679826883440796\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.28316730131013,\n              39.73647004676479\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.05140123497583,\n              39.87659760504593\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.89182673582314,\n              40.02603058723378\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.95184927297322,\n              40.20432860368936\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.08603985326471,\n              40.36413978423349\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1ede4b0c8380cd4aedd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Montgomery, Scott L.","contributorId":43513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, C. D.","contributorId":35094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020360,"text":"70020360 - 1998 - Tritium-helium 3 dating under complex conditions in hydraulically stressed areas of a buried-valley aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T10:35:39","indexId":"70020360","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tritium-helium 3 dating under complex conditions in hydraulically stressed areas of a buried-valley aquifer","docAbstract":"<p><span>The&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup><span>H-</span><sup>3</sup><span>He dating method is applied in a buried-valley aquifer near Dayton, Ohio. The study area is large, not all sampling locations lie along well-defined flow paths, and existing wells with variable screen lengths and diameters are used. Reliable use of the method at this site requires addressing several complications: (1) The flow system is disturbed because of high pumping rates and induced infiltration; (2) tritium contamination is present in several areas of the aquifer; and (3) radiogenic helium concentrations are elevated in a significant number of the wells. The<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>H-</span><sup>3</sup><span>He ages are examined for self-consistency by comparing the reconstructed tritium evolution to the annual weighted tritium measured in precipitation; deviations result from dispersion, tritium contamination, and mixing.<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>H-</span><sup>3</sup><span>He ages are next examined for consistency with chlorofluorocarbon ages; the agreement is poor because of degradation of CFCs. Finally, the<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>H-</span><sup>3</sup><span>He ages are examined for consistency with the current understanding of local hydrologic processes; the ages are generally supported by hydrogeologic data and the results of groundwater flow modeling coupled with particle-tracking analyses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/97WR03322","usgsCitation":"Shapiro, S.D., Rowe, G.L., Schlosser, P., Ludin, A., and Stute, M., 1998, Tritium-helium 3 dating under complex conditions in hydraulically stressed areas of a buried-valley aquifer: Water Resources Research, v. 34, no. 5, p. 1165-1180, https://doi.org/10.1029/97WR03322.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1165","endPage":"1180","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487337,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/97wr03322","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","city":"Dayton","volume":"34","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb874e4b08c986b32787e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shapiro, Stephanie Dunkle","contributorId":82738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"Dunkle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rowe, Gary L. glrowe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Gary","email":"glrowe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":385952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schlosser, Peter","contributorId":50936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlosser","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ludin, Andrea","contributorId":93232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludin","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stute, Martin","contributorId":131127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stute","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7254,"text":"Columbia University - Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":385953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020302,"text":"70020302 - 1998 - Integrating across scales: Effectively applying science for the successful conservation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:16","indexId":"70020302","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Integrating across scales: Effectively applying science for the successful conservation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","docAbstract":"Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is an excellent species on which to focus synthetic, integrative investigations because it is an economically important species that captures the public imagination, is heavily impacted by humans, uses several ecosystems over its life, and is the subject of a large body of extant literature. The following 24 papers were solicited to provide the biological basis for effective and innovative approaches that biologists, managers, and social scientists can use to develop policies that sustain Atlantic salmon and related species. Together these papers highlight the need for and benefits of (a) synthesizing within populations, (b) choosing the appropriate scale, (c) comparing across populations using rigorous, focused, question-oriented methods, (d) integrating across disciplines, (e) incorporating the human perspective, (f) linking multiple ecosystems, and (g) applied problem solving. To show how Atlantic salmon can guide research and conservation efforts for other species in other systems, we review the justification for the supplement and summarize the defining concepts that emerge from the volume.","largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","language":"English","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Mather, M.E., Parrish, D., Folt, C., and DeGraaf, R., 1998, Integrating across scales: Effectively applying science for the successful conservation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), <i>in</i> Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 55, no. SUPPL.1, p. 1-8.","startPage":"1","endPage":"8","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"SUPPL.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c76e4b0c8380cd62d5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mather, M. E.","contributorId":71708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parrish, D.L.","contributorId":15144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Folt, C.L.","contributorId":34671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folt","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeGraaf, R.M.","contributorId":75116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGraaf","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020301,"text":"70020301 - 1998 - Soil carbon stocks and their rates of accumulation and loss in a boreal forest landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-17T17:49:49.821279","indexId":"70020301","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil carbon stocks and their rates of accumulation and loss in a boreal forest landscape","docAbstract":"<p><span>Boreal forests and wetlands are thought to be significant carbon sinks, and they could become net C sources as the Earth warms. Most of the C of boreal forest ecosystems is stored in the moss layer and in the soil. The objective of this study was to estimate soil C stocks (including moss layers) and rates of accumulation and loss for a 733 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;area of the BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study site in northern Manitoba, using data from smaller-scale intensive field studies. A simple process-based model developed from measurements of soil C inventories and radiocarbon was used to relate soil C storage and dynamics to soil drainage and forest stand age. Soil C stocks covary with soil drainage class, with the largest C stocks occurring in poorly drained sites. Estimated rates of soil C accumulation or loss are sensitive to the estimated decomposition constants for the large pool of deep soil C, and improved understanding of deep soil C decomposition is needed. While the upper moss layers regrow and accumulate C after fires, the deep C dynamics vary across the landscape, from a small net sink to a significant source. Estimated net soil C accumulation, averaged for the entire 733 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;area, was 20 g C m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;(28 g C m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;accumulation in surface mosses offset by 8 g C m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;lost from deep C pools) in a year with no fire. Most of the C accumulated in poorly and very poorly drained soils (peatlands and wetlands). Burning of the moss layer in only 1% of uplands would offset the C stored in the remaining 99% of the area. Significant interannual variability in C storage is expected because of the irregular occurrence of fire in space and time. The effects of climate change and management on fire frequency and on decomposition of immense deep soil C stocks are key to understanding future C budgets in boreal forests.