Afforestation is often viewed as the purposeful planting of trees in historically nonforested grasslands, but an unintended consequence is woody encroachment, which should be considered part of the afforestation process. In North America's temperate grassland biome, Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) is a native species used in tree plantings that aggressively invades in the absence of controlling processes. Cedar is a well-studied woody encroacher, but little is known about the degree to which cedar windbreaks, which are advocated for in agroforestry programs, are contributing to woody encroachment, what factors are associated with cedar spread from windbreaks, nor where encroachment from windbreaks is occurring in contemporary social–ecological landscapes. We used remotely sensed imagery to identify the presence and pattern of woody encroachment from windbreaks in the Nebraska Sandhills. We used multimodel inference to compare three classes of models representing three hypotheses about factors that could influence cedar spread: (a) windbreak models based on windbreak structure and design elements; (b) abiotic models focused on local environmental conditions; and (c) landscape models characterizing coupled human-natural features within the broader matrix. Woody encroachment was evident for 23% of sampled windbreaks in the Nebraska Sandhills. Of our candidate models, our inclusive landscape model carried 92% of the model weight. This model indicated that encroachment from windbreaks was more likely near roadways and less likely near farmsteads, other cedar plantings, and waterbodies, highlighting strong social ties to the distribution of woody encroachment from tree plantings across contemporary landscapes. Our model findings indicate where additional investments into cedar control can be prioritized to prevent cedar spread from windbreaks. This approach can serve as a model in other temperate regions to identify where woody encroachment resulting from temperate agroforestry programs is emerging.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.4340","usgsCitation":"Donvan, V., Burnett, J., Bielski, C., Birge, H., Bevans, R., Twidwell, D., and Allen, C.R., 2018, Social–ecological landscape patterns predict woody encroachment from native tree plantings in a temperate grassland: Ecology and Evolution, v. 8, no. 19, p. 9624-9632, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4340.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"9624","endPage":"9632","ipdsId":"IP-099576","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4340","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":481931,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.80956986796139,\n 42.910635718325125\n ],\n [\n -102.80956986796139,\n 41.083881420357784\n ],\n [\n -97.90830588361806,\n 41.083881420357784\n ],\n [\n -97.90830588361806,\n 42.910635718325125\n ],\n [\n -102.80956986796139,\n 42.910635718325125\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donvan, V.M.","contributorId":350764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donvan","given":"V.M.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burnett, J.L.","contributorId":189790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burnett","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":926949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bielski, C.H.","contributorId":273150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bielski","given":"C.H.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Birge, H.E.","contributorId":350765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birge","given":"H.E.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bevans, R.","contributorId":350766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bevans","given":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Twidwell, D.","contributorId":244285,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Twidwell","given":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70220429,"text":"70220429 - 2018 - Behavioral differences following ingestion of large meals and consequences for management of a harmful invasive snake: A field experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-13T11:45:18.636087","indexId":"70220429","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-05T06:43:05","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavioral differences following ingestion of large meals and consequences for management of a harmful invasive snake: A field experiment","docAbstract":"Many snakes are uniquely adapted to ingest large prey at infrequent intervals. Digestion of large prey is metabolically and aerobically costly, and large prey boluses can impair snake locomotion, increasing vulnerability to predation. Cessation of foraging and use of refugia with microclimates facilitating digestion are expected to be strategies employed by free‐ranging snakes to cope with the demands of digestion while minimizing risk of predation. However, empirical observations of such submergent behavior from field experiments are limited. The brown treesnake (Serpentes: Colubridae: Boiga irregularis) is a nocturnal, arboreal, colubrid snake that was accidentally introduced to the island of Guam, with ecologically and economically costly consequences. Because tools for brown treesnake damage prevention generally rely on snakes being visible or responding to lures or baits while foraging, cessation of foraging activities after feeding would complicate management. We sought to characterize differences in brown treesnake activity, movement, habitat use, and detectability following feeding of large meals (rodents 33% of the snake's unfed body mass) via radio telemetry, trapping, and visual surveys. Compared to unfed snakes, snakes in the feeding treatment group showed drastic decreases in hourly and nightly activity rates, differences in refuge height and microhabitat type, and a marked decrease in detectability by trapping and visual surveys. Depression of activity lasted approximately 5–7 days, a period that corresponds to previous studies of brown treesnake digestion and cycles of detectability. Our results indicate that management strategies for invasive brown treesnakes need to account for cycles of unavailability and underscore the importance of preventing spread of brown treesnakes to new environments where large prey are abundant and periods of cryptic behavior are likely to be frequent. Characterization of postfeeding behavior changes provides a richer understanding of snake ecology and foraging models for species that consume large prey.
Because coastal areas in Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts were heavily affected by Hurricane Sandy in October 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), under a mission agreement with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, collected storm tide high-water marks in those coastal areas. This effort was undertaken to better understand the areal extent and impact of storm tides resulting from strong storms.
On October 27–29, 2012, Hurricane Sandy moved up the eastern coast of the United States after passing over the Bahamas. On October 29 at about 7:30 p.m. eastern daylight time, Hurricane Sandy made landfall its final time near Brigantine, New Jersey, with recorded wind speeds of about 80 miles per hour. The damages from Hurricane Sandy exceeded $50 billion in total, making it the second most costly Atlantic hurricane at that time, second only to Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Hurricane Sandy also resulted in 147 deaths, and about 650,000 homes and many businesses being damaged along the eastern coast of the United States. The severity of Hurricane Sandy’s effects resulted in presidential disaster declarations being declared in 10 States from Virginia to Massachusetts and the District of Columbia in the months following Hurricane Sandy; the list of States affected included Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts.
In response to the approach of Hurricane Sandy, the USGS deployed 60 temporary storm tide sensors and 2 temporary real-time rapid deployment gages to collect tide elevation data during the storm along the coastal areas of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts. This activity was done from Virginia to Maine before the storm. Following Hurricane Sandy, in October and November 2012, 371 storm tide high-water marks were identified and flagged in the coastal areas of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts. High-water marks near USGS temporary storm tide sensors, real-time rapid deployment gages, and streamgages affected by the tides as well as high-water marks on Block Island, R.I., and Martha’s Vineyard and Nantucket, Mass., were surveyed at the same time the high-water marks were identified and flagged in October and November 2012. The remaining high-water marks flagged during October and November 2012 were surveyed from December 2013 through June 2014 and in December 2016. Elevations of all high-water marks were referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 and horizontal coordinates to the North American Datum of 1983 using the Global Navigation Satellite System, survey-grade Digital Global Positioning System receivers, and total station surveying equipment.
