During a 6 mo study of moribund trout from Buford hatchery, Buford, Georgia, USA, a Loma cf. salmonae microsporidian parasite was studied in the gills of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, brown trout Salmo trutta, and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. This parasite was morphologically similar to L. salmonae and L. fontinalis but differed in spore size. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that xenomas were embedded in gill filaments. Transmission electron micrographs prepared from fresh tissue showed mature spores with 12 to 15 turns of their polar tube. Spore diameters for the Georgia strain from formalin-fixed gill tissues measured 3.5 (SD ±0.1) by 1.8 (SD ±0.1) µm. Electron micrographs of formalin-fixed, deparaffinized tissues of rainbow trout from Pennsylvania and West Virginia show spores with a diameter of 3.5 (±0.2) by 1.7 (±0.1) µm and 3.4 (±0.2) by 1.8 (±0.1) µm, respectively. Transmission electron micrographs of spores from Pennsylvania and West Virginia show that mature spores from both states had 13 to 15 turns of their polar tubes. Measurements from transmission electron micrographs prepared from alcohol-fixed tissues from Virginia fish contained spores with a diameter of 3.0 (±0.3) by 1.1 (±0.3) µm and 12 to 15 turns of their polar tubes. These measurements are consistent with L. salmonae and therefore suggest that the parasite is present on the east coast of the United States. During the height of the Georgia epizootic, the percentage of fish with observed xenomas reached 62.2% (N = 87), and the highest number of xenomas counted per 10 gill filaments was 133 (N = 87). The microsporidian epizootic occurred either during the autumn months or when intake river water quality reached combined iron-manganese concentrations as high as 1.01 (mean 0.44, SD ±0.42) mg-1.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao034211","usgsCitation":"Bader, J., Shotts, E.B., Steffens, W., and Lom, J., 1998, Occurrence of Loma cf salmonae brook, brown and rainbow trout from Buford Trout Hatchery, Georgia, USA: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 34, no. 3, p. 211-216, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao034211.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"216","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489777,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao034211","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":131050,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af7e4b07f02db693b6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bader, J.A.","contributorId":18704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bader","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shotts, E. B. Jr.","contributorId":102414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shotts","given":"E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steffens, W.L.","contributorId":75803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steffens","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lom, J.","contributorId":83879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lom","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70020423,"text":"70020423 - 1998 - Foods of Buller's shearwaters (Puffinus bulleri) associated with driftnet fisheries in the central North Pacific Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:18","indexId":"70020423","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2902,"text":"Notornis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foods of Buller's shearwaters (Puffinus bulleri) associated with driftnet fisheries in the central North Pacific Ocean","docAbstract":"We examined digestive tract contents and stable nitrogen isotope ratios (??15N) in breast muscles of Buller's shearwaters (Puffinus bulleri) salvaged from squid and largemesh driftnets in the central North Pacific Ocean. The epipelagic Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) was the predominant prey, making up 71% of prey mass in digestive tracts. The remainder of the diet included small numbers of crustaceans, small fishes, and squids. The high degree of specialization in the diet seems to indicate that in the North Pacific, Buller's Shearwaters usually feed at or near the water surface and rarely pursue food under water. Although these birds have been observed feeding on scraps from fishing vessels, our data suggest that offal comprises less than 10% of the diet. Stable nitrogen isotope values provided quantified information on the timing of arrival of migrants into the North Pacific.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Notornis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00294470","usgsCitation":"Gould, P., Ostrom, P., and Walker, W., 1998, Foods of Buller's shearwaters (Puffinus bulleri) associated with driftnet fisheries in the central North Pacific Ocean: Notornis, v. 45, no. 2, p. 81-93.","startPage":"81","endPage":"93","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a12ece4b0c8380cd54451","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gould, P.","contributorId":51308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ostrom, P.","contributorId":22897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostrom","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walker, W.","contributorId":27212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70021134,"text":"70021134 - 1998 - Radio-tracking manatees from land and space: tag design, implementation, and lessons learned from long-term study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:49","indexId":"70021134","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2678,"text":"Marine Technology Society Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radio-tracking manatees from land and space: tag design, implementation, and lessons learned from long-term study","docAbstract":"West Indian manatees (Trichechus manatus) were tracked along the Atlantic coast of Florida and Georgia (N = 83 manatees, n = 439 tag deployments, 1986-1996) and in eastern Puerto Rico (N = 8, n = 43, 1992-1996) using conventional and satellite-based radio-telemetry systems. A floating radio-tag, attached by a flexible tether to a padded belt around the base of the tail, enabled us to track manatees in saltwater environments. The tag incorporated VHF (very high frequency) and ultrasonic transmitters for field tracking and tag recovery, and an Argos satellite-monitored transmitter for remote tracking. We located each animal in the field about twice per week, received more than 60 000 good-quality Argos locations, and recovered tags in over 90% of deployments. The tag was designed to detach from the belt when entangled to prevent injury or drowning, and this often led to premature termination of tracking bouts. We had considerable success, however, in retagging belted manatees without recapture (97% of 392 retagging events). Most individuals were radio-tagged more than once (median = 3.0, maximum = 43) for a median total duration of 7.5 months (maximum = 6.8 yr). Data obtained through Argos have been valuable in addressing questions relating to long-distance movements, site fidelity, and identification of high-use areas. Fine-scale analyses of manatee habitat use and movements may require restricting the data set to the highest location quality or developing new analytical techniques to incorporate locational error. Field tracking provided useful ancillary data on life-history parameters, but sample sizes were small and survival estimates imprecise. Modification of the existing tag design to include Global Positioning System (GPS) functionality, with its finer spatial and temporal resolution, will offer new opportunities to address critical research and management problems facing this endangered species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Technology Society Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Marine Technology Soc","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC, United States","issn":"00253324","usgsCitation":"Deutsch, C.J., Bonde, R., and Reid, J., 1998, Radio-tracking manatees from land and space: tag design, implementation, and lessons learned from long-term study: Marine Technology Society Journal, v. 32, no. 1, p. 18-29.","startPage":"18","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229895,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a93a4e4b0c8380cd80f4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deutsch, C. J.","contributorId":79826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deutsch","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonde, R. K. 0000-0001-9179-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":63339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"R. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reid, J.P. 0000-0002-8497-1132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8497-1132","contributorId":59372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70021035,"text":"70021035 - 1998 - Observations of wind-generated shoreface currents off Duck, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:47","indexId":"70021035","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observations of wind-generated shoreface currents off Duck, North Carolina","docAbstract":"Wind, wave and currents measurements at 9 and 14 meter water depths on the shoreface off U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Field Research Facility at Duck, North Carolina are presented. Coastal setup accompanied by southerly-setting alongshore currents and seaward cross-shore currents is developed during Northeasterly storms. Coastal setdown, with reversal currents, is generated by Southerly or southwesterly strong winds. However, while the current speed during Northeasterly storms is strongly correlated with the wind stress, this relationship does not hold during Southwesterly storms. This is attributable to the fact that downwelling-favorable Northeasterlies enhance the coastal jet and act to reinforce the coastal plume that often issues from the Chesapeake Bay.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Xu, J.P., and Wright, L., 1998, Observations of wind-generated shoreface currents off Duck, North Carolina: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 14, no. 2, p. 610-619.","startPage":"610","endPage":"619","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230207,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6ac7e4b0c8380cd7435b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, J. P.","contributorId":74528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, L.D.","contributorId":53116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020817,"text":"70020817 - 1998 - An empirical model of the tidal currents in the Gulf of the Farallones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:51","indexId":"70020817","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An empirical model of the tidal currents in the Gulf of the Farallones","docAbstract":"Candela et al. (1990, 1992) showed that tides in an open ocean region can be resolved using velocity data from a ship-mounted ADCP. We use their method to build a spatially varying model of the tidal currents in the Gulf of the Farallones, an area of complicated bathymetry where the tidal velocities in some parts of the region are weak compared to the mean currents. We describe the tidal fields for the M2, S2, K1, and O1 constituents and show that this method is sensitive to the model parameters and the quantity of input data. In areas with complex bathymetry and tidal structures, a large amount of spatial data is needed to resolve the tides. A method of estimating the associated errors inherent in the model is described.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0967-0645(98)80004-0","issn":"09670645","usgsCitation":"Steger, J., Collins, C.A., Schwing, F., Noble, M., Garfield, N., and Steiner, M., 1998, An empirical model of the tidal currents in the Gulf of the Farallones: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 45, no. 8-9, p. 1471-1505, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(98)80004-0.","startPage":"1471","endPage":"1505","numberOfPages":"35","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230193,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206555,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(98)80004-0"}],"volume":"45","issue":"8-9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea38e4b0c8380cd486fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steger, J.M.","contributorId":10189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steger","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collins, C. A.","contributorId":43731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwing, F.B.","contributorId":24516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwing","given":"F.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noble, M.","contributorId":15340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garfield, N.","contributorId":62364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garfield","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Steiner, M.T.","contributorId":26102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steiner","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70020326,"text":"70020326 - 1998 - Drought-induced shift of a forest-woodland ecotone: Rapid landscape response to climate variation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-29T16:10:01","indexId":"70020326","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drought-induced shift of a forest-woodland ecotone: Rapid landscape response to climate variation","docAbstract":"In coming decades, global climate changes are expected to produce large shifts in vegetation distributions at unprecedented rates. These shifts are expected to be most rapid and extreme at ecotones, the boundaries between ecosystems, particularly those in semiarid landscapes. However, current models do not adequately provide for such rapid effects—particularly those caused by mortality—largely because of the lack of data from field studies. Here we report the most rapid landscape-scale shift of a woody ecotone ever documented: in northern New Mexico in the 1950s, the ecotone between semiarid ponderosa pine forest and piñon–juniper woodland shifted extensively (2 km or more) and rapidly (<5 years) through mortality of ponderosa pines in response to a severe drought. This shift has persisted for 40 years. Forest patches within the shift zone became much more fragmented, and soil erosion greatly accelerated. The rapidity and the complex dynamics of the persistent shift point to the need to represent more accurately these dynamics, especially the mortality factor, in assessments of the effects of climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","usgsCitation":"Allen, C.D., and Breshears, D.D., 1998, Drought-induced shift of a forest-woodland ecotone: Rapid landscape response to climate variation: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 95, no. 25, p. 14839-14842.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"14839","endPage":"14842","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351979,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/95/25/14839"}],"volume":"95","issue":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a03fbe4b0c8380cd50719","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breshears, David D.","contributorId":51620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breshears","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":385836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020192,"text":"70020192 - 1998 - Three-dimensional seismic structure and moment tensors of non-double-couple earthquakes at the Hengill-Grensdalur volcanic complex, Iceland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-08T01:18:34.742813","indexId":"70020192","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional seismic structure and moment tensors of non-double-couple earthquakes at the Hengill-Grensdalur volcanic complex, Iceland","docAbstract":"The volcanic and geothermal areas of Iceland are rich sources of non-double-couple (non-DC) earthquakes. A state-of-the-art digital seismometer network deployed at the Hengill–Grensdalur volcanic complex in 1991 recorded 4000 small earthquakes. We used the best recorded of these to determine 3-D VP and VP /VS structure tomographically and accurate earthquake moment tensors. The VP field is dominated by high seismic wave speed bodies interpreted as solidified intrusions. A widespread negative (−4 per cent) VP /VS anomaly in the upper 4km correlates with the geothermal field, but is too strong to be caused solely by the effect of temperature upon liquid water or the presence of vapour, and requires in addition mineralogical or lithological differences between the geothermal reservoir and its surroundings. These may be caused by geothermal alteration. Well-constrained moment tensors were obtained for 70 of the best-recorded events by applying linear programming methods to P- and S-wave polarities and amplitude ratios. About 25 per cent of the mechanisms are, within observational error, consistent with DC mechanisms consistent with shear faulting. The other 75 per cent have significantly non-DC mechanisms. Many have substantial explosive components, one has a substantial implosive component, and the deviatoric component of many is strongly non-DC. Many of the non-DC mechanisms are consistent, within observational error, with simultaneous tensile and shear faulting. However, the mechanisms occupy a continuum in source-type parameter space and probably at least one additional source process is occurring. This may be fluid flow into newly formed cracks, causing partial compensation of the volumetric component. Studying non-shear earthquakes such as these has great potential for improving our understanding of geothermal processes and earthquake source processes in general.