{"pageNumber":"362","pageRowStart":"9025","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10957,"records":[{"id":32600,"text":"pp1184 - 1981 - Bimodal Silurian and Lower Devonian volcanic rock assemblages in the Machias-Eastport area, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:19","indexId":"pp1184","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1184","title":"Bimodal Silurian and Lower Devonian volcanic rock assemblages in the Machias-Eastport area, Maine","docAbstract":"Exposed in the Machias-Eastport area of southeastern Maine is the thickest (at least 8,000 m), best exposed, best dated, and most nearly complete succession of Silurian and Lower Devonian volcanic strata in the coastal volcanic belt, remnants of which crop out along the coasts of southern New Brunswick, Canada, and southeastern New England in the United States. The volcanics were erupted through the 600-700-million-year-old Avalonian sialic basement. To test the possibility that this volcanic belt was a magmatic arc above a subduction zone prior to presumed Acadian continental collision, samples representing the entire section in the Machias-Eastport area of Maine were chemically analyzed. \r\n\r\nThree strongly bimodal assemblages of volcanic rocks and associated intrusives are recognized, herein called the Silurian, older Devonian, and younger Devonian assemblages. The Silurian assemblage contains typically nonporphyritic high-alumina tholeiitic basalts, basaltic andesites, and diabase of continental characterand calc-alkalic rhyolites, silicic dacites, and one known dike of andesite. These rocks are associated with fossiliferous, predominantly marine strata of the Quoddy, Dennys, and Edmunds Formations, and the Leighton Formation of the Pembroke Group (the stratigraphic rank of both is revised herein for the Machias-Eastport area), all of Silurian age. The shallow marine Hersey Formation (stratigraphic rank also revised herein) of the Pembroke Group, of latest Silurian age (and possibly earliest Devonian, as suggested by an ostracode fauna), contains no known volcanics; and it evidently was deposited during a volcanic hiatus that immediately preceded emergence of the coastal volcanic belt and the eruption of the older Devonian assemblage. The older Devonian assemblage, in the lagoonal to subaerial Lower Devonian Eastport Formation, contains tholeiitic basalts and basaltic andesites, typically with abundant plagioclase phenocrysts and typically richer in iron and titanium and poorer in magnesium and nickel than the Silurian basalts; and the Eastport Formation has rhyolites and silicic dacites that have higher average SiO2 and K2O contents and higher ratios of FeO* to MgO than the Silurian ones. The younger Devonian assemblage is represented by one sample of basalt from a flow in red beds of the post-Acadian Upper Devonian Perry Formation, and by three samples from pre-Acadian diabases that intrude the Leighton and Hersey Formations. These rocks are even richer in titanium and iron and poorer in magnesium and nickel than the older Devonian basalts. Post-Acadian granitic plutons exposed along the coastal belt for which analyses are available are tentatively included in the younger Devonian assemblage. The most conspicuous features of the coastal volcanics and associated intrusives are the preponderance of rocks of basaltic composition ( < 52 percent SiO2 ) in the Silurian assemblage, and the near absence in all assemblages of intermediate rocks having 57-67 percent SiO2 (calculated without volatiles). \r\n\r\nAll the rocks are variably altered spilites and keratophyres. The basaltic types are adequately defined, however, by eight samples of least altered basalts having calcic plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and 0.5 percent or less CO2 , The more altered basalts are variably enriched or depleted in Na2O, K2O, and CaO relative to the least altered ones. In the silicic rocks no primary ferromagnesian minerals are preserved. The Na2O and K2O contents of the silicic rocks are erratic; they are approximately reciprocal, possibly owing to alkali exchange while the rocks were still glassy. \r\n\r\nWe propose that the coastal volcanic belt extended along an axis of thermal swelling in the Earth's mantle and upward intrusion of partially melted mantle into the sialic Avalonian crust. These processes were accompanied by shoaling and emergence of the belt, and they produced the bimodal volcanism. Tholeiitic basaltic melts segregated from mantle material ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1184","usgsCitation":"Gates, O., and Moench, R.H., 1981, Bimodal Silurian and Lower Devonian volcanic rock assemblages in the Machias-Eastport area, Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1184, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1184.","productDescription":"32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1184/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60457,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1184/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625ee0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gates, Olcott","contributorId":42638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gates","given":"Olcott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moench, R. H.","contributorId":8853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moench","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9435,"text":"ofr81913 - 1981 - Ground-water hydrology of strip-mine areas in eastern Ohio (conditions during mining of two watersheds in Coshocton and Muskingum counties)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-07T09:44:11","indexId":"ofr81913","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-913","title":"Ground-water hydrology of strip-mine areas in eastern Ohio (conditions during mining of two watersheds in Coshocton and Muskingum counties)","docAbstract":"

Ground-water conditions during coal strip mining in two small watersheds are described as part of an ongoing study of effects of mining on hydrologic systems. Both watersheds were underlain by stratified sedimentary rocks containing two perched aquifers above clay beds which underlaid the major coal seams. Mining involved removing the overburden rocks, including the top aquifer, stripping the coal seam, and recontouring the overburden spoils to the approximate premining shape of the watershed.

