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,{"id":5223390,"text":"5223390 - 1997 - A citywide breeding bird survey for Washington, D.C.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-13T15:15:43.785137","indexId":"5223390","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3669,"text":"Urban Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A citywide breeding bird survey for Washington, D.C.","docAbstract":"<p>`DC Birdscape' was initiated in 1993 to systematically count the birds occurring throughout Washington D.C. during the breeding season. It involved a coordinated planning effort and partnership between the Audubon Naturalist Society, the National Park Service, and the National Biological Survey, and engaged the participation of more than 100 volunteers. A method for rapidly assessing the status of bird populations over a large area was developed and incorporated into a Geographic Information System to allow a multidimensional analysis of species presence and abundance across a variety of urban land use areas. </p><p>A total of 91 species were observed, with an estimated total number of 115, making Washington D.C. almost as `bird rich' as nearby suburban counties. Data from the study clearly indicate that avian species are not randomly distributed throughout the Washington D.C. metropolitan area, and show affinity, at least in part, to some of the most broadly recognized land use patterns that are commonly used to zone and classify urban areas under development schemes. This study represents a prototype that will allow efficient and economical monitoring of urban bird populations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1023/A:1018563125184","usgsCitation":"Hadidian, J., Sauer, J., Swarth, C., Handly, P., Droege, S., Williams, C., Huff, J., and Didden, G., 1997, A citywide breeding bird survey for Washington, D.C.: Urban Ecosystems, v. 1, no. 2, p. 87-102, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018563125184.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"102","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198547,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Washington, D.C.","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.29917821121136,\n              39.12989843679074\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.29917821121136,\n              38.70478616905049\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.79355508126046,\n              38.70478616905049\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.79355508126046,\n              39.12989843679074\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.29917821121136,\n              39.12989843679074\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b10be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hadidian, J.","contributorId":68429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hadidian","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swarth, C.","contributorId":57566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarth","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Handly, P.","contributorId":35036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handly","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Droege, Sam 0000-0003-4393-0403","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4393-0403","contributorId":64185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Droege","given":"Sam","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":338635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Williams, C.","contributorId":10514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Huff, J.","contributorId":38675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huff","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Didden, G.","contributorId":99665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Didden","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":32012,"text":"ofr96490 - 1997 - Lineament map of area 2 of the New Hampshire bedrock aquifer assessment, south-central New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-28T18:33:22.048277","indexId":"ofr96490","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-490","title":"Lineament map of area 2 of the New Hampshire bedrock aquifer assessment, south-central New Hampshire","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96490","usgsCitation":"Clark, S.F., Ferguson, E.W., Picard, M.Z., and Moore, R.B., 1997, Lineament map of area 2 of the New Hampshire bedrock aquifer assessment, south-central New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-490, 1 Plate: 44.00 x 38.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96490.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 44.00 x 38.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420197,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18629.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":19592,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0490/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":161485,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"48000","country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts, New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"Area 2","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.375,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -72,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -72,\n              42.459\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.375,\n              42.459\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.375,\n              43\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a508e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, S. F. Jr.","contributorId":32577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"S.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferguson, E. W.","contributorId":8519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferguson","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Picard, M. Z.","contributorId":104951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Picard","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, R. B.","contributorId":98720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":66759,"text":"i2603 - 1997 - Correlation of lower, middle, and some Upper Jurassic rocks from Salter Canyon to Stoner in southwestern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:26","indexId":"i2603","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2603","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Correlation of lower, middle, and some Upper Jurassic rocks from Salter Canyon to Stoner in southwestern Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2603","usgsCitation":"O'Sullivan, R.B., 1997, Correlation of lower, middle, and some Upper Jurassic rocks from Salter Canyon to Stoner in southwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2603, 1 folded sheet :ill. ;84 x 90 cm. folded to 22 x 23 cm., in envelope 30 x 23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i2603.","productDescription":"1 folded sheet :ill. ;84 x 90 cm. folded to 22 x 23 cm., in envelope 30 x 23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108340,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13067.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"13067"},{"id":188822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"190000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db68465c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Sullivan, R. B.","contributorId":57858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Sullivan","given":"R.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70019774,"text":"70019774 - 1997 - Tonganoxichnus, a new insect trace from the Upper Carboniferous of eastern Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-01T16:51:34.904864","indexId":"70019774","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2614,"text":"Lethaia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tonganoxichnus, a new insect trace from the Upper Carboniferous of eastern Kansas","docAbstract":"<p><span>Upper Carboniferous tidal rhythmites of the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member (Stranger Formation) at Buildex Quarry, eastern Kansas, USA, host a relatively diverse arthropod-dominated ichnofauna. Bilaterally symmetrical traces displaying unique anterior and posterior sets of morphological features are well represented within the assemblage. A new ichnogenus,&nbsp;</span><i>Tonganoxichnus</i><span>, is proposed for these traces.&nbsp;</span><i>T. buildexensis</i><span>, the type ichnospecies, has an anterior region characterized by the presence of a frontal pair of maxillary palp impressions, followed by a head impression and three pairs of conspicuous thoracic appendage imprints symmetrically opposite along a median axis. The posterior region commonly exhibits numerous delicate chevron-like markings, recording the abdominal appendages, and a thin, straight, terminal extension.