Landslides are frequent in areas where there is high seismicity and steep slopes. Landslides associated with earthquakes may cause as much damage as the initial ground shaking. They may also occur long after the earthquake.
\nSome of the major earthquakes that have occurred during the past 15 years demonstrate the hazards of seismically triggered landslides. THe Hebgen Lake, Mont., earthquake of 1959 triggered a very large landslide (fig. 1) that killed and injured many people, formed a temporary lake, and blocked travel in the area. The Anchorage, Alaska, earthquake of 1964 triggered extensive subaerial (fig 2.) and submarine landslides; tsunamis (seismic sea waves) generated by the submarine landslides caused extensive damage and many fatalities in coastal areas. The earthquake in western Peru in 1970 triggered a massive debris avalanche (fig. 3) that destroyed the cities of Yungay and Ranrahirca; it probably caused about one-half of the 38,000 fatalities attributed to the earthquake. The San Fernando, Calif., earthquake of February 9, 1971, triggered more than 6000 individual landslides, most of which were small (fig. 4), in the surrounding upland areas. Fortunately, only a few of them damaged manmade structures because residential and industrial development had been restricted almost wholly to the relatively flat floor of the San Fernando Valley.
\nEach of the major earthquakes described above had magnitudes greater than 6.5. Although smaller earthquakes may cause less damage to manmade structures by ground shaking, they are capable of triggering slope failures, especially renewed movements of old, marginally stable landslide deposits (fig. 5), in hillside areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Nilsen, T.H., 1977, Landslides: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 9, no. 2, p. 27-33.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"33","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be44e4b0f59b85e02ea3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nilsen, T. H.","contributorId":93057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilsen","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70184441,"text":"70184441 - 1977 - Breeding avifauna of the south San Francisco Bay estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T11:34:45","indexId":"70184441","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3743,"text":"Western Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding avifauna of the south San Francisco Bay estuary","docAbstract":"San Francisco Bay represents one of the largest estuarine areas on the Pacific Coast of North America. Its open waters, tidal flats, tidal marshes and solar evaporation ponds provide critical foraging, resting and breeding habitat for migratory and resident birds. The avifauna of San Francisco Bay has received considerable attention; however, little of it has been directed toward assessing the overall importance of the Bay as a nesting area. Works by Grinnell and Wythe (1927), Grinnell and Miller (1944) and Sibley (1952) are the only comprehensive studies of San Francisco Bay avifauna. These studies, while major contributions, are broad in scope as they relate to the breeding avifauna of the Bay's estuarine areas. Several studies by Johnston (1955, 1956a, b), Marshall (1948a, b), DeGroot (1927, 1931) and Zucca (1954) have concentrated on the breeding biology of individual species; however, much of the marsh reclamation and Bay fill has occurred since. The present breeding status of many resident and migratory birds is poorly known for San Francisco Bay. Included among these are three rare or endangered forms: California Black Rail, California Clapper Rail and California Least Tern. In addition, some species now found in the area represent recent breeding range extensions. This study, undertaken from March to September 1971 and including a few more recent data, presents a quantitative assessment of the present breeding bird populations in the South San Francisco Bay area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Western Field Ornithologists","usgsCitation":"Gill, R., 1977, Breeding avifauna of the south San Francisco Bay estuary: Western Birds, v. 8, no. 1, p. 1-12.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337144,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337143,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.westernfieldornithologists.org/archive/V08/journal-08-1.php","text":"Volume 8, Number 1 on Journal's Website"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.30255126953126,\n 37.355967684576406\n ],\n [\n -121.90498352050781,\n 37.355967684576406\n ],\n [\n -121.90498352050781,\n 37.644684587165884\n ],\n [\n -122.30255126953126,\n 37.644684587165884\n ],\n [\n -122.30255126953126,\n 37.355967684576406\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12664e4b014cc3a3d353f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185095,"text":"70185095 - 1977 - Unusual foraging by a fork-tailed storm-petrel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T11:35:24","indexId":"70185095","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unusual foraging by a fork-tailed storm-petrel","docAbstract":"While conducting an offshore bird census from the sea beach at Nelson Lagoon, Alaska Peninsula (56°00'N, 161°10'W) at 1700 on 17 September 1976 1 saw a Fork-tailed Storm Petrel (Oceanodroma f. furcata) feeding on the beached remains of an adult gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) that had been trapped by ice and died the previous April. I watched it for about 15 min. The sky was overcast with a 25-knot offshore wind, gusting to 35 knots. Seas were running from 3 to 4 m, and the tide was high. This observation is of note because it provides direct evidence of a terrestrial (i.e. nonpelagic) foraging capability by O. furcata. It also furthers the scant knowledge on the use of beached marine mammals for food by pelagic and inshore avifauna, especially during adverse weather when normal foraging habits might be inhibited.