Water levels in the top aquifer declined as mining neared the watersheds, but destruction of observation wells precluded a record of any decline during mining in the watersheds. Depletion of the top aquifer was reflected in base flow of streams, which was reduced and more highly mineralized after mining. Initial saturated thickness of replaced overburden spoils ranged from 0 to 4 feet, based on data from observation wells installed immediately after reclamation. Down-hole specific-conductance measurements of water in the spoils suggest the presence of more highly mineralized water than that in the premining top aquifer. No significant effects of mining are evident on ground-water levels or quality beneath the stripped coal. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Columbus, OH","doi":"10.3133/ofr81913","usgsCitation":"Helgesen, J.O., and Razem, A.C., 1981, Ground-water hydrology of strip-mine areas in eastern Ohio (conditions during mining of two watersheds in Coshocton and Muskingum counties): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-913, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81913.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":143434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":330785,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0913/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","county":"Coshocton County, Jefferson County, Muskingum County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-81.7092,40.4449],[-81.7123,40.3801],[-81.7124,40.371],[-81.6165,40.3681],[-81.6192,40.2951],[-81.6225,40.2213],[-81.6676,40.2225],[-81.6703,40.1517],[-81.7166,40.1525],[-81.7226,40.0392],[-81.7286,39.9322],[-81.6908,39.9311],[-81.694,39.8558],[-81.6935,39.8554],[-81.6942,39.8422],[-81.6976,39.7556],[-81.8154,39.7604],[-81.9093,39.7645],[-82.0762,39.7706],[-82.0742,39.8051],[-82.0729,39.816],[-82.1322,39.8189],[-82.1705,39.8203],[-82.1623,39.9051],[-82.1617,39.9092],[-82.1671,39.9096],[-82.2343,39.9134],[-82.2343,39.9171],[-82.2336,39.9207],[-82.2317,39.9479],[-82.2317,39.9511],[-82.2131,39.951],[-82.1987,39.9501],[-82.1987,39.9555],[-82.1974,39.9673],[-82.1968,39.9727],[-82.1974,39.9755],[-82.1922,40.0738],[-82.1922,40.077],[-82.1876,40.1668],[-82.1831,40.2389],[-82.1963,40.2393],[-82.1904,40.3455],[-82.1904,40.3468],[-82.1891,40.3658],[-82.1885,40.379],[-82.1878,40.3971],[-82.1871,40.4117],[-82.1865,40.4253],[-82.1858,40.4398],[-82.1852,40.4493],[-82.1845,40.4534],[-82.1845,40.4565],[-82.0903,40.4526],[-82.0861,40.4526],[-82.0854,40.454],[-82.0341,40.4524],[-82.0275,40.4524],[-81.9888,40.4514],[-81.894,40.4482],[-81.7092,40.4449]]],[[[-80.6653,40.5829],[-80.6649,40.5798],[-80.6626,40.5746],[-80.6581,40.5708],[-80.6459,40.5623],[-80.6423,40.5585],[-80.6393,40.554],[-80.6375,40.5499],[-80.6348,40.5457],[-80.6325,40.5428],[-80.6309,40.541],[-80.6301,40.54],[-80.6272,40.5361],[-80.6254,40.5333],[-80.6248,40.5312],[-80.6245,40.5287],[-80.6238,40.5251],[-80.622,40.5206],[-80.6203,40.5165],[-80.6176,40.5083],[-80.6128,40.5016],[-80.6098,40.4977],[-80.6071,40.4945],[-80.6024,40.4899],[-80.6,40.4863],[-80.5978,40.4821],[-80.5973,40.4785],[-80.5959,40.4761],[-80.5956,40.4753],[-80.5957,40.4699],[-80.597,40.4644],[-80.6003,40.4576],[-80.604,40.4514],[-80.6078,40.4455],[-80.611,40.4392],[-80.6116,40.4375],[-80.6122,40.4349],[-80.6128,40.429],[-80.6131,40.4267],[-80.6132,40.4247],[-80.6122,40.417],[-80.6117,40.412],[-80.6122,40.4092],[-80.6125,40.4081],[-80.6131,40.4066],[-80.6146,40.4053],[-80.6162,40.4041],[-80.6204,40.4013],[-80.6252,40.3986],[-80.6282,40.3963],[-80.6288,40.3954],[-80.6294,40.3945],[-80.6294,40.3933],[-80.6291,40.3923],[-80.6274,40.39],[-80.6238,40.3881],[-80.619,40.3854],[-80.616,40.3842],[-80.6155,40.3839],[-80.6118,40.3819],[-80.6113,40.3815],[-80.6089,40.3798],[-80.6069,40.376],[-80.6062,40.3733],[-80.6061,40.3725],[-80.6056,40.3692],[-80.6062,40.3666],[-80.608,40.3624],[-80.6098,40.3574],[-80.6109,40.3521],[-80.6103,40.3485],[-80.6093,40.3448],[-80.6069,40.3416],[-80.6054,40.3393],[-80.6046,40.338],[-80.6029,40.3352],[-80.6012,40.3315],[-80.6,40.3297],[-80.5996,40.3268],[-80.5991,40.322],[-80.6003,40.317],[-80.6023,40.3112],[-80.6036,40.3092],[-80.6051,40.3071],[-80.6084,40.3024],[-80.6092,40.3013],[-80.6134,40.2952],[-80.6158,40.2911],[-80.6168,40.2888],[-80.6174,40.2869],[-80.6167,40.2839],[-80.6164,40.2825],[-80.6158,40.2783],[-80.616,40.2737],[-80.6172,40.2691],[-80.6194,40.2666],[-80.6204,40.2656],[-80.6252,40.2621],[-80.63,40.2598],[-80.6354,40.2566],[-80.6426,40.2543],[-80.6497,40.2498],[-80.6528,40.2462],[-80.6559,40.2421],[-80.6564,40.2415],[-80.6575,40.2387],[-80.6593,40.2342],[-80.6604,40.2311],[-80.6616,40.2279],[-80.664,40.222],[-80.6648,40.2179],[-80.665,40.2165],[-80.6658,40.2111],[-80.6669,40.2075],[-80.6686,40.2024],[-80.6704,40.1984],[-80.674,40.1947],[-80.6775,40.191],[-80.6811,40.1865],[-80.6847,40.1829],[-80.6901,40.177],[-80.6958,40.1688],[-80.7014,40.1612],[-80.7027,40.1571],[-80.7658,40.1598],[-80.7665,40.1548],[-80.8747,40.1594],[-80.8825,40.1595],[-80.875,40.3064],[-80.8749,40.3095],[-80.8722,40.3757],[-80.8715,40.3793],[-80.8673,40.3793],[-80.8651,40.4214],[-80.8657,40.4228],[-80.8747,40.4234],[-80.8886,40.4235],[-80.9418,40.4247],[-80.9417,40.4269],[-80.9417,40.4278],[-80.9402,40.4686],[-80.9372,40.4682],[-80.9366,40.4686],[-80.9245,40.468],[-80.9235,40.4839],[-80.9235,40.4852],[-80.9207,40.5564],[-80.8633,40.5552],[-80.8622,40.5997],[-80.8375,40.5984],[-80.8326,40.5984],[-80.7497,40.5972],[-80.7473,40.5972],[-80.747,40.5831],[-80.6653,40.5829]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Coshocton\",\"state\":\"OH\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dbd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helgesen, John O.","contributorId":101630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helgesen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Razem, Allan C.","contributorId":72390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Razem","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30176,"text":"wri8183 - 1981 - Quality of surface water before implementation of a flood-control project in Chaska, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T11:38:12","indexId":"wri8183","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-83","title":"Quality of surface water before implementation of a flood-control project in Chaska, Minnesota","docAbstract":"

Samples were collected for 1 year from East Creek, Chaska Creek, and Courthouse Lake in Chaska, Minnesota, to determine the water quality before implementation of a flood-control project proposed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The creeks had similar water-quality characteristics. Data indicate that ground water may be the primary source of dissolved solids, sulfate, chloride, and chromium in the creeks. The pesticides alachlor, atrazine, simazine, and 2,4-D were found in water samples from both creeks but were well below the lethal concentrations for fish. Courthouse Lake, a 57-foot-deep stream-trout lake, had a mean summer trophic-state index of 35. Phytoplankton populations varied seasonally, and blue-green algae were predominant only in late summer. The algal-pollution index was highest in late summer, but did not provide evidence of high organic pollution. The apparently successful recovery of Courthouse Lake from past inundations by Minnesota River floodwaters having total phosphorus concentrations as high as 0.66 milligram per liter suggests that the lake, in time, will also recover from the added runoff expected as a result of implementing the flood-control project. The runoff could temporarily raise the total phosphorus concentration in the lake from 0.03 to 0.12 milligram per liter and raise the spring trophic-state index from 49 to 69.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri8183","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Tornes, L., 1981, Quality of surface water before implementation of a flood-control project in Chaska, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 81-83, iv, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8183.","productDescription":"iv, 53 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":95830,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0083/report.pdf","size":"3421","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0083/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Chasta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.59407424926758,\n 44.77549879567308\n ],\n [\n -93.59407424926758,\n 44.777570337776964\n ],\n [\n -93.5987091064453,\n 44.77951995657649\n ],\n [\n -93.59991073608398,\n 44.78195688750334\n ],\n [\n -93.59613418579102,\n 44.78341899668741\n ],\n [\n -93.58875274658203,\n 44.783906358186755\n ],\n [\n -93.5841178894043,\n 44.78305347286286\n ],\n [\n -93.58154296875,\n 44.78232241827084\n ],\n [\n -93.58137130737305,\n 44.785002906517214\n ],\n [\n -93.58137130737305,\n 44.78877974689136\n ],\n [\n -93.58085632324219,\n 44.79072898717157\n ],\n [\n -93.57999801635742,\n 44.79413999925956\n ],\n [\n -93.57553482055664,\n 44.79560179986772\n ],\n [\n -93.57124328613281,\n 44.79633268628588\n ],\n [\n -93.57364654541016,\n 44.85075768934602\n ],\n [\n -93.58085632324219,\n 44.85294822403813\n ],\n [\n -93.58755111694335,\n 44.855138675413606\n ],\n [\n -93.59579086303711,\n 44.85672061625785\n ],\n [\n -93.60042572021484,\n 44.855138675413606\n ],\n [\n -93.60420227050781,\n 44.85209635933592\n ],\n [\n -93.61021041870116,\n 44.85027089254426\n ],\n [\n -93.61656188964844,\n 44.85270483540896\n ],\n [\n -93.62308502197266,\n 44.85477360597022\n ],\n [\n -93.63183975219727,\n 44.85684230221507\n ],\n [\n -93.63630294799805,\n 44.85659893004352\n ],\n [\n -93.64145278930663,\n 44.85635555684337\n ],\n [\n -93.64625930786133,\n 44.85355669111092\n ],\n [\n -93.65089416503906,\n 44.85270483540896\n ],\n [\n -93.65415573120117,\n 44.847836846819554\n ],\n [\n -93.6555290222168,\n 44.84540269823485\n ],\n [\n -93.65724563598631,\n 44.84114269070498\n ],\n [\n -93.6581039428711,\n 44.83566507529726\n ],\n [\n -93.65673065185547,\n 44.82994345435905\n ],\n [\n -93.65535736083984,\n 44.82750854975499\n ],\n [\n -93.6536407470703,\n 44.82531704766643\n ],\n [\n -93.66153717041014,\n 44.82507354229141\n ],\n [\n -93.66788864135742,\n 44.82531704766643\n ],\n [\n -93.67578506469727,\n 44.82543879996824\n ],\n [\n -93.68230819702148,\n 44.82361248844067\n ],\n [\n -93.69020462036133,\n 44.82361248844067\n ],\n [\n -93.70376586914062,\n 44.82361248844067\n ],\n [\n -93.71252059936523,\n 44.82349073228164\n ],\n [\n -93.71698379516602,\n 44.820568507320395\n ],\n [\n -93.7185287475586,\n 44.819107339295684\n ],\n [\n -93.7308883666992,\n 44.818985573622165\n ],\n [\n -93.73174667358398,\n 44.77537693794089\n ],\n [\n -93.70548248291016,\n 44.77647364827334\n ],\n [\n -93.68110656738281,\n 44.77635179259831\n ],\n [\n -93.65346908569336,\n 44.77610808047683\n ],\n [\n -93.59407424926758,\n 44.77549879567308\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db654ce7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tornes, L. H.","contributorId":103675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tornes","given":"L. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":8986,"text":"ofr81802 - 1981 - Hydrologic data of the Shawsheen River basin, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-07T22:24:24.366486","indexId":"ofr81802","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-802","title":"Hydrologic data of the Shawsheen River basin, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"

