Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are found in almost all natural and synthetic materials and are commonly used in fuels, fuel additives, solvents, perfumes, flavor additives, and deodorants. Potential health hazards and environmental degradation resulting from the widespread use of VOCs has prompted increasing concern among scientists, industry, and the general public.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs19497","usgsCitation":"O’Brien, A.K., Reiser, R.G., and Gylling, H., 1997, Spatial variability of volatile organic compounds in streams on Long Island, New York, and in New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 194-97, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs19497.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117840,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0194/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34114,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0194/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, New York","otherGeospatial":"Long Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.82861328125,\n 41.05864414643029\n ],\n [\n -72.410888671875,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -73.1964111328125,\n 40.61812224225511\n ],\n [\n -73.9105224609375,\n 40.543026009954986\n ],\n [\n -73.948974609375,\n 40.38839687388361\n ],\n [\n -74.102783203125,\n 39.72831341029745\n ],\n [\n -74.3994140625,\n 39.342794408952386\n ],\n [\n -74.92675781249999,\n 38.882481197550774\n ],\n [\n -75.0146484375,\n 38.955137225429574\n ],\n [\n -74.90478515625,\n 39.172658670429946\n ],\n [\n -75.16845703124999,\n 39.1854331703021\n ],\n [\n -75.552978515625,\n 39.45316112807394\n ],\n [\n -75.5859375,\n 39.6437675734185\n ],\n [\n -75.465087890625,\n 39.78321267821705\n ],\n [\n -75.16845703124999,\n 39.918162846609455\n ],\n [\n -74.761962890625,\n 40.17887331434696\n ],\n [\n -75.0970458984375,\n 40.44694705960048\n ],\n [\n -75.223388671875,\n 40.57224011776902\n ],\n [\n -75.20690917968749,\n 40.77638178482896\n ],\n [\n -75.0970458984375,\n 40.88860081193033\n ],\n [\n -75.157470703125,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -74.92675781249999,\n 41.17451935556443\n ],\n [\n -74.827880859375,\n 41.33970040774419\n ],\n [\n -74.70703125,\n 41.372686481864655\n ],\n [\n -73.89404296875,\n 41.000629848685385\n ],\n [\n -73.948974609375,\n 40.78054143186031\n ],\n [\n -73.71826171874999,\n 40.89275342420696\n ],\n [\n -73.465576171875,\n 40.95915977213492\n ],\n [\n -73.2293701171875,\n 40.925964939514294\n ],\n [\n -73.1195068359375,\n 40.98819156349393\n ],\n [\n -72.6470947265625,\n 40.992337919312284\n ],\n [\n -72.366943359375,\n 41.17038447781618\n ],\n [\n -72.04833984375,\n 41.29431726315258\n ],\n [\n -71.82861328125,\n 41.05864414643029\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e66d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Brien, Anne K.","contributorId":52955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reiser, Robert G. 0000-0001-5140-2745 rreiser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5140-2745","contributorId":4083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reiser","given":"Robert","email":"rreiser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":153246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gylling, Helle","contributorId":66248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gylling","given":"Helle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":22668,"text":"ofr96457 - 1997 - Hydrogeologic-setting classification for Suffolk County, Long Island, New York, with results of selected aquifer-test analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-17T21:50:03.714995","indexId":"ofr96457","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-457","title":"Hydrogeologic-setting classification for Suffolk County, Long Island, New York, with results of selected aquifer-test analyses","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96457","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Cartwright, R., 1997, Hydrogeologic-setting classification for Suffolk County, Long Island, New York, with results of selected aquifer-test analyses: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-457, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96457.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":52130,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0457/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0457/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":393063,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19441.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Suffolk County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.5,\n 40.6\n ],\n [\n -71.75,\n 40.6\n ],\n [\n -71.75,\n 41.15\n ],\n [\n -73.5,\n 41.15\n ],\n [\n -73.5,\n 40.6\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db627858","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cartwright, Richard A.","contributorId":83147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cartwright","given":"Richard A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22422,"text":"ofr97806 - 1997 - Chemical and radiochemical constituents in water from wells in the vicinity of the Naval Reactors Facility, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1994-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:05","indexId":"ofr97806","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-806","title":"Chemical and radiochemical constituents in water from wells in the vicinity of the Naval Reactors Facility, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1994-95","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97806","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Bartholomay, R.C., Knobel, L., and Tucker, B., 1997, Chemical and radiochemical constituents in water from wells in the vicinity of the Naval Reactors Facility, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1994-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-806, iv, 70 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97806.","productDescription":"iv, 70 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0806/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51963,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0806/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e47e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomay, R. C.","contributorId":66271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knobel, L.L.","contributorId":83115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knobel","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tucker, B.J.","contributorId":42230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":23184,"text":"ofr97676 - 1997 - Basin geology of the Upper Santa Cruz Valley, Pima and Santa Cruz counties, southeastern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:02","indexId":"ofr97676","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-676","title":"Basin geology of the Upper Santa Cruz Valley, Pima and Santa Cruz counties, southeastern Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr97676","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Gettings, M.E., and Houser, B., 