&nbsp;</span><i>T. buildexensis</i><span>&nbsp;is interpreted as a resting trace. A second ichnospecies,&nbsp;</span><i>T. ottawensis</i><span>, is characterized by a fan-like arrangement of mostly bifid scratch marks at the anterior area that records the head- and thoracic-appendage backstrokes against the substrate. The posterior area shows chevron-like markings or small subcircular impressions that record the abdominal appendages of the animal, also ending in a thin, straight, terminal extension. Specimens display lateral repetition, and are commonly grouped into twos or threes with a fix point at the posteriormost tail-like structure.&nbsp;</span><i>T. ottawensis</i><span>&nbsp;is interpreted as a jumping structure, probably in connection with feeding purposes. The two ichnospecies occur in close association, and share sufficient morphologic features to support the same type of arthropod producer.&nbsp;</span><i>T. buildexensis</i><span>&nbsp;closely mimics the ventral anatomy of the tracemaker, whereas&nbsp;</span><i>T. ottawensis</i><span>&nbsp;records the jumping abilities of the animal providing significant ethologic and paleoecologic information. The presence of well-differentiated cephalic, thoracic, and abdominal features, particularly in&nbsp;</span><i>T. buildexensis</i><span>, resembles the diagnostic tagmosis and segmentation of insects. Detailed analysis of trace morphology and comparison with described Paleozoic insect fossils and extant related forms suggest a monuran as the most likely tracemaker.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1502-3931.1997.tb00451.x","issn":"00241164","usgsCitation":"Mangano, M., Buatois, L., Maples, C., and Lanier, W.P., 1997, Tonganoxichnus, a new insect trace from the Upper Carboniferous of eastern Kansas: Lethaia, v. 30, no. 2, p. 113-125, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1997.tb00451.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"125","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227933,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"eastern Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.32545052413245,\n              38.541077976422315\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.32545052413245,\n              37.94622147592642\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.7954699998871,\n              37.94622147592642\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.7954699998871,\n              38.541077976422315\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.32545052413245,\n              38.541077976422315\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb436e4b08c986b326251","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mangano, M.G.","contributorId":7432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangano","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buatois, L.A.","contributorId":40740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buatois","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maples, C.G.","contributorId":7425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maples","given":"C.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lanier, William P.","contributorId":73672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanier","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":52701,"text":"b1989I - 1997 - Clastic rocks associated with the Midcontinent rift system in Iowa","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52701,"text":"b1989I - 1997 - Clastic rocks associated with the Midcontinent rift system in Iowa","indexId":"b1989I","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"chapter":"I","title":"Clastic rocks associated with the Midcontinent rift system in Iowa"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33566,"text":"b1989 - 1992 - Strategic and critical minerals in the midcontinent region, United States","indexId":"b1989","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Strategic and critical minerals in the midcontinent region, United States"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":33566,"text":"b1989 - 1992 - Strategic and critical minerals in the midcontinent region, United States","indexId":"b1989","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Strategic and critical minerals in the midcontinent region, United States"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-09T14:01:14","indexId":"b1989I","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1989","chapter":"I","title":"Clastic rocks associated with the Midcontinent rift system in Iowa","docAbstract":"The Middle Proterozoic Midcontinent Rift System (MRS) of North America is a failed rift that formed in response to region-wide stresses about 1,100 Ma. In Iowa, the MRS is buried beneath 2,200?3,500 ft of Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary rocks and Quaternary glaciogenic deposits. An extremely large volume of sediments was deposited within basins associated with the rift at several stages during its development. Although the uplift of a rift-axial horst resulted in the erosional removal of most of these clastic rocks from the central region of the MRS in Iowa, thick sequences are preserved in a series of horst-bounding basins. Recent studies incorporating petrographic analysis, geophysical modeling, and other analytical procedures have led to the establishment of a preliminary stratigraphy for these clastic rocks and interpretations of basin geometries. This information has allowed the refinement of existing theories and history of MRS formation in Iowa. Additionally, drill samples previously interpreted as indicating the existence of early Paleozoic basins overlying the Proterozoic MRS basins were re-examined. Samples previously interpreted as deep-lying Paleozoic rocks are now known to have caved from upper levels of the drillhole and were out of stratigraphic position. No deep Paleozoic basins exist in this area. These investigations led to the development of petrographic parameters useful in differentiating the Proterozoic MRS Red clastics from Paleozoic clastic rocks having similar lithologies.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b1989I","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R., and McKay, R.M., 1997, Clastic rocks associated with the Midcontinent rift system in Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1989, p. I1-I45, illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps, 67 refs, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1989I.","productDescription":"p. I1-I45, illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps, 67 refs","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5240,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b1989i/b1989i.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672b1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Raymond R.","contributorId":22430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Raymond R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKay, Robert M.","contributorId":91928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKay","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31989,"text":"ofr95612 - 1997 - Earthquake data report, December 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T14:56:53","indexId":"ofr95612","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-612","title":"Earthquake data report, December 1995","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr95612","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"National Earthquake Information Center, 1997, Earthquake data report, December 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-612, Seven 5 1/4 inch DS/HD IBM compatible computer diskettes., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95612.","productDescription":"Seven 5 1/4 inch DS/HD IBM compatible computer diskettes.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277672,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0612/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a94c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"National Earthquake Information Center","contributorId":128066,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"National Earthquake Information Center","id":529330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":31988,"text":"ofr95611 - 1997 - Earthquake data report, November 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T14:56:24","indexId":"ofr95611","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-611","title":"Earthquake data report, November 1995","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr95611","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"National Earthquake Information Center, 1997, Earthquake data report, November 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-611, Five 5 1/4 inch DS/HD IBM compatible computer diskettes., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95611.","productDescription":"Five 5 1/4 inch DS/HD IBM compatible computer diskettes.