The Shawsheen River basin drains a 77-square-mile area northwest of metropolitan Boston in eastern Massachusetts and discharges into the Merrimack River. Principal tributaries to the Shawsheen River are: Content, Elm, Heath, Hussey, Kiln, Rogers, Spring, Strong Water, Vine, and Webb Brooks.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81802","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Water Resouces Commission","usgsCitation":"Gay, F.B., and Delaney, D.F., 1981, Hydrologic data of the Shawsheen River basin, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-802, Report: iii, 22 p.; 1 Plate: 23.73 x 37.74 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81802.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 22 p.; 1 Plate: 23.73 x 37.74 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409207,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0802/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":409206,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0802/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0802/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"48000","datum":"National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929","country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Shawsheen River basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.5,42.1175 ], [ -71.5,42.75 ], [ -71,42.75 ], [ -71,42.1175 ], [ -71.5,42.1175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db6074ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gay, Frederick B.","contributorId":102052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delaney, David F.","contributorId":41797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delaney","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":27261,"text":"U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaig","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":158666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":8801,"text":"ofr81467 - 1981 - Samples from the United States eastern continental margin collected by the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-25T18:15:07.000847","indexId":"ofr81467","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-467","title":"Samples from the United States eastern continental margin collected by the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"

As part of the National Geophysical and Solar-Terrestrial Data Center's (NGSDC's) project to maintain a computer-accessed list of marine geological samples, the U.S. Geological Survey has inventoried 3,949 samples from the continental margin of the Eastern United States (Fig. 1). Most (3,868) of these samples are grab and dredge samples collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in an earlier cooperative program with the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) and are stored at WHOI. Samples collected since 1974 are stored by the U.S. Geological Survey. This more recent collection is made up of 3,815.5 m of rotary-drilled cores collected at 19 stations in 1976 by the drill ship GLOMAR CONCEPTION, 243.8 m of piston cores and 38.3 m of gravity cores collected during the 1979 and 1980 cruises of the R/V ENDEAVOR, and &grab samples collected by the M/V STATE ARROW in 1978.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81467","usgsCitation":"Ferrebee, W.M., and McElroy, D.K., 1981, Samples from the United States eastern continental margin collected by the U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-467, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81467.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":426978,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0467/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142927,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0467/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"United States eastern continental margin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.7886053183355,\n 45.027365471833605\n ],\n [\n -80.8689866329627,\n 45.027365471833605\n ],\n [\n -80.8689866329627,\n 24.99390435437263\n ],\n [\n -67.7886053183355,\n 24.99390435437263\n ],\n [\n -67.7886053183355,\n 45.027365471833605\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fde79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferrebee, Wayne M.","contributorId":72788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrebee","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McElroy, Donald K.","contributorId":54594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McElroy","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":8673,"text":"ofr8162 - 1981 - Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer, east-central Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-04T20:45:55.440454","indexId":"ofr8162","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-62","title":"Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer, east-central Oklahoma","docAbstract":"

The Vamoosa-Ada aquifer, which underlies an area of about 2,320 square miles, consists principally of the Vamoosa Formation and the overlying Ada Group of Pennsylvanian age. Rocks comprising the aquifer were deposited in a near-shore environment ranging from marine on the west to nonmarine to the east. Because of changes in depositional environments with time and from place to place, the aquifer is a complex sequence of fine to very fine grained sandstone, siltstone, shale, and conglomerate, with interbedded very thin limestone. Aggregate thicknesses of water-bearing sandstones are greatest south of the Cimarron River where they reach a maximum of 550 feet in the vicinity of Seminole. North of the Cimarron River, the average aggregate thickness of the sandstones is about 100 feet but locally it may be as much as 200 feet.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8162","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oklahoma Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"D’Lugosz, J.J., McClaflin, R.G., and Marcher, M.V., 1981, Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer, east-central Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-62, Report: 63 p.; 7 Plates: 36.04 x 35.55 inches or smaller; 1 Table: 13.37 x 8.23 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8162.","productDescription":"Report: 63 p.; 7 Plates: 36.04 x 35.55 inches or smaller; 1 Table: 13.37 x 8.23 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":427421,"rank":10,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427420,"rank":9,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427419,"rank":8,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427418,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427417,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427416,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427415,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-9.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427414,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427413,"rank":2,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/tables.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142844,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"east-central Oklahoma","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.46936475290693,\n 36.97241036934163\n ],\n [\n -97.46936475290693,\n 33.94564890146998\n ],\n [\n -96.04383011001335,\n 33.94564890146998\n ],\n [\n -96.04383011001335,\n 36.97241036934163\n ],\n [\n -97.46936475290693,\n 36.97241036934163\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a88a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Lugosz, Joseph J.","contributorId":71172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Lugosz","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClaflin, Roger G.","contributorId":50157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClaflin","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marcher, Melvin V.","contributorId":11590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcher","given":"Melvin","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25857,"text":"wri8111 - 1981 - Water-resources information for the Withlacoochee River region, west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-04T18:10:43.464809","indexId":"wri8111","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-11","title":"Water-resources information for the Withlacoochee River region, west-central Florida","docAbstract":"

Daily water use in the Withlacoochee River region in 1977 averaged about 2,005 million gallons per day, 94 percent of which was saline surface water used in thermoelectric power-generation cooling. Industrial and irrigation uses required 73 percent of the freshwater. The largest user of freshwater was Hernando County, using 43.0 million gallons per day.

The ground-water system is comprised of up to three different aquifers--the surficial, the secondary artesian, and the Floridan. Little is known about the surficial and secondary artesian aquifers.

The Floridan aquifer consists mostly of limestones and dolomites, and is as much as 1,500 feet thick. Transmissivities are known to be as high as 25 million feet squared per day. Yields of 2,000 gallons per minute from 12-inch wells are possible. Although the range in fluctuations of the potentiometric surface is as great as 20 feet, no significant change has occurred since the 1930's when data were first collected.

The quality of water within the Floridan aquifer is generally excellent except near the Gulf Coast and in extreme east Marion County, near the St. Johns River where saltwater is present in the aquifer. Iron and hydrogen sulfide are sometimes a problem, but they can usually be con-trolled by proper well design and aeration of the water. Concentrations of sulfate do not exceed 250 milligrams per liter in the study area, and only in a small part of the area do dissolved-solids concentrations exceed 250 milligrams per liter.

Summaries were compiled of more than 1,000 wells, 43 continuous-record gaging stations, 21 lakes, and 46 springs. The predominant chemical type for both streams and springs is calcium and magnesium bicarbonate due to the dissolution process of the carbonate rocks. Along the coastal areas and near the St. Johns River, water is commonly of the sodium chloride type. The majority of the streams have average dissolved-solids concentrations between 100 and 200 milligrams per liter, maximum-observed specific conductance between 250 and 750 micro-mhos per centimeter, and average total nitrogen concentrations of less than 1.2 milligrams per liter.

Data for six lakes showed that the range of stage between the 90 and 10 percent exceedance stages is as great as 4.5 feet and as small as 2.2 feet. Little water-quality data for lakes are available, especially for the important constituents such as biochemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total carbon.