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98GB02336","usgsCitation":"Rapalee, G., Trumbore, S., Davidson, E., Harden, J.W., and Veldhuis, H., 1998, Soil carbon stocks and their rates of accumulation and loss in a boreal forest landscape: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 12, no. 4, p. 687-701, https://doi.org/10.1029/98GB02336.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"687","endPage":"701","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479810,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vs3f7vr","text":"External Repository"},{"id":231089,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b91f1e4b08c986b319bcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rapalee, G.","contributorId":35904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rapalee","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trumbore, S.E.","contributorId":57879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trumbore","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davidson, E.A.","contributorId":26843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Veldhuis, H.","contributorId":64410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veldhuis","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020297,"text":"70020297 - 1998 - Effects of climatic variation on field metabolism and water relations of desert tortoises","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:17","indexId":"70020297","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of climatic variation on field metabolism and water relations of desert tortoises","docAbstract":"We used the doubly labeled water method to measure the field metabolic rates (FMRs, in kJ kg-1 day-1) and water flux rates (WIRs, in ml H2O kg-1 day-1) of adult desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) in three parts of the Mojave Desert in California over a 3.5-year period, in order to develop insights into the physiological responses of this threatened species to climate variation among sites and years. FMR, WIR, and the water economy index (WEI, in ml H2O kJ-1, an indicator of drinking of free water) differed extensively among seasons, among study sites, between sexes, and among years. In high-rainfall years, males had higher FMRs than females. Average daily rates of energy and water use by desert tortoises were extraordinarily variable: 28-fold differences in FMR and 237-fold differences in WIR were measured. Some of this variation was due to seasonal conditions, with rates being low during cold winter months and higher in the warm seasons. However, much of the variation was due to responses to year-to-year variation in rainfall. Annual spring peaks in FMR and WIR were higher in wet years than in drought years. Site differences in seasonal patterns were apparently due to geographic differences in rainfall patterns (more summer rain at eastern Mojave sites). In spring 1992, during an El Nino (ENSO) event, the WEI was greater than the maximal value obtainable from consuming succulent vegetation, indicating copious drinking of rainwater at that time. The physiological and behavioral flexibility of desert tortoises, evident in individuals living at all three study sites, appears central to their ability to survive droughts and benefit from periods of resource abundance. The strong effects of the El Nino (ENSO) weather pattern on tortoise physiology, reproduction, and survival elucidated in this and other studies suggest that local manifestations of global climate events could have a long-term influence on the tortoise populations in the Mojave Desert.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s004420050669","issn":"00298549","usgsCitation":"Henen, B., Peterson, C., Wallis, I., Berry, K., and Nagy, K., 1998, Effects of climatic variation on field metabolism and water relations of desert tortoises: Oecologia, v. 117, no. 3, p. 365-373, https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420050669.","startPage":"365","endPage":"373","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206872,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050669"},{"id":231049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06b2e4b0c8380cd51397","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henen, B.T.","contributorId":67457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henen","given":"B.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, C.C.","contributorId":24725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wallis, I.R.","contributorId":80612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallis","given":"I.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berry, K.H.","contributorId":17934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nagy, K.A.","contributorId":39727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagy","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020296,"text":"70020296 - 1998 - Spatial and temporal study of nitrate concentration in groundwater by means of coregionalization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:44","indexId":"70020296","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal study of nitrate concentration in groundwater by means of coregionalization","docAbstract":"Spatial and temporal behavior of hydrochemical parameters in groundwater can be studied using tools provided by geostatistics. The cross-variogram can be used to measure the spatial increments between observations at two given times as a function of distance (spatial structure). Taking into account the existence of such a spatial structure, two different data sets (sampled at two different times), representing concentrations of the same hydrochemical parameter, can be analyzed by cokriging in order to reduce the uncertainty of the estimation. In particular, if one of the two data sets is a subset of the other (that is, an undersampled set), cokriging allows us to study the spatial distribution of the hydrochemical parameter at that time, while also considering the statistical characteristics of the full data set established at a different time. This paper presents an application of cokriging by using temporal subsets to study the spatial distribution of nitrate concentration in the aquifer of the Lucca Plain, central Italy. Three data sets of nitrate concentration in groundwater were collected during three different periods in 1991. The first set was from 47 wells, but the second and the third are undersampled and represent 28 and 27 wells, respectively. Comparing the result of cokriging with ordinary kriging showed an improvement of the uncertainty in terms of reducing the estimation variance. The application of cokriging to the undersampled data sets reduced the uncertainty in estimating nitrate concentration and at the same time decreased the cost of the field sampling and laboratory analysis.Spatial and temporal behavior of hydrochemical parameters in groundwater can be studied using tools provided by geostatistics. The cross-variogram can be used to measure the spatial increments between observations at two given times as a function of distance (spatial structure). Taking into account the existence of such a spatial structure, two different data sets (sampled at two different times), representing concentrations of the same hydrochemical parameter, can be analyzed by cokriging in order to reduce the uncertainty of the estimation. In particular, if one of the two data sets is a subset of the other (that is, an undersampled set), cokriging allows us to study the spatial distribution of the hydrochemical parameter at that time, while also considering the statistical characteristics of the full data set established at a different time. This paper presents an application of cokriging by using temporal subsets to study the spatial distribution of nitrate concentration in the aquifer of the Lucca Plain, central Italy. Three data sets of nitrate concentration in groundwater were collected during three different periods in 1991. The first set was from 47 wells, but the second and the third are undersampled and represent 28 and 27 wells, respectively. Comparing the result of cokriging with ordinary kriging showed an improvement of the uncertainty in terms of reducing the estimation variance. The application of cokriging to the undersampled data sets reduced the uncertainty in estimating nitrate concentration and at the same time decreased the cost of the field sampling and laboratory analysis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag GmbH & Company KG","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1007/s002540050344","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"D’Agostino, V., Greene, E., Passarella, G., and Vurro, M., 1998, Spatial and temporal study of nitrate concentration in groundwater by means of coregionalization: Environmental Geology, v. 36, no. 3-4, p. 285-295, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540050344.","startPage":"285","endPage":"295","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206864,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050344"},{"id":231013,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9449e4b08c986b31a9a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Agostino, V.","contributorId":51053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Agostino","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greene, E.A.","contributorId":75575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Passarella, G.","contributorId":88524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passarella","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vurro, M.","contributorId":77323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vurro","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020292,"text":"70020292 - 1998 - Range expansion by wild hogs across the central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:44","indexId":"70020292","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Range expansion by wild hogs across the central United States","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00917648","usgsCitation":"Gipson, P.S., Hlavachick, B., and Berger, T., 1998, Range expansion by wild hogs across the central United States: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 26, no. 2, p. 279-286.","startPage":"279","endPage":"286","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a949fe4b0c8380cd81500","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gipson, P. S.","contributorId":70136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gipson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hlavachick, B.","contributorId":44697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hlavachick","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berger, T.","contributorId":72556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020291,"text":"70020291 - 1998 - Radar attenuation tomography using the centroid frequency downshift method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-15T09:56:30","indexId":"70020291","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2165,"text":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radar attenuation tomography using the centroid frequency downshift method","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id10\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id11\"><p>A method for tomographically estimating electromagnetic (EM) wave attenuation based on analysis of centroid frequency downshift (CFDS) of impulse radar signals is described and applied to cross-hole radar data. The method is based on a constant-<i>Q</i><span>&nbsp;</span>model, which assumes a linear frequency dependence of attenuation for EM wave propagation above the transition frequency. The method uses the CFDS to construct the projection function. In comparison with other methods for estimating attenuation, the CFDS method is relatively insensitive to the effects of geometric spreading, instrument response, and antenna coupling and radiation pattern, but requires the data to be broadband so that the frequency shift and variance can be easily measured. The method is well-suited for difference tomography experiments using electrically conductive tracers. The CFDS method was tested using cross-hole radar data collected at the U.S. Geological Survey Fractured Rock Research Site at Mirror Lake, New Hampshire (NH) during a saline-tracer injection experiment. The attenuation-difference tomogram created with the CFDS method outlines the spatial distribution of saline tracer within the tomography plane.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0926-9851(98)00024-X","issn":"09269851","usgsCitation":"Liu, L., Lane, J.W., and Quan, Y., 1998, Radar attenuation tomography using the centroid frequency downshift method: Journal of Applied Geophysics, v. 40, no. 1-3, p. 105-116, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-9851(98)00024-X.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"116","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9380e4b0c8380cd80e65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, L.","contributorId":18481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane, J. W.","contributorId":31431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quan, Y.","contributorId":81660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quan","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020289,"text":"70020289 - 1998 - Relationships between Boron concentrations and trout in the firehole river, Wyoming: Historical information and preliminary results of a field study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:44","indexId":"70020289","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Relationships between Boron concentrations and trout in the firehole river, Wyoming: Historical information and preliminary results of a field study","docAbstract":"The Firehole River (FHR) in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) is a world- renowned recreational fishery that predominantly includes rainbow trout (RBT, Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (BNT, Salmo trutta). The trout populations apparently are closed to immigration and have been self- sustaining since 1955. Inputs from hot springs and geysers increase the temperature and mineral content of the water, including elevating the boron (B) concentrations to a maximum of ~1 mg B/L. Both RBT and BNT reside in warm-water reaches, except when the water is extremely warm (???~25??C) during midsummer. They spawn in late fall and early winter, with documented spawning of BNT in the cold-water reach upstream from the Upper Geyser Basin and of RBT in the Lower Geyser Basin reach, where water temperatures presumably are the warmest; however, successful recruitment of RBT in waters containing ~1 mg B/L has not been demonstrated conclusively. Thus, we began investigating the relationships among temperature, B concentrations, other water-quality parameters, and the distribution and reproduction of trout in the FHR in spring 1997. However, atypical high water flows and concomitant lower than historical temperatures and B concentrations during summer 1997 preclude conclusions about avoidance of high B concentrations.","largerWorkTitle":"Biological Trace Element Research","language":"English","issn":"01634984","usgsCitation":"Meyer, J., Boelter, A., Woodward, D.F., Goldstein, J., Farag, A., and Hubert, W., 1998, Relationships between Boron concentrations and trout in the firehole river, Wyoming: Historical information and preliminary results of a field study, <i>in</i> Biological Trace Element Research, v. 66, no. 1-3, p. 167-184.","startPage":"167","endPage":"184","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a78fe4b0e8fec6cdc4e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, J.S.","contributorId":85741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boelter, A.M.","contributorId":107874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boelter","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodward, D. F.","contributorId":85645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldstein, J.N.","contributorId":105454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farag, A.M.","contributorId":106273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farag","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hubert, W.A.","contributorId":12822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70020286,"text":"70020286 - 1998 - Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals: Report of the Subcommittee on Zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:19","indexId":"70020286","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1593,"text":"European Journal of Mineralogy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals: Report of the Subcommittee on Zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names","docAbstract":"This report embodies recommendations on zeolite nomenclature approved by the International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. In a working definition of a zeolite mineral used for this review, structures containing an interrupted containing an interrupted framework of tetrahedra are accepted where other zeolitic properties prevail, and complete substitution by elements other than Si and Al is alloowed. Separate species are recognized in topologically distinctive compositional series in which different extra-framework cations are the most abundant in atomic proportions. To name these, the appropriate chemical symbol is attached by a hyphen to the series name as a suffix, except for the names harmotome, pollucite and wairakite in the phillipsite and analcime series. Differences in space-group symmetry and in order-disorder relationships in zeolites having the same topologically distinctive framework do not in general provide adequate grounds for recognition of separate species. Zeolite species are not to be distinguished solely in Si:Al ratio except for heulandite (Si:Al < 4.0) and clinoptilolite (Si:Al ??? 