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Gill, R., 1977, Unusual foraging by a fork-tailed storm-petrel: The Auk, v. 94, no. 2, p. 385-386.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"386","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337554,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337553,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://americanornithologypubs.org/page/access","text":"Publisher's Website"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Nelson Lagoon","volume":"94","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90130e4b0849ce97abd75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003124,"text":"1003124 - 1977 - Demographic features of a lapland longspur population near Barrow, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T09:40:18","indexId":"1003124","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographic features of a lapland longspur population near Barrow, Alaska","docAbstract":"Breeding density, clutch size, hatching and fledging success, and survival of adult Lapland Longspurs (Calcarius lapponicus) were monitored over a 7-year period near the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory, Barrow, Alaska. Nesting begins as soon as the tundra starts to clear of snow and appears to be timed so that the young of the year reach independence before the end of adult insect emergence. Arthropod prey become abruptly scarce after the period of insect emergence and thus probability of success for late broods is low. Time of nesting is also discussed in relation to factors of predation and timing of molt. At least 42.9% of males and 45.4% of females survived the next season after 1 year of age. Maximum longevity observed for both sexes is 6 years. Mean clutch size for all years investigated was 5.06 eggs per clutch. Clutch size showed both yearly and seasonal variation. The data indicate that timing of nesting is the chief factor in the observed clutch size differences, further modified by habitat quality, second nesting attempts, and probably age of female. Over a 4-year period the longspur breeding population on a 17-ha study plot declined from 15 to 2 breeding females. Life-table analysis indicates that low fledgling success for 3 consecutive years apparently was the main cause of this decline. Overall mean egg success was 44.0%, but close to 60% in 4 years considered more \"normal.\" The low egg success was due to 3 consecutive years of high predation, which may have been related to the disrupted lemming cycle of the Barrow region.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Custer, T.W., and Pitelka, F.A., 1977, Demographic features of a lapland longspur population near Barrow, Alaska: The Auk, v. 94, no. 3, p. 505-525.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"505","endPage":"525","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341290,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4085218"}],"volume":"94","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f780a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3170-6519 tcuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":2835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitelka, Frank A.","contributorId":58508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitelka","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30666,"text":"ofr77649 - 1977 - Mineral resources of the Tracy Arm-Fords Terror Wilderness Study Area and vicinity, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":30666,"text":"ofr77649 - 1977 - Mineral resources of the Tracy Arm-Fords Terror Wilderness Study Area and vicinity, Alaska","indexId":"ofr77649","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of the Tracy Arm-Fords Terror Wilderness Study Area and vicinity, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":33496,"text":"b1525 - 1984 - Mineral resources of the Tracy Arm-Fords Terror Wilderness Study Area and vicinity, Alaska","indexId":"b1525","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of the Tracy Arm-Fords Terror Wilderness Study Area and vicinity, Alaska"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":33496,"text":"b1525 - 1984 - Mineral resources of the Tracy Arm-Fords Terror Wilderness Study Area and vicinity, Alaska","indexId":"b1525","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of the Tracy Arm-Fords Terror Wilderness Study Area and vicinity, Alaska"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-29T21:02:20.040146","indexId":"ofr77649","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-649","title":"Mineral resources of the Tracy Arm-Fords Terror Wilderness Study Area and vicinity, Alaska","docAbstract":"The Wilderness Study Area consists of about 322,300 hectares (1,250 square miles or 796,400 acres) on the southwest side of the Coast Range in southeastern Alaska about 72 km (45 miles) southeast of Juneau, Alaska (fig. 1). An additional 142,800 hectares (550 square miles or 352,900 acres) lying in part between the study area and the International Boundary and in part contiguous to the southwest of the study area were studied because of their importance to the evaluation of the study area itself. Unless otherwise specified, the term Study Area as used in this report includes both the formally designated study area and these contiguous areas. The general area is one of spectacular scenery, with fiords, forests, glacier-covered peaks to 2,470 m (8,095 feet) high, tidewater glaciers, icebergs, and some broad river valleys. No roads or maintained trails or permanent residents are present, and access is only by specially arranged water or air transport. Present human use of the area is related to recreation or mineral-resource exploration.