Flow-duration data for springs show small ranges in discharge. The differences between the 10 and 90 percent exceedance discharges are 350 cubic feet per second for Silver Springs and 280 cubic feet per second for Rainbow Springs, the two largest springs in the area. Water quality of the springs is relatively constant with time because of the water's long residence time within the carbonate rocks.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri8111","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Miller, R.A., Anderson, W., Navoy, A.S., Smoot, J.L., and Belles, R.G., 1981, Water-resources information for the Withlacoochee River region, west-central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 81-11, xi, 130 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8111.","productDescription":"xi, 130 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":380157,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0011/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158287,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0011/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Withlacoochee River region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.5894775390625,\n 28.434883464940082\n ],\n [\n -81.54052734375,\n 28.434883464940082\n ],\n [\n -81.54052734375,\n 29.82158272057499\n ],\n [\n -83.5894775390625,\n 29.82158272057499\n ],\n [\n -83.5894775390625,\n 28.434883464940082\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9d16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Robert A.","contributorId":52938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Warren","contributorId":7712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Warren","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Navoy, Anthony S. anavoy@usgs.gov","contributorId":2464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Navoy","given":"Anthony","email":"anavoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":195365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smoot, James L.","contributorId":13605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Belles, Roger G.","contributorId":6423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belles","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":8544,"text":"ofr811185 - 1981 - Hydrologic data of the lower Merrimack River basin, Massachusetts, from Concord River, Lowell, to Plum Island, Newburyport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-02T17:15:45.287223","indexId":"ofr811185","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1185","title":"Hydrologic data of the lower Merrimack River basin, Massachusetts, from Concord River, Lowell, to Plum Island, Newburyport","docAbstract":"

The lower Merrimack River basin study area drains approximately 180 square miles along the New Hampshire border in northeastern Massachusetts. This area includes parts of the Merrimack River basin within Massachusetts east of the Beaver Brook and Concord River basins, except for the Shawsheen River basin. Even though the Blackwater River basin within Massachusetts isn't part of the lower Merrimack River basin, it has been included in this report. Principal tributaries to the Merrimack River, which discharges to the Atlantic Ocean at Newburyport, Massachusetts, are: Bare Meadow, Bartlett, Cobbler Creek, Fish, Richardson, and Trull Brooks, Artichoke, East Meadow, Indian, Little, Powwow, and Spicket Rivers, and Johnson Creek.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr811185","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Water Resources Commission","usgsCitation":"Delaney, D.F., and Gay, F.B., 1981, Hydrologic data of the lower Merrimack River basin, Massachusetts, from Concord River, Lowell, to Plum Island, Newburyport: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1185, Report: iii, 34 p.; 1 Plate: 44.98 x 34.31 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811185.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 34 p.; 1 Plate: 44.98 x 34.31 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406153,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1185/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":406152,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1185/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141699,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1185/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Merrimack River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.30401611328125,\n 42.64204079304426\n ],\n [\n -70.80001831054688,\n 42.64204079304426\n ],\n [\n -70.80001831054688,\n 42.85180609584705\n ],\n [\n -71.30401611328125,\n 42.85180609584705\n ],\n [\n -71.30401611328125,\n 42.64204079304426\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607348","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delaney, David F.","contributorId":41797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delaney","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":27261,"text":"U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaig","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":157911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gay, Frederick B.","contributorId":102052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":8386,"text":"ofr81607 - 1981 - Gulf of Alaska and Lower Cook Inlet summary report 2, June 1981: A revision of Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas activities in the Gulf of Alaska (including Lower Cook Inlet) and their onshore impacts: A summary report, September 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-22T20:35:54.992218","indexId":"ofr81607","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-607","title":"Gulf of Alaska and Lower Cook Inlet summary report 2, June 1981: A revision of Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas activities in the Gulf of Alaska (including Lower Cook Inlet) and their onshore impacts: A summary report, September 1980","docAbstract":"

The search for oil and gas on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) in the Gulf of Alaska subregion of the Alaska leasing Region began in 1967, when geophysical surveys of the area were initiated. Three lease sales have been held in the subregion. Lease Sale 39, for the northern Gulf of Alaska, was held on April 13, 1976, and resulted in the leasing of 76 tracts. Lease Sale CI, for Lower Cook Inlet, was held on October 27, 1977, and resulted in the leasing of 87 tracts. Lease Sale 55, held on October 21, 1980, resulted in the leasing of 35 tracts in the eastern Gulf of Alaska. Exploratory drilling on the tracts leased in Sale 39 began in September 1976, and exploratory drilling on tracts leased in Sale CI began in July 1978. Drilling stopped on Lease Sale 39 tracts in July 1978 and on CI tracts in June 1980. No additional applications for permit to drill have been submitted for either area. Exploratory drilling is expected to begin on tracts leased in Sale 55 in the spring or summer of 1982.

Commercial amounts of hydrocarbons have not been found in any of the wells drilled in either the Sale 39 or Sale CI areas. As of February 1981, 75 of the 76 leases issued in the northern Gulf of Alaska have been relinquished, and 18 of the 87 CI leases have been relinquished. The next lease sale in the Gulf of Alaska, Sale RS-1 (a reoffering sale), is scheduled for late June 1981. Lease Sale 60 (Lower Cook Inlet and Shelikof Strait) is scheduled for September 1981.

The most recent estimate by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) of risked, economically recoverable resources for the one tract currently under lease in the northern Gulf of Alaska is that they are negligible. For the 35 tracts currently under lease (plus two tracts offered but not leased) in the northeastern Gulf of Alaska, the USGS has estimated risked, economically recoverable resource estimates of 12.6 million barrels of oil and 45.4 billion cubic feet of gas.

Onshore impacts from OCS exploration in the Gulf of Alaska have been minimal. Two communities--Yakutat and Seward--served as support bases for past northern Gulf of Alaska exploration efforts. Kenai and Homer provided support for the exploratory drilling in Lower Cook Inlet. Yakutat will serve as the support base for Sale 55 exploration activities.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81607","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Collins, K.M., and Stadnychenko, A., 1981, Gulf of Alaska and Lower Cook Inlet summary report 2, June 1981: A revision of Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas activities in the Gulf of Alaska (including Lower Cook Inlet) and their onshore impacts: A summary report, September 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-607, viii, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81607.","productDescription":"viii, 49 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141521,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0607/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":429162,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0607/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska, Lower Cook Inlet","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.2367410638907,\n 59.761897747894636\n ],\n [\n -154.2367410638907,\n 58.0197082153133\n ],\n [\n -148.7545722311674,\n 58.0197082153133\n ],\n [\n -148.7545722311674,\n 59.761897747894636\n ],\n [\n -154.2367410638907,\n 59.761897747894636\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a263","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Karen M.","contributorId":11216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stadnychenko, Anne","contributorId":32515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stadnychenko","given":"Anne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":18067,"text":"ofr81526 - 1981 - Hydrologic conditions at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, emphasis: 1974-1978","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":18067,"text":"ofr81526 - 1981 - Hydrologic conditions at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, emphasis: 1974-1978","indexId":"ofr81526","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrologic conditions at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, emphasis: 1974-1978"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":988,"text":"wsp2191 - 1982 - Hydrologic conditions at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho — Emphasis: 1974–1978","indexId":"wsp2191","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrologic conditions at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho — Emphasis: 1974–1978"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":988,"text":"wsp2191 - 1982 - Hydrologic conditions at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho — Emphasis: 1974–1978","indexId":"wsp2191","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrologic conditions at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho — Emphasis: 1974–1978"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-12T19:22:07.181971","indexId":"ofr81526","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-526","title":"Hydrologic conditions at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, emphasis: 1974-1978","docAbstract":"

The Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) site covers about 890 square miles of the eastern Snake River Plain and overlies the Snake River Plain aquifer. Low concentrations of aqueous chemical and radio-active wastes have been discharged to shallow ponds and to shallow or deep wells on the site since 1952. The regional water table ranges from about 200 feet to more than 1,000 feet below land surface within the INEL boundaries. The gradient of the water table averages about 4 feet per mile to the south-southwest. During the latest period of record, 1974 through 1978, the position of the water table has shown a net decline that ranges from 0.2 foot near the northern boundary of the INEL to more than 10 feet in the central and southern parts of the site. Recharge from surface water has been minimal or non-existent during the latter part of this period.

A large body of perched ground water has formed in the basalt underlying the waste disposal ponds in the Test Reactor Area. This perched zone contains tritium, chromium-51, cobalt-60, strontium-90, and several nonradioactive ions. Tritium is the only mappable waste constituent in that portion of the Snake River Plain aquifer directly underlying this perched zone.

Low concentrations of chemical and low-level radioactive wastes enter directly into the Snake River Plain aquifer through the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant (ICPP) disposal well. From 1974 through 1978, this 600-foot well was used to discharge a total of 1,861 million gallons of waste water which contained 1,697 curies of radioactivity, ninety-five percent of which was tritium. Tritium has been discharged to the well since 1953 and has formed the largest waste plume, about 28 square miles in area, in the regional aquifer, and minute concentrations have migrated downgradient a horizontal distance of 7.5 miles.

