{"pageNumber":"359","pageRowStart":"8950","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11004,"records":[{"id":29045,"text":"wri8233 - 1982 - Floods of May 1981 in west-central Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-05T11:48:39","indexId":"wri8233","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-33","title":"Floods of May 1981 in west-central Montana","docAbstract":"Extensive flooding occurred in west-central Montana during May 22-23, 1981, as a result of a series of rainstorms. Flooding was particularly severe in the communities of East Helena, Belt, and Deer Lodge. Although no lives were lost, total flood damages were estimated by the Montana Disaster Emergency Services Division to be in excess of $30 million. Peak discharges were determined at 75 sites in the flooded area. At 25 sites the May 1981 peak discharge exceeded the computed 100-year frequency flood, and at 29 sites, where previous flow records are available, the May 1981 peak discharge exceeded the previous peak of record. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri8233","usgsCitation":"Parrett, C., Omang, R.J., Hull, J.A., and Fassler, J.W., 1982, Floods of May 1981 in west-central Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-33, iv, 20 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8233.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366261,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/0033/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158920,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/0033/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.576904296875,\n              45.836454050187726\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.5556640625,\n              45.836454050187726\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.5556640625,\n              47.45037978769006\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.576904296875,\n              47.45037978769006\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.576904296875,\n              45.836454050187726\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5df9df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrett, Charles","contributorId":9635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Omang, R. J.","contributorId":31365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Omang","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hull, J. A.","contributorId":39345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hull","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fassler, John W.","contributorId":33741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fassler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":41283,"text":"ofr82583 - 1982 - Preliminary assessment of potential volcanic hazards in the Long Valley-Mono Lake area, east-central California and southwestern Nevada","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":41283,"text":"ofr82583 - 1982 - Preliminary assessment of potential volcanic hazards in the Long Valley-Mono Lake area, east-central California and southwestern Nevada","indexId":"ofr82583","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary assessment of potential volcanic hazards in the Long Valley-Mono Lake area, east-central California and southwestern Nevada"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":4365,"text":"cir877 - 1982 - Potential hazards from future volcanic eruptions in the Long Valley-Mono Lake area, east-central California and southwest Nevada; a preliminary assessment","indexId":"cir877","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Potential hazards from future volcanic eruptions in the Long Valley-Mono Lake area, east-central California and southwest Nevada; a preliminary assessment"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":4365,"text":"cir877 - 1982 - Potential hazards from future volcanic eruptions in the Long Valley-Mono Lake area, east-central California and southwest Nevada; a preliminary assessment","indexId":"cir877","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Potential hazards from future volcanic eruptions in the Long Valley-Mono Lake area, east-central California and southwest Nevada; a preliminary assessment"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-18T18:03:09.490823","indexId":"ofr82583","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-583","title":"Preliminary assessment of potential volcanic hazards in the Long Valley-Mono Lake area, east-central California and southwestern Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr82583","usgsCitation":"Miller, C.D., Crandell, D.R., Mullineaux, D.R., Hoblitt, R., and Bailey, R., 1982, Preliminary assessment of potential volcanic hazards in the Long Valley-Mono Lake area, east-central California and southwestern Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-583, 3 Plates: 42.66 x 21.93 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82583.","productDescription":"3 Plates: 42.66 x 21.93 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":397323,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0583/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":397194,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13768.htm"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley - Mono Lake area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.45,\n              36.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.417,\n              36.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.417,\n              38.833\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.45,\n              38.833\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.45,\n              36.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67ca8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, C. Dan","contributorId":38145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Dan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crandell, D. R.","contributorId":78385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crandell","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mullineaux, D. R.","contributorId":64248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullineaux","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoblitt, R.","contributorId":89536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoblitt","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bailey, R. A.","contributorId":87531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":47274,"text":"ofr82336 - 1982 - Generalized configuration of the top of the limestone unit of the lower part of the surficial aquifer, Duval County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-28T20:19:14.74335","indexId":"ofr82336","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-336","title":"Generalized configuration of the top of the limestone unit of the lower part of the surficial aquifer, Duval County, Florida","docAbstract":"<p>The top of the limestone unit ranges from about 25 feet above sea level in western Duval County to about 75 feet below sea level locally in the eastern part of the county. The limestone, which is part of the surficial aquifer, is the principal source of water to shallow wells in the county. The unit generally consists of a soft, friable, cavernous, sandy limestone, which ranges from about 5 to 40 feet in thickness. Along the coast and in the southern part of the county, the limestone becomes discontinuous.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr82336","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Jacksonville","usgsCitation":"Spechler, R.M., 1982, Generalized configuration of the top of the limestone unit of the lower part of the surficial aquifer, Duval County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-336, 1 Plate: 34.92 x 28.86 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82336.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 34.92 x 28.86 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":399852,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0336/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":171064,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0336/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Duval 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,{"id":47320,"text":"ofr81496 - 1982 - Geologic map of the Redwood Creek drainage basin, Humboldt County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T21:12:18.954209","indexId":"ofr81496","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-496","title":"Geologic map of the Redwood Creek drainage basin, Humboldt County, California","docAbstract":"A 1:62,500-scale geologic map with 14 rock stratigraphic units and an accompanying explanatory text are used to describe the geology of the Redwood Creek drainage basin of northwestern California. A large part of Redwood National Park is located in the downstream part of this actively eroding drainage basin. The bedrock consists primarily of Mesozoic sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. The structurally complex Franciscan assemblage of rocks underlies most of the basin, but rocks of the Klammath Mountain tectonic province occurs in a small eastern part of the basin. Most major boundaries between Mesozoic rock units are north-northwest trending faults parallel to the regional structural trend. Extensive areas of surficial coastal plain sediments, landslide deposits, stream terrace deposits and modern alluvium are also present; these areas help identify loci of vigorous recent erosion. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81496","usgsCitation":"Harden, D.R., Kelsey, H., Morrison, S., and Stephens, T., 1982, Geologic map of the Redwood Creek drainage basin, Humboldt County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-496, 1 Plate: 32.46 x 56.62 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81496.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 32.46 x 56.62 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394062,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0496/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":172519,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0496/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"62500","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Humboldt County","otherGeospatial":"Redwood Creek drainage basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.1667,\n              40.66667\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.6667,\n              40.66667\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.6667,\n              41.41667\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.1667,\n              41.41667\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.1667,\n              40.66667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689c3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harden, Deborah Reid","contributorId":10042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"Reid","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelsey, H.M.","contributorId":84300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelsey","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morrison, S.D.","contributorId":49849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stephens, T.A.","contributorId":48239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":19994,"text":"ofr82159 - 1982 - Simulation of ground-water flow in the vicinity of Hyde Park landfill, Niagara Falls, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:34","indexId":"ofr82159","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-159","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow in the vicinity of Hyde Park landfill, Niagara Falls, New York","docAbstract":"The Hyde Park landfill is a 15-acre chemical waste disposal site located north of Niagara Falls, New York. Underlying the site in descending order are: (1) low permeability glacial till, (2) a moderately permeable fractured rock aquifer--the Lockport Dolomite, and (3) a low permeability unit--the Rochester Shale. The site is bounded on three sides by ground-water drains; the Niagara River Gorge, the Niagara Power Project canal, and the power project conduits. \r\n\r\nA finite element model was used to simulate ground-water flow along an east-west section through the Hyde Park site (from the power project conduits to the Niagara Gorge). Steady-state conditions were simulated with an average annual recharge rate of 5 inches per year. The calibrated model simulated measured water levels within 5 feet in the glacial till and upper unit of the Lockport Dolomite and approximated the configuration of the water table. \r\n\r\nBased on simulation, ground-water flow near the Hyde Park site can be summarized as follows: \r\n\r\n1. Specific discharge (Darcy velocity) ranges from about 0.01 to 0.1 foot per day in the upper unit of the Lockport Dolomite to less than 0.00001 foot per day in the Rochester Shale. Real velocities are highest in the upper unit of the Lockport, ranging from about 1.5 to 4.8 feet per day. \r\n\r\n2. A ground-water divide exists east of the landfill, indicating that all ground water originating near or flowing beneath the landfill will flow toward and discharge in the gorge. \r\n\r\n3. The zone of highest velocities (and presumably greatest potential for transporting chemical contaminants) includes the upper unit of the Lockport and part of the lower unit of the Lockport Dolomite between the landfill and the gorge. The time required for ground water to move from the landfill to the gorge in the Lockport Dolomite is estimated to be 5 to 7 years.