{"pageNumber":"365","pageRowStart":"9100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10450,"records":[{"id":2002364,"text":"2002364 - 1988 - Determinants of breeding distributions of ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T13:29:17","indexId":"2002364","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3773,"text":"Wildlife Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determinants of breeding distributions of ducks","docAbstract":"The settling of breeding habitat by migratory waterfowl is a topic of both theoretical and practical interest. We use the results of surveys conducted annually during 1955-81 in major breeding areas to examine the factors that affect the distributions of 10 common North American duck species. Three patterns of settling are described: homing, opportunistic, and flexible. Homing is generally more pronounced among species that use more stable (more predictable) wetlands, such as the redhead (Aythya americana), canvasback (A. valisineria), lesser scaup (A. affinis), mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), gadwall (Anas strepera), and northern shoveler (Anas clypeata). Opportunistic settling is more prevalent among species that use less stable (less predictable) wetlands, such as northern pintail (Anas acuta) and blue-winged teal (Anas discors). Flexible settling is exhibited to various degrees by most species.The 10 species are shown to fall along a natural ordination reflecting different life history characteristics. Average values of indices of r- and K-selection indicated that pintail, mallard, blue-winged teal, and shoveler have the most features associated with unstable or unpredictable environments. Gadwall, American wigeon (Anas americana), and green-winged teal (Anas crecca) were intermediate, and attributes of the diving ducks were associated with the use of stable or predictable environments.Some species--notably mallard, gadwall, blue-winged teal, redhead, and canvasback--tend to fill available breeding habitat first in the central portions of their range, and secondly in peripheral areas. Other species--American wigeon, green-winged teal, northern shoveler, northern pintail, and lesser scaup--fill their habitat in the order it is encountered during spring migration.Age and sex classes within species vary in their settling pattern. Some of this variation can be predicted from the mating systems of ducks in which breeding females, especially successful ones, have a greater investment in habitat resources and are more likely to return to the same area in subsequent years.","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., and Grier, J., 1988, Determinants of breeding distributions of ducks: Wildlife Monographs, v. 100, 37 p.","productDescription":"37 p.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199140,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6679a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grier, J.W.","contributorId":33277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grier","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013681,"text":"70013681 - 1988 - The Whittier Narrows, California earthquake of October 1, 1987: Preliminary assessment of strong ground motion records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-29T15:01:04.24353","indexId":"70013681","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Whittier Narrows, California earthquake of October 1, 1987: Preliminary assessment of strong ground motion records","docAbstract":"

More than 250 strong-motion accelerograph stations were triggered by the Whittier Narrows, California, earthquake of 1 October 1987. Considering the number of multichannel structural stations in the area of strong shaking, this set of records is one of the more significant in history. Three networks, operated by the U.S. Geological Survey, the California Division of Mines and Geology, and the University of Southern California produced the majority of the records. The excellent performance of the instruments in these and the smaller arrays is attributable to the quality of the maintenance programs and their funding and personnel requirements. Readiness for a magnitude 8 event is directly related to these maintenance programs. Prior to computer analysis of the analog film records, a number of important structural resonant modes can be identified, and frequencies and simple mode shapes have been scaled. The structural records form a basic performance measurement for comparison with larger earthquake response in the future.

","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","doi":"10.1193/1.1585465","usgsCitation":"Brady, A., Etheredge, E.C., and Porcella, R.L., 1988, The Whittier Narrows, California earthquake of October 1, 1987: Preliminary assessment of strong ground motion records: Earthquake Spectra, v. 4, no. 1, p. 55-74, https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1585465.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"74","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220214,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Los Angeles basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.66776592366908,\n 34.37671218769654\n ],\n [\n -118.66776592366908,\n 33.71018161678026\n ],\n [\n -117.8213434794263,\n 33.71018161678026\n ],\n [\n -117.8213434794263,\n 34.37671218769654\n ],\n [\n -118.66776592366908,\n 34.37671218769654\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc3a8e4b08c986b32b2dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brady, A. G.","contributorId":61794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"A. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Etheredge, E. C.","contributorId":8108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Etheredge","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Porcella, R. L.","contributorId":102869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porcella","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013719,"text":"70013719 - 1988 - Intermediate-term, pre-earthquake phenomena in California, 1975-1986, and preliminary forecast of seismicity for the next decade","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:39","indexId":"70013719","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3209,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intermediate-term, pre-earthquake phenomena in California, 1975-1986, and preliminary forecast of seismicity for the next decade","docAbstract":"Intermediate-term observations preceding earthquakes of magnitude 5.7 or greater in California from 1975 through 1986 suggest that: (1) The sudden appearance of earthquakes in a previously inactive area indicates an increased likelihood of a significant earthquake in that area for a period from days to years; (2) these larger earthquakes tend to occur towards the ends of creeping fault segments; (3) one large earthquake in a region increases the likelihood of a subsequent significant event in the adjacent area; and (4) marginal evidence for the occurrence of a regional deformation event suggests that such events increase the probability of earthquake occurrence throughout the entire area. A common element in many of these observed patterns appears to be the transmission and amplification of tectonic stress changes by the mechanism of fault creep, and suggests that surface fault creep is a sensitive indicator of changes in stress. The preceding critieria are used to construct a preliminary 'forecast' of the likely locations of significant earthquakes over the next decade. ?? 1988 Birkha??user Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Birkha??user-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00879005","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Wesson, R.L., and Nicholson, C., 1988, Intermediate-term, pre-earthquake phenomena in California, 1975-1986, and preliminary forecast of seismicity for the next decade: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, v. 126, no. 2-4, p. 407-446, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00879005.","startPage":"407","endPage":"446","numberOfPages":"40","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":204992,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879005"},{"id":219937,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"126","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d29e4b0c8380cd63356","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wesson, R. L.","contributorId":51752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicholson, C.","contributorId":39118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013720,"text":"70013720 - 1988 - The radiocarbon budget for Mono Lake: An unsolved mystery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-09T15:54:29.37048","indexId":"70013720","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The radiocarbon budget for Mono Lake: An unsolved mystery","docAbstract":"

Since 1957 the 14C/C ratio of the dissolved inorganic carbon in Mono Lake has risen by about 60‰. The magnitude of this increase is about four times larger than that expected from the invasion of bomb-produced14C from the atmosphere. We have eliminated the following explanations: (1) measurement error, (2) an unusually high physical exchange rate for non-reactive gases, (3) inorganic enhancement of the CO2 exchange rate, and (4) biological enhancement of the CO2 exchange rate. Clandestine disposal of waste radiocarbon remains a dark-horse explanation.

