The Edwards aquifer supplies drinking water for more than 1 million people in south-central Texas. The saline-water zone of the Edwards aquifer extends from the downdip limit of freshwater to the southern and eastern edge of the Stuart City Formation. Water samples from 16 wells in the Edwards aquifer saline-water zone were collected during July–September 1990 and analyzed for major and minor dissolved constituents, selected stable isotopes, and radioisotopes. These data, supplemental data from an extensive water-quality data base, and data from other previous studies were interpreted to clarify the understanding of the saline-waterzone geochemistry.
\nMost of the isotope and geochemical data indicate at least two distinct hydrological and geochemical regimes in the saline-water zone of the Edwards aquifer. On the basis of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes and radiocarbon data, the shallower updip regime is predominantly meteoric water that has been recharged probably from the freshwater zone within recent geologic time (less than tens of thousands of years). Also, on the basis of hydrogen and oxygen isotope data, water in the hydrologically stagnant regime (downdip) has been thermally altered in reactions with the carbonate rocks of the zone. The deeper water probably is much older than water in the shallow zone and is nearly stagnant relative to that in the shallow zone.
\nThe geochemical grouping observed in the wellwater data from well samples in the saline-water zone indicates that the zone is hydrologically compartmentalized, in part because of faults that function as barriers to downdip flow of recharge water. These fault barriers also probably impede updip flow. Flow compartmentalization and the resulting disparity in geochemistry between the two regimes indicate that updip movement of substantial amounts of saline water toward the freshwater zone is unlikely.
\nEstimated in-place temperature of the samples collected indicates an increase with depth and (or) distance from the downdip limit of freshwater. The pH of the samples decreases with increasing distance from the downdip limit of freshwater, but the decrease is caused partly by the increase in temperature. Dissolved major ions and dissolved solids concentrations all indicate a progressive but monotonic increase in salinity from updip to downdip. The alkalinity of the water samples is predominantly bicarbonate because the low-molecular weight aliphatic-acid anion concentrations are small relative to the bicarbonate concentrations. The dissolved organic carbon concentrations also are lower than expected for an aquifer with economic amounts of oil and gas hydrocarbons.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri974133","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Edwards Aquifer Authority and San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Groschen, G.E., and Buszka, P.M., 1997, Hydrogeologic framework and geochemistry of the Edwards aquifer saline-water zone, south-central Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4133, vi, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974133.","productDescription":"vi, 47 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_97_4133.jpg"},{"id":2112,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri97-4133/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627cd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Groschen, George E.","contributorId":99132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groschen","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buszka, Paul M. 0000-0001-8218-826X pmbuszka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8218-826X","contributorId":1786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buszka","given":"Paul","email":"pmbuszka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":198107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":6898,"text":"fs06397 - 1997 - Occurrence of volatile organic compounds in streams on Long Island, New York, and New Jersey; overview of available data and reconnaissance sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:54","indexId":"fs06397","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"063-97","title":"Occurrence of volatile organic compounds in streams on Long Island, New York, and New Jersey; overview of available data and reconnaissance sampling","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs06397","usgsCitation":"Terracciano, S.A., and O’Brien, A.K., 1997, Occurrence of volatile organic compounds in streams on Long Island, New York, and New Jersey; overview of available data and reconnaissance sampling: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 063-97, 1 folded sheet (4) p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm. col. ill., col. maps ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs06397.","productDescription":"1 folded sheet (4) p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm. col. ill., col. maps ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125211,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0063/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34200,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0063/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db6920a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Terracciano, Stephen A. saterrac@usgs.gov","contributorId":1076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terracciano","given":"Stephen","email":"saterrac@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":153536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Brien, Anne K.","contributorId":52955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5075,"text":"fs15297 - 1997 - Reporting of Real Time River Levels in Massachusetts and Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:14","indexId":"fs15297","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"152-97","title":"Reporting of Real Time River Levels in Massachusetts and Rhode Island","docAbstract":"Introduction\r\n\r\nIn times of floods and droughts, immediate access to river level data is important to officials charged with the responsibilities of protecting lives and property by taking actions to diminish the adverse effects of the emergency. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with many Federal, State, and local agencies, is the Nation's principal collector of accurate and unbiased streamflow data, and thus is the agency emergency officials rely on to provide the needed river data. The USGS operates and maintains more than 7,000 continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations on rivers in the United States; 84 of these stations are in Massachusetts and Rhode Island (see fig. 1). The river levels are recorded every 15 minutes at most of the stations; the river level data are then converted to streamflow data. Recorders equipped with telemetry (satellite radios or telephone modems) can provide almost immediate access to vital river levels.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs15297","usgsCitation":"Gadoury, R.A., 1997, Reporting of Real Time River Levels in Massachusetts and Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 152-97, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs15297.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":401,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ma.water.usgs.gov/publications/pdf/realtime.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122472,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_152_97.bmp"},{"id":9473,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/fs152-97/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c49d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gadoury, Russell A.","contributorId":99542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gadoury","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4249,"text":"cir1152 - 1997 - Catalogue of U.S. Geological Survey strong-motion records, 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-25T18:23:15","indexId":"cir1152","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1152","title":"Catalogue of U.S. Geological Survey strong-motion records, 1994","docAbstract":"This report presents accelerogram data of strong ground motion and the response of representative engineered structures during moderate to large earthquakes recorded during 1994.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/cir1152","usgsCitation":"Jungblut, W., and Porcella, R.L., 1997, Catalogue of U.S. Geological Survey strong-motion records, 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1152, iv, 34 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1152.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31363,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1997/1152/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":139350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1997/1152/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6faf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Switzer, J.C.","contributorId":99965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Switzer","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749882,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Jungblut, W.L.","contributorId":7693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jungblut","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Porcella, R. L.","contributorId":102869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porcella","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30293,"text":"wri974137 - 1997 - Application of the Bridge Stream Tube Model for Alluvial River Simulations (BRI-STARS) at bridge 101-17-5096A, State Road 101; over the St. Joseph River at Saint Joe, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T21:05:53.734148","indexId":"wri974137","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4137","title":"Application of the Bridge Stream Tube Model for Alluvial River Simulations (BRI-STARS) at bridge 101-17-5096A, State Road 101; over the St. Joseph River at Saint Joe, Indiana","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974137","usgsCitation":"Voelker, D.C., 1997, Application of the Bridge Stream Tube Model for Alluvial River Simulations (BRI-STARS) at bridge 101-17-5096A, State Road 101; over the St. Joseph River at Saint Joe, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4137, iv, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974137.","productDescription":"iv, 45 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411805,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48756.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":59083,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4137/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119507,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4137/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Saint Joe","otherGeospatial":"St. Joseph River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.85,\n 41.3417\n ],\n [\n -84.8833,\n 41.3417\n ],\n [\n -84.8833,\n 41.3167\n ],\n [\n -84.85,\n 41.3167\n ],\n [\n -84.85,\n 41.3417\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a793","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voelker, D. C.","contributorId":36572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voelker","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21967,"text":"ofr97322 - 1997 - Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-65-34-4240 crossing a Muscatatuck River overflow in Scott County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:45","indexId":"ofr97322","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-322","title":"Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-65-34-4240 crossing a Muscatatuck River overflow in Scott County, Indiana","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97322","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J., Miller, R.L., Robinson, B., and Voelker, D.C., 1997, Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-65-34-4240 crossing a Muscatatuck River overflow in Scott County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-322, [iv], 33 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97322.","productDescription":"[iv], 33 