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82159","usgsCitation":"Maslia, M., and Johnston, R., 1982, Simulation of ground-water flow in the vicinity of Hyde Park landfill, Niagara Falls, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-159, v, 19 p., 5 over-size sheets, ill., (some folded) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82159.","productDescription":"v, 19 p., 5 over-size sheets, ill., (some folded) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0159/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49519,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0159/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":49520,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0159/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":49521,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0159/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":49522,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0159/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":49523,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0159/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":49524,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0159/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f24ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maslia, M.L.","contributorId":24090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maslia","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, R.H.","contributorId":19536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":59546,"text":"mf1415B - 1982 - Geochemical survey of the Cohutta Wilderness and the Hemp Top Roadless Area, northern Georgia and southeastern Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T12:52:09","indexId":"mf1415B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1415","chapter":"B","title":"Geochemical survey of the Cohutta Wilderness and the Hemp Top Roadless Area, northern Georgia and southeastern Tennessee","docAbstract":"<p>The contiguous Cohutta Wilderness and Hemp Top Roadless Area are in the western part of the Blue Ridge physiographic province of northern Georgia and southeastern Tennessee (fig. 1).&nbsp; All of the study area is in Georgia except an irregular strip of land about 1 mi at its widest on the northern end of the Cohutta Wilderness in Tennessee.&nbsp; The area of the Cohutta Wilderness is 34,650 acres; that of the Hemp Top Roadless Area is 2,800 acres.&nbsp; The areas are in rugged mountainous terrain- a strongly dissected upland ranging in altitude from about 980 to 4,200 ft above sea level.&nbsp; Local altitude differences of 1,450-2,000 ft and slopes steeper than 25° are common.&nbsp; The north end of the Cohutta Wilderness is about 6 mi south of the Ocoee River gorge, 10 mi west-southwest of the major copper-and sulfur-mining district at Ducktown, Tenn., and approximately 22 mi southeast of Cleveland, Tenn., in Bradley County, west of the area shown in figure 1.&nbsp; The eastern, central, and northwestern parts of the wilderness are drained by Jacks River and it tributaries; the southwestern part, by the Conasauga River and its tributaries; and the Hemp Top Roadless Area, by Tumbling Creek and some of its western tributaries.&nbsp; All drainage ultimately goes to the Ocoee River and from these into the Hiwassee River.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf1415B","usgsCitation":"Gair, J.E., 1982, Geochemical survey of the Cohutta Wilderness and the Hemp Top Roadless Area, northern Georgia and southeastern Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1415, 2 Plates: 52.33 x 39.84 inches and 48.70 x 31.49 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1415B.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 52.33 x 39.84 inches and 48.70 x 31.49 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1415-B/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":357341,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1415-B/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":357342,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1415-B/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","state":"Georgia, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Cohutta Wilderness, Hemp Top Roadless Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.66666666666667,34.833333333333336 ], [ -84.66666666666667,35.016666666666666 ], [ -84.45083333333334,35.016666666666666 ], [ -84.45083333333334,34.833333333333336 ], [ -84.66666666666667,34.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6aba72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gair, Jacob E.","contributorId":18381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gair","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":59050,"text":"mf1475D - 1982 - Mineral resource potential map of the Vermilion Cliffs-Paria Canyon instant study area, Coconino County, Arizona, and Kane County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T13:09:32","indexId":"mf1475D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1475","chapter":"D","title":"Mineral resource potential map of the Vermilion Cliffs-Paria Canyon instant study area, Coconino County, Arizona, and Kane County, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>In general, the mineral potential of the study area is low; in the past the area has yielded only several hundred tons of uranium ore, and there have been a number of unsuccessful efforts to produce gold.</p>\n<p>The generally small uraniferous deposits are in the Chinle Formation, mostly in the basal Shinarump Member, and mostly on the east side of the Paria Plateau. To the south and west, around the plateau, the Shinarump host rock pinches out or is present in only a few places, and the same relationships are likely below the plateau, where the host rocks are deeply buried, from 1,500 to 3,000 ft below the surface. These factors suggest the total uranium-copper-vanadium-silver potential to be very low.</p>\n<p>Gold and mercury occur in very low concentrations in the clayey units of the Petrified Forest Member of the Chinle. Gold concentrations are 40 ppb and less, and the gold is present in very fine particles; recovery is very difficult. Overall, the mercury concentrations are so low that no realistic mineral resource potential can be estimated.</p>\n<p>Nonmetallic mineral materials of possible value include limestone, flagstone, clay, and gravel, but they are of only local interest. No oil or gas resources are known in the study area. Coal resources within the area are nonexistent, but the Dakota Sandstone does contain coaly beds a few miles to the north.</p>\n<p>Water is perhaps the most significant resource needed in the study area. A number of perennial springs support the few local ranchers and tourist facilities. Some ground water would be available below the plateau, but drilling depths would be more than 2,000 ft (600-700 m).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf1475D","usgsCitation":"Bush, A., and Lane, M., 1982, Mineral resource potential map of the Vermilion Cliffs-Paria Canyon instant study area, Coconino County, Arizona, and Kane County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1475, Report: 11 p.; Plate: 46.25 x 38.48 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1475D.","productDescription":"Report: 11 p.; Plate: 46.25 x 38.48 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1475D.jpg"},{"id":310159,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1475-D/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310160,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1475-D/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Coconino County, Kane County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.25,36.75 ], [ -112.25,37 ], [ -111.75,37 ], [ -111.75,36.75 ], [ -112.25,36.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6357d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bush, Alfred L.","contributorId":48977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"Alfred L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane, Michael","contributorId":39756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":58575,"text":"mf1493A - 1982 - Mineral resource potential map of the Bighorn Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-217), San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":46460,"text":"ofr82962 - 1982 - Mineral resource potential map of the Bighorn Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-217), San Bernardino County, California","indexId":"ofr82962","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resource potential map of the Bighorn Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-217), San Bernardino County, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":58575,"text":"mf1493A - 1982 - Mineral resource potential map of the Bighorn Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-217), San Bernardino County, California","indexId":"mf1493A","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Mineral resource potential map of the Bighorn Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-217), San Bernardino County, California"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T13:14:35","indexId":"mf1493A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1493","chapter":"A","title":"Mineral resource potential map of the Bighorn Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-217), San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"<p>Geological, geochemical, and geophysical evidence, together with a review of historical mining and prospecting activities, suggests that most of the Bighorn Mountains Wilderness Study Area has low potential for the discovery of all types of mineral and energy resources-including precious and base metals, building stone and aggregate, fossil fuels, radioactive-mineral resources, and geothermal resources. Low-grade mineralization has been documented in one small area near Rattlesnake Canyon, and this area has low to moderate potential for future small-scale exploration and development of precious and base metals. Thorium and uranium enrichment have been documented in two small areas in the eastern part of the wilderness study area; these two areas have low to moderate potential for future small-scale exploration and development of radioactive-mineral resources.