Of the 371 storm tide high-water marks flagged following Hurricane Sandy, only 364 high-water marks were surveyed; the remaining 7 could not be found or had been destroyed when locations were revisited to conduct surveys. The 157 high-water marks surveyed in Connecticut had elevations that ranged from 2.5 to 12.2 feet (ft) with an average elevation of 8.1 ft and a median elevation of 8.3 ft. The 76 high-water marks in Rhode Island had elevations that ranged from 3.6 to 16.2 ft and averaged 7.1 ft with a median of 6.6 ft. The 131 high-water marks in Massachusetts had elevations that ranged from 2.8 to 22.7 ft and averaged 7.3 ft with a median of 6.6 ft. Individual information on the location, type, accuracy, and elevation of the 371 high-water marks can be found in an accompanying USGS data release and at the USGS Flood Event Viewer website for Hurricane Sandy (https://stn.wim.usgs.gov/fev/#Sandy).
The high-water marks along the coast line of Connecticut and eastern Massachusetts, including Nantucket, generally had higher storm tide elevations than the coast line of Rhode Island including Block Island and southern Massachusetts, including Martha’s Vineyard. The high-water mark elevations compare well with recorded peak-storm tide data at USGS temporary storm tide sensors and real-time rapid deployment gages deployed for Hurricane Sandy in Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts.
High-water mark data collected following Hurricane Sandy will be used by Federal, State, and local government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, universities, and the public for better understanding the areal extent and impact of the storm tides. Additionally, these data can be used for such activities as land-use planning, flood risk studies, flood resiliency studies, and coastal modeling. These data from this historic storm can be compared with other regional hurricanes and tropical storms for planning into the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1094","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Ostiguy, L.J., Sargent, T.C., Izbicki, B.J., and Bent, G.C., 2018, High-water marks from Hurricane Sandy for coastal areas of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts, October 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1094,\n16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1094.","productDescription":"vi, 16 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071899","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356857,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7R49Q1C","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"High-water mark data from Hurricane Sandy for the coastal areas of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts, October 29-30, 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532
Sandbars along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park, USA, are an important recreational resource used as campsites by over 25,000 river runners and hikers annually. The number and size of campsites decreased following the completion of Glen Canyon Dam in 1963 due to reductions of sediment that replenish sandbars and increases in vegetation cover caused by flow regulation. Campsite area continues to decrease despite the use of controlled floods to rebuild sandbars. We quantify the relative magnitude of factors that contribute to changes in campsite size, such as fluvial deposition and erosion, gullying, and vegetation expansion with analysis of four‐band aerial imagery and digital elevation models. Campsite area declined by 37% between 2002 and 2016 (an average of 161 m2 per site at long‐term monitoring sites). Two drivers contributed to campsite area change: (a) short‐term gains and losses associated with controlled floods and flood‐deposit erosion and (b) long‐term one‐directional loss of campsite area caused by vegetation encroachment. There was more erosion and slope change at sites in critical reaches—sections of river where campsites are infrequent or in high demand—than in noncritical reaches. Vegetation continues to expand at campsites under flow regulation, particularly in noncritical reaches. Although controlled floods have contributed to short‐term increases in sandbar size, long‐term increases in campsite area have not occurred because of sandbar erosion between controlled floods and vegetation expansion. Manual vegetation removal may need to be considered in future management strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.3349","usgsCitation":"Hadley, D., Grams, P.E., and Kaplinski, M.A., 2018, Quantifying geomorphic and vegetation change at sandbar campsites in response to flow regulation and controlled floods, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona: River Research and Applications, v. 34, no. 9, p. 1208-1218, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3349.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1208","endPage":"1218","ipdsId":"IP-092936","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States ","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.0106201171875,\n 35.70414710206052\n ],\n [\n -111.50848388671875,\n 35.70414710206052\n ],\n [\n -111.50848388671875,\n 36.89499795802219\n ],\n [\n -114.0106201171875,\n 36.89499795802219\n ],\n [\n -114.0106201171875,\n 35.70414710206052\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02fa2e4b0fc368eb5393d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hadley, Daniel R. 0000-0002-0701-7580","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0701-7580","contributorId":196522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hadley","given":"Daniel R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708 pgrams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":1830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","email":"pgrams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaplinski, Matthew A.","contributorId":139210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaplinski","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70198077,"text":"sir20185096 - 2018 - Documentation of single-well aquifer tests and integrated borehole analyses, Pahute Mesa and Vicinity, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-05T12:07:20","indexId":"sir20185096","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-04T09:27:04","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5096","title":"Documentation of single-well aquifer tests and integrated borehole analyses, Pahute Mesa and Vicinity, Nevada","docAbstract":"Director,
Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, NV 89701
The cross‐scale resilience model suggests that system‐level ecological resilience emerges from the distribution of species’ functions within and across the spatial and temporal scales of a system. It has provided a quantitative method for calculating the resilience of a given system and so has been a valuable contribution to a largely qualitative field. As it is currently laid out, the model accounts for the spatial and temporal scales at which environmental resources and species are present and the functional roles species play but does not inform us about how much resource is present or how much function is provided. In short, it does not account for abundance in the distribution of species and their functional roles within and across the scales of a system. We detail the ways in which we would expect species’ abundance to be relevant to the cross‐scale resilience model based on the extensive abundance literature in ecology. We also put forward a series of testable hypotheses that would improve our ability to anticipate and quantify how resilience is generated, and how ecosystems will (or will not) buffer recent rapid global changes. This stream of research may provide an improved foundation for the quantitative evaluation of ecological resilience.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecology Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecy.2508","usgsCitation":"Sundstrom, S.M., Angeler, D., Barichievy, C., Eason, T.N., Garmestani, A.S., Gunderson, L., Knutson, M., Nash, K., Spanbauer, T., Stow, C., and Allen, C.R., 2018, The distribution and role of functional abundance in cross‐scale resilience: Ecology, v. 99, no. 11, p. 2421-2432, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2508.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2421","endPage":"2432","ipdsId":"IP-100596","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6792002","text":"External Repository"},{"id":378408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sundstrom, S. M. 0000-0003-0823-8008","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-8008","contributorId":240691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sundstrom","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Angeler, D. G.","contributorId":240686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Angeler","given":"D. G.","affiliations":[{"id":12665,"text":"University of Cape Town","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barichievy, C. 0000-0003-4088-953X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4088-953X","contributorId":240685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barichievy","given":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13431,"text":"Zoological Society of London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eason, T. N.","contributorId":205437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eason","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garmestani, A. S.","contributorId":240687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garmestani","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gunderson, L.","contributorId":205440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gunderson","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Knutson, M.","contributorId":240692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutson","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nash, K.L. 0000-0003-0976-3197","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0976-3197","contributorId":240688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nash","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48132,"text":"Centre for Marine Socioecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Spanbauer, T. L.","contributorId":205438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spanbauer","given":"T. