Abstract not available
","language":"English","publisher":"Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Adams, N., Rondorf, D., and Tuell, M., 1998, Migrational characteristics of juvenile spring Chinook salmon and steelhead in the forebay of Lower Granite Dam relative to the 1997 surface bypass collector tests.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333914,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5889c7a0e4b0ba3b075e060b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, N.S.","contributorId":178351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"N.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rondorf, D.W.","contributorId":80789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":660694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tuell, M.A.","contributorId":178715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tuell","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180189,"text":"70180189 - 1998 - Behavior of radio-tagged juvenile Chinook salmon and steelhead in Lower Granite Reservoir as determined from fixed-site receiver stations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T13:55:11","indexId":"70180189","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Behavior of radio-tagged juvenile Chinook salmon and steelhead in Lower Granite Reservoir as determined from fixed-site receiver stations","docAbstract":"Abstract not available
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Migrational characteristics of juvenile spring Chinook salmon and steelhead in Lower Granite Reservoir and Tributaries, Snake River","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Evans, S., Kelly, J., Perry, R., and Adams, N., 1998, Behavior of radio-tagged juvenile Chinook salmon and steelhead in Lower Granite Reservoir as determined from fixed-site receiver stations, 34 p.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"60","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333921,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lower Granite Reservoir ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.43560791015624,\n 46.677710064644344\n ],\n [\n -117.36282348632812,\n 46.6588624401289\n ],\n [\n -117.34634399414062,\n 46.619261036171515\n ],\n [\n -117.25982666015624,\n 46.5739667965278\n ],\n [\n -117.23373413085936,\n 46.544694144765536\n ],\n [\n -117.27630615234374,\n 46.538082005463075\n ],\n [\n -117.42324829101562,\n 46.58906908309182\n ],\n [\n -117.44522094726562,\n 46.64472240881699\n ],\n [\n -117.50839233398438,\n 46.67111414362431\n ],\n [\n -117.52212524414062,\n 46.702202151643455\n ],\n [\n -117.46994018554688,\n 46.70596917928676\n ],\n [\n -117.43148803710936,\n 46.69089949154197\n ],\n [\n -117.43560791015624,\n 46.677710064644344\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5889c79fe4b0ba3b075e0605","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, S.D.","contributorId":69282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelly, J.E.","contributorId":20216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perry, R.W.","contributorId":43947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, N.S.","contributorId":178351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"N.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70020121,"text":"70020121 - 1998 - Vulnerability to predation and physiological stress responses in juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) experimentally infected with Renibacterium salmoninarum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-27T09:54:26","indexId":"70020121","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vulnerability to predation and physiological stress responses in juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) experimentally infected with Renibacterium salmoninarum","docAbstract":"We experimentally infected juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) with Renibacterium salmoninarum (Rs), the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD), to examine the vulnerability to predation of fish with differing levels of Rs infection and assess physiological change during progression of the disease. Immersion challenges conducted during 1992 and 1994 produced fish with either a low to moderate (1992) or high (1994) infection level of Rs during the 14-week postchallenge rearing period. When equal numbers of treatment and unchallenged control fish were subjected to predation by either northern squaw fish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) or smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieui), Rs-challenged fish were eaten in significantly greater numbers than controls by nearly two to one. In 1994, we also sampled fish every 2 weeks after the challenge to determine some stressful effects of Rs infection. During disease progression in fish, plasma cortisol and lactate increased significantly whereas glucose decreased significantly. Our results indicate the role that BKD may play in predator-prey interactions, thus ascribing some ecological significance to this disease beyond that of direct pathogen-related mortality. In addition, the physiological changes observed in our fish during the chronic progression of BKD indicate that this disease is stressful, particularly during the later stages.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Research Council Canada","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-55-7-1599","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Mesa, M., Poe, T., Maule, A., and Schreck, C., 1998, Vulnerability to predation and physiological stress responses in juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) experimentally infected with Renibacterium salmoninarum: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 55, no. 7, p. 1599-1606, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-55-7-1599.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1599","endPage":"1606","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc387e4b08c986b32b226","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mesa, M.G.","contributorId":17386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poe, T.P.","contributorId":51687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poe","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maule, A.G.","contributorId":45067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schreck, C.B.","contributorId":11977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70020431,"text":"70020431 - 1998 - Information-theoretic model selection and model averaging for closed-population capture-recapture studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-28T16:38:19.361962","indexId":"70020431","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1038,"text":"Biometrical Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Information-theoretic model selection and model averaging for closed-population capture-recapture studies","docAbstract":"Specification of an appropriate model is critical to valid statistical inference. Given the “true model” for the data is unknown, the goal of model selection is to select a plausible approximating model that balances model bias and sampling variance. Model selection based on information criteria such as AIC or its variant AICc, or criteria like CAIC, has proven useful in a variety of contexts including the analysis of open-population capture-recapture data. These criteria have not been intensively evaluated for closed-population capture-recapture models, which are integer parameter models used to estimate population size (N), and there is concern that they will not perform well. To address this concern, we evaluated AIC, AICc, and CAIC model selection for closed-population capture-recapture models by empirically assessing the quality of inference for the population size parameter N. We found that AIC-, AICc-, and CAIC-selected models had smaller relative mean squared errors than randomly selected models, but that confidence interval coverage on N was poor unless unconditional variance estimates (which incorporate model uncertainty) were used to compute confidence intervals. Overall, AIC and AICc outperformed CAIC, and are preferred to CAIC for selection among the closed-population capture-recapture models we investigated. A model averaging approach to estimation, using AIC, AICc, or CAIC to estimate weights, was also investigated and proved superior to estimation using AIC-, AICc-, or CAIC-selected models. Our results suggested that, for model averaging, AIC or AICc should be favored over CAIC for estimating weights.