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf1493A","usgsCitation":"Matti, J.C., Cox, B.F., Rodriguez, E.A., Obi, C.M., Powell, R.E., Hinkle, M., Griscom, A., Sabine, C., and Cwick, G.J., 1982, Mineral resource potential map of the Bighorn Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-217), San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1493, Report: 8 p.; Plate: 45.83 x 38.60 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1493A.","productDescription":"Report: 8 p.; Plate: 45.83 x 38.60 inches","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1493A.PNG"},{"id":310170,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1493-A/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate"},{"id":310169,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1493-A/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.75,34.200833333333335 ], [ -116.75,34.3675 ], [ -116.45083333333334,34.3675 ], [ -116.45083333333334,34.200833333333335 ], [ -116.75,34.200833333333335 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696cef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matti, Jonathan C. jmatti@usgs.gov","contributorId":3666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matti","given":"Jonathan","email":"jmatti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":259862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cox, Brett F. bcox@usgs.gov","contributorId":5793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Brett","email":"bcox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":259863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodriguez, Eduardo A.","contributorId":83540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Eduardo","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Obi, Curtis M.","contributorId":86829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obi","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Powell, Robert E. 0000-0001-7682-1655 rpowell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-1655","contributorId":4210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Robert","email":"rpowell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":259866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hinkle, Margaret","contributorId":36918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkle","given":"Margaret","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Griscom, Andrew","contributorId":23520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griscom","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sabine, Charles","contributorId":88407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sabine","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cwick, Gary J.","contributorId":86022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cwick","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":11677,"text":"ofr82755 - 1982 - Water resources of Rockland Basin, southeastern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-07T20:36:58.317284","indexId":"ofr82755","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-755","title":"Water resources of Rockland Basin, southeastern Idaho","docAbstract":"<p>Rockland basin comprises about 320 sq mi of the Snake River drainage in southeastern Idaho. Mountain ranges bordering the basin are composed predominantly of limestone and are complexly faulted. Major aquifers include Holocene alluvium, Quaternary-Tertiary volcanic rocks, and Tertiary sedimentary rocks. Groundwater occurs under water table conditions except where it is locally confined. Groundwater discharges to springs in the Deep Creek Mountains and maintains perennial streamflow. Near the mouth of Rock Creek, groundwater movement is northward toward the Snake River. Underflow is estimated to be 51,000 acre-ft/yr. </p><p>Total water yield available to Rockland basin is estimated to be 5.0 in. (85,000 acre-ft) of the estimated 17.3 in. of annual precipitation. Evapotranspiration ranges from 9.9 to 17 in./yr, depending, in part, on altitude of the land surface. </p><p>An estimated 12,000 acre-ft of surface water and 3,500 acre-ft of groundwater are used annually for irrigation. Less than 100 acre-ft of water is used for public supply, domestic, and stock supplies. East Fork Rock Creek supplies the most surface water for irrigation of agricultural lands. </p><p>At the present (1980) state of groundwater development in Rockland basin, streams and aquifers are hydraulically connected. Pumping of groundwater in increased quantities from wells near streams will affect groundwater movement and may diminish streamflow. There are no long-term regional water table declines at present. Continued water level monitoring of selected wells may aid in documenting effects of future management practices on the groundwater system.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr82755","usgsCitation":"Williams, R.P., and Young, H., 1982, Water resources of Rockland Basin, southeastern Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-755, v, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82755.","productDescription":"v, 68 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":39550,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0755/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145557,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0755/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":412824,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75649.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"idaho","otherGeospatial":"Rockland Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.00005230365849,\n              42.727096308338844\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.00005230365849,\n              42.31807748978014\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.73189310111351,\n              42.31807748978014\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.73189310111351,\n              42.727096308338844\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.00005230365849,\n              42.727096308338844\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65da57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Rhea P.","contributorId":87114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Rhea","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, H.W.","contributorId":68278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"H.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":11420,"text":"ofr821052 - 1982 - Preliminary report on the geology and gold mineralization of the Gold Basin-Lost Basin mining districts, Mohave County, Arizona","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":11420,"text":"ofr821052 - 1982 - Preliminary report on the geology and gold mineralization of the Gold Basin-Lost Basin mining districts, Mohave County, Arizona","indexId":"ofr821052","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary report on the geology and gold mineralization of the Gold Basin-Lost Basin mining districts, Mohave County, Arizona"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":6409,"text":"pp1361 - 1987 - Geology and gold mineralization of the Gold Basin-Lost Basin mining districts, Mohave County, Arizona","indexId":"pp1361","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and gold mineralization of the Gold Basin-Lost Basin mining districts, Mohave County, Arizona"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":6409,"text":"pp1361 - 1987 - Geology and gold mineralization of the Gold Basin-Lost Basin mining districts, Mohave County, Arizona","indexId":"pp1361","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and gold mineralization of the Gold Basin-Lost Basin mining districts, Mohave County, Arizona"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-04T15:02:59.908005","indexId":"ofr821052","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-1052","title":"Preliminary report on the geology and gold mineralization of the Gold Basin-Lost Basin mining districts, Mohave County, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The Gold Basin-Lost Basin mining districts are adjacent to each other in northwestern Arizona, south of Lake Mead, and just west of the Grand Wash Cliffs. Most recorded production from lode deposits is credited to mines in the Gold Basin district, which is in the southern White Hills, whereas the bulk of the placer production has been from placers worked along the eastern flank of the Lost Basin range, about 16 km to the northeast across Hualapai Valley. Gold in quartz veins apparently was first discovered in the 1870's. Recorded production from the districts between 1901 and 1942 includes 13,508 oz gold and 6,857 oz silver, and this recorded production has a dollar value of about $359,000 of which 98 percent is credited to gold.</p><p>Most known occurrences of lode gold in the districts are associated with widespread quartz-cored pegmatite-vein systems, presumably emplaced episodically during Proterozoic X, Proterozoic Y, and Late Cretaceous time into Proterozoic X metamorphic and igneous rocks. The bulk of the veins apparently were emplaced during the Late Cretaceous, and they were localized along both high- and low-angle structures in the Proterozoic X terrane. These veins appear to be associated genetically with presumably Late Cretaceous, two-mica magmatism. A Late Cretaceous two-mica monzogranite crops out in an approximately 4 to 5 km<sup>2</sup> area in the southern part of the Gold Basin district and includes some facies of episyenite. Some gold is found also in small episyenitic alteration pipes, or in veins caught up tectonically along a regionally extensive, low-angle detachment surface which crops out prominently in the southern White Hills, and has been traced for at least 30 km along the western flank of the White Hills.</p><p>Hydrothermal micas from selected veins in the districts give K-Ar ages of 822, 712, 69, 68, and 65 m.y. (million years), and from the pipes, ages of 130 and 127 m.y. The oldest ages (822 and 712 m.y.) presumably reflect resetting of veins that probably were emplaced penecontemporaneous with emplacement of the 1,400-m.y. granite of Gold Butte, which crops out just to the north of Lake Mead. The latter ages (130 and 127 m.y.) must reflect either the presence of excess radiogenic argon in the hydrothermal environment of the evolving pipes, or contamination of the dated mineral separates by Proterozoic mica and (or) feldspar. Primary white mica from the two-mica monzogranite gives a K-Ar age of 72 m.y..</p><p>Most occurrences of gold in the veins and pipes probably reflect either remobilization of gold from gold-bearing, near-surface Proterozoic source areas, or anatectic incorporation of gold into Late Cretaceous, two-mica magmas from very deep gold-bearing Proterozoic sources. Deposition of gold occurred in a mesothermal environment during the galena-, chalcopyrite-, ferroan-carbonate-bearing stages of the veins. Homogenization studies of fluid inclusions prominent in the veins and pipes yield temperatures mostly in the range 150 to 280°C. Early-stage, trapping temperatures at the pipes probably were about 330°C and pressures in the range 500 to 700 bars can be inferred. Fluids were moderately saline, mostly 4 to 16 weight percent NaC1 equivalent, nonboiling, and also contain appreciable amounts of carbon dioxide and, in places, fluorine. Such fluids associated with the deposition of gold in these districts largely bridge the fluid composition interval between many other epithermal precious-metal and porphyry coper deposits.</p><p>Approximately 350 compositional analyses obtained from native-gold samples from 20 mines in the Gold Basin district and 48 veins in the Lost Basin district show silver contents that range from 6 to approximately 50 weight percent, and copper from 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent. Metal zonation and possible relation to a porphyry copper system at depth can be inferred from some of these chemical data. The differences in the composition of placer gold from 24 occurrences in the Lost Basin district from that of nearby lode sources suggest that other sources contributed gold to the placers or that locally derived grains were enriched by oxidation and weathering of the lodes.