This collection of 20 papers continues the annual series of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reports on geologic investigations in Alaska1 . Contributions cover a broad spectrum of earth science topics and report results from all parts of the State (fig. 1).
\nUSGS activities in Alaska include studies of environment and climate, hazards, resources, and geologic framework. Five papers in this volume discuss aspects of environment and climate. Environmental geochemistry of parts of southwestern and south-central Alaska is the focus of four articles; a fifth study, of emergent postglacial lake shorelines in southwestern Alaska, contributes to ongoing investigations of paleoclimate. Two papers address geologic hazards. The first assesses ground deformation in Katmai National Park at Novarupta dome, site of the largest volcanic eruption in this century, and the second evaluates earthquake risks related to the \"Twin Peak fault\" near Anchorage. Resources, including metallic minerals in northern, southwestern, and southeastern Alaska and coal in south-central Alaska, are discussed in four articles. Nine geologic framework studies apply a variety of techniques to a wide range of subjects throughout Alaska, including tectonics, geophysics, geochronology, bio stratigraphy, sedimentology, paleogeography, and paleomagnetism.
\nTwo bibliographies at the end of the volume list reports about Alaska in USGS publications released in 1995 and reports about Alaska by USGS authors in non-USGS publications in 1995.
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-146.18408203125,\n 59.277108010511675\n ],\n [\n -144.1845703125,\n 59.734253447591364\n ],\n [\n -143.10791015625,\n 60.04290359809164\n ],\n [\n -141.6796875,\n 59.94400716933027\n ],\n [\n -139.306640625,\n 59.33318942659219\n ],\n [\n -137.26318359375,\n 58.39019698411526\n ],\n [\n -135.9228515625,\n 57.016814017391106\n ],\n [\n -133.74755859375,\n 54.610254981579146\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6880da","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544571,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, John E. jgray@usgs.gov","contributorId":1275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","email":"jgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544572,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25497,"text":"wri974007 - 1997 - Evaluation of radionuclide, inorganic constituent, and organic compound data from selected wells and springs from the southern boundary of the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory to the Hagerman Area, Idaho, 1989 through 1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:14","indexId":"wri974007","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4007","title":"Evaluation of radionuclide, inorganic constituent, and organic compound data from selected wells and springs from the southern boundary of the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory to the Hagerman Area, Idaho, 1989 through 1992","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974007","usgsCitation":"Bartholomay, R.C., Williams, L.M., and Campbell, L., 1997, Evaluation of radionuclide, inorganic constituent, and organic compound data from selected wells and springs from the southern boundary of the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory to the Hagerman Area, Idaho, 1989 through 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4007, vi, 73 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974007.","productDescription":"vi, 73 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4007/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54217,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4007/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fabb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomay, R. C.","contributorId":66271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, L. M.","contributorId":63045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, L.J.","contributorId":59820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25804,"text":"wri974003 - 1997 - Transport and transformations of chlorinated-solvent contamination in a saprolite and fractured rock aquifer near a former wastewater-treatment plant, Greenville, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-16T06:48:45","indexId":"wri974003","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4003","title":"Transport and transformations of chlorinated-solvent contamination in a saprolite and fractured rock aquifer near a former wastewater-treatment plant, Greenville, South Carolina","docAbstract":"The transport and fate of chlorinated-ethene contamination was investigated in a fractured-rock aquifer downgradient from a wastewater-treatment plant at a gas-turbine manufacturing facility in Greenville, South Carolina. A vapor-diffusion-sampler technique, developed for this investigation, located fracture zones that discharged contaminated ground water to surface water. The distribution of chlorinated compounds and sulfate, comparison of borehole geophysical data, driller's logs, and the aquifer response to pumpage allowed subsurface contaminant-transport pathways to be delineated.The probable contaminant-transport pathway from the former aeration lagoon was southward. The probable pathway of contaminant transport from the former sludge lagoon was southward to and beneath Little Rocky Creek. South of the creek, the major pathway of contaminant transport appeared to be at a depth of approximately 80 to 107 feet below land surface. The contaminant-transport pathway from the former industrial lagoon was not readily discernible from existing data. A laboratory investigation, as well as examination of ground- water-chemistry data collected during this investigation and concentrations of chlorinated compounds collected during previous investigations,indicates that higher chlorinated compounds are being degraded to lower-chlorinated compounds in the contaminated aquifer. The approaches used in this investigation, as well as the findings, have potential application to other fractured-rock aquifers contaminated by chlorinated