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1521-4036(199808)40:4%3C475::AID-BIMJ475%3E3.0.CO;2-%23","usgsCitation":"Stanley, T.R., and Burnham, K.P., 1998, Information-theoretic model selection and model averaging for closed-population capture-recapture studies: Biometrical Journal, v. 40, no. 4, p. 475-494, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4036(199808)40:4%3C475::AID-BIMJ475%3E3.0.CO;2-%23.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"475","endPage":"494","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231218,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1999-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3bbae4b0c8380cd627bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanley, Thomas R. 0000-0002-8393-0005 stanleyt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-0005","contributorId":209928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Thomas","email":"stanleyt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burnham, Kenneth P.","contributorId":95025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":189,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":386201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020161,"text":"70020161 - 1998 - Application of the surface complexation concept to complex mineral assemblages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-01T06:20:28","indexId":"70020161","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of the surface complexation concept to complex mineral assemblages","docAbstract":"Two types of modeling approaches are illustrated for describing inorganic contaminant adsorption in aqueous environments: (a) the component additivity approach and (b) the generalized composite approach. Each approach is applied to simulate Zn2+ adsorption by a well-characterized sediment collected from an aquifer at Cape Cod, MA. Zn2+ adsorption by the sediment was studied in laboratory batch experiments with a range of pH and Zn(II) concentrations selected to encompass conditions observed in the aquifer. In the generalized composite approach, one, and two-site surface complexation model parameters were calibrated with the experimental data using FITEQL. The pH dependence of Zn2+ adsorption was simulated without explicit representation of electrostatic energy terms. Surface acidity constants and ion pair formation by major electrolyte ions were also not required in the model thereby minimizing the number of fitted parameters. Predictions of Zn2+ adsorption with the component additivity modeling approach did not simulate the experimental data adequately without manipulation of surface area or site density parameter values. To apply the component additivity approach to environmental sorbents, further research is needed to better characterize the composition of sediment surface coatings. The generalized composite modeling approach requires less information and can be viewed as more practical for application within solute transport models. With only three adjustable parameters, this approach could simulate Zn2+ adsorption over a range of chemical conditions that would cause several orders of magnitude variation in the distribution coefficient (K(d)) for Zn2+ within the aquifer.Two types of modeling approaches are illustrated for describing inorganic contaminant adsorption in aqueous environments: (a) the component additivity approach and (b) the generalized composite approach. Each approach is applied to simulate Zn2+ adsorption by a well-characterized sediment collected from an aquifer at Cape Cod, MA. Zn2+ adsorption by the sediment was studied in laboratory batch experiments with a range of pH and Zn(II) concentrations selected to encompass conditions observed in the aquifer. In the generalized composite approach, one- and two-site surface complexation model parameters were calibrated with the experimental data using FITEQL. The pH dependence of Zn2+ adsorption was simulated without explicit representation of electrostatic energy terms. Surface acidity constants and ion pair formation by major electrolyte ions were also not required in the model, thereby minimizing the number of fitted parameters. Predictions of Zn2+ adsorption with the component additivity modeling approach did not simulate the experimental data adequately without manipulation of surface area or site density parameter values. To apply the component additivity approach to environmental sorbents, further research is needed to better characterize the composition of sediment surface coatings. The generalized composite modeling approach requires less information and can be viewed as more practical for application within solute transport models. With only three adjustable parameters, this approach could simulate Zn2+ adsorption over a range of chemical conditions that would cause several orders of magnitude variation in the distribution coefficient (Kd) for Zn2+ within the aquifer.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es980312q","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Davis, J., Coston, J., Kent, D., and Fuller, C.C., 1998, Application of the surface complexation concept to complex mineral assemblages: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 32, no. 19, p. 2820-2828, https://doi.org/10.1021/es980312q.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2820","endPage":"2828","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227709,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205970,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es980312q"}],"volume":"32","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-08-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ecbae4b0c8380cd49452","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coston, J.A.","contributorId":59572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coston","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kent, D.B.","contributorId":16588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fuller, C. C.","contributorId":29858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70020359,"text":"70020359 - 1998 - Bluebell field, Uinta basin: Reservoir characterization for improved well completion and oil recovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-23T16:21:29.1415","indexId":"70020359","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bluebell field, Uinta basin: Reservoir characterization for improved well completion and oil recovery","docAbstract":"Bluebell field is the largest oil-producing area in the Uinta basin of northern Utah. The field includes over 300 wells and has produced 137 MMbbl oil and 177 bcf gas from fractured Paleocene-Eocene lacustrine and fluvial deposits of the Green River and Wasatch (Colton) formations. Oil and gas are produced at depths of 10,500-13,000 ft (3330-3940 m), with the most prolific reservoirs existing in overpressured sandstones of the Colton Formation and the underlying Flagstaff Member of the lower Green River Formation. Despite a number of high-recovery wells (1-3 MMbbl), overall field recovery remains low, less than 10% original oil in place. This low recovery rate is interpreted to be at least partly a result of completion practices. Typically, 40-120 beds are perforated and stimulated with acid (no proppant) over intervals of up to 3000 ft (900 m). Little or no evaluation of individual beds is performed, preventing identification of good-quality reservoir zones, water-producing zones, and thief zones. As a result, detailed understanding of Bluebell reservoirs historically has been poor, inhibiting any improvements in recovery strategies.