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277671,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0611/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a10c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"National Earthquake Information Center","contributorId":128066,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"National Earthquake Information Center","id":529329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24298,"text":"ofr9723 - 1997 - Digital atlas of Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:01","indexId":"ofr9723","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-23","title":"Digital atlas of Oklahoma","docAbstract":"This compact disc contains 25 digital map data sets covering the State of Oklahoma that may be of interest to the general public, private industry, schools, and government agencies. Fourteen data sets are statewide. These data sets include: administrative boundaries; 104th U.S. Congressional district boundaries; county boundaries; latitudinal lines; longitudinal lines; geographic names; indexes of U.S. Geological Survey 1:100,000, and 1:250,000-scale topographic quadrangles; a shaded-relief image; Oklahoma State House of Representatives district boundaries; Oklahoma State Senate district boundaries; locations of U.S. Geological Survey stream gages; watershed boundaries and hydrologic cataloging unit numbers; and locations of weather stations. Eleven data sets are divided by county and are located in 77 county subdirectories. These data sets include: census block group boundaries with selected demographic data; city and major highways text; geographic names; land surface elevation contours; elevation points; an index of U.S. Geological Survey 1:24,000-scale topographic quadrangles; roads, streets and address ranges; highway text; school district boundaries; streams, river and lakes; and the public land survey system.\r\nAll data sets are provided in a readily accessible format. Most data sets are provided in Digital Line Graph (DLG) format. The attributes for many of the DLG files are stored in related dBASE(R)-format files and may be joined to the data set polygon attribute or arc attribute tables using dBASE(R)-compatible software. (Any use of trade names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.) Point attribute tables are provided in dBASE(R) format only, and include the X and Y map coordinates of each point. Annotation (text plotted in map coordinates) are provided in AutoCAD Drawing Exchange format (DXF) files. The shaded-relief image is provided in TIFF format. All data sets except the shaded-relief image also are provided in ARC/INFO export-file format.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9723","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Rea, A.H., and Becker, C., 1997, Digital atlas of Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-23, 1 computer laser optical disk ;4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9723.","productDescription":"1 computer laser optical disk ;4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1673,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ok.water.usgs.gov/gis/digatlas/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":155066,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4609","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rea, A. H.","contributorId":58301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rea","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Becker, C.J.","contributorId":64269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24334,"text":"ofr96315 - 1997 - Water-temperature, specific-conductance, and meteorological data for the Tualatin River basin, Oregon, 1994-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T10:00:25","indexId":"ofr96315","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-315","title":"Water-temperature, specific-conductance, and meteorological data for the Tualatin River basin, Oregon, 1994-95","docAbstract":"<p>Water-temperature, air-temperature, specific- conductance, wind-speed, and solar-radiation data are presented from a study conducted in the Tualatin River Basin in northwestern Oregon during 7-month periods from May 1 through November 30, 1994 and May 1 through November 30, 1995. The study was done to assist local and State agencies in understanding temporal and spatial patterns of water temperatures in the river, determining the relation between water temperature and human activities, and developing urban and agricultural management strategies for controlling impacts on stream temperatures. Data were collected at 14 fixed-station continuous monitoring sites located on or near the main stem and major tributaries. Data fromtemperature and specific-conductance sites were collected instantaneously every 30 minutes on the hour and half hour. Wind-speed and solar-radiation data at two sites were averaged every 60 minutes. Wind-speed and solar-radiation data at a third site were averaged every 30 minutes. Water temperature data were also collected during seven synoptic surveys near the two main wastewater-treatment plants. The surveys were conducted during the low-flow period from August to October of 1994 and August to September 1995. During each survey, up to six recording temperature probes were positioned at locations upstream and downstream of plant effluent outlets. The probes collected data every 16 minutes over 48-hour periods.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","doi":"10.3133/ofr96315","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Unified Sewerage Agency of Washington County, Oregon","usgsCitation":"Risley, J.C., and Doyle, M.C., 1997, Water-temperature, specific-conductance, and meteorological data for the Tualatin River basin, Oregon, 1994-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-315, v, 124 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96315.","productDescription":"v, 124 p.","numberOfPages":"138","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":53440,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0315/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"414.86 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":157506,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0315/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Tualatin River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.98095703125,\n              45.370478735401555\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.98095703125,\n              45.50875295937584\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.67471313476561,\n              45.50875295937584\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.67471313476561,\n              45.370478735401555\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.98095703125,\n              45.370478735401555\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602b98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risley, John C. 0000-0002-8206-5443 jrisley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-5443","contributorId":2698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risley","given":"John","email":"jrisley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":191711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doyle, Micelis C. 0000-0003-0968-7809 mcdoyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0968-7809","contributorId":3446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"Micelis","email":"mcdoyle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":191712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":21746,"text":"ofr96711 - 1997 - Digital release of stream-sediment, heavy-mineral-concentrate, soil, water, and rock geochemical data collected in the Howard Pass 1 degree by 3 degrees quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:45","indexId":"ofr96711","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-711","title":"Digital release of stream-sediment, heavy-mineral-concentrate, soil, water, and rock geochemical data collected in the Howard Pass 1 degree by 3 degrees quadrangle, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr96711","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Kelley, K., Bailey, E., Briggs, P., Motooka, J.M., and Meier, A.L., 1997, Digital release of stream-sediment, heavy-mineral-concentrate, soil, water, and rock geochemical data collected in the Howard Pass 1 degree by 3 degrees quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-711, 1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96711.","productDescription":"1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":112018,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/12185","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a8c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelley, K.D. 0000-0002-3232-5809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":75157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"K.