4.0). Dehydration, partial hydration and over-hydration are not sufficient grounds for the recognition of separate species of zeolites. Use of the term 'ideal formula' should be avoided in referring to a simplified or averaged formula of zeolite. Newly recognized species in compositional series are as follows: brewsterite-Sr, -Ba; chabazite-Ca, -Na, -K; clinoptilolite-K, -Na, -Ca; dechiardite-Ca, -Na; erionite-Na, -K, -Ca,; faujasite-Na, -Ca, -Mg; ferrierite-Mg, -K, -Na; gmelinite-Na, -Ca, -K; heulandite-Ca, -Na, -K, -Sr; levyne-Ca, -Na; paulingite-K, -Ca; phillipsite-Na, -Ca, -K stilbite-Ca, -Na. Key references, type locality, origin of name, chemical data, IZA structure-type symbols, space-group symmetry, unit-cell dimensions, and comments on structure are listed for 13 compositional series, 82 accepted zeolite mineral species, and three of doubtful status. Herschelite, leonhardite, svetlozarite and wellsite are discredited as mineral species names. Obsolete and discredited names are listed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"European Journal of Mineralogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"09351221","usgsCitation":"Coombs, D., Alberti, A., Armbruster, T., Artioli, G., Colella, C., Galli, E., Grice, J.D., Liebau, F., Mandarino, J., Minato, H., Nickel, E., Passaglia, E., Peacor, D., Quartieri, S., Rinaldi, R., Ross, M., Sheppard, R., Tillmanns, E., and Vezzalini, G., 1998, Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals: Report of the Subcommittee on Zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names: European Journal of Mineralogy, v. 10, no. 5, p. 1037-1081.","startPage":"1037","endPage":"1081","numberOfPages":"45","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231437,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9694e4b0c8380cd8209a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coombs, D.S.","contributorId":77700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alberti, A.","contributorId":84109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alberti","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Armbruster, T.","contributorId":47941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbruster","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Artioli, G.","contributorId":6220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artioli","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Colella, C.","contributorId":97673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colella","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Galli, E.","contributorId":95230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galli","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Grice, Joel D.","contributorId":102210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grice","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Liebau, F.","contributorId":98498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liebau","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mandarino, J.A.","contributorId":58805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandarino","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Minato, H.","contributorId":10580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minato","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nickel, E.H.","contributorId":58421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nickel","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Passaglia, E.","contributorId":7451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passaglia","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Peacor, D.R.","contributorId":55970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacor","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Quartieri, S.","contributorId":47118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quartieri","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Rinaldi, R.","contributorId":23713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinaldi","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Ross, M.","contributorId":8026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Sheppard, R.A.","contributorId":22361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheppard","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Tillmanns, E.","contributorId":56830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillmanns","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Vezzalini, G.","contributorId":38324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vezzalini","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}}
,{"id":70020251,"text":"70020251 - 1998 - Tracing solute mobility at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia, USA: Variations in Na+, Cl-, and H4SiO4 concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:44","indexId":"70020251","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracing solute mobility at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia, USA: Variations in Na+, Cl-, and H4SiO4 concentrations","docAbstract":"Concentration variations of sodium (N+). chloride (Cl-). and dissolved silica (H4SiO4) in rainfall, throughfall, soil water, groundwater and streamwater were evaluated at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed near Atlanta, Georgia, to determine how variations in concentrations of these solutes provide greater understanding of water quality evolution at the hillslope and catchment scales Stormwater moves rapidly to depth along preferred pathways in a deciduous forest hillslope, but the composition of the mobile unsaturated zone water in the hillslope is not reflected in compositional variations of streamwater during rainstorms. The Na+, Cl-, and H4SiO4 concentrations behave similarly in streamwater, decreasing with increasing discharge and increasing with water residence time. Consequently, the lowest flows are associated with the highest concentrations and the oldest water. Streamwater composition is most similar to groundwater and stormflow variations reflect a dilution of groundwater. Subtle differences in the relations among solute concentrations and discharge reflect different sources, especially for Cl-. For example, the residence time of groundwater, as inferred from landscape position, generally is positively related to Na+ and H4SiO4 concentrations, but not to Cl- concentrations. The Na+ and H4SiO4 are derived from mineral weathering and are continuously supplied along hydrological pathways. In contrast, Cl- is derived from atmospheric deposition and is affected only by evapotranspiration (ET) and transport. ET increases Cl- concentrations in matrix soil waters, which are subsequently transported to the saturated zone where Cl- is effectively isolated from further evaporative concentration.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Peters, N., Ratcliffe, E., and Tranter, M., 1998, Tracing solute mobility at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia, USA: Variations in Na+, Cl-, and H4SiO4 concentrations: IAHS-AISH Publication, v. 248, p. 483-490.","startPage":"483","endPage":"490","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"248","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb695e4b08c986b326d63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, N.E.","contributorId":33332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ratcliffe, E.B.","contributorId":33857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tranter, M.","contributorId":22525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tranter","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020246,"text":"70020246 - 1998 - Fluid-rock reactions in an evaporitic melange, Permian Haselgebirge, Austrian Alps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-31T10:38:25","indexId":"70020246","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3369,"text":"Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fluid-rock reactions in an evaporitic melange, Permian Haselgebirge, Austrian Alps","docAbstract":"Tectonically isolated blocks of carbonate rocks present within the anhydritic Haselgebirge melange of the Northern Calcareous Alps record a complex history of deformation and associated deep-burial diagenetic to very low-grade metamorphic reactions. Fluids were hot (up to ~ 250 ??C) and reducing brines charged with carbon dioxide. Individual carbonate outcrops within the melange record different regimes of brine-rock reactions, ranging from pervasive dolomite recrystallization to dedolomitization. Early diagenetic features in these carbonates were almost entirely obliterated. Matrix dolomite alteration was related to thermochemical sulphate reduction (TSR) recognized by the replacement of anhydrite by calcite + pyrite ?? native sulphur. Pyrite associated with TSR is coarsely crystalline and characterized by a small sulphur isotope fractionation relative to the precursor Permian anhydrite. Carbonates associated with TSR show low Fe/Mn ratios reflecting rapid reaction of ferrous iron during sulphide precipitation. As a result, TSR-related dolomite and calcite typically show bright Mn(II)-activated cathodoluminescence in contrast to the dull cathodoluminescence of many (ferroan) carbonate cements in other deep-burial settings. In addition to carbonates and sulphides, silicates formed closely related to TSR, including quartz, K-feldspar, albite and K-mica. 40Ar/39Ar analysis of authigenic K-feldspar yielded mostly disturbed step-heating spectra which suggest variable cooling through the argon retention interval for microcline during the Late Jurassic. This timing coincides with the recently recognized subduction and closure of the Meliata-Hallstatt ocean to the south of the Northern Calcareous Alps and strongly suggests that the observed deep-burial fluid-rock reactions were related to Jurassic deformation and melange formation of these Permian evaporites.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-3091.1998.00188.x","issn":"00370746","usgsCitation":"Spotl, C., Longstaffe, F., Ramseyer, K., Kunk, M.J., and Wiesheu, R., 1998, Fluid-rock reactions in an evaporitic melange, Permian Haselgebirge, Austrian Alps: Sedimentology, v. 45, no. 6, p. 1019-1044, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.1998.00188.x.","startPage":"1019","endPage":"1044","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":498894,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.1998.00188.