A recent project undertaken in Bluebell field as part of the U.S. Department of Energy's Class 1 (fluvial-deltaic reservoir) Oil Demonstration program has focused considerable effort on reservoir characterization. This effort has involved interdisciplinary analysis of core, log, fracture, geostatistical, production, and other data. Much valuable new information on reservoir character has resulted, with important implications for completion techniques and recovery expectations. Such data should have excellent applicability to other producing areas in the Uinta basin with reservoirs in similar lacustrine and related deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK, United States","doi":"10.1306/1D9BCA07-172D-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Montgomery, S.L., and Morgan, C.D., 1998, Bluebell field, Uinta basin: Reservoir characterization for improved well completion and oil recovery: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 82, no. 6, p. 1113-1132, https://doi.org/10.1306/1D9BCA07-172D-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"20","startPage":"1113","endPage":"1132","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231366,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Uinta basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.08603985326471,\n 40.36413978423349\n ],\n [\n -109.59069381659452,\n 40.5425712699321\n ],\n [\n -110.46514233863451,\n 40.4630584013986\n ],\n [\n -110.87946991658296,\n 40.25231173317758\n ],\n [\n -110.82382423928652,\n 39.99012904379077\n ],\n [\n -110.23375326040457,\n 39.826892648911866\n ],\n [\n -109.68434530158683,\n 39.679826883440796\n ],\n [\n -109.28316730131013,\n 39.73647004676479\n ],\n [\n -109.05140123497583,\n 39.87659760504593\n ],\n [\n -108.89182673582314,\n 40.02603058723378\n ],\n [\n -108.95184927297322,\n 40.20432860368936\n ],\n [\n -109.08603985326471,\n 40.36413978423349\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1ede4b0c8380cd4aedd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Montgomery, Scott L.","contributorId":43513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, C. D.","contributorId":35094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020289,"text":"70020289 - 1998 - Relationships between Boron concentrations and trout in the firehole river, Wyoming: Historical information and preliminary results of a field study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:44","indexId":"70020289","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Relationships between Boron concentrations and trout in the firehole river, Wyoming: Historical information and preliminary results of a field study","docAbstract":"The Firehole River (FHR) in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) is a world- renowned recreational fishery that predominantly includes rainbow trout (RBT, Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (BNT, Salmo trutta). The trout populations apparently are closed to immigration and have been self- sustaining since 1955. Inputs from hot springs and geysers increase the temperature and mineral content of the water, including elevating the boron (B) concentrations to a maximum of ~1 mg B/L. Both RBT and BNT reside in warm-water reaches, except when the water is extremely warm (???~25??C) during midsummer. They spawn in late fall and early winter, with documented spawning of BNT in the cold-water reach upstream from the Upper Geyser Basin and of RBT in the Lower Geyser Basin reach, where water temperatures presumably are the warmest; however, successful recruitment of RBT in waters containing ~1 mg B/L has not been demonstrated conclusively. Thus, we began investigating the relationships among temperature, B concentrations, other water-quality parameters, and the distribution and reproduction of trout in the FHR in spring 1997. However, atypical high water flows and concomitant lower than historical temperatures and B concentrations during summer 1997 preclude conclusions about avoidance of high B concentrations.","largerWorkTitle":"Biological Trace Element Research","language":"English","issn":"01634984","usgsCitation":"Meyer, J., Boelter, A., Woodward, D.F., Goldstein, J., Farag, A., and Hubert, W., 1998, Relationships between Boron concentrations and trout in the firehole river, Wyoming: Historical information and preliminary results of a field study, in Biological Trace Element Research, v. 66, no. 1-3, p. 167-184.","startPage":"167","endPage":"184","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a78fe4b0e8fec6cdc4e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, J.S.","contributorId":85741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boelter, A.M.","contributorId":107874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boelter","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodward, D. F.","contributorId":85645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldstein, J.N.","contributorId":105454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farag, A.M.","contributorId":106273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farag","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hubert, W.A.","contributorId":12822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70020358,"text":"70020358 - 1998 - Riparian control of stream-water chemistry: Implications for hydrochemical basin models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:15","indexId":"70020358","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Riparian control of stream-water chemistry: Implications for hydrochemical basin models","docAbstract":"End-member mixing analysis has been used to determine the hydrological structure for basin hydrochemical models at several catchments. Implicit in this use is the assumption that controlling end members have been identified, and that these end members represent distinct landscape locations. At the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, the choice of controlling end members was supported when a large change in the calcium and sulphate concentration of one of the end members was reflected in the stream water. More extensive sampling of groundwater and soil water indicated, however, that the geographic extent of the contributing end members was limited to the riparian zone. Hillslope solutions were chemically distinct from the riparian solutions and did not appear to make a large contribution to streamflow. The dominant control of the riparian zone on stream-water chemistry suggests that hydrological flow paths cannot be inferred from stream-water chemical dynamics.