{"pageNumber":"365","pageRowStart":"9100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10957,"records":[{"id":5221630,"text":"5221630 - 1980 - Lead residues in eastern tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americanum) and their host plant (Prunus serotina) close to a major highway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-23T16:56:32.757127","indexId":"5221630","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:23","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1536,"text":"Environmental Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Lead residues in eastern tent caterpillars (<i>Malacosoma americanum</i>) and their host plant (<i>Prunus serotina</i>) close to a major highway","title":"Lead residues in eastern tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americanum) and their host plant (Prunus serotina) close to a major highway","docAbstract":"<p><span>Eastern tent caterpillars,&nbsp;</span><i>Malacosoma americanum</i><span>&nbsp;(F.) (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), and leaves of their host plant, black cherry,&nbsp;</span><i>Prunus serotina</i><span>&nbsp;Ehrh., were collected in May, 1978, at various distances from the Baltimore-Washington Parkway, Prince George's Co., MD, and were analyzed for lead by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Caterpillars collected within 10 m of the parkway contained 7.1–7.4 ppm lead (dry weight). Caterpillars collected at greater distances from the parkway and from a control area had lead concentrations ca. half as high (2.6–5.3 ppm). Lead concentrations in caterpillars averaged 76% as high as those in leaves and were much lower than concentrations that have been reported in some roadside soil and litter invertebrates.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/ee/9.1.10","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W., and Moore, J., 1980, Lead residues in eastern tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americanum) and their host plant (Prunus serotina) close to a major highway: Environmental Entomology, v. 9, no. 1, p. 10-12, https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/9.1.10.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197459,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Prince George's 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N. 0000-0002-8911-9141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":55379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, John","contributorId":331062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5221574,"text":"5221574 - 1980 - Organochlorine pollutants in small cetaceans from the Pacific and south Atlantic Oceans, November 1968-June 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-21T19:24:21","indexId":"5221574","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine pollutants in small cetaceans from the Pacific and south Atlantic Oceans, November 1968-June 1976","docAbstract":"Organochlorine residues were analyzed in blubber, brain, or muscle tissues of 69 individuals representing 10 species of small cetaceans. Collections were made from November 1968 through June 1976 at localities in the Eastern Tropical Pacific and along the coasts of California, Hawaii, Japan, and Uruguay, Relations of residue concentrations between tissues are described for DDE and PCBs in two dolphin species. sigma DDT and PCB residues in blubber of most of the 19 individuals of the five southern California species sampled exceed concentrations that are associated with reproductive impairment in pinnipeds, although the nature of such associations is not well defined. The sigma DDT residue of 2,695 ppm in blubber of one California coastal Tursiops truncatus is one of the highest concentrations reported in tissues of members of any population of wild mammals. Except for one rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis) from Maui, Hawaii, all individuals from all localities surveyed were contaminated with organochlorine compounds. Seventeen different organochlorines were detected; greatest diversity occurred near Japan and California. This is the first report of several of these compounds in tissues of any species of marine mammals. The o,p'-isomers and metabolites of DDT were detected unusually frequently. Ratios of p,p'-DDT to p,p'-DDE in blubber of cetaceans from waters off countries where use of this pesticide has been relatively recent and ongoing were at least an order of magnitude higher than in cetaceans from United States waters.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Federal Working Group on Pest Management","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"O'Shea, T., Brownell, R., Clark, D.R., Walker, W., Gay, M.L., and Lamont, T.G., 1980, Organochlorine pollutants in small cetaceans from the Pacific and south Atlantic Oceans, November 1968-June 1976: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 14, no. 2, p. 35-46.","productDescription":"35-46","startPage":"35","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267908,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26096865"},{"id":193386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a78a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Shea, T. J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":50100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brownell, R.L. Jr.","contributorId":72332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownell","given":"R.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, D. R. Jr.","contributorId":40928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"D.","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walker, W.A.","contributorId":66795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gay, M. L.","contributorId":91191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lamont, T. G.","contributorId":51252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":5221586,"text":"5221586 - 1980 - Organochlorine residues and shell thickness in eggs of the clapper rail, common gallinule, purple gallinule, and limpkin (Class Aves), eastern and southern United States, 1972-74","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-21T19:27:33","indexId":"5221586","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine residues and shell thickness in eggs of the clapper rail, common gallinule, purple gallinule, and limpkin (Class Aves), eastern and southern United States, 1972-74","docAbstract":"Organochlorine residues and shell thicknesses were surveyed in eggs of the clapper rail (Rallus longirostris), purple gallinule (Porphyrula martinica), common gallinule (Gallinula chloropas), and limpkin (Aramus guarauna) from the eastern and southern United States. Clapper rail eggs were collected during 1972-73 in New Jersey, Virginia, and South Carolina. During 1973-74, gallinule eggs were collected in Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana, and limpkin eggs were collected in Florida. Egg contents were analyzed for residues of organochlorine pesticides, including DDT, TDE, DDE, dieldrin, mirex, heptachlor epoxide, oxychlordane, cis-chlordane (and/or trans-nonachlor), cis-nonachlor, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), toxaphene, and endrin, and for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Shell thicknesses of recent eggs of these species were compared with archival eggs that had been collected before 1947. With the exception of the limpkin, the majority of eggs analyzed contained residues of p,p'-DDE and PCBs. Geometric means ranged from 0.10 ppm to 1.3 ppm. Small amounts (less than 1.0 ppm) of mirex, dieldrin, cis-chlordane (and/or trans-nonachlor), TDE, and DDT were detected in a few eggs. No evidence of eggshell thinning was found for any of the species studied. DDE residues in clapper rail eggs were higher in New Jersey and Virginia than in South Carolina.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Federal Working Group on Pest Management","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Klaas, E., Ohlendorf, H.M., and Cromartie, E., 1980, Organochlorine residues and shell thickness in eggs of the clapper rail, common gallinule, purple gallinule, and limpkin (Class Aves), eastern and southern United States, 1972-74: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 14, no. 3, p. 90-94.","productDescription":"90-94","startPage":"90","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267910,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26096924"},{"id":196672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a750","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klaas, Erwin E.","contributorId":21487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaas","given":"Erwin E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ohlendorf, H. M.","contributorId":28194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlendorf","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cromartie, E.","contributorId":13926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cromartie","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5210244,"text":"5210244 - 1980 - Monitoring migrant shorebird populations in the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:14","indexId":"5210244","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"33","title":"Monitoring migrant shorebird populations in the eastern United States","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bird Populations--A Litmus Test of the Environment. Proceedings of the Mid-Atlantic Natural History Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Howe, M., 1980, Monitoring migrant shorebird populations in the eastern United States, chap. <i>of</i> Bird Populations--A Litmus Test of the Environment. Proceedings of the Mid-Atlantic Natural History Symposium, p. 23-24.","productDescription":"48","startPage":"23","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"48","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699108","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lynch, James F.","contributorId":112847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506170,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Howe, M.A.","contributorId":70462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howe","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012110,"text":"70012110 - 1980 - First-order analysis of deformation of a thrust sheet moving over a ramp","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-29T15:04:49.1749","indexId":"70012110","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"First-order analysis of deformation of a thrust sheet moving over a ramp","docAbstract":"<p>John L. Rich introduced the revolutionary concept that many folds in the Appalachian Mountains can be explained as superficial structures formed by passive translation of thrust blocks over ramps in detachment surfaces. The amount of layer-parallel shortening can be negligible in the formation of these folds. Rich primarily was concerned with an explanation for the Powell Valley anticline, in the southern Appalachians, but the essential kinematic features of his model of folding have been verified in other folds in the Appalachians, in the Canadian Rockies, in the Idaho-Wyoming thrust belt, and in the Pyrenees. In this paper we solve the boundary-value problem for an idealized thrust block moving over a detachment surface and ramp with zero drag, and produce theoretical fold forms in the thrust block that closely resemble those in Rich's idealized model. The anticline is narrow and rounded if the translation is small, and broad and flat-topped if the translation is large. The limbs of the anticline are symmetric. We also incorporate drag along the ramp part of the detachment surface in order to derive a possible explanation for the asymmetry of dips of the two limbs of the Powell Valley anticline. We show that drag can explain the asymmetry, particularly if drag between relatively competent rocks in opposition at the ramp caused an initial anticline to form as the thrust block began to move, and then drag reduced markedly as relatively soft shales at the base of the block were thrust over competent rocks in the ramp. The existence of the initial anticline should be reflected in asymmetry of the two limbs and in a bulge at the distal edge of the broad anticline.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(80)90276-0","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Berger, P., and Johnson, A.M., 1980, First-order analysis of deformation of a thrust sheet moving over a ramp: Tectonophysics, v. 70, no. 3-4, p. T9-T24, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(80)90276-0.