In the course of our investigations we have uncovered evidence for at least one episodic input of radiocarbon-free carbon to the lake over the last 1000 years. We speculate that this injection was related to a hydrothermal event resulting from sublacustrine volcanic activity.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(88)90042-8","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Broecker, W., Wanninkhof, R., Mathieu, G., Peng, T., Stine, S., Robinson, S., Herczeg, A., and Stuiver, M., 1988, The radiocarbon budget for Mono Lake: An unsolved mystery: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 88, no. 1-2, p. 16-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(88)90042-8.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"26","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219995,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baef0e4b08c986b324432","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broecker, W.S.","contributorId":95195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broecker","given":"W.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wanninkhof, R.","contributorId":74511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanninkhof","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mathieu, G.","contributorId":105850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mathieu","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peng, T.-H.","contributorId":102201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"T.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stine, S.","contributorId":24089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stine","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robinson, S.","contributorId":83055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Herczeg, A.","contributorId":58390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herczeg","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stuiver, M.","contributorId":54730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuiver","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70013770,"text":"70013770 - 1988 - High-resolution 40Ar 39Ar chronology of Oligocene volcanic rocks, San Juan Mountains, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-03T16:17:04.506734","indexId":"70013770","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"High-resolution 40Ar 39Ar chronology of Oligocene volcanic rocks, San Juan Mountains, Colorado","title":"High-resolution 40Ar 39Ar chronology of Oligocene volcanic rocks, San Juan Mountains, Colorado","docAbstract":"

The central San Juan caldera complex consists of seven calderas from which eight major ash-flow tuffs were erupted during a period of intense volcanic activity that lasted for approximately 2 m.y. about 26–28 Ma. The analytical precision of conventional K-Ar dating in this time interval is not sufficient to unambiguously resolve this complex history. However, 40Ar39Ar\">40Ar39Ar incremental-heating experiments provide data for a high-resolution chronology that is consistent with stratigraphie relations. Weighted-mean age-spectrum plateau ages of biotite and sanidine are the most precise with standard deviations ranging from 0.08 to 0.21 m.y. The pooled estimate of standard deviation for the plateau ages of 12 minerals is about 0.5 percent or about 125,000 to 135,000 years. Age measurements on coexisting minerals from one tuff and on two samples of each of two other tuffs indicate that a precision in the age of a tuff of better than 100,000 years can be achieved at 27 Ma. New data indicate that the San Luis caldera is the youngest caldera in the central complex, not the Creede caldera as previously thought.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(88)90212-8","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Lanphere, M.A., 1988, High-resolution 40Ar 39Ar chronology of Oligocene volcanic rocks, San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 52, no. 6, p. 1425-1434, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(88)90212-8.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1425","endPage":"1434","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219998,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a30f9e4b0c8380cd5db07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lanphere, M. A.","contributorId":35298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014296,"text":"70014296 - 1988 - National water-quality assessment: Future directions of the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T14:29:30","indexId":"70014296","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3718,"text":"Water Resources Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-1370","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"National water-quality assessment: Future directions of the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"Throughout U.S. history, the Nation has made major investments in assessing natural resources, such as soils, minerals, and hydrocarbons. The maintenance and the improvement of water quality has been one of the major areas of public investment and government regulation. One of the contributions the U.S. Geological Survey proposes to make is to provide a strong, high quality National Water-Quality Assessment Program to underpin and unify the Nation's water-quality activities. Such an assessment program will satisfy a decisive share of the attainable, national scale, water quality information objectives.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1988.tb03032.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"Cohen, P., Alley, W., and Wilber, W.G., 1988, National water-quality assessment: Future directions of the U.S. Geological Survey: Water Resources Bulletin, v. 24, no. 6, p. 1147-1151, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1988.tb03032.x.","startPage":"1147","endPage":"1151","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":267752,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1988.tb03032.x"},{"id":226078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6291e4b0c8380cd71fad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cohen, Philip","contributorId":61576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"Philip","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alley, William M.","contributorId":93030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alley","given":"William M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilber, William G. wgwilber@usgs.gov","contributorId":297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilber","given":"William","email":"wgwilber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":368061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014330,"text":"70014330 - 1988 - Concentration of gold in natural waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-17T23:48:29.151242","indexId":"70014330","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentration of gold in natural waters","docAbstract":"

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the amount of gold present in natural waters. One hundred and thirty-two natural water samples were collected from various sources and analyzed for gold by the latest techniques. Background values for gold in natural waters range from <0.001 to 0.005 ppb, and anomalous values range from 0.010 to 2.8 ppb. Waters collected from mineralized areas have a mean gold value of 0.101 ppb, whereas waters collected from unmineralized areas have a mean of 0.002 ppb. Some of the high gold values reported in the earlier literature were probably due to interferences by high salt content in the sample and/or lack of proper filter procedures.