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Hooper, R.P., Aulenbach, B., Burns, D.A., McDonnell, J., Freer, J., Kendall, C., and Beven, K., 1998, Riparian control of stream-water chemistry: Implications for hydrochemical basin models: IAHS-AISH Publication, v. 248, p. 451-458.","startPage":"451","endPage":"458","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"248","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aad78e4b0c8380cd86ee8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hooper, R. P.","contributorId":26321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aulenbach, Brent T.","contributorId":62766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aulenbach","given":"Brent T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":29450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDonnell, J.","contributorId":61587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonnell","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Freer, J.","contributorId":61975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kendall, C. 0000-0002-0247-3405","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":35050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Beven, K.","contributorId":25320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beven","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70020408,"text":"70020408 - 1998 - Using stable isotopes of water and strontium to investigate the hydrology of a natural and a constructed wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:06:06","indexId":"70020408","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using stable isotopes of water and strontium to investigate the hydrology of a natural and a constructed wetland","docAbstract":"Wetlands cannot exist without water, but wetland hydrology is difficult to characterize. As a result, compensatory wetland mitigation often only assumes the proper hydrology has been created. In this study, water sources and mass transfer processes in a natural and constructed wetland complex were investigated using isotopes of water and strontium. Water isotope profiles in the saturated zone revealed that the natural wetland and one site in the constructed wetland were primarily fed by ground water; profiles in another constructed wetland site showed recent rain was the predominant source of water in the root zone. Water isotopes in the capillary fringe indicated that the residence time for rain is less in the natural wetland than in the constructed wetland, thus transpiration (an important water sink) was greater in the natural wetland. Strontium isotopes showed a systematic difference between the natural and constructed wetlands that we attribute to the presence or absence of peat. In the peat‐rich natural wetland, δ87Sr in the pore water increased along the flowline due to preferential weathering of minerals containing radiogenic Sr in response to elevated Fe concentrations in the water. In the constructed wetland, where peat thickness was thin and Fe concentrations in water were negligible, δ87Sr did not increase along the flowline. The source of the peat (on‐site or off‐site derived) applied in the constructed wetland controlled the δ87Sr at the top of the profile, but the effects were restricted by strong cation exchange in the underlying fluvial sediments. Based on the results of this study, neither constructed wetland site duplicated the water source and weathering environment of the adjoining natural wetland. Moreover, stable isotopes were shown to be effective tools for investigating wetlands and gaining insight not easily obtained using non‐isotopic techniques. These tools have potential widespread application to wetlands that have distinct isotopic endmember sources.
Although the number of genetic markers available for fisheries research has steadily increased in recent years, there is limited information on their relative utility. In this study, we compared the performance of different \"classes\" of genetic markers (mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), nuclear DNA (nDNA), and allozymes) in terms of estimating levels and partitioning of genetic variation and of the relative accuracy and precision in estimating population allocations to mixed-stock fisheries. Individuals from eight populations of fall-run chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from the Yukon River in Alaska and Canada were assayed at 25 loci. Significant differences in mitochondrial haplotype and nuclear allele frequencies were observed among five drainages. Populations from the U.S.-Canada border region were not clearly distinguishable based on multilocus allele frequencies. Although estimates of total genetic diversities were higher for the DNA loci (Ht = 0.592 and h = 0.647 for nDNA and mtDNA, respectively) compared with protein allozymes (Ht = 0.250), estimates of the extent of population differentiation were highly concordant across marker classes (mean theta = 0.010, 0.011, and 0.016 for allozymes, nDNA, and mtDNA, respectively). Simulations of mixed-stock fisheries composed of varying contributions of U.S. and Canadian populations revealed a consistent bias for overallocation of Canadian stocks when expected Canadian contributions varied from 0 to 40%, due primarily to misallocations among genetically similar border populations. No single marker class is superior for differentiating populations of this species at the spatial scale examined.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRS Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f98-063","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Scribner, K.T., Crane, P.A., Spearman, W., and Seeb, L.W., 1998, DNA and allozyme markers provide concordant estimates of population differentiation: Analyses of U.S. and Canadian populations of Yukon River fall-run chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta): Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 55, no. 7, p. 1748-1758, https://doi.org/10.1139/f98-063.