Other waste plumes south of the ICPP contain sodium, chloride, nitrate, and the resultant specific conductance. These plumes have similar configurations, flow southward, and the contaminants are in general laterally dispersed in that portion of the aquifer underlying the INEL. Other waste plumes, containing strontium-90 and iodine-129, cover small areas near their points of discharge because strontium-90 is sorbed from solution as it moves through the aquifer and iodine-129 is discharged in very low quantities. Cesium-137 is also discharged through the well but it is strongly sorbed from solution and has never been detected in a sample of ground water at the INEL. Radionuclide plume size and concentrations therein are controlled by aquifer flow conditions, the quantity discharged, radioactive decay, sorption, dilution by dispersion, and perhaps other chemical reactions. Distributions of non-radoactive chemical wastes are subject to the same processes except for radioactive decay.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81526","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Barraclough, J.T., Lewis, B.D., and Jensen, R.G., 1981, Hydrologic conditions at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, emphasis: 1974-1978: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-526, v, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81526.","productDescription":"v, 77 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":405122,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0526/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0526/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Engineering Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.09625244140625,\n 43.51370083689698\n ],\n [\n -111.98501586914062,\n 43.51370083689698\n ],\n [\n -111.98501586914062,\n 43.57641143300888\n ],\n [\n -112.09625244140625,\n 43.57641143300888\n ],\n [\n -112.09625244140625,\n 43.51370083689698\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db611676","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barraclough, Jack T.","contributorId":8822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barraclough","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, Barney D.","contributorId":93873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Barney","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jensen, Rodger G.","contributorId":27420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"Rodger","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":8062,"text":"ofr81476 - 1981 - Alluvial aquifer of the Cache and St. Francis River basins, northeastern Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-05T18:41:56.708604","indexId":"ofr81476","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-476","title":"Alluvial aquifer of the Cache and St. Francis River basins, northeastern Arkansas","docAbstract":"

The alluvial aquifer underlies about 9,000 square miles of the study area. Well yields from the aquifer commonly are from 1,000 to 2,000 gallons per minute. Flow toward the main area of pumping stress is eastward from the Cache River and westward from the St. Francis River. The Memphis aquifer acts as a conduit through Crowleys Ridge for induced flow from the St. Francis River basin to the Cache River basn. Water use from the alluvial aquifer since the early 1900 's has been mostly for rice irrigation. Total pumpage for rice in 1978 was about 1,650 ,000 acre-feet, of which about 88 percent was pumped from the aquifer west of Crowleys Ridge. Water levels in wells west of the ridge in parts of Poinsett, Cross, and Craighead Counties in 1978 were 75 feet below land surface and declining about 2 feet per year. Digital-model analysis indicated that at the end of 1978 water was being removed from aquifer storage at the rate of 540,000 acre-feet per year, and streamflow, mostly from the Cache River and Bayou DeView, was being captured at the rate of 430,000 acre-feet per year. Projecting the 1978 pumping rate of 1,460,000 acre-feet per year, the pumping rate would have to be reduced by about 110,000 acre-feet per year by 1990 to sustain sufficient aquifer saturation for water needs through the year 2000 in all parts of Poinsett, Craighead, and Cross Counties west of Crowleys Ridge.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81476","usgsCitation":"Broom, M.E., and Lyford, F.P., 1981, Alluvial aquifer of the Cache and St. Francis River basins, northeastern Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-476, vii, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81476.","productDescription":"vii, 55 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":35635,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0476/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":404886,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75496.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":142195,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0476/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Cache and St. Francis River basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -89.6483,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -89.6483,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -92,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -92,\n 33.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db6875c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broom, Matthew E.","contributorId":101668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broom","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyford, Forest P.","contributorId":43334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyford","given":"Forest","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":8024,"text":"ofr81924 - 1981 - Records of water levels in unconsolidated deposits in eastern South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-16T19:32:04.127941","indexId":"ofr81924","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-924","title":"Records of water levels in unconsolidated deposits in eastern South Dakota","docAbstract":"

This report, prepared in cooperation with the South Dakota Department of Water and Natural Resources and the South Dakota Geological Survey, contains a tabulation of water levels measured by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and State agencies.

Wells owned by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) were measured as part of the Oahe Irrigation Project. Wells owned by the South Dakota Department of Water and Natural Resources, Water Rights Division (SDWR) were measured as part of a special program to monitor water levels in aquifers after a county study was completed, and contains measurements made by both USGS and by the SDWR.

Water-level measurements that were made by the USGS were made with a weighted steel tape and are reported to the nearest .01 foot. Measurements made by SDWR were made with a cloth tape and popper and are reported to the nearest 0.1 foot. Measurements that are reported each fifth day were taken from a recorder chart and are the water levels at noon on that day. Data from digital recorders are reported daily and are the water levels at noon. All water-level data are given in feet below land surface datum. For readers who may prefer to use metric units rather than inch-pound units, the term feet may be converted to meters by multiplying by 0.3048.

The data in this report are presented alphabetically by county and within counties by ascending local well number. Information about each well is contained in table 1 preceeding the water-level measurements (table 2). The short name or number above the altitude in table 2 is used as an easy office reference or in the case of wells owned by SDWR, it is their well identification number.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81924","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Dakota Department of Water and Natural Resources and the South Dakota Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Bradford, W.L., 1981, Records of water levels in unconsolidated deposits in eastern South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-924, ii, 253 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81924.","productDescription":"ii, 253 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0924/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":409393,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0924/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South 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Dakota\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6356ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradford, Wendell L.","contributorId":102883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"Wendell","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":8005,"text":"ofr811335 - 1981 - Submarine topography and physiography of lower Cook Inlet, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T23:35:03.291842","indexId":"ofr811335","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1335","title":"Submarine topography and physiography of lower Cook Inlet, Alaska","docAbstract":"

The submarine topography of lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, is complex because the bathymetric aspects and water depths change rapidly over short distances. The folded upper Tertiary subbottom was eroded during the first of five major Quaternary glacial advances over the inlet, and later fluvial, fluvioglacial, glacial, and marine erosional and depositional processes shaped the bottom to its present configuration.

Most of lower Cook Inlet has a relative smooth topography showing small local highs and lows, and slopes with gradients generally ranging from less than a degree to locally about 5°. Around the southwestern Kenai Peninsula and the Barren and Kodiak Islands, strong faulting with vertical movement has added to the complexity of bottom topography. Less complex, nonfaulted areas occur near Kalgin Island and south Kachemak Bay and around Augustine Island.

To facilitate description of lower Cook Inlet the estuarine body is divided into three large regions, northern and central, southern, and eastern; and these regions are divided into smaller physiographic areas on the basis of submarine topographic characteristics and 20-m depth zonations. Each area is named by combining the geographic name of a nearby place or feature on land with a common term for a marine physiographic feature -- trough, platform, ramp, slope, plateau. Local highs and deeps having lees than 5-m relief, which can be important to fisheries and specific research or economic studies, are not named, mentioned in text, or shown on the figures.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr811335","usgsCitation":"Bouma, A.H., 1981, Submarine topography and physiography of lower Cook Inlet, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1335, ii, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811335.","productDescription":"ii, 28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422761,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1335/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140342,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1335/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"lower Cook Inlet","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.44580121600276,\n 60.11968975500082\n ],\n [\n -154.44580121600276,\n 58.84710120479073\n ],\n [\n -150.82545084483422,\n 58.84710120479073\n ],\n [\n -150.82545084483422,\n 60.11968975500082\n ],\n [\n -154.44580121600276,\n 60.11968975500082\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouma, Arnold H.","contributorId":48172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouma","given":"Arnold","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7757,"text":"ofr81421 - 1981 - Background hydrologic information in potential lignite mining areas in Mississippi, August 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-04T17:29:59.898863","indexId":"ofr81421","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-421","title":"Background hydrologic information in potential lignite mining areas in Mississippi, August 1980","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with Mississippi Bureau of Geology is conducting a hydrologic data-collection program in the potential lignite-producing areas in Mississippi. During the week of August 25-28, 1980, hydrologic data on channel characteristics were collected at 15 sites on small streams draining potential lignite mining areas in east-central Mississippi. Streamflow measurements were made and water-quality samples were collected at 11 of the 15 sites.

