The submarine topography of lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, is complex because the bathymetric aspects and water depths change rapidly over short distances. The folded upper Tertiary subbottom was eroded during the first of five major Quaternary glacial advances over the inlet, and later fluvial, fluvioglacial, glacial, and marine erosional and depositional processes shaped the bottom to its present configuration.
Most of lower Cook Inlet has a relative smooth topography showing small local highs and lows, and slopes with gradients generally ranging from less than a degree to locally about 5°. Around the southwestern Kenai Peninsula and the Barren and Kodiak Islands, strong faulting with vertical movement has added to the complexity of bottom topography. Less complex, nonfaulted areas occur near Kalgin Island and south Kachemak Bay and around Augustine Island.
To facilitate description of lower Cook Inlet the estuarine body is divided into three large regions, northern and central, southern, and eastern; and these regions are divided into smaller physiographic areas on the basis of submarine topographic characteristics and 20-m depth zonations. Each area is named by combining the geographic name of a nearby place or feature on land with a common term for a marine physiographic feature -- trough, platform, ramp, slope, plateau. Local highs and deeps having lees than 5-m relief, which can be important to fisheries and specific research or economic studies, are not named, mentioned in text, or shown on the figures.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr811335","usgsCitation":"Bouma, A.H., 1981, Submarine topography and physiography of lower Cook Inlet, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1335, ii, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811335.","productDescription":"ii, 28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422761,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1335/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140342,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1335/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"lower Cook Inlet","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.44580121600276,\n 60.11968975500082\n ],\n [\n -154.44580121600276,\n 58.84710120479073\n ],\n [\n -150.82545084483422,\n 58.84710120479073\n ],\n [\n -150.82545084483422,\n 60.11968975500082\n ],\n [\n -154.44580121600276,\n 60.11968975500082\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouma, Arnold H.","contributorId":48172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouma","given":"Arnold","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":59455,"text":"mf1348A - 1981 - Geologic map of the Beaver Creek Wilderness, McCreary County, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-24T16:51:26.969392","indexId":"mf1348A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1348","chapter":"A","title":"Geologic map of the Beaver Creek Wilderness, McCreary County, Kentucky","docAbstract":"The Beaver Creek Wilderness comprises approximately 4,800 acres and is principally within the cliffline bordering the Beaver Creek drainage basin in McCreary County, southeastern Kentucky. It is part of the Beaver Creek Cooperative Wildlife management Area in the Daniel Boone National Forest, which is managed by the U.S. Forest Service and the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources. The wilderness is about 11 mi southeast of Burnside, Ky., and is accessible from thr north and south via U.S. Route 27 and Forest Service Road 50, at its northwest border (fig. 1). From the east the area can be reached via State Route 90 and Forest Service Road 46, at the eastern end of the wilderness. The interiors is accessible by foot along an abandoned Forest Service road and by several primitive trails that extend along the major streams. The Beaver Creek Wilderness is centrally located at the western edge of the Appalachian coal regions and is within the highly dissected Cumberland Plateau section of the Appalachian Plateaus physiographic province (fig. 2). It is drained by Beaver Creek and tributaries, which flow northeastward into Cumberland Lake, a reservoir on the Cumberland River about 1 mi north of the wilderness. Altitudes range from about 730 ft on the lower part of Beaver Creek to about 1,200 ft at its headwaters.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf1348A","usgsCitation":"Englund, K., and Teaford, N.K., 1981, Geologic map of the Beaver Creek Wilderness, McCreary County, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1348, 1 Plate: 22.98 x 30.08 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1348A.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 22.98 x 30.08 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":496034,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_7005.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284426,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1348-A/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":180325,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1348a.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","county":"Mccreary County","otherGeospatial":"Beaver Creek Wilderness","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.5,\n 36.95\n ],\n [\n -84.5,\n 36.833\n ],\n [\n -84.375,\n 36.833\n ],\n [\n -84.375,\n 36.95\n ],\n [\n -84.5,\n 36.95\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5c1ae4b0b290850fa4fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Englund, Kenneth J.","contributorId":105371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Englund","given":"Kenneth J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Teaford, Nancy K.","contributorId":73919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teaford","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":61399,"text":"mf1195 - 1981 - Map showing vegetation distribution in the central part of the East Tintic Mountains, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T10:31:33","indexId":"mf1195","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1195","title":"Map showing vegetation distribution in the central part of the East Tintic Mountains, Utah","docAbstract":"With the development of remote sensing technology has come the capability of defining and mapping plant communities by means of their spectral properties. Such maps will be an important aid in resource evaluation and management, especially in densely vegetated and remote areas of the world.
\nThis study in part of a broader program to determine the usefulness of multispectral scanner aircraft and satellite images for mapping lithologic units and vegetation communities (Rowan and others, 1974; 1977; Abrams and others, 1997; Rowan and Abrams, 1978a; 1978b; Kahle and Rowan, 1979, written commun.).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1195","usgsCitation":"Milton, N., and Madura, D.P., 1981, Map showing vegetation distribution in the central part of the East Tintic Mountains, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1195, 34.68 x 25.43 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1195.","productDescription":"34.68 x 25.43 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1195.PNG"},{"id":327594,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1195/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Tintic Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.11749999999999,39 ], [ -112.11749999999999,40 ], [ -112,40 ], [ -112,39 ], [ -112.11749999999999,39 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0ce4b07f02db69e473","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milton, Nancy","contributorId":85188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milton","given":"Nancy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madura, Daryl P.","contributorId":173056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madura","given":"Daryl","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44143,"text":"ofr81507 - 1981 - Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111° -115° W., Idaho and Wyoming","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":44143,"text":"ofr81507 - 1981 - Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111° -115° W., Idaho and Wyoming","indexId":"ofr81507","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111° -115° W., Idaho and Wyoming"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":67107,"text":"i1372 - 1982 - Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111 to 115 west, Idaho and Wyoming","indexId":"i1372","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111 to 115 west, Idaho and Wyoming"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":67107,"text":"i1372 - 1982 - Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111 to 115 west, Idaho and Wyoming","indexId":"i1372","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111 to 115 west, Idaho and Wyoming"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-14T19:18:40.600202","indexId":"ofr81507","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-507","title":"Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111° -115° W., Idaho and Wyoming","docAbstract":"This map portrays the distribution of surficial materials that cover most of the landscape of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjoining areas in a larger part of southeastern Idaho and a very small area in western Wyoming (fig. 1). Almost 350,000 people or 40 percent of Idaho's (estimating 1979 population from Rand McNally (1979)) live in the area, which constitutes about 30 percent of Idaho's land area.