","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(88)90051-9","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"McHugh, J.B., 1988, Concentration of gold in natural waters: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 30, no. 1-3, p. 85-94, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(88)90051-9.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225569,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f980e4b0c8380cd4d633","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McHugh, J. B.","contributorId":79462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014341,"text":"70014341 - 1988 - Retardations in fault creep rates before local moderate earthquakes along the San Andreas fault system, central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:29","indexId":"70014341","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3209,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Retardations in fault creep rates before local moderate earthquakes along the San Andreas fault system, central California","docAbstract":"Records of shallow aseismic slip (fault creep) obtained along parts of the San Andreas and Calaveras faults in central California demonstrate that significant changes in creep rates often have been associated with local moderate earthquakes. An immediate postearthquake increase followed by gradual, long-term decay back to a previous background rate is generally the most obvious earthquake effect on fault creep. This phenomenon, identified as aseismic afterslip, usually is characterized by above-average creep rates for several months to a few years. In several cases, minor step-like movements, called coseismic slip events, have occurred at or near the times of mainshocks. One extreme case of coseismic slip, recorded at Cienega Winery on the San Andreas fault 17.5 km southeast of San Juan Bautista, consisted of 11 mm of sudden displacement coincident with earthquakes of ML=5.3 and ML=5.2 that occurred 2.5 minutes apart on 9 April 1961. At least one of these shocks originated on the main fault beneath the winery. Creep activity subsequently stopped at the winery for 19 months, then gradually returned to a nearly steady rate slightly below the previous long-term average. The phenomena mentioned above can be explained in terms of simple models consisting of relatively weak material along shallow reaches of the fault responding to changes in load imposed by sudden slip within the underlying seismogenic zone. In addition to coseismic slip and afterslip phenomena, however, pre-earthquake retardations in creep rates also have been observed. Onsets of significant, persistent decreases in creep rates have occurred at several sites 12 months or more before the times of moderate earthquakes. A 44-month retardation before the 1979 ML=5.9 Coyote Lake earthquake on the Calaveras fault was recorded at the Shore Road creepmeter site 10 km northwest of Hollister. Creep retardation on the San Andreas fault near San Juan Bautista has been evident in records from one creepmeter site for the past 5 years. Retardations with durations of 21 and 19 months also occurred at Shore Road before the 1974 and 1984 earthquakes of ML=5.2 and ML=6.2, respectively. Although creep retardation remains poorly understood, several possible explanations have been discussed previously. (1) Certain onsets of apparent creep retardation may be explained as abrupt terminations of afterslip generated from previous moderate-mainshock sequences. (2) Retardations may be related to significant decreases in the rate of seismic and/or aseismic slip occurring within or beneath the underlying seismogenic zone. Such decreases may be caused by changes in local conditions related to growth of asperities, strain hardening, or dilatancy, or perhaps by passage of stress-waves or other fluctuations in driving stresses. (3) Finally, creep rates may be lowered (or increased) by stresses imposed on the fault by seismic or aseismic slip on neighboring faults. In addition to causing creep-rate increases or retardations, such fault interactions occasionally may trigger earthquakes. Regardless of the actual mechanisms involved and the current lack of understanding of creep retardation, it appears that shallow fault creep is sensitive to local and regional effects that promote or accompany intermediate-term preparation stages leading to moderate earthquakes. A strategy for more complete monitoring of fault creep, wherever it is known to occur, therefore should be assigned a higher priority in our continuing efforts to test various hypotheses concerning the mechanical relations between seismic and aseismic slip. ?? 1988 Birkha??user Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Birkha??user-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00879008","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Burford, R.O., 1988, Retardations in fault creep rates before local moderate earthquakes along the San Andreas fault system, central California: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, v. 126, no. 2-4, p. 499-529, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00879008.","startPage":"499","endPage":"529","numberOfPages":"31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205660,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879008"},{"id":225829,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"126","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aac03e4b0c8380cd86ae5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burford, Robert O.","contributorId":52560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burford","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014359,"text":"70014359 - 1988 - Elastic-wave propagation and site amplification in the Salt Lake Valley, Utah, from simulated normal faulting earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-28T13:29:14.16058","indexId":"70014359","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elastic-wave propagation and site amplification in the Salt Lake Valley, Utah, from simulated normal faulting earthquakes","docAbstract":"