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr77649","usgsCitation":"Brew, D.A., Grybeck, D., Johnson, B.R., Jachens, R.C., Nutt, C., Barnes, D., Kimball, A., Still, J., and Rataj, J., 1977, Mineral resources of the Tracy Arm-Fords Terror Wilderness Study Area and vicinity, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-649, Report: xviii, 282 p.; 4 Plates: 35.54 x 48.45 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77649.","productDescription":"Report: xviii, 282 p.; 4 Plates: 35.54 x 48.45 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":428204,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0649/plate-1-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":428203,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0649/plate-1-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":428202,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0649/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":428201,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0649/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":428200,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0649/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":163086,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0649/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":414252,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_14491.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tracy Arm-Fords Terror Wilderness Study Area and vicinity","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -132.583,\n 58.5\n ],\n [\n -134,\n 58.5\n ],\n [\n -134,\n 57.417\n ],\n [\n -132.583,\n 57.417\n ],\n [\n -132.583,\n 58.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a044","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brew, David A. dbrew@usgs.gov","contributorId":3244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brew","given":"David","email":"dbrew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":203646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grybeck, Donald","contributorId":8066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grybeck","given":"Donald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Bruce R.","contributorId":100009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C.","contributorId":52881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nutt, C.J.","contributorId":52577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nutt","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barnes, D.F.","contributorId":48960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kimball, A.L.","contributorId":68301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Still, J.C.","contributorId":32156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Still","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rataj, J.L.","contributorId":20600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rataj","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":8000,"text":"ofr77705 - 1977 - Gravity measurements on summer sea ice in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas, 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-18T13:35:09.074238","indexId":"ofr77705","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-705","title":"Gravity measurements on summer sea ice in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas, 1976","docAbstract":"During September, 1976, a series of gravity measurements was made in the western Beaufort Sea and the northern Chukchi Sea on ice floes and on a grounded ice island. The data were taken to evaluate the technique of measuring gravity on small ice floes in summer and to supplement and extend previous measurements in the area. The locations of the gravity stations are shown on the map, which also shows previously published data taken by ship-borne gravity meters in the same general area taken from Ruppel and McHendrie (1976) and Boucher et al. (1977). Seventeen gravity stations were occupied during a 26-day cruise aboard USCGC Glacier.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr77705","usgsCitation":"Boucher, G., 1977, Gravity measurements on summer sea ice in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas, 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-705, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77705.","productDescription":"5 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":424593,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0705/report.pdf"},{"id":140337,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0705/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -177.36551143317985,\n 71.17870556893348\n ],\n [\n -177.36551143317985,\n 69.01345914043634\n ],\n [\n -131.42579581215546,\n 69.01345914043634\n ],\n [\n -131.42579581215546,\n 71.17870556893348\n ],\n [\n -177.36551143317985,\n 71.17870556893348\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db6720f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boucher, Gary","contributorId":48594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boucher","given":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70178755,"text":"70178755 - 1976 - Scientists eye steaming Mount Wrangell, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-06T16:16:57","indexId":"70178755","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scientists eye steaming Mount Wrangell, Alaska","docAbstract":"[None]