The great majority of this population resides in the major irrigated agricultural areas along the Snake River between American Falls and Ashton and between Bliss and Lake Walcott, which contain the important and growing commercial centers of Rexberg, Idaho Falls, Blackfoot, Pocatello, Burley-Rupert, Twin Falls, and Jerome. These areas encompass almost two-thirds of Idaho's irrigated croplands, and, along with water, are the region's most important resource. Major products include potatoes, sugar beets, alfalfa, small grains, and other crops.
Along the margins of the Plain and in adjacent basins, smaller areas of irrigated farming and population are present, such as Teton Basin, Mud Lake area, Big and Little Lost River Valleys, Big and Little Wood River Valleys, and Raft River Valley. In several of these basins and in nearby upland areas, dry farming of grains is important. Some of these lands are now being converted to irrigated croplands. Grazing is the dominant economic use of grasslands on the Plain in adjacent basins and uplands. At present, industry assumes a minor role in the region's economy, although food processing and nuclear research at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) locally or important.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81507","usgsCitation":"Scott, W.E., 1981, Surficial geologic map of the eastern Snake River Plain and adjacent areas, 111° -115° W., Idaho and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-507, 2 Plates: 55.58 x 48.43 inches and 40.09 x 47.29 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81507.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 55.58 x 48.43 inches and 40.09 x 47.29 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":398749,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12058.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":398735,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0507/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":398734,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0507/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":134830,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0507/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Plain","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688c61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11558,"text":"ofr81821 - 1981 - Water-quality data for selected stations in the East Everglades, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-09T18:06:08.286706","indexId":"ofr81821","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-821","title":"Water-quality data for selected stations in the East Everglades, Florida","docAbstract":"The results of water-quality samples collected from April 1978 through April 1980 from three canal stations, four marsh stations, and two ground-water stations within the East Everglades, Dade County, Florida, are tabulated in 37 tables. The major categories of parameters analyzed are field measurements, physical characteristics, macronutrients (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus), major ions, trace elements, and algae.
Chemical data for bulk-precipitation stations within and adjacent to the East Everglades are also given. The parameters analyzed include macronutrients, major ions, and trace elements. The period of record for these stations is October 1977 through April 1980.
Bottom material at the canal and marsh stations was collected twice during the investigation. These data include analyses for macronutrients, trace elements, and chlorinated-hydrocarbon insecticides.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81821","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department","usgsCitation":"Waller, B.G., 1981, Water-quality data for selected stations in the East Everglades, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-821, vii, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81821.","productDescription":"vii, 77 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409267,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0821/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0821/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"East Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.199951171875,\n 25.110471486223346\n ],\n [\n -80.364990234375,\n 25.110471486223346\n ],\n [\n -80.364990234375,\n 25.517657429994035\n ],\n [\n -81.199951171875,\n 25.517657429994035\n ],\n [\n -81.199951171875,\n 25.110471486223346\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e59b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waller, Bradley G.","contributorId":83492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26960,"text":"wri8129 - 1981 - Analysis of stream-aquifer system interrelationships in the Big Blue and Little Blue River basins in Gage and Jefferson Counties, Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-08T13:01:49","indexId":"wri8129","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-29","title":"Analysis of stream-aquifer system interrelationships in the Big Blue and Little Blue River basins in Gage and Jefferson Counties, Nebraska","docAbstract":"Seepage measurements made during the fall of 1978 at 21 sites in the Big Blue River basin and at 35 sites in the Little Blue River basin were used to determine stream gains or losses in 20 drainage areas in the Big Blue River basin and 31 drainage areas in the Little Blue River basin. Analyses of data from these seepage measurements and of available hydrogeologic data indicate that the most significant ground-water contributions to streamflow in the Big Blue and Little Blue River drainage basins in Gage and Jefferson Counties, Nebr., occur where a direct hydraulic connection exists between a stream and buried coarse-grained deposits of Quaternary age. These deposits occur in two buried bedrock valleys that trend east-northeasterly across the area.