The two-dimensional seismic response of the Salt Lake valley to near- and far-field earthquakes has been investigated from simulations of vertically incident plane waves and from normal-faulting earthquakes generated on the basin-bounding Wasatch fault. The response to normal faulting earthquakes was simulated using a two-dimensional finite-element method and the plane-wave response was calculated from two-dimensional finite-difference simulations. The plane-wave simulations were then compared with observed site amplifications in the Salt Lake valley, based on seismic recordings from nuclear explosions in southern Nevada, that show 10 times greater amplification within the basin than measured values on hard-rock sites. While previous studies attribute this increased site amplification to the near-surface unconsolidated/consolidated alluvial fill contact, our synthetic seismograms suggest that in the frequency band 0.3 to 1.5 Hz at least one-half the site amplification can be attributed to the impedance contrast between the basin sediments and higher velocity basement rocks. Synthetic seismograms from vertically incident plane-wave sources and buried double-couple sources predict large amplitude Rayleigh-wave propagation from the edges of the basin and, in general, uniform site amplification. In contrast, near-field simulations of basin-bounding, normal-faulting earthquakes predict large-amplitude Rayleigh waves propagating westward from the fault across the basin. Spectra of synthetic accelerograms computed from the normal-faulting earthquakes shows that spectral amplification within the basin is primarily due to source directivity with a maxima near the surface projection of the fault that decays rapidly away from the fault. Importantly, the synthetic modeling of near-field earthquake sources show that near-field directivity effects are important and should be considered in an earthquake hazard assessment of the Salt Lake valley and similar geologic settings along the Wasatch Front.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0780061851","usgsCitation":"Benz, H., and Smith, R.B., 1988, Elastic-wave propagation and site amplification in the Salt Lake Valley, Utah, from simulated normal faulting earthquakes: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 78, no. 6, p. 1851-1874, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0780061851.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1851","endPage":"1874","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226151,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Salt Lake Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.56378026249851,\n 41.01057844273427\n ],\n [\n -112.56378026249851,\n 39.940909170477454\n ],\n [\n -110.98174901249853,\n 39.940909170477454\n ],\n [\n -110.98174901249853,\n 41.01057844273427\n ],\n [\n -112.56378026249851,\n 41.01057844273427\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0883e4b0c8380cd51b5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benz, H.M.","contributorId":21594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, R. B.","contributorId":64589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014360,"text":"70014360 - 1988 - Coastal erosion: Processes, timing and magnitudes at the bluff toe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-15T11:43:05.070734","indexId":"70014360","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coastal erosion: Processes, timing and magnitudes at the bluff toe","docAbstract":"
Five Lake Erie bluffs (one interlaminated clay and silt, three clay-rich diamicts and one shale) were surveyed at about 2-week intervals and after wind storms for up to 5 years. Erosion of the bluff toes along this low-energy coast occurred during northeast wind storms, which produced surges of up to 1 m and surf-zone waves of up to 1.2 m. Wave impact and/or uprush caused quarrying, which removed most of the toe material, and abrasion. There were from 1 to 23 erosion events/sites, with maximum magnitudes of erosion ranging from 12 to 55 cm/event. Timing and magnitude were linked to erodibility, maximum water level, storm surge, storm duration and beach width. A threshold maximum water level and a threshold surge were necessary for erosion. At these thresholds, the beach was submerged and wave energy was directly expended on the toe. Erosion did not take place when there was shorefast ice or when debris slopes shielded the toe from waves. The originally cohesive toe materials are easily eroded when they weather to an essentially noncohesive state. Wave erosion is the crucial erosion process; removal of material from the toe prevents the development of a stable slope.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(88)90121-1","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Carter, C., and Guy, D., 1988, Coastal erosion: Processes, timing and magnitudes at the bluff toe: Marine Geology, v. 84, no. 1-2, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(88)90121-1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226216,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"84","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f781e4b0c8380cd4cb58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, C.H.","contributorId":72140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guy, D.E. Jr.","contributorId":28259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"D.E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014361,"text":"70014361 - 1988 - A climatic-limnologic model of diatom succession for paleolimnological interpretation of varved sediments at Elk Lake, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:28","indexId":"70014361","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2411,"text":"Journal of Paleolimnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A climatic-limnologic model of diatom succession for paleolimnological interpretation of varved sediments at Elk Lake, Minnesota","docAbstract":"Sediment traps placed in the profundal region of Elk Lake, north central Minnesota during the 1979 spring and 1983-84 fall and spring seasons monitored seasonal diatom production for two climatically distinctive periods. The spring of 1979 was one of the coldest and wettest on record. Ice out at Elk Lake was 10 days later than average, and spring circulation was short. Fragilaria crotonensis dominated the late spring and early summer diatom production in association with Synedra and Cyclotella species, perhaps because rates of phosphorus supply were low compared to silica. The winter of 1983-84 was drier than usual, and the early but cold spring of 1984 caused ice out at Elk Lake to be about 1 week earlier than normal. Spring storms promoted a long and full circulation that allowed Stephanodiscus minulutus to bloom, presumably in response to increased phosphorus loading related to deep and vigorous circulation. The two dominant diatoms in Elk Lake, F. crotonensis and S. minutulus may reflect climatic patterns that control lake circulation. The climatically regulated occurrence of these diatoms is generally, but not specifically, comparable to their distribution in lake surface sediments throughout Minnesota. A combination of regional and lake-specific studies on the controls of diatom succession and distribution provides climatic insights for interpreting paleolimnogical records of diatoms. ?? 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Paleolimnology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00196068","issn":"09212728","usgsCitation":"Platt, B.J., 1988, A climatic-limnologic model of diatom succession for paleolimnological interpretation of varved sediments at Elk Lake, Minnesota: Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 1, no. 2, p. 115-131, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00196068.","startPage":"115","endPage":"131","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205689,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196068"},{"id":226217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e345e4b0c8380cd45f14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Platt, Bradbury J.","contributorId":67651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Platt","given":"Bradbury","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014362,"text":"70014362 - 1988 - Origin of metaluminous and alkaline volcanic rocks of the Latir volcanic field, northern Rio Grande rift, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:28","indexId":"70014362","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of metaluminous and alkaline volcanic rocks of the Latir volcanic field, northern Rio Grande rift, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Volcanic rocks of the Latir volcanic field evolved in an open system by crystal fractionation, magma mixing, and crustal assimilation. Early high-SiO2 rhyolites (28.5 Ma) fractionated from intermediate compositionmagmas that did not reach the surface. Most precaldera lavas have intermediate-compositions, from olivine basaltic-andesite (53% SiO2) to quartz latite (67% SiO2). The precaldera intermediate-composition lavas have anomalously high Ni and MgO contents and reversely zoned hornblende and augite phenocrysts, indicating mixing between primitive basalts and fractionated magmas. Isotopic data indicate that all of the intermediate-composition rocks studied contain large crustal components, although xenocrysts are found only in one unit. Inception of alkaline magmatism (alkalic dacite to high-SiO2 peralkaline rhyolite) correlates with, initiation of regional extension approximately 26 Ma ago. The Questa caldera formed 26.5 Ma ago upon eruption of the >500 km3 high-SiO2 peralkaline Amalia Tuff. Phenocryst compositions preserved in the cogenetic peralkaline granite suggest that the Amalia Tuff magma initially formed from a trace element-enriched, high-alkali metaluminous magma; isotopic data suggest that the parental magmas contain a large crustal component. Degassing of water- and halogen-rich alkali basalts may have provided sufficient volatile transport of alkalis and other elements into the overlying silicic magma chamber to drive the Amalia Tuff magma to peralkaline compositions. Trace element variations within the Amalia Tuff itself may be explained solely by 75% crystal fractionation of the observed phenocrysts. Crystal settling, however, is inconsistent with mineralogical variations in the tuff, and crystallization is thought to have occurred at a level below that tapped by the eruption. Spatially associated Miocene (15-11 Ma) lavas did not assimilate large amounts of crust or mix with primitive basaltic magmas. Both mixing and crustal assimilation processes appear to require development of relatively large magma chambers in the crust that are sustained by large basalt fluxes from the mantle. The lack of extensive crustal contamination and mixing in the Miocene lavas may be related to a decreased basalt flux or initiation of blockfaulting that prevented pooling of basaltic magma in the crust. ?? 1988 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00399442","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C., and Lipman, P.W., 1988, Origin of metaluminous and alkaline volcanic rocks of the Latir volcanic field, northern Rio Grande rift, New Mexico: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 100, no. 1, p. 107-128, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00399442.","startPage":"107","endPage":"128","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205690,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399442"},{"id":226218,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a70e5e4b0c8380cd7630c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, C.M.","contributorId":78707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lipman, P. W.","contributorId":93470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"P.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014419,"text":"70014419 - 1988 - A tentative protocol for measurement of radon availability from the ground","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-16T15:31:46.948915","indexId":"70014419","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3223,"text":"Radiation Protection Dosimetry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A tentative protocol for measurement of radon availability from the ground","docAbstract":"