","language":"English","publisher":"U. S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"1976, Scientists eye steaming Mount Wrangell, Alaska: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 8, no. 1, p. 24-25.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5847dc81e4b06d80b7af6acf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Caldwell, James","contributorId":177214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caldwell","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655049,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orellana, Anna M.","contributorId":177213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orellana","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655050,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178750,"text":"70178750 - 1976 - Geophysical prospecting for ground water in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-06T15:53:38","indexId":"70178750","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geophysical prospecting for ground water in Alaska","docAbstract":"[none]
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Ackermann, H.D., 1976, Geophysical prospecting for ground water in Alaska: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 8, no. 2, p. 18-20.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331604,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5847dc82e4b06d80b7af6ae9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Pistrang, Marvin A.","contributorId":86224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pistrang","given":"Marvin A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655039,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spall, Henry","contributorId":77933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spall","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655040,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Ackermann, Hans D.","contributorId":44539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ackermann","given":"Hans","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70043504,"text":"70043504 - 1976 - Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":15451,"text":"ofr7684 - 1976 - Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska","indexId":"ofr7684","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"title":"Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70043504,"text":"70043504 - 1976 - Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska","indexId":"70043504","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"title":"Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-13T14:55:50","indexId":"70043504","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska","docAbstract":"Perhaps the world's longest and most complete onshore sedimentary record of late Cenozoic glaciation is preserved in the Gulf of Alaska Tertiary province that extends 800 km along the coast of southern Alaska. The Yakataga Formation, with an aggregate outcrop thickness of about 5,000 m, is characterized by variable amounts of distinctive neritic marine tillite-like diamictite and laminated siltstone containing dropstones interpreted as ice-rafted glacial debris. The lithology, sedimentary structures and molluscan fauna of the formation suggest that active tidal glaciers or an ice shelf were present along the landward margin of the basin possibly beginning in early or early middle Miocene time. Dropstone distribution in outcrop sections indicates that glaciers reached tidewater intermittently during the Miocene and were almost continually present throughout the Pliocene and much of the Pleistocene. Paleomagnetic and nannoplankton dating of the upper 1,181 m of the Yakataga Formation at Middleton Island indicate that this part of the sequence probably was entirely deposited during the Matuyama reversed polarity epoch of the Pleistocene during which the sedimentation rate was of the order of 1 m/1,000 years. Lithologically similar deposits of poorly consolidated sandy mud and pebbly mud continue to accumulate locally near tidal glaciers in the same area, and older late Quaternary deposits are undoubtedly present offshore. 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In southern Alaska, a series of arc-trench systems developed on oceanic rocks during Jurassic and Cretaceous time. Between these arcs and the metamorphic (continental) terranes of east-central and northern Alaska, large back-arc and arc-trench gap basins received thick volcanic and detrital deposits. These deposits were extensively, and commonly intensely, deformed and disrupted by mid-Jurassic to Tertiary plutonism, Laramide oroclinal bending, wrench faulting, and arc-related compression. This deformation, coupled with low porosity (in part produced by diagenetic mobilization of labile constituents), has left these rocks with only modest, local prospects for petroleum. Laramide events compressed and consolidated (\"continentalized\") the late Mesozoic back-arc basin deposits and welded them to the older continental terranes on the north and east. Subsequent sedimentation was localized and nonmarine except in onshore and offshore coastal basins, where thick sections of mixed marine and nonmarine Tertiary sediments accumulated. The Aleutian arc and the associated Queen Charlotte transform-fault system have dominated structural and depositional patterns in southern Alaska, including many of the Tertiary coastal basins, since the early Cenozoic. The Tertiary coastal basins are areally extensive, and in some areas contain many large folds. 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The apparent continuation of this volcanic arc along the margin of the Bering shelf at least as far east as St. Matthew Island supports suggestions by Burk and by Scholl and others that in late Mesozoic time the Pacific plate margin coincided with the present Bering shelf margin and did not shift to the Aleutian trench until the end of Cretaceous or the beginning of Tertiary time.
