The Southwest Mineral and Environmental Investigations Project is designed to address issues raised by rapid urban development in the basins of the southwestern U.S. These issues require objective geoscientific data that can be used by land managers and stakeholders to develop informed land and water use strategies. The project integrates new and existing geologic, geophysical, and geochemical data, and imagery to provide three-dimensional visualizations of the basins of southeastern Arizona. Emphasis is on developing better knowledge of the aquifer systems of both the basins and the ranges, on acquiring background and baseline information, and on determining the distribution of metals related to mineralization and the fate of these metals in surface and subsurface environments. The products of the project will be used in resolving issues of water quality and quantity, in understanding environmental impacts such as riparian ecosystem maintenace, and in evaluating mineral resources beneath and within the basins.
\nThe field trip highlights three topics and areas (figs. 1 and 2): (1) geology and geophysics of the upper San Pedro and upper Santa Cruz basins (M.E. Gettings, M. W. Bultman, and B.B. Houser), (2) geology, geophysics, and mineral resource potential of the San Rafael basin (M.W. Bultman), and (3) hydrology and aqueous geochemistry of the Red Mountain and Sonoita Creek drainage system (Floyd Gray). The trip guide, which begins and ends in Tucson, Arizona, also includes commentary on the cultural and mining history of the area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99544","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Houser, B.B., Gettings, M.E., Bultman, M., Gray, F., Caruthers, K., and Hirschberg, D., 1999, Field trip guide to selected studies of the Southwest Mineral and Environmental Investigations Project in southeastern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-544, Report: 50 p., Readme, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99544.","productDescription":"Report: 50 p., Readme","numberOfPages":"55","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154786,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr99544.jpg"},{"id":285053,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0544/pdf/of99-544.pdf"},{"id":1204,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0544/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285052,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0544/readme.doc"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum 1927","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"San Rafael Basin, Red Mountain, Sonoita Creek, Upper San Pedro Basin, Upper Santa Cruz Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.249619,31.318448 ], [ -111.249619,32.500496 ], [ -109.749298,32.500496 ], [ -109.749298,31.318448 ], [ -111.249619,31.318448 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4b8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houser, B. B.","contributorId":46092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houser","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gettings, M. E.","contributorId":25148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gettings","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bultman, M.W.","contributorId":107306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bultman","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gray, Floyd 0000-0002-0223-8966 fgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-8966","contributorId":603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Floyd","email":"fgray@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Caruthers, K.R.","contributorId":19081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caruthers","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hirschberg, D.M.","contributorId":84664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirschberg","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":28465,"text":"wri984235 - 1999 - Effects on ground-water levels in the Missouri River alluvial aquifer caused by changes in Missouri River stage, Fremont and Monona Counties, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-14T14:28:54.144989","indexId":"wri984235","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4235","title":"Effects on ground-water levels in the Missouri River alluvial aquifer caused by changes in Missouri River stage, Fremont and Monona Counties, Iowa","docAbstract":"An analysis of available hydrologic data was conducted to evaluate the effects on groundwater levels in the Missouri River alluvial aquifer caused by changes in Missouri River stage at selected sites in Fremont and Monona Counties in western Iowa. Daily mean ground-water levels and river stage measured during November 1995- September 1996, simulated daily mean river stage for November 1995-December 1996 derived from simulated daily mean discharge for eight alternative water-management plans for the Missouri River, and simulated daily mean ground-water levels for November 1995- December 1996 for selected water-management plans were used in the study. The measured data represent hydrologic conditions for the Current (1998) Water-Control Plan of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
\nGround-water levels in the alluvial aquifer vary in response to river stage, precipitation, proximity to drainage ditches, evapotranspiration, and pumpage. In Fremont County, measured ground-water levels generally were lower than river stage during the spring, summer, and fall months. In Monona County, measured ground-water levels generally were higher than river stage. Water levels in wells at distances greater than about 8,000 feet from the river in Fremont County and about 6,500 feet in Monona County likely were more affected by precipitation or proximity to drainage ditches than by river stage.
\nChanges in river stage likely affect groundwater levels in Fremont County to a greater degree than in Monona County. In Fremont County, the hydraulic gradient generally is from the river to the aquifer; in Monona County, the gradient generally is from the aquifer to the river. The response of ground- water levels to changes in river stage in Monona County is less apparent than in Fremont County. The higher ground-water levels in Monona County indicate that the effects of other factors, such as differences in recharge from precipitation and aquifer properties, are more dominant than in Fremont County.