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"T9","endPage":"T24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221990,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"eastern United States, southern Appalachian Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.19179263100064,\n              39.038997951670694\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.3145804819682,\n              35.30956856895179\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.13495738343977,\n              34.614574047357905\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.04298728715335,\n              33.80528083790351\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.08231983700733,\n              34.25686032887502\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.1584379511874,\n              37.402563303945264\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.28591496451956,\n              38.84750834284074\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.19179263100064,\n              39.038997951670694\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"70","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a106ce4b0c8380cd53c74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berger, Philip","contributorId":61165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"Philip","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Arvid M.","contributorId":99547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Arvid","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":21655,"text":"ofr802003 - 1980 - Chemical analysis of 659 coal samples from the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-28T17:51:41.576003","indexId":"ofr802003","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-2003","title":"Chemical analysis of 659 coal samples from the eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p>This report includes the analytical data on 659 coal samples from 8 States east of the Mississippi River. The number of samples from each State are: Pennsylvania, 132; Ohio, 101; Maryland, 25; West Virginia, 254; Virginia, 33; Indiana, 49; Massachusetts, 5; and Rhode Island, 10. The analytic data are filed in the National Coal Resource Data System of the U.S. Geological Survey.</p><p>The U.S. Geological Survey has quantitatively determined 35 major, minor, and trace elements in each sample. Tests were also made for 35 other trace elements using semi-quantitative spectrographic methods. In addition, the Coal Analysis Section of the U.S. Department of Energy has determined proximate and ultimate analyses, 3cu, forms of sulfur, free-swelling indexes, and ash-fusion temperatures on 563 of the 659 samples.</p><p>Comparison of the geometric means of the 644 bituminous coal samples of this report with an additional 968 bituminous coal samples of the eastern United States reported by Swanson and others in 1976 and by Zubovic and others in 1979 is shown in tables 2a-c. As shown by the means for ultimate and proximate analyses, small differences exist between the two sets of data; however, only the moisture and oxygen contents are significantly different. The forms of sulfur, ash-fusion temperature and heat of combustion are similar. The means for the major and minor oxides in ash are similar for SiO<sub>2</sub>, K<sub>2</sub>O, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub>, MgO, and P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> are lower, whereas, MnO is higher in the analyses of the samples of this report. Eighteen of the means for the trace elements in the coal are about equal for the two sets of samples. Only As, Co, La, Li, and Pb are significantly higher, whereas, Ag, B, Ba, Be, Cd, Cs, F, Ge, Mo, Nb, and Nd are lower in the in the 64L,bituminous coal samples of this report.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr802003","usgsCitation":"Zubovic, P., Oman, C.L., Bragg, L.J., Coleman, S., Rega, N.H., Lemaster, M., Rose, H., Golightly, D.W., and Puskas, J., 1980, Chemical analysis of 659 coal samples from the eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-2003, iv, 513 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr802003.","productDescription":"iv, 513 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155978,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2003/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":405865,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2003/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"eastern United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.06640625,\n              36.421282443649496\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.455078125,\n              36.421282443649496\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.455078125,\n              42.4234565179383\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.06640625,\n              42.4234565179383\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.06640625,\n              36.421282443649496\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4961","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zubovic, Peter","contributorId":6072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zubovic","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oman, Charles L. coman@usgs.gov","contributorId":13627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oman","given":"Charles","email":"coman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bragg, Linda J.","contributorId":103717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bragg","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coleman, S.L.","contributorId":15230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rega, N. H.","contributorId":8469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rega","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lemaster, M.E.","contributorId":25596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lemaster","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rose, H.J.","contributorId":67121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Golightly, D. W.","contributorId":32922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golightly","given":"D.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Puskas, John","contributorId":66292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puskas","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":61408,"text":"mf1247 - 1980 - Stratigraphic sections of Middle Jurassic San Rafael Group and related rocks from the Green River to the Moab area in east-central Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-28T15:53:01","indexId":"mf1247","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1247","title":"Stratigraphic sections of Middle Jurassic San Rafael Group and related rocks from the Green River to the Moab area in east-central Utah","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1247","usgsCitation":"O'Sullivan, R.B., 1980, Stratigraphic sections of Middle Jurassic San Rafael Group and related rocks from the Green River to the Moab area in east-central Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1247, 1 Plate: 89 x 120 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1247.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 89 x 120 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":364212,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1247/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":186730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1247/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"63360","country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.10055555555554,38.65083333333333 ], [ -110.10055555555554,38.81805555555556 ], [ -109.66666666666667,38.81805555555556 ], [ -109.66666666666667,38.65083333333333 ], [ -110.10055555555554,38.65083333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae716","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Sullivan, R. B.","contributorId":57858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Sullivan","given":"R.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":7845,"text":"ofr80366 - 1980 - Marine geologic map of the Puerto Rico insular shelf, Isla Caja de Muertos area","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7845,"text":"ofr80366 - 1980 - Marine geologic map of the Puerto Rico insular shelf, Isla Caja de Muertos area","indexId":"ofr80366","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Marine geologic map of the Puerto Rico insular shelf, Isla Caja de Muertos area"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":64730,"text":"i1265 - 1981 - Marine geologic map of the Puerto Rico insular shelf, Isla Caja de Muertos area","indexId":"i1265","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Marine geologic map of the Puerto Rico insular shelf, Isla Caja de Muertos area"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":64730,"text":"i1265 - 1981 - Marine geologic map of the Puerto Rico insular shelf, Isla Caja de Muertos area","indexId":"i1265","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Marine geologic map of the Puerto Rico insular shelf, Isla Caja de Muertos area"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-15T20:05:29.363049","indexId":"ofr80366","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-366","title":"Marine geologic map of the Puerto Rico insular shelf, Isla Caja de Muertos area","docAbstract":"<p>This marine geologic map covers the western half of the Isla Caja de Muertos shelf off the south coast of Puerto Rico. Coverage extends from Playa de Ponce on the west to Punta Petrona, near the town of Santa Isabel, on the east, a distance of 26 km. Within the mapped area the shelf ranges in width from a minimum of 4 km to a maximum of 18 km. Clover (1971, p. 89) named the shelf for the prominent Isla Caja de Muertos, a small upfaulted block of lower and middle Tertiary rocks located near the center of the map area. The Isla Caja de Muertos shelf is not known to be bounded by faults, though Glover suggested faults on the west and south boundaries, and the bathymetry of the insular slope reveals a large east-west fault about 6 to 8 km south of the shelf edge.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80366","usgsCitation":"Beach, D.K., and Trumbull, J.V., 1980, Marine geologic map of the Puerto Rico insular shelf, Isla Caja de Muertos area: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-366, Report: 17 p.; 1 Plate: 29.27 x 40.88 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80366.","productDescription":"Report: 17 p.; 1 Plate: 29.27 x 40.88 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":495530,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0366/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":495529,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0366/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":397484,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43301.htm"},{"id":141283,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0366/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"40000","country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Isla Caja de Muertos area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -66.625,\n              17.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.375,\n              17.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.375,\n              18\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.625,\n              18\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.625,\n              17.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db6064c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beach, David K.","contributorId":34128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beach","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trumbull, James V.","contributorId":106900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trumbull","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24156,"text":"ofr80743 - 1980 - Hydrologic data for urban studies in the San Antonio, Texas, metropolitan area, 1977","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-27T21:41:38.499586","indexId":"ofr80743","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-743","title":"Hydrologic data for urban studies in the San Antonio, Texas, metropolitan area, 1977","docAbstract":"<p>Hydrologic investigations of urban drainage basins in Texas were begun by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1954. These studies are now in progress in Austin, Dallas, Dallas County, Fort Worth, Houston, and San Antonio.</p><p>The Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Texas Department of Water Resources, expanded the existing gaging-station network in the San Antonio metropolitan area in May 1968 to begin urban hydrology studies in this area. In September 1968, the program was further expanded to include the collection of water-quality data.</p><p>The operation and maintenance of stations 08178000, San Antonio River at San Antonio; 08178700, Salado Creek (upper station) at San Antonio; and 08178800, Salado Creek (lower station) at San Antonio are funded by the San Antonio River Authority in cooperation with the Texas Department of Water Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey.</p><p>&nbsp;The operation and maintenance and collection of water-quality data at station 08178640, West Elm Creek at San Antonio, and station 08178645, East Elm Creek at San Antonio are funded by the Edwards Underground Water District in cooperation with the Texas Department of Water Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey. These stations will provide hydrologic data on similar and adjacent drainage basins. One drainage basin is undergoing extensive urbanization while the other is undeveloped.