The largest ground-water contributions to streamflow in the Big Blue River occur in the reaches of the river between the mouth of Mud Creek and the dam at Blue Springs (about 13 cubic feet per second) and between the mouth of Turkey Creek and the Beatrice gaging station (about 22 cubic feet per second). Ground-water contributions to streamflow also occur in two tributaries of the Big Blue River: Bear Creek (4.39 cubic feet per second) and Big Indian Creek (6.23 cubic feet per second). In the Little Blue River basin the largest contributions to streamflow occur between the mouths of Big Sandy and Little Sandy Creeks (about 6.5 cubic feet per second) and in the vicinity of Fairbury (about 16 cubic feet per second). A ground-water contribution to streamflow of about 6.5 cubic feet per second also occurs in Rose Creek, a tributary of the Little Blue River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri8129","usgsCitation":"Ellis, M.J., 1981, Analysis of stream-aquifer system interrelationships in the Big Blue and Little Blue River basins in Gage and Jefferson Counties, Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 81-29, iv, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8129.","productDescription":"iv, 49 p.","numberOfPages":"57","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0029/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":356327,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0029/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Gage County, Jefferson County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-96.4638,40.5227],[-96.4627,40.3502],[-96.4634,40.2626],[-96.4636,40.0026],[-96.4672,40.0026],[-96.8067,40.0022],[-96.9184,40.0023],[-97.0012,40.0025],[-97.3338,40.0034],[-97.3687,40.0035],[-97.3711,40.0035],[-97.3686,40.3514],[-97.254,40.3503],[-96.916,40.3503],[-96.9136,40.3502],[-96.9122,40.5226],[-96.7966,40.5229],[-96.5709,40.5233],[-96.4638,40.5227]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Gage\",\"state\":\"NE\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db6801d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, M. J.","contributorId":27840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11308,"text":"ofr81812 - 1981 - Quality of surface water in the coal-mining areas of western Maryland and adjacent areas of Pennsylvania and West Virginia from April 1979 to June 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-07T22:29:13.498675","indexId":"ofr81812","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-812","title":"Quality of surface water in the coal-mining areas of western Maryland and adjacent areas of Pennsylvania and West Virginia from April 1979 to June 1980","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey is studying the water quality of streams within the Eastern Coal Province. This report contains streamflow, water-quality, and biologic data collected in the North Branch Potomac River basin and in the Maryland portion of the Youghiogheny and Casselman River basins. Data collected from 64 streams from April 1979 to June 1980 are presented in tables. Other sources of hydrologic information within the study area are also described in the report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81812","usgsCitation":"Staubitz, W., 1981, Quality of surface water in the coal-mining areas of western Maryland and adjacent areas of Pennsylvania and West Virginia from April 1979 to June 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-812, iv, 103 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81812.","productDescription":"iv, 103 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0812/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":409212,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0812/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n -80.28969170041603,\n 41.89312615647518\n ],\n [\n -82.50936322022069,\n 38.306922117041694\n ],\n [\n -81.87319966505842,\n 37.311317980188036\n ],\n [\n -80.48521218516676,\n 37.32781296260528\n ],\n [\n -78.30298308186588,\n 39.16876312477416\n ],\n [\n -76.40776015918033,\n 38.18999381427713\n ],\n [\n -75.87887149040306,\n 39.99967118674675\n ],\n [\n -75.08277036724041,\n 40.35794926140315\n ],\n [\n -74.96065268678905,\n 41.64102498519725\n ],\n [\n -75.35936924857612,\n 42.27100674103562\n ],\n [\n -79.90219360799962,\n 42.118902705558185\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"LineString\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8ee4b07f02db654904","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staubitz, W. W.","contributorId":73209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staubitz","given":"W. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7559,"text":"ofr81749 - 1981 - Summary report on the regional geology, environmental considerations for development, petroleum potential, and estimates of undiscovered recoverable oil and gas resources of the United States southeastern Atlantic continental margin in the area of proposed oil and gas lease sale No. 78","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T16:56:36","indexId":"ofr81749","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-749","title":"Summary report on the regional geology, environmental considerations for development, petroleum potential, and estimates of undiscovered recoverable oil and gas resources of the United States southeastern Atlantic continental margin in the area of proposed oil and gas lease sale No. 78","docAbstract":"This report summarizes our general knowledge of the geology and petroleum potential, as well as potential problems and hazards associated with development of petroleum resources, of the area proposed for nominations for lease sale number 78. This area includes the U.S. eastern continental margin from the mouth of Chesapeake Bay to approximately Cape Canaveral, Florida, including the upper Continental Slope and inner Blake Plateau. The area for possible sales and the previous areas leased are shown in figure 1; physiographic features of the region are shown in figure 2.
Six exploration wells have been drilled within the proposed lease area (figs. 3 and 4) but no commercial discoveries have been made. All six wells were drilled on the Continental Shelf in the Southeast Georgia Embayment. No commercial production has been obtained onshore in the region. The areas already drilled have thin sedimentary sections, and the deeper rocks are dominantly continental facies. Petroleum formation may have been hindered by a lack of organic material and sufficient burial for thermal maturation. Analysis of drill and seismic profiling data presented here, however, indicates that a much thicker sedimentary rock section containing a much higher proportion of marine deposits exists seaward of the exploratory wells on the Continental Shelf. These geologic conditions imply that the offshore basins may be more favorable environments for generating petroleum.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81749","usgsCitation":"Dillon, W.P., 1981, Summary report on the regional geology, environmental considerations for development, petroleum potential, and estimates of undiscovered recoverable oil and gas resources of the United States southeastern Atlantic continental margin in the area of proposed oil and gas lease sale No. 78: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-749, ii, 115 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81749.","productDescription":"ii, 115 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140790,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0749/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35019,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0749/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.09 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698744","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dillon, William P. bdillon@usgs.gov","contributorId":79820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"William","email":"bdillon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":156119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":37025,"text":"naf73 - 1981 - Birds of the St. Croix River valley: Minnesota and Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-20T11:02:32","indexId":"naf73","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":58,"text":"North American Fauna","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"73","title":"Birds of the St. Croix River valley: Minnesota and Wisconsin","docAbstract":"The St. Croix River Valley encompasses nearly 11,550 km2 in east-central Minnesota and northwestern Wisconsin. A wide range of habitats are available for birds including upland oak, lowland deciduous, maple-basswood, lowland and upland coniferous forests, natural basin wetlands, and grasslands. Situated in the north-central region of the United States, the valley is a biological 'crossroads' for many species. Because of the mixed affinities of plant communities, the valley includes the northern and southern range limits for a number of species. Also, because the valley lies near the forest-prairie transition zone, many typical western breeding species (e.g. pintail, western