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, E. A.","contributorId":100399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":107691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Motooka, J. M.","contributorId":8834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Motooka","given":"J.","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meier, A. L.","contributorId":81480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":22950,"text":"ofr9778 - 1997 - Version 1.0 of NUREVIEW for Windows a program for viewing aerial gamma-ray profile data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-27T07:05:59","indexId":"ofr9778","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-78","title":"Version 1.0 of NUREVIEW for Windows a program for viewing aerial gamma-ray profile data","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9778","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Duval, J.S., 1997, Version 1.0 of NUREVIEW for Windows a program for viewing aerial gamma-ray profile data (Version 1.0.): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-78, 1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9778.","productDescription":"1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270239,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0078/application.zip"}],"edition":"Version 1.0.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db60210f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duval, J. S.","contributorId":15200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duval","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":22949,"text":"ofr9777 - 1997 - Version 1.0 of IMGVIEW for Windows a program for viewing image data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-27T07:05:28","indexId":"ofr9777","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-77","title":"Version 1.0 of IMGVIEW for Windows a program for viewing image data","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9777","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Duval, J.S., 1997, Version 1.0 of IMGVIEW for Windows a program for viewing image data (Version 1.0.): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-77, 1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9777.","productDescription":"1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154204,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270238,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0077/application.zip"}],"edition":"Version 1.0.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db60214c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duval, J. S.","contributorId":15200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duval","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2224,"text":"wsp2482 - 1997 - Use of particle tracking to improve numerical model calibration and to analyze ground-water flow and contaminant migration, Massachusetts Military Reservation, western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":23811,"text":"ofr96214 - 1996 - Use of particle tracking to improve numerical model calibration and to analyze ground-water flow and contaminant migration, Massachusetts Military Reservation, western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","indexId":"ofr96214","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"title":"Use of particle tracking to improve numerical model calibration and to analyze ground-water flow and contaminant migration, Massachusetts Military Reservation, western Cape Cod, Massachusetts"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2224,"text":"wsp2482 - 1997 - Use of particle tracking to improve numerical model calibration and to analyze ground-water flow and contaminant migration, Massachusetts Military Reservation, western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","indexId":"wsp2482","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Use of particle tracking to improve numerical model calibration and to analyze ground-water flow and contaminant migration, Massachusetts Military Reservation, western Cape Cod, Massachusetts"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T14:12:06","indexId":"wsp2482","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2482","title":"Use of particle tracking to improve numerical model calibration and to analyze ground-water flow and contaminant migration, Massachusetts Military Reservation, western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"A steady-state, three-dimensional flow model coupled with a particle-tracking algorithm was developed to assess the complex interaction of hydrogeologic conditions affecting ground-water flow and contaminant transport--including aquifer heterogeneities, hydrologic boundaries such as ponds and streams, ground-water withdrawals, and aquifer recharge to characterize the migration of contaminants emanating from beneath the Massachusetts Military Reservation, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The known extent of contaminant plumes were used to assess the effects of changes in model input parameters on model-calculated water-table and pond altitudes, streamflow, and water-particle pathlines. Although changes in selected simulated hydrogeologic conditions resulted in minor changes in model-calculated water-table altitudes, pond altitudes, and streamflow, these changes had significant effects on the projection of model-calculated water-particle pathlines.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2482","usgsCitation":"Masterson, J., Walter, D.A., and Savoie, J., 1997, Use of particle tracking to improve numerical model calibration and to analyze ground-water flow and contaminant migration, Massachusetts Military Reservation, western Cape Cod, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2482, v, 50 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2482.","productDescription":"v, 50 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":137695,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2482/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27973,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2482/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db60441e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413 jpmaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":1865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","email":"jpmaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":144848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walter, Donald A. 0000-0003-0879-4477 dawalter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-4477","contributorId":1101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"Donald","email":"dawalter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":144846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savoie, Jennifer G. jsavoie@usgs.gov","contributorId":1691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoie","given":"Jennifer G.","email":"jsavoie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":144847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":2304,"text":"wsp2431 - 1997 - Tests of subsurface storage of freshwater at Hialeah, Dade County, Florida, and numerical simulation of the salinity of recovered water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:20","indexId":"wsp2431","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2431","title":"Tests of subsurface storage of freshwater at Hialeah, Dade County, Florida, and numerical simulation of the salinity of recovered water","docAbstract":"This paper presents and interprets data from three cycles of injection, storage, and recovery of freshwater in a brackish aquifer through wells drilled at the Hialeah Water Treatment Plant in northeastern Dade County, Florida. Also described is an application of solute-transport modeling techniques to depict the hypothetical movement of the freshwater mass and to simulate the increasing salinity of the recovered water during the withdrawal phases. This paper also reports results of use of the calibrated model to predict recovery efficiencies in hypothetical future operational schedules of injection and recovery.