</p><p>&nbsp;The objective of the San Antonio urban-hydrology study are:</p><ol><li>&nbsp;To provide data showing the effects of various stages of urbanization on flood discharge and runoff.<br></li><li>&nbsp;To provide water-quality data on surface-water runoff from floods of various magnitudes, during all seasons of the year from areas with different types of utilization.<br></li></ol>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr80743","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Perez, R., and Harmsen, L., 1980, Hydrologic data for urban studies in the San Antonio, Texas, metropolitan area, 1977: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-743, 99 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80743.","productDescription":"99 p.","numberOfPages":"105","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1977-01-01","temporalEnd":"1977-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286628,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":411086,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75284.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":286627,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0743/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"San Antonio","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.8165283203125,\n              29.123373210819224\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.19580078125,\n              29.123373210819224\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.19580078125,\n              29.699982298744377\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.8165283203125,\n              29.699982298744377\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.8165283203125,\n              29.123373210819224\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ce4b07f02db607b71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perez, Roberto","contributorId":97114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perez","given":"Roberto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harmsen, Lynn","contributorId":19941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmsen","given":"Lynn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":4300,"text":"cir833 - 1980 - Geological studies of the COST No. B-3 well, United States mid-Atlantic continental slope area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-22T21:17:56.060978","indexId":"cir833","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"833","title":"Geological studies of the COST No. B-3 well, United States mid-Atlantic continental slope area","docAbstract":"The COST No. B-3 well is the first deep stratigraphic test to be drilled on the Continental Slope off the Eastern United States. The well was drilled in 2,686 ft (819 m) of water in the Baltimore Canyon trough area to a total depth of 15,820 ft (4,844 m) below the drill platform. It penetrated a section composed of mudstones, calcareous mudstones, and limestones of generally deep water origin to a depth of about 8.200 ft (2,500 m) below the drill floor. Light-colored, medium- to coarse-grained sandstones with intercalated gray and brown shales, micritic limestones, and minor coal and dolomite predominate from about 8,200 to 12,300 ft (2,500 to 3,750 m). From about 12,300 ft (3,750 m) to the bottom, the section consists of limestones (including oolitic and intraclastic grainstones) with interbedded fine-to medium-grained sandstones, dark-colored fissile shales, and numerous coal seams.\r\n\r\nBiostratigraphic examination has shown that the section down to approximately 6,000 ft (1,830 m) is Tertiary. The boundary between the Lower and Upper Cretaceous sections is placed between 8,600 and 9,200 ft (2,620 and 2,800 m) by various workers. Placement of the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary shows an even greater range based on different organisms; it is placed variously between 12,250 and 13,450 ft (3,730 and 5,000 m). The oldest unit penetrated in the well is considered to be Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) by some workers and Middle Jurassic (Callovian) by others. The Lower Cretaceous and Jurassic parts of the section represent nonmarine to shallow-marine shelf sedimentation. Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary units reflect generally deeper water conditions at the B-3 well site and show a general transition from deposition at shelf to slope water depths.\r\n\r\nExamination of cores, well cuttings, and electric logs indicates that potential hydrocarbon-reservoir units are present throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous section. Porous and moderately permeable limestones and sandstones have been found in the Jurassic section, and significant thicknesses of sandstone with porosities as high as 30 percent and permeabilities in excess of 100 md have been encountered in the Cretaceous interval from about 7,000 to 12,000 ft (2,130 to 3,650 m).\r\n\r\nStudies of organic geochemistry, vitrinite reflectance, and color alteration of visible organic matter indicate that the Tertiary section, especially in its upper part, contains organic-carbon-rich sediments that are good potential oil source rocks. However, this part of the section is thermally immature and is unlikely to have acted as a source rock anywhere in the area of the B-3 well. The Cretaceous section is generally lean in organic carbon, the organic matter which is present is generally gas-prone, and the interval is thermally immature (although the lowest part of this section is approaching thermal maturity). The deepest part of the well, the Jurassic section, shows the onset of thermal maturity. The lower half of the Jurassic rocks has high organic-carbon contents with generally gas-prone organic matter. This interval is therefore considered to be an excellent possible gas source; it has a very high methane content.\r\n\r\nThe combination of gas-prone source rocks, thermal maturity, significant gas shows in the well at 15,750 ft (4,801 m) and porous reservoir rocks in the deepest parts of the well indicate a considerable potential for gas production from the Jurassic section in the area of the COST No. B-3 well. Wells drilled farther downslope from the B03 site may encounter more fully marine or deeper marine sections that may have a greater potential for oil (rather than gas) generation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir833","usgsCitation":"Scholle, P.A., 1980, Geological studies of the COST No. B-3 well, United States mid-Atlantic continental slope area: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 833, v, 132 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir833.","productDescription":"v, 132 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404395,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22551.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":31411,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1980/0833/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1980/0833/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"mid-Atlantic continental slope area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72,\n              38.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -74,\n              38.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -74,\n              39.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -72,\n              39.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -72,\n              38.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db687453","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholle, Peter A.","contributorId":48954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholle","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":148767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5878,"text":"pp1090 - 1980 - Ordovician and Silurian Phi Kappa and Trail Creek formations, Pioneer Mountains, central Idaho: Stratigraphic and structural revisions, and new data on graptolite faunas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-29T20:47:29.939707","indexId":"pp1090","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1090","title":"Ordovician and Silurian Phi Kappa and Trail Creek formations, Pioneer Mountains, central Idaho: Stratigraphic and structural revisions, and new data on graptolite faunas","docAbstract":"Recent geologic mapping in the northern Pioneer Mountains combined with the identification of graptolites from 116 new collections indicate that the Ordovician and Silurian Phi Kappa and Trail Creek Formations occur in a series of thrust-bounded slices within a broad zone of imbricate thrust faulting. Though confirming a deformational style first reported in a 1963 study by Michael Churkin, our data suggest that the complexity and regional extent of the thrust zone were not previously recognized. Most previously published sections of the Phi Kappa and Trail Creek Formations were measured across unrecognized thrust faults and therefore include not only structural repetitions of graptolitic Ordovician and Silurian rocks but also other tectonically juxtaposed lithostratigraphic units of diverse ages as well. Because of this discovery, the need to reconsider the stratigraphic validity of these formations and their lithology, nomenclature, structural distribution, facies relations, and graptolite faunas has arisen. \r\n\r\nThe Phi Kappa Formation in most thrust slices has internal stratigraphic continuity despite the intensity of deformation to which it was subjected. As revised herein, the Phi Kappa Formation is restricted to a structurally repeated succession of predominantly black, carbonaceous, graptolitic argillite and shale. Some limy, light-gray-weathering shale occurs in the middle part of the section, and fine-grained locally pebbly quartzite is present at the base. The basal quartzite is here named the Basin Gulch Quartzite Member of the Phi Kappa. The Phi Kappa redefined on a lithologic basis represents the span of Ordovician time from W. B. N. Berry's graptolite zones 2-4 through 15 and also includes approximately 17 m of lithologically identical shale of Early and Middle Silurian age at the top. The lower contact of the formation as revised is tectonic. The Phi Kappa is gradationally overlain by the Trail Creek Formation as restricted herein. Most of the coarser clastic rocks reported in previously measured sections of the Phi Kappa, as well as the sequence along Phi Kappa Creek from which the name originates, are excluded from the Phi Kappa as revised and are reassigned to two structural plates of Mississippian Copper Basin Formation; other strata now excluded from the formation are reassigned to the Trail Creek Formation and to an unnamed Silurian and Devonian unit. As redefined, the Phi Kappa Formation is only about 240 m thick, compared with the 3,860 m originally estimated, and it occupies only about 25 percent of the outcrop area previously mapped in 1930 by H. G. Westgate and C. P. Ross. Despite this drastic reduction in thickness and the exclusion of the rocks along Phi Kappa Creek, the name Phi Kappa is retained because of widely accepted prior usage to denote the Ordovician graptolitic shale facies of central Idaho, and because the Phi Kappa Formation as revised is present in thrust slices on Phi Kappa Mountain, at the head of Phi Kappa Creek. The lithic and faunal consistency of this unit throughout the area precludes the necessity for major facies telescoping along individual faults within the outcrop belt. However, tens of kilometers of tectonic shortening seems required to juxtapose the imbricated Phi Kappa shale facies with the Middle Ordovician part of the carbonate and quartzite shale sequence of east central Idaho. The shelf rocks are exposed in the Wildhorse structural window of the northeastern Pioneer Mountains, and attain a thickness of at least 1,500 m throughout the region north and east of the Pioneer Mountains. The Phi Kappa is in direct thrust contact on intensely deformed medium- to high-grade metamorphic equivalents of the same shelf sequence in the Pioneer window at the south end of the Phi Kappa-Trail Creek outcrop belt. Along East Pass, Big Lake, and Pine Creeks, north of the Pioneer Mountains, some rocks previously mapped as Ramshorn Slate are lithologically and faunally equivalent to the P","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1090","usgsCitation":"Dover, J.H., Berry, W.B., and Ross, R.J., 1980, Ordovician and Silurian Phi Kappa and Trail Creek formations, Pioneer Mountains, central Idaho: Stratigraphic and structural revisions, and new data on graptolite faunas: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1090, Report: vi, 54 p.; 1 Plate: 29.00 x 39.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1090.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 54 p.; 1 Plate: 29.00 x 39.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":104549,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4718.