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-246X.1998.00492.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Miller, A., Julian, B., and Foulger, G., 1998, Three-dimensional seismic structure and moment tensors of non-double-couple earthquakes at the Hengill-Grensdalur volcanic complex, Iceland: Geophysical Journal International, v. 133, no. 2, p. 309-325, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246X.1998.00492.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"325","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487348,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246x.1998.00492.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231392,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb345e4b08c986b325ca5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, A.D.","contributorId":6202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Julian, B.R.","contributorId":101272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julian","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foulger, G.R.","contributorId":14439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foulger","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70021107,"text":"70021107 - 1998 - A new view into the Cascadia subduction zone and volcanic arc: Implications for earthquake hazards along the Washington margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T10:09:10","indexId":"70021107","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new view into the Cascadia subduction zone and volcanic arc: Implications for earthquake hazards along the Washington margin","docAbstract":"In light of suggestions that the Cascadia subduction margin may pose a significant seismic hazard for the highly populated Pacific Northwest region of the United States, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Research Center for Marine Geosciences (GEOMAR), and university collaborators collected and interpreted a 530-km-long wide-angle onshore-offshore seismic transect across the subduction zone and volcanic arc to study the major structures that contribute to seismogenic deformation. We observed (1) an increase in the dip of the Juan de Fuca slab from 2°–7° to 12° where it encounters a 20-km-thick block of the Siletz terrane or other accreted oceanic crust, (2) a distinct transition from Siletz crust into Cascade arc crust that coincides with the Mount St. Helens seismic zone, supporting the idea that the mafic Siletz block focuses seismic deformation at its edges, and (3) a crustal root (35–45 km deep) beneath the Cascade Range, with thinner crust (30–35 km) east of the volcanic arc beneath the Columbia Plateau flood basalt province. From the measured crustal structure and subduction geometry, we identify two zones that may concentrate future seismic activity: (1) a broad (because of the shallow dip), possibly locked part of the interplate contact that extends from ∼25 km depth beneath the coastline to perhaps as far west as the deformation front ∼120 km offshore and (2) a crustal zone at the eastern boundary between the Siletz terrane and the Cascade Range.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<0199:ANVITC>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Parsons, T., Trehu, A., Luetgert, J., Miller, K., Kilbride, F., Wells, R., Fisher, M.A., Flueh, E., ten Brink, U., and Christensen, N., 1998, A new view into the Cascadia subduction zone and volcanic arc: Implications for earthquake hazards along the Washington margin: Geology, v. 26, no. 3, p. 199-202, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<0199:ANVITC>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"202","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230135,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Cascadia","volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4bae4b0c8380cd468a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsons, T.","contributorId":48288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trehu, A.M.","contributorId":90754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trehu","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luetgert, J.H.","contributorId":69993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luetgert","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, K.","contributorId":104434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kilbride, F.","contributorId":56407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilbride","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wells, R.E. 0000-0002-7796-0160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":67537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fisher, M. A.","contributorId":69972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Flueh, E.","contributorId":55591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flueh","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":388671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Christensen, N.I.","contributorId":28016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"N.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70020566,"text":"70020566 - 1998 - Composition of the essential oil of Lomatium torreyi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-30T13:48:36.720608","indexId":"70020566","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2270,"text":"Journal of Essential Oil Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Composition of the essential oil of Lomatium torreyi","title":"Composition of the essential oil of Lomatium torreyi","docAbstract":"The stem and leaf as well as the fruit oils of Lomatium torreyi show myrcene, β-phellandrene, (Z)-β-ocimene, (E)-β-ocimene and (Z)-ligustilide to be the major components. The root oil is primarily composed of R-(-)-falcarinol (88.0%).
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10412905.1998.9700951","issn":"10412905","usgsCitation":"Bedrossian, A., Beauchamp, P., Dev, V., Kwan, S., Munevar-Mendoza, E., Okoreeh, E., and Moore, P., 1998, Composition of the essential oil of Lomatium torreyi: Journal of Essential Oil Research, v. 10, no. 5, p. 473-477, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1998.9700951.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"473","endPage":"477","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231457,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f92de4b0c8380cd4d49e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bedrossian, A.","contributorId":31709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrossian","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beauchamp, P.E.","contributorId":79839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dev, Vasu","contributorId":38932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dev","given":"Vasu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kwan, S.","contributorId":79840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwan","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Munevar-Mendoza, Elsa","contributorId":108059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munevar-Mendoza","given":"Elsa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Okoreeh, E.K.","contributorId":18711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okoreeh","given":"E.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Moore, P.E.","contributorId":57395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70020278,"text":"70020278 - 1998 - The role of freshwater habitats for the reproduction of common bream Abramis brama (L.) in a brackish water system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:20","indexId":"70020278","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3102,"text":"Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of freshwater habitats for the reproduction of common bream Abramis brama (L.) in a brackish water system","docAbstract":"Abundance and biomass data for juveniles and adults, length frequency histograms and the electron microprobe analysis (EPMA) of otoliths were used to indicate density, migration and reproduction of common bream Abramis brama in the Kiel Canal drainage, Germany. The reproduction of common bream was primarily restricted to two types of spawning habitats: one in the Haaler Au, a freshwater tributary and another in shallow, oligohaline portion of the main Canal. Both spawning habitats were morphologically characterized as shallow with submerged vegetation. During April to June concentrations of spawners were observed, whereas age-0 common bream dominated from August through December. The distribution of age-0 common bream was primarily restricted to fresh and oligohaline waters. Outside the spawning season, the distribution of common bream was less obvious. Adult fish were more widely distributed within the Canal, indicating a tolerance for higher salinities. During the spawning season common bream seem to show an exceptional mobility between spawning and feeding habitats, which are denoted by different salinities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00323764","usgsCitation":"Kafemann, R., Thiel, R., Finn, J., and