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stow, C.A.","contributorId":240689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stow","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70212491,"text":"70212491 - 2018 - Short-term forecasting and detection of explosions during the 2016–2017 eruption of Bogoslof volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-18T17:24:45.149522","indexId":"70212491","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-03T12:21:40","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5232,"text":"Frontiers in Earth Science","onlineIssn":"2296-6463","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Short-term forecasting and detection of explosions during the 2016–2017 eruption of Bogoslof volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"We describe a multidisciplinary approach to forecast, rapidly detect, and characterize explosive events during the 2016–2017 eruption of Bogoslof volcano, a back-arc shallow submarine volcano in Alaska’s Aleutian arc. The eruptive sequence began in December 2016 and included about 70 discrete explosive events. Because the volcano has no local monitoring stations, we used distant stations on the nearest volcanoes, Okmok (54 km) and Makushin (72 km), combined with regional infrasound sensors and lightning detection from the Worldwide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN). Pre-eruptive seismicity was detected for 12 events during the first half of the eruption; for all other events co-eruptive signals allowed for detection only. Monitoring of activity used a combination of scheduled checks combined with automated alarms. Alarms triggered on real-time data included real-time seismic amplitude measurement (RSAM); infrasound from several arrays, the closest being on Okmok; and lightning strokes detected from WWLLN within a 20-km radius of the volcano. During periods of unrest, a multidisciplinary response team of four people fulfilled specific roles to evaluate geophysical and remote-sensing data, run event-specific ash-cloud dispersion models, ensure interagency coordination, and develop and distribute of formalized warning products. Using this approach, for events that produced ash clouds ≥7.5 km above sea level, Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) called emergency response partners 15 min, and issued written notices 30 min, after event onset (mean times). Factors that affect timeliness of written warnings include event size and number of data streams available; bigger events and more data both decrease uncertainty and allow for faster warnings. In remote areas where airborne ash is the primary hazard, the approach used at Bogoslof is an effective strategy for hazard mitigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media S.A.","doi":"10.3389/feart.2018.00122","collaboration":"University of Alaska Fairbanks; Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","usgsCitation":"Coombs, M.L., Wech, A., Haney, M.M., Lyons, J.J., Schneider, D.J., Schwaiger, H., Wallace, K.L., Fee, D., Freymueller, J., Schaefer, J., and Tepp, G., 2018, Short-term forecasting and detection of explosions during the 2016–2017 eruption of Bogoslof volcano, Alaska: Frontiers in Earth Science, v. 6, 122, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00122.","productDescription":"122, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-096083","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468446,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00122","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377623,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bogoslof volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -169.573974609375,\n 52.859180945520826\n ],\n [\n -165.9869384765625,\n 52.859180945520826\n ],\n [\n -165.9869384765625,\n 54.559322587438636\n ],\n [\n -169.573974609375,\n 54.559322587438636\n ],\n [\n -169.573974609375,\n 52.859180945520826\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coombs, Michelle L. 0000-0002-6002-6806 mcoombs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6002-6806","contributorId":2809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"Michelle","email":"mcoombs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wech, Aaron 0000-0003-4983-1991","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-1991","contributorId":202561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wech","given":"Aaron","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haney, Matthew M. 0000-0003-3317-7884 mhaney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3317-7884","contributorId":172948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"Matthew","email":"mhaney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyons, John J. 0000-0001-5409-1698 jlyons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5409-1698","contributorId":5394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"John","email":"jlyons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schneider, David J. 0000-0001-9092-1054 djschneider@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-1054","contributorId":198601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"David","email":"djschneider@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":796565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schwaiger, Hans 0000-0001-7397-8833","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7397-8833","contributorId":214983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwaiger","given":"Hans","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wallace, Kristi L. 0000-0002-0962-048X kwallace@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-048X","contributorId":3454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Kristi","email":"kwallace@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fee, David","contributorId":199660,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fee","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":796568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Freymueller, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":96841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freymueller","given":"Jeffrey T.","affiliations":[{"id":26875,"text":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Schaefer, Janet","contributorId":199547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schaefer","given":"Janet","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":796570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tepp, Gabrielle 0000-0001-5388-5138","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-5138","contributorId":206305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tepp","given":"Gabrielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70199699,"text":"70199699 - 2018 - Magma supply to Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, from inception to now: Historical perspective, current state of knowledge, and future challenges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-28T09:32:44","indexId":"70199699","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-03T12:16:44","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5198,"text":"Geological Society of America Special Papers ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magma supply to Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, from inception to now: Historical perspective, current state of knowledge, and future challenges","docAbstract":"Meticulous field observations are a common underpinning of two landmark studies conducted by Don Swanson dealing with the rate at which magma is supplied to Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i. The first combined effusion rate and ground deformation observations to show that the supply rate to Kīlauea was constant at ~0.11 km3/yr during three sustained eruptions from 1952 to 1971, a quiescent period at neighboring Mauna Loa volcano. This rate was also interpreted as the steady supply rate from the mantle to both volcanoes combined throughout historical time. The second breakthrough involved field evidence that activity at Kīlauea alternates between dominantly effusive and explosive styles over time scales of several centuries, and that the magma supply rate during explosive periods is only 1%-2% of the rate during effusive periods. For the historical period, several later studies concluded that the supply rate to Kīlauea has varied by as much as an order of magnitude, contrary to Swanson’s earlier suggestion. All such estimates are fraught with uncertainty, given the poorly known amount of magma stored within the volcano’s rift zones as a function of time—an enduring problem and active research topic. Nonetheless, Swanson’s original work remains an important touchstone that spurred many subsequent investigations and refinements. For example, there is strong evidence that Kīlauea experienced a surge in magma supply during 2003–2007 that exceeded the historical average by as much as a factor of two, and that the surge was followed by a comparable lull before the supply rate returned to “normal” by 2016. There is also evidence for supply-rate variations of similar magnitude during the latter part of the twentieth century and possibly earlier, subject to the aforementioned uncertainty in rift-zone storage. The extent to which variations in the magma supply to Kīlauea can be attributed to partitioning between Kīlauea and Mauna Loa, a long-debated topic, remains uncertain. Since Kilauea’s inception, the net magma supply to the volcano (and also to Lō‘ihi Seamount, since it began growing) has increased, while Mauna Loa’s growth rate has slowed, suggesting that the volcanoes compete for the same magma supply. However, geochemical differences between lavas erupted at Kīlauea and Mauna Loa indicate that they do not share a homogeneous mantle source or common lithospheric magma plumbing system. Both ideas might be correct; i.e., Kīlauea and Mauna Loa magmas may be sourced in differing portions of the same melt accumulation zone and ascend through different crustal pathways, but those pathways interact through stress or pressure changes that modulate the supply to each volcano. Currently, magma supply-rate estimates are facilitated by comprehensive imaging of surface deformation and topographic change coupled with measurements of gas emissions. Physics-based models are being developed within a probabilistic framework to provide rigorous estimates of model parameters, including magma supply rate, and their uncertainties. Further refinement will require intensive multiparameter observations of the entire magmatic system—from source to surface and above, and from the volcanoes’ summits to their submerged lower flanks—in order to account fully for a complex magma budget.