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1976 - Preliminary report on the surface and shallow subsurface geology of Lower Cook Inlet and Kodiak Shelf, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:56","indexId":"ofr76695","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-695","title":"Preliminary report on the surface and shallow subsurface geology of Lower Cook Inlet and Kodiak Shelf, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr76695","usgsCitation":"Bouma, A.H., and Hampton, M.A., 1976, Preliminary report on the surface and shallow subsurface geology of Lower Cook Inlet and Kodiak Shelf, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-695, 36 leaves :maps (9 fold. in pocket) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76695.","productDescription":"36 leaves :maps (9 fold. in pocket) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":94846,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0695/plate-7.pdf","size":"2317","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94847,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0695/plate-8.pdf","size":"2173","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94848,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0695/plate-9.pdf","size":"2186","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94844,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0695/plate-5.pdf","size":"633","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94840,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0695/plate-1.pdf","size":"1774","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94841,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0695/plate-2.pdf","size":"2372","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94842,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0695/plate-3.pdf","size":"1687","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94843,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0695/plate-4.pdf","size":"789","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94845,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0695/plate-6.pdf","size":"688","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0695/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35564,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0695/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a14f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouma, Arnold H.","contributorId":48172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouma","given":"Arnold","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hampton, Monty A. mhampton@usgs.gov","contributorId":4393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"Monty","email":"mhampton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":156969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7933,"text":"ofr76654 - 1976 - Reports pertaining to Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas of northern Alaska prepared by members of the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-05T19:47:01.632024","indexId":"ofr76654","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-654","title":"Reports pertaining to Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas of northern Alaska prepared by members of the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76654","usgsCitation":"Blean, K.M., 1976, Reports pertaining to Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas of northern Alaska prepared by members of the U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-654, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76654.","productDescription":"90 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":425394,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0654/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140814,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0654/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, northern Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -161.66600646962226,\n 71.35135285270141\n ],\n [\n -161.66600646962226,\n 68.35277437707273\n ],\n [\n -151.44709350825457,\n 68.35277437707273\n ],\n [\n -151.44709350825457,\n 71.35135285270141\n ],\n [\n -161.66600646962226,\n 71.35135285270141\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62f25f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blean, Kathleen M.","contributorId":31764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blean","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15451,"text":"ofr7684 - 1976 - Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":15451,"text":"ofr7684 - 1976 - Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska","indexId":"ofr7684","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"title":"Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70043504,"text":"70043504 - 1976 - Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska","indexId":"70043504","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"title":"Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70043504,"text":"70043504 - 1976 - Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska","indexId":"70043504","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"title":"Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-14T19:10:18.896622","indexId":"ofr7684","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-84","title":"Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska","docAbstract":"Perhaps the world's longest and most complete onshore sedimentary record of late Cenozoic glaciation is preserved in the Gulf of Alaska Tertiary province that extends 800 km along the coast of southern Alaska. The Yakataga Formation, with an aggregate outcrop thickness of about 5,000 m, is characterized by variable amounts of distinctive neritic marine tillite-like diamictite and laminated siltstone containing dropstones interpreted as ice-rafted glacial debris. The lithology, sedimentary structures and molluscan fauna of the formation suggest that active tidal glaciers or an ice shelf were present along the landward margin of the basin possibly beginning in early or early middle Miocene time. Dropstone distribution in outcrop sections indicates that glaciers reached tidewater intermittently during the Miocene and were almost continuously present throughout the Pliocene and much of the Pleistocene. Paleomagnetic and nannoplankton dating of the upper 1,181 m of the Yakataga Formation at Middleton Island indicate that this part of the sequence probably was entirely deposited during the Matuyama reversed polarity epoch of the Pleistocene during which the sedimentation rate was of the order of 1 m/1,000 years.