ethenes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri974003","usgsCitation":"Vroblesky, D., Bradley, P., Lane, J., and Robertson, J., 1997, Transport and transformations of chlorinated-solvent contamination in a saprolite and fractured rock aquifer near a former wastewater-treatment plant, Greenville, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4003, vi, 76 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974003.","productDescription":"vi, 76 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54547,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4003/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158342,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4003/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","city":"Greenville","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.58148193359375,\n 34.689686347589344\n ],\n [\n -82.58148193359375,\n 34.97600151317588\n ],\n [\n -82.19970703125,\n 34.97600151317588\n ],\n [\n -82.19970703125,\n 34.689686347589344\n ],\n [\n -82.58148193359375,\n 34.689686347589344\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db626c43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vroblesky, D.A.","contributorId":101691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lane, J.W. Jr.","contributorId":66723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"J.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robertson, J. F.","contributorId":11194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"J. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25535,"text":"wri964303 - 1997 - Geologic and hydraulic characteristics of selected shaly geologic units in Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:21","indexId":"wri964303","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4303","title":"Geologic and hydraulic characteristics of selected shaly geologic units in Oklahoma","docAbstract":"Information was collected on the geologic and hydraulic characteristics of three shale-dominated units in Oklahoma-the Dog Creek Shale and Chickasha Formation in Canadian County, Hennessey Group in Oklahoma County, and the Boggy Formation in Pittsburg County. The purpose of this project was to gain insight into the characteristics controlling fluid flow in shaly units that could be targeted for confinement of hazardous waste in the State and to evaluate methods of measuring hydraulic characteristics of shales.\r\nPermeameter results may not indicate in-place small-scale hydraulic characteristics, due to pretest disturbance and deterioration of core samples. The Dog Creek Shale and Chickasha Formation hydraulic conductivities measured by permeameter methods ranged from 2.8 times 10 to the negative 11 to 3.0 times 10 to the negative 7 meter per second in nine samples and specific storage from 3.3 times 10 to the negative 4 to 1.6 times 10 to the negative 3 per meter in four samples. Hennessey Group hydraulic conductivities ranged from 4.0 times 10 to the negative 12 to 4.0 times 10 to the negative 10 meter per second in eight samples. Hydraulic conductivity in the Boggy Formation ranged from 1.7 times 10 to the negative 12 to 1.0 times 10 to the negative 8 meter per second in 17 samples.\r\n\r\nThe hydraulic properties of isolated borehole intervals of average length of 4.5 meters in the Hennessey Group and the Boggy Formation were evaluated by a pressurized slug-test method. Hydraulic conductivities obtained with this method tend to be low because intervals with features that transmitted large volumes of water were not tested. Hennessey Group hydraulic conductivities measured by this method ranged from 3.0 times 10 to the negative 13 to 1.1 times 10 to the negative 9 meter per second; the specific storage values are small and may be unreliable. Boggy Formation hydraulic conductivities ranged from 2.0 times 10 to the negative 13 to 2.7 times 10 to the negative 10 meter per second and specific storage values in these tests also are small and may be unreliable. A substantially higher hydraulic conductivity of 3.0 times 10 to the negative 8 meter per second was measured in one borehole 30 meters deep in the Boggy Formation using an open hole slug-test method.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964303","usgsCitation":"Becker, C., Overton, M., Johnson, K., and Luza, K.V., 1997, Geologic and hydraulic characteristics of selected shaly geologic units in Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4303, v, 25 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964303.","productDescription":"v, 25 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4303/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54256,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4303/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5248","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Becker, C.J.","contributorId":64269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Overton, M.D.","contributorId":67127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overton","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, K.S.","contributorId":24385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Luza, K. V.","contributorId":14856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luza","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":26041,"text":"wri974039 - 1997 - Review of selected features of the natural system model, and suggestions for applications in South Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:33","indexId":"wri974039","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4039","title":"Review of selected features of the natural system model, and suggestions for applications in South Florida","docAbstract":"A study was conducted to review selected features of the Natural System Model, version 4.3 . The Natural System Model is a regional-scale model that uses recent climatic data and estimates of historic vegetation and topography to simulate pre-canal-drainage hydrologic response in south Florida. Equations used to represent the hydrologic system and the numerical solution of these equations in the model were documented and reviewed. Convergence testing was performed using 1965 