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2018.2538(12)","usgsCitation":"Dzurisin, D., and Poland, M.P., 2018, Magma supply to Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, from inception to now: Historical perspective, current state of knowledge, and future challenges: Geological Society of America Special Papers , v. 538, p. 275-295, https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(12).","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"275","endPage":"295","ipdsId":"IP-087117","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460853,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(12)","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai‘i","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.35354614257812,\n 19.330582575049508\n ],\n [\n -155.15853881835938,\n 19.330582575049508\n ],\n [\n -155.15853881835938,\n 19.47500813674322\n ],\n [\n -155.35354614257812,\n 19.47500813674322\n ],\n [\n -155.35354614257812,\n 19.330582575049508\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"538","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02fa3e4b0fc368eb53947","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dzurisin, Daniel 0000-0002-0138-5067 dzurisin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-5067","contributorId":538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Daniel","email":"dzurisin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209687,"text":"70209687 - 2018 - Crustal inheritance and a top-down control on arc magmatism at Mount St Helens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-21T16:33:42.926204","indexId":"70209687","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-03T11:27:45","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal inheritance and a top-down control on arc magmatism at Mount St Helens","docAbstract":"In a subduction zone, the volcanic arc marks the location where magma, generated via flux melting in the mantle wedge, migrates through the crust and erupts. While the location of deep magma broadly defines the arc position, here we argue that crustal structures, identified in geophysical data from the Washington Cascades magmatic arc, are equally important in controlling magma ascent and defining the spatial distribution and compositional variability of erupted material. As imaged by a three-dimensional resistivity model, a broad lower-crustal mush zone containing 3–10% interconnected melt underlies this segment of the arc, interpreted to episodically feed upper-crustal magmatic systems and drive eruptions. Mount St Helens is fed by melt channelled around a mid-Tertiary batholith also imaged in the resistivity model and supported by potential–field data. Regionally, volcanism and seismicity are almost exclusive of the batholith, while at Mount St Helens, along its margin, the ascent of viscous felsic melt is enabled by deep-seated metasedimentary rocks. Both the anomalous forearc location and composition of St Helens magmas are products of this zone of localized extension along the batholith margin. This work is a compelling example of inherited structural control on local stress state and magmatism.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41561-018-0217-2","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Bedrosian, P.A., Peacock, J., Bowles-Martinez, E., Schultz, A., and Hill, G., 2018, Crustal inheritance and a top-down control on arc magmatism at Mount St Helens: Nature Geoscience, v. 11, p. 865-870, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0217-2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"865","endPage":"870","ipdsId":"IP-097250","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374161,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.37396240234375,\n 46.02938880791639\n ],\n [\n -122.025146484375,\n 46.02938880791639\n ],\n [\n -122.025146484375,\n 46.403776166694634\n ],\n [\n -122.37396240234375,\n 46.403776166694634\n ],\n [\n -122.37396240234375,\n 46.02938880791639\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peacock, Jared R. 0000-0002-0439-0224","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0439-0224","contributorId":210082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Jared R.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowles-Martinez, Esteban","contributorId":224235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowles-Martinez","given":"Esteban","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schultz, Adam","contributorId":197380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultz","given":"Adam","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hill, Graham","contributorId":224236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Graham","affiliations":[{"id":40843,"text":"University of Canterbury - New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70199110,"text":"70199110 - 2018 - Exploring the impacts of seagrass on coupled marsh-tidal flat morphodynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-05T10:31:25","indexId":"70199110","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-03T10:31:20","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5738,"text":"Frontiers in Environmental Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploring the impacts of seagrass on coupled marsh-tidal flat morphodynamics","docAbstract":"Intertidal coastal environments are prone to changes induced by sea level rise, increases in storminess, temperature, and anthropogenic disturbances. It is unclear how changes in external drivers may affect the dynamics of low energy coastal environments because their response is non-linear, and characterized by many thresholds and discontinuities. As such, process-based modeling of the ecogeomorphic processes underlying the dynamics of these ecosystems is useful, not only to predict their change through time, but also to generate new hypotheses and research questions. Here, we used a three-point dynamic model to investigate how seagrass might affect the behavior of coupled marsh-tidal flat systems. The model directly incorporates ecogeomorphological feedbacks among wind waves, salt marsh vegetation, allochthonous sediment loading, seagrasses and sea level rise. The model was applied to examine potential behaviors of salt marsh systems in the Virginia coastal bays. Differences due to the presence or absence of seagrass and stochastic vs. constant drivers lead to the emergence of complex behaviors in the coupled salt marsh-tidal flat system. In intertidal areas without seagrass, small tidal flats are unlikely to expand and provide enough sediment to the salt marshes to combat sea level rise. However, as the tidal flat expands, the concurrent increase in sediment supply due to wave-induced processes allows for the salt marsh to maintain pace with sea level at the expense of salt marsh extent. The presence of seagrass has two effects: (1) it decreases near bed shear stresses thus reducing the sediment flux to the salt marsh platform; (2) it reduces the wave energy acting on the salt marsh scarp, thus reducing boundary erosion. Model results indicate that the reductions in wave power and near bed shear stresses when seagrass is present provide an overall stabilizing effect on the coupled marsh-tidal flat system; but as water depth increases due to sea level rise or as external sediment supply increases, light conditions decline and the system reverts to that of a bare tidal flat.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/fenvs.2018.00092","usgsCitation":"Carr, J., Mariotti, G., Fahgerazzi, S., McGlathery, K., and Wiberg, P., 2018, Exploring the impacts of seagrass on coupled marsh-tidal flat morphodynamics: Frontiers in Environmental Science, v. 6, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00092.","productDescription":"Article 92; 16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-098569","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00092","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357079,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a26ae4b0702d0e842e88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, Joel A. 0000-0002-9164-4156 jcarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9164-4156","contributorId":168645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Joel A.","email":"jcarr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mariotti, Giulio","contributorId":207541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mariotti","given":"Giulio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37557,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fahgerazzi, Sergio","contributorId":207542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fahgerazzi","given":"Sergio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37558,"text":"Boston University, Boston MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGlathery, Karen","contributorId":207543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGlathery","given":"Karen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37559,"text":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiberg, Patricia","contributorId":207544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiberg","given":"Patricia","affiliations":[{"id":37559,"text":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70229440,"text":"70229440 - 2018 - Ice-sheet modulation of deglacial North American monsoon intensification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-08T12:35:10.818298","indexId":"70229440","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-03T06:32:37","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ice-sheet modulation of deglacial North American monsoon intensification","docAbstract":"The North American monsoon, the dominant source of rainfall for much of the arid US Southwest, remains one of the least understood monsoon systems. The late Pleistocene evolution of this monsoon is poorly constrained, largely because glacial changes in winter rainfall obscure summer monsoon signatures in many regional proxy records. Here, we develop deglacial records of monsoon strength from isotopic analyses of leaf wax biomarkers in marine sediment cores. Reconstructions indicate a regional decrease in monsoon rainfall during the Last Glacial Maximum, and that the deglacial trajectory of the North American monsoon closely tracks changes in North American ice cover. In climate model simulations, North American ice cover shifts the westerlies southwards, favouring the mixing of cold, dry air into the US Southwest. This process, known as ventilation, weakens the monsoon by diluting the energy fluxes required for convection. As the ice sheet retreats northwards, the monsoon strengthens, and local ocean conditions may play a larger role in regulating its intensity. We conclude that on glacial–interglacial timescales, ice-sheet-induced reorganizations of atmospheric circulation have a dominant influence on the North American monsoon.