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr7684","usgsCitation":"Plafker, G., and Addicott, W.O., 1976, Glaciomarine deposits of Miocene through Holocene age in the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-84, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7684.","productDescription":"36 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":418977,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0084/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149012,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0084/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.84105802510388,\n 60.02848768166979\n ],\n [\n -149.84105802510388,\n 57.84995795947654\n ],\n [\n -138.59679213263794,\n 57.84995795947654\n ],\n [\n -138.59679213263794,\n 60.02848768166979\n ],\n [\n -149.84105802510388,\n 60.02848768166979\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abee4b07f02db674ea8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plafker, George","contributorId":3920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Addicott, Warren O.","contributorId":80668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Addicott","given":"Warren","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":16953,"text":"ofr76492 - 1976 - Chemical analyses and statistical data for stream sediment samples from the Chandalar quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-01T21:59:53.569287","indexId":"ofr76492","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-492","title":"Chemical analyses and statistical data for stream sediment samples from the Chandalar quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76492","usgsCitation":"O'Leary, R., McDanal, S., McDougal, C.M., Day, G., and Marsh, S., 1976, Chemical analyses and statistical data for stream sediment samples from the Chandalar quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-492, Report: v, 115 p.; 1 Plate: 27.42 × 27.38 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76492.","productDescription":"Report: v, 115 p.; 1 Plate: 27.42 × 27.38 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":390157,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_15344.htm"},{"id":46060,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0492/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46059,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0492/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0492/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chandalar quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 67\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 67\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 68\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e494e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Leary, Richard","contributorId":57463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Leary","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDanal, S.K.","contributorId":108078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDanal","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDougal, C. M.","contributorId":21129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougal","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Day, G.W.","contributorId":63363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marsh, S.P.","contributorId":32913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":15025,"text":"ofr76206 - 1976 - Report on the environmental geology OCS area, eastern Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-31T22:54:36.648543","indexId":"ofr76206","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-206","title":"Report on the environmental geology OCS area, eastern Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"In anticipation of oil and gas leasing of the outer continental shelf (OCS lease area 39) in the northeastern Gulf of Alaska, the U. S. Geological Survey began a regional reconnaissance in 1974. The study area, which extends from Prince William Sound on the west to Yakutat Bay on the east, is in a region fraught with natural hazards. The tectonic history of the area suggests that future major earthquakes could pose serious hazards to installations on the continental shelf or along the coast of the Gulf of Alaska. The hazard may be either direct, by ground shaking or fault displacement, or indirect, through ground failure or generation of tsunami waves. Storm waves sometimes are responsible for ground failures, especially in areas of rapid accumulation of sediment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76206","usgsCitation":"Molnia, B.F., Carlson, P.R., and Bruns, T.R., 1976, Report on the environmental geology OCS area, eastern Gulf of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-206, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76206.","productDescription":"28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":419458,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0206/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148074,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0206/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"eastern Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150.30411340796635,\n 60.79330727975059\n ],\n [\n -150.30411340796635,\n 58.63019074389118\n ],\n [\n -138.8408174572727,\n 58.63019074389118\n ],\n [\n -138.8408174572727,\n 60.79330727975059\n ],\n [\n -150.30411340796635,\n 60.79330727975059\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62f56f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molnia, Bruce F. bmolnia@usgs.gov","contributorId":4002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Molnia","given":"Bruce","email":"bmolnia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":410,"text":"National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":170434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlson, Paul R.","contributorId":81469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bruns, Terry R.","contributorId":29420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruns","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":15000,"text":"ofr76246 - 1976 - Hard rock uranium potential in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-06T20:28:29.777427","indexId":"ofr76246","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-246","title":"Hard rock uranium potential in Alaska","docAbstract":"Discussing the potential of \"hardrock\" (i.e., non-sedimentary type) uranium deposits in a 586,000 mi2 portion of the North America Cordillera is a difficult task compounded by the fact that the remoteness of much of the region and the logistical difficulties have resulted in only reconnaissance geologic information being available for large parts of the state.
Cobb (1970) has listed known occurrences of uranium and thorium minerals in the state and a somewhat modified version of his compilation showing chiefly hardrock occurrences is given in figure 1; it should be emphasized that these are occurrences only and not necessarily deposits of possible economic significance. The distribution pattern shows a concentration of occurrences in southeastern Alaska and particularly in the interior.