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4718"},{"id":32698,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1090/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":32699,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1090/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121437,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1090/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Pioneer Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.3333,\n              43.9297\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3333,\n              43.7728\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.1667,\n              43.7728\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.1667,\n              43.9297\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3333,\n              43.9297\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db635245","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dover, James H.","contributorId":43382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dover","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, William B. N.","contributorId":76372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ross, Reuben James Jr.","contributorId":36911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Reuben","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5919,"text":"pp1126AJ - 1980 - Shorter contributions to stratigraphy and structural geology, 1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-18T19:41:27.730858","indexId":"pp1126AJ","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1126","chapter":"A-J","title":"Shorter contributions to stratigraphy and structural geology, 1979","docAbstract":"PART A: A system of anticlines lies along the trend of the sinuous course of the Colorado River for a distance of 97 km in the central Grand Canyon. Similar anticlines occur in some perennially wet side canyons. The anticlines are most abundant and well developed along northeast-trending reaches of the main canyon where it is floored by the Cambrian Muav Limestone. Dips of the folded strata are as great as 60?, and the folding locally extends more than 250 m from the river. Low-angle thrust faults in the limbs of the anticlines parallel the river and have formed in response to folding of the comparatively brittle carbonate strata. High-angle reverse kink bands, along which rocks are displaced up toward the river, also parallel the anticlines and have develop2d in response to the upward bulging of the canyon floor. \r\n\r\nThe river anticlines are an unloading phenomenon. They result from lateral squeezing toward the river of saturated shaly parts of the Muav Limestone and underlying Bright Angel Shale. The driving mechanism for the deformation is a stress gradient that results from a difference in lithostatic load between the heavily loaded rocks under the 650-m-high canyon walls and the unloaded canyon floor. Saturation appears to weaken the shaly rocks sufficiently to allow deformation to take place. River anticlines are not present in the eastern Grand Canyon, where the Cambrian rocks also occur at river level. Their absence is explained by a lack of shaly rocks that could flow when saturated. \r\n\r\nPART B:  The current interest in contemporary tectonic processes in the Eastern United States is turning up abundant evidence of crustal movements in late geologic time. Topographic analysis of the highland areas from the southern Blue Ridge to the Adirondack Mountains indicates that most of the landforms owe their origin to erosion of rocks of different resistance rather than to tectonic processes. Most areas of high relief and high altitude have been formed on resistant rocks. The Cambrian and Ordovician belt, containing mostly shale and carbonate rock, on the other hand, forms an extensive lowland from Alabama to the Canadian border and girdles the Adirondack Mountains. Differences in altitude can be explained by the presence of resistant rocks outside the belt; these resistant rocks form local base levels on the streams that drain the belt. A few areas may have undergone local uplift at a higher rate than areas nearby--for example, the Piedmont region northwest of Chesapeake Bay. Most estimates of erosion rates, based on the load transported by streams and of uplift rates, based on removal during a known period of time, are of the same order of magnitude, averaging almost 4x 10^-2 millimeters per year. Rates of uplift, based on study of tilted Pleistocene beaches and repeated geodetic traverses, are at least an order of magnitude higher for comparable areas. Tectonic uplift of the highlands has been slow and involves mostly warping or tilting on a large scale. Erosion rates keep up with or exceed the rate of uplift and have been sufficient to mask evidence of faulting or other differential movements. The high rates of uplift that are inferred on tilted water planes in the glaciated regions or that are measured by differences in repeated geodetic traverses cannot have been sustained for long periods of time.\r\n\r\nPART C: The Hanson Creek Formation southwest of Eureka, Nev., in the Bellevue Peak Quadrangle is composed of three lithostratigraphic members: (1) a basal dark-gray dolomite, (2) a middle silty thin- to thick-bedded, locally nodular, dark-gray, light-yellow-mottled limestone topped by light-gray dolomite, and (3) an upper dark-gray dolomite, which is herein named the Combs Canyon Dolomite Member. Detailed geologic mapping and accompanying fossil collecting prove that the same lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic sequence is present in the Mountain Boy Range and 11 km to the south near Wood Cone Peak. Minor differences in","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1126AJ","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, Shorter contributions to stratigraphy and structural geology, 1979: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1126, 114 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1126AJ.","productDescription":"114 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":32802,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1126a-j/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":117533,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1126a-j/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":402717,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74379.htm","text":"The Upper Ordovician and Silurian Hanson Creek Formation of central Nevada","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":464253,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74380.htm","text":"The Marble Hill Bed: an offshore bar-tidal channel complex in the Upper Ordovician Drakes Formation of Kentucky","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":464254,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74381.htm","text":"Paleogene sedimentary and volcanogenic rocks from Adak Island, central Aleutian Islands, Alaska","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":464255,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74382.htm","text":"The Livengood Dome Chert, a new Ordovician Formation in central Alaska, and its relevance to displacement on the Tintina fault","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":464256,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74383.htm","text":"New evidence supporting Nebraskan age for origin of Ohio River in north-central Kentucky","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":464257,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74384.htm","text":"Intertonguing between the Star Point Sandstone and the coal-bearing Blackhawk Formation requires revision of some coal-bed correlations in the southern Wasatch Plateau, Utah","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":464258,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74385.htm","text":"Constraints on the latest movements on the Melones fault zone, Sierra Nevada foothills, California","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":464259,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74386.htm","text":"Origin of the river anticlines, central Grand Canyon, Arizona","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3e20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":6240,"text":"pp1109 - 1980 - Geology of the Round Bay quadrangle, Anne Arundel County, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-13T19:03:45.399259","indexId":"pp1109","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1109","title":"Geology of the Round Bay quadrangle, Anne Arundel County, Maryland","docAbstract":"Six Coastal Plain formations and one group crop out in the Round Bay quadrangle near the inner edge of the Atlantic Coastal Plain physiographic province. The quadrangle lies astride the Severn River, in Anne Arundel County, near Annapolis, Md. The seven stratigraphic units aggregate as much as 128 m in outcrop. In ascending order, the units are: the upper part of the Potomac Group and the Magothy, Matawan, and Severn Formations, all of Cretaceous age; the Brightseat and Aquia Formations of Paleocene age and the Calvert Formation of Miocene age. \r\n\r\nQuaternary deposits are thin and cover only small areas; they are all mapped under one unit. Several small, thin deposits of Tertiary alluvium are mapped separately. \r\n\r\nThe largely unconsolidated Cretaceous and Tertiary formations consist chiefly of quartz, glauconite, clays, muscovite, chlorite, lignite, feldspar, and pyrite. Quaternary sediments are mostly locally derived sands, silts, and clays with some gravel and, in the finer sediments, considerable amounts of organic matter. \r\n\r\nThe Cretaceous and Tertiary units strike generally northeast; the younger the formation, the more easterly it strikes. Dips are gentle, 3.6 to 15 m per kilometer toward the southeast, and decrease upward through the section. \r\n\r\nThe Round Bay quadrangle is near the southern limit of several formations that thin progressively toward the southwest from New Jersey. Some pinch out between Betterton, on the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay, and Round Bay, on the western shore, whereas others are present only as thin remnants 1-2 m thick. Resources of the quadrangle include abundant ground water, sand, and high land values near water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1109","usgsCitation":"Minard, J.P., May, F.E., and Christopher, R.A., 1980, Geology of the Round Bay quadrangle, Anne Arundel County, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1109, Report: iv, 30 p.; 1 Plate: 25.00 × 28.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1109.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 30 p.; 1 Plate: 25.00 × 28.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1109/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":104552,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4721.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4721"},{"id":33453,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1109/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33452,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1109/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Anne Arundel County","otherGeospatial":"Round Bay quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.625,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5,\n              39.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.625,\n              39.