meadowlark, yellow-headed blackbird) breed in proximity to typical eastern species such as tufted titmouse, eastern meadowlark, and cardinal. \r\nFrom 1966 to 1980, I conducted extensive surveys of avian distribution and abundance in the St. Croix River Valley. I have supplemented the results of these surveys with published and unpublished observations contributed by many ornithologists. These additional data include compilations from Christmas Bird Counts sponsored by the National Audubon Society and from the Breeding Bird Survey coordinated by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Three hundred fourteen species have been recorded in the study area; data are presented on the migration period, nesting season distribution, winter distribution, relative abundance, and habitat use of each species. \r\n\r\nRecognizing the uniqueness of the area, and its importance not only to wildlife but also to man, the U.S. Congress designated the St. Croix a National Scenic Riverway. This action provided a considerable degree of protection to lands along and directly adjacent to the river. Unfortunately, no similar legal measure exists to protect lands away from the river. With the exception of the northern quarter of the St. Croix River Valley, agricultural interests have made significant inroads into the habitat base. The continuing expansion of the nearby Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan region has degraded or destroyed many woodlots, upland fields, and wetlands. In numerous instances, degradation of natural habitats has influenced the abundance and distribution of bird species. Because of these changes, both the Federal government and State Departments of Natural Resources have listed several species in various categories based on their current status. In the St. Croix River Valley, seven species are endangered, eight are threatened, and 29 are watch or priority status in either or both states. Data presented in this report are of value to land managers, land use specialists, and ornithologists, in assessing current and projected habitat alterations on the avifauna of this valley. \r\n\r\nThe St. Croix River bisects a large region of western Wisconsin and east central Minnesota that exhibits a wide range of habitat types. This region supports not only birds, but many mammals, fishes, reptiles and amphibians, and several thousand species of vascular and nonvascular plants. The river itself is relatively clean through most of its course, and its natural flow is interrupted by only two small dams. \r\n\r\nBecause the river lies within a 1-day drive of nearly 10 million people (Waters 1977), use of the area for recreational purposes is extremely heavy. Recreational pursuits include sunbathing, boating, and wild river kayaking in the summer, and ice fishing and cross-country skiing in the winter. The large number of unique and highly fragile habitats that exist there may never be compatible with the uses and abuses of the land that go with expanding human populations. \r\n\r\nThrough the efforts of a number of citizens concerned with the quality of their environment and the foresightedness of several local, State, and Federal legislators, a portion of the upper St. Croix River Valley (hereafter termed 'the Valley') was established as a National Wild and Scenic River. Through establishment of t","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/nafa.73.0001","usgsCitation":"Faanes, C.A., 1981, Birds of the St. Croix River valley: Minnesota and Wisconsin: North American Fauna 73, 196 p., https://doi.org/10.3996/nafa.73.0001.","productDescription":"196 p.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480562,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700971/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":165088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.80975341796875,\n 45.77901739936284\n ],\n [\n -92.43072509765625,\n 45.77901739936284\n ],\n [\n -92.43072509765625,\n 46.042735653846506\n ],\n [\n -92.80975341796875,\n 46.042735653846506\n ],\n [\n -92.80975341796875,\n 45.77901739936284\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ae4b07f02db61207d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faanes, Craig A.","contributorId":72433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faanes","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":217376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":58926,"text":"mf1271C - 1981 - Maps showing mines, quarries, prospects, and exposures in the Cheat Mountain Roadless Area, Randolph County, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T09:46:36","indexId":"mf1271C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1271","chapter":"C","title":"Maps showing mines, quarries, prospects, and exposures in the Cheat Mountain Roadless Area, Randolph County, West Virginia","docAbstract":"The Wilderness Act (Public Law 88-577, September 3, 1964) and related acts require the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines to survey certain areas on Federal lands to determine their mineral resource potential. Results must be made available to the public and be submitted to the President and the Congress. This report presents the results of a mineral survey of the Cheat Mountain Roadless Area in the Monongahela National Forest, Randolph County, West Virginia. The area was designated as a further planning area during the Second Roadless Area Review and Evaluation (RARE II) by the U.S. Forest Service, January 1979.
\nThe Cheat Mountain Roadless Area is in the Greenbrier Ranger District of the Monongahela National Forest, east-central West Virginia. It is located in Randolph County about 10 mi southeast of Elkins, W.Va., and is accessible there via U.S. 219-250 to Beverly, W.Va., and then southeastward along an improved country road. From the east, the study area can be reached via U.S. 33 and by a paved country road that extends from Alpena, W.Va. to the village of Bemis. Unimproved Forest service roads, abandoned logging railroad grades, and primitive trails provide access by foot or horseback into the interior of the study area.
\nPhysiographically, the Cheat Mountain Roadless Area is in the Allegheny Mountain section of the Appalachian Plateaus province and is situated at the eastern edge of the Appalachian coal region. Cheat Mountain, a northeast-trending ridge, is bordered on the west by the right fork of Files Creek and on the east by Shavers Fork and its tributaries. Most of the area occupies an elevated plateau capped by resistant sandstone and conglomerate. Altitudes range form 2,320 ft on Lime Kiln Run to more than 3,900 ft on Cheat Mountain. The topography ranges from relatively flat in the uplands to very steep in the canyons along tributaries of Shavers Fork. The area is heavily forested with vegetation varying from mixed hardwoods on the western slope of Cheat Mountain to thickets of conifers in the uplands. Hemlocks are sparsely interspersed and red spruce, the dominant tree at higher elevations prior to logging in the mid 1920's, is again reforesting upland areas. Rhododendron and laurel flourish in moist protected areas along drainage courses and in coves.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf1271C","usgsCitation":"Behum, P.T., and Hammack, R.W., 1981, Maps showing mines, quarries, prospects, and exposures in the Cheat Mountain Roadless Area, Randolph County, West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1271, 32.93 x 39.62 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1271C.","productDescription":"32.93 x 39.62 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183725,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1271C.PNG"},{"id":327160,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1271-C/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","county":"Randolph County","otherGeospatial":"Cheat Mountain Roadless Area, Monongahela National Forest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.86749999999999,38.700833333333335 ], [ -79.86749999999999,38.8675 ], [ -79.70083333333334,38.8675 ], [ -79.70083333333334,38.700833333333335 ], [ -79.86749999999999,38.700833333333335 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Behum, Paul T.","contributorId":86894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behum","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammack, Richard W.","contributorId":150019,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hammack","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17887,"text":"National Energy Technology Laboratory, Department of Energy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":261106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":68690,"text":"ha650 - 1981 - Geologic structure, hydrology, and water quality of the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer in the Denver basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-25T20:15:42.86453","indexId":"ha650","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"650","title":"Geologic structure, hydrology, and water quality of the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer in the Denver basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Denver ground-water basin underlies a 6,700-square-mile area extending from Greeley in the north to Colorado Springs in the south, and from the Front Range in the west to near Limon in the east. The four major bedrock aquifers that occur in the basin are the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer (the deepest aquifer), the Arapahoe aquifer, the Denver aquifer, and the Dawson aquifer (the uppermost aquifer). The Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer, which is the subject of this report, underlies the entire area of the basin in east-central Colorado (index map, fig. 1) and is an important source of water for residents in the northern Denver suburban area and in the rural areas of eastern Jefferson, Arapahoe, and Elbert Counties, Adams County, and southern Weld and El Paso Counties. About 90 percent of the estimated 1,700 wells completed in the aquifer supply water to residents and livestock. The remaining wells supply water for commercial and industrial use and limited irrigation of commercial crops.