<br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr821052","usgsCitation":"Theodore, T., Blair, W.N., Nash, J.T., and McKee, E.H., 1982, Preliminary report on the geology and gold mineralization of the Gold Basin-Lost Basin mining districts, Mohave County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-1052, Report: x, 322 p.; 1 Plates: 34.44 x 28.31 inches; 3 Figures: 23.46 x 21.32 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr821052.","productDescription":"Report: x, 322 p.; 1 Plates: 34.44 x 28.31 inches; 3 Figures: 23.46 x 21.32 inches or 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Ted G.","contributorId":57840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theodore","given":"Ted G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blair, Will N.","contributorId":56623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blair","given":"Will","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nash, J. Thomas","contributorId":26306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKee, Edwin H. mckee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"mckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":163108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":10619,"text":"ofr811121 - 1982 - Water resources of the Ochlockonee River area, northwest Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-31T19:15:04.672539","indexId":"ofr811121","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1121","title":"Water resources of the Ochlockonee River area, northwest Florida","docAbstract":"<p>The Ochlockonee River area comprises about 1,420 square miles in the panhandle of northwest Florida. In 1975, the population of the area was about 48,000. Water use averaged 11.4 million gallons per day; about half was pumped from wells and half from streams.</p><p>The area receives 57 inches of precipitation per year on the average. Much of this water enters the surficial sand aquifer, seeps to streams, or enters the underlying water-bearing zone of the upper confining unit and the Floridan aquifer.</p><p>The water-bearing zone of the upper confining unit is used for rural domestic supplies and is also important because the water it stores is a source of recharge to the underlying Floridan aquifer.</p><p>The Floridan aquifer underlies all of the Ochlockonee River area and, except for the city of Quincy, is the principal source of municipal water supply. Well yields range from as little as 20 gallons per minute in Gadsden County to as much as 4,500 gallons per minute in Leon County. The transmissivity of the Floridan aquifer ranges from about 170 feet squared per day in the southern part of the area to 5,100 feet squared per day in the northern part. Storage coefficients calculated from two aquifer tests are 2 x 10-4 and 2.6 x 10-4. At Tallahassee, directly east of the Ochlockonee River, transmissivity is as high as 130,000 feet squared per day. The Floridan aquifer is recharged by downward leakage of water from the surficial sand aquifer and from the water-bearing zone of the upper confining unit. The Floridan aquifer is also recharged directly by rainfall in northern Leon County and in southern Georgia where it is near or at land surface. Ground water moves toward the southeast from the potentiometric high in southwestern Gadsden County and south from Leon County toward Wakulla Springs, located about 10 miles south of Tallahassee. The potentiometric surface of the upper part of the Floridan aquifer ranges from about 50 feet higher than that of the middle and lower part of the Floridan aquifer in southwestern Gadsden County to about 10 feet higher near Midway in eastern Gadsden County. The aquifer discharge in the basin area is by wells and by natural discharge through seeps and springs along the Ochlockonee River and at Ochlockonee Bay.</p><p>Water levels in the Floridan aquifer fluctuate in response to seasonal and long-term variations in rainfall. Hydrographs do not show evidence of any long-term water-level declining trend.</p><p>Saline water (more than 1,000 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids) occurs naturally within the Floridan aquifer throughout the Ochlockonee River area at depths ranging from 200 to 600 feet below sea level. The depth below which dissolved solids in water exceed 500 milligrams per liter in the Havana area ranges from 200 to 250 feet below sea level; in the Quincy area, from 400 to 450 feet below; and in the Greensboro area, from 200 to 250 feet below.</p><p>Concentrations of dissolved solids in water pumped from wells tapping the Floridan aquifer in the Ochlockonee River area range from 60 to 1,370 milligrams per liter; chloride from 0 to 630 milligrams per liter; sulfate from 0.0 to 280 milligrams per liter; and fluoride from 0.0 to 1.3 milligrams per liter.</p><p>Streamflow originating in the Ochlockonee River area in Florida averages about 1,000 million gallons per day; minimum discharge during dry periods is about 285 million gallons per day. Stream yields range from 0.90 to 2.62 cubic feet per second per square mile. Quincy Creek, at State Highway 267 at Quincy, the primary source of water for the city of Quincy, yields an average flow of 19 million gallons per day, has a 7-day 10-year low flow of 2.8 million gallons per day, and contains water of acceptable quality. The chemical quality of most streams in the basin is acceptable for most uses. Dissolved-solids concentration is generally less than 135 milligrams per liter; pH ranges from 5.3 to 7.3 units; color from 20 to 90 platinum-cobalt units; and turbidity from 3 to 85 Jackson turbidity units. Variations in chloride concentration in water from the Ochlockonee River (5.2 to 140 milligrams per liter) are influenced by discharge of food processing waste and municipal sewage plant effluent to the river.</p><p>The three large lakes in the basin range from 4,000 to 7,000 acres in surface area. All are now used primarily for recreation. Dissolved-solids concentrations of water from the lakes range from less than 20 to 50 milligrams per liter. A major flood occurred in 1975 when the Ochlockonee River near Havana reached the third highest stage of record and the peak flood at the Sopchoppy River exceeded that for the period of record (11 years in 1975); no significant damage occurred.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr811121","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Northwest Florida Water Management District, Gadsden County and the City of Quincy","usgsCitation":"Pascale, C.A., and Wagner, J.R., 1982, Water resources of the Ochlockonee River area, northwest Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1121, vii, 114 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811121.","productDescription":"vii, 114 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406025,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1121/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142486,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1121/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Ochlockonee River area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.75814819335936,\n              29.846599772557077\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.38735961914062,\n              29.846599772557077\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.38735961914062,\n              30.198552988693212\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.75814819335936,\n              30.198552988693212\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.75814819335936,\n              29.846599772557077\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f0499","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pascale, Charles A.","contributorId":99978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pascale","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, Jeffry R.","contributorId":48179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Jeffry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":9660,"text":"ofr8220 - 1982 - Gulf of Alaska and Lower Cook Inlet summary report 3: Second revision of Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas activities in the Gulf of Alaska (including Lower Cook Inlet) and their onshore impacts: A summary report, September 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-19T22:18:48.794983","indexId":"ofr8220","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-20","title":"Gulf of Alaska and Lower Cook Inlet summary report 3: Second revision of Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas activities in the Gulf of Alaska (including Lower Cook Inlet) and their onshore impacts: A summary report, September 1980","docAbstract":"<p>Five Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) lease sales have been held in the Gulf of Alaska subregion of Alaska. Lease Sale 39, in the northern Gulf of Alaska, was held on April 13, 1976, and it resulted in the leasing of 76 tracts. Lease Sale CI, held on October 27, 1977, resulted in the leasing of 87 tracts in Lower Cook Inlet. Lease Sale 55 in the eastern Gulf of Alaska, held on October 21, 1980, leased 35 tracts. The first Reoffering Sale (RS-1), held on June 30, 1981, resulted in the leasing of one tract in the eastern Gulf of Alaska. Lease Sale 60, the most recent sale in the subregion, was held on September 29, 1981. It resulted in the leasing of 13 tracts in the Lower Cook Inlet and the Shelikof Strait. Exploratory drilling has been conducted on tracts leased in Lease Sales 39 and CI. No commercial discoveries were made, and no further exploratory drilling is anticipated on tracts leased in either sale. ARCO has plans to explore a tract leased in Lease Sale 55 in January 1983. Chevron has conducted geohazard studies on tracts leased in Lease Sale 60. The results of these studies will determine if exploratory wells will be drilled. Exploratory drilling, if it does take place, is not anticipated before the summer of 1983.</p><p>In March 1982, the Department of the Interior prepared new resource estimates for the Gulf of Alaska subregion. The risked mean resource estimates for tracts leased in Lease Sale 55 and Lease Sale RS-1 are 12.1 million barrels of oil and 46.2 billion cubic feet of gas. The risked mean resource estimates for tracts leased in Lease Sale 60 are 5.6 million barrels of oil and 5 billion cubic feet of gas.</p><p>The onshore impacts from previous OCS exploration in the Gulf of Alaska and the Lower Cook Inlet were minimal. Yakutat will be used to support exploratory drilling on any Lease Sale 55 or Lease Sale RS-1 tracts. If exploratory drilling takes place on Lease Sale 60 tracts, support facilities are expected to be located in Kenai or on Kodiak Island.