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1748","endPage":"1758","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River","volume":"55","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd4de4b0c8380cd4e763","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scribner, Kim T.","contributorId":146113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scribner","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":16582,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife and Department of Zoology, 480 Wilson Rd. 13 Natural Resources Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":135,"text":"Biological Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":385119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crane, Penelope A.","contributorId":40743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crane","given":"Penelope","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spearman, William J.","contributorId":28560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spearman","given":"William J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seeb, Lisa W.","contributorId":66008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seeb","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70020244,"text":"70020244 - 1998 - Frequency of effective wave activity and the recession of coastal bluffs: Calvert Cliffs, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:18","indexId":"70020244","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Frequency of effective wave activity and the recession of coastal bluffs: Calvert Cliffs, Maryland","docAbstract":"The Calvert Cliffs, Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, USA, erode by direct wave undercutting or by freeze/thaw erosion accompanied by wave removal of slope debris. Directly undercut slopes recede more rapidly, with long-term rates exceeding 1.0 m/yr; freeze/thaw slopes recede at rates approaching 0.5 m/yr. The frequency of wave height and water level at the shoreline is estimated for eleven sites based on a 37-year wind record, estimates of storm surge, offshore wave geometry, nearshore wave transformation, and breaking wave type. Locations experiencing the largest slope recession are not uniformly those with the largest cumulative wave energy; the resistance to erosion of the slope toe must also be accounted for. An index of relative wave strength is defined as the ratio of wave pressure T and the cohesive strength S of the slope material. For the Calvert Cliffs, a minimum relative wave strength for initiating erosion of intact material is 0.05 < T/S < 0.1. A cumulative duration of ???50 hours per year for T/S ??? 0.1 distinguishes undercut and nonundercut slopes and recession rates greater or lesser than 0.5 m/yr. The relative wave strength index may be used to identify sites at risk of increased erosion. At one site with a small historical erosion rate, the loss of a protective beach and associated decrease in toe elevation caused a positive shift in the frequency of large T/S. Direct wave undercutting and increased slope recession may be anticipated at this site, as indicated by the development of an undercut notch during the course of the study.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Wilcock, P., Miller, D.S., Shea, R., and Kerkin, R., 1998, Frequency of effective wave activity and the recession of coastal bluffs: Calvert Cliffs, Maryland: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 14, no. 1, p. 256-268.","startPage":"256","endPage":"268","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13d1e4b0c8380cd547b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilcock, P.R.","contributorId":36709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcock","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, D. S.","contributorId":64260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shea, R.H.","contributorId":34683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shea","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kerkin, R.T.","contributorId":51055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerkin","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175559,"text":"70175559 - 1998 - Foreword","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T16:32:58","indexId":"70175559","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foreword","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF03161667","usgsCitation":"Friedman, J.M., Scott, M.L., and Patten, D., 1998, Foreword: Wetlands, v. 18, no. 4, p. 497-497, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161667.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"497","endPage":"497","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326603,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b43946e4b03bcb01039fbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-1329-0663 friedmanj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-0663","contributorId":2473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Jonathan","email":"friedmanj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, Michael L. scottm@usgs.gov","contributorId":1169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Michael","email":"scottm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patten, Duncan","contributorId":146522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patten","given":"Duncan","affiliations":[{"id":13655,"text":"Montana State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020419,"text":"70020419 - 1998 - Potentially hazardous elements in coal: Modes of occurrence and summary of concentration data for coal components","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-08T16:24:20.647236","indexId":"70020419","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1260,"text":"Coal Preparation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potentially hazardous elements in coal: Modes of occurrence and summary of concentration data for coal components","docAbstract":"Mode-of-occurrence data are summarized for 13 potentially hazardous elements (Be, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, As, Se, Cd, Sb, Hg, Pb, Th, U) in coal. Recent work has refined mode-of-occurrence data for Ni, Cr, and As, as compared to previous summaries. For Cr, dominant modes of occurrence include the clay mineral iliite, an amorphous CrO(OH) phase, and Cr-bearing spinels. Nickel is present in Fe-sulfides (pyrite and marcasite) and is also organically bound. Arsenic-bearing pyrite may be the dominant host of As in bituminous coals.