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha650","usgsCitation":"Robson, S.G., 1981, Geologic structure, hydrology, and water quality of the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer in the Denver basin, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 650, 3 Plates: 34.74 x 40.63 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha650.","productDescription":"3 Plates: 34.74 x 40.63 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":90408,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/650/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":405625,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16050.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":187920,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":90409,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/650/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":90410,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/650/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Denver basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.257,\n 38.661\n ],\n [\n -103.603,\n 38.661\n ],\n [\n -103.603,\n 40.425\n ],\n [\n -105.257,\n 40.425\n ],\n [\n -105.257,\n 38.661\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688117","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robson, Stanley G.","contributorId":73187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robson","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":47060,"text":"ofr81870 - 1981 - Geologic map and coal sections of the Pearl School quadrangle and the easternmost part of the Bar V Ranch quadrangle, Big Horn County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-14T19:23:20.718351","indexId":"ofr81870","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-870","title":"Geologic map and coal sections of the Pearl School quadrangle and the easternmost part of the Bar V Ranch quadrangle, Big Horn County, Montana","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81870","usgsCitation":"Galyardt, G.L., and Murray, F.N., 1981, Geologic map and coal sections of the Pearl School quadrangle and the easternmost part of the Bar V Ranch quadrangle, Big Horn County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-870, Report: 8 p.; 3 Plates: 36.15 × 52.94 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81870.","productDescription":"Report: 8 p.; 3 Plates: 36.15 × 52.94 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108185,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12192.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"12192"},{"id":84037,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0870/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84036,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0870/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84035,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0870/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":170625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0870/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":84038,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0870/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Big Horn County","otherGeospatial":"Bar V Ranch quadrangle, Pearl School quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.002,\n 45.00\n ],\n [\n -106.875,\n 45.00\n ],\n [\n -106.875,\n 45.125\n ],\n [\n -107.002,\n 45.125\n ],\n [\n -107.002,\n 45.00\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4ee1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galyardt, Gary L.","contributorId":59505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galyardt","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murray, F. N.","contributorId":30679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7319,"text":"ofr81554 - 1981 - Mid-range sidescan-sonar images covering parts of proposed tracts for OCS lease sale 56 and contiguous areas, Manteo, Cape Fear, and adjacent quadrangles off North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-21T10:45:45","indexId":"ofr81554","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-554","title":"Mid-range sidescan-sonar images covering parts of proposed tracts for OCS lease sale 56 and contiguous areas, Manteo, Cape Fear, and adjacent quadrangles off North Carolina","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory (LDGO), collected 335 km of mid-range sidescan-sonar data in some of the tracts proposed for inclusion in Federal OCS (Outer Continental Shelf) Oil and Gas Lease Sale 56 and in some contiguous areas (R.V. GYRE, September 18-25, 1980 [GYRE 80-9, leg 1]). The data were collected by use of the Sea Mark I mid-range sidescan-sonar system designed by International Submarine Technology, Ltd. (IST). This system surveys a swath having a width of approximately 2-1/2 km on each side of the deep-towed fish. Transducers were towed about 300 m above the bottom on a neutrally bouyant vehicle at a speed of 1-1/2 to 2 knots. Transducers were pulsed at 4-second intervals at a frequency of 27 kHz on one side and 30 kHz on the other. Data recorded on seven EPC recorders aboard ship included slant-range corrected port channel, starboard channel, and port and starboard channels; uncorrected port channel, starboard channel, and port and starboard channels, and a 3.5-kHz tuned-transducer record of the bottom. Fish height or the altitude above the bottom was recorded on a strip-chart recorder. Distance of the fish from the ship (slant range) was recorded by use of a sled-mounted 4.5-kHz transducer.
Data recorded on sonograms lagged the 3.5-kHz tuned-transducer record and ship navigational fix by as much as 1 hour (2 km) owing to tow-cable length (up to 5 km). Navigation of the ship was by Loran-C at a 5-minute fix interval, supplemented by satellite fixes.
Data are of excellent quality and bottom features several meters high and about 6-12 m wide can be identified. Figures 1 and 2 show the location of track lines in the Manteo (NI 18-2) quadrangle just east of Cape Hatteras where the upper slope within proposed lease tract areas was surveyed. Figures 3 and 4 show track lines in the Cape Fear (NI 18-7) and contiguous quadrangles where data were recorded over the outer Blake Plateau, the Continental Slope, and the upper Continental Rise.
The original records may be examined at the U.S. Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543. Microfilm copies of the data are available for purchase only from the National Geophysical and Solar-Terrestrial Data c,nt er, NOAA/EDIS/NGSDC, Code D621, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 (303-497-6338).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr81554","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management and the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory","usgsCitation":"Popenoe, P., Cashman, K.V., Chayes, D., and Ryan, W., 1981, Mid-range sidescan-sonar images covering parts of proposed tracts for OCS lease sale 56 and contiguous areas, Manteo, Cape Fear, and adjacent quadrangles off North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-554, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81554.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":140511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259861,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0554/ofr1981554.pdf","text":"Report","size":"139 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 1980-554"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.45,32.75 ], [ -76.45,35.75 ], [ -74.6,35.75 ], [ -74.6,32.75 ], [ -76.45,32.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program
U.S. Geological Survey
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Water-resources investigations in Texas consist of the collection of basic records through the hydrologic-data network, interpretive studies, and research projects. The hydrologic records and the results of investigations are published by the Geological Survey or by cooperating agencies. This report describes the water-resources projects and activities of the Geological Survey in Texas for the 1981 fiscal year (October 1, 1980 to September 30, 1981).