input data, and selected other aspects of the model were evaluated.Some conclusions from the evaluation of the Natural System Model include the following observations . Simulations were generally insensitive to the temporal resolution used in the model. However, reduction of the computational cell size from 2-mile by 2-mile to 2/3-mile by 2/3-mile resulted in a decrease in spatial mean ponding depths for October of 0.35 foot for a 3-hour time step.Review of the computer code indicated that there is no limit on the amount of water that can be transferred from the river system to the overland flow system, on the amount of seepage from the river to the ground-water system, on evaporation from the river system, or on evapotranspiration from the overland-flow system . Oscillations of 0.2 foot or less in simulated river stage were identified and attributed to a volume limiting function which is applied in solution of the overland-flow equations. The computation of the resistance coefficient is not consistent with the computation of overland-flow velocity. Ground-water boundary conditions do not always ensure a no-flow condition at the boundary. These inconsistencies had varying degrees of effects on model simulations, and it is likely that simulations longer than 1 year are needed to fully identify effects. However, inconsistencies in model formulations should not be ignored, even if the effects of such errors on model results appear to be small or have not been clearly defined.The Natural System Model can be a very useful tool for estimating pre-drainage hydrologic response in south Florida. The model includes all of the important physical processes needed to simulate a water balance. With a few exceptions, these hydrologic processes are represented in a reasonable manner using empirical, semiempirical, and mechanistic relations . The data sets that have been assembled to represent physical features, and hydrologic and meteorological conditions are quite extensive in their scope.Some suggestions for model application were made. Simulation results from the Natural System Model need to be interpreted on a regional basis, rather than cell by cell. The available evidence suggests that simulated water levels should be interpreted with about a plus or minus 1 foot uncertainty. It is probably not appropriate to use the Natural System Model to estimate pre-drainage discharges (as opposed to hydroperiods and water levels) at a particular location or across a set of adjacent computational cells. All simulated results for computational cells within about 10 miles of the model boundaries have a higher degree of uncertainty than results for the interior of the model domain. It is most appropriate to interpret the Natural System Model simulation results in connection with other available information. Stronger linkages between hydrologic inputs to the Everglades and the ecological response of the system would enhance restoration efforts .","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974039","usgsCitation":"Bales, J., Fulford, J.M., and Swain, E.D., 1997, Review of selected features of the natural system model, and suggestions for applications in South Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4039, iv, 42 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974039.","productDescription":"iv, 42 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2029,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri97-4039","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db603fcc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bales, Jerad","contributorId":47390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"Jerad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fulford, Janice M. jfulford@usgs.gov","contributorId":991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulford","given":"Janice","email":"jfulford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swain, Eric D. 0000-0001-7168-708X edswain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-708X","contributorId":1538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swain","given":"Eric","email":"edswain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25492,"text":"wri964283 - 1997 - Evaluation of aquifer storage recovery in the Santee Limestone/Black Mingo Aquifer near Charleston, South Carolina, 1993-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T08:51:51","indexId":"wri964283","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4283","title":"Evaluation of aquifer storage recovery in the Santee Limestone/Black Mingo Aquifer near Charleston, South Carolina, 1993-95","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964283","usgsCitation":"Campbell, B.G., Conlon, K., and Mirecki, J., 1997, Evaluation of aquifer storage recovery in the Santee Limestone/Black Mingo Aquifer near Charleston, South Carolina, 1993-95: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4283, viii, 89 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964283.","productDescription":"viii, 89 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4283/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54214,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4283/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Black Mingo Aquifer, Santee Limestone Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.79345703125,\n 32.222095840502334\n ],\n [\n -80.79345703125,\n 33.62376800118811\n ],\n [\n -78.9642333984375,\n 33.62376800118811\n ],\n [\n -78.9642333984375,\n 32.222095840502334\n ],\n [\n -80.79345703125,\n 32.222095840502334\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fae96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, B. 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974044","usgsCitation":"Liszewski, M.J., Rosentreter, J., and Miller, K., 1997, Strontium distribution coefficients of surficial sediment samples from the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4044, iv, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974044.