A procedure is being tested in order to determine its suitability for assessing the intrinsic ability of the ground at a particular site to supply 222Rn to a basement structure to be built on the site. Soil gas is sucked from a borehole probe through an alpha scintillation chamber and flow meter by a pump. The permeability of the soil is calculated from the flow rate and the pressure difference between the atmosphere and the borehole at the intake point. The diffusion coefficient is estimated from the water fraction in the soil pores. The upward migration distance for radon in such soil during one mean life is computed from an arbitrary steady pressure difference. This mean migration distance, multiplied by the measured radon concentration, gives the 'radon availability number'. Measurements at sites of known indoor radon concentration suggest that numbers below 2 kBq.m-2 indicate litte chance of elevated indoor radon and above 20 kBq.m-2 indicate that elevated indoor radon is likely. The range of uncertainty and the point-to-point and seasonal variations to be expected are under investigation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a080246","issn":"01448420","usgsCitation":"Tanner, A., 1988, A tentative protocol for measurement of radon availability from the ground: Radiation Protection Dosimetry, v. 24, no. 1-4, p. 79-83, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a080246.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"83","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226222,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e5f5e4b0c8380cd47062","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanner, A.B.","contributorId":44155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014449,"text":"70014449 - 1988 - Geochemistry of some gases in hydrothermal fluids from the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-05T15:00:24.666864","indexId":"70014449","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of some gases in hydrothermal fluids from the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge","docAbstract":"

Five samples of hydrothermal fluids from two vent areas on the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge were analyzed for dissolved gases. Concentrations in the end-member hydrothermal fluid of H2 (270–527 μmol/kg), CH4 (82–118 μmol/kg), and CO2 (3920–4460 μmol/kg) are well above values in ambient seawater and are similar to concentrations reported for other ridge crest hydrothermal systems. The carbon isotopic ratios of the CH4 (δ13C = −17.8 to −20.8) and CO2 (δ13C = −3.6 to −4.7) suggest that at least some of the CH4 and CO2 in the fluids is basalt-derived. The range of δ13C values for the basalt-derived CO2 is −6.8 to −9.7, calculated by assuming conservation of recharge ΣCO2 during hydrothermal circulation. Apparent temperatures of equilibration between the CH4 and the basalt-derived CO2 range from 640°C to 750°C. Small amounts of ethane (C2H6/CH4 ≅ 0.9 × 10−3−2.2 × 10−3), propane, and butane detected in the samples may also have formed in the basalt. One sample of almost pure (95.5%) hydrothermal fluid contained a significant fraction, up to 63% and 74%, respectively, of the recharge Ar and N2. This suggests that the fluid has not undergone extensive vapor-liquid phase separation.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB12p15305","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Evans, W.C., White, L.D., and Rapp, J.B., 1988, Geochemistry of some gases in hydrothermal fluids from the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B12, p. 15305-15313, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB12p15305.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"15305","endPage":"15313","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225706,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"B12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1713e4b0c8380cd55387","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, William C.","contributorId":104903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, L. D.","contributorId":14330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rapp, J. B.","contributorId":28987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rapp","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014709,"text":"70014709 - 1988 - Anomalous shear wave attenuation in the shallow crust beneath the Coso volcanic region, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-05T14:38:46.831799","indexId":"70014709","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anomalous shear wave attenuation in the shallow crust beneath the Coso volcanic region, California","docAbstract":"

We use seismograms of local earthquakes to image relative shear wave attenuation structure in the shallow crust beneath the region containing the Coso volcanic-geothermal area of eastern California. SV and P wave amplitudes were measured from vertical component seismograms of earthquakes that occurred in the Cososouthem Sierra Nevada region from July 1983 to August 1985. Seismograms of 16 small earthquakes show SV amplitudes which are greatly diminished at some azimuths and takeoff angles, indicating strong lateral variations in S wave attenuation in the area. Three-dimensional images of the relative S wave attenuation structure are obtained from forward modeling and a back projection inversion of the amplitude data. The results indicate regions within a 20 by 30 by 10 km volume of the shallow crust (one shallower than 5 km) that severely attenuate SV waves passing through them. These anomalies lie beneath the Indian Wells Valley, 30 km south of the Coso volcanic field, and are coincident with the epicentral locations of recent earthquake swarms. No anomalous attenuation is seen beneath the Coso volcanic field above about 5 km depth. Geologic relations and the coincidence of anomalously slow P wave velocities suggest that the attenuation anomalies may be related to magmatism along the eastern Sierra front.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB04p03321","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Sanders, C., Ho-Liu, P., Rinn, D., and Hiroo, K., 1988, Anomalous shear wave attenuation in the shallow crust beneath the Coso volcanic region, California: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B4, p. 3321-3338, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB04p03321.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"3321","endPage":"3338","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480029,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/jb093ib04p03321","text":"External Repository"},{"id":225654,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"B4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec4be4b0c8380cd4919b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanders, C.","contributorId":91640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ho-Liu, P.","contributorId":36689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ho-Liu","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rinn, D.","contributorId":92436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinn","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hiroo, Kanamori","contributorId":60784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiroo","given":"Kanamori","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70014765,"text":"70014765 - 1988 - Lateral fluid flow in a compacting sand-shale sequence: South Caspian basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-17T16:16:02.129163","indexId":"70014765","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lateral fluid flow in a compacting sand-shale sequence: South Caspian basin","docAbstract":"The South Caspian basin contains both sands and shales that have pore-fluid pressures substantially in excess of hydrostatic fluid pressure. Pore-pressure data from the South Caspian basin demonstrate that large differences in excess hydraulic head exist between sand and shale. The data indicate that sands are acting as drains for overlying and underlying compacting shales and that fluid flows laterally through the sand on a regional scale from the basin interior northward to points of discharge. The major driving force for the fluid movement is shale compaction. We present a first- order mathematical analysis in an effort to test if the permeability of the sands required to support a regional flow system is reasonable. The results of the analysis suggest regional sand permeabilities ranging from 1 to 30 md; a range that seems reasonable. This result supports the thesis that lateral fluid flow is occurring on a regional scale within the South Caspian basin. If vertical conduits for flow exist within the basin, they are sufficiently impermeable and do not provide a major outlet for the regional flow system. The lateral fluid flow within the sands implies that the stratigraphic sequence is divided into horizontal units that are hydraulically isolated from one another, a conclusion that has important implications for oil and gas migration.-Authors","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/703C8EA7-1707-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Bredehoeft, J.D., Djevanshir, R.D., and Belitz, K., 1988, Lateral fluid flow in a compacting sand-shale sequence: South Caspian basin: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 72, no. 4, p. 416-424, https://doi.org/10.1306/703C8EA7-1707-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"416","endPage":"424","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225464,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Azerbaijan, Iran, Russia","otherGeospatial":"South Caspian basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 54.06834519203673,\n 40.49282714086567\n ],\n [\n 49.02617788373277,\n 40.645788735394575\n ],\n [\n 48.264405462685716,\n 37.99132224800374\n ],\n [\n 51.312775955314294,\n 36.11873115433363\n ],\n [\n 54.056679406870785,\n 35.996731328314766\n ],\n [\n 54.83803852512622,\n 37.33443915347493\n ],\n [\n 54.06834519203673,\n 40.49282714086567\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"72","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4570e4b0c8380cd67303","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bredehoeft, John D.","contributorId":298465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bredehoeft","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36206,"text":"Retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":369233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Djevanshir, R. D.","contributorId":80551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Djevanshir","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":369234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014815,"text":"70014815 - 1988 - Response of well aquifer systems to Earth tides: Problem revisited","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-19T17:53:35","indexId":"70014815","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of well aquifer systems to Earth tides: Problem revisited","docAbstract":"