The Geological Survey's investigations of the water resources of Texas are under the general direction of Jack Rawson, Acting District Chief. The Texas District office is in the Federal Building, 300 East Eighth Street, Austin, Texas 78701.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81347","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, A.A., and Buckner, H., 1981, Water-resources investigations of the USGS in Texas, fiscal year 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-347, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81347.","productDescription":"44 p.","numberOfPages":"47","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":140092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0347/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":343678,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0347/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b6e4b07f02db533c12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, Alicia A.","contributorId":97897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Alicia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buckner, H.D.","contributorId":49783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckner","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7757,"text":"ofr81421 - 1981 - Background hydrologic information in potential lignite mining areas in Mississippi, August 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-04T17:29:59.898863","indexId":"ofr81421","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-421","title":"Background hydrologic information in potential lignite mining areas in Mississippi, August 1980","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with Mississippi Bureau of Geology is conducting a hydrologic data-collection program in the potential lignite-producing areas in Mississippi. During the week of August 25-28, 1980, hydrologic data on channel characteristics were collected at 15 sites on small streams draining potential lignite mining areas in east-central Mississippi. Streamflow measurements were made and water-quality samples were collected at 11 of the 15 sites.
Main channel widths at the 15 sampling sites in east-central Mississippi ranged from 126 feet on Sucarnoochee Creek to 15 feet on Houston Creek. Maximum water depth ranged from 7 feet on Pawticfaw Creek and Tallahatta Creek to one-half foot on Okatibbee Creek. The maximum stream discharge measured was 56 cubic feet per second on Pawticfaw Creek. Four sites had no discharge. Specific conductance at sampling sites ranged from 115 micromhos on Ponta Creek to 26 micromhos on Sucarnoochee Creek. The dissolved-oxygen concentration was 5.7 milligrams per liter or higher at all sites. The concentration of suspended sediment was not greater than 38 milligrams per liter at any site. Concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, and sulfate were less than 10 milligrams per liter in all samples, but were highest at site 10 on Ponta Creek. Bottom-material samples commonly contained iron, manganese, and zinc.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81421","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Mississippi Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Geology","usgsCitation":"Arthur, J.K., 1981, Background hydrologic information in potential lignite mining areas in Mississippi, August 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-421, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81421.","productDescription":"19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409171,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0421/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0421/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db69794b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arthur, J. K.","contributorId":56223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arthur","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":8024,"text":"ofr81924 - 1981 - Records of water levels in unconsolidated deposits in eastern South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-16T19:32:04.127941","indexId":"ofr81924","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-924","title":"Records of water levels in unconsolidated deposits in eastern South Dakota","docAbstract":"This report, prepared in cooperation with the South Dakota Department of Water and Natural Resources and the South Dakota Geological Survey, contains a tabulation of water levels measured by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and State agencies.
Wells owned by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) were measured as part of the Oahe Irrigation Project. Wells owned by the South Dakota Department of Water and Natural Resources, Water Rights Division (SDWR) were measured as part of a special program to monitor water levels in aquifers after a county study was completed, and contains measurements made by both USGS and by the SDWR.
Water-level measurements that were made by the USGS were made with a weighted steel tape and are reported to the nearest .01 foot. Measurements made by SDWR were made with a cloth tape and popper and are reported to the nearest 0.1 foot. Measurements that are reported each fifth day were taken from a recorder chart and are the water levels at noon on that day. Data from digital recorders are reported daily and are the water levels at noon. All water-level data are given in feet below land surface datum. For readers who may prefer to use metric units rather than inch-pound units, the term feet may be converted to meters by multiplying by 0.3048.
The data in this report are presented alphabetically by county and within counties by ascending local well number. Information about each well is contained in table 1 preceeding the water-level measurements (table 2). The short name or number above the altitude in table 2 is used as an easy office reference or in the case of wells owned by SDWR, it is their well identification number.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81924","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Dakota Department of Water and Natural Resources and the South Dakota Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Bradford, W.L., 1981, Records of water levels in unconsolidated deposits in eastern South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-924, ii, 253 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81924.","productDescription":"ii, 253 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0924/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":409393,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0924/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South 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discharge to the Smoky Hill River between Salina and Abilene, central Kansas","docAbstract":"Saline water discharges from the alluvial aquifer into the Smoky Hill and Solomon Rivers between New Cambria and Sand Springs, Kansas. During relatively stable base flow in 1976-77, the discharge was about 32 cubic feet per second. Chloride concentrations at base flow increased about 800 milligrams per liter in the Smoky Hill River and 550 milligrams per liter in the Solomon River.
The source of the saline water is the underlying Wellington aquifer, a zone of dissolution, subsidence, and collapse along the eastern margin of the Wellington Formation. Locally, brine from the aquifer moves upward through collapse structures in the confining layer at the base of the alluvium. The brine discharge ranges from 0.3 to 0.8 cubic foot per second, and the chloride load ranges from 150 to 370 tons per day.
Results from a mathematical model of the fl ow system indicated that recharge from periodic flooding, as in 1973, was sufficient to reverse the normal (197677) hydraulic gradient between aquifers. Although brine discharge was temporarily reduced, saline-water discharge to the rivers increased.