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392198,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48674.htm"},{"id":159602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4044/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57209,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4044/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Engineering Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.175,\n 43.4433\n ],\n [\n -112.4472,\n 43.4433\n ],\n [\n -112.4472,\n 44.0167\n ],\n [\n -113.175,\n 44.0167\n ],\n [\n -113.175,\n 43.4433\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4b06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liszewski, M. J.","contributorId":107308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liszewski","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosentreter, Jeffrey","contributorId":7331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosentreter","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Karl E.","contributorId":20280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Karl E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157389,"text":"70157389 - 1997 - Annual report of the USGS Mission, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, for the fiscal year 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-22T12:43:59","indexId":"70157389","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-28T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"USGS-TR-97-1","title":"Annual report of the USGS Mission, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, for the fiscal year 1996","docAbstract":"An interagency report prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey Saudi Arabian Mission for the Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources","publisherLocation":"Jiddah, Saudi Arabia","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey Saudi Arabia Mission, and Saudi Arabia. Wizārat al-Batrūl wa-al-Tharwah al-Maʻdinīyah, 1997, Annual report of the USGS Mission, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, for the fiscal year 1996: Technical Report USGS-TR-97-1, v, 62 p.","productDescription":"v, 62 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":308372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56027bb4e4b03bc34f5447fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey Saudi Arabia Mission","contributorId":147326,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey Saudi Arabia Mission","id":572950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saudi Arabia. Wizārat al-Batrūl wa-al-Tharwah al-Maʻdinīyah","contributorId":147333,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Saudi Arabia. Wizārat al-Batrūl wa-al-Tharwah al-Maʻdinīyah","id":572951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70200545,"text":"70200545 - 1997 - Environmental policy analysis, peer reviewed: Reservoir sediment cores show US lead declines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T16:35:48","indexId":"70200545","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-23T16:25:59","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental policy analysis, peer reviewed: Reservoir sediment cores show US lead declines","docAbstract":"As a result of the Clean Air Act, lead (Pb) emissions to the atmosphere have been greatly reduced since the mid-1970s. As part of its National Water Quality Assessment, the U.S. Geological Survey has been using paleolimnological techniques to assess past trends in hydrophobic contaminants. In urban-suburban environments, reservoir sediment cores show prominent peaks in Pb distributions that correlate well with the rise and fall of leaded gasoline. However, Pb concentrations in sediments are approximately double those of baseline values prior to the 1950s and 1960s. It is apparent that significant concentrations of anthropogenic Pb still exist in soils and aquatic sediments and that it will take many years to reduce these concentrations to prepollution values, even if there are no new sources of Pb pollution.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es972473k","usgsCitation":"Callender, E., and Van Metre, P.C., 1997, Environmental policy analysis, peer reviewed: Reservoir sediment cores show US lead declines: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 9, p. 424A-428A, https://doi.org/10.1021/es972473k.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"424A","endPage":"428A","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358697,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110605e4b034bf6a80ca1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Callender, Edward","contributorId":83923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callender","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Metre, Peter C. 0000-0001-7564-9814 pcvanmet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-9814","contributorId":200760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"Peter","email":"pcvanmet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":749477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70129403,"text":"70129403 - 1997 - The impacts of mobile fishing gear on seafloor habitats in the Gulf of Maine (Northwest Atlantic): implications for conservation of fish populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-21T14:21:45","indexId":"70129403","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-21T14:19:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3279,"text":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The impacts of mobile fishing gear on seafloor habitats in the Gulf of Maine (Northwest Atlantic): implications for conservation of fish populations","docAbstract":"Fishing gear alters seafloor habitats, but the extent of these alterations, and their effects, have not been quantified extensively in the northwest Atlantic. Understanding the extent of these impacts, and their effects on populations of living marine resources, is needed to properly manage current and future levels of fishing effort and fishing power. For example, the entire U.S. side of the Gulf of Maine was impacted annually by mobile fishing gear between 1984 and 1990, based on calculations of area swept by trawl and dredge gear. Georges Bank was imparted three to nearly four times annually during the same period.