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8220","collaboration":"Prepared for the U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Jackson, J.B., and Kurz, F.N., 1982, Gulf of Alaska and Lower Cook Inlet summary report 3: Second revision of Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas activities in the Gulf of Alaska (including Lower Cook Inlet) and their onshore impacts: A summary report, September 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-20, viii, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8220.","productDescription":"viii, 79 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407019,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0020/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140984,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0020/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska, Outer Continental Shelf","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -176.923828125,\n              50.680797145321655\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.712890625,\n              50.680797145321655\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.712890625,\n              60.1524422143808\n            ],\n            [\n              -176.923828125,\n              60.1524422143808\n            ],\n            [\n              -176.923828125,\n              50.680797145321655\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a236","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, Joanne Barnes","contributorId":31752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Joanne","email":"","middleInitial":"Barnes","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurz, Frederick N.","contributorId":47785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurz","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":9354,"text":"ofr811113 - 1982 - Hydrology of Area 24, Eastern Coal Province, Alabama and Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T12:01:54","indexId":"ofr811113","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1113","title":"Hydrology of Area 24, Eastern Coal Province, Alabama and Georgia","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr811113","usgsCitation":"Harkins, J.R., and and others, 1982, Hydrology of Area 24, Eastern Coal Province, Alabama and Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1113, v, 81 p. :ill., col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811113.","productDescription":"v, 81 p. :ill., col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":144150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1113/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":94919,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1113/report.pdf","size":"24196","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94510,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015048192861?urlappend=%3Bseq=3"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Coal Province","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.4351806640625,\n              34.800272350556824\n            ],\n            [\n            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R.","contributorId":28982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harkins","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"and others","contributorId":127886,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"and others","id":528902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":9214,"text":"ofr82525 - 1982 - A presentation and evaluation of the hydrologic information available for the major federal coal lands in seven Eastern States; sources of available information and a plan for future work","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:17","indexId":"ofr82525","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-525","title":"A presentation and evaluation of the hydrologic information available for the major federal coal lands in seven Eastern States; sources of available information and a plan for future work","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82525","usgsCitation":"Grason, D., 1982, A presentation and evaluation of the hydrologic information available for the major federal coal lands in seven Eastern States; sources of available information and a plan for future work: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-525, 2 v. 335 p., ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82525.","productDescription":"2 v. 335 p., ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142882,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0525/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36825,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0525/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a9aa7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grason, David","contributorId":29819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grason","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":7503,"text":"ofr82916 - 1982 - Selected hydrologic data, Price River basin, Utah, water years 1979 and 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-01T14:57:41","indexId":"ofr82916","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-916","title":"Selected hydrologic data, Price River basin, Utah, water years 1979 and 1980","docAbstract":"<p>The Price River basin in east-central Utah includes a significant part of the Wasatch Plateau and Book Cliffs coal-fields area (pi. 1) and currently (1980) is part of the most active coal-mining areas in the State.</p><p>This report presents data gathered by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of a hydrologic study carried out during the water years 1979 and 1980 in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management. The data were obtained in the field or from private, State, and other Federal agencies. The purpose of this report is to make the data available to those engaged in coal mining, to those assessing water resources that may possibly be affected by coal mining, and to supplement two interpretive reports that will be published at a later date. Other sources of hydrologic data in the Price River basin include Waddell and others, 1978 and Sumsion, 1979.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/ofr82916","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Waddell, K., Dodge, J., Darby, D., and Theobald, S., 1982, Selected hydrologic data, Price River basin, Utah, water years 1979 and 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-916, Report: iv, 73 p.; Plate: 23.85 in. x 22.64 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82916.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 73 p.; Plate: 23.85 in. x 22.64 in.","numberOfPages":"77","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":34957,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0916/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34958,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0916/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0916/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a05e4b07f02db5f8830","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddell, K.M.","contributorId":59009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodge, J.E.","contributorId":21133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Darby, D.W.","contributorId":49333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darby","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Theobald, S.M.","contributorId":51270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theobald","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":7457,"text":"ofr821033 - 1982 - Probabilistic estimates of maximum acceleration and velocity in rock in the contiguous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:13","indexId":"ofr821033","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-1033","title":"Probabilistic estimates of maximum acceleration and velocity in rock in the contiguous United States","docAbstract":"Maximum horizontal accelerations and velocities caused by earthquakes are mapped for exposure times of 10, 50 and 250 years at the 90-percent probability level of nonexceedance for the contiguous United States. In many areas these new maps differ significantly from the 1976 probabilistic acceleration map by Algermlssen and Perkins because of the increase in detail, resulting from greater emphasis on the geologic basis for seismic source zones. This new emphasis is possible because of extensive data recently acquired on Holocene and Quaternary faulting in the western United States and new interpretations of geologic structures controlling the seismicity pattern in the central and eastern United States. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr821033","usgsCitation":"Algermissen, S.T., Perkins, D.M., Thenhaus, P., Hanson, S., and Bender, B., 1982, Probabilistic estimates of maximum acceleration and velocity in rock in the contiguous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-1033, 107 p., ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr821033.","productDescription":"107 p., ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1033/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34868,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1033/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34869,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1033/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34870,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1033/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34871,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1033/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34872,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1033/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34873,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1033/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34874,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1033/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9fe4b07f02db660d58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Algermissen, Sylvester Theodore","contributorId":94300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Algermissen","given":"Sylvester","email":"","middleInitial":"Theodore","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perkins, D. M.","contributorId":83922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thenhaus, P.C.","contributorId":46089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thenhaus","given":"P.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanson, S.L.","contributorId":47361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bender, B.L.","contributorId":99976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bender","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":7127,"text":"ofr811115 - 1982 - An evaluation of water-quality monitoring in the Brandywine Creek basin, Pennsylvania, 1973-78","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-20T10:02:13","indexId":"ofr811115","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1115","title":"An evaluation of water-quality monitoring in the Brandywine Creek basin, Pennsylvania, 1973-78","docAbstract":"Data recorded from 1973 through 1978 by monitors on West Branch Brandywine Creek at Modena, East Branch Brandywine Creek below Downingtown, and Brandywine Creek at Chadds Ford were analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of the monitors in describing water-quality conditions. The data show that the stream at Modena and below Downingtown had periods of low dissolved oxygen, and that the stream below Downingtown had a particularly severe dissolved-oxygen deficiency from May through September 1974. The pH at all three sites exceeded 9.0 at times and the pH below Downingtown occasionally dropped below 6.0. The most critical period in the basin was from March to November when pH was most likely to exceed water-quality standards and dissolved oxygen was most likely to fall below the standards. Without the monitors, the extent and magnitude of these problems would not have been detected.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Harrisburg, PA","doi":"10.3133/ofr811115","usgsCitation":"Murphy, J., Ritter, J., Brown, A., and Chiarella, J., 1982, An evaluation of water-quality monitoring in the Brandywine Creek basin, Pennsylvania, 1973-78: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1115, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811115.