The only production of uranium in Alaska from any type of deposit has been from a hardrock deposit, that being the roughly 120,000 tons of ore averaging about one percent U308 from the Ross-Adams mine near Bokan Mountain on Prince of Wales Island close to the southern tip of southeastern Alaska.
The Bokan Mountain uranium-thorium area includes about 71 mi2 and is largely underlain by plutonic rocks (MacKevett, 1963). The plutonic rocks range from pyroxenite to peralkaline granite and syenite, but they consist chiefly of diorite, quartz diorite, granodiorite, and quartz monzonite. The peralkaline granite, a small pluton about 3 mi2 in area, is Late Triassic or Early Jurassic in age while the other plutonic rocks are early Paleozoic.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76246","usgsCitation":"Miller, T.P., 1976, Hard rock uranium potential in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-246, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76246.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148953,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0246/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":421763,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0246/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2160","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1976, Quality of surface waters of the United States, 1970, Parts 12-16, North Pacific slope basins, Alaska, and Hawaii and other Pacific areas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2160, xiv, 501 p. ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2160.","productDescription":"xiv, 501 p. ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2160/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30036,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2160/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8be4b07f02db65184c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":17705,"text":"ofr76422 - 1976 - Spectrographic and chemical analyses of geochemical samples and related data from the Tanacross Quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:26","indexId":"ofr76422","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-422","title":"Spectrographic and chemical analyses of geochemical samples and related data from the Tanacross Quadrangle, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr76422","usgsCitation":"O’Leary, R.M., McDanal, S., McDougal, C.M., Day, G., Curtin, G., and Foster, H., 1976, Spectrographic and chemical analyses of geochemical samples and related data from the Tanacross Quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-422, 240 leaves, 2 sheets :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76422.","productDescription":"240 leaves, 2 sheets :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0422/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46928,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0422/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46929,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0422/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46930,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0422/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4c79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Leary, Richard M.","contributorId":19936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Leary","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDanal, S.K.","contributorId":108078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDanal","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDougal, C. M.","contributorId":21129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougal","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Day, G.W.","contributorId":63363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Curtin, G.C.","contributorId":89501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtin","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Foster, H.L.","contributorId":34894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":18039,"text":"ofr76513 - 1976 - Water availability, quality, and use in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-29T21:30:41.440183","indexId":"ofr76513","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-513","title":"Water availability, quality, and use in Alaska","docAbstract":"The Alaska Water Assessment, sponsored by the Water Resources Council, is a specific problem analysis for Alaska of the National Assessment of Water and Related Land Resources. The assessment addresses water and water-related land problems, present and future. It was felt that a supplementary report, as a part of the assessment, was needed to state in general terms the present hydrologic conditions, including the availability, quality, and use of both surface water and ground water in the Alaska region.
Alaska covers an area of 586,412 square miles, about one-fifth of the total area of the United States. Characteristic of parts of the region is the presence of permafrost. The physiography of Alaska ranges from low coastal plains of the Arctic and deltas of the major rivers to peaks of the Alaska Range. Climate in the State ranges from the maritime rain forests of southeast Alaska to the frozen desert of the Arctic. Mean annual runoff for the region is estimated at 1,260,000 cubic feet per second which includes an estimated 163,000 cubic feet per second of inflow from Canada.