1997, Basin geology of the Upper Santa Cruz Valley, Pima and Santa Cruz counties, southeastern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-676, 40 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97676.","productDescription":"40 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0676/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52506,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0676/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640b9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gettings, M. E.","contributorId":25148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gettings","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houser, Brenda","contributorId":67516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houser","given":"Brenda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22764,"text":"ofr97631 - 1997 - Evaluation of geophysical logs, Phase I, at Willow Grove Naval Air Station, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-07T07:46:08","indexId":"ofr97631","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-631","title":"Evaluation of geophysical logs, Phase I, at Willow Grove Naval Air Station, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Between April and June 1997, the U.S. Navy contracted Brown and Root Environmental, Inc., to drill 20 monitor wells at the Willow Grove Naval Air Station in Horsham Township, Montgomery County, Pa. The wells were installed to monitor water levels and allow collection of water samples from shallow, intermediate, and deep water-bearing zones. Analysis of the samples will determine the horizontal and vertical distribution of any contaminated ground water migrating from known contaminant sources. Eight wells were drilled near the Fire Training Area (Site 5), five wells near the 9th Street Landfill (Site 3), four wells at the Antenna Field Landfill (Site 2), and three wells near Privet Road Compound (Site 1). Depths range from 73 to 167 feet below land surface. \r\n\r\n The U.S. Geological Survey conducted borehole-geophysical and borehole-video logging to identify water-bearing zones so that appropriate intervals could be screened in each monitor well. Geophysical logs were run on the 20 monitor wells and 1 existing well. Video logs were run on 16 wells. \r\n\r\n Caliper and video logs were used to locate fractures, inflections on fluid-temperature and fluid-resistivity logs were used to locate possible water-bearing fractures, and flowmeter measurements verified these locations. Single-point-resistance and natural-gamma logs provided information on stratigraphy. After interpretation of geophysical logs, video logs, and driller's notes, all wells were screened such that water-level fluctuations could be monitored and discrete water samples collected from one or more shallow and intermediate water-bearing zones in each borehole.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97631","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Conger, R., 1997, Evaluation of geophysical logs, Phase I, at Willow Grove Naval Air Station, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-631, v, 49 p. :ill., col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97631.","productDescription":"v, 49 p. :ill., col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0631/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52199,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0631/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fad9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conger, R.W.","contributorId":16046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conger","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22961,"text":"ofr97557 - 1997 - Flood of July 9-11, 1993, in the Raccoon River basin, west-central Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-21T16:09:59","indexId":"ofr97557","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-557","title":"Flood of July 9-11, 1993, in the Raccoon River basin, west-central Iowa","docAbstract":"Water-surface-elevation profiles and peak discharges for the flood of July 9-11, 1993, in the Raccoon River Basin, west-central Iowa, are presented in this report. The profiles illustrate the 1993 flood along the Raccoon, North Raccoon, South Raccoon, and Middle Raccoon Rivers and along Brushy and Storm Creeks in the west-central Iowa counties of Carroll, Dallas, Greene, Guthrie, and Polk. Water-surface-elevation profiles for the floods of June 1947, March 1979, and June 29- July 1, 1986, in the Raccoon River Basin also are included in the report for comparative purposes. The July 9-11, 1993, flood is the largest known peak discharge at gaging stations Brushy Creek near Templeton (station number 05483318) 19,000 cubic feet per second, Middle Raccoon River near Bayard (station number 05483450) 27,500 cubic feet per second, Middle Raccoon River at Panora (station number 05483600) 22,400 cubic feet per second, South Raccoon River at Redfield (station number 05484000) 44,000 cubic feet per second, and Raccoon River at Van Meter (station number 05484500) 70,100 cubic feet per second. The peak discharges were, respectively, 1.5, 1.3, 1.1,1.2, and 1.3 times larger than calculated 100-year recurrence-interval discharges. The report provides information on flood stages and discharges and floodflow frequencies for streamflow-gaging stations in the Raccoon River Basin using flood information collected through 1996. A flood history summarizes rainfall conditions and damages for floods that occurred during 1947, 1958, 1979, 1986, 1990, and 1993. Information on temporary bench marks and reference points established in the Raccoon River Basin during 1976-79 and 1995-97 also is included in the report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City, IA","doi":"10.3133/ofr97557","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Highway Research Board and the Project Development Division of the Iowa Department of Transportation (Iowa DOT Research Project HR-140)","usgsCitation":"Eash, D.A., and Koppensteiner, B., 1997, Flood of July 9-11, 1993, in the Raccoon River basin, west-central Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-557, v, 117 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97557.","productDescription":"v, 117 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155807,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0557/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52360,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0557/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Raccoon River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.603515625,\n 41.580525125613846\n ],\n [\n -93.6859130859375,\n 41.529141988723104\n ],\n [\n -93.7957763671875,\n 41.50446357504806\n ],\n [\n -93.9276123046875,\n 41.498292501398545\n ],\n [\n -94.04296874999999,\n 41.50446357504806\n ],\n [\n -94.17755126953125,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -94.2681884765625,\n 41.55175560133366\n ],\n [\n -94.38079833984375,\n 41.588742636696765\n ],\n [\n -94.46868896484375,\n 41.64213096472801\n ],\n [\n -94.5867919921875,\n 41.75492216766298\n ],\n [\n -94.63348388671875,\n 41.79384042311992\n ],\n [\n -94.72961425781249,\n 41.949277245116576\n ],\n [\n -94.8394775390625,\n 42.039094188385945\n ],\n [\n -94.910888671875,\n 42.07783959017503\n ],\n [\n -94.921875,\n 42.1104489601222\n ],\n [\n -95.0262451171875,\n 42.20614200929954\n ],\n [\n -95.07843017578125,\n 42.30575300304638\n ],\n [\n -95.13885498046875,\n 42.405206634470694\n ],\n [\n -95.14434814453125,\n 42.474122772511485\n ],\n [\n -95.185546875,\n 42.577354839557856\n ],\n [\n -95.26519775390625,\n 42.60768474453004\n ],\n [\n -95.29541015625,\n 42.66022161324799\n ],\n [\n -95.28717041015625,\n 42.70262285884391\n ],\n [\n -95.22674560546875,\n 42.67637788071963\n ],\n [\n -95.15808105468749,\n 42.67031977251908\n ],\n [\n -95.16632080078124,\n 42.706659563510385\n ],\n [\n -95.152587890625,\n 42.75709622397268\n ],\n [\n -95.0701904296875,\n 42.77322729247907\n ],\n [\n -94.976806640625,\n 42.82360980730198\n ],\n [\n -94.88616943359375,\n 42.83569550641454\n ],\n [\n -94.86968994140624,\n 42.873951296240556\n ],\n [\n -94.8504638671875,\n 42.894076403348976\n ],\n [\n -94.8284912109375,\n 42.871938424448466\n ],\n [\n -94.81475830078124,\n 42.84173746978783\n ],\n [\n -94.74334716796875,\n 42.85180609584705\n ],\n [\n -94.71313476562499,\n 42.819580715795915\n ],\n [\n -94.71588134765625,\n 42.77725940328745\n ],\n [\n -94.71313476562499,\n 42.736926481692684\n ],\n [\n -94.68017578125,\n 42.69454866207692\n ],\n [\n -94.67742919921875,\n 42.65012181368025\n ],\n [\n -94.6966552734375,\n 42.589488572714245\n ],\n [\n -94.6856689453125,\n 42.52879629320373\n ],\n [\n -94.56207275390625,\n 42.50450285299051\n ],\n [\n -94.48516845703125,\n 42.474122772511485\n ],\n [\n -94.38629150390624,\n 42.437647200108685\n ],\n [\n -94.33959960937499,\n 42.407234661551875\n ],\n [\n -94.25445556640625,\n 42.409262623071186\n ],\n [\n -94.19128417968749,\n 42.38898005764399\n ],\n [\n -94.141845703125,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -94.1693115234375,\n 42.28950073090457\n ],\n [\n -94.1748046875,\n 42.198003553927606\n ],\n [\n -94.2022705078125,\n 42.13693172716149\n ],\n [\n -94.185791015625,\n 42.08395512413707\n ],\n [\n -94.15557861328125,\n 42.02685388718981\n ],\n [\n -94.1253662109375,\n 41.9942015603157\n ],\n [\n -94.07318115234375,\n 41.96970131621062\n ],\n [\n -94.02099609375,\n 41.90840946591109\n ],\n [\n -93.97979736328125,\n 41.83068856472101\n ],\n [\n -93.94683837890625,\n 41.72828028223453\n ],\n [\n -93.91937255859375,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -93.8616943359375,\n 41.74467659677642\n ],\n [\n -93.80950927734374,\n 41.71598029940931\n ],\n [\n -93.77655029296875,\n 41.6872711837914\n ],\n [\n -93.71063232421875,\n 41.66675682554943\n ],\n [\n -93.66943359374999,\n 41.62776153144345\n ],\n [\n -93.603515625,\n 41.580525125613846\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5eedba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eash, D. 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H.","contributorId":100860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambing","given":"J. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Axtmann, E.V.","contributorId":30652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Axtmann","given":"E.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":29154,"text":"wri974152 - 1997 - Spring contributions to water quantity and nitrate loads in the Suwannee River during base flow in July 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-18T20:39:17.241338","indexId":"wri974152","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4152","title":"Spring contributions to water quantity and nitrate loads in the Suwannee River during base flow in July 1995","docAbstract":"The Suwannee River flows through an area of north-central Florida where ground water has elevated nitrate concentrations. A study was conducted to determine how springs and other ground-water inflow affect the quantity and quality of water in the Suwannee River. The study was done on a 33-mile (mi) reach of the lower Suwannee River from just downstream of Dowling Park, Fla., to Branford, Fla. Water samples for nitrate concentrations (dissolved nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen) and discharge data were collected at 11 springs and 3 river sites during the 3-day period in July 1995 during base flow in the river. \r\n\r\nIn the study reach, all inflow to the river is derived from ground water. Measured springs and other ground-water inflow, such as unmeasured springs and upward diffuse leakage through the riverbed, increased the river discharge 47 percent over the 33-mi reach. The 11 measured springs contributed 41 percent of the increased discharge and other ground-water inflow contributed the remaining 59 percent. River nitrate loads increased downstream from 2,300 to 6,000 kilograms per day (kg/d), an increase of 160 percent in the 33-mi study reach. Measured springs contributed 46 percent of this increase and other ground-water inflow contributed the remaining 54 percent. \r\n\r\nThe study reach was divided at Luraville, Fla., into an 11-mi upper segment and a 22-mi lower segment to determine whether the ground-water inflows and nitrate concentrations were uniform throughout the entire study reach (fig. 1). The two segments were dissimilar. The amount of water added to the river by measured springs more than tripled from the upper to the lower segment. Even though the median nitrate concentration for the three springs in the upper segment (1.7 milligrams per liter (mg/L)) was similar to the median for the eight springs in the lower segment (1.8 mg/L), nitrate concentrations in the river almost doubled from 0.46 to 0.83 mg/L in the lower segment. Only 11 percent of the increase in nitrate load for the study reach occurred in the upper segment; the remaining 89 percent occurred in the lower segment. Measured springs were the major source of nitrate load in the upper reach and other ground-water inflow was the major source in the lower segment. \r\n\r\nDifferences in nitrate loads between the upper and lower river segments are probably controlled by such factors as differences in the magnitude of the spring discharges, the size and location of spring basins, and the hydrologic characteristics of ground water in the study area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974152","usgsCitation":"Pittman, J.R., Hatzell, H.H., and Oaksford, E., 1997, Spring contributions to water quantity and nitrate loads in the Suwannee River during base flow in July 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4152, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974152.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":58028,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4152/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4152/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":391883,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48768.