Main channel widths at the 15 sampling sites in east-central Mississippi ranged from 126 feet on Sucarnoochee Creek to 15 feet on Houston Creek. Maximum water depth ranged from 7 feet on Pawticfaw Creek and Tallahatta Creek to one-half foot on Okatibbee Creek. The maximum stream discharge measured was 56 cubic feet per second on Pawticfaw Creek. Four sites had no discharge. Specific conductance at sampling sites ranged from 115 micromhos on Ponta Creek to 26 micromhos on Sucarnoochee Creek. The dissolved-oxygen concentration was 5.7 milligrams per liter or higher at all sites. The concentration of suspended sediment was not greater than 38 milligrams per liter at any site. Concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, and sulfate were less than 10 milligrams per liter in all samples, but were highest at site 10 on Ponta Creek. Bottom-material samples commonly contained iron, manganese, and zinc.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81421","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Mississippi Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Geology","usgsCitation":"Arthur, J.K., 1981, Background hydrologic information in potential lignite mining areas in Mississippi, August 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-421, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81421.","productDescription":"19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409171,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0421/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0421/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db69794b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arthur, J. K.","contributorId":56223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arthur","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27307,"text":"wri8143 - 1981 - Saline ground-water discharge to the Smoky Hill River between Salina and Abilene, central Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-08T14:03:37","indexId":"wri8143","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-43","title":"Saline ground-water discharge to the Smoky Hill River between Salina and Abilene, central Kansas","docAbstract":"

Saline water discharges from the alluvial aquifer into the Smoky Hill and Solomon Rivers between New Cambria and Sand Springs, Kansas. During relatively stable base flow in 1976-77, the discharge was about 32 cubic feet per second. Chloride concentrations at base flow increased about 800 milligrams per liter in the Smoky Hill River and 550 milligrams per liter in the Solomon River.

The source of the saline water is the underlying Wellington aquifer, a zone of dissolution, subsidence, and collapse along the eastern margin of the Wellington Formation. Locally, brine from the aquifer moves upward through collapse structures in the confining layer at the base of the alluvium. The brine discharge ranges from 0.3 to 0.8 cubic foot per second, and the chloride load ranges from 150 to 370 tons per day.

Results from a mathematical model of the fl ow system indicated that recharge from periodic flooding, as in 1973, was sufficient to reverse the normal (197677) hydraulic gradient between aquifers. Although brine discharge was temporarily reduced, saline-water discharge to the rivers increased.

The discharge of brine could be intercepted by pumping wells completed in the Wellington aquifer to lower the potentiometric head and reduce upward flow. The intercepted brine could be discharged into formations underlying the area at depth or piped to a storage reservoir from which the brine would be evaporated or released to the rivers during peak flows. Also, the freshwater in upstream base flow could be diverted by canal, and the saline-water discharge could be retained by low-head dams in the river channel for release during peak flows.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri8143","usgsCitation":"Gillespie, J.B., and Hargadine, G.D., 1981, Saline ground-water discharge to the Smoky Hill River between Salina and Abilene, central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 81-43, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8143.","productDescription":"71 p.","numberOfPages":"75","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356337,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0043/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0043/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","city":"Abilene, Salina","otherGeospatial":"Smoky Hill River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.64305114746094,\n 38.66889221556877\n ],\n [\n -97.086181640625,\n 38.66889221556877\n ],\n [\n -97.086181640625,\n 39.02825225286664\n ],\n [\n -97.64305114746094,\n 39.02825225286664\n ],\n [\n -97.64305114746094,\n 38.66889221556877\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fe07c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gillespie, Joe B.","contributorId":21194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillespie","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hargadine, Gerald D.","contributorId":27499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hargadine","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":36704,"text":"fwsobs80_24 - 1981 - Coal surface mining reclamation and fish and wildlife relationships in the eastern United States. Vol. I, past findings, the surface Mining Law of 1977 (P.L. 95-87), future planning and management considerations, and information sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:57","indexId":"fwsobs80_24","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"80/24","title":"Coal surface mining reclamation and fish and wildlife relationships in the eastern United States. Vol. I, past findings, the surface Mining Law of 1977 (P.L. 95-87), future planning and management considerations, and information sources","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Leedy, D.L., 1981, Coal surface mining reclamation and fish and wildlife relationships in the eastern United States. Vol. I, past findings, the surface Mining Law of 1977 (P.L. 95-87), future planning and management considerations, and information sources: FWS/OBS 80/24, 2 v. : ill.; 27 cm.","productDescription":"2 v. : ill.; 27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aed4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leedy, Daniel L.","contributorId":37787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leedy","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7616,"text":"ofr81347 - 1981 - Water-resources investigations of the USGS in Texas, fiscal year 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-12T10:45:50","indexId":"ofr81347","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-347","title":"Water-resources investigations of the USGS in Texas, fiscal year 1981","docAbstract":"

Water-resources investigations in Texas consist of the collection of basic records through the hydrologic-data network, interpretive studies, and research projects. The hydrologic records and the results of investigations are published by the Geological Survey or by cooperating agencies. This report describes the water-resources projects and activities of the Geological Survey in Texas for the 1981 fiscal year (October 1, 1980 to September 30, 1981).

The Geological Survey's investigations of the water resources of Texas are under the general direction of Jack Rawson, Acting District Chief. The Texas District office is in the Federal Building, 300 East Eighth Street, Austin, Texas 78701.

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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b6e4b07f02db533c12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, Alicia A.","contributorId":97897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Alicia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buckner, H.D.","contributorId":49783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckner","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7559,"text":"ofr81749 - 1981 - Summary report on the regional geology, environmental considerations for development, petroleum potential, and estimates of undiscovered recoverable oil and gas resources of the United States southeastern Atlantic continental margin in the area of proposed oil and gas lease sale No. 78","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T16:56:36","indexId":"ofr81749","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-749","title":"Summary report on the regional geology, environmental considerations for development, petroleum potential, and estimates of undiscovered recoverable oil and gas resources of the United States southeastern Atlantic continental margin in the area of proposed oil and gas lease sale No. 78","docAbstract":"

This report summarizes our general knowledge of the geology and petroleum potential, as well as potential problems and hazards associated with development of petroleum resources, of the area proposed for nominations for lease sale number 78. This area includes the U.S. eastern continental margin from the mouth of Chesapeake Bay to approximately Cape Canaveral, Florida, including the upper Continental Slope and inner Blake Plateau. The area for possible sales and the previous areas leased are shown in figure 1; physiographic features of the region are shown in figure 2.

Six exploration wells have been drilled within the proposed lease area (figs. 3 and 4) but no commercial discoveries have been made. All six wells were drilled on the Continental Shelf in the Southeast Georgia Embayment. No commercial production has been obtained onshore in the region. The areas already drilled have thin sedimentary sections, and the deeper rocks are dominantly continental facies. Petroleum formation may have been hindered by a lack of organic material and sufficient burial for thermal maturation. Analysis of drill and seismic profiling data presented here, however, indicates that a much thicker sedimentary rock section containing a much higher proportion of marine deposits exists seaward of the exploratory wells on the Continental Shelf. These geologic conditions imply that the offshore basins may be more favorable environments for generating petroleum.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81749","usgsCitation":"Dillon, W.P., 1981, Summary report on the regional geology, environmental considerations for development, petroleum potential, and estimates of undiscovered recoverable oil and gas resources of the United States southeastern Atlantic continental margin in the area of proposed oil and gas lease sale No. 78: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-749, ii, 115 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81749.","productDescription":"ii, 115 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140790,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0749/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35019,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0749/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.09 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698744","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dillon, William P. bdillon@usgs.gov","contributorId":79820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"William","email":"bdillon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":156119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44143,"text":"ofr81507 - 1981 - Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111° -115° W., Idaho and Wyoming","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":44143,"text":"ofr81507 - 1981 - Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111° -115° W., Idaho and Wyoming","indexId":"ofr81507","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111° -115° W., Idaho and Wyoming"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":67107,"text":"i1372 - 1982 - Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111 to 115 west, Idaho and Wyoming","indexId":"i1372","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111 to 115 west, Idaho and Wyoming"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":67107,"text":"i1372 - 1982 - Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111 to 115 west, Idaho and Wyoming","indexId":"i1372","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111 to 115 west, Idaho and Wyoming"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-14T19:18:40.600202","indexId":"ofr81507","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-507","title":"Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111° -115° W., Idaho and Wyoming","docAbstract":"

This map portrays the distribution of surficial materials that cover most of the landscape of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjoining areas in a larger part of southeastern Idaho and a very small area in western Wyoming (fig. 1). Almost 350,000 people or 40 percent of Idaho's (estimating 1979 population from Rand McNally (1979)) live in the area, which constitutes about 30 percent of Idaho's land area.