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0322/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51444,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0322/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6993d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, J.T.","contributorId":97489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, B.A.","contributorId":63035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Voelker, D. C.","contributorId":36572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voelker","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":24756,"text":"ofr97347 - 1997 - Computation of selected hydraulic variables for the lower Yampa River in northwestern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:29","indexId":"ofr97347","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-347","title":"Computation of selected hydraulic variables for the lower Yampa River in northwestern Colorado","docAbstract":"Computation of selected hydraulic variables was done for three reaches on the lower Yampa River that were identified as having natural or manmadebarriers that might impede the migration of endangered Colorado squawfish. The three reaches included the Patrick Sweeney and the MaybellCanal diversion structures and Cross Mountain Canyon. Minimum stream depths and maximum stream velocities for a range of streamflows werecomputed using the Water-Surface PROfile computation program for cross sections in each of the three reaches. Cross-section information used asinput to the computation program was determined from field surveys or from existing detailed topographic information. Output options in theprogram were used to generate tables of hydraulic variables for streamflows ranging from 50 to 400 cubic feet per second, including minimum depths and maximum velocities for 20 stream tubes in each of the cross sections selected for study.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97347","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Vaill, J.E., 1997, Computation of selected hydraulic variables for the lower Yampa River in northwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-347, iii, 30 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97347.","productDescription":"iii, 30 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158258,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0347/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53783,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0347/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b1e4b07f02db5307b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vaill, J. E.","contributorId":86362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaill","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24662,"text":"ofr97350 - 1997 - Drainage-return, surface-water withdrawal, and land-use data for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, with emphasis on Twitchell Island, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:23","indexId":"ofr97350","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-350","title":"Drainage-return, surface-water withdrawal, and land-use data for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, with emphasis on Twitchell Island, California","docAbstract":"Partial data on drainage returns and surface-water withdrawals are presented for areas of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, for March 1994 through February 1996. These areas cover most of the delta. Data are also presented for all drainage returns and some surface-water withdrawals for Twitchell Island, which is in the western part of the delta. Changes in land use between 1968 and 1991 are also presented for the delta.\r\nMeasurements of monthly drainage returns and surface-water withdrawals were made using flowmeters installed in siphons and drain pipes on Twitchell Island. Estimates of monthly returns throughout the delta were made using electric power-consumption data with pump-efficiency-test data. For Twitchell Island, monthly measured drainage returns for the 1995 calendar year totaled about 11,200 acre-feet, whereas drainage returns estimated from power-consumption data totaled 5 percent less at about 10,600 acre-feet. Monthly surface-water withdrawals onto Twitchell Island through 12 of the 21 siphons totaled about 2,400 acre-feet for 1995. For most of the delta, the monthly estimated drainage returns for 1995 totaled about 430,000 acre-feet. The area consisting of Bouldin, Brannan, Staten, Tyler, and Venice Islands had the largest estimated drainage returns for calendar year 1995.\r\nBetween 1968 and 1991, native vegetation in the delta decreased by 25 percent (about 40,000 acres), and grain and hay crops increased by 340 percent (about 71,000 acres). For Twitchell Island, native vegetation decreased about 77 percent (about 850 acres), while field crop acreage increased by about 44 percent (about 780 acres).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97350","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Templin, W.E., and Cherry, D.E., 1997, Drainage-return, surface-water withdrawal, and land-use data for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, with emphasis on Twitchell Island, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-350, iv, 31 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97350.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0350/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53691,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0350/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db62910d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Templin, William E.","contributorId":8509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Templin","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cherry, Daniel E.","contributorId":95099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherry","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26095,"text":"wri974130 - 1997 - Ground-water resources in the vicinity of Cortland, Trumbull County, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:33","indexId":"wri974130","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4130","title":"Ground-water resources in the vicinity of Cortland, Trumbull County, Ohio","docAbstract":"The city of Cortland lies on the southeast ern shoreline of the 12.3-square-mile Mosquito Creek Lake in Trumbull County, Ohio. Cortland relies upon public wells completed in the Cussewago Sandstone for potable water. The Cussewago Sandstone, the principal aquifer in the study area, is a subcrop of the glaciofluvial sediments in the lake; the unit dips gently towards the southeast. Thickness of the Cussewago Sandstone ranges from less than 20 feet in south-central Bazetta Township to 152 feet in Cortland. The Bedford Shale overlies and confines the Cussewago Sandstone and separates it hydraulically from the Berea Sandstone. The Bedford Shale and Berea Sandstone are not a prolific source of ground water. In places, the Bedford Shale was completely eroded away prior to deposition of the Berea Sandstone. Where the Bedford Shale is absent, such as at the City of Cortland North Well Field, the Berea Sandstone and Cussewago Sandstone are likely in hydraulic connection.