\nGenerally, the effects of simulated river stage caused higher simulated ground-water levels in Fremont and Monona Counties at distances less than 10,000 feet from the river during the spring months for selected alternatives to the Current Water-Control Plan that target increased benefits to fish and wildlife. Local hydrogeologic conditions will determine how significantly the possible 1- to 4-foot change in ground-water levels affects land use within 10,000 feet of the river. For example, lower river stage and ground-water levels during the mid-summer months could improve drainage in lowland areas during periods of greater-than-normal precipitation. Actual depth to ground water might be controlled by factors other than river stage, such as proximity to drainage ditches and local differences in recharge by precipitation, discharge from evapotranspiration, aquifer properties, and land-surface altitude.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City, IA","doi":"10.3133/wri984235","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Fremont County Board of Supervisors","usgsCitation":"Lucey, K.J., Schaap, B.D., and Fischer, E.E., 1999, Effects on ground-water levels in the Missouri River alluvial aquifer caused by changes in Missouri River stage, Fremont and Monona Counties, Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4235, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984235.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":95713,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4235/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159307,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4235/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":466121,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49048.htm","text":"Fremont County","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":466122,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49049.htm","text":"Monona County","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Fremont County, Monona County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.88317871093749,\n 40.588928169693745\n ],\n [\n -95.88317871093749,\n 40.76806170936614\n ],\n [\n -95.64147949218749,\n 40.76806170936614\n ],\n [\n -95.64147949218749,\n 40.588928169693745\n ],\n [\n -95.88317871093749,\n 40.588928169693745\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.2347412109375,\n 41.95949009892465\n ],\n [\n -96.2347412109375,\n 42.04113400940809\n ],\n [\n -96.119384765625,\n 42.04113400940809\n ],\n [\n -96.119384765625,\n 41.95949009892465\n ],\n [\n -96.2347412109375,\n 41.95949009892465\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60fa7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucey, Keith J. kjlucey@usgs.gov","contributorId":185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucey","given":"Keith","email":"kjlucey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":199847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schaap, Bryan D.","contributorId":63438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaap","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fischer, Edward E. edf@usgs.gov","contributorId":1063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Edward","email":"edf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":199848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25730,"text":"wri994119 - 1999 - Quantification of metal loading in Fisher Creek by tracer injection and synoptic sampling, Park County, Montana, August 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-27T06:24:57","indexId":"wri994119","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4119","title":"Quantification of metal loading in Fisher Creek by tracer injection and synoptic sampling, Park County, Montana, August 1997","docAbstract":"Acid mine drainage from abandoned and inactive mines affects the water quality of the upper reaches of Fisher Creek, Montana. A sodium chloride tracer was added to the stream for 29.5 hours to provide a hydrologic context for synoptic sampling of metal chemistry in the stream and its inflows. The detailed profile of stream discharge obtained from the sampling helped to indicate those areas of Fisher Creek where most of the metal loading occurred. Inflows to the stream can be divided between visible surface inflows, which were sampled, and subsurface inflows, which were not sampled, but the effects of both types of inflows on the stream load were quantified. Substantial loads were attributed to both sources. These results indicate that treatment of large visible inflows, particularly the Glengary adit, could still leave metal concentrations in Fisher Creek at levels that may adversely affect aquatic life.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/wri994119","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Kimball, B.A., Nimick, D.A., Gerner, L.J., and Runkel, R.L., 1999, Quantification of metal loading in Fisher Creek by tracer injection and synoptic sampling, Park County, Montana, August 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4119, vi, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994119.","productDescription":"vi, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"49","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4119/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95557,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4119/report.pdf","size":"3176","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Park County","otherGeospatial":"Fisher Creek","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-110.2821,46.1847],[-110.2815,46.1596],[-110.2816,46.1348],[-110.2901,46.1344],[-110.2904,46.0447],[-110.29,45.9595],[-110.2908,45.9289],[-110.2916,45.8708],[-110.2912,45.7852],[-110.2207,45.7842],[-110.2182,45.6072],[-110.2145,45.5523],[-110.2175,45.4824],[-110.2166,45.37],[-110.2167,45.3494],[-110.2297,45.3494],[-110.2286,45.2946],[-110.2275,45.259],[-110.2276,45.2306],[-110.227,45.2051],[-110.2271,45.1763],[-110.059,45.1758],[-109.7977,45.1729],[-109.7977,45.1665],[-109.7979,45.0939],[-109.7969,45.003],[-109.8524,45.0029],[-109.9988,45.0026],[-110.1325,45.0022],[-110.133,45.0021],[-110.2006,44.9942],[-110.3717,44.9972],[-110.4021,44.9921],[-110.4302,44.9921],[-110.5806,44.9925],[-110.7072,44.9929],[-110.7756,45.0019],[-110.7823,45.0018],[-110.8004,45.0017],[-111.0418,45],[-111.0411,45.078],[-111.0427,45.0773],[-111.0429,45.1024],[-111.0424,45.1307],[-111.042,45.1599],[-111.0422,45.1791],[-111.0364,45.1791],[-111.0355,45.234],[-111.0357,45.2614],[-111.0351,45.3495],[-110.9366,45.349],[-110.9145,45.3486],[-110.9146,45.3619],[-110.9164,45.451],[-110.9174,45.4953],[-110.9175,45.5245],[-110.859,45.5247],[-110.8568,45.5896],[-110.7943,45.5902],[-110.7937,45.6113],[-110.794,45.6657],[-110.7935,45.6977],[-110.7942,45.7132],[-110.7945,45.7864],[-110.7886,45.7864],[-110.7888,45.8299],[-110.7884,45.8871],[-110.7893,45.9301],[-110.7887,45.9452],[-110.7889,46.1425],[-110.7836,46.1425],[-110.7825,46.1933],[-110.5789,46.1913],[-110.55,46.1913],[-110.5264,46.1913],[-110.4062,46.1904],[-110.4068,46.1844],[-110.3031,46.1852],[-110.2821,46.1847]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Park\",\"state\":\"MT\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a86e4b07f02db64e148","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nimick, David