The Alaska region has been divided into six hydrologic subregions and eighteen subareas. For each subarea, estimated mean annual runoff per square mile, suspended-sediment concentrations that can be expected during \"normal\" summer runoff and, where data are available, flood magnitudes and frequencies are illustrated on maps. Also illustrated are estimated ground-water yields in each subarea. Tables listing water quality of both ground water and surface water from selected wells and streams are also included. Water use according to the type of use is discussed, and estimates are given for the amounts used. Water-use categories in the State include domestic, irrigation, livestock, seafood processing, oil and gas development, petrochemical processing, pulp mills, hydroelectric, coal processing, steam electric, mineral processing, sand and gravel mining, and fish-hatchery operations. Also illustrated on maps are estimated ground-water yields in each subarea. Tables listing water quality of both ground water and surface water from selected wells and streams are also included.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76513","usgsCitation":"Balding, G., 1976, Water availability, quality, and use in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-513, xii, 236 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76513.","productDescription":"xii, 236 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411197,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_15354.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":151045,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0513/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":359124,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0513/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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\":{\"name\":\"Alaska\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699ba6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balding, G. O.","contributorId":87135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balding","given":"G. O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":18119,"text":"ofr76490 - 1976 - Selected field data collected in 1975, northeastern Craig Quadrangle, southeastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-22T17:57:11.341074","indexId":"ofr76490","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-490","title":"Selected field data collected in 1975, northeastern Craig Quadrangle, southeastern Alaska","docAbstract":"This report consists of a computer printout of geologic field data recorded by H.C. Berg from July 2 to July 20, 1975 in the part of the Craig (CR) 1:250,000-scale quadrangle northeast of Clarence Strait (figs. 1 and 2). It contains edited and revised observations on structure, lithology, mineralogy, metamorphism, and mineral occurrences. Areas covered by the observations include southern Etolin and adjacent islands and part of Cleveland Peninsula, including 5 sites in the Ketchikan (KC) quadrangle immediately adjacent to the Craig quadrangle (fig. 2). A preliminary geologic map incorporating the data has been released (Berg and others, 1976). The printout includes the latitude-longitude coordinates of each field station, so that the user can locate the observations within a few metres on larger-scale topographic maps than figure 2.
The purpose of this report is to provide an organized file of detailed field observations to supplement and amplify a companion geologic map. The combined reports thus constitute a complete record of available information to serve as wide a range of potential users as possible.
The information in this report was transferred from geologic fieldsheets (fig. 3) to computer storage using the method described by Hudson and others (1975). A. Marianne Fujii transcribed the data from the fieldsheets; Betsy Yount and Frances Wahl helped to update the computer file and prepare it for publication; and Bruce Salem wrote the interactive computer program that greatly facilitated entry of the fieldnotes into the computer file.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76490","usgsCitation":"Berg, H., and Fujii, A.M., 1976, Selected field data collected in 1975, northeastern Craig Quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-490, viii, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76490.","productDescription":"viii, 70 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":424685,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0490/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149216,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0490/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Craig Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -134.667,\n 55\n ],\n [\n -132,\n 55\n ],\n [\n -132,\n 56\n ],\n [\n -134.667,\n 56\n ],\n [\n -134.667,\n 55\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699f44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berg, Henry C.","contributorId":73176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berg","given":"Henry C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fujii, A. Marianne","contributorId":81507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujii","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Marianne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":4069,"text":"cir732 - 1976 - The United States Geological Survey in Alaska; organization and status of programs in 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T17:44:49","indexId":"cir732","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"732","title":"The United States Geological Survey in Alaska; organization and status of programs in 1976","docAbstract":"This report of the activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska is organized in four parts (1) services and responsibilities of the U.S. Geological Survey; (2) organization of the U.S. Geological Survey; 13) current U.S. Geological Survey activities; and (4) cooperative projects with Federal, State, and local agencies.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off. ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Branch of Distribution,","doi":"10.3133/cir732","usgsCitation":"1976, The United States Geological Survey in Alaska; organization and status of programs in 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 732, iii, 64 p. :ill., maps ; 27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir732.","productDescription":"iii, 64 p. :ill., maps ; 27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31164,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1976/0732/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122781,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1976/0732/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db673023","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cobb, Edward Huntington","contributorId":25916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobb","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"Huntington","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731002,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":13924,"text":"ofr76235 - 1976 - An introduction to the geologic literature of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:56","indexId":"ofr76235","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-235","title":"An introduction to the geologic literature of Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"United States Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr76235","usgsCitation":"Grybeck, D.J., 1976, An introduction to the geologic literature of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-235, 23 leaves ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76235.","productDescription":"23 leaves ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":111771,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/11125","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db6843bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grybeck, D. J.","contributorId":47367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grybeck","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}