\r\n\r\nThroughout most of the study area, the Cussewago Sandstone is a confined aquifer. Ground-water flow is to the east and southeast. Pumping at both Cortland well fields has created cones of depression in the potentiometric surface. These cones of depression cause a local reversal in ground-water flow immediately east of both well fields. The absence of detectable concentrations of tritium in water samples from wells completed in the Cussewago Sandstone at Cortland indicates that ground water predates the atmospheric nuclear testing of the 1950's. Ground water requires about 60 to 110 years to flow from the Cussewago Sandstone subcrop of the glaciofluvial sediments in the lake to the Cortland public-supply wells. \r\n\r\nA comparison of aquifer storage and pumpage in the study area shows that the Cussewago Sandstone receives adequate recharge to support current withdrawals by Cortland public-supply wells. In the immediate vicinity of Cortland- between Route 305 and the Bazetta-Mecca Town ship line and between the Mosquito Creek Lake shoreline and the Bazetta-Fowler Township line-approximately 15,000 million gallons of water currently in the Cussewago Sandstone can be gravity drained from the aquifer without considering recharge to the aquifer. The 15,000 million gallons is equivalent to about 75 years of withdrawals by Cortland public-supply wells at current (1990-95) rates.\r\n\r\nA numerical flow model rather than an analytical or semianalytical model would be needed to accurately simulate flow and ground-water withdrawals in the Cussewago Sandstone in the vicinity of Cortland. Computer simulations of flow would likely involve conditions where a fully saturated, confined Cussewago Sandstone becomes a partially saturated aquifer.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Branch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974130","usgsCitation":"Barton, G.J., and Wright, P., 1997, Ground-water resources in the vicinity of Cortland, Trumbull County, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4130, iv, 20 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974130.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4130/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54874,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4130/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db648623","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barton, G. J.","contributorId":58660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, P.R.","contributorId":91535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":4830,"text":"pp1582 - 1997 - Petroleum geology of the state of Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:50","indexId":"pp1582","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1582","title":"Petroleum geology of the state of Washington","docAbstract":"This report describes the potential petroleum resources of Washington State as recently summarized in the 1995 U.S. Geological Survey National Assessment of Oil and Gas Resources. Eight conventional petroleum plays, three coal-bed gas plays, and two continuous-type gas plays are defined and characterized. Of these plays, the potential for significant petroleum accumulations appears greatest in the Columbia Plateau region of eastern Washington. Potential accumulations in western Washington are smaller but could have local economic significance. The absence of high-quality petroleum source rocks is probably the most important factor limiting development of large accumulations.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ;\r\nFor sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services,","doi":"10.3133/pp1582","usgsCitation":"Johnson, S.Y., Tennyson, M., Lingley, W.S., and Law, B.E., 1997, Petroleum geology of the state of Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1582, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1582.","productDescription":"40 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1582.jpg"},{"id":540,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1582/p1582.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687e22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Samuel Y. 0000-0001-7972-9977 sjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7972-9977","contributorId":2607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Samuel","email":"sjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":149861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tennyson, Marilyn E. 0000-0002-5166-2421 tennyson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5166-2421","contributorId":1433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tennyson","given":"Marilyn E.","email":"tennyson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":149860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lingley, William S.","contributorId":25032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lingley","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Law, Ben E.","contributorId":85033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Law","given":"Ben","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":21962,"text":"ofr97326 - 1997 - Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-164-10-6969 crossing Boesche Ditch in Vanderburgh County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:54","indexId":"ofr97326","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-326","title":"Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-164-10-6969 crossing Boesche Ditch in Vanderburgh County, Indiana","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97326","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J., Robinson, B., Voelker, D.C., and Miller, R.L., 1997, Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-164-10-6969 crossing Boesche Ditch in Vanderburgh County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-326, iv, 20 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97326.