\nStudies at three sites in the Gulf of Maine (off Swans Island, Jeffreys Bank, and Stellwagen Bank) showed that mobile fishing gear altered the physical structure (=complexity) of benthic habitats. Complexity was reduced by direct removal of biogenic (e.g., sponges, hydrozoans, bryozoans, amphipod tubes, holothurians, shell aggregates) and‐ sedimentary (e.g., sand waves, depressions) structures. Also, removal of organisms that create.structures (e.g., crabs, scallops) indirectly reduced complexity. Reductions in habitat complexity may lead to increased predation on juveniles of harvested species and ultimately recruitment to the harvestable stock. Because of a lack of reference sites, where use of mobile fishing is prohibited, no empirical studies have yet been conducted on a scale that could demonstrate population level effects of habitat‐management options. If marine fisheries management is to evolve toward an ecosystem or habitat management approach, experiments are required on the effects of habitat change, both anthropogenic and natural.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/10641269609388584","usgsCitation":"Auster, P.J., Malatesta, R.J., Langton, R.W., Watting, L., Valentine, P.C., Donaldson, C.L., Langton, E.W., Shepard, A.N., and Babb, W.G., 1997, The impacts of mobile fishing gear on seafloor habitats in the Gulf of Maine (Northwest Atlantic): implications for conservation of fish populations: Reviews in Fisheries Science, v. 4, no. 2, p. 185-202, https://doi.org/10.1080/10641269609388584.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"202","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295591,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295590,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10641269609388584"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Maine","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544775d3e4b0f888a81b8351","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Auster, Peter J.","contributorId":52907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Auster","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malatesta, Richard J.","contributorId":35252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malatesta","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langton, Richard W.","contributorId":32462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langton","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Watting, Les","contributorId":11528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watting","given":"Les","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Donaldson, Carol Lee S.","contributorId":85899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donaldson","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Langton, Elizabeth W.","contributorId":98240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langton","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Shepard, Andrew N.","contributorId":87081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shepard","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Babb, War G.","contributorId":55758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Babb","given":"War","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70129398,"text":"70129398 - 1997 - Glaciological delineation of the dynamic coastline of Antartica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-01T14:04:44","indexId":"70129398","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-21T13:56:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":812,"text":"Antarctic Journal of the United States","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glaciological delineation of the dynamic coastline of Antartica","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antartic Journal of the United States","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Science Foundation","usgsCitation":"Williams, R., Ferrigno, J.G., Swithinbank, C., Lucchitta, B.K., Seekins, B.A., and Rosanova, C.E., 1997, Glaciological delineation of the dynamic coastline of Antartica: Antarctic Journal of the United States, v. 32, no. 2, p. 28-32.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"32","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295584,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=nsf9824"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antartica","volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544775b0e4b0f888a81b831f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Richard S. Jr.","contributorId":83859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Richard S.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferrigno, Jane G. jferrign@usgs.gov","contributorId":39825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrigno","given":"Jane","email":"jferrign@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swithinbank, Charles","contributorId":60145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swithinbank","given":"Charles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lucchitta, Baerbel K. blucchitta@usgs.gov","contributorId":3649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucchitta","given":"Baerbel","email":"blucchitta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":503667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seekins, Barbara A.","contributorId":32465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seekins","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosanova, Christina E.","contributorId":71497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosanova","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70129395,"text":"70129395 - 1997 - Wetland losses related to fault movement and hydrocarbon production, southeastern Texas coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-21T13:51:56","indexId":"70129395","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-21T13:45:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetland losses related to fault movement and hydrocarbon production, southeastern Texas coast","docAbstract":"Time series analyses of surface fault activity and nearby hydrocarbon production from the southeastern Texas coast show a high correlation among volume of produced fluids, timing of fault activation, rates of subsidence, and rates of wetland loss. Greater subsidence on the downthrown sides of faults contributes to more frequent flooding and generally wetter conditions, which are commonly reflected by changes in plant communities {e.g., Spartina patens to Spartina alterniflora) or progressive transformation of emergent vegetation to open water. Since the 1930s and 1950s, approximately 5,000 hectares of marsh habitat has been lost as a result of subsidence associated with faulting. Marsh- es have expanded locally along faults where hydrophytic vegetation has spread into former upland areas. Fault traces are linear to curvilinear and are visible because elevation differences across faults alter soil hydrology and vegetation. Fault lengths range from 1 to 13.4 km and average 3.8 km. Seventy-five percent of the faults visible on recent aerial photographs are not visible on photographs taken in the 1930's, indicating relatively recent fault movement. At least 80% of the surface faults correlate with extrapolated subsurface faults; the correlation increases to more than 90% when certain assumptions are made to compensate for mismatches in direction of displacement. Coastal wetlands loss in Texas associated with hydrocarbon extraction will likely increase where production in mature fields is prolonged without fiuid reinjection.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","usgsCitation":"White, W.A., and Morton, R.A., 1997, Wetland losses related to fault movement and hydrocarbon production, southeastern Texas coast: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 13, no. 4, p. 1305-1320.