Concentration data for the 13 HAPs, obtained primarily by quantitative microanalysis techniques, are compiled for mineral and organic portions of coal. HAPs element concentrations are greatest in Fe-sulfides, and include maxima of 2,300 ppm (Co), 4,500ppm (Ni), 4.9wt.% (As), 2,000ppm (Se), 171 ppm (Hg), and 5,500ppm (Pb). Trace-element microanalysis is a significant refinement over bulk methods, and shows that there is considerable trace-element variation on a fine scale for a given coal, and from one coal to another.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/07349349808945578","usgsCitation":"Kolker, A., and Finkelman, R., 1998, Potentially hazardous elements in coal: Modes of occurrence and summary of concentration data for coal components: Coal Preparation, v. 19, no. 3-4, p. 133-157, https://doi.org/10.1080/07349349808945578.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"157","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231022,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7f7de4b0c8380cd7ab42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finkelman, Robert B.","contributorId":38138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finkelman","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[{"id":6643,"text":"University of California - Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":386165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020417,"text":"70020417 - 1998 - Kerogen maturation and incipient graphitization of hydrocarbon source rocks in the Arkoma Basin, Oklahoma and Arkansas: A combined petrographic and Raman spectrometric study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:45","indexId":"70020417","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kerogen maturation and incipient graphitization of hydrocarbon source rocks in the Arkoma Basin, Oklahoma and Arkansas: A combined petrographic and Raman spectrometric study","docAbstract":"Dispersed kerogen of the Woodford-Chattanooga and Atoka Formations from the subsurface of the Arkoma Basin show a wide range of thermal maturities (0.38 to 6.1% R(o)) indicating thermal conditions ranging from diagenesis to incipient rock metamorphism. Raman spectral analysis reveals systematic changes of both the first- and second-order spectrum with increasing thermal maturity. These changes include a pronounced increase in the D/O peak height ratio accompanied by a narrowing of the D peak, a gradual decrease in the D/O peak width ratio, and a shift of both peaks toward higher wave numbers. Second-order Raman peaks, though less intensive, also show systematic peak shifting as a function of R(o). These empirical results underscore the high potential of Raman spectrometry as a fast and reliable geothermometer of mature to supermature hydrocarbon source rocks, and as an indicator of thermal maturity levels within the anchizone.Dispersed kerogen of the Woodford-Chattanooga and Atoka Formations from the subsurface of the Arkoma Basin show a wide range of thermal maturities (0.38 to 6.1% Ro) indicating thermal conditions ranging from diagenesis to incipient rock metamorphism. Raman spectral analysis reveals systematic changes of both the first- and second-order spectrum with increasing thermal maturity. These changes include a pronounced increase in the D/O peak height ratio accompanied by a narrowing of the D peak, a gradual decrease in the D/O peak width ratio, and a shift of both peaks toward higher wave numbers. Second-order Raman peaks, though less intensive, also show systematic peak shifting as a function of Ro. These empirical results underscore the high potential of Raman spectrometry as a fast and reliable geothermometer of mature to supermature hydrocarbon source rocks, and as an indicator of thermal maturity levels within the anchizone.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Organic Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Sci Ltd","publisherLocation":"Exeter, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00021-7","issn":"01466380","usgsCitation":"Spotl, C., Houseknecht, D., and Jaques, R., 1998, Kerogen maturation and incipient graphitization of hydrocarbon source rocks in the Arkoma Basin, Oklahoma and Arkansas: A combined petrographic and Raman spectrometric study: Organic Geochemistry, v. 28, no. 9-10, p. 535-542, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00021-7.","startPage":"535","endPage":"542","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206868,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00021-7"},{"id":231020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4074e4b0c8380cd64d9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spotl, C.","contributorId":11342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spotl","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houseknecht, D.W. 0000-0002-9633-6910","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":33695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaques, R.C.","contributorId":63195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaques","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020340,"text":"70020340 - 1998 - The role of introduced species in the degradation of island ecosystems: A case history of guam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:44","indexId":"70020340","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":807,"text":"Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of introduced species in the degradation of island ecosystems: A case history of guam","docAbstract":"The accidental introduction of the brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis) on Guam around 1950 induced a cascade of extirpations that may be unprecedented among historical extinction events in taxonomic scope and severity. Birds, bats, and reptiles were affected, and by 1990 most forested areas on Guam retained only three native vertebrates, all of which were small lizards. Of the hypotheses to account for the severity of this extinction event, we find some support for the importance of lack of coevolution between introduced predator and prey, availability of alternate prey, extraordinary predatory capabilities of the snake, and vulnerabilities of the Guam ecosystem. In addition, there were important interactions among these factors, especially the presence of introduced prey (possessing coevolutionary experience) that were thus able to maintain their populations and provide alternate prey to the introduced predator while it was driving the native prey species to extinction. This complex of vulnerabilities is common on oceanic islands.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.113","issn":"00664162","usgsCitation":"Fritts, T.H., and Rodda, G., 1998, The role of introduced species in the degradation of island ecosystems: A case history of guam: Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, v. 29, p. 113-140, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.113.","startPage":"113","endPage":"140","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":503833,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zotero.org/groups/5435545/items/YRM4K76E","text":"External Repository"},{"id":231015,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206866,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.113"}],"volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf7be4b08c986b324817","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fritts, T. H.","contributorId":40147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"T.