This chapter summarizes the current knowledge in high-latitude (mostly permafrost) carbon storage and dynamics. Arctic and boreal regions contain large carbon stock, especially in permafrost soils. The factors that control carbon storage have been changing rapidly over the last several decades. As a result, this large carbon pool is highly vulnerable for carbon loss in a future warming climate. There are major needs to reconcile model and observations in assessing permafrost carbon balance and in understanding the importance of abrupt thaw of permafrost.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Review of the draft second state of the carbon cycle report (SOCCR2)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"The National Academies Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.17226/25045","isbn":"978-0-309-47315-6","usgsCitation":"Schuur, T., McGuire, A.D., Romanovsky, V.E., Schadel, C., and Mack, M., 2018, Arctic and boreal carbon, chap. 11 of Review of the draft second state of the carbon cycle report (SOCCR2), https://doi.org/10.17226/25045.","ipdsId":"IP-085874","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357023,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a26ae4b0702d0e842e8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schuur, Ted 0000-0002-1096-2436","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-2436","contributorId":206658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schuur","given":"Ted","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":741380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Romanovsky, Vladimir E.","contributorId":40113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanovsky","given":"Vladimir","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schadel, Christina","contributorId":202385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schadel","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36405,"text":"University of Northern Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mack, Michelle","contributorId":44275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Michelle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198619,"text":"70198619 - 2018 - Interstate water management of a “hidden” resource - Physical principles of groundwater hydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-02T18:11:20","indexId":"70198619","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-02T18:11:15","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Interstate water management of a “hidden” resource - Physical principles of groundwater hydrology","docAbstract":"Groundwater systems are dynamic geologic environments in which water continuously flows from recharge areas to discharge areas at streams, springs, wetlands, coastal waters, and wells. Natural, predevelopment conditions within groundwater systems are changed by the introduction of wells and other human stresses that modify existing groundwater levels, flow paths, and hydrologic budgets. Groundwater serves the Nation as an important water supply, but in some instances such stresses can have adverse impacts that include excessive ground water-level declines, aquifer-storage reductions, and streamflow depletions. Many of the Nation’s aquifer systems extend over thousands of square miles and their hydrologic boundaries may be distant from jurisdictional boundaries that can be the focus of groundwater disputes. Effective interstate management of groundwater resources is benefited by an understanding of the regional-scale controls that affect groundwater conditions at the local scale. Numerical models are the most effective approach for accounting for all of the relevant hydrologic processes that affect groundwater systems and their response to natural and manmade stresses. This paper provides a brief background on some of the basic principles of groundwater hydrology that are relevant to interstate management of this important natural resource.
","conferenceTitle":"34th Water Law Conference","conferenceDate":"March 29-30, 2016","conferenceLocation":"Austin, TX","language":"English","publisher":"American Bar Association Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources","usgsCitation":"Barlow, P.M., 2018, Interstate water management of a “hidden” resource - Physical principles of groundwater hydrology, 34th Water Law Conference, Austin, TX, March 29-30, 2016, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-072301","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357022,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a26ae4b0702d0e842e8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199072,"text":"70199072 - 2018 - Evidence that climate sets the lower elevation range limit in a high‐elevation endemic salamander","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-01T20:04:57","indexId":"70199072","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-01T20:04:51","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence that climate sets the lower elevation range limit in a high‐elevation endemic salamander","docAbstract":"A frequent assumption in ecology is that biotic interactions are more important than abiotic factors in determining lower elevational range limits (i.e., the “warm edge” of a species distribution). However, for species with narrow environmental tolerances, theory suggests the presence of a strong environmental gradient can lead to persistence, even in the presence of competition. The relative importance of biotic and abiotic factors is rarely considered together, although understanding when one exerts a dominant influence on controlling range limits may be crucial to predicting extinction risk under future climate conditions. We sampled multiple transects spanning the elevational range limit of Plethodon shenandoah and site and climate covariates were recorded. A two‐species conditional occupancy model, accommodating heterogeneity in detection probability, was used to relate variation in occupancy with environmental and habitat conditions. Regional climate data were combined with datalogger observations to estimate the cloud base heights and to project future climate change impacts on cloud elevations across the survey area. By simultaneously accounting for species’ interactions and habitat variables, we find that elevation, not competition, is strongly correlated with the lower elevation range boundary, which had been presumed to be restricted mainly as a result of competitive interactions with a congener. Because the lower elevational range limit is sensitive to climate variables, projected climate change across its high‐elevation habitats will directly affect the species’ distribution. Testing assumptions of factors that set species range limits should use models which accommodate detection biases.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.4198","usgsCitation":"Campbell Grant, E.H., Brand, A.B., De Wekker, S.F., Lee, T.R., and Wofford, J.E., 2018, Evidence that climate sets the lower elevation range limit in a high‐elevation endemic salamander: Ecology and Evolution, v. 8, no. 15, p. 7553-7562, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4198.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"7553","endPage":"7562","ipdsId":"IP-074867","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4198","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","volume":"8","issue":"15","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a26be4b0702d0e842e94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell Grant, Evan H. 0000-0003-4401-6496 ehgrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":150443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell Grant","given":"Evan","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brand, Adrianne B. 0000-0003-2664-0041 abrand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2664-0041","contributorId":3352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"Adrianne","email":"abrand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"De Wekker, Stephan F. J.","contributorId":90958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Wekker","given":"Stephan","email":"","middleInitial":"F. J.","affiliations":[{"id":27696,"text":"Univ. of Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Temple R.","contributorId":207484,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Temple","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":25492,"text":"University of Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wofford, John E. B.","contributorId":38951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wofford","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70199088,"text":"70199088 - 2018 - Field and laboratory hydraulic characterization of landslide-prone soils in the Oregon Coast Range and implications for hydrologic simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-22T19:48:10.063873","indexId":"70199088","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-01T17:41:20","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field