Neukamm, R., 1998, The role of freshwater habitats for the reproduction of common bream Abramis brama (L.) in a brackish water system: Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii, v. 45, no. 2, p. 225-244.","startPage":"225","endPage":"244","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf71e4b08c986b3247cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kafemann, R.","contributorId":104664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kafemann","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thiel, R.","contributorId":55176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thiel","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Finn, J.E.","contributorId":8795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neukamm, R.","contributorId":60808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neukamm","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70020538,"text":"70020538 - 1998 - Early maritime economy and El Nino events at Quebrada Tacahuay, Peru","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:46","indexId":"70020538","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early maritime economy and El Nino events at Quebrada Tacahuay, Peru","docAbstract":"The archaeological site of Quebrada Tacahuay, Peru, dates to 12,700 to 12,500 calibrated years before the present (10,770 to 10,530 carbon-14 years before the present). It contains some of the oldest evidence of maritime- based economic activity in the New World. Recovered materials include a hearth, lithic cutting tools and flakes, and abundant processed marine fauna, primarily seabirds and fish. Sediments below and above the occupation layer were probably generated by El Nino events, indicating that El Nino was active during the Pleistocene as well as during the early and middle Holocene.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1126/science.281.5384.1833","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Keefer, D.K., deFrance, S.D., Moseley, M., Richardson, J., Satterlee, D., and Day-Lewis, A., 1998, Early maritime economy and El Nino events at Quebrada Tacahuay, Peru: Science, v. 281, no. 5384, p. 1833-1835, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.281.5384.1833.","startPage":"1833","endPage":"1835","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206857,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.281.5384.1833"},{"id":230988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"281","issue":"5384","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a048ce4b0c8380cd50a4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keefer, D. K.","contributorId":21176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"deFrance, Susan D.","contributorId":90902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"deFrance","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moseley, M.E.","contributorId":107875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moseley","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richardson, J. B. III","contributorId":10190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"J. B.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Satterlee, D.R.","contributorId":55603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Satterlee","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Day-Lewis, A.","contributorId":70560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70020583,"text":"70020583 - 1998 - Inorganic nitrogen and microbial biomass dynamics before and during spring snowmelt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:19","indexId":"70020583","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inorganic nitrogen and microbial biomass dynamics before and during spring snowmelt","docAbstract":"Recent work in seasonally snow covered ecosystems has identified thawed soil and high levels of heterotrophic activity throughout the winter under consistent snow cover. We performed measurements during the winter of 1994 to determine how the depth and timing of seasonal snow cover affect soil microbial populations, surface water NO3/- loss during snowmelt, and plant N availability early in the growing season. Soil under early accumulating, consistent snow cover remained thawed during most of the winter and both microbial biomass and soil inorganic N pools gradually increased under the snowpack. At the initiation of snowmelt, microbial biomass N pools increased from 3.0 to 5.9 g N m-2, concurrent with a decrease in soil inorganic N pools. During the latter stages of snowmelt, microbial biomass N pools decreased sharply without a concurrent increase in inorganic N pools or significant leaching losses. In contrast, soil under inconsistent snow cover remained frozen during most of the winter. During snowmelt, microbial biomass initially increased from 1.7 to 3.1 g N m-2 and then decreased as sites became snow-free. In contrast to smaller pool sizes, NO3/-export during snowmelt from the inconsistent snow cover sites of 1.14 (??0.511) g N m-2 was significantly greater (p < 0.001) than the 0.27 (??0.16) g N m-2 exported from sites with consistent snow cover. These data suggest that microbial biomass in consistently snow-covered soil provides a significant buffer limiting the export of inorganic N to surface water during snowmelt. However, this buffer is very sensitive to changes in snowpack regime. Therefore, interannual variability in the timing and depth of snowpack accumulation may explain the year to year variability in inorganic N concentrations in surface water these ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1005947511910","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Brooks, P.D., Williams, M., and Schmidt, S., 1998, Inorganic nitrogen and microbial biomass dynamics before and during spring snowmelt: Biogeochemistry, v. 43, no. 1, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005947511910.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206886,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005947511910"},{"id":231106,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c0de4b0c8380cd62a2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, P. D.","contributorId":46060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, M.W.","contributorId":15565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, S.K.","contributorId":58412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020830,"text":"70020830 - 1998 - Mixed conifer forest mortality and establishment before and after prescribed fire in Sequoia National Park, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:37","indexId":"70020830","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1688,"text":"Forest Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mixed conifer forest mortality and establishment before and after prescribed fire in Sequoia National Park, California","docAbstract":"Pre-and post-burn tree mortality rates, size structure, basal area, and ingrowth were determined for four 1.0 ha mixed conifer forest stands in the Log Creek and Tharp's Creek watersheds of Sequoia National Park. Mean annual mortality between 1986 and 1990 was 0.8% for both watersheds. In the fall of 1990, the Tharp's Creek watershed was treated with a prescribed burn. Between 1991 and 1995, mean annual mortality was 1.4% in the unburned Log Creek watershed and 17.2% in the burned Tharp's Creek watershed. A drought from 1987 to 1992 likely contributed to the mortality increase in the Log Creek watershed. The high mortality in the Tharp's Creek watershed was primarily related to crown scorch from the 1990 fire and was modeled with logistic regression for white fir (Abies concolor [Gord. and Glend.]) and sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana [Dougl.]). From 1989 to 1994, basal area declined an average of 5% per year in the burned Tharp's Creek watershed, compared to average annual increases of less than 1% per year in the unburned Log Creek watershed and in the Tharp's watershed prior to burning. Post-burn size structure was dramatically changed in the Tharp's Creek stands: 75% of trees ???50 cm and 25% of trees >50 cm were killed by the fire.