Two recent works cause us to reexamine Bredehoeft's (1967) analysis of earthtide response of water wells. Narasimhan et al. (1984) raise several questions regarding Bredehoeft's (1967) analysis and suggest that the analysis is internally inconsistent. They argue that one cannot directly estimate the specific storage, which characterizes the drained behavior of a porous medium, from earth tide response, which is an undrained phenomenon. We resolve the questions raised by Narasimhan et al. (1984) and show that Bredehoeft's analysis is internally consistent. In addition, we show that it is possible to determine the specific storage from undrained loading. While Bredehoeft's analysis is somewhat heuristic and neglects grain compressibility, Van der Kamp and Gale (1983) present a more rigorous analysis that is based on Biot's (1941) constitutive relationships and accounts for grain compressibility. However, their results reduce to Bredehoeft's results when grains are assumed incompressible. This suggests that Bredehoeft's analysis has incorporated all the essential features of Biot's relationships except for grain compressibility. Upon reexamining Bredehoeft's analysis we find that this is indeed the case.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR024i003p00468","usgsCitation":"Hsieh, P.A., Bredehoeft, J.D., and Rojstaczer, S., 1988, Response of well aquifer systems to Earth tides: Problem revisited: Water Resources Research, v. 24, no. 3, p. 468-472, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR024i003p00468.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"468","endPage":"472","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226181,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa7ce4b0c8380cd8636a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hsieh, Paul A. 0000-0003-4873-4874 pahsieh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-4874","contributorId":1634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"Paul","email":"pahsieh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":39113,"text":"WMA - Office of Quality Assurance","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":369354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bredehoeft, John D.","contributorId":86747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bredehoeft","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rojstaczer, Stuart","contributorId":102101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rojstaczer","given":"Stuart","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1001459,"text":"1001459 - 1988 - The influence of diet quality on clutch size and laying pattern in mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-20T09:56:15","indexId":"1001459","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of diet quality on clutch size and laying pattern in mallards","docAbstract":"

We measured the effect of diet quality on variation in the seasonal pattern of Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) reproduction. Twenty wild-strain hens, consisting of 10 sibling pairs, were maintained in captivity. One sib of each pair was fed an enriched diet, and the other was fed wheat. The wheat diet resulted in reduced clutch size, egg size, laying rate, number of nesting attempts, and total eggs laid. Diet did not affect laying initiation, duration, or the seasonal pattern of change in clutch and egg size with each renest. We believe the variation and pattern observed are adaptations to a highly variable prairie environment where the probability of reproductive success decreases as the season progresses.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Eldridge, J., and Krapu, G., 1988, The influence of diet quality on clutch size and laying pattern in mallards: The Auk, v. 105, no. 1, p. 102-110.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"102","endPage":"110","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341248,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4087333 "}],"volume":"105","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a85e4b07f02db64d5e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eldridge, J.L.","contributorId":82256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eldridge","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krapu, Gary L.","contributorId":56994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krapu","given":"Gary L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1002330,"text":"1002330 - 1988 - Fuelwood production and use in rural Swaziland: a case-study of two communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:50","indexId":"1002330","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fuelwood production and use in rural Swaziland: a case-study of two communities","docAbstract":"Information of fuelwood consumption and the local production of wood was collected in two small rural communities in Swaziland. Fuelwood consumption was estimated to be 0.77 t persona??1 yeara??1 in one community (Sigombeni), and 0.63 t persona??1 in the other (Bhekinkhosi). Bhekinkhosi was found to be experiencing a significant fuelwood production/consumption deficit and it expected that Sigombeni will also experience fuelwood deficits by 1990. Individual farm woodlots provided the largest proportion of annual woody biomass production in both areas, accounting for 45% of all profuction in Sigombeni and 73% in Bhekinkhosi. Thirty-seven percent of all farms in Sigombeni and 23% in Bhekinkhosi had woodlots. Virtually all these woodlots consisted primarily of black or green wattle and were established by direct seeding. Two types of community woodlots were identified a?? those established when the area was a private farm and those established with government assistance. The first type of community woodlots was found only in Sigombeni, where it accounted for at least 20% of annual fuelwood production. Community wooslots established with government assistance were an insignificant source of fuelwood in both areas. At an estimated cost of nearly US $500 haa??1, community woodlots planted with government assistance are far more expensive to establish than individual farm woodlots which require no monetary expenditure, assuming local collection of seed. The results indicate a need to increase the local production of fuelwood in rural Swaziland and that encouraging the establishment of onfarm woodlots may be the most effective means of increasing production.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0378-1127(88)90090-4","usgsCitation":"Allen, J.A., Pimentel, D., and Lasoie, J., 1988, Fuelwood production and use in rural Swaziland: a case-study of two communities: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 25, no. 3-4, p. 239-254, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(88)90090-4.","startPage":"239","endPage":"254","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":15411,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(88)90090-4","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"6871.000000000000000"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b423a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, J. A.","contributorId":82644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pimentel, D.P.","contributorId":19132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pimentel","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lasoie, J.P.","contributorId":36101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lasoie","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70142159,"text":"70142159 - 1988 - NOAA-10 AVHRR thermal-infrared image of the Colorado Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:31:46","indexId":"70142159","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NOAA-10 AVHRR thermal-infrared image of the Colorado Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"