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; Denver, CO : U.S. Geological Survey, Branch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wsp2431","usgsCitation":"Merritt, M.L., 1997, Tests of subsurface storage of freshwater at Hialeah, Dade County, Florida, and numerical simulation of the salinity of recovered water: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2431, vi, 114 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 2 plates in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2431.","productDescription":"vi, 114 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 2 plates in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wsp2431/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":137700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":28126,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2431/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28127,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2431/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db6845ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merritt, Michael L.","contributorId":29392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merritt","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29663,"text":"wri944137 - 1997 - Hydrogeology and water quality of the West Valley Creek Basin, Chester County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-12T12:44:56","indexId":"wri944137","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4137","title":"Hydrogeology and water quality of the West Valley Creek Basin, Chester County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>The West Valley Creek Basin drains 20.9 square miles in the Piedmont Physiographic Province of southeastern Pennsylvania and is partly underlain by carbonate rocks that are highly productive aquifers. The basin is undergoing rapid urbanization that includes changes in land use and increases in demand for public water supply and wastewater disposal. Ground water is the sole source of supply in the basin.</p><p>West Valley Creek flows southwest in a 1.5-mile-wide valley that is underlain by folded and faulted carbonate rocks and trends east-northeast, parallel to regional geologic structures. The valley is flanked by hills underlain by quartzite and gneiss to the north and by phyllite and schist to the south. Surface water and ground water flow from the hills toward the center of the valley. Ground water in the valley flows west-southwest parallel to the course of the stream. Seepage investigations identified losing reaches in the headwaters area where streams are underlain by carbonate rocks and gaining reaches downstream. Tributaries contribute about 75 percent of streamflow. The ground-water and surface-water divides do not coincide in the carbonate valley. The ground-water divide is about 0.5 miles west of the surface-water divide at the eastern edge of the carbonate valley. Underflow to the east is about 1.1 inches per year. Quarry dewatering operations at the western edge of the valley may act partly as an artificial basin boundary, preventing underflow to the west. </p><p>Water budgets for 1990, a year of normal precipitation (45.8 inches), and 1991, a year of sub-normal precipitation (41.5 inches), were calculated. Streamflow was 14.61 inches in 1990 and 12.08 inches in 1991. Evapotranspiration was estimated to range from 50 to 60 percent of precipitation. Base flow was about 62 percent of streamflow in both years. Exportation by sewer systems was about 3 inches from the basin and, at times, equaled base flow during the dry autumn of 1991. Recharge was estimated to be 18.5 inches in 1990 and 13.7 inches in 1991. </p><p>Ground-water quality in the basin reflects differences in lithology and has been affected by human activities. Ground water in the carbonate rocks is naturally hard, has a near neutral pH, and contains more dissolved solids and less dissolved iron, manganese, and radon-222 than ground water in the noncarbonate rocks, which is soft, with moderately acidic to acidic pH. Regional contamination by chloride and nitrate and local contamination by organic compounds and metals was detected. Natural background concentrations are estimated to be about 1 milligram per liter for nitrate as nitrogen and less than 3 milligrams per liter for chloride. Ground water in unsewered areas and agricultural areas of the basin has median concentrations of nitrate that are greater than those in ground water from other areas; septic system effluent and fertilizer are probable sources of elevated nitrate. Water samples from wells in urbanized areas contain greater concentrations of chloride than samples from wells in residential areas; road salt is the probable source of elevated chloride. Organic solvents, especially trichloroethylene, were detected in 30 percent of the wells sampled in the urbanized carbonate valley. Most of the organic solvents and some of the metals in ground water were detected near old industrial sites.</p><p>Base-flow stream quality of West Valley Creek was determined at 15 sites from monthly sampling for 1 year. Differences in stream quality reflect differences in lithology, land use, and point sources in tributary subbasins and mainstem reaches. The chemical composition of base flow in the mainstem is dominated by ground-water discharge from carbonate rocks. Elevated concentrations of nitrate (greater than 3 milligrams per liter as nitrogen) in base flow were measured in a tributary draining agricultural land and in a tributary draining an unsewered residential area. Elevated concentrations of phosphate&nbsp;(greater than 0.5 milligrams per liter as phosphorus) were measured in a stream that receives treated sewage effluent. Discharge of water containing elevated sulfate (about 250 milligrams per liter) from quarry dewatering operations contributes to die increase in sulfate concentration (of 10 to 40 milligrams per liter) in base flow downstream from the quarry. The chloride load at all stream sites is greater than the load contributed by precipitation and mineral weathering to the basin, indicating anthropogenic sources of chloride throughout the basin. </p><p>The diversity index of the benthic invertebrate community has increased since 1973 at the longterm biological monitoring site on West Valley Creek, indicating an improvement in stream quality. The improvement probably is related to controls on discharges and banning of pesticides, such as DOT, in the 1970's. Concentrations of dissolved constituents, except for chloride, determined for base flow in the autumn do not appear to have changed since 1971. Application of the seasonal Kendall test for trend indicates that concentrations of chloride in base flow have increased since 1971; this increase may be related to the increase in urbanization in the basin. The benthic community structure at the West Valley Creek site in 1991 indicates slight nutrient enrichment.</p><p>Lithium was detected in ground water and surface water downgradient from two lithiumprocessing facilities. Until 1991, lithium was discharged into a losing reach of West Valley Creek, thus introducing lithium into the ground-water system. The potential for cross-contamination between the ground-water and surface-water systems is great, as demonstrated by the detection of lithium in ground water and surface water downstream and downgradient from the two lithium-processing facilities. The lithium that was discharged into the creek acts as a conservative tracer in gaining reaches of West Valley Creek, maintaining a mass balance and characteristic isotopic signature. Lithium-7/lithium-6 ratios were greater in streams that are affected by sewage and by lithium-processing discharges and in ground water downgradient from the lithium-processing facilities than natural background lithium isotopic ratios.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri944137","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Chester County Water Resources Authority","usgsCitation":"Senior, L.A., Sloto, R.A., and Reif, A.G., 1997, Hydrogeology and water quality of the West Valley Creek Basin, Chester County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4137, Report: ix, 160 p.; 1 Plate: 32.59 x 26.79 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944137.