The discharge of brine could be intercepted by pumping wells completed in the Wellington aquifer to lower the potentiometric head and reduce upward flow. The intercepted brine could be discharged into formations underlying the area at depth or piped to a storage reservoir from which the brine would be evaporated or released to the rivers during peak flows. Also, the freshwater in upstream base flow could be diverted by canal, and the saline-water discharge could be retained by low-head dams in the river channel for release during peak flows.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri8143","usgsCitation":"Gillespie, J.B., and Hargadine, G.D., 1981, Saline ground-water discharge to the Smoky Hill River between Salina and Abilene, central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 81-43, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8143.","productDescription":"71 p.","numberOfPages":"75","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356337,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0043/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0043/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","city":"Abilene, Salina","otherGeospatial":"Smoky Hill River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.64305114746094,\n 38.66889221556877\n ],\n [\n -97.086181640625,\n 38.66889221556877\n ],\n [\n -97.086181640625,\n 39.02825225286664\n ],\n [\n -97.64305114746094,\n 39.02825225286664\n ],\n [\n -97.64305114746094,\n 38.66889221556877\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fe07c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gillespie, Joe B.","contributorId":21194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillespie","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hargadine, Gerald D.","contributorId":27499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hargadine","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":8673,"text":"ofr8162 - 1981 - Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer, east-central Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-04T20:45:55.440454","indexId":"ofr8162","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-62","title":"Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer, east-central Oklahoma","docAbstract":"The Vamoosa-Ada aquifer, which underlies an area of about 2,320 square miles, consists principally of the Vamoosa Formation and the overlying Ada Group of Pennsylvanian age. Rocks comprising the aquifer were deposited in a near-shore environment ranging from marine on the west to nonmarine to the east. Because of changes in depositional environments with time and from place to place, the aquifer is a complex sequence of fine to very fine grained sandstone, siltstone, shale, and conglomerate, with interbedded very thin limestone. Aggregate thicknesses of water-bearing sandstones are greatest south of the Cimarron River where they reach a maximum of 550 feet in the vicinity of Seminole. North of the Cimarron River, the average aggregate thickness of the sandstones is about 100 feet but locally it may be as much as 200 feet.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8162","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oklahoma Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"D’Lugosz, J.J., McClaflin, R.G., and Marcher, M.V., 1981, Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer, east-central Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-62, Report: 63 p.; 7 Plates: 36.04 x 35.55 inches or smaller; 1 Table: 13.37 x 8.23 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8162.","productDescription":"Report: 63 p.; 7 Plates: 36.04 x 35.55 inches or smaller; 1 Table: 13.37 x 8.23 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":427421,"rank":10,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427420,"rank":9,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427419,"rank":8,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427418,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427417,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427416,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427415,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/figure-9.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427414,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":427413,"rank":2,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0062/tables.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142844,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"east-central Oklahoma","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.46936475290693,\n 36.97241036934163\n ],\n [\n -97.46936475290693,\n 33.94564890146998\n ],\n [\n -96.04383011001335,\n 33.94564890146998\n ],\n [\n -96.04383011001335,\n 36.97241036934163\n ],\n [\n -97.46936475290693,\n 36.97241036934163\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a88a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Lugosz, Joseph J.","contributorId":71172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Lugosz","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClaflin, Roger G.","contributorId":50157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClaflin","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marcher, Melvin V.","contributorId":11590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcher","given":"Melvin","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":8986,"text":"ofr81802 - 1981 - Hydrologic data of the Shawsheen River basin, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-07T22:24:24.366486","indexId":"ofr81802","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-802","title":"Hydrologic data of the Shawsheen River basin, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The Shawsheen River basin drains a 77-square-mile area northwest of metropolitan Boston in eastern Massachusetts and discharges into the Merrimack River. Principal tributaries to the Shawsheen River are: Content, Elm, Heath, Hussey, Kiln, Rogers, Spring, Strong Water, Vine, and Webb Brooks.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81802","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Water Resouces Commission","usgsCitation":"Gay, F.B., and Delaney, D.F., 1981, Hydrologic data of the Shawsheen River basin, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-802, Report: iii, 22 p.; 1 Plate: 23.73 x 37.74 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81802.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 22 p.; 1 Plate: 23.73 x 37.74 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409207,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0802/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":409206,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0802/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0802/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"48000","datum":"National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929","country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Shawsheen River basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.5,42.1175 ], [ -71.5,42.75 ], [ -71,42.75 ], [ -71,42.1175 ], [ -71.5,42.1175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db6074ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gay, Frederick B.","contributorId":102052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delaney, David F.","contributorId":41797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delaney","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":27261,"text":"U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaig","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":158666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25857,"text":"wri8111 - 1981 - Water-resources information for the Withlacoochee River region, west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-04T18:10:43.464809","indexId":"wri8111","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-11","title":"Water-resources information for the Withlacoochee River region, west-central Florida","docAbstract":"Daily water use in the Withlacoochee River region in 1977 averaged about 2,005 million gallons per day, 94 percent of which was saline surface water used in thermoelectric power-generation cooling. Industrial and irrigation uses required 73 percent of the freshwater. The largest user of freshwater was Hernando County, using 43.0 million gallons per day.
The ground-water system is comprised of up to three different aquifers--the surficial, the secondary artesian, and the Floridan. Little is known about the surficial and secondary artesian aquifers.
The Floridan aquifer consists mostly of limestones and dolomites, and is as much as 1,500 feet thick. Transmissivities are known to be as high as 25 million feet squared per day. Yields of 2,000 gallons per minute from 12-inch wells are possible. Although the range in fluctuations of the potentiometric surface is as great as 20 feet, no significant change has occurred since the 1930's when data were first collected.
The quality of water within the Floridan aquifer is generally excellent except near the Gulf Coast and in extreme east Marion County, near the St. Johns River where saltwater is present in the aquifer. Iron and hydrogen sulfide are sometimes a problem, but they can usually be con-trolled by proper well design and aeration of the water. Concentrations of sulfate do not exceed 250 milligrams per liter in the study area, and only in a small part of the area do dissolved-solids concentrations exceed 250 milligrams per liter.
Summaries were compiled of more than 1,000 wells, 43 continuous-record gaging stations, 21 lakes, and 46 springs. The predominant chemical type for both streams and springs is calcium and magnesium bicarbonate due to the dissolution process of the carbonate rocks. Along the coastal areas and near the St. Johns River, water is commonly of the sodium chloride type. The majority of the streams have average dissolved-solids concentrations between 100 and 200 milligrams per liter, maximum-observed specific conductance between 250 and 750 micro-mhos per centimeter, and average total nitrogen concentrations of less than 1.2 milligrams per liter.
Data for six lakes showed that the range of stage between the 90 and 10 percent exceedance stages is as great as 4.5 feet and as small as 2.2 feet. Little water-quality data for lakes are available, especially for the important constituents such as biochemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total carbon.