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0015749X","usgsCitation":"Mutch, L., and Parsons, D., 1998, Mixed conifer forest mortality and establishment before and after prescribed fire in Sequoia National Park, California: Forest Science, v. 44, no. 3, p. 341-355.","startPage":"341","endPage":"355","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b7ce4b0c8380cd6f5a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mutch, L.S.","contributorId":103227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mutch","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, D.J.","contributorId":47721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020812,"text":"70020812 - 1998 - Assessing the bioaccumulation of contaminants from sediments of the Upper Mississippi River using field-collected oligochaetes and laboratory- exposed Lumbriculus variegatus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:51","indexId":"70020812","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the bioaccumulation of contaminants from sediments of the Upper Mississippi River using field-collected oligochaetes and laboratory- exposed Lumbriculus variegatus","docAbstract":"Concern with the redistribution of contaminants associated with sediment in the upper Mississippi River (UMR) arose after the flood of 1993. This project is designed to evaluate the status of sediments in the UMR and is one article in a series designed to assess the extent of sediment contamination in navigational pools of the river. Companion articles evaluate sediment toxicity and benthic community composition in navigation pools of the river. The objectives of the present study were to: (1) to assess the bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants in the UMR using laboratory exposures with the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus, and (2) to compare bioaccumulation in laboratory-exposed oligochaetes to field-collected oligochaetes. Sediment samples and native oligochaetes were collected from 23 navigational pools on the Upper Mississippi River and the Saint Croix River. Contaminant concentrations measured in the L. variegatus after 28-day exposures to sediment in the laboratory were compared to contaminant concentrations in field-collected oligochaetes from the 13 pools where these sediments were collected. Contaminant concentrations were relatively low in sediments and tissues from the pools evaluated. Only polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were frequently measured above detection limits. The majority of the biota- sediment-accumulation factors (BSAFs) for PAHs were within a range of about 1.0 to 2.6, suggesting that the theoretical BSAF value of 1.7 could be used to predict these mean BSAFs with a reasonable degree of certainty. A positive correlation was observed between lipid-normalized concentrations of PAHs detected in laboratory-exposed and field-collected oligochaetes across all sampling locations. Rank correlations for concentrations of individual compounds between laboratory-exposed and field-collected oligochaetes were strongest for benzo(e)pyrene, perylene, benzo(b,k)fluoranthene, and pyrene. About 90% of the paired PAH concentrations in laboratory-exposed and field- collected oligochaetes were within a factor of three of one another indicating laboratory results could be extrapolated to the field with a reasonable degree of certainty.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s002449900367","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Brunson, E., Canfield, T., Dwyer, F., Ingersoll, C., and Kemble, N., 1998, Assessing the bioaccumulation of contaminants from sediments of the Upper Mississippi River using field-collected oligochaetes and laboratory- exposed Lumbriculus variegatus: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 35, no. 2, p. 191-201, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449900367.","startPage":"191","endPage":"201","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206515,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900367"},{"id":230076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ede6e4b0c8380cd49ab4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brunson, E.L.","contributorId":29924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brunson","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Canfield, T.J.","contributorId":9026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Canfield","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dwyer, F.J.","contributorId":107818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingersoll, C.G. 0000-0003-4531-5949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":56338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"C.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kemble, N.E.","contributorId":28028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemble","given":"N.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70021335,"text":"70021335 - 1998 - Partial eclogitization of the Ambolten gabbro-norite, north-east Greenland Caledonides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-15T15:33:36.845272","indexId":"70021335","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3337,"text":"Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Partial eclogitization of the Ambolten gabbro-norite, north-east Greenland Caledonides","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Leemann","doi":"10.5169/seals-59288","issn":"00367699","usgsCitation":"Gilotti, J.A., and Elvevold, S., 1998, Partial eclogitization of the Ambolten gabbro-norite, north-east Greenland Caledonides: Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, v. 78, no. 2, p. 273-292, https://doi.org/10.5169/seals-59288.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"292","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230107,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"78","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7522e4b0c8380cd779e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilotti, J. A.","contributorId":15776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilotti","given":"J.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elvevold, S.","contributorId":45075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elvevold","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020194,"text":"70020194 - 1998 - Mesoscale disturbance and ecological response to decadal climatic variability in the American Southwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:19","indexId":"70020194","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mesoscale disturbance and ecological response to decadal climatic variability in the American Southwest","docAbstract":"Ecological responses to climatic variability in the Southwest include regionally synchronized fires, insect outbreaks, and pulses in tree demography (births and deaths). Multicentury, tree-ring reconstructions of drought, disturbance history, and tree demography reveal climatic effects across scales, from annual to decadal, and from local (<102 km2) to mesoscale (104-106 km2). Climate-disturbance relations are more variable and complex than previously assumed. During the past three centuries, mesoscale outbreaks of the western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis) were associated with wet, not dry episodes, contrary to conventional wisdom. Regional fires occur during extreme droughts but, in some ecosystems, antecedent wet conditions play a secondary role by regulating accumulation of fuels. Interdecadal changes in fire-climate associations parallel other evidence for shifts in the frequency or amplitude of the Southern Oscillation (SO) during the past three centuries. High interannual, fire-climate correlations (r = 0.7 to 0.9) during specific decades (i.e., circa 1740-80 and 1830-60) reflect periods of high amplitude in the SO and rapid switching from extreme wet to dry years in the Southwest, thereby entraining fire occurrence across the region. Weak correlations from 1780 to 1830 correspond with a decrease in SO frequency or amplitude inferred from independent tree-ring width, ice core, and coral isotope reconstructions. Episodic dry and wet episodes have altered age structures and species composition of woodland and conifer forests. The scarcity of old, living conifers established before circa 1600 suggests that the extreme drought of 1575-95 had pervasive effects on tree populations. The most extreme drought of the past 400 years occurred in the mid-twentieth century (1942-57). This drought resulted in broadscale plant dieoffs in shrublands, woodlands, and forests and accelerated shrub invasion of grasslands. Drought conditions were broken by the post-1976 shift to the negative SO phase and wetter cool seasons in the Southwest. The post-1976 period shows up as an unprecedented surge in tree-ring growth within millennia-length chronologies. This unusual episode may have produced a pulse in tree recruitment and improved rangeland conditions (e.g., higher grass production), though additional study is needed to disentangle the interacting roles of land use and climate. The 1950s drought and the post-1976 wet period and their aftermaths offer natural experiments to study long-term ecosystem response to interdecadal climate variability.Ecological responses to climatic variability in the Southwest include regionally synchronized fires, insect outbreaks, and pulses in tree demography (births and deaths). Multicentury, tree-ring reconstructions of drought, disturbance history, and tree demography reveal climatic effects across scales, from annual to decadal, and from local (<102 km2) to mesoscale (104-106 km2). Climate-disturbance relations are more variable and complex than previously assumed. During the past three centuries, mesoscale outbreaks of the western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis) were associated