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206992,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.1998.00188.x"}],"volume":"45","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-04-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a127ce4b0c8380cd5431b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spotl, C.","contributorId":11342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spotl","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longstaffe, F.J.","contributorId":33069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longstaffe","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramseyer, K.","contributorId":49561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramseyer","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kunk, Michael J. 0000-0003-4424-7825 mkunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4424-7825","contributorId":200968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunk","given":"Michael","email":"mkunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiesheu, R.","contributorId":17796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiesheu","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70185694,"text":"70185694 - 1998 - Selecting remediation goals by assessing the natural attenuation capacity of groundwater systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T16:14:38","indexId":"70185694","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1042,"text":"Bioremediation Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selecting remediation goals by assessing the natural attenuation capacity of groundwater systems","docAbstract":"<p><span>Remediation goals for the source areas of a chlorinated ethene‐contaminated groundwater plume were identified by assessing the natural attenuation capacity of the aquifer system. The redox chemistry of the site indicates that sulfate‐reducing (H</span><sub>2</sub><span> ∼ 2 nanomoles [nM]) per liter conditions near the contaminant source grade to Fe(III)‐reducing conditions (H</span><sub>2</sub><span> ∼ 0.5 nM) downgradient of the source. Sulfate‐reducing conditions facilitate the initial reduction of perchloroethene (PCE) to trichloroethene (TCE), </span><i>cis</i><span>‐dichloroethene (</span><i>cis</i><span>‐DCE), and vinyl chloride (VC). Subsequently, the Fe(III)‐reducing conditions drive the oxidation of </span><i>cis</i><span>‐DCE and VC to carbon dioxide and chloride. This sequence gives the aquifer a substantial capacity for biodegrading chlorinated ethenes. Natural attenuation capacity (the slope of the steady‐state contaminant concentration profile along a groundwater flowpath) is a function of biodegradation rates, aquifer dispersive characteristics, and groundwater flow velocity. The natural attenuation capacity at the Kings Bay, Georgia site was assessed by estimating groundwater flowrates (∼0.23 ± 0.12 m/d) and aquifer dispersivity (∼1 m) from hydrologic and scale considerations. Apparent biodegradation rate constants (PCE and TCE ∼ 0.01 d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>; </span><i>cis</i><span>‐DCE and VC ∼ 0.025 d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) were estimated from observed contaminant concentration changes along aquifer flowpaths. A boundary‐value problem approach was used to estimate levels to which contaminant concentrations in the source areas must be lowered (by engineered removal), or groundwater flow velocities lowered (by pumping) for the natural attenuation capacity to achieve maximum concentration limits (MCLs) prior to reaching a predetermined regulatory point of compliance.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10889869809380381","usgsCitation":"Chapelle, F.H., and Bradley, P.M., 1998, Selecting remediation goals by assessing the natural attenuation capacity of groundwater systems: Bioremediation Journal, v. 2, no. 3-4, p. 227-238, https://doi.org/10.1080/10889869809380381.","productDescription":"12 p. ","startPage":"227","endPage":"238","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58da253be4b0543bf7fda86f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020245,"text":"70020245 - 1998 - Numerical modelling of vertically extensive groundwater bodies in Maui, Hawaii: An alternative to perched aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:18","indexId":"70020245","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical modelling of vertically extensive groundwater bodies in Maui, Hawaii: An alternative to perched aquifers","docAbstract":"Groundwater in East Maui, Hawaii is traditionally described as a series of discrete aquifers perched on low-permeability units underlain by a basal lens with heads of about 2-3 m. An alternative concept, a fully saturated aquifer to as much as 1400 m elevation, was investigated using a numerical model with various horizontal hydraulic conductivity values and anisotropy ratios. Results indicate that horizontal hydraulic conductivity values between about 0.08 and 1.0 m per day and anisotropy ratios between 1:1 and 100:1 will produce simulated water tables that match observed water tables at 400-1400 m elevation. These values of hydraulic conductivity are consistent with available field data for hydraulic conductivity.Groundwater in East Maui, Hawaii is traditionally described as a series of discrete aquifers perched on low-permeability units underlain by a basal lens with heads of about 2-3 m. An alternative concept, a fully saturated aquifer to as much as 1400 m elevation, was investigated using a numerical model with various horizontal hydraulic conductivity values and anisotropy ratios. Results indicate that horizontal hydraulic conductivity values between about 0.08 and 1.0 m per day and anisotropy ratios between 1:1 and 100:1 will produce simulated water tables that match observed water tables at 400-1400 m elevation. These values of hydraulic conductivity are consistent with available field data for hydraulic conductivity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"IAHS","publisherLocation":"Wallingford, United Kingdom","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Gingerich, S.B., 1998, Numerical modelling of vertically extensive groundwater bodies in Maui, Hawaii: An alternative to perched aquifers: IAHS-AISH Publication, no. 253, p. 167-174.","startPage":"167","endPage":"174","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"253","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6900e4b0c8380cd73af4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gingerich, S. B.","contributorId":83958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gingerich","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020244,"text":"70020244 - 1998 - Frequency of effective wave activity and the recession of coastal bluffs: Calvert Cliffs, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:18","indexId":"70020244","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Frequency of effective wave activity and the recession of coastal bluffs: Calvert Cliffs, Maryland","docAbstract":"The Calvert Cliffs, Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, USA, erode by direct wave undercutting or by freeze/thaw erosion accompanied by wave removal of slope debris. Directly undercut slopes recede more rapidly, with long-term rates exceeding 1.0 m/yr; freeze/thaw slopes recede at rates approaching 0.5 m/yr. The frequency of wave height and water level at the shoreline is estimated for eleven sites based on a 37-year wind record, estimates of storm surge, offshore wave geometry, nearshore wave transformation, and breaking wave type. Locations experiencing the largest slope recession are not uniformly those with the largest cumulative wave energy; the resistance to erosion of the slope toe must also be accounted for. An index of relative wave strength is defined as the ratio of wave pressure T and the cohesive strength S of the slope material. For the Calvert Cliffs, a minimum relative wave strength for initiating erosion of intact material is 0.05 < T/S < 0.1. A cumulative duration of ???50 hours per year for T/S ??? 0.1 distinguishes undercut and nonundercut slopes and recession rates greater or lesser than 0.5 m/yr. The relative wave strength index may be used to identify sites at risk of increased erosion. At one site with a small historical erosion rate, the loss of a protective beach and associated decrease in toe elevation caused a positive shift in the frequency of large T/S. Direct wave undercutting and increased slope recession may be anticipated at this site, as indicated by the development of an undercut notch during the course of the study.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Wilcock, P., Miller, D.S., Shea, R., and Kerkin, R., 1998, Frequency of effective wave activity and the recession of coastal bluffs: Calvert Cliffs, Maryland: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 14, no. 1, p. 256-268.","startPage":"256","endPage":"268","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13d1e4b0c8380cd547b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilcock, P.R.","contributorId":36709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcock","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, D. S.","contributorId":64260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shea, R.H.","contributorId":34683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shea","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kerkin, R.T.","contributorId":51055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerkin","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70180709,"text":"70180709 - 1998 - Certainty of paternity and paternal investment in eastern bluebirds and tree swallows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T14:52:57","indexId":"70180709","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":770,"text":"Animal Behaviour","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Certainty of paternity and paternal investment in eastern bluebirds and tree swallows","docAbstract":"<p><span>Extra-pair paternity is common in many socially monogamous passerine birds with biparental care. Thus, males often invest in offspring to which they are not related. Models of optimal parental investment predict that, under certain assumptions, males should lower their investment