A. dnimick@usgs.gov","contributorId":421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"David","email":"dnimick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gerner, Linda J.","contributorId":54250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerner","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25834,"text":"wri984249 - 1999 - Water-quality assessment of the New England coastal basins in Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island: Environmental settings and implications for water quality and aquatic biota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-22T22:55:18.732039","indexId":"wri984249","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4249","title":"Water-quality assessment of the New England coastal basins in Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island: Environmental settings and implications for water quality and aquatic biota","docAbstract":"The New England Coastal Basins in Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island constitute one of 59 study units selected for water-quality assessment as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program. England Coastal Basins study unit encompasses the fresh surface waters and ground waters in a 23,000 square-mile area that drains to the Atlantic Ocean. Major basins include those of the Kennebec, Androscoggin, Saco, Merrimack, Charles, Blackstone, Taunton, and Pawcatuck Rivers. Defining the environmental setting of the study unit is the first step in designing and conducting a multi-disciplinary regional water-quality assessment. The report describes the natural and human factors that affect water quality in the basins and includes descriptions of the physiography, climate, geology, soils, surface- and ground-water hydrology, land use, and the aquatic ecosystem. Although surface-water quality has greatly improved over the past 30 years as a result of improved wastewater treatment at municipal and industrial wastewater facilities, a number of water-quality problems remain. Industrial and municipal wastewater discharges, combined sewer overflows, hydrologic modifications from dams and water diversions, and runoff from urban land use are the major causes of water-quality degradation in 1998. The most frequently detected contaminants in ground water in the study area are volatile organic compounds, petroleum-related products, nitrates, and chloride and sodium. Sources of these contaminants include leaking storage tanks, accidental spills, landfills, road salting, and septic systems and lagoons. Elevated concentrations of mercury are found in fish tissue from streams and lakes throughout the study area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984249","usgsCitation":"Flanagan, S., Nielsen, M.G., Robinson, K.W., and Coles, J.F., 1999, Water-quality assessment of the New England coastal basins in Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island: Environmental settings and implications for water quality and aquatic biota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4249, vii, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984249.","productDescription":"vii, 62 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158522,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":396300,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16456.htm"},{"id":2062,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri984249","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"New England coastal basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72,\n 41.3\n ],\n [\n -69.183,\n 41.3\n ],\n [\n -69.183,\n 45.733\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 45.733\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 41.3\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb5b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flanagan, Sarah M.","contributorId":8492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flanagan","given":"Sarah M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nielsen, Martha G. 0000-0003-3038-9400 mnielsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3038-9400","contributorId":4169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Martha","email":"mnielsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, Keith W. kwrobins@usgs.gov","contributorId":2969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Keith","email":"kwrobins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":195269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coles, James F. 0000-0002-1953-012X jcoles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-012X","contributorId":2239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coles","given":"James","email":"jcoles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":26052,"text":"wri984229 - 1999 - Ground-water hydrology and simulation of five remediation alternatives for an area affected by uranium-mill effluent near Canon City, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri984229","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4229","title":"Ground-water hydrology and simulation of five remediation alternatives for an area affected by uranium-mill effluent near Canon City, Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984229","usgsCitation":"Banta, E., and Chafin, D.T., 1999, Ground-water hydrology and simulation of five remediation alternatives for an area affected by uranium-mill effluent near Canon City, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4229, v, 95 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984229.","productDescription":"v, 95 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95578,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4229/report.pdf","size":"15734","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4229/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668d4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banta, Edward R.","contributorId":49820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"Edward R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chafin, Daniel T.","contributorId":77500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chafin","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26293,"text":"wri984265 - 1999 - Precipitation-runoff, suspended-sediment, and flood-frequency characteristics for urbanized areas of Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:17","indexId":"wri984265","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4265","title":"Precipitation-runoff, suspended-sediment, and flood-frequency characteristics for urbanized areas of Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska","docAbstract":"The developed part of Elmendorf Air Force Base near Anchorage, Alaska, consists of two basins with drainage areas of 4.0 and 0.64 square miles, respectively. Runoff and suspended-sediment data were collected from August 1996 to March 1998 to gain a basic understanding of the surface-water hydrology of these areas and to estimate flood-frequency characteristics. Runoff from the larger basin averaged 6 percent of rainfall, whereas runoff from the smaller basin averaged 13 percent of rainfall. During rainfall periods, the suspended-sediment load transported from the larger watershed ranged from 179 to 21,000 pounds and that from the smaller watershed ranged from 23 to 18,200 pounds. On a yield basis, suspended sediment from the larger watershed was 78 pounds per inch of runoff and from the smaller basin was 100 pounds per inch of runoff. Suspended-sediment loads and yields were generally lower during snowmelt periods than during rainfall periods.\r\n\r\nAt each outfall of the two watersheds, water flows into steep natural channels. Suspended-sediment loads measured approximately 1,000 feet downstream from the outfalls during rainfall periods ranged from 8,450 to 530,000 pounds. On a yield basis, suspended sediment averaged 705 pounds per inch of runoff, more than three times as much as the combined sediment yield from the two watersheds. The increase in suspended sediment is most likely due to natural erosion of the streambanks.\r\n\r\nStreamflow data, collected in 1996 and 1997, were used to calibrate and verify a U.S. Geological Survey computer model?the Distributed Routing Rainfall Runoff Model-Version II (DR3M-II). The model was then used to simulate annual peak discharges and runoff volumes for 1981 to 1995 using historical rainfall records. Because the model indicated that surcharging (or ponding) would occur, no flood-frequency analysis was done for peak discharges. A flood-frequency analysis of flood volumes indicated that a 10-year flood would result in 0.39 inch of runoff (averaged over the entire drainage basin) from the larger watershed and 1.1 inches of runoff from the smaller watershed.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984265","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 1999, Precipitation-runoff, suspended-sediment, and flood-frequency characteristics for urbanized areas of Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4265, v, 34 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 17 illus.; 17 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984265.","productDescription":"v, 34 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 17 illus.; 17 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157403,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1994,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://smig.usgs.gov/SMIG/features_0399/elmendorf.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6997a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":196129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24443,"text":"ofr99273 - 1999 - Precipitation, atmospheric deposition, streamflow, and water-quality data from selected sites in the city of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, 1997–98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-27T21:05:23.653278","indexId":"ofr99273","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-273","title":"Precipitation, atmospheric deposition, streamflow, and water-quality data from selected sites in the city of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, 1997–98","docAbstract":"Precipitation data were collected at 46 precipitation sites and 3 atmospheric deposition sites, and hydrologic data were collected at 6 stream sites in the vicinity of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, from July 1997 through September 1998. Data were collected to identify the type, concentration, and amount of nonpoint-source stormwater runoff in the study area. The data collected include measurements of precipitation; streamflow; physical characteristics, such as water temperature, pH, specific conductance, biochemical oxygen demand, oil and grease, and suspended-sediment concentrations; and concentrations of nutrients, metals and minor constituents, and organic compounds. These data will provide information needed for (1) planned watershed simulation models, (2) estimates of nonpoint-source constituent loadings to the Catawba River, and (3) characterization of water quality in relation to basin conditions. Streamflow and rainfall data have been used to provide early warnings of possible flooding.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99273","usgsCitation":"Sarver, K.M., Hazell, W., and Robinson, J.B., 1999, Precipitation, atmospheric deposition, streamflow, and water-quality data from selected sites in the city of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, 1997–98: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-273, vi, 144 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99273.","productDescription":"vi, 144 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":53520,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0273/ofr19990273.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 1999-273"},{"id":408833,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23164.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":157180,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0273/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Mecklenburg County","city":"Charlotte","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.112,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -81.112,\n 35.011\n ],\n [\n -80.106,\n 35.011\n ],\n [\n -80.106,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -81.112,\n 35.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
A statewide study was conducted to develop two methods for estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods in rural ungaged basins in North Carolina. Flood-frequency estimates for gaged sites in North Carolina were computed by fitting the annual peak flows for each site to a log-Pearson Type III distribution. As part of the computation of flood-frequency estimates for gaged sites, new values for generalized skew coefficients were developed. Basin characteristics for these gaged sites were computed by using a geographic information system and automated computer algorithms. Flood-frequency estimates and basin characteristics for 317 gaged sites were combined to form the data base that was used for this analysis.