with wet, not dry episodes, contrary to conventional wisdom. Regional fires occur during extreme droughts but, in some ecosystems, antecedent wet conditions play a secondary role by regulating accumulation of fuels. Interdecadal changes in fire-climate associations parallel other evidence for shifts in the frequency or amplitude of the Southern Oscillation (SO) during the past three centuries. High interannual, fire-climate correlations (r = 0.7 to 0.9) during specific decades (i.e., circa 1740-80 and 1830-60) reflect periods of high amplitude in the SO and rapid switching from extreme wet to dry years in the Southwest, thereby entraining fire occurrence across the region. Weak correlations from 1780 to 1830 correspond with a decrease in SO frequency or amplitude inferred from independent tree-ring width, ic","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Climate","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Soc","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA, United States","issn":"08948755","usgsCitation":"Swetnam, T., and Betancourt, J., 1998, Mesoscale disturbance and ecological response to decadal climatic variability in the American Southwest: Journal of Climate, v. 11, no. 12, p. 3128-3147.","startPage":"3128","endPage":"3147","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5448e4b0c8380cd6cf31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swetnam, T.W.","contributorId":95433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swetnam","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Betancourt, J.L. 0000-0002-7165-0743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":87505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":385330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014831,"text":"1014831 - 1998 - Maturation of male age-0 Atlantic salmon following a massive, localized flood","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-06T16:47:16.053872","indexId":"1014831","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Maturation of male age-0 Atlantic salmon following a massive, localized flood","docAbstract":"Maturation of male age-0 Atlantic salmon Salmo salar parr in New England, U.S.A. streams is rare (˜5%), but age-0 parr maturation was high (74%) by autumn in the Sawmill River following a massive, localized flood. Maturation was low in two other study streams (3, 7%) in the same year as the flood, and in the Sawmill River (6%) and the other rivers (5%) in the subsequent year, suggesting that high maturation rates were related to the flood. The high age-0 maturation rates appear to have been the result of greater growth opportunity following the flood. Masses of fish in October were two-fold greater in the Sawmill River (13·2 g) than in the other rivers (6·5, 6·9 g). Mechanisms contributing to the fast growth may include community reorganization following the flood and water temperature differences among rivers. The flood caused an age-0 year-class failure for brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and brown trout Salmo trutta and a large reduction (69%) in the number of salmon compared to the other rivers, possibly reducing competition or agonistic interactions among remaining fish. Average water temperatures were slightly warmer in the Sawmill River (17·0° C) than in the other rivers (15·5, 14·9° C). By influencing community structure and growth of remaining fish, it appears that a strong environmental disturbance can also alter the direction and timing of life histories in Atlantic salmon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1095-8649.1998.tb00245.x","usgsCitation":"Letcher, B., and Terrick, T., 1998, Maturation of male age-0 Atlantic salmon following a massive, localized flood: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 53, no. 6, p. 1243-1252, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1998.tb00245.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1243","endPage":"1252","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129703,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db610040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Letcher, B. H. 0000-0003-0191-5678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":48132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"B.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":321306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Terrick, T.D.","contributorId":24305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terrick","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020811,"text":"70020811 - 1998 - In situ determination of particle friction angles of fluvial gravels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T09:55:55","indexId":"70020811","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ determination of particle friction angles of fluvial gravels","docAbstract":"Particle friction angles Φ represent the physical resistance to initial movement of a sediment particle and are therefore useful for relating initiation of motion to particular flows. We determined over 8000 friction angle values at five natural rivers by applying a new method that uses a digital load cell to directly measure the force Fd required to pivot or slide a particle out of its natural resting place. Within each site, median Φ values were very similar to previously reported relations, yet different enough between sites that a location-general predictive empirical relation would produce errors in Φ of ±10 degrees for Di/Ks > 1. Furthermore, within a Di/Ks class at a given site the range in Φ was as large as 80°, much greater than the range of median values between classes for natural sediment mixtures. Using estimates of τc* from extensive bed load measurements made by Andrews and Erman [1986] at Sagehen Creek and the in situ Φ measurements made in this study together with a theoretical model developed by Wiberg and Smith [1987], we show that Φ measurements made with this new method can be used to accurately predict τc* for natural, water-worked sediments. Additionally, these results confirm that a Φ value ≪Φ50 is more appropriate for predicting τc* of a given size class.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98WR00312","usgsCitation":"Johnston, C.E., Andrews, E., and Pitlick, J., 1998, In situ determination of particle friction angles of fluvial gravels: Water Resources Research, v. 34, no. 8, p. 2017-2030, https://doi.org/10.1029/98WR00312.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2017","endPage":"2030","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487363,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98wr00312","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a399ce4b0c8380cd6199e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, Christopher E.","contributorId":149104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnston","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrews, E.D.","contributorId":13922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pitlick, John","contributorId":168765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pitlick","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25358,"text":"University of Colorado, Geography Dept., Boulder, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":387605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020923,"text":"70020923 - 1998 - Stratigraphy and depositional environment of nonmarine facies of Frontier Formation, Eastern Pioneer Mountains, southwestern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:48","indexId":"70020923","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2789,"text":"Mountain Geologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphy and depositional environment of nonmarine facies of Frontier Formation, Eastern Pioneer Mountains, southwestern Montana","docAbstract":"The Upper Cretaceous Frontier Formation in the eastern Pioneer Mountains of southwestern Montana was deposited in nonmarine environments west of the Western Interior Seaway within the Cordilleran foreland basin. These rocks have been assigned to the Frontier because they contain lithologies typical of the Frontier in the region even though they are entirely nonmarine and are thicker than the correlative marine Frontier to the east. The Frontier in the eastern Pioneer Mountains is underlain by the Vaughn Member of the Blackleaf Formation, but the upper part of the Frontier has been eroded and locally is overlain by rocks of Tertiary age. Geologic mapping was conducted and four sections were measured and described to determine facies, thickness variations, and depositional environments. In the eastern Pioneer Mountains study area, the Frontier ranges in thickness from about 1200 ft (366 m) in the south to more than 3400 ft (1036 m) in the north\\. Frontier strata in the study area cannot be readily subdivided into mappable units, but two broadly-defined informal lithic units are described. The lower unit contains yellow-brown weathering siltstone, mudstone, and fine-grained quartz-rich sandstone, and is