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1305","endPage":"1320","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295582,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295581,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4298740"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544775d6e4b0f888a81b835e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, William A.","contributorId":18293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morton, Robert A.","contributorId":28184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70129380,"text":"70129380 - 1997 - Modeling waves and circulation in Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T14:10:29","indexId":"70129380","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-21T12:37:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1871,"text":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling waves and circulation in Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey is conducting a study of storm-driven sediment resuspension and transport in Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana. Two critical processes related to sediment transport in the lake are (1) the resuspension of sediments due to wind-generated storm waves and (2) the movement of resuspended material by lake currents during storm wind events. The potential for sediment resuspension is being studied with the wave prediction model which simulates local generation of waves by wind and shallow-water effects on waves (refraction, shoaling, bottom friction, and breaking). Long-term wind measurements are then used to determine the regional \"climate\" of bottom orbital velocity (showing the spatial and temporal variability of wave-induced currents at the bottom). The circulation of the lake is being studied with a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model. Results of the modeling effort indicate that remote forcing due to water levels in Mississippi Sound dominate the circulation near the passes in the eastern end of the lake, while local wind forcing dominates water movement in the western end. During typical storms with winds from the north-northeast or the south-southeast, currents along the south coast near New Orleans generally transport material westward, while material in the central region moves against the wind. When periods of sustained winds are followed by a drop in coastal sea level, a large amount of suspended sediment can be flushed from the lake.","language":"English","publisher":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies","usgsCitation":"Signell, R.P., and List, J., 1997, Modeling waves and circulation in Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 47, p. 529-532.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"529","endPage":"532","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295561,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/gcags/data/047/047001/0529.htm"},{"id":295562,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Lake Pontchartrain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.46829223632812,\n 30.021543509740027\n ],\n [\n -89.74319458007812,\n 30.021543509740027\n ],\n [\n -89.74319458007812,\n 30.421440372174192\n ],\n [\n -90.46829223632812,\n 30.421440372174192\n ],\n [\n -90.46829223632812,\n 30.021543509740027\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544775b5e4b0f888a81b832f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Signell, Richard P. rsignell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"Richard","email":"rsignell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"List, Jeffrey H. jlist@usgs.gov","contributorId":2416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"Jeffrey H.","email":"jlist@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70129361,"text":"70129361 - 1997 - Global impacts of mining and urbanization on fluvial and coastal systems: the San Juan case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-21T10:49:18","indexId":"70129361","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-21T10:44:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1728,"text":"GSA Today","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global impacts of mining and urbanization on fluvial and coastal systems: the San Juan case study","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GSA Today","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","usgsCitation":"Osterkamp, W., and Morton, R.A., 1997, Global impacts of mining and urbanization on fluvial and coastal systems: the San Juan case study: GSA Today, p. 13-15.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"15","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295539,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295538,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.geosociety.org/pubs/gsatoday/archive/toc9707.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","city":"San Juan","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544775b1e4b0f888a81b8321","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osterkamp, W. R.","contributorId":67432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterkamp","given":"W. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morton, R. A.","contributorId":43695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70129360,"text":"70129360 - 1997 - Characteristics of and corrections for core shortening in unconsolidated sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-21T10:34:42","indexId":"70129360","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-21T10:30:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characteristics of and corrections for core shortening in unconsolidated sediments","docAbstract":"Thinning, bypassing, and compaction of shallow unconsolidated sediments during manual coring or vibracoring operations probably cause more sediment deformation and greater stratigraphic displacement than is commonly reported in the wetland literature. We measured core shortening in open-barrel cores from fluvial wetlands, lagoonal flats, and marshes to document the magnitude and characteristics of shortening where sediments may be stiff and require extra mechanical effort to recover a sufficient length of sample for analysis. Results of those measurements indicate that thinning or non- recovery of discrete sediment intervals can range from 0 to 67 percent and cumulative core shortening can be as much as 30 percent even for cores less than one meter long. Detailed open-barrel measurements also show that core shortening is not uniformly distributed throughout the depth of penetration as is often assumed. Analytical data derived from shortened cores can only be properly interpreted if patterns of shortening are established and incorporated into the analysis. Minor artificial displacement of sediment depths can alter plots of physico-chemical parameters and can significantly influence calculated rates of sedimentation and other depth-dependent statistical relationships. This study (1) demonstrates how plots of interval shortening and cumulative shortening can be used to characterize the distribution of shortening at depth and (2) presents a simple equation for stratigraphic restoration so that core observations and analyses are corrected to their original depths.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","usgsCitation":"Morton, R.A., and White, W.A., 1997, Characteristics of and corrections for core shortening in unconsolidated sediments: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 13, no. 3, p. 761-769.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"761","endPage":"769","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295534,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295533,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4298671"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544775a7e4b0f888a81b82fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, Robert A.","contributorId":28184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, William A.","contributorId":18293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70129359,"text":"70129359 - 1997 - Environmental geochemistry and sediment quality in Lake Pontchartrain: database development and review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-21T10:18:38","indexId":"70129359","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-21T10:14:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1871,"text":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental geochemistry and sediment quality in Lake Pontchartrain: database development and review","docAbstract":"This paper reports on preliminary results of a project to develop a comprehensive data base of chemical and environmental information on sediments from Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana, and surrounding water bodies. The goal is to evaluate all data for reliability and comparability, and to make it widely accessible and useful to all users. Methods for processing heterogeneous, historical data follow previous methods employed in the Boston Harbor and Massachusetts Bay area.