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.625,\n              39\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e5ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minard, James Pierson","contributorId":85169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minard","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"Pierson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"May, Fred E.","contributorId":32157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christopher, Raymond A.","contributorId":29812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christopher","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":6302,"text":"pp1146 - 1980 - Revised nomenclature and stratigraphic relationships of the Fredericksburg Complex and Quantico Formation of the Virginia Piedmont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-10T09:37:04","indexId":"pp1146","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1146","title":"Revised nomenclature and stratigraphic relationships of the Fredericksburg Complex and Quantico Formation of the Virginia Piedmont","docAbstract":"The Fredericksburg Complex, in part a migmatitic terrane in northeast Virginia, is subdivided on the basis of lithology, as well as aeromagnetic and aeroradiometric data, into two metamorphic suites. These suites are separated by the northeast-trending Spotsylvania lineament, a rectilinear geophysical feature that is probably the trace of an old fault zone. East of the lineament, the Po River Metamorphic Suite, of Proterozoic Z and (or) early Paleozoic age, consists dominantly of biotite gneiss, generally augen gneiss, and lesser amounts of hornblende gneiss and mica schist. West of the Spotsylvania lineament is the Ta River Metamorphic Suite, composed mostly of amphibolite and amphibole gneiss. However, to the southwest, along its strike belt, the Ta River contains abundant biotite gneiss and mica schist. Both the Ta River and Po River contain abundant foliated granitoid and pegmatoid bodies as concordant tabular masses and as crosscutting dikes; these rocks are considered part of the Ta River and Po River Metamorphic Suites. The amphibolitic Holly Corner Gneiss is interpreted to be a western allochthonous equivalent of the Ta River. Both the Ta River and Holly Corner are considered to be coeval, eastern, distal facies of the Lower Cambrian(?) Chopawamsic Formation. The Paleozoic Falls Run Granite Gneiss intrudes the Ta River Metamorphic Suite and the Holly Corner Gneiss; locally the Falls Run is interpreted to have been transported westward with the Holly Corner after intrusion. \r\n\r\nThe Quantico Formation, in the core of the Quantico-Columbia synclinorium, rests with angular unconformity along its northwest and southeast limbs, respectively, on the Chopawamsic Formation and the Ta River Metamorphic Suite. The Quantico Formation is assigned the same Late Ordovician age and similar stratigraphic position as the Arvonia Slate of the Arvonia syncline. \r\n\r\nThe youngest rocks of the area are the granitoid and pegmatoid bodies of the Falmouth Intrusive Suite. They consist of several generations of chiefly dikes and sills that are intrusive into the Fredericksburg Complex and into the Quantico Formation. Granitoid rocks also form small plutons. The Falmouth is isotopically dated as Carboniferous in age. \r\n\r\nSome of the metavolcanic rocks of the Evington Group and part of the amphibolite gneiss and amphibolite of the Hatcher Complex, named by W. B. Brown in 1969, are probably coeval with the Chopawamsic Formation and hence equivalents of the Ta River Metamorphic Suite and the Holly Corner Gneiss. The biotitic gneiss and granitoid rocks east of the Spotsylvania lineament in the Dillwyn area are considered to be coeval with the Po River Metamorphic Suite.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/pp1146","usgsCitation":"Pavlides, L., 1980, Revised nomenclature and stratigraphic relationships of the Fredericksburg Complex and Quantico Formation of the Virginia Piedmont: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1146, Report: 29 p.; Plate; Companion Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1146.","productDescription":"Report: 29 p.; Plate; Companion Files","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":33590,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1146/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":104558,"rank":700,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4734.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4734"},{"id":33591,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1146/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1146/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.6129150390625,\n              38.043765107439675\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.92626953125,\n              38.043765107439675\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.92626953125,\n              38.792626957868904\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6129150390625,\n              38.792626957868904\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6129150390625,\n              38.043765107439675\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602ebc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pavlides, Louis","contributorId":79444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlides","given":"Louis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":152471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":7032,"text":"ofr80504 - 1980 - A catalogue of drill core recovered from Kilauea Iki lava lake, from 1967 to 1979","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7032,"text":"ofr80504 - 1980 - A catalogue of drill core recovered from Kilauea Iki lava lake, from 1967 to 1979","indexId":"ofr80504","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"A catalogue of drill core recovered from Kilauea Iki lava lake, from 1967 to 1979"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":16945,"text":"ofr84484 - 1984 - A Catalogue of drill core recovered from Kilauea Iki lava lake from 1967 to 1979","indexId":"ofr84484","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"A Catalogue of drill core recovered from Kilauea Iki lava lake from 1967 to 1979"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":16945,"text":"ofr84484 - 1984 - A Catalogue of drill core recovered from Kilauea Iki lava lake from 1967 to 1979","indexId":"ofr84484","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"A Catalogue of drill core recovered from Kilauea Iki lava lake from 1967 to 1979"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-25T19:43:35.816708","indexId":"ofr80504","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-504","title":"A catalogue of drill core recovered from Kilauea Iki lava lake, from 1967 to 1979","docAbstract":"<div><span>The purpose of this report is to serve as a descriptive catalogue for drill core recovered from Kilauea Iki lava lake, from 1967 to 1979. </span></div><div><span><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></span></div><div><span>Kilauea Iki lava lake was formed when lavas of the 1959 summit eruption were ponded in Kilauea Iki pit crater, a large pit crater at the extreme upper end of Kilauea's east rift zone (Fig. 1). This eruption is one of the best documented of Kilauean eruptions: Murata and Richter (1966) and Richter and Murata (1966) presented data on the chemistry and petrography of the lavas, respectively, and Richter et al. (1970) described the complex filling of the pit crater in considerable detail.</span></div><div><span><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></span></div><div><span>Investigation of the lava lake began a few months after the crust stabilized, with the establishment of two perpendicular lines of levelling stations on the surface of the lake. In 1960-62, four holes were drilled through the upper crust in the center of the lake; the crust was 22-44 feet (6.7-13.4 m) thick at that time. Richter and Moore (1966) presented petrographic, modal, and chemical data on the core recovered from this early drilling.</span></div><div><span><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></span></div><div><span>The upper crust of Kilauea Iki was drilled again in 1967 by staff members of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, and core was recovered from three holes. In 1975, U.S. Geological Survey workers drilled three more holes, each a few feet away from one of the 1 967 holes. A summary of all work done on Kilauea Iki and other Hawaiian lava lakes through 1975 has been given by Wright et al. (1976).</span></div><div><span><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></span></div><div><span>The lake has been redrilled twice since 1975, by workers from Sandia Laboratories, as part of their Magma Energy Research program, in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey. In 1976, they drilled two holes near the center of the lake. In 1978-79, they drilled a total of six holes; one, commissioned by the U.S. Geological Survey, went completely through the lava lake near its north edge, into the pre-1959 lavas below.</span></div>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80504","usgsCitation":"Helz, R.T., Banks, N.G., Casadevall, T.J., Fiske, R.S., and Moore, R.B., 1980, A catalogue of drill core recovered from Kilauea Iki lava lake, from 1967 to 1979: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-504, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80504.","productDescription":"72 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140781,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0504/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":408713,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0504/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Iki lava lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.30925750732422,\n              19.39180098837034\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.22171020507812,\n              19.39180098837034\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.22171020507812,\n              19.43583809782748\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.30925750732422,\n              19.43583809782748\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.30925750732422,\n              19.39180098837034\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd497ee4b0b290850ef3c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helz, Rosalind Tuthill 0000-0003-1550-0684","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1550-0684","contributorId":85587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helz","given":"Rosalind","email":"","middleInitial":"Tuthill","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banks, Norman G.","contributorId":89524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casadevall, Thomas J. 0000-0002-9447-6864 tcasadevall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-6864","contributorId":2734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casadevall","given":"Thomas","email":"tcasadevall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":154003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fiske, Richard S.","contributorId":229675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fiske","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":154000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, R. B.","contributorId":98720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":7548,"text":"ofr82398 - 1980 - Summary of regional geology, petroleum potential, resource assessment and environmental considerations for oil and gas lease sale area #56","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-26T19:10:40.19118","indexId":"ofr82398","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-398","title":"Summary of regional geology, petroleum potential, resource assessment and environmental considerations for oil and gas lease sale area #56","docAbstract":"<p>This report summarizes our general knowledge of the petroleum potential, as well as problems and hazards associated with development of petroleum resources in the area proposed for nominations for lease sale number 56. This area includes the U.S. eastern continental margin from the North Carolina-Virginia border south to approximately Cape Canaveral, Florida and from three miles from shore, seaward to include the upper Continental Slope and inner Blake Plateau. The area for possible sales is shown in figure 1; major physiographic features of the region are shown in figure 2.</p><p>No wells have been drilled for petroleum within this proposed lease area and no significant commercial production has been obtained onshore in the Southeast Georgia Embayment. The COST GE-1 stratigraphic test well, drilled on the Continental Shelf off Jacksonville, Fla. (fig- 1), reached basement at 3,300 m. The bottom third of the section consists of dominantly continental rocks that are typically poor sources of petroleum (Scholle, 1979) and the rocks that contain organic carbon adequate for generation of petroleum at the well are seen in seismic profiles always at shallow subbottom depths, so they probably have not reached thermal maturity. However, seismic profiles indicate that the sedimentary deposits thicken markedly in a seaward direction where more of the section was deposited under marine conditions; therefore, commercial accumulations of petroleum offshore are more likely.</p><p>Several potential sources of environmental hazard exist. Among the most important are hurricanes, the Gulf Stream, and earthquakes. The potential danger from high wind, waves, storm surges, and storm-driven currents associated with hurricanes is obvious. Evidence for significant bottom scour by the Gulf Stream is abundant; such scour is a threat to the stability of bottom-mounted structures. The fast-flowing water also will hamper floating drill rigs and control of drill strings. A major earthquake of about magnitude 6.8 struck Charleston in 1886; it may have been associated with a zone of active seismicity that crosses South Carolina. The likelihood of a repetition of the 1886 event is presently not predictable but a seismic hazard must be assumed to exist.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr82398","usgsCitation":"Dillon, W.P., Klitgord, K.D., Paull, C.K., Grow, J.A., Ball, M.M., Dolton, G., Powers, R.B., Khan, A.S., Popenoe, P., and Robb, J.M., 1980, Summary of regional geology, petroleum potential, resource assessment and environmental considerations for oil and gas lease sale area #56: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-398, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82398.","productDescription":"61 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407344,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13718.