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":141561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1115/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":277911,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1115/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.0000,39.7283 ], [ -76.0000,40.1250 ], [ -75.2563,40.1250 ], [ -75.2563,39.7283 ], [ -76.0000,39.7283 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db68484c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, J.J.","contributorId":69144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ritter, J.R.","contributorId":22350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritter","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, A.E.","contributorId":48557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chiarella, J.P.","contributorId":17603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiarella","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":56284,"text":"wdrWA802 - 1982 - Water resources data for Washington, water year 1980: Vol. 2 - Eastern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-21T17:52:28.421042","indexId":"wdrWA802","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"WA-80-2","title":"Water resources data for Washington, water year 1980: Vol. 2 - Eastern Washington","docAbstract":"<p>Water Resources data for the 1980 water year for Washington consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground-water wells. This report in two volumes contains records for water discharge at 233 gaging stations stage only at 5 gaging stations; stage and contents at 41 lakes and reservoirs; and water quality at 39 gaging stations (including 6 lakes and reservoirs) and 100 wells; and water levels at 164 observation wells. Also included are data for 14 crest-stage, and 89 water-quality partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program and are published as miscellaneous measurements analyses. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State, local and Federal agencies in Washington.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrWA802","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Washington and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1982, Water resources data for Washington, water year 1980: Vol. 2 - Eastern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report WA-80-2, x, 332 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrWA802.","productDescription":"x, 332 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":492667,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1980/wa-80-2/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":174737,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1980/wa-80-2/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":56201,"text":"wdrNY811 - 1982 - Water resources data, New York, water year 1981; Volume 1. Eastern New York excluding Long Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-22T21:02:49.725547","indexId":"wdrNY811","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"NY-81-1","title":"Water resources data, New York, water year 1981; Volume 1. Eastern New York excluding Long Island","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1981 water year for New York consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels of ground-water wells. This volume contains records for water discharge at 105 gaging stations; stage only at 6 gaging stations; and stage and contents at 4 gaging stations and 19 other lakes and reservoirs; water quality at 29 gaging stations, 5 precipitation stations and 4 partial-record stations; and water levels at 23 observation wells. Also included are data for 50 crest-stage and 14 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program and are published as miscellaneous measurements and analyses. These data together with the data in Volumes 2 and 3 represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State, local, and Federal agencies in New York.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrNY811","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of New York and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1982, Water resources data, New York, water year 1981; Volume 1. Eastern New York excluding Long Island: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report NY-81-1, viii, 318 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrNY811.","productDescription":"viii, 318 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":431318,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1981/ny-81-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":180910,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1981/ny-81-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"eastern New York excluding Long Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.50726953585145,\n              44.98041799746011\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.02932029130172,\n              44.98041799746011\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.02932029130172,\n              41.044913356229046\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.50726953585145,\n              41.044913356229046\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.50726953585145,\n              44.98041799746011\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f5e4b07f02db5f0f16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":7978,"text":"ofr82585 - 1982 - The Giles County, Virginia, seismogenic zone-- Seismological results and geological interpretations","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7978,"text":"ofr82585 - 1982 - The Giles County, Virginia, seismogenic zone-- Seismological results and geological interpretations","indexId":"ofr82585","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"The Giles County, Virginia, seismogenic zone-- Seismological results and geological interpretations"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38521,"text":"pp1355 - 1988 - The Giles County, Virginia, seismic zone– Seismological results and geological interpretations","indexId":"pp1355","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"The Giles County, Virginia, seismic zone– Seismological results and geological interpretations"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":38521,"text":"pp1355 - 1988 - The Giles County, Virginia, seismic zone– Seismological results and geological interpretations","indexId":"pp1355","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"The Giles County, Virginia, seismic zone– Seismological results and geological interpretations"},"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-21T17:27:41.443217","indexId":"ofr82585","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-585","title":"The Giles County, Virginia, seismogenic zone-- Seismological results and geological interpretations","docAbstract":"<p>This paper describes and interprets a newly-recognized 40-km-long seismogenic zone, which is inferred to have been the locus of a damaging earthquake in 1897. That shock was the second largest known to have occurred in the southeastern United States (MMI VIII, m<sup>b</sup> estimated at 5.8, felt over 725,000 km<sub>2</sub>). It struck Giles County in southwestern Virginia, and a recurrence would affect populous regions on and near the central Atlantic seaboard. This paper attempts to aid in evaluating that hazard by presenting and synthesizing new seismological data with geological inferences and deductions.</p><p>A five-station, 60-km aperture seismic network has been in operation in the Giles County locale since early 1978. For the subsequent 3-year monitoring period, 10 microearthquakes (M &lt; 2) have been detected. Eight of those 10 events, plus an additional 4 relocated felt earthquakes (3.2 &lt; M &lt; 4.1; 1959-1976) have a tabular distribution centered at Pearisburg, Virginia. That distribution is about 40 km long, 10 km wide, strikes N. 43° E., and has a nearly vertical extent of from 5 km to 25 km in depth. Thus, a Giles County seismogenic zone is defined presently by 12 earthquakes that span 4 orders of magnitude (0 &lt; M &lt; 4) and 2 decades of time (1959-1980). We conclude that the 1897 earthquake occurred on that seismogenic zone. From the orientation of the tabular zone, from evidence that greatest horizontal compressive stress trends east-northeasterly at seismogenic depths in and near Giles County and from sparse P-wave first-motion data, we infer that the monitored microseismicity probably occurs by right-reverse motion on the seismogenic zone, with the southeast side dropping down with respect to the northwest side.</p><p>In the Giles County locale, the upper 3-6 km of the crust are Paleozoic sedimentary rocks that have moved some tens of kilometers northwest on nearly horizontal detachment faults. The above-mentioned reliable hypocenters for the region lie below the deepest likely detachment, indicating that Giles County seismicity probably has no simple relationship to surface geology.</p><p>Since Precambrian time, three deformational episodes could have formed steep faults under today's surface structures, at the observed hypocentral depths. These episodes were as follows: (1) As the Iapetus Ocean (Atlantic's predecessor) opened in late Precambrian or early Paleozoic time, northeast-striking normal faults formed, probably at the inferred Iapetan continental edge in central Virginia and at least as far northwest of that locus as Giles County. (2) In late Paleozoic time, detachment faults loaded the crust with several kilometers of overthrust sedimentary rocks, perhaps forming northeast-striking thrust-load faults in a brittle analogue of isostatic depression caused by thrust masses and much lighter continental glaciers. (3) As the Atlantic Ocean opened in Mesozoic time, other northeast-striking normal faults formed on the present continental margin and inland of it.</p><p>The N. 43° E.-striking seismogenic zone seems most likely to have resulted from compressional reactivation of an Iapetan normal fault, which also may have been reactivated by late Paleozoic compression and Mesozoic extension. First, the seismogenic zone probably does not occur on a thrust-load fault. The zone underlies detached structures of southern Appalachian orientations (east-northeast), but those structures are not known to be displaced where they cross the zone. Thus, if the zone occurs on a thrust-load fault, the fault and its coeval causative central Appalachian detachments would pre-date the southern Appalachian structures. That deduction contradicts stratigraphic and structural estimates of relative ages of southern and central Appalachian detachments. Second, the zone probably does not result from a Mesozoic normal fault, because known locations of Mesozoic normal faults and grabens are well to the southeast of Giles County.</p><p>Not yet known is where else in the East reactivated Iapetan normal faults might generate shocks similar to that of 1897. However, our analysis enables us to suggest specific geological and geophysical investigations that may produce results useful in answering that question. Such investigations can concentrate on defining the area of probable occurrence of other Iapetan normal faults, and on determining whether the one inferred to underlie Giles County is uniquely active or is typical of others that might exist elsewhere.