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020286,"text":"70020286 - 1998 - Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals: Report of the Subcommittee on Zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:19","indexId":"70020286","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1593,"text":"European Journal of Mineralogy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals: Report of the Subcommittee on Zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names","docAbstract":"This report embodies recommendations on zeolite nomenclature approved by the International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. In a working definition of a zeolite mineral used for this review, structures containing an interrupted containing an interrupted framework of tetrahedra are accepted where other zeolitic properties prevail, and complete substitution by elements other than Si and Al is alloowed. Separate species are recognized in topologically distinctive compositional series in which different extra-framework cations are the most abundant in atomic proportions. To name these, the appropriate chemical symbol is attached by a hyphen to the series name as a suffix, except for the names harmotome, pollucite and wairakite in the phillipsite and analcime series. Differences in space-group symmetry and in order-disorder relationships in zeolites having the same topologically distinctive framework do not in general provide adequate grounds for recognition of separate species. Zeolite species are not to be distinguished solely in Si:Al ratio except for heulandite (Si:Al < 4.0) and clinoptilolite (Si:Al ??? 4.0). Dehydration, partial hydration and over-hydration are not sufficient grounds for the recognition of separate species of zeolites. Use of the term 'ideal formula' should be avoided in referring to a simplified or averaged formula of zeolite. Newly recognized species in compositional series are as follows: brewsterite-Sr, -Ba; chabazite-Ca, -Na, -K; clinoptilolite-K, -Na, -Ca; dechiardite-Ca, -Na; erionite-Na, -K, -Ca,; faujasite-Na, -Ca, -Mg; ferrierite-Mg, -K, -Na; gmelinite-Na, -Ca, -K; heulandite-Ca, -Na, -K, -Sr; levyne-Ca, -Na; paulingite-K, -Ca; phillipsite-Na, -Ca, -K stilbite-Ca, -Na. Key references, type locality, origin of name, chemical data, IZA structure-type symbols, space-group symmetry, unit-cell dimensions, and comments on structure are listed for 13 compositional series, 82 accepted zeolite mineral species, and three of doubtful status. Herschelite, leonhardite, svetlozarite and wellsite are discredited as mineral species names. Obsolete and discredited names are listed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"European Journal of Mineralogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"09351221","usgsCitation":"Coombs, D., Alberti, A., Armbruster, T., Artioli, G., Colella, C., Galli, E., Grice, J.D., Liebau, F., Mandarino, J., Minato, H., Nickel, E., Passaglia, E., Peacor, D., Quartieri, S., Rinaldi, R., Ross, M., Sheppard, R., Tillmanns, E., and Vezzalini, G., 1998, Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals: Report of the Subcommittee on Zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names: European Journal of Mineralogy, v. 10, no. 5, p. 1037-1081.","startPage":"1037","endPage":"1081","numberOfPages":"45","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231437,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9694e4b0c8380cd8209a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coombs, D.S.","contributorId":77700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alberti, A.","contributorId":84109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alberti","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Armbruster, 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D.","contributorId":102210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grice","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Liebau, F.","contributorId":98498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liebau","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mandarino, J.A.","contributorId":58805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandarino","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Minato, H.","contributorId":10580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minato","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nickel, E.H.","contributorId":58421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nickel","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Passaglia, E.","contributorId":7451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passaglia","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Peacor, D.R.","contributorId":55970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacor","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Quartieri, S.","contributorId":47118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quartieri","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Rinaldi, R.","contributorId":23713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinaldi","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Ross, M.","contributorId":8026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Sheppard, R.A.","contributorId":22361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheppard","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Tillmanns, E.","contributorId":56830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillmanns","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Vezzalini, 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Most 36Cl in the hydrosphere originates from cosmic radiation interacting with atmospheric gases. Large amounts were also produced by testing thermonuclear devices during 1952–58. Because the monovalent anion, chloride, is the most common form of chlorine found in the hydrosphere and because it is extremely mobile in aqueous systems, analyses of both total Cl– as well as 36Cl have been important in numerous hydrologic studies. In almost all applications of 36Cl, a knowledge of the initial, or pre-anthropogenic, levels of 36Cl is useful, as well as essential in some cases. Standard approaches to the determination of initial values have been to: (a) calculate the theoretical cosmogenic production and fallout, which varies according to latitude; (b) measure 36Cl in present-day precipitation and assume that anthropogenic components can be neglected; (c) assume that shallow groundwater retains a record of the initial concentration; (d) extract 36Cl from vertical depth profiles in desert soils; (e) recover 36Cl from cores of glacial ice; and (f) calculate subsurface production of 36Cl for water that has been isolated from the atmosphere for more than one million years. The initial value from soil profiles and ice cores is taken as the value that occurs directly below the depth of the easily defined bomb peak. All six methods have serious weaknesses. Complicating factors include 36Cl concentrations not related to cosmogenic sources, changes in cosmogenic production with time, mixed sources of chloride in groundwater, melting and refreezing of water in glaciers, and seasonal groundwater recharge that does not contain average year-long concentrations of 36Cl.
Water samples were collected from 88 municipal wells throughout Iowa during the summer and were collected monthly at 12 stream sites in eastern Iowa from March to December 1996 to study the occurrence of the sulfonic and oxanilic metabolites of acetochlor, alachlor, and metolachlor. The sulfonic and oxanilic metabolites were present in almost 75% of the groundwater samples and were generally present from 3 to 45 times more frequently than their parent compounds. In groundwater, the median value of the summed concentrations of acetochlor, alachlor, and metolachlor was less than 0.05 μg/L, and the median value of the summed concentrations of the six metabolites was 1.2 μg/L. All surface water samples contained at least one detectable metabolite compound. Individual metabolites were detected from 2 to over 100 times more frequently than the parent compounds. In surface water, the median value of the summed concentrations of the three parent compounds was 0.13 μg/L, and the median value of the summed concentrations of the six metabolites was 6.4 μg/L. These data demonstrate the importance of analyzing both parent compounds and metabolites to more fully understand the environmental fate and transport of herbicides in the hydrologic system.