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":35009,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0398/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":140845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0398/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.5,\n              29\n            ],\n            [\n              -72,\n              29\n            ],\n            [\n              -72,\n              38\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5,\n              38\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5,\n              29\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698b9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dillon, William P. bdillon@usgs.gov","contributorId":79820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"William","email":"bdillon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klitgord, Kim D.","contributorId":82307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klitgord","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paull, Charles K. 0000-0001-5940-3443","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5940-3443","contributorId":55825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7043,"text":"University of North Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":704561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grow, John A.","contributorId":25943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grow","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ball, Mahlon M.","contributorId":27472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Mahlon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dolton, Gordon","contributorId":50509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolton","given":"Gordon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Powers, Richard B.","contributorId":52248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Khan, Abdul S.","contributorId":194534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khan","given":"Abdul","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Popenoe, Peter","contributorId":62206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Popenoe","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Robb, James M.","contributorId":73272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robb","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":7640,"text":"ofr80241 - 1980 - A summary of environmental geologic studies in the Georges Bank area, United States northeastern Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf, 1975-1977","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-25T18:41:43.437031","indexId":"ofr80241","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-241","title":"A summary of environmental geologic studies in the Georges Bank area, United States northeastern Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf, 1975-1977","docAbstract":"<p>The growing need for the United States to find and develop new energy resources has led to interest in the petroleum potential of frontier areas of the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) seaward of the eastern seaboard state boundaries. These submerged lands are under federal jurisdiction. The authority to lease tracts for resource development is vested with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), of the Department of Interior, pursuant to the terms of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act of 1953 and the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969; the latter Act requires that the inevitable social and environmental effects of development be considered in leasing decisions.</p><p>The Georges Bank region, part of the Continental Shelf off New England, is one of three designated Atlantic OCS target areas for petroleum exploration. It is also one of the world's most productive fishing grounds, and the nearby coastal states have high population densities, important fishing industries, and coastlines with extraordinary recreational and scenic value.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80241","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Aaron, J.M., 1980, A summary of environmental geologic studies in the Georges Bank area, United States northeastern Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf, 1975-1977: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-241, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80241.","productDescription":"22 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":427016,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0241/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":139756,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0241/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Georges Bank area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -66,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -66,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -71,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -71,\n              40\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a628b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aaron, John M.","contributorId":10031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aaron","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":7744,"text":"ofr80362 - 1980 - Geologic field trip guide for Cenozoic stratigraphy of southwestern Washington","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7744,"text":"ofr80362 - 1980 - Geologic field trip guide for Cenozoic stratigraphy of southwestern Washington","indexId":"ofr80362","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic field trip guide for Cenozoic stratigraphy of southwestern Washington"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047780,"text":"70047780 - 1980 - Geologic field trip guide for the Cenozoic stratigraphy and late Eocene paleoecology of southwestern Washington","indexId":"70047780","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic field trip guide for the Cenozoic stratigraphy and late Eocene paleoecology of southwestern Washington"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70047780,"text":"70047780 - 1980 - Geologic field trip guide for the Cenozoic stratigraphy and late Eocene paleoecology of southwestern Washington","indexId":"70047780","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic field trip guide for the Cenozoic stratigraphy and late Eocene paleoecology of southwestern Washington"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-28T22:28:27.903501","indexId":"ofr80362","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-362","title":"Geologic field trip guide for Cenozoic stratigraphy of southwestern Washington","docAbstract":"<p>This summary of southwestern Washington stratigraphy describes the principal Tertiary formations comprising the Cenozoic sequences. A field trip road log provides directions for access to type and/or reference localities for each formation discussed.</p><p>Tertiary rocks of southwestern Washington, measuring nearly 13,000 feet in thickness, are mapped as thirteen formational units. These units crop out within several structural basins formed along the tectonically active Pacific margin of the North American Plate. Thick Quaternary sands and gravels of glacial and fluvial origin and a heavy vegetational cover restrict exposures to stream and river banks, highway, road and railroad cuts, and occasional steep hillsides.</p><p>The Tertiary strata are predominantly marine sedimentary rocks with interbedded volcanics and eastwardly increasing amounts of nonmarine strata. Age equivalent and genetically similar sequences occur throughout the Coast Ranges of western Oregon and Washington.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80362","usgsCitation":"Armentrout, J.M., 1980, Geologic field trip guide for Cenozoic stratigraphy of southwestern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-362, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80362.","productDescription":"72 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":426089,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0362/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142009,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0362/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"southwestern Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.20760160457772,\n              47.23490254061741\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.20760160457772,\n              45.92227795638976\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.06227461237941,\n              45.92227795638976\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.06227461237941,\n              47.23490254061741\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.20760160457772,\n              47.23490254061741\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ea81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armentrout, John M.","contributorId":13980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armentrout","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":8210,"text":"ofr801016 - 1980 - Technique for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods in Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-14T22:55:36.271712","indexId":"ofr801016","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1016","title":"Technique for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods in Maryland","docAbstract":"<p>A method is presented for estimating flood magnitudes for natural drainage basins without urban development or regulated flow. The method was developed by multiple-regression techniques and applies to floods with recurrence intervals from 2 to 100 years.</p><p>The State is divided into three regions, and sets of equations for calculating peak discharges based on physical basin characteristics are provided for each region. In the northern region, flood-peak discharges are related to drainage area, forest cover, and 2-year 24-hour rainfall. In the southern region, flood peaks are related to drainage area alone. In the eastern region, peaks are related to drainage area, slope, storage, forest cover, and two composite soil categories. Standard errors of estimate for the regression equations in the northern region range from 38 to 49 percent. For the southern region, the standard errors of estimate vary from 52 to 86 percent, and for the eastern region they vary from 37 to 40 percent.</p><p>Maximum observed flood peaks, basin characteristics, and flood-frequency characteristics are tabulated for 234 gaged sites in Maryland and nearby in surrounding states. At 39 of these sites, a rainfall-runoff model was used to obtain synthetic flood-frequency data. These data were combined with observed flood-frequency data to determine the final flood-frequency distributions.<br><br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr801016","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration and the U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration","usgsCitation":"Carpenter, D.H., 1980, Technique for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods in Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1016, Report: v, 79 p.; 9 Plates: 41.67 x 48.80 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801016.","productDescription":"Report: v, 79 p.; 9 Plates: 41.67 x 48.80 inches or 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 \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686205","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carpenter, David H.","contributorId":49357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":8506,"text":"ofr801165 - 1980 - Geophysical-geological analysis of Fairfax County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-25T18:16:27.452423","indexId":"ofr801165","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1165","title":"Geophysical-geological analysis of Fairfax County, Virginia","docAbstract":"<p>Aeromagnetic, aeroradioactivity, and gravity surveys of Fairfax County, Virginia, are interpreted with the aid of existing geologic data and local geophysical measurements. Highly magnetic metasedimentary rocks of the Peters Creek Schist and Sykesville Formation produce most of the magnetic anomalies of Fairfax County. In contrast, the granitoid rocks of the Occoquan pluton are relatively non-magnetic and are characterized by broad magnetic and gravity lows. Linear magnetic highs without corresponding gravity anomalies, plus samples from a test well, indicate that Peters Creek Schist underlies the east side of the Triassic-Jurassic Culpeper basin. The continuation of the Piney Branch mafic-ultramafic complex beneath the basin is indicated by a gravity high. Basement lithology beneath the Coastal Plain sediments is interpreted by the following anomaly combinations: Sykesville Formation - magnetic high with no gravity expression; Chopawamsic Formation -magnetic and corresponding gravity high; Occoquan granitoid rocks -magnetic and corresponding gravity low.