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr82585","usgsCitation":"Bollinger, G.A., and Wheeler, R.L., 1982, The Giles County, Virginia, seismogenic zone-- Seismological results and geological interpretations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-585, iv, 136 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82585.","productDescription":"iv, 136 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":412470,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0585/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140332,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0585/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Giles County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-80.4761,37.4269],[-80.4506,37.3704],[-80.4417,37.3506],[-80.428,37.3194],[-80.4481,37.3088],[-80.4756,37.2905],[-80.4912,37.2822],[-80.5049,37.273],[-80.5147,37.2688],[-80.5302,37.2633],[-80.5551,37.2608],[-80.5787,37.2542],[-80.6075,37.2467],[-80.6219,37.2425],[-80.6724,37.2239],[-80.6828,37.2197],[-80.7051,37.209],[-80.7218,37.2039],[-80.7794,37.1888],[-80.804,37.1786],[-80.8286,37.1615],[-80.856,37.1476],[-80.8678,37.157],[-80.8824,37.1686],[-80.8624,37.1797],[-80.8725,37.1928],[-80.8947,37.1798],[-81.0099,37.2746],[-80.9785,37.294],[-80.9777,37.2934],[-80.9772,37.2932],[-80.9756,37.2931],[-80.9686,37.2927],[-80.9651,37.2932],[-80.9595,37.294],[-80.9566,37.2948],[-80.949,37.2971],[-80.9394,37.2999],[-80.9347,37.3015],[-80.9209,37.307],[-80.9111,37.3107],[-80.8985,37.3171],[-80.8916,37.3218],[-80.8859,37.3264],[-80.8813,37.33],[-80.8795,37.3312],[-80.8767,37.3332],[-80.8735,37.3352],[-80.8709,37.3368],[-80.8646,37.3401],[-80.8627,37.3411],[-80.859,37.3434],[-80.8544,37.3453],[-80.8516,37.3476],[-80.8504,37.3495],[-80.8532,37.3533],[-80.8705,37.371],[-80.8736,37.3737],[-80.8782,37.3777],[-80.8817,37.3817],[-80.8824,37.3848],[-80.8808,37.3889],[-80.8778,37.3926],[-80.8643,37.4096],[-80.8655,37.4132],[-80.8661,37.4159],[-80.8662,37.4184],[-80.8661,37.4189],[-80.8633,37.423],[-80.8627,37.4239],[-80.8575,37.4304],[-80.853,37.4278],[-80.8484,37.4256],[-80.8451,37.4257],[-80.842,37.4257],[-80.8367,37.4248],[-80.8321,37.4222],[-80.8244,37.4168],[-80.8157,37.4115],[-80.8097,37.4062],[-80.8051,37.4012],[-80.8021,37.3981],[-80.8004,37.3963],[-80.7986,37.3954],[-80.7968,37.395],[-80.7963,37.3948],[-80.7939,37.3946],[-80.7934,37.3945],[-80.7899,37.3945],[-80.7864,37.3936],[-80.7834,37.3923],[-80.7793,37.3878],[-80.7757,37.382],[-80.7709,37.3729],[-80.7629,37.3748],[-80.7531,37.3776],[-80.7507,37.3784],[-80.7423,37.3812],[-80.7307,37.3849],[-80.7248,37.3874],[-80.7198,37.3895],[-80.7052,37.3958],[-80.7048,37.396],[-80.684,37.4056],[-80.6696,37.4116],[-80.6518,37.4199],[-80.6363,37.4282],[-80.6276,37.4328],[-80.6219,37.4361],[-80.6176,37.4385],[-80.613,37.4404],[-80.6077,37.4427],[-80.6052,37.4439],[-80.603,37.445],[-80.5986,37.4473],[-80.5899,37.4523],[-80.5807,37.4583],[-80.5732,37.4628],[-80.5673,37.4661],[-80.5563,37.4707],[-80.55,37.4729],[-80.5407,37.4752],[-80.5309,37.4768],[-80.5182,37.4796],[-80.5156,37.48],[-80.5124,37.4806],[-80.5083,37.481],[-80.5054,37.4802],[-80.5026,37.4789],[-80.5002,37.4761],[-80.4984,37.473],[-80.4954,37.4666],[-80.4932,37.4596],[-80.4931,37.4528],[-80.4937,37.4487],[-80.4939,37.4467],[-80.4942,37.4446],[-80.4936,37.4419],[-80.4919,37.4396],[-80.4905,37.4379],[-80.4901,37.4374],[-80.4884,37.4356],[-80.486,37.4333],[-80.4831,37.4319],[-80.4802,37.4283],[-80.4761,37.4269]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Giles\",\"state\":\"VA\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c56e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bollinger, G. A.","contributorId":55809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollinger","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wheeler, Russell L. wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":8665,"text":"ofr811047 - 1982 - Analytical method codes and descriptions for well and outcrop samples: Eastern Gas Shales Project data system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-31T19:08:57.064605","indexId":"ofr811047","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1047","title":"Analytical method codes and descriptions for well and outcrop samples: Eastern Gas Shales Project data system","docAbstract":"<p>The United States Geological Survey and Petroleum Information Corporation (PI) of Denver have created a large computerized file of sample data for the Eastern Gas Shales Project (EGSP) as a responsibility to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC), Morgantown, West Virginia. The EGSP was initiated in 1976 by METC to investigate gas resources in Devonian shales found in the Appalachian basin. An objective of the EGSP is to accumulate a data base characterizing these shale units which can be used to assess future development of the gas resource. More than 30 government and industry participants served as contractors and contributed data from their research.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr811047","usgsCitation":"Dyman, T.S., Wilcox, L., and Foster, M., 1982, Analytical method codes and descriptions for well and outcrop samples: Eastern Gas Shales Project data system: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1047, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811047.","productDescription":"44 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406018,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1047/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1047/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acee4b07f02db67fa14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dyman, T. S.","contributorId":21161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyman","given":"T.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilcox, L.A.","contributorId":8098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foster, M.R.","contributorId":82970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":4301,"text":"cir861 - 1982 - Geological studies of the COST nos. G-1 and G-2 wells, United States North Atlantic outer continental shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T17:49:36","indexId":"cir861","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"861","title":"Geological studies of the COST nos. G-1 and G-2 wells, United States North Atlantic outer continental shelf","docAbstract":"The COST Nos. G-1 and G-2 wells (fig. 1) are the second and third deep stratigraphic test wells drilled in the North Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf of the United States. COST No. G-1 was drilled in the Georges Bank basin to a total depth of 16,071 ft (4,898 m). G-1 bottomed in phyllite, slate, and metaquartzite overlain by weakly metamorphosed dolomite, all of Cambrian age. From approximately 15,600 to 12,400 ft (4,755 to 3,780 m) the strata are Upper Triassic(?), Lower Jurassic(?), and Middle Jurassic, predominantly red shales, sandstones, and conglomerates. Thin, gray Middle Jurassic beds of shale, sandstone, limestone, and dolomite occur from 12,400 to 9,900 ft (3,780 to 3,018 m). From 9,900 to 1,030 ft (3,018 to 314 m) are coarse-grained unconsolidated sands and loosely cemented sandstones, with beds of gray shale, lignite, and coal. The microfossils indicate the rocks are Upper Jurassic from 10,100 ft (3,078 m) up to 5,400 ft (1,646 m) and Cretaceous from that depth to 1,030 ft (314 m). No younger or shallower rocks were recovered in the drilling at the COST No. G-1 site, but an Eocene limestone is inferred to be disconformable over Santonian strata. The Jurassic strata of the COST No. G-1 well were deposited in shallow marine, marginal marine, and nonmarine environments, which changed to a dominantly shallow marine but still nearshore environment in the Cretaceous. \r\n\r\nThe COST No. G-2 well was drilled 42 statute miles {68 km) east of the G-1 site, still within the Georges Bank basin, to a depth of 21,874 ft (6,667 m). The bottom 40 ft (12 m) of salt and anhydrite is overlain by approximately 7,000 ft {2,134 m) of Upper Triassic{?), Lower Jurassic{?) and Middle Jurassic dolomite, limestone, and interbedded anhydrite from 21,830 to 13,615 ft (6,654 to 4,153 m). From 13,500 to 9,700 ft (4,115 to 2,957 m) are Middle Jurassic limestones with interbedded sandstone. From 9,700 to 4,000 ft (2,957 to 1,219 m) are Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous interbedded sandstones and limestones overlain by Upper Cretaceous unconsolidated sands, sandstones, and calcareous shales. Pliocene, Miocene, Eocene, and Paleocene strata are disconformable over Santonian rocks; uppermost Cretaceous rocks are missing at this site, as at G-1. The sedimentary rocks in the COST No. G-2 well were deposited in somewhat deeper water, farther away from sources of terrigenous material than those at G-l, but still in marginal marine to shallow marine environments. \r\n\r\nData from geophysical logs and examination of conventional cores, wellcuttings, and sidewall cores show that below 10,000 ft {3,048 m), the strata in both wells have moderate porosities {< 20 percent) and low to moderate permeabilities {< 100 mD) and are thus considered adequate to poor reservoir rocks. Above 10,000 ft (3,000 m) the porosities range from 16 to 39 percent, and the permeabilities are highly variable, ranging from 0.01 to 7,100 mD. \r\n\r\nMeasurements of vitrinite reflectance, color alteration of visible organic matter, and various organic geochemical properties suggest that the Tertiary and Cretaceous strata of the COST Nos. G-1 and G-2 are not prospective for oil and gas. These sediments have not been buried deeply enough for hydrocarbon generation, and the kerogen and extractable organic matter in them are thermally immature. However, the Jurassic rocks at the G-1 site do contain small amounts of thermally mature gas-prone kerogens. The Jurassic rocks at COST No. G-2 are also gas-prone and are slightly richer in organic carbon and total extractable hydrocarbons than the G-1 rocks, but both sites have only poor to fair oil and gas source-rock potential.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir861","usgsCitation":"Wenkam, C.R., 1982, Geological studies of the COST nos. G-1 and G-2 wells, United States North Atlantic outer continental shelf: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 861, vi, 193 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir861.","productDescription":"vi, 193 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31412,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1982/0861/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1982/0861/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db687461","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Scholle, Peter A.","contributorId":60194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholle","given":"Peter A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749517,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Wenkam, Chiye R.","contributorId":105286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenkam","given":"Chiye","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":8829,"text":"ofr82888 - 1982 - Origin of the Mariano Lake uranium deposit, McKinley County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-30T16:28:14.587118","indexId":"ofr82888","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-888","title":"Origin of the Mariano Lake uranium deposit, McKinley County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>The Mariano Lake uranium deposit, hosted by the Brushy Basin Member of the Jurassic Morrison Formation, occurs in the trough of an east-west trending syncline at the western end of the Smith Lake-Mariano Lake group of uranium deposits near Crownpoint, New Mexico. The orebody, which contains abundant amorphous organic material, is situated on the reduced side of a regional reduction-oxidation (redox) interface. The presence of amorphous organic material suggests the orebody may represent a tabular (primary) deposit, whereas the close proximity of the orebody to the redox interface is suggestive that uranium was secondarily redistributed by oxidative processes from pre-existing tabular orebodies. Uranium contents correlate positively with both organic carbon and vanadium contents. Petrographic evidence and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive analyses point to uranium residence in the epigentically introduced amorphous organic material, which coats detrital grains and fills voids. Uranium mineralization was preceded by the following diagenetic alterations: precipitation of pyrite (ẟ<sup>34</sup>S values ranging from-11.0 to-38.2 per mil); precipitation of mixed-layer smectite-illite clays; partial dissolution of some of the detrital feldspar population; and precipitation of quartz and adularia overgrowths. Alterations associated with uranium mineralization include emplacement of amorphous organic material (possibly uranium bearing); destruction of detrital iron-titanium oxide grains; coprecipitation of chlorite and microcrystalline quartz, and precipitation of pyrite and marcasite (ẟ<sup>34</sup>S values for these sulfides ranging from -29.4 to -41.6 per mil). After mineralization, calcite, dolomite, barite, and kaolinite precipitated, and authigenic iron disulfides were replaced by ferric oxides and hydroxides. Geochemical data (primarily the positive correlation of uranium content to both organic carbon and vanadium contents) and petrographic observations (epigentically introduced amorphous organic matter and uranium residence in this organic matter) indicate that the Mariano Lake orebody is a tabular-type uranium deposit. Oxidative processes have not noticeably redistributed and reconcentrated primary uranium in the immediate vicinity of the deposit nor have they greatly modified geochemical characteristics in the ore. Preservation of the Mariano Lake deposit may not only be related to its position along the synclinal trough, where oxidative destruction of the orebody has been inhibited by stagnation of oxidizing ground waters by the structure, but also due to the deflection of ground waters (resulting from low orebody porosity) around the orebody.