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Suwannee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.25,\n 29.9444\n ],\n [\n -82.9167,\n 29.9444\n ],\n [\n -82.9167,\n 30.25\n ],\n [\n -83.25,\n 30.25\n ],\n [\n -83.25,\n 29.9444\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4814e4b07f02db4db248","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pittman, J. R.","contributorId":71571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pittman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatzell, H. H.","contributorId":7732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatzell","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oaksford, E. T.","contributorId":64284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oaksford","given":"E. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28563,"text":"wri974142 - 1997 - Snow and ice volume on Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska, 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:52","indexId":"wri974142","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4142","title":"Snow and ice volume on Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska, 1981","docAbstract":"Mount Spurr (3,374 meters altitude) is an active volcano 130 kilometers west of Anchorage, Alaska, with an extensive covering of seasonal and perennial snow, and glaciers. Knowledge of the volume and distribution of snow and ice on a volcano aids in assessing hydrologic hazards such as floods, mudflows, and debris flows. \r\n\r\nIn July 1981, ice thickness was measured at 68 locations on the five main glaciers of Mount Spurr: 64 of these measurements were made using a portable 1.7 megahertz monopulse ice-radar system, and 4 measurements were made using the helicopter altimeter where the glacier bed was exposed by ice avalanching. The distribution of snow and ice derived from these measurements is depicted on contour maps and in tables compiled by altitude and by drainage basins. \r\n\r\nBasal shear stresses at 20 percent of the measured locations ranged from 200 to 350 kilopascals, which is significantly higher than the 50 to 150 kilopascals commonly referred to in the literature as the 'normal' range for glaciers. Basal shear stresses higher than 'normal' have also been found on steep glaciers on volcanoes in the Cascade Range in the western United States. \r\n\r\nThe area of perennial snow and ice coverage on Mount Spurr was 360 square kilometers in 1981, with an average thickness of 190?50 meters. Seasonal snow increases the volume about 1 percent and increases the area about 30 percent with a maximum in May or June. Runoff from Mount Spurr feeds the Chakachatna River and the Chichantna River (a tributary of the Beluga River). The Chakachatna River drainage contains 14 cubic kilometers of snow and ice and the Chichantna River drainage contains 53 cubic kilometers. \r\n\r\nThe snow and ice volume on the mountain was 67?17 cubic kilometers, approximately 350 times more snow and ice than was on Mount St. Helens before its May 18, 1980, eruption, and 15 times more snow and ice than on Mount Rainier, the most glacierized of the measured volcanoes in the Cascade Range. On the basis of these relative quantities, hazard-producing glaciovolcanic phenomena at Mount Spurr could be significantly greater than similar phenomena at Cascade Volcanoes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974142","usgsCitation":"March, R.S., Mayo, L.R., and Trabant, D.C., 1997, Snow and ice volume on Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska, 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4142, vi, 36 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974142.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159642,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4142/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57392,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4142/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57393,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4142/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57394,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4142/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f0e4b07f02db5edea0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"March, Rod S. rsmarch@usgs.gov","contributorId":416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"March","given":"Rod","email":"rsmarch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":200032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayo, Lawrence R.","contributorId":98344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayo","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trabant, Dennis C.","contributorId":13965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trabant","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":23779,"text":"ofr97575 - 1997 - 1997 floods in the Red River of the North and Missouri River basins in North Dakota and western Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-31T20:37:37.752028","indexId":"ofr97575","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-575","title":"1997 floods in the Red River of the North and Missouri River basins in North Dakota and western Minnesota","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97575","usgsCitation":"Macek-Rowland, K., 1997, 1997 floods in the Red River of the North and Missouri River basins in North Dakota and western Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-575, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97575.","productDescription":"8 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406038,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18817.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":53009,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0575/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0575/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Red River of the North and Missouri River basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104,\n 45.44\n ],\n [\n -94,\n 45.44\n ],\n [\n -94,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 45.44\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4919e4b0b290850eee25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macek-Rowland, K. M.","contributorId":44175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macek-Rowland","given":"K. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44546,"text":"wri974237 - 1997 - Geodetic network to evaluate historical elevation changes and to monitor land subsidence in lower Coachella Valley, California, 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:52","indexId":"wri974237","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4237","title":"Geodetic network to evaluate historical elevation changes and to monitor land subsidence in lower Coachella Valley, California, 1996","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri974237","usgsCitation":"Ikehara, M.E., Predmore, S.K., and Swope, D.J., 1997, Geodetic network to evaluate historical elevation changes and to monitor land subsidence in lower Coachella Valley, California, 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4237, 1 map : col. ; 57 x 63 cm., on sheet 79 x 152 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974237.","productDescription":"1 map : col. ; 57 x 63 cm., on sheet 79 x 152 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":135021,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81928,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4237/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a9dac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ikehara, Marti