</p><p>Analysis of a detailed gravity profile across a diabase body near Herndon indicates that the intrusive is a sill which is partly discordant with the sedimentary rocks of the Culpeper basin. The limbs of the horseshoe-shaped exposure dip gently toward the center; the west limb, 500 m thick, dips 15° east and the east limb, 250 m thick, dips west 3° or less. A second gravity profile across a similar diabase body near Centreville suggests that part of its western limb consists of a narrow dike-like body projecting upwards from a 200 m-thick buried sill. Both of these bodies apparently have a spoon-shaped structure with a discordant northern edge which was probably controlled by faulting. Similarities between these intrusives apply also to the small Boyds diabase in Maryland. The three diabase bodies are aligned, have similar magnetic expressions, and abut the edge of the Culpeper basin, suggesting that they were intruded under similar structural settings at about the same time. The northward decrease in size of these intrusives may be a consequence of the inward-dipping shape and a greater degree of uplift and deeper erosion to the north. By this reasoning, the Boyds body represents only the basal remnant of a largely eroded structure with the Centreville body preserving more of the original form.</p><p>A ground magnetometer survey and an aeroradioactivity survey indicate the presence of additional zones in the thermal metamorphic aureole in the sedimentary rocks around the large diabase bodies. A 150-300-m-wide inner magnetite-rich zone above and below the Herndon sill is inferred from anomalies on a detailed ground magnetic profile. Aeroradioactivity data show a rim of high values outside the geologically mapped aureole of both the Herndon and Centreville bodies. This suggests a subtle outer zone slightly enriched in thermally expelled radio-elements.</p><p>Deep resistivity soundings in the Culpeper basin indicate that the sedimentary rocks may reach a thickness of about 3600 feet (1100 m) at the western edge of the county.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr801165","usgsCitation":"Daniels, D.L., 1980, Geophysical-geological analysis of Fairfax County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1165, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801165.","productDescription":"64 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":426980,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1165/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141983,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1165/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Fairfax 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David L. 0000-0003-0599-8036 dave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-8036","contributorId":1792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"David","email":"dave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":157830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":9745,"text":"ofr80160 - 1980 - Sediment transport model for the East Fork of the Carson River, Carson Valley, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-20T12:31:12","indexId":"ofr80160","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-160","title":"Sediment transport model for the East Fork of the Carson River, Carson Valley, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr80160","usgsCitation":"Katzer, T., and Bennett, J.P., 1980, Sediment transport model for the East Fork of the Carson River, Carson Valley, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-160, 40 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80160.","productDescription":"40 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366727,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0160/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0160/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Douglas County","otherGeospatial":"Carson Valley","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-119.5461,39.0859],[-119.5272,39.0858],[-119.316,39.0841],[-119.3155,38.9902],[-119.3356,38.9895],[-119.3366,38.9818],[-119.349,38.9816],[-119.4023,38.9826],[-119.4022,38.9558],[-119.4176,38.9547],[-119.4182,38.9098],[-119.4192,38.8817],[-119.4381,38.8823],[-119.4374,38.8533],[-119.419,38.8531],[-119.4192,38.835],[-119.4193,38.8164],[-119.4122,38.8165],[-119.4126,38.8093],[-119.4019,38.8099],[-119.4013,38.7863],[-119.4026,38.7654],[-119.4085,38.7658],[-119.4077,38.7354],[-119.4075,38.73],[-119.3887,38.7303],[-119.3888,38.7348],[-119.3788,38.735],[-119.3611,38.7352],[-119.3505,38.7354],[-119.3502,38.7263],[-119.349,38.6788],[-119.349,38.6769],[-119.3488,38.6466],[-119.3299,38.6469],[-119.3306,38.5364],[-119.4492,38.6196],[-119.4543,38.6231],[-119.5498,38.6895],[-119.5523,38.6912],[-119.5771,38.7084],[-119.5977,38.7226],[-119.6088,38.7303],[-119.6166,38.7357],[-119.678,38.7781],[-119.7033,38.7953],[-119.7285,38.8132],[-119.743,38.8235],[-119.752,38.8297],[-119.7873,38.8541],[-119.7899,38.8554],[-119.8223,38.8775],[-119.8261,38.8802],[-119.8471,38.8948],[-119.9025,38.9332],[-119.9151,38.942],[-119.9194,38.945],[-119.9508,38.9664],[-120.0009,39.0005],[-120.0023,39.0677],[-120.0031,39.1116],[-119.949,39.1122],[-119.9419,39.1123],[-119.8974,39.1123],[-119.8631,39.1129],[-119.8358,39.113],[-119.7611,39.1144],[-119.7612,39.099],[-119.7517,39.0987],[-119.7525,39.0851],[-119.6232,39.086],[-119.6042,39.0859],[-119.5657,39.0861],[-119.5461,39.0859]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Douglas\",\"state\":\"NV\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbea3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katzer, Terry","contributorId":103679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzer","given":"Terry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, J. P.","contributorId":52103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":10037,"text":"ofr801285 - 1980 - Ground-water appraisal of sand plains in Benton, Sherburne, Stearns, and Wright counties, central Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T13:15:03","indexId":"ofr801285","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1285","title":"Ground-water appraisal of sand plains in Benton, Sherburne, Stearns, and Wright counties, central Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Surficial-sand aquifers in 960 square miles of central Minnesota have been studied to determine the occurrence, availability, and suitability of the surficial aquifer as a source of water. The aquifer is being increasingly developed for irrigation.</p>\n<p>During the drought of 1976, nearly 24,000 acre-feet of ground water was withdrawn for irrigation, more than double that of the previous year. The number of irrigation pumping centers more than doubled from 1975 to 1977. Nearly all water is pumped from drift aquifers, except in the eastern parts of Sherburne and Wright Counties, where Paleozoic sandstone beds are a reliable source.</p>\n<p>Physical and hydrologic properties of the surficial aquifer were determined by test augering, pumping tests, and laboratory sieve analyses. The aquifer is predominantly medium to coarse sand with lesser amounts of gravel in much of the study area. The Sauk River valley in Stearns County is nearly 50 percent poorly sorted gravel of irregular thickness. Saturated thickness of sand in the Maine Prairie area locally exceeds 100 feet, and transmissivity exceeds 40,000 feet squared per day. Similar deposits in Sherburne County exceed 80 feet in thickness, transmissivity exceeds 30,000 feet squared per day, and wells theoretically could yield 2,000 to 3,000 gallons per minute. Theoretical well yields of less than 100 gallons per minute can be expected where saturated thickness is less than 20 feet and transmissivity is less than 5,000 feet squared per day. Pumping tests indicate horizontal to vertical ratios of hydraulic conductivity ranging from 2-27:1.</p>\n<p>Average annual precipitation is 27 inches, about 8 of which is recharge to the surficial aquifer. Regional ground-water movement is toward the Mississippi River, which transects the area. Tributary streams and lakes act as controls for local flow systems. At extreme low flow in August 1976, mainstem gains in streamflow in the Elk, St. Francis, Sauk, and Mississippi Rivers averaged 0.4, 0.4, 0.2, and 2.5 cubic feet per second per river mile, respectively.</p>\n<p>Ground water is of the calcium bicarbonate type and is suitable for most uses. Relatively high nitrate and chloride concentrations occur in a heavily irrigated area in Sherburne County.</p>\n<p>Surficial aquifers in Sherburne County and the Maine Prairie area of Stearns County were simulated by two-dimensional digital ground-water-flow models. Calibration was achieved by matching calculated water-table heads and streamflow gains with observed field values. Aquifer responses to pumping stresses under present and hypothetically expanded development were determined for average and below average recharge conditions.</p>\n<p>Irrigation withdrawals for 1977 totaling 15.6 cubic feet per second from 96 pumping centers were included in the Sherburne steady-state model. Increasing withdrawals to 52.2 cubic feet per second from 153 pumping centers would lower regional water levels as much as 8 feet within a few years at normal recharge rates.</p>\n<p>Irrigation withdrawals in 1977, totaling 2.0 cubic feet per second from 19 pumping centers, were included in the Maine Prairie steady-state model. Increasing withdrawals to 10.8 cubic feet per second from 42 pumping centers would lower regional water levels as much as 18 feet at normal recharge rates.</p>\n<p>Both modeled areas will support additional withdrawals, but caution must be exercised because lowering ground-water levels will also lower lake levels and reduce streamflow. In some areas, aquifer dewatering will reduce individual well yields.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr801285","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Central Minnesota Regional Development Commission, Benton Sherburne, Stearns, and Wright County Boards","usgsCitation":"Lindholm, G.F., 1980, Ground-water appraisal of sand plains in Benton, Sherburne, Stearns, and Wright counties, central Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1285, Document: viii, 103 p.; 4 Plates: 42.96 x 32.35 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801285.","productDescription":"Document: viii, 103 p.; 4 Plates: 42.96 x 32.35 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":37882,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1285/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1285/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":37883,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1285/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37884,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1285/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37885,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1285/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37881,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1285/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Benton County, Sherburne County, Stearns County, Wright County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-93.7641,45.8202],[-93.7598,45.5604],[-93.5106,45.5598],[-93.5093,45.4163],[-93.5138,45.2454],[-93.5158,45.2458],[-93.5197,45.2417],[-93.5242,45.2385],[-93.5332,45.2317],[-93.5371,45.2294],[-93.5462,45.2289],[-93.554,45.2298],[-93.5617,45.2289],[-93.5676,45.2225],[-93.5734,45.2202],[-93.5792,45.2189],[-93.5857,45.2189],[-93.5967,45.2134],[-93.6031,45.2111],[-93.6096,45.2111],[-93.6167,45.2115],[-93.6258,45.2092],[-93.6297,45.2074],[-93.6329,45.2056],[-93.6361,45.206],[-93.6387,45.2074],[-93.6471,45.2079],[-93.6562,45.201],[-93.6555,45.1969],[-93.6549,45.1905],[-93.6516,45.1841],[-93.6503,45.169],[-93.6529,45.1631],[-93.6554,45.1599],[-93.6574,45.1585],[-93.6716,45.1562],[-93.6793,45.1525],[-93.6852,45.1489],[-93.6929,45.1434],[-93.7019,45.1374],[-93.7155,45.1269],[-93.72,45.1205],[-93.7225,45.11],[-93.7257,45.1022],[-93.7322,45.0963],[-93.7341,45.0922],[-93.7399,45.0894],[-93.7534,45.0853],[-93.7631,45.0839],[-93.7663,45.077],[-93.7702,45.0734],[-93.7692,44.9789],[-94.0117,44.9796],[-94.2548,44.9812],[-94.2544,45.2268],[-94.2602,45.2268],[-94.2614,45.2784],[-94.2615,45.2844],[-94.382,45.2836],[-94.3819,45.327],[-94.7612,45.3272],[-94.7635,45.414],[-95.1322,45.4128],[-95.1319,45.5856],[-95.1384,45.5864],[-95.1388,45.7602],[-95.1398,45.7744],[-94.6438,45.7758],[-94.2782,45.777],[-94.2802,45.778],[-94.2841,45.7793],[-94.2894,45.7806],[-94.2972,45.7829],[-94.3018,45.7838],[-94.3051,45.7865],[-94.3077,45.7888],[-94.3091,45.792],[-94.3105,45.7965],[-94.3118,45.7983],[-94.3144,45.7992],[-94.3183,45.7997],[-94.3235,45.7992],[-94.3262,45.8001],[-94.3295,45.8014],[-94.3328,45.8042],[-94.338,45.8078],[-94.3426,45.811],[-94.3466,45.8141],[-94.3499,45.8173],[-94.3513,45.8228],[-94.0515,45.8262],[-93.9254,45.8216],[-93.7641,45.8202]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Benton\",\"state\":\"MN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d3ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindholm, Gerald F.","contributorId":18374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindholm","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":10298,"text":"ofr8171 - 1980 - Preliminary delineation of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10298,"text":"ofr8171 - 1980 - Preliminary delineation of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","indexId":"ofr8171","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary delineation of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38437,"text":"pp1404D - 1989 - The occurrence and geochemistry of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","indexId":"pp1404D","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"The occurrence and geochemistry of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":38437,"text":"pp1404D - 1989 - The occurrence and geochemistry of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","indexId":"pp1404D","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"The occurrence and geochemistry of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-17T18:03:25.706033","indexId":"ofr8171","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-71","title":"Preliminary delineation of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"<p>Salty ground water underlies freshwater in the eastern part of the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain. The transition zone between freshwater and saltwater is represented in this report by a series of maps showing the depths to chloride concentrations of 250, 1,000, 10,000, and 18,000 milligrams per liter. The maps are based on chloride concentrations obtained from self-potential logs as well as from water-quality analyses. </p><p>Depths to the designated chloride concentrations generally increase inland from the coast except in New Jersey where they are greatest along the coast and in North Carolina where depths to the 10,000 and 18,000 milligrams per liter concentrations are greatest beneath Pamlico Sound. The transition zone between 250 and 18,000 milligrams per liter of chloride is generally 1,500 to 2,300 feet thick except in part of North Carolina, where it is less than 1,000 feet. </p><p>Depths to 250 and 1,000 milligrams per liter of chloride are probably controlled by the natural flow pattern of fresh ground water. Areas where these concentrations are relatively shallow generally coincide with areas of natural ground-water discharge. Depths to 10,000 and 18,000 milligrams per liter of chloride, and the occurrence offshore of ground water that is fresher than seawater, is attributed to long-term hydrologic conditions during which sea level fluctuations of a few hundred feet recurred several times. The origin of ground water that is saltier than seawater is attributed to the leaching of evaporitic strata beneath the Continental Shelf and Slope followed by westward movement of the brines during periods of sea-level rise.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8171","usgsCitation":"Meisler, H., 1980, Preliminary delineation of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-71, Report: 41 p.; 4 Figures: 50.22 x 22.92 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8171.","productDescription":"Report: 41 p.; 4 Figures: 50.22 x 22.92 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":484706,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0071/figure-5.pdf","text":"Figure 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":484705,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0071/figure-4.pdf","text":"Figure 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":484704,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0071/figure-3.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":484703,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0071/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":484702,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0071/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144076,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0071/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47e4e4b07f02db4bb3fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meisler, Harold","contributorId":34103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meisler","given":"Harold","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":10313,"text":"ofr81386 - 1980 - Water-level monitoring along San Andreas and San Jacinto faults, southern California, during fiscal year 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-09T15:26:34.56685","indexId":"ofr81386","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-386","title":"Water-level monitoring along San Andreas and San Jacinto faults, southern California, during fiscal year 1980","docAbstract":"<p>Beginning in October 1976, a program of water-level monitoring of abandoned water wells was initiated in the Palmdale area with the purpose of identifying possible water-level changes premonitory to a major earthquake on the San Andreas fault. In October 1977, the program was extended southeastward along the rift zone to the Valyermo area. In November 1977, the monitoring of water wells along the San Jacinto fault was initiated with the expectation of experiencing a moderate size earthquake while monitoring was in progress. Currently over thirty wells are being monitored. Eleven wells are monitored continuously with Stevens Type F recorders, two of which have been modified to operate with the Caltech Remote Observatory Support Systems (TIMS). The remaining wells are probed weekly, or in some cases semi-weekly or daily, by volunteers. We are endeavoring to improve the volunteer program by increasing the frequency of measurements and simplifying the procedure to minimize measurement errors. Weekly water-level data are displayed on computer-generated hydrographs for each well. Rainfall and earthquakes are plotted on the graphs for direct comparison with water levels. The hydrographs are updated and reviewed weekly. Weekly hydrographs are also prepared from recorder charts on two wells maintained by W. R. Moyle, Jr., of the U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division Office, Laguna Niguel, California. A M5.5 earthquake occurred on 25 February 1980, between the Buck Ridge and San Jacinto strands of the San Jacinto fault zone, about 8 miles east-southeast of Anza. This is the largest earthquake which has occurred on the faults within our monitoring network. The Stevens recorder chart for well number 11S/6E-3N4 located in Borrego Valley about 20 miles southeast of the epicenter indicates that, during a period of about four hours on 21 February, the water level rose 1.5 to 1.6 feet and returned to its prior level. This is one of the most remarkable short-term water-level fluctuations observed during our monitoring program; it occurred about 88 hours prior to the earthquake. This well has been monitored since October 1977 and has had a Stevens recorder since October 1978. Long-term water levels have been remarkably steady compared to those in other wells we are monitoring. This well shows a strong response to earth tides. The Stevens record on a second well in Borrego Valley (11S/6E-1C1) showed a much smaller (0.1 foot) spike in water level at the same time as the spike in well number 11S/6E-3N4. Other continuously recording wells in Anza and Ocotillo Wells showed no identifiable water-level anomalies. The two wells in Borrego Valley which showed possible strain-induced water-level spikes appear to be more sensitive to earth tides than wells in the same area which did not show spikes in water level. We cannot conceive of any nontectonic cause for the spike on the Stevens record of well 11S/6E3N4. A creep event on the Coyote Creek fault about four miles from the well is one possibility. Because the spikes in the two wells in Borrego Valley are unique for the long-term record of these wells, they may represent precursors to the 25 February earthquake. Local seismic activity was also recorded in water levels of the two wells in Borrego Springs with continuous water-level recorders. One well showed peculiar high frequency water-level fluctuations from 22 July to 21 August 1980; since then the record has appeared normal. Several wells in the Palmdale-Valyermo area have shown peculiar changes in water level within the past year or so. The long-term hydrograph of well number 5N/12W-4H1 shows the most unusual behavior. The well showed no response to the 1977 and very heavy 1978 rainstorms, yet began to rise in early 1979 and continued to rise through the dry season of 1979. By comparison, most wells show a more normal seasonal response to rainfall. Eight wells in the Palmdale-Valyermo area have shown water-level changes which are different than would have been predicted from the previous history of water-level changes and seasonal rainfall. A longer period of observation is required to determine whether the changes are anomalous. Changes in the strain pattern and other geophysical phenomena have also been observed in southern California during about the same period as the water-level changes. If the water-level changes are the result of tectonic strain, the mechanism and significance are unknown. However, it is interesting that five of the eight wells with possibly anomalous water-level changes have been identified as good strain meters based on their response to earth tides. Six wells showing an unexpected rise in water level are located west of the earthquake swarm which occurred in 1976-1977 (McNally et al, 1978), whereas the two which show water levels lower than would have been predicted are located east of the earthquake swarm.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81386","usgsCitation":"Merifield, P., and Lamar, D., 1980, Water-level monitoring along San Andreas and San Jacinto faults, southern California, during fiscal year 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-386, x, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81386.","productDescription":"x, 77 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":405009,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0386/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0386/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"southern California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.1572265625,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3017578125,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3017578125,\n              35.782170703266075\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.1572265625,\n              35.782170703266075\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.1572265625,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb79d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merifield, P.M.","contributorId":69557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merifield","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lamar, D.L.","contributorId":53801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamar","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":11040,"text":"ofr80215 - 1980 - Summary of water-level and discharge records for the East Everglades area, Dade County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-25T19:50:26.645825","indexId":"ofr80215","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-215","title":"Summary of water-level and discharge records for the East Everglades area, Dade County, Florida","docAbstract":"<p>Information concerning data collected and records maintained for 25 surface-water and 10 ground-water sites in the East Everglades area is presented; listed are: location of sites, period of record, type of gage used, average discharge, and extremes for period of record. A history of records for each site includes the format of the data published and what data are stored in the U.S. Geological Survey computerized data system.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80215","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department","usgsCitation":"Schneider, J.J., 1980, Summary of water-level and discharge records for the East Everglades area, Dade County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-215, vi, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80215.","productDescription":"vi, 33 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":408720,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0215/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0215/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Dade County","otherGeospatial":"East Everglades area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.52154541015625,\n              25.64895443060557\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.25787353515625,\n              25.64895443060557\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.25787353515625,\n              25.94322678532246\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.52154541015625,\n              25.94322678532246\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.52154541015625,\n              25.64895443060557\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db697f3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schneider, James J.","contributorId":22356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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