in response to reduced certainty of paternity. We attempted to reduce certainty of paternity experimentally in two species, the eastern bluebird, <i>S</i></span><i>ialia sialis</i><span>, and the tree swallow,&nbsp;</span><i>Tachycineta bicolor</i><span>, by temporarily removing fertile females on two mornings during egg laying. In both species, experimental males usually attempted to copulate with the female immediately after her reappearance, suggesting that they experienced the absence of their mate as a threat to their paternity. Experimental males copulated at a significantly higher rate than control males. However, contrary to the prediction of the model, experimental males did not invest less than control males in their offspring. There was no difference between experimental and control nests in the proportion of male feeds, male and female feeding rates, nestling growth and nestling condition and size at age 14 days. We argue that females might have restored the males’ confidence in paternity after the experiment by soliciting or accepting copulations. Alternatively, males may not reduce their effort, because the fitness costs to their own offspring may outweigh the benefits for the males, at least in populations where females cannot fully compensate for reduced male investment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/anbe.1997.0667","usgsCitation":"Kempenaers, B., Lanctot, R.B., and Robertson, R.J., 1998, Certainty of paternity and paternal investment in eastern bluebirds and tree swallows: Animal Behaviour, v. 55, no. 4, p. 845-860, https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1997.0667.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"845","endPage":"860","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334504,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5891b0b8e4b072a7ac129932","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kempenaers, Bart","contributorId":54943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kempenaers","given":"Bart","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13130,"text":"Konrad Lorenz Institute for Ethology, Austrian Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":662119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":31894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":135,"text":"Biological Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":17786,"text":"Carleton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":662120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robertson, Raleigh J.","contributorId":179015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robertson","given":"Raleigh","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":662121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020216,"text":"70020216 - 1998 - Gas hydrate formation in the deep sea: In situ experiments with controlled release of methane, natural gas, and carbon dioxide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-16T01:02:25.412324","indexId":"70020216","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1513,"text":"Energy and Fuels","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas hydrate formation in the deep sea: In situ experiments with controlled release of methane, natural gas, and carbon dioxide","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstractBox\" class=\"article_abstract-content hlFld-Abstract\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">We have utilized a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to initiate a program of research into gas hydrate formation in the deep sea by controlled release of hydrocarbon gases and liquid CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>into natural sea water and marine sediments. Our objectives were to investigate the formation rates and growth patterns of gas hydrates in natural systems and to assess the geochemical stability of the reaction products over time. The novel experimental procedures used the carrying capacity, imaging capability, and control mechanisms of the ROV to transport gas cylinders to depth and to open valves selectively under desired<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P</i>−<i>T</i><span>&nbsp;</span>conditions to release the gas either into contained natural sea water or into sediments. In experiments in Monterey Bay, California, at 910 m depth and 3.9 °C water temperature we find hydrate formation to be nearly instantaneous for a variety of gases. In sediments the pattern of hydrate formation is dependent on the pore size, with flooding of the pore spaces in a coarse sand yielding a hydrate cemented mass, and gas channeling in a fine-grained mud creating a veined hydrate structure. In experiments with liquid CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>the released globules appeared to form a hydrate skin as they slowly rose in the apparatus. An initial attempt to leave the experimental material on the sea floor for an extended period was partially successful; we observed an apparent complete dissolution of the liquid CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>mass, and an apparent consolidation of the CH<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>hydrate, over a period of about 85 days.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/ef970172q","issn":"08870624","usgsCitation":"Brewer, P., Orr, F.M., Friederich, G., Kvenvolden, K., and Orange, D., 1998, Gas hydrate formation in the deep sea: In situ experiments with controlled release of methane, natural gas, and carbon dioxide: Energy and Fuels, v. 12, no. 1, p. 183-188, https://doi.org/10.1021/ef970172q.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"188","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231124,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14cee4b0c8380cd54b90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brewer, P.G.","contributorId":16080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orr, F. M. Jr.","contributorId":107047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Friederich, G.","contributorId":11345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friederich","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kvenvolden, K.A.","contributorId":80674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Orange, D.L.","contributorId":31814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orange","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020215,"text":"70020215 - 1998 - Routes and travel rates of migrating Peregrine Falcons Falco peregrinus and Swainson's Hawks Buteo swainsoni in the Western Hemisphere","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-16T21:00:02.657517","indexId":"70020215","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Routes and travel rates of migrating Peregrine Falcons <i>Falco peregrinus</i> and Swainson's Hawks <i>Buteo swainsoni</i> in the Western Hemisphere","title":"Routes and travel rates of migrating Peregrine Falcons Falco peregrinus and Swainson's Hawks Buteo swainsoni in the Western Hemisphere","docAbstract":"<p>We describe and compare the migration routes, length of migration, and duration of migration of Peregrine Falcons <i>Falco peregrinus tundrius</i> and Swainson's Hawks <i>Buteo swainsoni</i> in the Western Hemisphere. We radio tracked migrants using the Argos satellite system. Our initial samples were 34 Swainson's Hawks from representative areas of their breeding range, and 61 Peregrine Falcons captured at nest sites across the North American boreal forest and low Arctic or on the migration routes along the mid-Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts. The average distance of migration for Peregrines was 8,624 km southward, and 8,247 km northward. Peregrines travelled at an average rate of 172 km/d southward and 198 km/d going north. Peregrine Falcons used at least three broad, general routes south from the breeding areas, and individuals stopped migrating as far north as the U.S.A. mid-Atlantic coast and as far south as central Argentina. The radiomarked Peregrine Falcons used coastal routes, mid-continental routes, and water-crossing routes: the Davis Strait and Caribbean Sea. During northward migration, Peregrines migrating through at Padre Island, Texas diverged for destinations from central Alaska across the continent to central West Greenland. Swainson's Hawks migrated an average of about 13,504 km southward and 11,952 km northward, and travelled 188 km/d southward and 150 km/d northward. Swainson's Hawks converged in eastern Mexico on the Gulf of Mexico coast. Southward, these hawks followed a narrow, well-defined path through Central America, across the Andes Mountains in Columbia, and east of the Andes to central Argentina where they all spent the austral summer. Swainson's Hawks northward migration largely retraced their southward route.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3677162","usgsCitation":"Fuller, M.R., Seegar, W.S., and Schueck, L., 1998, Routes and travel rates of migrating Peregrine Falcons Falco peregrinus and Swainson's Hawks Buteo swainsoni in the Western Hemisphere: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 29, no. 4, p. 433-440, https://doi.org/10.2307/3677162.