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0326/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51439,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0326/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62be10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, J.T.","contributorId":97489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, B.A.","contributorId":63035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voelker, D. 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L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":59602,"text":"mf2219C - 1997 - Map showing the distribution of anomalous concentrations of mercury, antimony, and arsenic in stream sediment, heavy-mineral concentrate, and aquatic moss in the Iditarod quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T15:03:49.160071","indexId":"mf2219C","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2219","chapter":"C","title":"Map showing the distribution of anomalous concentrations of mercury, antimony, and arsenic in stream sediment, heavy-mineral concentrate, and aquatic moss in the Iditarod quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2219C","isbn":"0607883650","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.E., Folger, P.F., and Hageman, P., 1997, Map showing the distribution of anomalous concentrations of mercury, antimony, and arsenic in stream sediment, heavy-mineral concentrate, and aquatic moss in the Iditarod Quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2219, 1 map ;45 x 63 cm. on sheet 132 x 103 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2219C.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 41.60 x 51.86 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183748,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1997/2219c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":111428,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/13132","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":114742,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1997/2219c/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":114741,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1997/2219c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Iditarod quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -159,62 ], [ -159,63 ], [ -156,63 ], [ -156,62 ], [ -159,62 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2582","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, J. E.","contributorId":49363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Folger, P. F.","contributorId":57862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folger","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hageman, P. L. 0000-0002-3440-2150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-2150","contributorId":27459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hageman","given":"P. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":59601,"text":"mf2219D - 1997 - Map showing the distribution of anomalous concentrations of gold and silver in stream sediment, heavy-mineral concentrate, and aquatic moss in the Iditarod quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T15:14:49.032399","indexId":"mf2219D","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2219","chapter":"D","title":"Map showing the distribution of anomalous concentrations of gold and silver in stream sediment, heavy-mineral concentrate, and aquatic moss in the Iditarod quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2219D","isbn":"0607883669","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.E., Motooka, J.M., and O’Leary, R.M., 1997, Map showing the distribution of anomalous concentrations of gold and silver in stream sediment, heavy-mineral concentrate, and aquatic moss in the Idiatrod Quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2219, 1 map ;45 x 63 cm. on sheet 133 x 102 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2219D.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 41.38 x 52.49 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":111429,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/13133","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":114740,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1997/2219d/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":183747,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1997/2219d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":114739,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1997/2219d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Iditarod quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -159,62 ], [ -159,63 ], [ -156,63 ], [ -156,62 ], [ -159,62 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649eed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, J. E.","contributorId":49363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Motooka, J. M.","contributorId":8834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Motooka","given":"J.","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Leary, R. M.","contributorId":44894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Leary","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":23903,"text":"ofr97329 - 1997 - Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-164-7-6974 crossing Schlensker Ditch in Vanderburgh County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-21T10:47:16","indexId":"ofr97329","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-329","title":"Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-164-7-6974 crossing Schlensker Ditch in Vanderburgh County, Indiana","docAbstract":"Level II scour evaluations follow a process in which hydrologic, hydraulic, and sedient-transport data are evaluated to calculate the depth of scour that may result when given discharge is routed through a bridge opening. the results of the modified Levell II analysis for structure I-674-7-6974 on Interstate 164 crossing Schlensker Ditch in Vanderburgh County, Indiana, are presented. The site is near the town of Daylight in the northwestern part of Vanderburgh County. Scour depths were computed with the Water Surface PROfile model, version V050196, which incorporates the scour-calculation procedures outlined in Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 18. Total scour depths at the piers were approximately 176 feet for the modeled discharge of 2,100 cubic feet per second and approximately 33.4 feet for the modeled discharge of 2,940 cubic feet per second.