about 250 ft (76 m) thick. The upper unit is composed of yellow-brown to dark-gray siltstone and mudstone, quartz- and chert-rich sandstone, conglomeratic sandstone, and limestone, and is more than 2100 ft (640 m) thick in one measured section. The lower contact of the Frontier is placed at the top of a porcellanite bed that is associated with maroon mudstone and siltstone, limestone, and calcareous dark-gray shale in the underlying Vaughn Member of the Blackleaf Formation. The porcellanite bed directly overlies the highest maroon mudstone-siltstone bed of the upper Vaughn. The Frontier Formation in the eastern Pioneer Mountains was deposited on a broad delta plain dominated by fine-grained sediments. Sandstones exhibit characteristics of anastomosing fluvial channels, average 5% to 10% of the entire formation, and have width to depth ratios of less than 30. The Frontier in the eastern Pioneer Mountains is lithostratigraphically equivalent to the Frontier to the east in the Gravelly, Greenhorn, and Madison Ranges, but may include strata that are younger in age. Frontier strata to the south at Lima Peaks are the thickest in the region (up to 7000 ft; 2100 m) and include facies that are time-equivalent to the marine Frontier, the overlying Cody Shales, and the Telegraph Creek Formation of the Madison Range to the east. The Frontier in the eastern Pioneer Mountains is in part lithostratigraphically equivalent to the Coberly Formation in the Drummond, Montana area (50 mi [80 km] northwest of Butte, Montana) and the Marias River Shales near Great Falls (150 mi [240 km] northeast of Butte) in west-central Montana.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mountain Geologist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0027254X","usgsCitation":"Dyman, T.S., and Tysdal, R.G., 1998, Stratigraphy and depositional environment of nonmarine facies of Frontier Formation, Eastern Pioneer Mountains, southwestern Montana: Mountain Geologist, v. 35, no. 3, p. 115-125.","startPage":"115","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229802,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9988e4b08c986b31c495","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dyman, T. S.","contributorId":21161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyman","given":"T.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tysdal, R. G.","contributorId":8823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tysdal","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020731,"text":"70020731 - 1998 - New Tertiary stratigraphy for the Florida Keys and southern peninsula of Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-20T23:45:07.863711","indexId":"70020731","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New Tertiary stratigraphy for the Florida Keys and southern peninsula of Florida","docAbstract":"Seven lithologic formations, ranging in age from Oligocene to Pleistocene, were recently penetrated by core holes in southernmost Florida. From bottom to top, they are the early Oligocene Suwannee Limestone; late-early Oligocene-to-Miocene Arcadia Formation, basal Hawthorn Group; late Miocene Peace River Formation, upper Hawthorn Group; newly proposed late Miocene-to-Pliocene Long Key and Stock Island Formations; and Pleistocene Key Largo and Miami Limestones. The rocks of the Suwannee Limestone form a third-order sequence. Although the entire thickness was not penetrated, 96 m of Suwannee core from one well contains at least 50 vertically stacked, exposure-capped limestone cycles, presumably related to rapid eustatic fluctuations while experiencing tropical to subtropical conditions. The Arcadia Formation is a composite sequence containing four high-frequency sequences composed of multiple vertically stacked carbonate cycles. Most cycles do not show evidence of subaerial exposure and were deposited under more temperate conditions, relative to the Suwannee Limestone. The Arcadia Formation in southernmost Florida is bounded by regional unconformities representing third-order sequence boundaries. Post-Arcadia transgression produced a major backstepping of sediment accumulation above the upper sequence boundary of the Arcadia Formation. The Peace River Formation, composed of diatomaceous mudstones, has been identified only beneath the Florida peninsula and is not present beneath the Florida Keys. Deposition occurred during marine transgressive to high-stand conditions and a local phosphatization event (recorded in northeast Florida). The transgression is possibly related to a global rise in sea level, which resulted in upwelling of relatively cooler, relatively nutrient-rich water masses onto the Florida Platform. It is proposed that the absence of Peace River sediments beneath the Keys is due to sediment bypass of the upper surface of the Arcadia, a result of sediment sweeping by an ancestral Florida current. During late Miocene to Pliocene time in the Florida Keys, siliciclastics of the Long Key Formation and fine-grained carbonates of the Stock Island Formation prograded toward the southern edge of the Florida Platform and downlapped onto the regional unconformity at the top of the Arcadia. Shallow-marine Pleistocene limestones (Key Largo and Miami Limestones), deposited during tropical to subtropical conditions, drape over accretionary successions of the Long Key and Stock Island Formations.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<0231:NTSFTF>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Cunningham, K., McNeill, D., Guertin, L., Ciesielski, P., Scott, T., and De Verteuil, L., 1998, New Tertiary stratigraphy for the Florida Keys and southern peninsula of Florida: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 110, no. 2, p. 231-258, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<0231:NTSFTF>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"258","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231236,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.74968758309434,\n 24.14193347409706\n ],\n [\n -79.93718758309475,\n 24.14193347409706\n ],\n [\n -79.93718758309475,\n 25.79513540009077\n ],\n [\n -82.74968758309434,\n 25.79513540009077\n ],\n [\n -82.74968758309434,\n 24.14193347409706\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6539e4b0c8380cd72b3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cunningham, K.J.","contributorId":39852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McNeill, D.F.","contributorId":68901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNeill","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guertin, L.A.","contributorId":47937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guertin","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ciesielski, P.F.","contributorId":24911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciesielski","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scott, T.M.","contributorId":66694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"De Verteuil, L.","contributorId":67242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Verteuil","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70020095,"text":"70020095 - 1998 - Analysis of the influence of spatial pattern in habitat selection studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-15T15:34:51.763733","indexId":"70020095","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2151,"text":"Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of the influence of spatial pattern in habitat selection studies","docAbstract":"Design and analysis of wildlife habitat selection studies typically do not assess the effect of spatial pattern on the habitat selection process. Effects of landscape scale pattern on habitat selection cannot be accomplished without replicate study areas, because pattern is a single, albeit multifaceted, attribute of an area. For a single area, however, the influence of pattern-related characteristics, such as shape and edge shared with adjacent patches, can be estimated by using GLIM (McCullough and Neider 1983) procedures to model patch-specific frequency counts of animal use as a function of these parameters. This approach is evaluated and illustrated with simulated breeding-bird counts in a South Carolina study area for which a GIS land cover classification is available. A related technique for evaluating whether movement from patch to patch is selective is developed and illustrated for designs that involve collection of trajectory data from monitored individuals. These designs and analyses are feasible given current GIS and GPS technology. Statistical inferences from habitat selection studies should be interpreted within the context of a range of scales at which animals differentiate between patch attributes.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.2307/1400581","issn":"10857117","usgsCitation":"Otis, D.L., 1998, Analysis of the influence of spatial pattern in habitat selection studies: Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics, v. 3, no. 3, p. 254-267, https://doi.org/10.2307/1400581.