This month we demonstrate an example of the use of thermal infrared imagery to produce a relatively sharp surrogate shaded-relief image. The image shows one aspect of the drama and usefulness of calibrated thermal imagery that (because of compatible projection and pixel size) can be easily combined with other spectral bands of a satellite image. Such data can be enhanced in yet another way by stereoscopically combining two similar images with different orbital paths, such as was shown in the AVHRR column for January 1988.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Gallo, K.P., Quirk, B.K., and Hood, J.J., 1988, NOAA-10 AVHRR thermal-infrared image of the Colorado Rocky Mountains: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 54, no. 6.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"777","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298204,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.061279296875,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -109.061279296875,\n 41.00477542222949\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 41.00477542222949\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -109.061279296875,\n 37.00255267215955\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f597cce4b02419550d2f4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gallo, Kevin P. kgallo@usgs.gov","contributorId":4200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallo","given":"Kevin","email":"kgallo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quirk, Bruce K. quirk@usgs.gov","contributorId":4285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quirk","given":"Bruce","email":"quirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":541643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hood, Joy J. jhood@usgs.gov","contributorId":5510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hood","given":"Joy","email":"jhood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":541644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1003879,"text":"1003879 - 1988 - Hematozoan parasites of Rio Grande wild turkeys from southern Texas (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-13T14:07:09","indexId":"1003879","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hematozoan parasites of Rio Grande wild turkeys from southern Texas (USA)","docAbstract":"

One hundred twenty-three of 300 blood samples (41%) taken from Rio Grande wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo intermedia) from three locations in southern Texas (Welder Wildlife Refuge, Chaparrosa Ranch, and Campo Alegre Ranch) and subinoculated into domestic broad-breasted white turkey poults were positive for a Plasmodium (Novyella) sp. Analysis of blood films from 350 turkeys revealed Haemoproteus meleagridis in 76% of the birds. A significantly greater mean parasite intensity was observed in birds from Welder Wildlife Refuge. Birds from the Campo Alegre Ranch exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of H. meleagridis than birds from Chaparrosa. The Plasmodium sp. was infective for canaries (Serinus canaria), bobwhites (Colinus virginianus), and ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), but would not produce infection in white leghorn chickens (Gallus gallus) or Coturnix quail (Coturnix coturnix). Attempts to infect Culex tarsalis and C. pipiens pipiens were unsuccessful. Asexual erythrocytic synchrony was not observed when blood-induced infections were monitored in two domestic turkey poults every 4 hr for 72 hr. Exoerythrocytic stages were not found upon examination of impression smears and tissue samples taken from brain, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, and bone marrow. The Plasmodium sp. is most similar morphologically to three species in the subgenus Novyella, P. hexamerium, P. vaughani, and P. kempi. The most striking similarities are to P. hexamerium, and involve mean merozoite number, erythrocytic schizont location, and vertebrate host susceptibility. It differs from P. vaughani in being able to infect turkeys and in type of parasitized erythrocytes. Differences to P. kempi include mean merozoite number, and ability to infect pheasants, and its inability to develop inC. pipiens and C. tarsalis.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-24.1.88","usgsCitation":"Castle, M.D., Christensen, B.A., and Rocke, T.E., 1988, Hematozoan parasites of Rio Grande wild turkeys from southern Texas (USA): Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 24, no. 1, p. 88-96, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-24.1.88.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"88","endPage":"96","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480025,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-24.1.88","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":134029,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"San Patricio County, Willacy County, Zavala County","otherGeospatial":"Campo Allegre Ranch, Chaparrosa Ranch, Welder Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.03375244140625,\n 26.30080200905286\n ],\n [\n -97.49267578125,\n 26.30080200905286\n ],\n [\n -97.49267578125,\n 26.61063004014913\n ],\n [\n -98.03375244140625,\n 26.61063004014913\n ],\n [\n -98.03375244140625,\n 26.30080200905286\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.1568603515625,\n 28.815799886487298\n ],\n [\n -99.93438720703125,\n 28.815799886487298\n ],\n [\n -99.93438720703125,\n 29.104176683949984\n ],\n [\n -100.1568603515625,\n 29.104176683949984\n ],\n [\n -100.1568603515625,\n 28.815799886487298\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689908","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Castle, Marc D.","contributorId":96232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castle","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christensen, Beth A.","contributorId":36523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Beth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1014003,"text":"1014003 - 1988 - Growth, carcass composition, and taste of rainbow trout of different strains fed diets containing primarily plant or animal protein","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-08T16:46:12.523687","indexId":"1014003","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth, carcass composition, and taste of rainbow trout of different strains fed diets containing primarily plant or animal protein","docAbstract":"

Ten rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) strains were evaluated during early growth from 30 g to 250 g on two diets — one based on plant protein (soybean and cottonseed meal) and the other on animal protein (fish meal). Diets were formulated to be nutritionally isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Fish were fed identical starter diets until they weighed 30 g. Significant differences in growth rate were found attributable to fish strain. Differences associated with diet were nonsignificant. Percent dress-out data based on eviscerated weight, deboned weight, and fillet weight also showed significant differences in yield attributable to fish strain, but not to diet. Carcass composition varied among strains, but none of the differences could be attributed to diet. Organoleptic tests showed no differences in flesh acceptability associated with either fish strain or diet, and all trout tested were equally acceptable to human taste panels.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0044-8486(88)90115-9","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.R., Kincaid, H.L., Regenstein, J.M., and Rumsey, G.L., 1988, Growth, carcass composition, and taste of rainbow trout of different strains fed diets containing primarily plant or animal protein: Aquaculture, v. 70, no. 4, p. 309-321, https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(88)90115-9.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"321","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129752,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db655551","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, R. R.","contributorId":31699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kincaid, H. L.","contributorId":21891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kincaid","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Regenstein, J. M.","contributorId":100327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regenstein","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rumsey, G. L.","contributorId":80604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rumsey","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70013343,"text":"70013343 - 1988 - The development of the continental margin of eastern North America-conjugate continental margin to West Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-27T01:24:09.489309","indexId":"70013343","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2147,"text":"Journal of African Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The development of the continental margin of eastern North America-conjugate continental margin to West Africa","docAbstract":"