The great majority of this population resides in the major irrigated agricultural areas along the Snake River between American Falls and Ashton and between Bliss and Lake Walcott, which contain the important and growing commercial centers of Rexberg, Idaho Falls, Blackfoot, Pocatello, Burley-Rupert, Twin Falls, and Jerome. These areas encompass almost two-thirds of Idaho's irrigated croplands, and, along with water, are the region's most important resource. Major products include potatoes, sugar beets, alfalfa, small grains, and other crops.

Along the margins of the Plain and in adjacent basins, smaller areas of irrigated farming and population are present, such as Teton Basin, Mud Lake area, Big and Little Lost River Valleys, Big and Little Wood River Valleys, and Raft River Valley. In several of these basins and in nearby upland areas, dry farming of grains is important. Some of these lands are now being converted to irrigated croplands. Grazing is the dominant economic use of grasslands on the Plain in adjacent basins and uplands. At present, industry assumes a minor role in the region's economy, although food processing and nuclear research at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) locally or important.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81507","usgsCitation":"Scott, W.E., 1981, Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111° -115° W., Idaho and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-507, 2 Plates: 55.58 x 48.43 inches and 40.09 x 47.29 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81507.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 55.58 x 48.43 inches and 40.09 x 47.29 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":398749,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12058.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":398735,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0507/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":398734,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0507/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":134830,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0507/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Plain","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688c61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7319,"text":"ofr81554 - 1981 - Mid-range sidescan-sonar images covering parts of proposed tracts for OCS lease sale 56 and contiguous areas, Manteo, Cape Fear, and adjacent quadrangles off North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-21T10:45:45","indexId":"ofr81554","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-554","title":"Mid-range sidescan-sonar images covering parts of proposed tracts for OCS lease sale 56 and contiguous areas, Manteo, Cape Fear, and adjacent quadrangles off North Carolina","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory (LDGO), collected 335 km of mid-range sidescan-sonar data in some of the tracts proposed for inclusion in Federal OCS (Outer Continental Shelf) Oil and Gas Lease Sale 56 and in some contiguous areas (R.V. GYRE, September 18-25, 1980 [GYRE 80-9, leg 1]). The data were collected by use of the Sea Mark I mid-range sidescan-sonar system designed by International Submarine Technology, Ltd. (IST). This system surveys a swath having a width of approximately 2-1/2 km on each side of the deep-towed fish. Transducers were towed about 300 m above the bottom on a neutrally bouyant vehicle at a speed of 1-1/2 to 2 knots. Transducers were pulsed at 4-second intervals at a frequency of 27 kHz on one side and 30 kHz on the other. Data recorded on seven EPC recorders aboard ship included slant-range corrected port channel, starboard channel, and port and starboard channels; uncorrected port channel, starboard channel, and port and starboard channels, and a 3.5-kHz tuned-transducer record of the bottom. Fish height or the altitude above the bottom was recorded on a strip-chart recorder. Distance of the fish from the ship (slant range) was recorded by use of a sled-mounted 4.5-kHz transducer.

Data recorded on sonograms lagged the 3.5-kHz tuned-transducer record and ship navigational fix by as much as 1 hour (2 km) owing to tow-cable length (up to 5 km). Navigation of the ship was by Loran-C at a 5-minute fix interval, supplemented by satellite fixes.

Data are of excellent quality and bottom features several meters high and about 6-12 m wide can be identified. Figures 1 and 2 show the location of track lines in the Manteo (NI 18-2) quadrangle just east of Cape Hatteras where the upper slope within proposed lease tract areas was surveyed. Figures 3 and 4 show track lines in the Cape Fear (NI 18-7) and contiguous quadrangles where data were recorded over the outer Blake Plateau, the Continental Slope, and the upper Continental Rise.

The original records may be examined at the U.S. Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543. Microfilm copies of the data are available for purchase only from the National Geophysical and Solar-Terrestrial Data c,nt er, NOAA/EDIS/NGSDC, Code D621, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 (303-497-6338).

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr81554","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management and the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory","usgsCitation":"Popenoe, P., Cashman, K.V., Chayes, D., and Ryan, W., 1981, Mid-range sidescan-sonar images covering parts of proposed tracts for OCS lease sale 56 and contiguous areas, Manteo, Cape Fear, and adjacent quadrangles off North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-554, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81554.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":140511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259861,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0554/ofr1981554.pdf","text":"Report","size":"139 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 1980-554"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.45,32.75 ], [ -76.45,35.75 ], [ -74.6,35.75 ], [ -74.6,32.75 ], [ -76.45,32.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"

Coastal and Marine Geology Program
U.S. Geological Survey
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA 02543

","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62f1a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Popenoe, Peter","contributorId":62206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Popenoe","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":155206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cashman, K. V.","contributorId":16831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cashman","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chayes, Dale","contributorId":9973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chayes","given":"Dale","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ryan, William B. F.","contributorId":86486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"William B. F.","affiliations":[{"id":7135,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":155207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":36715,"text":"fwsobs80_25 - 1981 - Coal surface mining reclamation and fish and wildlife relationships in the eastern United States. Vol. II, opportunities and approaches for fish and wildlife planning and management in coal surface mining, reclamation and postmining land use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:57","indexId":"fwsobs80_25","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"80/25","title":"Coal surface mining reclamation and fish and wildlife relationships in the eastern United States. Vol. II, opportunities and approaches for fish and wildlife planning and management in coal surface mining, reclamation and postmining land use","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Leedy, D.L., and Franklin, T., 1981, Coal surface mining reclamation and fish and wildlife relationships in the eastern United States. Vol. II, opportunities and approaches for fish and wildlife planning and management in coal surface mining, reclamation and postmining land use: FWS/OBS 80/25, 2 v. : ill.; 27 cm.","productDescription":"2 v. : ill.; 27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aed44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leedy, Daniel L.","contributorId":37787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leedy","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franklin, Thomas M.","contributorId":24397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"Thomas M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":37025,"text":"naf73 - 1981 - Birds of the St. Croix River valley: Minnesota and Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-20T11:02:32","indexId":"naf73","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":58,"text":"North American Fauna","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"73","title":"Birds of the St. Croix River valley: Minnesota and Wisconsin","docAbstract":"The St. Croix River Valley encompasses nearly 11,550 km2 in east-central Minnesota and northwestern Wisconsin. A wide range of habitats are available for birds including upland oak, lowland deciduous, maple-basswood, lowland and upland coniferous forests, natural basin wetlands, and grasslands. Situated in the north-central region of the United States, the valley is a biological 'crossroads' for many species. Because of the mixed affinities of plant communities, the valley includes the northern and southern range limits for a number of species. Also, because the valley lies near the forest-prairie transition zone, many typical western breeding species (e.g. pintail, western meadowlark, yellow-headed blackbird) breed in proximity to typical eastern species such as tufted titmouse, eastern meadowlark, and cardinal. \r\nFrom 1966 to 1980, I conducted extensive surveys of avian distribution and abundance in the St. Croix River Valley. I have supplemented the results of these surveys with published and unpublished observations contributed by many ornithologists. These additional data include compilations from Christmas Bird Counts sponsored by the National Audubon Society and from the Breeding Bird Survey coordinated by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Three hundred fourteen species have been recorded in the study area; data are presented on the migration period, nesting season distribution, winter distribution, relative abundance, and habitat use of each species. \r\n\r\nRecognizing the uniqueness of the area, and its importance not only to wildlife but also to man, the U.S. Congress designated the St. Croix a National Scenic Riverway. This action provided a considerable degree of protection to lands along and directly adjacent to the river. Unfortunately, no similar legal measure exists to protect lands away from the river. With the exception of the northern quarter of the St. Croix River Valley, agricultural interests have made significant inroads into the habitat base. The continuing expansion of the nearby Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan region has degraded or destroyed many woodlots, upland fields, and wetlands. In numerous instances, degradation of natural habitats has influenced the abundance and distribution of bird species. Because of these changes, both the Federal government and State Departments of Natural Resources have listed several species in various categories based on their current status. In the St. Croix River Valley, seven species are endangered, eight are threatened, and 29 are watch or priority status in either or both states. Data presented in this report are of value to land managers, land use specialists, and ornithologists, in assessing current and projected habitat alterations on the avifauna of this valley. \r\n\r\nThe St. Croix River bisects a large region of western Wisconsin and east central Minnesota that exhibits a wide range of habitat types. This region supports not only birds, but many mammals, fishes, reptiles and amphibians, and several thousand species of vascular and nonvascular plants. The river itself is relatively clean through most of its course, and its natural flow is interrupted by only two small dams. \r\n\r\nBecause the river lies within a 1-day drive of nearly 10 million people (Waters 1977), use of the area for recreational purposes is extremely heavy. Recreational pursuits include sunbathing, boating, and wild river kayaking in the summer, and ice fishing and cross-country skiing in the winter. The large number of unique and highly fragile habitats that exist there may never be compatible with the uses and abuses of the land that go with expanding human populations. \r\n\r\nThrough the efforts of a number of citizens concerned with the quality of their environment and the foresightedness of several local, State, and Federal legislators, a portion of the upper St. Croix River Valley (hereafter termed 'the Valley') was established as a National Wild and Scenic River. Through establishment of t","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/nafa.73.0001","usgsCitation":"Faanes, C.A., 1981, Birds of the St. Croix River valley: Minnesota and Wisconsin: North American Fauna 73, 196 p., https://doi.org/10.3996/nafa.73.0001.","productDescription":"196 p.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480562,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700971/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":165088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.80975341796875,\n 45.77901739936284\n ],\n [\n -92.43072509765625,\n 45.77901739936284\n ],\n [\n -92.43072509765625,\n 46.042735653846506\n ],\n [\n -92.80975341796875,\n 46.042735653846506\n ],\n [\n -92.80975341796875,\n 45.77901739936284\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ae4b07f02db61207d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faanes, Craig A.","contributorId":72433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faanes","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":217376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7192,"text":"ofr81600 - 1981 - Geology and potential hazards of the continental slope between Lindenkohl and South Toms Canyons, offshore mid-Atlantic United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-16T19:02:34.932712","indexId":"ofr81600","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-600","title":"Geology and potential hazards of the continental slope between Lindenkohl and South Toms Canyons, offshore mid-Atlantic United States","docAbstract":"