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"433","endPage":"440","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaea8e4b0c8380cd8715f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, Mark R. 0000-0001-7459-1729 mark_fuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1729","contributorId":2296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seegar, William S.","contributorId":97013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seegar","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schueck, Linda S. 0000-0003-0456-1131 lschueck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0456-1131","contributorId":48516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schueck","given":"Linda S.","email":"lschueck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":385419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020211,"text":"70020211 - 1998 - Precipitation interpolation in mountainous regions using multiple linear regression","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:43","indexId":"70020211","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precipitation interpolation in mountainous regions using multiple linear regression","docAbstract":"Multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to spatially interpolate precipitation for simulating runoff in the Animas River basin of southwestern Colorado. MLR equations were defined for each time step using measured precipitation as dependent variables. Explanatory variables used in each MLR were derived for the dependent variable locations from a digital elevation model (DEM) using a geographic information system. The same explanatory variables were defined for a 5 ?? 5 km grid of the DEM. For each time step, the best MLR equation was chosen and used to interpolate precipitation onto the 5 ?? 5 km grid. The gridded values of precipitation provide a physically-based estimate of the spatial distribution of precipitation and result in reliable simulations of daily runoff in the Animas River basin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Hay, L., Viger, R., and McCabe, G., 1998, Precipitation interpolation in mountainous regions using multiple linear regression: IAHS-AISH Publication, v. 248, p. 33-38.","startPage":"33","endPage":"38","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231009,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"248","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a811be4b0c8380cd7b38c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hay, L.","contributorId":72103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Viger, R.","contributorId":29191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viger","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCabe, G.","contributorId":77637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020210,"text":"70020210 - 1998 - Pedogenic influences on magnetic susceptibility patterns in loess-paleosol sequences of southwestern Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-25T16:42:23","indexId":"70020210","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pedogenic influences on magnetic susceptibility patterns in loess-paleosol sequences of southwestern Illinois","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1040-6182(98)90219-1","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Grimley, D., 1998, Pedogenic influences on magnetic susceptibility patterns in loess-paleosol sequences of southwestern Illinois: Quaternary International, v. 51-52, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6182(98)90219-1.","startPage":"51","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270067,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6182(98)90219-1"}],"volume":"51-52","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a762ae4b0c8380cd77f74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grimley, D.A.","contributorId":18530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimley","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020209,"text":"70020209 - 1998 - Impact cratering through geologic time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-02T16:07:50.558317","indexId":"70020209","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2566,"text":"Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact cratering through geologic time","docAbstract":"New data on lunar craters and recent discoveries about craters on Earth permit a reassessment of the bombardment history of Earth over the last 3.2 billion years. The combined lunar and terrestrial crater records suggest that the long-term average rate of production of craters larger than 20 km in diameter has increased, perhaps by as much as 60%, in the last 100 to 200 million years. Production of craters larger than 70 km in diameter may have increased, in the same time interval, by a factor of five or more over the average for the preceding three billion years. A large increase in the flux of long-period comets appears to be the most likely explanation for such a long-term increase in the cratering rate. Two large craters, in particular, appear to be associated with a comet shower that occurred about 35.5 million years ago. The infall of cosmic dust, as traced by 3He in deep sea sediments, and the ages of large craters, impact glass horizons, and other stratigraphic markers of large impacts seem to be approximately correlated with the estimated times of passage of the Sun through the galactic plane, at least for the last 65 million years. Those are predicted times for an increased near-Earth flux of comets from the Oort Cloud induced by the combined effects of galactic tidal perturbations and encounters of the Sun with passing stars. Long-term changes in the average comet flux may be related to changes in the amplitude of the z-motion of the Sun perpendicular to the galactic plane or to stripping of the outer Oort cloud by encounters with large passing stars, followed by restoration from the inner Oort cloud reservoir.","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Astronomical Society of Canada","issn":"0035872X","usgsCitation":"Shoemaker, E., and Shoemaker, C., 1998, Impact cratering through geologic time: Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, v. 92, no. 6, p. 297-309.","startPage":"297","endPage":"309","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392381,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.rasc.ca/jrasc-1998-12"},{"id":231007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth, Oort Cloud","volume":"92","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38aae4b0c8380cd6164c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shoemaker, E.M.","contributorId":81499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shoemaker, C.S.","contributorId":32318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020207,"text":"70020207 - 1998 - Nonlinear refraction and reflection travel time tomography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-16T13:20:13","indexId":"70020207","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonlinear refraction and reflection travel time tomography","docAbstract":"We develop a rapid nonlinear travel time tomography method that simultaneously inverts refraction and reflection travel times on a regular velocity grid. For travel time and ray path calculations, we apply a wave front method employing graph theory. The first-arrival refraction travel times are calculated on the basis of cell velocities, and the later refraction and reflection travel times are computed using both cell velocities and given interfaces. We solve a regularized nonlinear inverse problem. A Laplacian operator is applied to regularize the model parameters (cell slownesses and reflector geometry) so that the inverse problem is valid for a continuum. The travel times are also regularized such that we invert travel time curves rather than travel time points. A conjugate gradient method is applied to minimize the nonlinear objective function. After obtaining a solution, we perform nonlinear Monte Carlo inversions for uncertainty analysis and compute the posterior model covariance. In numerical experiments, we demonstrate that combining the first arrival refraction travel times with later reflection travel times can better reconstruct the velocity field as well as the reflector geometry. This combination is particularly important for modeling crustal structures where large velocity variations occur in the upper crust. We apply this approach to model the crustal structure of the California Borderland using ocean bottom seismometer and land data collected during the Los Angeles Region Seismic Experiment along two marine survey lines. Details of our image include a high-velocity zone under the Catalina Ridge, but a smooth gradient zone between. Catalina Ridge and San Clemente Ridge. The Moho depth is about 22 km with lateral variations. Copyright 1998 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/98JB01981","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Zhang, J., ten Brink, U., and Toksoz, M., 1998, Nonlinear refraction and reflection travel time tomography: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 103, no. B12, p. 29743-29757, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JB01981.","startPage":"29743","endPage":"29757","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479771,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98jb01981","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295333,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98JB01981"}],"volume":"103","issue":"B12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a678ce4b0c8380cd733b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Jiahua","contributorId":35479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jiahua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":385397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Toksoz, M.N.","contributorId":10579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toksoz","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020205,"text":"70020205 - 1998 - Evidence for faulting related to dissociation of gas hydrate and release of methane off the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T17:02:17","indexId":"70020205","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1785,"text":"Geological Society Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for faulting related to dissociation of gas hydrate and release of methane off the southeastern United States","docAbstract":"This paper is part of the special publication Gas hydrates: relevance to world margin stability and climatic change (eds J.P. Henriet and J. Mienert). An irregular, faulted, collapse depression about 38 x 18 km in extent is located on the crest of the Blake Ridge offshore from the south- eastern United States. Faults disrupt the sea floor and terminate or sole out about 40-500 m below the sea floor at the base of the gas hydrate stable zone, which is identified from the location of the bottom simulating reflection (BSR). Normal faults are common but reverse faults and folds also are widespread. Folds commonly convert upward into faults. Sediment diapirs and deposits of sediments that were erupted onto the sea floor are also present. Sea-floor depressions at faults may represent locations of liquid/gas vents. The collapse was probably caused by overpressures and by the decoupling of the overlying sediments by gassy muds that existed just beneath the zone of gas hydrate stability.