\nData from 11 different data sets, encompassing about 900 total samples, have been entered to date. Questionable or anomalous data were noted in a minority of cases. Problems tend to follow distinct patterns and are relatively easy to identify. Hence, comparability of data has not proven to be the major obstacle to synthesis efforts that was anticipated in earlier years (NRC, 1989).
\nQuality-controlled data sets show that the bulk of sediment samples in the more central parts of Lake Pontchartrain have values within normal background for heavy metals like Cu, Pb, and Zn. The same or lower concentrations were found in the vicinity of the Bonnet Carre Spillway, representing influx from the Mississippi River. Mean concentrations for Cu, Pb, and Zn were 17, 21, and 74 µg/g (total dissolution analyses), respectively.
\nHowever, values as high as 267 µg/g Pb and comparable increases for other metal and organic contaminants are found in sediments within 2 km of the coastal strip of New Orleans. Additional sampling in such areas and in other inland coastal waterways is needed, since such levels are above the threshold for potential toxic effects on benthic organisms, according to effects-based screening criteria.
\nThe most contaminated sites, Bayou Trepagnier and Bayou Bonfouca, involve industrial areas where waste discharge has now been controlled or remediated, but where sediments may retain large concentrations of contaminants, e.g. tenths of a percent of Pb, Cr, and Zn or more for Bayou Trepagnier.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies","usgsCitation":"Manheim, F.T., Flowers, G.C., McIntire, A.G., Marot, M., and Holmes, C., 1997, Environmental geochemistry and sediment quality in Lake Pontchartrain: database development and review: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 47, p. 337-349.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"337","endPage":"349","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295526,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/gcags/data/047/047001/0337.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Lake Ponchatrain","volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544775ade4b0f888a81b8312","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manheim, Frank T.","contributorId":26991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flowers, George C.","contributorId":66618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flowers","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McIntire, Andrew G.","contributorId":41765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntire","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marot, Marcie","contributorId":88293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marot","given":"Marcie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holmes, Charles","contributorId":34846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Charles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70209167,"text":"70209167 - 1997 - One minute after: Strong-motion map, effective epicenter, and effective magnitude","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-22T13:30:29.811964","indexId":"70209167","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-20T07:53:09","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"One minute after: Strong-motion map, effective epicenter, and effective magnitude","docAbstract":"This article reports the recent progress on real-time seismic monitoring in Taiwan, particularly the real-time strong-motion monitoring by the Taiwan Central Weather Bureau's telemetered seismic network (CWBSN), which is presently aiming at rapid reporting immediately after a large earthquake occurrence. If rapid reporting can be achieved before the arrival of the strong shaking, earthquake early warning will become possible. CWBSN has achieved the generation of the intensity map, epicenter, and magnitude within 1 min of the occurrence of a large earthquake. Both rapid reporting and early warning are principally applied to large (M ≫ 5) events; the requirement of on-scale waveform recording prompted CWBSN in 1995 to integrate strong-motion sensors (e.g., force-balance accelerometers) into its telemetered seismic monitoring system. Time-domain recursive processing is applied to the multi-channel incoming seismic signals by a group of networked personal computers to generate the intensity map. From the isoseismal contours, an effective epicenter is immediately identified that resides in the middle of the largest (usually the 100-gal) contour curve of the intensity map. An effective magnitude is also defined that can be derived immediately from the surface area covered by the largest (usually the 100-gal) contour curve. For a large event with a finite rupture surface, the epicenter and magnitude so derived are more adequate estimates of the source location and of the strength of destruction. The effective epicenter gives the center of the damage area; it stands in contrast with the conventional epicenter location, which only gives the initial point of rupture nucleation. The effective magnitude reflects more closely the earthquake damage potential, instead of the classical magnitude definition that emphasizes the total energy release. The CWBSN has achieved in obtaining the above crucial source information well within 1 min. This time can further be reduced to better than 30 sec, as illustrated by the example in this article, showing that earthquake early warning is indeed an achievable goal. The rapid reporting and early warning information is electronically transmitted to users to allow rapid response actions, with or without further human intervention.