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr82888","usgsCitation":"Fishman, N.S., and Reynolds, R.L., 1982, Origin of the Mariano Lake uranium deposit, McKinley County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-888, iii, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82888.","productDescription":"iii, 52 p.","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":141608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0888/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36405,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0888/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"McKinley County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-109.0452,36.006],[-108.7687,36.0063],[-108.3738,36.0044],[-108.2646,36.0038],[-108.1559,36.0027],[-108.1468,36.0028],[-108.1411,36.0029],[-108.1224,36.0028],[-107.8738,36.0034],[-107.8351,36.0035],[-107.6776,36.0031],[-107.66,36.0034],[-107.6423,36.0032],[-107.6247,36.0034],[-107.6213,36.003],[-107.6042,36.0032],[-107.5866,36.003],[-107.5718,36.0027],[-107.5541,36.0025],[-107.5513,36.0026],[-107.5161,36.0026],[-107.4421,36.0008],[-107.4068,36.0007],[-107.3875,36.0009],[-107.3397,36.0006],[-107.317,36.0008],[-107.3056,36.0005],[-107.3054,35.991],[-107.3058,35.9765],[-107.3055,35.9311],[-107.3051,35.8744],[-107.3049,35.8295],[-107.3047,35.8168],[-107.3053,35.7864],[-107.3054,35.7573],[-107.3057,35.7419],[-107.3049,35.7301],[-107.3052,35.7151],[-107.305,35.6997],[-107.3053,35.6852],[-107.305,35.6707],[-107.3048,35.6552],[-107.3046,35.6439],[-107.3041,35.6139],[-107.3032,35.5277],[-107.3035,35.4787],[-107.3025,35.4247],[-107.3016,35.3021],[-107.518,35.3036],[-107.5231,35.3036],[-107.6183,35.3059],[-107.6229,35.3059],[-107.6231,35.3159],[-107.6243,35.3485],[-107.7287,35.3489],[-107.7295,35.3366],[-107.7288,35.3062],[-107.7812,35.3063],[-107.8111,35.3063],[-107.8297,35.3065],[-107.8336,35.3064],[-107.9159,35.3065],[-107.9351,35.3066],[-107.9396,35.3065],[-107.974,35.3064],[-107.992,35.3066],[-108.0473,35.307],[-108.143,35.3057],[-108.151,35.307],[-108.2558,35.3077],[-108.364,35.3065],[-108.4661,35.3081],[-108.4644,35.2214],[-108.4659,35.1623],[-108.4661,35.1355],[-108.4673,35.0501],[-108.4678,34.9597],[-108.497,34.96],[-108.52,34.96],[-108.7809,34.9595],[-109.0458,34.9611],[-109.0458,35.166],[-109.0457,35.1796],[-109.0457,35.1941],[-109.0457,35.2078],[-109.0457,35.2228],[-109.0457,35.2359],[-109.0456,35.3531],[-109.0457,35.6637],[-109.0452,36.006]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"McKinley\",\"state\":\"NM\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635e15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fishman, Neil S.","contributorId":106464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishman","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":139068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":158403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":250,"text":"wsp2180 - 1982 - Summary of hydrologic testing in Tertiary limestone aquifer, Tenneco offshore exploratory well--Atlantic OCS, lease-block 427 (Jacksonville NH 17-5)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":12324,"text":"ofr80558 - 1980 - Summary of hydrologic testing in Tertiary limestone aquifer, Tenneco offshore exploratory well-Atlantic OCS, lease block 427 (Jacksonville NH-17-5)","indexId":"ofr80558","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Summary of hydrologic testing in Tertiary limestone aquifer, Tenneco offshore exploratory well-Atlantic OCS, lease block 427 (Jacksonville NH-17-5)"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":250,"text":"wsp2180 - 1982 - Summary of hydrologic testing in Tertiary limestone aquifer, Tenneco offshore exploratory well--Atlantic OCS, lease-block 427 (Jacksonville NH 17-5)","indexId":"wsp2180","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Summary of hydrologic testing in Tertiary limestone aquifer, Tenneco offshore exploratory well--Atlantic OCS, lease-block 427 (Jacksonville NH 17-5)"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:06","indexId":"wsp2180","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2180","title":"Summary of hydrologic testing in Tertiary limestone aquifer, Tenneco offshore exploratory well--Atlantic OCS, lease-block 427 (Jacksonville NH 17-5)","docAbstract":"A summary of hydrologic testing in an offshore oil-test well (LB427) drilled for Tenneco, Inc., 55 miles east of Fernandina Beach, Florida, is presented. The interval tested (1,050 to 1,070 feet below sea level) is in a calcarenite that is equivalent to the Ocala Limestone (late Eocene) of onshore Florida and South Georgia. At this site the Ocala forms the highly productive Tertiary limestone aquifer system of the southeastern United States. Pressure-head measurements indicate an equivalent freshwater head of 24 to 29 feet above sea level. These pressure-head measurements and an earlier one made in the nearby JOIDES J- I hole are the only hydraulic head determinations to date in the offshore extensions of any of the aquifers underlying the Atlantic coastal plain. \r\n\r\nA drill-stem test recovered water samples containing about 7,000 milligrams per liter chloride. However, seawater used in the drilling process apparently contaminated the samples and the formation water is considered slightly fresher. \r\n\r\nThe head and salinity data from the Tenneco well suggest that the sampled interval lies in the transition zone between fresh and seawater in the limestone aquifer. These data, when viewed with similar data from JOIDES J-I, show the transition zone to slope very slightly landward. The interface position is probably intermediate between a position compatible with present-day heads and a position compatible with predevelopment heads.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wsp2180","usgsCitation":"Johnston, R.H., Bush, P.W., Krause, R.E., Miller, J.A., and Sprinkle, C.L., 1982, Summary of hydrologic testing in Tertiary limestone aquifer, Tenneco offshore exploratory well--Atlantic OCS, lease-block 427 (Jacksonville NH 17-5): U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2180, iii, 15 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2180.","productDescription":"iii, 15 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":136616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2180/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":24856,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2180/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699034","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, Richard H.","contributorId":95860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":142148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bush, Peter W.","contributorId":57820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":142147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krause, Richard E.","contributorId":40185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krause","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":142144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, James A.","contributorId":49772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":142146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sprinkle, Craig L.","contributorId":41802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprinkle","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":142145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":11563,"text":"ofr80676 - 1982 - Estimating peak discharges of small rural streams in Massachusetts","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":11563,"text":"ofr80676 - 1982 - Estimating peak discharges of small rural streams in Massachusetts","indexId":"ofr80676","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating peak discharges of small rural streams in Massachusetts"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2880,"text":"wsp2214 - 1983 - Estimating peak discharges of small, rural streams in Massachusetts","indexId":"wsp2214","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating peak discharges of small, rural streams in Massachusetts"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":2880,"text":"wsp2214 - 1983 - Estimating peak discharges of small, rural streams in Massachusetts","indexId":"wsp2214","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating peak discharges of small, rural streams in Massachusetts"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-09T15:49:04.64596","indexId":"ofr80676","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-676","title":"Estimating peak discharges of small rural streams in Massachusetts","docAbstract":"<p>Floodflows on natural-flow streams in Massachusetts with drainage areas between 0.25 square miles and 260 square miles may be estimated from drainage area, main-channel slope, mean basin elevation, and the area of swamps, lakes, and ponds. Multiple-regression techniques were used to define the relationship between a suite of basin and climatic characteristics and flood peaks in three flood-frequency regions at a total of 95 sites. Station flood-frequency data were computed following guidelines in Bulletin I7A of the U.S. Water Resources Council. The frequency analyses are based upon weighted skew values, and adjustments for high and low outliers, and historic peak data. Regression equations for estimation of peak discharges for 0.5, 0.2, 0.1, 0.04, 0.02, and 0.01 exceedance probabilities are provided for ungaged sites. An improved sample of flood peaks and gaging stations and the definition of three flood-frequency regions reduced the standard error of estimate by about 5 percent over those for the 1977 relations. Included in this analysis were the synthetic flood-frequency data at eight sites computed using historic climatic data and 10 parameters optimized by calibration of the U.S. Geological Survey's rainfall-runoff model with storm data observed over II years. The equations are applicable to streams unaffected by regulation where the usable manmade storage is less than 4.5 million cubic feet per square mile, or by diversions or urbanization. The equations are restricted to sites where the basin indices are within a specified range outside of eastern Plymouth, Barnstable, Dukes or Nantucket Counties. In these areas, the available data do not adequately define the influence of high infiltration and storage capacities of drainage basins on floodflows.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80676","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Massachusetts Department of Public Works and the U.S. Department of Highway Transportation, Federal Highway Administration","usgsCitation":"Wandle, S.W., 1982, Estimating peak discharges of small rural streams in Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-676, iv, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80676.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":405034,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0676/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0676/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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