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"267","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227955,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb39e4b0c8380cd48cc8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Otis, David L.","contributorId":64396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otis","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70020862,"text":"70020862 - 1998 - Controls on denitrification in riparian soils in headwater catchments of a hardwood forest in the Catskill Mountains, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:51","indexId":"70020862","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3416,"text":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on denitrification in riparian soils in headwater catchments of a hardwood forest in the Catskill Mountains, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Denitrification in riparian soils is thought to be an important factor that reduces hydrologic export of nitrate from forested and agricultural catchments. A 2-y study to identify the soil factors most closely associated with denitrification in riparian soils in headwater catchments within the Catskill Mountains of New York, included field surveys of surface and subsurface denitrification rates, and an amendment experiment to assess the relative effects of increases in available carbon and substrate NO-/3 on denitrification rates. Denitrification rates were measured by acetylene inhibition during incubation of intact soil cores from eight soil types representing a range of drainage classes. Soil cores were analyzed for organic matter, total P, extractable NO-/3-N and NH+/4-N, organic N, pH, moisture, porosity, and water-filled pore space, to determine which of these factors were most closely associated with denitrification. The distribution of denitrification rates found during the field surveys was highly skewed, with many low or zero values and few high values. Denitrification rates were positively associated with high soil organic matter, total P, and water-filled pore space, and were highest in seep (poorly-drained) soils, toeslope (seasonally-drained) soils, and stream-edge (poorly- to moderately well-drained) soils in which these three soil characteristics were typically high. Denitrification rates in these wet locations were also positively associated with soil NH+/4-N concentration and pH, but not with NO-/3-N concentration, suggesting that the rate of NO-/3 supply (via nitrification or hydrologic transport) was more important than the instantaneous concentration of NO-/3-N in the soils. The amendment experiment indicated that denitrification in soil types studied was most responsive to added glucose alone or with NO-/3. Thus, in these soils, a combination of slow rates of NO-/3 supply and low available carbon appears to limit denitrification. Annual denitrification rates in spring-fed soils (0.74 to 1.43 kg N ha-1 y-1) were up to 5 times greater than in other surface soils, yet these soils accounted for only 1.8% of the catchment's N loss through denitrification because they represent less than 3% of the catchment area. Dry upland soils constituted 71% of the catchment area and accounted for 91% of the catchment's N loss through denitrification. Annual denitrification in the catchment equaled about 65% of stream NO-/3-N and NH+/4-N export and 14% of precipitation NO-/3-N and NH+/4-N inputs. Denitrification appears to be important relative to N input and export in these Catskill catchments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0038-0717(98)00012-1","issn":"00380717","usgsCitation":"Ashby, J., Bowden, W., and Murdoch, P., 1998, Controls on denitrification in riparian soils in headwater catchments of a hardwood forest in the Catskill Mountains, U.S.A.: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, v. 30, no. 7, p. 853-864, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(98)00012-1.","startPage":"853","endPage":"864","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206576,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(98)00012-1"},{"id":230277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fbcfe4b0c8380cd4df8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ashby, J.A.","contributorId":44693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashby","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowden, W.B.","contributorId":83237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowden","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murdoch, Peter S.","contributorId":73547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murdoch","given":"Peter S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020540,"text":"70020540 - 1998 - Benthic invertebrate distributions in the San Joaquin River, California, in relation to physical and chemical factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-01T06:15:02","indexId":"70020540","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Benthic invertebrate distributions in the San Joaquin River, California, in relation to physical and chemical factors","docAbstract":"The invertebrate fauna of nontidal portions of the lower San Joaquin River and its major tributaries is described in relation to water quality and habitat using canonical correspondence analysis, autecological metrics, and indicator species analysis. A large-scale (basin-wide) pattern in community response to salinity (sulfate-bicarbonate type) was detected when standardized, stable substratum was sampled. Community structure, taxa richness, and EPT (ephemeropterans, plecopterans, and trichopterans) richness varied with dissolved solids concentration (55-1700 mg total dissolved solids. L-1), and distributions of many taxa indicated salinity optima. Distinct assemblages associated with either high or low salinity were evident over this range. Large-scale patterns in community structure were unrelated to pesticide distributions. Structure and taxa richness of invertebrate assemblages in sand substratum varied both with salinity and with microhabitat heterogeneity. The benthic fauna generally was dominated by a taxa-poor assemblage of specialized psammophilous species, contributing to a weaker relationship between community structure and water quality than was observed using standardized substratum. Habitat types and associated dominant species were characterized using indicator species analysis. Species assemblages did not vary substantially with irrigation regime or fiver discharge, indicating that structure of invertebrate communities was a conservative measure of water quality.","language":"English","publisher":"Canada Science Publishing ","doi":"10.1139/f97-316","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Leland, H., and Fend, S., 1998, Benthic invertebrate distributions in the San Joaquin River, California, in relation to physical and chemical factors: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 55, no. 5, p. 1051-1067, https://doi.org/10.1139/f97-316.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1051","endPage":"1067","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California ","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin River","volume":"55","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f0bce4b0c8380cd4a8ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leland, H.V.","contributorId":82455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leland","given":"H.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fend, S.V. 0000-0002-4638-6602","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-6602","contributorId":99702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fend","given":"S.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014741,"text":"1014741 - 1998 - Aquaculture and Fish Health 1998, The First Bilateral Symposium on Fish Diseases Between Russia and the USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:10","indexId":"1014741","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1123,"text":"Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquaculture and Fish Health 1998, The First Bilateral Symposium on Fish Diseases Between Russia and the USA","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"99-029/FH","usgsCitation":"Cipriano, R.C., and Shchelkunov, I., 1998, Aquaculture and Fish Health 1998, The First Bilateral Symposium on Fish Diseases Between Russia and the USA: Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, v. 18, no. 5, p. 149-156, 172.","productDescription":"p. 149-156, 172","startPage":"149","endPage":"156, 172","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db67a128","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cipriano, R. C.","contributorId":12400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cipriano","given":"R.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shchelkunov, I.","contributorId":47727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shchelkunov","given":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}