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 160 p.; 1 Plate: 32.59 x 26.79 inches","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353357,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4137/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58488,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4137/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119480,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4137/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","datum":"National Geodetic Datum of 1929","country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Chester County","otherGeospatial":"West Valley Creek Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.70833333,\n              39.91666667\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.54166667,\n              39.91666667\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.54166667,\n              40.08333333\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.70833333,\n              40.08333333\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.70833333,\n              39.91666667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db625145","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senior, Lisa A. 0000-0003-2629-1996 lasenior@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-1996","contributorId":2150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senior","given":"Lisa","email":"lasenior@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sloto, Ronald A. rasloto@usgs.gov","contributorId":424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloto","given":"Ronald","email":"rasloto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reif, Andrew G. 0000-0002-5054-5207 agreif@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-5207","contributorId":2632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reif","given":"Andrew","email":"agreif@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":6411,"text":"pp1572 - 1997 - Numerical simulation of ground-water flow through glacial deposits and crystalline bedrock in the Mirror Lake area, Grafton County, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-10T09:03:24","indexId":"pp1572","displayToPublicDate":"1997-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1572","title":"Numerical simulation of ground-water flow through glacial deposits and crystalline bedrock in the Mirror Lake area, Grafton County, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"This report documents the development of a computer model to simulate steady-state (long-term average) flow of ground water in the vicinity of Mirror Lake, which lies at the eastern end of the Hubbard Brook valley in central New Hampshire. The 10-km2 study area includes Mirror Lake, the three streams that flow into Mirror Lake, Leeman's Brook, Paradise Brook, and parts of Hubbard Brook and the Pemigewasset River. The topography of the area is characterized by steep hillsides and relatively flat valleys. Major hydrogeologic units include glacial deposits, composed of till containing pockets of sand and gravel, and fractured crystalline bedrock, composed of schist intruded by granite, pegmatite, and lamprophyre. Ground water occurs in both the glacial deposits and bedrock. Precipitation and snowmelt infiltrate to the water table on the hillsides, flow downslope through the saturated glacial deposits and fractured bedrock, and discharge to streams and to Mirror Lake. \r\n\r\n      The model domain includes the glacial deposits, the uppermost 150m of bedrock, Mirror Lake, the layer of organic sediments on the lake bottom, and streams and rivers within the study area. A streamflow routing package was included in the model to simulate baseflow in streams and interaction between streams and ground water. Recharge from precipitation is assumed to be areally uniform, and riparian evapotranspiration along stream banks is assumed negligible. The spatial distribution of hydraulic conductivity is represented by dividing the model domain into several zones, each having uniform hydraulic properties. Local variations in recharge and hydraulic conductivities are ignored; therefore, the simulation results characterize the general ground-water system, not local details of ground-water movement. \r\n\r\n      The model was calibrated using a nonlinear regression method to match hydraulic heads measured in piezometers and wells, and baseflow in three inlet streams to Mirror Lake. Model calibration indicates that recharge from precipitation to the water table is 26 to 28 cm/year. Hydraulic conductivities are 1.7 x 10-6 to 2.7 x 10-6 m/s for glacial deposits, about 3 x 10-7 m/s for bedrock beneath lower hillsides and valleys, and about 6x10-8 m/s for bedrock beneath upper hillsides and hilltops. Analysis of parameter uncertainty indicates that the above values are well constrained, at least within the context of regression analysis. In the regression, several attributes of the ground-water flow model are assumed perfectly known. The hydraulic conductivity for bedrock beneath upper hillsides and hilltops was determined from few data, and additional data are needed to further confirm this result. Model fit was not improved by introducing a 10-to-1 ration of horizontal-to-vertical anisotropy in the hydraulic conductivity of the glacial deposits, or by varying hydraulic conductivity with depth in the modeled part (uppermost 150m) of the bedrock. \r\n\r\n      The calibrated model was used to delineate the Mirror Lake ground-water basin, defined as the volumes of subsurface through which ground water flows from the water table to Mirror Lake or its inlet streams. Results indicate that Mirror Lake and its inlet streams drain an area of ground-water recharge that is about 1.5 times the area of the surface-water basin. The ground-water basin extends far up the hillside on the northwestern part of the study area. Ground water from this area flows at depth under Norris Brook to discharge into Mirror Lake or its inlet streams. As a result, the Mirror Lake ground-water basin extends beneath the adjacent ground-water basin that drains into Norris Brook. \r\n\r\n      Model simulation indicates that approximately 300,000 m3/year of precipitation recharges the Mirror Lake ground-water basin. About half the recharge enters the basin in areas where the simulated water table lies in glacial deposits; the other half enters the basin in areas where the simulated water table lies in be","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1572","usgsCitation":"Tiedeman, C.R., Goode, D., and Hsieh, P.A., 1997, Numerical simulation of ground-water flow through glacial deposits and crystalline bedrock in the Mirror Lake area, Grafton County, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1572, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1572.","productDescription":"50 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology 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,{"id":70217606,"text":"70217606 - 1997 - Comment on Verification of vertically rotating flume using non-Newtonian fluids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-22T17:44:27.388681","indexId":"70217606","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-31T11:43:04","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment on Verification of vertically rotating flume using non-Newtonian fluids","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., 1997, Comment on Verification of vertically rotating flume using non-Newtonian fluids: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 123, no. 3, p. 936-937.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"936","endPage":"937","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":382503,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1008167,"text":"1008167 - 1997 - Trace gas emissions and smoke-induced germination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-11T16:04:00.328032","indexId":"1008167","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace gas emissions and smoke-induced germination","docAbstract":"<p><span>Dormant seeds of a California chaparral annual were induced to germinate by smoke or vapors emitted from smoke-treated sand or paper. Nitrogen oxides induced 100 percent germination in a manner similar to smoke. Smoke-treated water samples inducing germination were comparable in acidity and concentration of nitrate and nitrite to nitrogen dioxide (NO</span><sub>2</sub><span>)–treated samples. Vapors from smoke-treated and NO</span><sub>2</sub><span>-treated filter paper had comparable NO</span><sub>2</sub><span>flux rates. Chaparral wildfires generate sufficient nitrogen oxides from combustion of organic matter or from postfire biogenic nitrification to trigger germination of&nbsp;</span><i>Emmenanthe penduliflora</i><span>. Nitrogen oxide–triggered germination is not the result of changes in imbibition, as is the case with heat-stimulated seeds.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.276.5316.1248","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., and Fotheringham, C.J., 1997, Trace gas emissions and smoke-induced germination: Science, v. 276, no. 5316, p. 1248-1250, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.276.5316.1248.