The continental margin of eastern North America was initiated when West Africa and North America were rifted apart in Triassic-Early Jurassic time. Cooling of the crust and its thinning by rifting and extension caused subsidence. Variation in amounts of subsidence led to formation of five basins. These are listed from south to north. (1) The Blake Plateau Basin, the southernmost, is the widest basin and the one in which the rift-stage basement took longest to form. Carbonate platform deposition was active and persisted until the end of Early Cretaceous. In Late Cretaceous, deposition slowed while subsidence persisted, so a deep water platform was formed. Since the Paleocene the region has undergone erosion. (2) The Carolina Trough is narrow and has relatively thin basement, on the basis of gravity modeling. The two basins with thin basement, the Carolina Trough and Scotian Basin, also show many salt diapirs indicating considerable deposition of salt during their early evolution. In the Carolina Trough, subsidence of a large block of strata above the flowing salt has resulted in a major, active normal fault on the landward side of the basin. (3) The Baltimore Canyon Trough has an extremely thick sedimentary section; synrift and postrift sediments exceed 18 km in thickness. A Jurassic reef is well developed on the basin's seaward side, but post-Jurassic deposition was mainly non-carbonate. In general the conversion from carbonate to terrigenous deposition, characteristics of North American Basins, occurred progressively earlier toward the north. (4) The Georges Bank Basin has a complicated deep structure of sub-basins filled with thick synrift deposits. This may have resulted from some shearing that occurred at this offset of the continental margin. Postrift sediments apparently are thin compared to other basins—only about 8 km. (5) The Scotian Basin, off Canada, contains Jurassic carbonate rocks, sandstone, shale and coal covered by deltaic deposits and Upper Cretaceous deeper water chalk and shale.


","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0899-5362(88)90080-2","issn":"08995362","usgsCitation":"Dillon, W.P., Schlee, J.S., and Klitgord, K.D., 1988, The development of the continental margin of eastern North America-conjugate continental margin to West Africa: Journal of African Earth Sciences, v. 7, no. 2, p. 361-367, https://doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(88)90080-2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"367","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219975,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baaa8e4b08c986b3228f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dillon, William P. bdillon@usgs.gov","contributorId":79820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"William","email":"bdillon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":365854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schlee, J. S.","contributorId":68337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlee","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klitgord, Kim D.","contributorId":82307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klitgord","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":365853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013644,"text":"70013644 - 1988 - Generation of pyroclastic flows and surges by hot-rock avalanches from the dome of Mount St. Helens volcano, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-11T11:57:24","indexId":"70013644","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Generation of pyroclastic flows and surges by hot-rock avalanches from the dome of Mount St. Helens volcano, USA","docAbstract":"

Several hot-rock avalanches have occurred during the growth of the composite dome of Mount St. Helens, Washington between 1980 and 1987. One of these occurred on 9 May 1986 and produced a fan-shaped avalanche deposit of juvenile dacite debris together with a more extensive pyroclastic-flow deposit. Laterally thinning deposits and abrasion and baking of wooden and plastic objects show that a hot ash-cloud surge swept beyond the limits of the pyroclastic flow. Plumes that rose 2-3 km above the dome and vitric ash that fell downwind of the volcano were also effects of this event, but no explosion occurred. All the facies observed originated from a single avalanche. Erosion and melting of craterfloor snow by the hot debris caused debris flows in the crater, and a small flood that carried juvenile and other clasts north of the crater. A second, broadly similar event occurred in October 1986. Larger events of this nature could present a significant volcanic hazard. ?? 1988 Springer-Verlag.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF01047505","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Mellors, R., Waitt, R., and Swanson, D.A., 1988, Generation of pyroclastic flows and surges by hot-rock avalanches from the dome of Mount St. Helens volcano, USA: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, no. 1, p. 14-25, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01047505.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1555e4b0c8380cd54d74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mellors, R.A.","contributorId":36679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mellors","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waitt, R. B.","contributorId":78766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waitt","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, D. A.","contributorId":34102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013648,"text":"70013648 - 1988 - Comprehensive method of characteristics models for flow simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-12T21:44:10.648175","indexId":"70013648","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comprehensive method of characteristics models for flow simulation","docAbstract":"

The use of the specified time interval (STI) numerical schemes has been popular in applying the method of characteristics (MOC) to unsteady open‐channel flow problems. Studies and analyses of several variants of the STI schemes have led to the derivation of a new scheme, referred to herein as the multimode scheme, which combines implicit, temporal reachback, spatial reachback, and classical schemes into one. Three numerical models have been developed to implement the implicit and multimode schemes. The IMOCDS model uses an implicit scheme, with which the time step is no longer subject to the Courant constraint. The remaining two models, NEWMOC and SPRMOC, are two versions of the multimode scheme. The NEWMOC and SPRMOC models demonstrate all the advantages previously provided by individual STI schemes, cover the combined flow range of the various schemes involved, and, in addition, display newly acquired benefits such as robustness. Numerical analyses, numerical experiments, and field applications that verify, support, and demonstrate the enhanced model capabilities are presented.

","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1988)114:9(1074)","issn":"07339429","usgsCitation":"Lai, C., 1988, Comprehensive method of characteristics models for flow simulation: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 114, no. 9, p. 1074-1097, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1988)114:9(1074).","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1074","endPage":"1097","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220551,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2dce4b0c8380cd4b435","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lai, Chintu","contributorId":16860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lai","given":"Chintu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}