We surveyed the sea-floor geology within a 200-km2 area of Mamala Bay, off Honolulu, Hawaii by collecting and analyzing sidescan sonar images, 3.5-kHz profiles, video and still visual images, and box-core samples. The study area extends from 20-m water depth on the insular shelf to 600-m water depth in a southeast-trending trough. The sidescan images depict three principal types of sea-floor material: low-backscatter natural sediment, high-backscatter drowned carbonate reef, and intermediate-backscatter dredged-material deposits. Cores indicate that the natural sediment is muddy sand, composed of carbonate reef and microfauna debris with some volcanic grains. Vague areal trends in composition are evident. The dredged material comprises poorly sorted, cobble- to clay-size mixtures of reef, volcanic, and man-made debris, up to 35 cm thick. Dredged-material deposits are not evident in the 3.5-kHz profiles. In the sidescan images they appear as isolated, circular to subcircular imprints, apparently formed by individual drops, around the periphery of their occurrence, but they overlap and coalesce to a nearly continuous, intermediate-backscatter blanket toward the center of three disposal sites investigated.
\nWe did not observe significant currents during our camera surveys, but there is abundant evidence of sediment reworking: symmetrical and asymmetrical ripples in the visual images, sand waves in the 3.5-kHz profiles and side-scan images, moats around the reefs in 3.5-kHz profiles, winnowed dredged material in the visual images, and burial of dredged material by natural sediment in cores. Most current indicators imply a westerly to northwesterly transport direction, along contours or up-slope, although there are a few areas of easterly indicators. Internal waves probably drive the transport; their possible existence is implied by measured water-column density gradients.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pacific Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii Press","usgsCitation":"Hampton, M.A., Torresan, M.E., and Barber, J.H., 1997, Sea-floor geology of a part of Mamala Bay, Hawaii: Pacific Science, v. 51, no. 1, p. 54-75.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"75","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295345,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/3096"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"543f8c9de4b065f4ad22cf8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hampton, Monty A. mhampton@usgs.gov","contributorId":4393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"Monty","email":"mhampton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":503250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torresan, Michael E. mtorresan@usgs.gov","contributorId":4392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torresan","given":"Michael","email":"mtorresan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":503249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barber, John H. Jr.","contributorId":102821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70128983,"text":"70128983 - 1997 - Geology and hydrogeology of the Florida Keys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-15T13:44:44","indexId":"70128983","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-15T13:38:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"54","title":"Geology and hydrogeology of the Florida Keys","docAbstract":"This chapter discusses the geology and hydrogeology of the Florida Keys, and focuses on the islands formed of Pleistocene limestone. These islands, which are crossed when driving from Miami to Key West, are typically regarded as \"the Florida Keys.\" The outstanding and fragile character of ecosystems on and around the Florida Keys has prompted State and Federal efforts to protect and preserve the remaining public portions of the region. The Florida Keys were largely ignored during the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries, although the waters just offshore provided a major shipping thoroughfare to and from the New World. The Florida Keys are now recognized as one of the great recreational and environmental resources of the United States. The islands are outposts of a laid-back, tropical resort culture that has as its foundation warmth and clear water. A significant part of the attraction is fishing, diving, and boating around the area's coral reefs, which the islands protect. But the reefs were not always so highly valued. The Florida Keys that have protected the reefs for millennia, may now be the source of the agents that may accomplish what Agassiz thought was beyond man's power a century ago.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and hydrogeology of carbonate islands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0070-4571(04)80027-X","usgsCitation":"Halley, R., Vacher, H., and , S., 1997, Geology and hydrogeology of the Florida Keys, chap. of Geology and hydrogeology of carbonate islands, p. 217-248, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0070-4571(04)80027-X.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"248","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295343,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295342,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0070-4571(04)80027-X"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"543f8c99e4b065f4ad22cf82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halley, Robert B.","contributorId":76244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halley","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vacher, H. 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