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/ofr97329","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Miller, R.L., Robinson, B., and Voelker, D.C., 1997, Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-164-7-6974 crossing Schlensker Ditch in Vanderburgh County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-329, iv, 17 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97329.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p. ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":156420,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0329/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53107,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0329/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Vanderburgh","city":"Daylight","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-87.4676,38.1655],[-87.4676,38.1242],[-87.4711,38.1242],[-87.4729,38.0371],[-87.4501,38.0373],[-87.4512,37.9394],[-87.4535,37.9385],[-87.4645,37.9329],[-87.4717,37.9288],[-87.4732,37.9279],[-87.483,37.921],[-87.4917,37.9151],[-87.4992,37.91],[-87.5002,37.9095],[-87.5103,37.9067],[-87.5114,37.9067],[-87.5122,37.907],[-87.5221,37.9125],[-87.5303,37.917],[-87.5539,37.928],[-87.5619,37.9336],[-87.5671,37.9395],[-87.5745,37.954],[-87.5807,37.9661],[-87.5902,37.9732],[-87.5943,37.9735],[-87.6011,37.9708],[-87.6013,37.9702],[-87.6032,37.9626],[-87.6063,37.9501],[-87.6066,37.9494],[-87.6077,37.9482],[-87.6126,37.9437],[-87.6243,37.9331],[-87.6256,37.9316],[-87.6261,37.9308],[-87.6279,37.9235],[-87.6238,37.9135],[-87.6235,37.9128],[-87.6175,37.906],[-87.6041,37.8987],[-87.5961,37.8925],[-87.5934,37.8902],[-87.591,37.8857],[-87.5888,37.8822],[-87.5882,37.8812],[-87.5878,37.8673],[-87.5878,37.8666],[-87.5907,37.8598],[-87.5917,37.8582],[-87.6045,37.8405],[-87.6091,37.8364],[-87.6102,37.8355],[-87.6206,37.8303],[-87.6379,37.8254],[-87.6525,37.8253],[-87.6642,37.8265],[-87.6652,37.8269],[-87.6784,37.8338],[-87.6828,37.8464],[-87.682,37.8573],[-87.6793,37.8655],[-87.6743,37.8722],[-87.6669,37.8822],[-87.6665,37.8871],[-87.6679,37.8934],[-87.6701,37.8963],[-87.6723,37.8985],[-87.6794,37.9021],[-87.6846,37.903],[-87.6904,37.9015],[-87.7003,37.8973],[-87.7006,37.9535],[-87.6991,38.0388],[-87.697,38.1258],[-87.6888,38.1254],[-87.6889,38.1685],[-87.4676,38.1655]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Vanderburgh\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a93e4b07f02db65829d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, B.A.","contributorId":63035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voelker, D. 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The site is near the town of Corydon in the central part of Harrison County. Scour depths were computed with the Water Surface PROfile model, version V050196, which incorporates the scour-calculation procedures outlined in Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 18. Total scour depths at the piers were approximately 6.6 feet for the modeled discharge of 26,000 cubic feet per second and approximately 8.0 feet for the modeled discharge of 34,000 cubic feet per second.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/ofr97319","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Transporation","usgsCitation":"Miller, R.L., Robinson, B., and Voelker, D.C., 1997, Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-64-108-5658 crossing Indian Creek in Harrison County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-319, iv, 20 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97319.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p. ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0319/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53109,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0319/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Harrison","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-86.2544,38.4224],[-86.0324,38.4177],[-86.033,38.3307],[-86.0295,38.3307],[-86.0248,38.3306],[-86.0148,38.3306],[-86.0144,38.3025],[-85.9956,38.3024],[-85.9947,38.2752],[-85.9735,38.2756],[-85.9737,38.2606],[-85.9549,38.2606],[-85.9508,38.1857],[-85.8987,38.1855],[-85.8987,38.1786],[-85.8996,38.177],[-85.9044,38.1676],[-85.906,38.1428],[-85.9032,38.1148],[-85.9024,38.1064],[-85.9028,38.0926],[-85.9063,38.0825],[-85.91,38.0718],[-85.9125,38.0641],[-85.9136,38.0599],[-85.9144,38.0557],[-85.9195,38.032],[-85.9224,38.0257],[-85.9382,38.0103],[-85.9398,38.0089],[-85.9443,38.0076],[-85.9485,38.0065],[-85.9567,38.0042],[-85.9659,38.0029],[-85.9673,38.0027],[-85.9967,37.9984],[-85.9981,37.9982],[-86.0145,37.9958],[-86.0296,37.9913],[-86.0343,37.9864],[-86.0352,37.9853],[-86.0354,37.9846],[-86.0353,37.9733],[-86.0353,37.9665],[-86.037,37.9631],[-86.04,37.9604],[-86.0464,37.9586],[-86.057,37.9649],[-86.0639,37.9725],[-86.0811,37.9987],[-86.0928,38.0077],[-86.0933,38.0079],[-86.111,38.014],[-86.1236,38.0154],[-86.1267,38.0155],[-86.1319,38.0151],[-86.148,38.0134],[-86.1571,38.0115],[-86.1629,38.0103],[-86.1682,38.0093],[-86.1702,38.0095],[-86.1781,38.0109],[-86.2055,38.0207],[-86.2067,38.0214],[-86.2351,38.0387],[-86.2548,38.0481],[-86.2586,38.0503],[-86.2603,38.0514],[-86.2728,38.0625],[-86.2732,38.063],[-86.2767,38.0694],[-86.2776,38.0724],[-86.2813,38.0887],[-86.2812,38.0984],[-86.2788,38.109],[-86.2729,38.1341],[-86.2758,38.1432],[-86.2805,38.1496],[-86.2824,38.1514],[-86.2923,38.1601],[-86.2963,38.1632],[-86.3005,38.1653],[-86.3077,38.1683],[-86.3219,38.1741],[-86.3314,38.18],[-86.3261,38.1828],[-86