and laboratory hydraulic characterization of landslide-prone soils in the Oregon Coast Range and implications for hydrologic simulation","docAbstract":"Unsaturated zone flow processes are an important focus of landslide hazard estimation. Differences in soil hydraulic behavior between wetting and drying conditions (i.e., hydraulic hysteresis) may be important in landslide triggering. Hydraulic hysteresis can complicate soil hydraulic parameter estimates and impact prediction capability. This investigation focused on hydraulic property estimation for soil in a landslide‐prone area where the relative importance of hysteresis is unclear. Laboratory measurements of soil‐water retention from field soils in the Oregon Coast Range during wetting and drying show that pronounced hydraulic hysteresis is present. In contrast, a 4‐yr field data record of pore‐water pressure and soil‐water content from multiple soil pits at the same landslide‐prone area shows relatively minor hydraulic hysteresis compared with the laboratory estimates. Simulated subsurface hydrologic response parameterized using estimates from field data more closely matched hydrologic observations relative to model parameterization based on laboratory analysis of repacked soil samples. Our results suggest that (i) unsaturated hydraulic parameter estimates based on in situ field data, as opposed to laboratory measurements alone, may lead to more accurate simulation of the hydrologic response to rainfall, (ii) in situ data of soil‐water retention may need to include values at both high suctions and near saturation to improve estimates of soil hydraulic parameters for slope failure applications, and (iii) laboratory measurements of soil‐water retention made under dynamic conditions may overestimate hydraulic hysteresis.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/vzj2018.04.0078","usgsCitation":"Ebel, B.A., Godt, J.W., Lu, N., Coe, J.A., Smith, J.B., and Baum, R.L., 2018, Field and laboratory hydraulic characterization of landslide-prone soils in the Oregon Coast Range and implications for hydrologic simulation: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 17, 180078, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.04.0078.","productDescription":"180078, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-098356","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468449,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.04.0078","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357010,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":379661,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2136/vzj2018.04.0078"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Oregon Coast Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.617919921875,\n 42.17968819665961\n ],\n [\n -122.67333984374999,\n 42.17968819665961\n ],\n [\n -122.67333984374999,\n 44.39454219215587\n ],\n [\n -124.617919921875,\n 44.39454219215587\n ],\n [\n -124.617919921875,\n 42.17968819665961\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a26ce4b0702d0e842e98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963 bebel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":2557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian","email":"bebel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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2018 - Standard operating procedure 1.2.16 wadeable stream reach-scale field data collection—version 1.0","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-26T15:22:49","indexId":"70199517","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-01T14:49:36","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5788,"text":"Southeast Coast Network Standard Operating Procedure","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/SECN/SOP—1.2.16","title":"Standard operating procedure 1.2.16 wadeable stream reach-scale field data collection—version 1.0","docAbstract":"The following standard operation procedure (SOP) outlines the procedure for collecting physical habitat data from previously selected and benchmarked wadeable streams. The purpose of this SOP is to ensure that data are collected using methods that are consistent between reaches and years. Using the methods described in this SOP will also ensure that the data will be comparable to data collected by other DOI agencies as well as non-governmental monitoring efforts. This SOP provides step-by-step directions and field data sheets tailored to the collection activities. The techniques and procedures outlined in this SOP were based on methods used by the United States Geological Survey (Fitzpatrick et al. 2008), the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA 2013), and the United States Department of Agriculture (Harrelson et al. 1994) and were modified for the Piedmont and Coastal Plain rivers in SECN parks.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"McDonald, J.M., Starkey, E.N., Gregory, M., and Riley, J.W., 2018, Standard operating procedure 1.2.16 wadeable stream reach-scale field data collection—version 1.0: Southeast Coast Network Standard Operating Procedure NPS/SECN/SOP—1.2.16, 26 p.","productDescription":"26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-068306","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":357533,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/DownloadFile/605808"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bf67cf3e4b045bfcae2cff4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, J. M","contributorId":208027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":37679,"text":"National Park Service Southeast Coast Inventory and Monitoring Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Starkey, E. N.","contributorId":208028,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Starkey","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":37679,"text":"National Park Service Southeast Coast Inventory and Monitoring Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gregory, Mark B.","contributorId":151024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gregory","given":"Mark B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Riley, Jeffrey W. 0000-0001-5525-3134 jriley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5525-3134","contributorId":3605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jriley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70199520,"text":"70199520 - 2018 - Setting up and configuring a total station: Version 1.0: Southeast coast network standard operating procedure 1.2.17","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-26T15:20:42","indexId":"70199520","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-01T14:31:28","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5788,"text":"Southeast Coast Network Standard Operating Procedure","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/SECN/SOP—1.2.17","title":"Setting up and configuring a total station: Version 1.0: Southeast coast network standard operating procedure 1.2.17","docAbstract":"The following standard operating procedure (SOP) outlines the process for setting up and configuring a total station to collect accurate x, y, and z coordinate data. Total stations allow accurate spatial data to be collected and tied to a permanent benchmark. These data can be used to detect small geomorphic changes between site surveys. Many different types of total stations and surveying gear are available, and newer models will be available in the future. This SOP outlines basic steps for using the Trimble S6 robotic total station and the TSC3 data collector. These instructions do not cover detailed care and maintenance of the Trimble S6 robotic total station or the TSC3 data collector.","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"McDonald, J.M., Gregory, M., Riley, J.W., and Starkey, E.N., 2018, Setting up and configuring a total station: Version 1.0: Southeast coast network standard operating procedure 1.2.17: Southeast Coast Network Standard Operating Procedure NPS/SECN/SOP—1.2.17, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-068308","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":357536,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/DownloadFile/605809"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bf67cf4e4b045bfcae2cff8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, Jacob M.","contributorId":208029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37679,"text":"National Park Service Southeast Coast Inventory and Monitoring Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gregory, Mark B.","contributorId":151024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gregory","given":"Mark B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riley, Jeffrey W. 0000-0001-5525-3134 