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dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferrer, I.","contributorId":97260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrer","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barcelo, D.","contributorId":24107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barcelo","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70020354,"text":"70020354 - 1998 - Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary transtension and strain partitioning in the Chugach Accretionary Complex, SE Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-20T19:55:50","indexId":"70020354","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2468,"text":"Journal of Structural Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary transtension and strain partitioning in the Chugach Accretionary Complex, SE Alaska","docAbstract":"Shear zones in the Late Cretaceous Sitka Graywacke of the Chugach accretionary complex in southeast Alaska record constrictional finite strains, with maximum principal s tretches plunging shallowly subparallel to strike of the shear zones. Macrostructural analysis indicates the finite strain formed during one deformation event. Microstructural analysis of the shear zones shows that this deformation is ductile, promoted mostly through deformation of low-strength lithic clasts and pressure solution. Kinematic indicators from some of the shear zones indicate dominantly dextral motion. Although multiple scenarios can explain constrictional finite strains in a shear zone, these dextral strike-slip shear zones must have experienced a component of extension across them in order to generate constrictional finite strains. Therefore, the shear zones are dextral transtensional shear zones, an uncommon tectinic regime in an accretionary complex. The transtensional shear zones reflect strike-slip motion related to partitioning of Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary right-oblique convergence between North America and the Farallon plate. The extensional component that was superposed on the strike-slip shear zones to generate transtension resulted from contemporaneous collapse of the forearc following thickening related to underplating.Shear zones in the Late Cretaceous Sitka Graywacke of the Chugach accretionary complex in southeast Alaska record constrictional finite strains, with maximum principal stretches plunging shallowy sub-parallel to strike of the shear zones. Macrostructural analysis indicates the finite strain formed during one deformation event. Microstructural analysis of the shear zones shows that this deformation is ductile, promoted mostly through deformation of low-strength lithic clasts and pressure solution. Kinematic indicators from some of the shear zones indicate dominantly dextral motion. Although multiple scenarios can explain constrictional finite strains in a shear zone, these dextral strike-slip shear zones must have experienced a component of extension across them in order to generate constrictional finite strains. Therefore, the shear zones are dextral transtensional shear zones, an uncommon tectonic regime in an accretionary complex. The transtensional shear zones reflect strike-slip motion related to partitioning of Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary right-oblique convergence between North America and the Farallon plate. The extensional component that was superposed on the strike-slip shear zones to generate transtension resulted from contemporaneous collapse of the forearc following thickening related to underplating.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Structural Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Sci Ltd","publisherLocation":"Exeter, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1016/S0191-8141(98)00001-7","issn":"01918141","usgsCitation":"Davis, J., Roeske, S.M., and Karl, S.M., 1998, Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary transtension and strain partitioning in the Chugach Accretionary Complex, SE Alaska: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 20, no. 5, p. 639-654, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8141(98)00001-7.","startPage":"639","endPage":"654","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206924,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8141(98)00001-7"}],"volume":"20","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44dce4b0c8380cd66e57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, J.S.","contributorId":47426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roeske, Sarah M.","contributorId":141228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roeske","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13721,"text":"Department of Geology, University of Califorina Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":385929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karl, Susan M. 0000-0003-1559-7826 skarl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1559-7826","contributorId":502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Susan","email":"skarl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020381,"text":"70020381 - 1998 - Geochemical surveillance of magmatic volatiles at Popocatepetl volcano, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-21T00:01:06.402467","indexId":"70020381","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical surveillance of magmatic volatiles at Popocatepetl volcano, Mexico","docAbstract":"Surveillance of Popocatépetl volcanic plume geochemistry and SO2 flux began in early 1994 after fumarolic and seismic activity increased significantly during 1993. Volatile traps placed around the summit were collected at near-monthly intervals until the volcano erupted on December 21, 1994. Additional trap samples were obtained in early 1996 before the volcano erupted again, emplacing a small dacite dome in the summit crater. Abundances of volatile constituents (ppm/day of Cl, Stotal, F, CO2, Hg, and As) varied, but most constituents were relatively high in early and late 1994. However, ratios of these constituents to Cl were highest in mid-1994. δ34S-Stotal in trap solutions ranged from 1.5‰ to 6.4‰; lowest values generally occurred during late 1994. δ13C-CO2 of trap solutions were greatly contaminated with atmospheric CO2 and affected by absorption kinetics. When trap data are combined with SO2 flux measurements made through November 1996, Popocatépetl released about 3.9 Mt SO2, 16 Mt CO2, 0.75 Mt HCl, 0.075 Mt HF, 260 t As, 2.6 t Hg, and roughly 200 Mt H2O. Near-vent gas concentrations in the volcanic plume measured by correlation spectrometer (COSPEC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) commonly exceed human recommended exposure limits and may constitute a potential health hazard. Volatile geochemistry combined with petrologic observations and melt-inclusion studies show that mafic magma injection into a preexisting silicic chamber has accompanied renewed volcanism at Popocatépetl. Minor assimilation of Cretaceous wall rocks probably occurred in mid-1994.