E.","contributorId":53757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ikehara","given":"Marti","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Predmore, Steven K. spredmor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Predmore","given":"Steven","email":"spredmor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":229975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swope, Daniel J.","contributorId":40958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swope","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":23746,"text":"ofr97566 - 1997 - Ground-water, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona, 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:15","indexId":"ofr97566","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-566","title":"Ground-water, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona, 1996","docAbstract":"The Black Mesa monitoring program is designed to document long-term effects of ground-water pumping from the N aquifer by industrial and municipal users. The N aquifer is the major source of water in the 5,400-square-mile Black Mesa area, and the ground water occurs under confined and unconfined conditions. Monitoring activities include continuous and periodic measurements of (1) ground-water pumpage from the confined and unconfined parts of the aquifer, (2) ground-water levels in the confined and unconfined areas of the aquifer, (3) surface-water discharge, and (4) chemistry of the ground water and surface water. In 1996, ground-water withdrawals for industrial and municipal use totaled about 7,040 acre-feet, which is less than a 1-percent decrease from 1995. Pumpage from the confined part of the aquifer decreased by about 3 percent to 5,390 acre-feet, and pumpage from the unconfined part of the aquifer increased by about 9 percent to 1,650 acre-feet. Water-level declines in the confined area during 1996 were recorded in 11 of 13 wells, and the median change was a decline of about 2.7 feet as opposed to a decline of 1.8 feet for 1995. Water-level declines in the unconfined area were recorded in 11 of 18 wells, and the median change was a decline of 0.5 foot in 1996 as opposed to a decline of 0.1 foot in 1995. The average low-flow discharge at the Moenkopi streamflow-gaging station was 2.3 cubic feet per second in 1996. Streamflow-discharge measurements also were made at Laguna Creek, Dinnebito Wash, and Polacca Wash during 1996. Average low-flow discharge was 2.3 cubic feet per second at Laguna Creek, 0.4 cubic foot per second at Dinnebito Wash, and 0.2 cubic foot per second at Polacca Wash. Discharge was measured at three springs. Discharge from Moenkopi School Spring decreased by about 2 gallons per minute from the measurement in 1995. Discharge from an unnamed spring near Dennehotso decreased by 1.3 gallons per minute from the measurement made in 1995; however, discharge increased slightly at Burro Spring. Regionally, long-term water-chemistry data for wells and springs have remained stable.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97566","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Littin, G.R., and Monroe, S.A., 1997, Ground-water, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona, 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-566, iv, 27 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97566.","productDescription":"iv, 27 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156839,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0566/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52980,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0566/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e480fe4b07f02db4d6d1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Littin, Gregory R. grlittin@usgs.gov","contributorId":1732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Littin","given":"Gregory","email":"grlittin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":190644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Monroe, Stephen A.","contributorId":103313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monroe","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":23297,"text":"ofr97568 - 1997 - Report of the River Master of the Delaware River; for the period December 1, 1994-November 30, 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:03","indexId":"ofr97568","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-568","title":"Report of the River Master of the Delaware River; for the period December 1, 1994-November 30, 1995","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97568","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Harkness, W.E., Krejmas, B., Carswell, W.J., and Wood, C.R., 1997, Report of the River Master of the Delaware River; for the period December 1, 1994-November 30, 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-568, v, 88 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97568.","productDescription":"v, 88 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0568/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52586,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0568/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ae4b07f02db630944","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harkness, W. E.","contributorId":19176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harkness","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krejmas, B. E.","contributorId":88374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krejmas","given":"B. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carswell, W. J. Jr.","contributorId":102447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wood, C. R.","contributorId":100386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":23236,"text":"ofr97710 - 1997 - Geology of the southernmost part of Santa Clara County, California: A digital database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-17T21:32:14.072717","indexId":"ofr97710","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-710","title":"Geology of the southernmost part of Santa Clara County, California: A digital database","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97710","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Graymer, R., 1997, Geology of the southernmost part of Santa Clara County, California: A digital database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-710, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97710.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1384,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/of97-710/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":393061,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22995.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Clara County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.7306,\n 36.894\n ],\n [\n -121.217,\n 36.894\n ],\n [\n -121.217,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -121.7306,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -121.7306,\n 36.894\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graymer, R. W.","contributorId":21174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graymer","given":"R. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31647,"text":"ofr97642 - 1997 - Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:12","indexId":"ofr97642","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-642","title":"Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May 1997","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr97642","usgsCitation":"Metz, P.A., Mattie, J.A., Torres, A.E., and Corral, M.A., 1997, Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-642, 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:500,000 (1 inch = about 8 miles). , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97642.","productDescription":"1 over-size sheet, scale 1:500,000 (1 inch = about 8 miles). ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":59865,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0642/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"500000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db6824ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metz, P. A.","contributorId":68706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metz","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mattie, J. A.","contributorId":86392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattie","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Torres, A. E.","contributorId":94350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Corral, M. A.","contributorId":25201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corral","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":28928,"text":"wri974061 - 1997 - Water-quality trends for streams and reservoirs in the Research Triangle area of North Carolina, 1983-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T09:23:36","indexId":"wri974061","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4061","title":"Water-quality trends for streams and reservoirs in the Research Triangle area of North Carolina, 1983-95","docAbstract":"Water-quality and streamflow monitoring data, collected from 1983 to 1995, were analyzed for 34 stream and reservoir sites in a seven- county region within the upper Neuse and upper Cape Fear River Basins. Early data (1983-88) were compiled from U.S. Geological Survey water- quality studies and from the ambient water-quality monitoring network of the North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources. Analyses of major ions, nutrients, metals, trace elements, and synthetic organic compounds were compiled from samples collected by the U.S. Geological Survey from 1988 to 1995 as part of a continuing project to monitor the water quality of surface-water supplies in the Research Triangle area of North Carolina, and from the North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources ambient water-quality monitoring network.\r\n\r\nThis report presents the results of analysis of consistently increasing or decreasing trends in concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus species, suspended sediment, suspended solids, sodium, chloride, iron, manganese, zinc, and chlorophyll a from seasonal Kendall trend analysis on flow-adjusted concentrations for streams and concentrations in lakes. Total phosphorus concentrations also were tested for a step decrease in concentration (step trend) associated with the North Carolina phosphate-detergent ban of 1988. For some other constituents, insufficient data or values below laboratory detection limits precluded trend analysis.\r\n\r\nA regionwide decrease in total phosphorus, ranging from 25 to 81 percent was observed that coincided with increased phosphorus removal efforts at municipal wastewater-treatment facilities in the region and the statewide phosphate-detergent ban. Most sites had stable or decreasing trends in nitrogen concentrations; however, increasing trends occurred in the Neuse River near Clayton and at Smithfield, both of which are downstream from the developing Raleigh-Durham area. Chlorophyll a concentrations have increased by 17 to 52 percent per year at monitored reservoirs, except at Cane Creek Reservoir and Lake Michie where there was no trend. No significant trends in suspended- sediment concentrations were observed. Long-term sodium concentrations were available for only a few sites. Of these, decreasing concentrations were observed in the Neuse River at Smithfield and Cane Creek near Orange Grove, and an increasing concentration was observed in University Lake. At most sites, concentrations of manganese, iron, and zinc were stable. Decreasing iron trends were observed in Little River and Cane Creek Reservoirs and Lake Michie. Cane Creek Reservoir also had a decreasing manganese trend. Severn sites, all downstream from wastewater-treatment facilities, were analyzed for zinc trends. A decreasing trend was observed in two of these--Knap of Reeds Creek and Little Lick Creek.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974061","usgsCitation":"Childress, C., and Bathala, N., 1997, Water-quality trends for streams and reservoirs in the Research Triangle area of North Carolina, 1983-95: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4061, 18 p. :ill. (some col.), col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974061.","productDescription":"18 p. :ill. 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C.J.","contributorId":88734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childress","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bathala, Neeti","contributorId":60274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bathala","given":"Neeti","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70019456,"text":"70019456 - 1997 - Dynamic deformations and the M6.7, Northridge, California earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-15T16:23:23.977686","indexId":"70019456","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3418,"text":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamic deformations and the M6.7, Northridge, California earthquake","docAbstract":"A method of estimating the complete time-varying dynamic formation field from commonly available three-component single station seismic data has been developed and applied to study the relationship between dynamic deformation and ground failures and structural damage using observations from the 1994 Northridge, California earthquake. Estimates from throughout the epicentral region indicate that the horizontal strains exceed the vertical ones by more than a factor of two. The largest strains (exceeding ∼100 pstrain) correlate with regions of greatest ground failure. There is a poor correlation between structural damage and peak strain amplitudes. The smallest strains,∼35 pstrain, are estimated in regions of no damage or ground failure. Estimates in the two regions with most severe and well mapped permanent deformation, Potrero Canyon and the Granada-Mission Hills regions, exhibit the largest strains; peak horizontal strains estimates in these regions equal ∼1351 and ∼229 μstrain respectively. Of note, the dynamic principal strain axes have strikers consistent with the permanent failure features suggesting that, while gravity, sub-surface materials, and hydrologic conditions undoubtedly played fundamental roles in determining where and what types of failures occurred, the dynamic deformation field may have been favorably sized and oriented to initiate failure processes. These results support other studies that conclude that the permanent deformation resulted from ground shaking, rather than from static strains associated with primary or secondary faulting. They also suggest that such an analysis, either using data or theoretical calculations, may enable observations of paleo-ground failure to be used as quantitative constraints on the size and geometry of previous earthquakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0267-7261(97)00011-0","issn":"02677261","usgsCitation":"Gomberg, J.S., 1997, Dynamic deformations and the M6.7, Northridge, California earthquake: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, v. 16, no. 7-8, p. 471-494, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0267-7261(97)00011-0.