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society Special Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.137.01.23","issn":"03058719","usgsCitation":"Dillon, W.P., Danforth, W.W., Hutchinson, D.R., Drury, R., Taylor, M., and Booth, J., 1998, Evidence for faulting related to dissociation of gas hydrate and release of methane off the southeastern United States: Geological Society Special Publication, no. 137, p. 293-302, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.137.01.23.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"302","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Blake Ridge","issue":"137","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d3ee4b0c8380cd52ed2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dillon, William P. bdillon@usgs.gov","contributorId":79820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"William","email":"bdillon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":385390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Danforth, W. W.","contributorId":16386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danforth","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutchinson, D. R.","contributorId":31770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drury, R.M.","contributorId":55039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drury","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taylor, M.H.","contributorId":37108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Booth, J.S.","contributorId":13619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70020204,"text":"70020204 - 1998 - Birds of the Indigirka River Delta, Russia: Historical and biogeographic comparisons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T14:04:11","indexId":"70020204","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Birds of the Indigirka River Delta, Russia: Historical and biogeographic comparisons","docAbstract":"<p>We documented the breeding status and relative abundance of all avian species on the coastal portion of the Indigirka River Delta during spring and summer 1993-95. Data on avifaunal composition were then compared to data from adjacent areas from Eastern Siberia to the Chukotka Peninsula to evaluate how species composition changes longitudinally within the arctic and typical tundra zones of northern Russia. We recorded 63 species on the Indigirka River Delta, 37 (58.7 %) of which were confirmed breeders during at least one of the three years. Five new species were recorded breeding (<i>Arenaria interpres</i>, <i>Calidris</i> <i>acuminata</i>, <i>Limnodromus scolopaceus</i>, <i>Stercorarius parasiticus</i>, and <i>Asio flammeus</i>), and 13 previously unrecorded species were observed during this study. We also identified several species of rare or threatened status in Russia and North America, including <i>Branta bernicla</i>, <i>Somateria fischeri</i>, <i>Polysticta</i> <i>stelleri</i>, and <i>Rhodostethia rosea</i>. We used parsimony and distance matrix methods to compare the breeding species richness on the Indigirka River Delta to that of six other Russian Arctic areas. Biogeographic comparisons revealed the presence of two clades in the Russian Arctic: the Lena River Delta east to Chaun Delta and the Chukotka Peninsula.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","publisherLocation":"Calgary, AB","doi":"10.14430/arctic1079","issn":"00040843","usgsCitation":"Pearce, J.M., Esler, D., and Degtyarev, A.G., 1998, Birds of the Indigirka River Delta, Russia: Historical and biogeographic comparisons: Arctic, v. 51, no. 4, p. 361-370, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic1079.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"370","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479798,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic1079","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230928,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia","otherGeospatial":"Indigirka River Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              150.128173828125,\n              71.18509668267065\n            ],\n            [\n              150.128173828125,\n              71.52229774676012\n            ],\n            [\n              151.3092041015625,\n              71.52229774676012\n            ],\n            [\n              151.3092041015625,\n              71.18509668267065\n            ],\n            [\n              150.128173828125,\n              71.18509668267065\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1c5e4b0c8380cd4ae02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Degtyarev, Andrei G.","contributorId":13775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Degtyarev","given":"Andrei","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":28156,"text":"Yakutsk Institute of Biology, Yakutsk, Russia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":385383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020186,"text":"70020186 - 1998 - History and status of introduced mammals and impacts to breeding seabirds on the California channel and Northwestern Baja California Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:20","indexId":"70020186","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"History and status of introduced mammals and impacts to breeding seabirds on the California channel and Northwestern Baja California Islands","docAbstract":"The California Channel Islands, U.S.A., and Northwestern Baja California Islands, Mexico, host important breeding populations of several seabird species, including the endemic Black-vented Shearwater (Puffinus opisthomelas) and Xantus' Murrelet (Synthliboramphus hypoleucus). Mammals introduced to nearly all of the islands beginning in the late 1800s to early 1900s include: cats (Felis catus), dogs (Canis familiaris), Black Rats (Rattus rattus), rabbits and hares (Leporidae), goats (Capra hirca), sheep (Ovis ones), and other grazers. Cats, dogs and rats are seabird predators, grazers such as goats and sheep cause habitat degredation, and rabbits destroy habitat and compete with hole-nesting seabirds. Cats, which were introduced to at least 19 islands and currently occur on ten islands, have had the greatest impacts on seabirds, including the extinction of the endemic Guadalupe Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma macrodactyla). Cats are known to have eliminated or severely reduced colonies of Black-vented Shearwaters, Cassin's Auklets (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) and Xantus' Murrelets. Black Rats have occurred on a minimum of seven islands and have reduced numbers of small, hole-nesting alcids on at least one island. At many islands, defoliation and erosion caused by rabbits and large grazing mammals has been severe. Their effects on seabirds are not well documented but potentially are serious. Impacts from introduced mammals have been most severe on islands with no native mammalian predators. On the Northwestern Baja California Islands, temporary and permanent human settlements have led to a greater diversity and source of introductions. Programs to remove introduced mammals and to reduce the possibility of future introductions are needed to restore seabird populations and to preserve the biodiversity of the region. Surveys are needed particularly on the Northwestern Baja California Islands to update the status and distribution of seabirds and to further assess impacts from introduced mammals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07386028","usgsCitation":"McChesney, G., and Tershy, B., 1998, History and status of introduced mammals and impacts to breeding seabirds on the California channel and Northwestern Baja California Islands: Waterbirds, v. 21, no. 3, p. 335-347.","startPage":"335","endPage":"347","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231283,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31b3e4b0c8380cd5e15d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McChesney, G.J.","contributorId":20936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McChesney","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tershy, B.R.","contributorId":45585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tershy","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}