jriley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5525-3134","contributorId":3605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jriley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Starkey, E. N.","contributorId":208028,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Starkey","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":37679,"text":"National Park Service Southeast Coast Inventory and Monitoring Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70202319,"text":"70202319 - 2018 - State‐space modelling of the flight behaviour of a soaring bird provides new insights to migratory strategies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-22T13:05:28","indexId":"70202319","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-01T13:05:17","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1711,"text":"Functional Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"State‐space modelling of the flight behaviour of a soaring bird provides new insights to migratory strategies","docAbstract":"Unionid mussels are a key taxon for stable isotope studies of aquatic food webs, often serving as the primary integrator of the pelagic baseline. Past isotope studies with mussels have commonly used either foot tissue or mantle tissue, but no study has yet to quantify the relation of both carbon and nitrogen isotopes between these two tissue sources. This makes it difficult to justify cross-study comparisons when different tissue compartments and different species were used as the basis of food web models. Therefore, we collected foot and mantle tissues from two common mussel species, Amblema plicata and Fusconaia flava, from lotic and lentic sites in the Upper Mississippi and St. Croix rivers (Minnesota/Wisconsin). Paired tissue samples from each individual were analyzed for stable isotopes of nitrogen and carbon. There were strong relations between tissue types for both isotopes between species (r2 > 0.93). Paired t-tests indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the tissue sources in some instances, but the difference (0.04–0.21‰) was less than the analytical precision of the mass spectrometer (circa 0.2–0.3‰). We conclude that the isotopic values from these two tissue sources are biologically comparable and recommend that researchers use the tissue source and extraction technique that minimizes stress to the mussels. We also tested for significant differences between species within a site for either isotope or tissue type and found no statistically significant difference between species with the exception of carbon in foot tissue at two sites. The highly correlated isotopic response supports the interchangeable use of both tissue compartments and both species. These findings support comparisons between studies whether the results were based on either of these tissues or the two species studied. Comparability will also simplify sampling designs, save time, and save money for processing samples without diminishing the usefulness of the data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Freshwater Mollusk Conservation Society","usgsCitation":"LaFrancois, T., Fritts, A.K., Knights, B.C., and Karns, B., 2018, Stable isotope comparison between mantle and foot tissues of two freshwater unionids: Implications for food web studies: Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation, v. 21, no. 2, p. 28-35.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"35","ipdsId":"IP-095415","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359462,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":359461,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://molluskconservation.org/FMBC-journal.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"St. Croix River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.12286376953124,\n 44.72917434046452\n ],\n [\n -92.51312255859375,\n 44.72917434046452\n ],\n [\n -92.51312255859375,\n 45.96260622242165\n ],\n [\n -93.12286376953124,\n 45.96260622242165\n ],\n [\n -93.12286376953124,\n 44.72917434046452\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bee93e5e4b08f163c24a1bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaFrancois, Toben","contributorId":173075,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaFrancois","given":"Toben","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fritts, Andrea K. 0000-0003-2142-3339","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2142-3339","contributorId":204594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knights, Brent C. 0000-0001-8526-8468 bknights@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8526-8468","contributorId":2906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knights","given":"Brent","email":"bknights@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Karns, Byron","contributorId":192390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karns","given":"Byron","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70198674,"text":"70198674 - 2018 - The S.O. Conte Anadromous Fish Research Center--a model for progress","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-11T11:04:26","indexId":"70198674","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-01T11:04:19","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The S.O. Conte Anadromous Fish Research Center--a model for progress","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"From Sea to Source 2.0 Protection and restoration of fish migration in rivers worldwide","language":"English","publisher":"World Fish Migration Foundation","usgsCitation":"Castro-Santos, T.R., Haro, A.J., Letcher, B., and McCormick, S.D., 2018, The S.O. Conte Anadromous Fish Research Center--a model for progress, chap. of From Sea to Source 2.0 Protection and restoration of fish migration in rivers worldwide.","ipdsId":"IP-094198","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357225,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fromseatosource.com/"},{"id":357226,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a26ce4b0702d0e842e9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Castro-Santos, Theodore R. 0000-0003-2575-9120 tcastrosantos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-9120","contributorId":3321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castro-Santos","given":"Theodore","email":"tcastrosantos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haro, Alexander J. 0000-0002-7188-9172 aharo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-9172","contributorId":2917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haro","given":"Alexander","email":"aharo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":744734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Letcher, Benjamin H. 0000-0003-0191-5678 bletcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":167313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Benjamin H.","email":"bletcher@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":744735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":139214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70202186,"text":"70202186 - 2018 - Holocene paleointensity of the Island of Hawai'i from glassy volcanics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-14T09:40:19","indexId":"70202186","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-01T09:40:13","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene paleointensity of the Island of Hawai'i from glassy volcanics","docAbstract":"This study presents new high‐quality paleointensity records and 14C radiocarbon age determinations from the Island of Hawai `i during the Holocene. Previous studies on Hawai `i use experimental methods and statistical selection criteria that may produce inaccurate geomagnetic field strength estimates. Additional high‐quality paleointensity results can be used to evaluate the existing Hawaiian data set and investigate Holocene geomagnetic field behavior. New paleointensity sites from 22 lava flows were calculated using the IZZI‐Thellier laboratory technique and a strict set of selection criteria. Rapidly cooled, glassy volcanic material was collected for all sites. Isotopic age determinations range from 270 to >10, 000 years before present (nine new 14C ages are also presented as part of this study). The median intensity for the 22 flows is 47.5 μT, with a median absolute deviation uncertainty of 5.6 μT; substantially greater than the present‐day field strength at Hawai `i (~36 μT). These new results are comparable to previously published data from this location and are consistent with global paleointensity models. There is no evidence of an intensity “spike” at 3,000 years before present, as seen in the Levant and elsewhere. Previously published data vary in intensity by experimental technique relative to data using glassy material and strict selection criteria. Non‐Thellier‐type data are biased low, a result of these techniques estimating intensity from possibly nonsingle domain magnetic carriers. Thellier‐Thellier data are biased high, the reasons for which remain unclear as no cooling rate effect was demonstrated, and we were unable to reproduce the high bias with different selection criteria.