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"471","endPage":"494","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226836,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Northridge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.63912192273753,\n 34.31335236387632\n ],\n [\n -118.63912192273753,\n 34.158572942513956\n ],\n [\n -118.46109137594402,\n 34.158572942513956\n ],\n [\n -118.46109137594402,\n 34.31335236387632\n ],\n [\n -118.63912192273753,\n 34.31335236387632\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0424e4b0c8380cd507e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomberg, Joan S. 0000-0002-0134-2606 gomberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0134-2606","contributorId":1269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"Joan","email":"gomberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":382794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24936,"text":"ofr97459 - 1997 - Preliminary geologic map of the Newbury Park 7.5' quadrangle, Southern California: A digital database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-13T14:20:05","indexId":"ofr97459","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-459","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Newbury Park 7.5' quadrangle, Southern California: A digital database","docAbstract":"This Open-File report is a digital geologic map database. This pamphlet serves to introduce and describe the digital data. There is no paper map included in the Open-File report. This digital map database is compiled from previously published sources combined with some new mapping and modifications in nomenclature. The geologic map database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U. S. Geological Survey. For detailed descriptions of the units, their stratigraphic relations, sources of geologic mapping, and data on exploratory wells consult Yerkes and Campbell (1997), and Yerkes and Showalter (1990). More specific information about the units may be available in the original sources.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr97459","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R.F., and Campbell, R.H., 1997, Preliminary geologic map of the Newbury Park 7.5' quadrangle, Southern California: A digital database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-459, Report: 11 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97459.","productDescription":"Report: 11 p.; Downloads Directory","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280301,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/"},{"id":280302,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/pdf/of1997-0459.pdf"},{"id":280303,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/import.aml"},{"id":280304,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/nb-topo.e00.gz"},{"id":280305,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/nb-foss.e00.gz"},{"id":280306,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/nb-wells.e00.gz"},{"id":280307,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/nb-strc.e00.gz"},{"id":280308,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/nb-geol.e00.gz"},{"id":280309,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/newbry.tar.gz"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67af80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R. F.","contributorId":24754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, R. H.","contributorId":52160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29629,"text":"wri964265 - 1997 - Urbanization and recharge in the vicinity of East Meadow Brook, Nassau County, New York: Part 3 — Ground-water levels and flow conditions, 1988-93","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-03T19:20:29.282686","indexId":"wri964265","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4265","title":"Urbanization and recharge in the vicinity of East Meadow Brook, Nassau County, New York: Part 3 — Ground-water levels and flow conditions, 1988-93","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964265","usgsCitation":"Scorca, M., and Fu, H.F., 1997, Urbanization and recharge in the vicinity of East Meadow Brook, Nassau County, New York: Part 3 — Ground-water levels and flow conditions, 1988-93: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4265, iv, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964265.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393770,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48592.htm"},{"id":58449,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4265/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4265/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Nassau County","otherGeospatial":"East Meadow Brook","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.64410400390625,\n 40.62437645591559\n ],\n [\n -73.49372863769531,\n 40.62437645591559\n ],\n [\n -73.49372863769531,\n 40.7737818731648\n ],\n [\n -73.64410400390625,\n 40.7737818731648\n ],\n [\n -73.64410400390625,\n 40.62437645591559\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db60525b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scorca, M. P.","contributorId":21997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scorca","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fu, H. F.","contributorId":50944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fu","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28243,"text":"wri974138 - 1997 - Changes in bottom-surface elevations in three reservoirs on the lower Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania and Maryland, following the January 1996 flood — Implications for nutrient and sediment loads to Chesapeake Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-21T21:16:05.395063","indexId":"wri974138","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4138","title":"Changes in bottom-surface elevations in three reservoirs on the lower Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania and Maryland, following the January 1996 flood — Implications for nutrient and sediment loads to Chesapeake Bay","docAbstract":"The Susquehanna River drains about 27,510 square miles in New York, Pennsylvania, and Maryland, contributes nearly 50 percent of the freshwater discharge to the Chesapeake Bay, and contributes nearly 66 percent of the annual nitrogen load, 40 percent of the phosphorus load, and 25 percent of the suspended-sediment load from non-tidal parts of the Bay during a year of average streamflow. A reservoir system formed by three hydroelectric dams on the lower Susquehanna River is currently trapping a major part of the phosphorus and suspended-sediment loads from the basin and, to a lesser extent, the nitrogen loads.