.3173,38.1782],[-86.3126,38.1782],[-86.3097,38.1818],[-86.3185,38.1882],[-86.3167,38.1895],[-86.3114,38.1891],[-86.3085,38.2009],[-86.3061,38.2031],[-86.2997,38.2027],[-86.2938,38.2013],[-86.2903,38.2018],[-86.2956,38.2095],[-86.2903,38.2108],[-86.2891,38.214],[-86.2985,38.2194],[-86.2979,38.2217],[-86.2932,38.2249],[-86.2844,38.2208],[-86.2797,38.2235],[-86.2774,38.2271],[-86.2761,38.2529],[-86.2755,38.257],[-86.2749,38.2783],[-86.2696,38.2783],[-86.266,38.2865],[-86.2596,38.2833],[-86.2578,38.2837],[-86.2555,38.2905],[-86.2531,38.2914],[-86.2525,38.295],[-86.2543,38.2964],[-86.2601,38.2973],[-86.2648,38.2946],[-86.2642,38.3041],[-86.2619,38.3041],[-86.2589,38.305],[-86.2589,38.3064],[-86.2677,38.3087],[-86.2707,38.3078],[-86.2765,38.3091],[-86.2894,38.3164],[-86.2829,38.3246],[-86.2818,38.3232],[-86.2794,38.3214],[-86.2747,38.32],[-86.2741,38.325],[-86.2735,38.3295],[-86.2764,38.3386],[-86.2764,38.3404],[-86.2741,38.3409],[-86.2711,38.3413],[-86.2741,38.3472],[-86.2758,38.3499],[-86.2735,38.3563],[-86.2705,38.3617],[-86.2641,38.3612],[-86.2629,38.3572],[-86.257,38.3544],[-86.2529,38.3558],[-86.2482,38.3603],[-86.2482,38.363],[-86.2488,38.3644],[-86.2582,38.3667],[-86.2593,38.3775],[-86.2616,38.3812],[-86.2552,38.3843],[-86.2522,38.383],[-86.2464,38.3861],[-86.2458,38.3879],[-86.2493,38.3907],[-86.2516,38.3947],[-86.251,38.3979],[-86.2533,38.402],[-86.2522,38.407],[-86.258,38.4102],[-86.2627,38.4097],[-86.2645,38.412],[-86.2592,38.4152],[-86.2544,38.4224]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Harrison\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69946c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, B.A.","contributorId":63035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voelker, D. 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An aliquot of raw water isfiltered through a 0.45-micrometer silver filter. The trapped organic material is oxidized using phosphoric acid and potassium persulfate in a scaled glass ampule,and the rseulting CO2 is measured by an infrared CO2 detector. The amount of CO3 is proportional to the concentration of chemically oxidizable nonpurgeable organic carbon in the sample. The SOC method detection limit for routine analysis is 0.2 milligram per liter. The average percent recovery is 97.1 percent and the average standard deviation is 11 percent.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97380","usgsCitation":"Burkhardt, M.R., Kammer, J.A., Jha, V.K., O’Mara-Lopez, P.G., and Woodworth, M.T., 1997, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of nonpurgeable suspended organic carbon by wet-chemical oxidation and infrared spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-380, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97380.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1284,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nwql.usgs.gov/Public/pubs/OFR97-380/OFR97-380.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":51419,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0380/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0380/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62bb67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burkhardt, Mark R.","contributorId":27872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkhardt","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kammer, James A.","contributorId":20759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kammer","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jha, Virendra K. vkjha@usgs.gov","contributorId":4380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jha","given":"Virendra","email":"vkjha@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":186361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Mara-Lopez, Peggy G.","contributorId":33347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Mara-Lopez","given":"Peggy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Woodworth, Mark T. woodwort@usgs.gov","contributorId":3452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodworth","given":"Mark","email":"woodwort@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":186360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":21966,"text":"ofr97332 - 1997 - Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-64-11-5202 crossing Flat Run Ditch in Posey County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:45","indexId":"ofr97332","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-332","title":"Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-64-11-5202 crossing Flat Run Ditch in Posey County, Indiana","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97332","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J., Robinson, B., Voelker, D.C., and Miller, R.L., 1997, Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-64-11-5202 crossing Flat Run Ditch in Posey County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-332, iv, 20 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97332.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152867,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0332/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51443,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0332/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699472","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, J.T.","contributorId":97489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, B.A.","contributorId":63035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voelker, D. 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The results of the modified Level II analysis for structure 1-65-118-4838 on Interstate 65 crossing Crooked Creek in Marion County, Indiana, are presented. The site is in the city of Indianapolis in the central part of Marion County. Scour depths were computed with the Water Surface PROfile model, version V050196, which incorporates the scour-calculation procedures outlined in Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 18. Total scour depths at the piers were approximately 8.3 feet for the modeled discharge of 7,000 cubic feet per second and approximately 9.2 feet for the modeled discharge of 9,870 cubic feet per second.
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