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1248","endPage":"1250","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132522,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"276","issue":"5316","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db6274bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fotheringham, C. J.","contributorId":63334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fotheringham","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019120,"text":"70019120 - 1997 - Episodic nature of earthquake activity in stable continental regions revealed by palaeoseismicity studies of Australian and North American Quaternary faults","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-02T17:41:32.969565","indexId":"70019120","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":941,"text":"Australian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Episodic nature of earthquake activity in stable continental regions revealed by palaeoseismicity studies of Australian and North American Quaternary faults","docAbstract":"Palaeoseismic investigations of recent faulting in stable continental regions of Australia, North America and India show that these faults typically have a long-term behaviour characterised by episodes of activity separated by quiescent intervals of at least 10 000 and commonly 100 000 years or more. Long recurrence intervals such as these are well documented by detailed studies of the faults that ruptured during the 1986 Marryat Creek, South Australia and 1988 Tennant Creek, Northern Territory earthquakes. Thus, neotectonic features associated with stable continental region faults such as scarps and grabens commonly have subtle geomorphic expression and may be poorly preserved. Many potentially hazardous faults in stable continental regions are aseismic, which is one reason why the inventory of these faults is incomplete. Although they may be currently aseismic, faults in stable continental regions that are favourably oriented for movement in the current stress field could produce damaging earthquakes, often in unexpected places. Comprehensive palaeoseismic investigations of modern and prehistoric faulting events in stable continental regions are needed to understand the long-term behaviour of these faults, and thereby, improve seismic-hazard assessments.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/08120099708728304","usgsCitation":"Crone, A.J., Machette, M.N., and Bowman, J.R., 1997, Episodic nature of earthquake activity in stable continental regions revealed by palaeoseismicity studies of Australian and North American Quaternary faults: Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 44, no. 2, p. 203-214, https://doi.org/10.1080/08120099708728304.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"214","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226816,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a12e4b0c8380cd521b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crone, A. J.","contributorId":84363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Machette, M. N.","contributorId":19561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machette","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowman, J. R.","contributorId":29496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70073898,"text":"70073898 - 1997 - Natural attenuation of chlorinated hydrocarbons in a freshwater wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T20:45:39","indexId":"70073898","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T10:15:46","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Natural attenuation of chlorinated hydrocarbons in a freshwater wetland","docAbstract":"Natural attenuation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOC's) occurs as ground water discharges from a sand aquifer to a freshwater wetland at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md. Field and laboratory results indicate that biotransformation in the anaerobic wetland sediments is an important attenuation process. Relatively high concentrations of the parent compounds trichloroethylene (TCE) and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (PCA) and low or undetectable concentrations of daughter products were measured in the aquifer. In contrast, relatively high concentrations of the daughter products cis- and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (12DCE); vinyl chloride (VC); 1,1,2-trichloroethane (112TCA); and 1,2-dichloroethane (12DCA) were measured in ground water in the wetland sediments, although total VOC concentrations decreased upward from about 1 mu mol/L (micromoles per liter) at the base of the wetland sediments to less than 0.2 near the surface. Microcosm experiments showed that 12DCE and VC are produced from anaerobic degradation of both TCE and PCA; PCA degradation also produced 112TCA and 12DCA.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"In situ and on-site bioremediation: Papers from the Fourth International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Fourth International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium","conferenceDate":" April 28-May 1, 1997","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA","language":"English","publisher":"Battelle Press","publisherLocation":"Columbus, OH","usgsCitation":"Lora, M.M., Olsen, L., and Smith, B.L., 1997, Natural attenuation of chlorinated hydrocarbons in a freshwater wetland, <i>in</i> In situ and on-site bioremediation: Papers from the Fourth International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium, v. 3, New Orleans, LA,  April 28-May 1, 1997, p. 207-212.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"212","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281412,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Harford County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.569237,39.258009 ], [ -76.569237,39.721208 ], [ -76.03564,39.721208 ], [ -76.03564,39.258009 ], [ -76.569237,39.258009 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd68aee4b0b29085102328","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Alleman, Bruce C.","contributorId":113025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alleman","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509766,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leeson, Andrea","contributorId":112484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leeson","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509765,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Lora, Michelle M.","contributorId":71478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lora","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olsen, Lisa D. ldolsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Lisa D.","email":"ldolsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Barrett L.","contributorId":16450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Barrett","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70019766,"text":"70019766 - 1997 - Flood dependency of cottonwood establishment along the Missouri River, Montana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-22T16:27:04.407605","indexId":"70019766","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flood dependency of cottonwood establishment along the Missouri River, Montana, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Flow variability plays a central role in structuring the physical environment of riverine ecosystems. However, natural variability in flows along many rivers has been modified by water management activities. We quantified the relationship between flow and establishment of the dominant tree (plains cottonwood,&nbsp;</span><i>Populus deltoides</i><span>&nbsp;subsp.&nbsp;</span><i>monilifera</i><span>) along one of the least hydrologically altered alluvial reaches of the Missouri River: Coal Banks Landing to Landusky, Montana. Our purpose was to refine our understanding of how local fluvial geomorphic processes condition the relationship between flow regime and cottonwood recruitment. We determined date and elevation of tree establishment and related this information to historical peak stage and discharge over a 112-yr hydrologic record. Of the excavated trees, 72% were established in the year of a flow &gt;1400 m</span><sup>3</sup><span>/s (recurrence interval of 9.3 yr) or in the following 2 yr. Flows of this magnitude or greater create the necessary bare, moist establishment sites at an elevation high enough to allow cottonwoods to survive subsequent floods and ice jams. Almost all cottonwoods that have survived the most recent flood (1978) were established &gt;1.2 m above the lower limit of perennial vegetation (active channel shelf). Most younger individuals were established between 0 and 1.2 m, and are unlikely to survive over the long term. Protection of riparian cottonwood forest along this National Wild and Scenic section of the Missouri River depends upon maintaining the historical magnitude, frequency, and duration of floods &gt;1400 m</span><sup>3</sup><span>/s. Here, a relatively narrow valley constrains lateral channel movement that could otherwise facilitate cottonwood recruitment at lower flows. Effective management of flows to promote or maintain cottonwood recruitment requires an understanding of locally dominant fluvial geomorphic processes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(1997)007[0677:FDOCEA]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Scott, M.L., Auble, G.T., and Friedman, J.M., 1997, Flood dependency