Flow-duration data for springs show small ranges in discharge. The differences between the 10 and 90 percent exceedance discharges are 350 cubic feet per second for Silver Springs and 280 cubic feet per second for Rainbow Springs, the two largest springs in the area. Water quality of the springs is relatively constant with time because of the water's long residence time within the carbonate rocks.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri8111","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Miller, R.A., Anderson, W., Navoy, A.S., Smoot, J.L., and Belles, R.G., 1981, Water-resources information for the Withlacoochee River region, west-central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 81-11, xi, 130 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8111.","productDescription":"xi, 130 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":380157,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0011/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158287,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0011/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Withlacoochee River region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.5894775390625,\n 28.434883464940082\n ],\n [\n -81.54052734375,\n 28.434883464940082\n ],\n [\n -81.54052734375,\n 29.82158272057499\n ],\n [\n -83.5894775390625,\n 29.82158272057499\n ],\n [\n -83.5894775390625,\n 28.434883464940082\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9d16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Robert A.","contributorId":52938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Warren","contributorId":7712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Warren","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Navoy, Anthony S. anavoy@usgs.gov","contributorId":2464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Navoy","given":"Anthony","email":"anavoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":195365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smoot, James L.","contributorId":13605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Belles, Roger G.","contributorId":6423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belles","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":38159,"text":"ofr81423 - 1981 - Hydrology of Area 33, eastern region, Interior Coal Province, Indiana and Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-03T11:54:45.501973","indexId":"ofr81423","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-423","title":"Hydrology of Area 33, eastern region, Interior Coal Province, Indiana and Kentucky","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81423","usgsCitation":"Wangsness, D.J., 1981, Hydrology of Area 33, eastern region, Interior Coal Province, Indiana and Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-423, v, 149 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81423.","productDescription":"v, 149 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":97383,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0423/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":165692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0423/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":388818,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12032.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Kentucky","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.7060,\n 37.3230\n ],\n [\n -86.3230,\n 37.3230\n ],\n [\n -86.3230,\n 38.3640\n ],\n [\n -87.7060,\n 38.3640\n ],\n [\n -87.7060,\n 37.3230\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db602059","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wangsness, David J.","contributorId":81475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wangsness","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":60018,"text":"mf1290B - 1981 - Geochemical survey of Shining Rock Wilderness, Heywood County, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-25T10:00:17","indexId":"mf1290B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1290","chapter":"B","title":"Geochemical survey of Shining Rock Wilderness, Heywood County, North Carolina","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) made a reconnaissance geochemical survey of the Shining Rock Wilderness (fig. 1) to test for unidentified or unexposed mineral deposits that might be recognized by their geochemical halos. Similar geochemical survey based on trace-element analyses have been credited with the discovery of many types of mineral deposits (Hawkes and Webb, 1962). Although no metallic mineral deposits are known in the study area, the same sequence of rocks that is exposed there contains small deposits of copper-bearing sulfides 10-18 mi (16-28 km) west and southwest of the wilderness (Gair and Slack, 1979). Keith (1907, p. 8) reports minor amounts of copper sulfides and iron sulfides in schist and in quartz veins cutting schist near Retreat, 4 mi (6.5 km) northwest of the wilderness. An old gold mine, the Boylston mine, on Forge Mountain 10 mi (16 km) east of the wilderness (Nitze and Hanna, 1896, p. 181-191) is in metasedimentary rocks of the Great Smoky Group (Hadley and Nelson, 1971) which are probably younger than the rocks exposed in the wilderness.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf1290B","usgsCitation":"Lesure, F.G., 1981, Geochemical survey of Shining Rock Wilderness, Heywood County, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1290, 42.00 x 55.52 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1290B.","productDescription":"42.00 x 55.52 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":358787,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1290-B/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":180348,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1290-B/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Haywood County","otherGeospatial":"Shining Rock Wilderness","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.91666666666667,\n 35.333333333333336\n ],\n [\n -82.91666666666667,\n 35.416666666666664\n ],\n [\n -82.78416666666666,\n 35.416666666666664\n ],\n [\n -82.78416666666666,\n 35.333333333333336\n ],\n [\n -82.91666666666667,\n 35.333333333333336\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abb31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lesure, Frank G.","contributorId":20068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesure","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10608,"text":"ofr81545 - 1981 - Time-of-travel study in the Sebasticook River basin, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-25T19:29:06.079889","indexId":"ofr81545","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-545","title":"Time-of-travel study in the Sebasticook River basin, Maine","docAbstract":"Time of travel was determined for four reaches of the Sebasticook River, two on the East Branch Sebasticook River, and two on the main stem of the Sebasticook River. Reach A included 7.8 miles of the East Branch Sebasticook River from Dexter to Corinna, Maine. Reach B included 8 miles of the East Branch Sebasticook River from Newport to its mouth, and 1 mile of the Sebasticook River to Peltoma bridge near Pittsfield, Maine. Reach C included 3.5 miles of the Sebasticook River from Hartland to West Palmyra, Maine. Reach D included 31.4 miles of the Sebasticook River from Pittsfield to Winslow, Maine. Using a 20-percent solution of rhodamine WT fluorescent dye, three dye-tracer type time-of-travel study runs were made in each reach. Water samples were collected at 10 sites in the study area. The samples were then analyzed for dye concentrations.
Time-of-travel data for each subreach are depicted in a series of illustrations and summarized in tabular form. Examples are given to illustrate use of the data presented.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81545","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Maine Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Parker, G.W., 1981, Time-of-travel study in the Sebasticook River basin, Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-545, Report: vi, 17 p.; Appendixes: A-C, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81545.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 17 p.; Appendixes: A-C","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0545/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":427065,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0545/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Sebasticook River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.33766500023974,\n 45.042811639545846\n ],\n [\n -69.33766500023974,\n 44.887473237000506\n ],\n [\n -69.20587080375181,\n 44.887473237000506\n ],\n [\n -69.20587080375181,\n 45.042811639545846\n ],\n [\n -69.33766500023974,\n 45.042811639545846\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b565","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parker, Gene W. gwparker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Gene","email":"gwparker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":161672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}