In the summer of 1996, the U. S. Geological Survey collected bathymetric data along 64 cross sections and 40 bottom-sediment samples along 14 selected cross sections in the lower Susquehanna River reservoir system to determine the remaining sediment-storage capacity, refine the current estimate of when the system may reach sediment-storage capacity, document changes in the reservoir system after the January 1996 flood, and determine the remaining nutrient mass in Conowingo Reservoir. Results from the 1996 survey indicate an estimated total of 14,800,000 tons of sediment were scoured from the reservoir system from 1993 (date of previous bathymetric survey) through 1996. This includes the net sediment change of 4,700,000 tons based on volume change in the reservoir system computed from the 1993 and 1996 surveys, the 6,900,000 tons of sediment deposited from 1993 through 1996, and the 3,200,000 tons of sediment transported into the reservoir system during the January 1996 flood. The January 1996 flood, which exceeded a 100-year recurrence interval, scoured about the same amount of sediment that normally would be deposited in the reservoir system during a 4- to 6-year period.
Concentrations of total nitrogen in bottom sediments in the Conowingo Reservoir ranged from 1,500 to 6,900 mg/kg (milligrams per kilogram); 75 percent of the concentrations were between 3,000 and 5,000 mg/kg. About 96 percent of the concentrations of total nitrogen consisted of organic nitrogen. Concentrations of total phosphorus in bottom sediments ranged from 286 to 1,390 mg/kg. About 84 percent of the concentrations of total phosphorus were comprised of inorganic phosphorus. The ratio of concentrations of plant-available phosphorus to concentrations of total phosphorus ranged from 0.6 to 3.5 percent; ratios generally decreased in a downstream direction.
About 29,000 acre-feet, or 42,000,000 tons, of sediment can be deposited before Conowingo Reservoir reaches sediment-storage capacity. Assuming the average annual sediment-deposition rate remains unchanged and no scour occurs due to floods, the reservoir system could reach sediment-storage capacity in about 17 years. The reservoir system currently is trapping about 2 percent of the nitrogen, 45 percent of the phosphorus, and 70 percent of the suspended sediment transported by the river to the upper Chesapeake Bay. Once the reservoir reaches sediment-storage capacity, an estimated 250-percent increase in the current annual loads of suspended sediment, a 2-percent increase in the current annual loads of total nitrogen, and a 70-percent increase in the current annual loads of total phosphorus from the Susquehanna River to Chesapeake Bay can be expected. If the goal of a 40-percent reduction in controllable phosphorus load from the Susquehanna River Basin is met before the reservoirs reach sediment-storage capacity, the 40-percent reduction goal will probably be exceeded when the reservoir system reaches sediment-storage capacity.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri974138","usgsCitation":"Langland, M.J., and Hainly, R.A., 1997, Changes in bottom-surface elevations in three reservoirs on the lower Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania and Maryland, following the January 1996 flood — Implications for nutrient and sediment loads to Chesapeake Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4138, Report: vi, 34 p.; 3 Plates: 24.75 x 31.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974138.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 34 p.; 3 Plates: 24.75 x 31.00 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":57070,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4138/wri19974138.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 1997-4138"},{"id":365710,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4138/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":365709,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4138/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":365708,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4138/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":394723,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48757.htm"},{"id":124979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4138/coverthb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Susquehanna River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.5966796875,\n 39.65328414777011\n ],\n [\n -76.08993530273438,\n 39.65328414777011\n ],\n [\n -76.08993530273438,\n 40.07491896000657\n ],\n [\n -76.5966796875,\n 40.07491896000657\n ],\n [\n -76.5966796875,\n 39.65328414777011\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964318","usgsCitation":"Olimpio, J.R., and Mullaney, J.R., 1997, Geohydrology and water quality of stratified-drift aquifers in the Upper Connecticut and Androscoggin River basins, northern New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4318, Report: vi, 161 p.; 8 Plates: 49.00 x 27.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964318.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 161 p.; 8 Plates: 49.00 x 27.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":57818,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4318/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57817,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4318/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57816,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4318/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57815,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4318/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57814,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4318/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57813,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4318/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57812,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4318/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57811,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4318/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57810,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4318/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123242,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4318/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":411811,"rank":11,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48634.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"Upper Connecticut and Androscoggin River basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.0122,\n 45.3072\n ],\n [\n -71.6461,\n 45.3072\n ],\n [\n -71.6461,\n 44.25\n ],\n [\n -71.0122,\n 44.25\n ],\n [\n -71.0122,\n 45.3072\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8b7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olimpio, J. 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