Regional regression analysis, using generalized least-squares regression, was used to develop a set of predictive equations that can be used to estimate the 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, 200-, and 500-year recurrence interval discharges for rural ungaged basins in the Blue Ridge-Piedmont, Coastal Plain, and Sand Hills hydrologic areas. The predictive equations are all functions of drainage area. Average errors of prediction for these regression equations range from 36 to 65 percent.
A region-of-influence method also was developed that interactively estimates recurrence interval discharges for rural ungaged basins in the Blue Ridge-Piedmont and Coastal Plain hydrologic areas of North Carolina. Regression techniques are used to develop a unique relation between flood discharge and basin characteristics for a subset of gaged sites with similar basin characteristics. This, then, can be used to estimate flood discharges at ungaged sites. Because the computations required for this method are somewhat complex, a computer application was developed that performs the computations and compares the predictive errors for this method. The computer application also includes the option of using the regression equations to compute estimated flood discharges and errors of prediction specific to each ungaged site.
Root mean square errors, computed for each recurrence interval and hydrologic area, are generally only slightly lower for the region-of-influence method than for the regression equations and do not provide sufficient basis for recommending one method over the other. In addition, the region-of-influence method is a new method that is still being improved. As a result, the regional regression equations are considered to be the primary method for computing flood-frequency estimates at ungaged sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994114","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Carolina Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Pope, B.F., and Tasker, G.D., 1999, Estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods in rural basins of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4114, iii, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994114.","productDescription":"iii, 44 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353602,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4114/wri19994114.pdf","text":"Report","size":"415 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 1999-4114"},{"id":334412,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4114/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984112","usgsCitation":"Savoie, J., 1999, Analysis of carbon isotopes, determination of ground-water age, and estimated characteristics of the contaminant source at two fuel-spill plumes, western Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4112, iv, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984112.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411647,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19220.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":95764,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4112/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159803,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4112/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.7135009765625,\n 41.40565583808169\n ],\n [\n -69.873046875,\n 41.40565583808169\n ],\n [\n -69.873046875,\n 42.05745022024682\n ],\n [\n -70.7135009765625,\n 42.05745022024682\n ],\n [\n -70.7135009765625,\n 41.40565583808169\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db680690","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savoie, Jennifer G.","contributorId":52218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoie","given":"Jennifer G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30255,"text":"wri994018A - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 1 (Part A)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-06T15:23:55.66497","indexId":"wri994018A","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4018","chapter":"A","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 1 (Part A)","docAbstract":"This report contains papers presented at the seventh Technical Meeting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Toxic Substances Hydrology (Toxics) Program. The meeting was held March 8-12, 1999, in Charleston, South Carolina. Toxics Program Technical Meetings are held periodically to provide a forum for presentation and discussion of results of recent research activities.
The objectives of these meetings are to:
The Proceedings is published in three volumes. Volume 1 contains papers that report on results of research on contamination from hard-rock mining. Results include research on contamination from hard rock mining in arid southwest alluvial basins, research on hard rock mining in mountainous terrain, and progress from the USGS Abandoned Mine Lands Initiative. This Initiative is designed to develop a watershed-based approach to characterize and remediate contamination from abandoned mine lands and transfer technologies to Federal land management agencies and stakeholders.
Volume 2 contains papers on contamination of hydrologic systems and related ecosystems. The papers discuss research on the response of estuarine ecosystems to contamination from human activities. They include research on San Francisco Bay; mercury contamination of aquatic ecosystems; and investigation of the occurrence, distribution, and fate of agricultural chemicals in the Mississippi River Basin. This volume also contains results on development and reconnaissance testing of new methods to detect emerging contaminants in environmental samples.