Because sediment instability, or slumping, has been identified as a potential hazard to petroleum development of the east-coast Continental Slope, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, began a detailed study of a segment of the Continental Slope between Lindenkohl and South Toms Canyons off New Jersey. This 40-km x 35-km area was chosen for study because it lies within the area of high interest for petroleum development (Lease sales 49 and 59), and because it includes several wells which provide stratigraphic control. This report discusses the results of geologic mapping, using seismic-reflection data acquired in 1978 and 1979. Some initial results from more recently acquired data are included.

The Continental Slope in the study area has a complex surface with ridges, canyons, and valleys. Three slump or slide features were observed in the heads and on the walls of canyons and valleys, and two slides were identified on an intercanyon area. The identified slumps or slides are found in Quaternary sediments and total about 1.3 percent of the Continental Slope area mapped.

The slope is generally mantled by less than 2 m of Holocene sediments. Pleistocene sediment (primarily silty clay) is about 450 m thick at the top of the slope and thins to nearly zero or is absent on much of the mid and lower slope, where sediments of Miocene to Eocene age are exposed. Ridges on the midslope (water depths of 800-1,500 m) and parts of the lowr slope (1,500-2,150 m) result primarily from Pleistocene and older deposition. The intervening valleys show evidence of erosion along the deepest parts of their courses. Mid-range sidescan-sonar data show evidence that processes of bottom-current erosion and downcanyon transport of material may be active in the present day. However, major features of the sea floor appear to be unchanged since late-Pleistocene time.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Woods Hole, MA","doi":"10.3133/ofr81600","usgsCitation":"Robb, J.M., Hampson, J.C., Kirby, J., and Twichell, D.C., 1981, Geology and potential hazards of the continental slope between Lindenkohl and South Toms Canyons, offshore mid-Atlantic United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-600, Report: iii, 33 p.; 3 Plates: 29.91 x 36.87 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81600.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 33 p.; 3 Plates: 29.91 x 36.87 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"36","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":140156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0600/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34574,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0600/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34572,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0600/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34575,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0600/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":397480,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75513.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":34573,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0600/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lindenkohl and South Toms Canyons","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.0,38.5833 ], [ -73.0,39.0833 ], [ -72.4167,39.0833 ], [ -72.4167,38.5833 ], [ -73.0,38.5833 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db6842c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robb, James M.","contributorId":60225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robb","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hampson, John C. Jr.","contributorId":108033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampson","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, John R.","contributorId":91826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"John R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":154697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Twichell, David C.","contributorId":37730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":154695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":7077,"text":"ofr81239 - 1981 - Data file: the 1976 Atlantic Margin Coring (AMCOR) Project of the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-27T10:43:00","indexId":"ofr81239","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-239","title":"Data file: the 1976 Atlantic Margin Coring (AMCOR) Project of the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"

In 1976, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted the Atlantic Margin Coring Project (AMCOR) to obtain information on stratigraphy, hydrology and water chemistry, mineral resources other than petroleum hydrocarbons, and geotechnical engineering properties at sites widely distributed along the Continental Shelf and Slope of the Eastern United States (Hathaway and others, 1976, 1979). This program's primary purpose was to investigate a broad variety of sediment properties, many of which had not been previously studied in this region. Previous studies of sediments recovered by core drilling in this region were usually limited to one or two aspects of the sediment properties (Hathaway and others, 1979, table 2).

\n
\n

The AMCOR program was limited by two factors: water depth and penetration depth. Because the ship selected for the program, the Glomar Conception, lacked dynamic positioning capability, its anchoring capacity determined the maximum water depth in which drilling could take place. Although it was equipped to anchor in water 450 m deep and did so successfully at one site, we attmepted no drilling in water depths greater than 300 m. Strong Gulf Stream currents at the one attempted deep (443 m) site frustrated attempts to \"spud in\" to begin the hole.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81239","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., 1981, Data file: the 1976 Atlantic Margin Coring (AMCOR) Project of the U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-239, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81239.","productDescription":"96 p.","numberOfPages":"97","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":140178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0239/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34403,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0239/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.02,24.97 ], [ -82.02,43.0 ], [ -65.13,43.0 ], [ -65.13,24.97 ], [ -82.02,24.97 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c958","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poppe, Lawrence J. lpoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Lawrence J.","email":"lpoppe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503962,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, Lawrence J. lpoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Lawrence J.","email":"lpoppe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":154195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7014,"text":"ofr81409 - 1981 - Assessment of water quality in streams draining coal-producing areas in Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T15:14:41","indexId":"ofr81409","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-409","title":"Assessment of water quality in streams draining coal-producing areas in Ohio","docAbstract":"

Quality of water in 150 sites in the coal-producing areas of eastern Ohio was studied in a two-phase investigation between May 1975 and August 1976. Results of phase one, a reconnaissance to determine the occurrence of certain inorganic and organic constituents and to relate their occurrence to coal mining, indicated that acid mine drainage generally occurred where abandoned drift or abandoned strip mines were located. Streams affected by such mines contained concentrations of dissolved sulfate and iron greater than 250 milligrams per liter and 5,000 micrograms per liter, respectively, and exhibited pH values less than 4.5. Areas characterized by reclaimed or active strip mines showed few instances of acid drainage (pH values were generally greater than 7.0). Iron concentrations in these regions generally were less than 500 micrograms per liter, with dissolved-sulfate concentrations ranging from 22 to 7,100 milligrams per liter.

Phase two was a detailed study of four small basins sampled during the first phase and found to represent different types of mining. The objective was to determine whether water-quality degradation within the basins was due to coal mining. Flows from two basins, one containing abandoned drift mines and the other abandoned strip mines, became increasingly acidic (pH values less than 4.5) downstream, and had high iron and dissolved sulfate concentrations (above 5,000 micrograms per liter and 250 milligrams per liter, respectively). Sources of acidity were tributaries that drained directly from the mines. The other two basins, one containing reclaimed strip mines and the other active strip mines, exhibited no acidic drainage; streams in both basins had pH values greater than 7.0 and iron concentrations below 500 micrograms per liter. Presence of active surface mining seemed to have little effect on dissolved sulfate concentrations, as only streams in the reclaimed basin had high concentrations (usually over 2,000 milligrams per liter).

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Columbus, OH","doi":"10.3133/ofr81409","usgsCitation":"Pfaff, C., Helsel, D., Johnson, D., and Angelo, C., 1981, Assessment of water quality in streams draining coal-producing areas in Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-409, vi, 98 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81409.","productDescription":"vi, 98 p.","numberOfPages":"107","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331342,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0409/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":139549,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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