of cottonwood establishment along the Missouri River, Montana, USA: Ecological Applications, v. 7, no. 2, p. 677-690, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(1997)007[0677:FDOCEA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"677","endPage":"690","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227808,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.9507872241736,\n              48.31772840275332\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.4262969698602,\n              48.31772840275332\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.4262969698602,\n              46.27250274746859\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.9507872241736,\n              46.27250274746859\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.9507872241736,\n              48.31772840275332\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a10e7e4b0c8380cd53e52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, Michael L. scottm@usgs.gov","contributorId":1169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Michael","email":"scottm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":383845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Auble, Gregor T. 0000-0002-0843-2751 aubleg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-2751","contributorId":2187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"Gregor","email":"aubleg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":383843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Friedman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-1329-0663 friedmanj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-0663","contributorId":2473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Jonathan","email":"friedmanj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":383844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":24409,"text":"ofr96599 - 1997 - Summary of data concerning radiological contamination at well PM-2, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:16","indexId":"ofr96599","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-599","title":"Summary of data concerning radiological contamination at well PM-2, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Analysis of water collected during August and September 1993  from well PM-2, on Pahute Mesa at\\x11the Nevada Test Site, indicated  tritium concentrations of\\x1121,000 Bq/L at 610 m below land surface. The  Schooner event (U-20u) was detonated in 1968 approximately 270 meterssoutheast of well PM-2 at a working depth of 108.2 meters. The crater  created by the Schooner event was about 129.8 meters in radius  and\\x1163.4 meters in depth. Geologic and hydrologic properties of the stratigraphic units are  summarized from historical data. The soil around the well and water in  the well were analyzed for radionuclides and water in the well was also  analyzed for inorganic constituents and organic (volatile and  semivolatile) substances.  Close agreement between tritium analyses of water from well PM-2, at  different times and at the same depths, confirms the elevated levels of  tritium. The highest tritium values in the borehole were at 610 meters  below land surface-above the shallowest perforations at 765 meters below  land surface. These values were only slightly higher than values found at  greater depth in the well.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96599","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Russell, G., and Locke, G., 1997, Summary of data concerning radiological contamination at well PM-2, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-599, iv, 84 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96599.","productDescription":"iv, 84 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156791,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0599/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53498,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0599/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f61c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell, G.M.","contributorId":106154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Locke, G.L.","contributorId":59065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":61129,"text":"mf2312D - 1997 - Geologic map of the Russell Quadrangle, Costilla County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:34","indexId":"mf2312D","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2312","chapter":"D","title":"Geologic map of the Russell Quadrangle, Costilla County, Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf2312D","usgsCitation":"Wallace, A.R., 1997, Geologic map of the Russell Quadrangle, Costilla County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2312, 1 map ;58 x 46 cm., on sheet 102 x 99 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2312D.","productDescription":"1 map ;58 x 46 cm., on sheet 102 x 99 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105362,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5932.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"5932"},{"id":180363,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.36749999999999,37.5 ], [ -105.36749999999999,37.6175 ], [ -105.25,37.6175 ], [ -105.25,37.5 ], [ -105.36749999999999,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db61158e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallace, A. R.","contributorId":59445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70019818,"text":"70019818 - 1997 - Geomorphic influences on the distribution of Yellowstone cutthroat trout in the Absaroka Mountains, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-23T16:17:14.765139","indexId":"70019818","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomorphic influences on the distribution of Yellowstone cutthroat trout in the Absaroka Mountains, Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>Influences of large‐scale abiotic, geomorphic characteristics on distributions of Yellowstone cutthroat trout&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri</i><span>&nbsp;are poorly understood. We sampled 151 sites on 56 perennial streams in the Greybull–Wood river drainage in northwestern Wyoming to determine the effects of geomorphic variables on Yellowstone cutthroat trout distributions. Channel slope, elevation, stream size, and barriers to upstream movement significantly influenced the presence and absence of Yellowstone cutthroat trout. Wild populations of Yellowstone cutthroat trout were not found upstream of barriers to fish migration, at sites with channel slopes of 10% or greater, or at elevations above 3,182 m. Based on channel slope alone, logistic regression models correctly classified presence or absence of Yellowstone cutthroat trout in 83% of study sites. The addition of elevation and stream size in the models increased classification to 87%. Logistic models tested on an independent data set had agreement rates as high as 91 % between actual and predicted fish presence. Large‐scale geomorphic variables influence Yellowstone cutthroat trout distributions, and logistic functions can predict these distributions with a high degree of accuracy.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1997)126<0418:GIOTDO>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Kruse, C., Hubert, W., and Rahel, F., 1997, Geomorphic influences on the distribution of Yellowstone cutthroat trout in the Absaroka Mountains, Wyoming: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 126, no. 3, p. 418-427, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1997)126<0418:GIOTDO>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"418","endPage":"427","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228022,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Absaroka Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.05244045059682,\n              44.78913034247202\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.05244045059682,\n              44.5659140090352\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.35952486868139,\n              44.5659140090352\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.35952486868139,\n              44.78913034247202\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.05244045059682,\n              44.78913034247202\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"126","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2792e4b0c8380cd599da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kruse, C.G.","contributorId":72147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kruse","given":"C.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubert, W.A.","contributorId":12822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rahel, F.J.","contributorId":82037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rahel","given":"F.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}