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We used agricultural statistics, socio-economic producer surveys, and agronomic field research data to estimate traditional pollination value metrics and create novel approaches to the valuation of the ecosystem services provided by wild pollinators. Using two regionally important United States (USA) crops—Maine wild blueberry and Massachusetts cranberry—as models, we present the perceived values of wild bee pollinators from the perspectives of both consumers and producers. The net income attributable to wild bees was similar for wild blueberry ($613/ha) and cranberry ($689/ha). Marginal profit from incrementally adding more hives per ha was greater from stocking a third/fourth hive for cranberry ($6206/ha) than stocking a ninth/10th hive for wild blueberry ($556/ha), given the greater initial responsiveness of yield, revenue, and profit using rented honey bee hives in cranberry compared with wild blueberry. Both crops’ producers were willing to annually invest only $140–188/ha in wild pollination enhancements on their farms, justifying government financial support. Consumers are willing to pay ≈6.7 times more to support wild bees than producers, which indicates a potential source for market-based subsidies for invertebrate conservation.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/environments5090098","usgsCitation":"Hoshide, A.K., Drummond, F.A., Stevens, T.H., Venturini, E.M., Hanes, S.P., Sylvia, M.M., Loftin, C., Yarborough, D.E., and Averill, A.L., 2018, What is the value of wild bee pollination for wild blueberries and cranberries, and who values it?: Environments, v. 5, no. 9, p. 1-24, https://doi.org/10.3390/environments5090098.","productDescription":"Article 98; 24 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"24","ipdsId":"IP-059861","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468459,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/environments5090098","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":359609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bf52b69e4b045bfcae28008","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoshide, Aaron K.","contributorId":210755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoshide","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drummond, Francis A.","contributorId":210756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drummond","given":"Francis","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stevens, Thomas H.","contributorId":210757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stevens","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Venturini, Eric M.","contributorId":210758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Venturini","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanes, Samuel P.","contributorId":210759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanes","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sylvia, Martha M.","contributorId":210760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sylvia","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Loftin, Cynthia S. 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":2167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cynthia S.","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":693213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yarborough, David E.","contributorId":210761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yarborough","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Averill, Anne L.","contributorId":210762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Averill","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70199083,"text":"70199083 - 2018 - The risk of rodent introductions from shipwrecks to seabirds on Aleutian and Bering Sea islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T10:02:20","indexId":"70199083","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-31T09:59:54","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The risk of rodent introductions from shipwrecks to seabirds on Aleutian and Bering Sea islands","docAbstract":"Accidental introductions of rodents present one of the greatest threats to indigenous island biota, especially seabirds. On uninhabited remote islands, such introductions are likely to come from shipwrecks. Here we use a comprehensive database of shipwrecks in Western Alaska to model the frequency of shipwrecks per Aleutian and Bering Sea island, taken as a proxy for the threat of rodent introductions, using physical variables, and the intensity of nearby fishing traffic and activity as predictors. Using data spanning from 1950 to 2013, we found that shipwrecks were particularly common in the 1980s to early 2000s, with a major peak in wrecks during the late 1980s. Amount of fishing activity within 5 km of an island was the strongest predictor of shipwrecks, followed by the strength of tidal currents and density of large-vessel traffic. Islands with the highest frequency of shipwrecks are all in the eastern Aleutians, including Unimak, Unalaska, and Akun Islands. By contrast, the largest seabird colonies are in the western Aleutian and Pribilof Islands, including Buldir, Kiska, and Saint George islands. Multiplying the frequency of a shipwreck by the number of seabirds breeding per island provides a measure of risk. The risk of rodent introductions from shipwrecks to seabirds was then greatest for Saint George (Bering Sea), Buldir (Western Aleutians) and Saint Matthew islands (Bering Sea). Keeping these high-risk islands rodent free would maintain their high a conservation value. Most islands with a high predicted frequency of shipwrecks already have established rodent populations and therefore few remaining seabirds. Of those islands with established rodent populations, Attu and Kiska Islands would make suitable targets for eradication, given their relatively low expected frequency of shipwrecks for their size. Further improvements in rat prevention on vessels and shipping safety would benefit the economy, human health and safety, and to the long-term conservation of island ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-018-1726-z","usgsCitation":"Renner, M., Nelson, E., Watson, J., Haynie, A., Poe, A., Robards, M.D., and Hess, S.C., 2018, The risk of rodent introductions from shipwrecks to seabirds on Aleutian and Bering Sea islands: Biological Invasions, v. 20, no. 9, p. 2679-2690, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1726-z.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2679","endPage":"2690","ipdsId":"IP-090330","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356983,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -188.08593749999997,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -153.369140625,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -153.369140625,\n 60.80206374467983\n ],\n [\n -188.08593749999997,\n 60.80206374467983\n ],\n [\n -188.08593749999997,\n 50.62507306341435\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a26ce4b0702d0e842ea2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Renner, Martin","contributorId":198248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renner","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Eric","contributorId":140476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Eric","affiliations":[{"id":13511,"text":"Cornell Univesity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watson, Jordan","contributorId":198249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watson","given":"Jordan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haynie, Alan","contributorId":198250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haynie","given":"Alan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Poe, Aaron","contributorId":198251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poe","given":"Aaron","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robards, Martin D.","contributorId":40148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robards","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hess, Steve C. 0000-0001-6403-9922 shess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-9922","contributorId":150366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steve","email":"shess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70198528,"text":"ofr20181127 - 2018 - Southern Rockies Landscape Conservation Cooperative unit watershed erosion potential prioritization for check-dam installation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T10:38:08","indexId":"ofr20181127","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-31T09:15:57","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1127","title":"Southern Rockies Landscape Conservation Cooperative unit watershed erosion potential prioritization for check-dam installation","docAbstract":"Changes in land-use practices and the extirpation (local extinction) of beaver populations in the early 20th century during European settlement are believed to have resulted in many changes in how streams in the Western United States function. Some of the negative changes that have resulted include stream channelization, soil erosion, changing vegetation, water turbidity, and a loss of overland flow. Efforts to restore streams and reduce soil erosion by water have included reintroductions of beaver, incorporating Native American traditional knowledge of dry-land farming techniques, and the installation of rigid check-dams. Many of these efforts have been successful in improving both intermittent and perennial stream function. Therefore, stakeholders in the Southern Rockies Landscape Conservation Cooperative (SRLCC) have identified a need to prioritize streams within their region of interest for the installation of check-dams to continue restoration and conservation efforts and to improve sediment catchment.
Using Natural Resource Conservation Service soil databases, topographic features derived from digital elevation models, stream networks, and regional climatic patterns, I developed a ranking system for watershed potential erosion rates and suitability for check-dam placement across the SRLCC. This ranking system serves as a first step for land managers to prioritize areas for check-dam installation based on relatively static factors (soil properties, topography, and hydrology) that can contribute to rates of soil erosion by water and the stability of check-dams. Many other relatively dynamic factors over time can contribute to rates of soil erosion by water, such as recent wildfire events, changes in weather patterns and extreme climate events, and changing land-use such as grazing, logging, mining, development, and cultivation. These factors that influence vegetative and biological soil crusts cover are also important elements to the potential erosion of soil by water. Because of this, SRLCC stakeholders might consider further evaluation of the watersheds identified here as high ranking. Final watershed prioritization among the high-ranking watersheds identified here should include current knowledge of land-use and land-cover estimates to identify areas at risk for soil erosion or degree of existing erosion problems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181127","usgsCitation":"Ironside, K.E., 2018, Southern Rockies Landscape Conservation Cooperative unit watershed erosion potential prioritization for check-dam installation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1127, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181127.","productDescription":"Report: v, 15 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-096570","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356855,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9SEUC93","text":"Data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Watershed potential erosion rate ranking system and check-dam placement suitability data within the Southern Rockies Landscape Conservation Cooperative (SRLCC)"},{"id":356853,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1127/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":356854,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1127/ofr20181127.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1127"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.173197,\n 32.416412\n ],\n [\n -103.499364,\n 32.416412\n ],\n [\n -103.499364,\n 43.335375\n ],\n [\n -116.173197,\n 43.335375\n ],\n [\n -116.173197,\n 32.416412\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"SBSC Staff,
Southwest Biological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2255 N. Gemini Drive
Flagstaff, AZ 86001