Volume 3 contains papers on subsurface contamination from point sources. The papers discuss research on: hydrocarbons and fuel oxygenates at gasoline release sites; ground-water contamination by crude oil; complex contaminant mixtures from treated wastewater discharges; waste disposal and subsurface transport of contaminants in arid environments; ground water and surface water affected by municipal landfill leachate; natural attenuation of chlorinated solvents; and characterizing flow and transport in fractured rock aquifers.
In all, the more than 175 papers contained in this proceedings reflect the contributions of more than 350 scientists who are co-authors. These scientists are from across the USGS, as well as from universities, other Federal and State agencies, and industry.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984070","usgsCitation":"Buxton, H., Smolensky, D., and Shernoff, P., 1999, Feasibility of using ground water as a supplemental supply for Brooklyn and Queens, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4070, v, 33 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984070.","productDescription":"v, 33 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266238,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4070/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Brooklyn, Queens","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.05403137207031,\n 40.65199222800328\n ],\n [\n -73.83842468261719,\n 40.65199222800328\n ],\n [\n -73.83842468261719,\n 40.803934592883806\n ],\n [\n -74.05403137207031,\n 40.803934592883806\n ],\n [\n -74.05403137207031,\n 40.65199222800328\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f6f12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buxton, H. T.","contributorId":67873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buxton","given":"H. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smolensky, D. A.","contributorId":46094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smolensky","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shernoff, P. K.","contributorId":22779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shernoff","given":"P. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25684,"text":"wri984177 - 1999 - Nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations, trends, loads, and yields from the nontidal part of the Susquehanna, Potomac, Patuxent, and Choptank rivers, 1985-96","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-06T20:03:24.948389","indexId":"wri984177","displayToPublicDate":"2000-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4177","title":"Nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations, trends, loads, and yields from the nontidal part of the Susquehanna, Potomac, Patuxent, and Choptank rivers, 1985-96","docAbstract":"The Chesapeake Bay River-Input Monitoring Program was established to characterize the water quality of four major rivers in Maryland, and to quantify the load and the long-term trends in concentrations of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and suspended sediment transported from the nontidal part of each river to the Chesapeake Bay. As part of the River-Input Monitoring Program, nutrient and suspended-sediment data and streamflow data were collected from 1985 through 1996 at the Susquehanna, Potomac, Patuxent, and Choptank Rivers above the points of tidal influence. The data were used to determine the effectiveness of strategies aimed at reducing nutrients entering Chesapeake Bay from its tributaries. Of the four rivers studied, the Patuxent River had the highest median concentrations of total nitrogen (2.6 milligrams per liter), total phosphorus (0.17 milligrams per liter), and suspended sediment (45 milligrams per liter) during the 12-year period. From 1985?96, flow-adjusted concentrations of total nitrogen decreased in all but the Potomac River, flow-adjusted concentrations of total phosphorus decreased in all four rivers, and flow-adjusted concentrations of suspended sediment decreased in all but the Susquehanna River. The rivers that contributed the greatest amount of streamflow to Chesapeake Bay, the Susquehanna and Potomac, also contributed the greatest nutrient loads and suspended-sediment loads to the Bay. The Susquehanna River transported the highest average-annual loads of total phosphorus (4.7 million pounds per year) and total nitrogen (146 million pounds per year), while the Potomac River transported the highest average-annual load of suspended sediment (4.1 billion pounds per year) to the Bay. Annual loads and annual mean streamflow were normalized by basin drainage area to account for some of the hydrologic differences among the river basins. An increase in precipitation from south to north is still apparent, however, when comparing the water yields among river basins. The Susquehanna River Basin had the highest median annual water yield during the study period; the other three basins all had similar water yields. The Susquehanna River and the Patuxent River had the highest median annual yields of nitrogen during the study period. The Patuxent River also had the highest median annual yield of total phosphorus during the study period, while the Potomac River had the highest median yield of suspended sediment. Annual yields of total phosphorus and suspended sediment from the Susquehanna and the Choptank River Basins are lower than those from the Potomac and Patuxent River Basins. These relatively small yields from the Susquehanna River may be due to the location of the sampling station below Conowingo Dam. A series of three dams upstream trap a large percentage of sediment and total phosphorus carried by the Susquehanna River to Chesapeake Bay.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984177","usgsCitation":"Darrell, L.C., Majedi, B.F., Lizarraga, J.S., and Blomquist, J., 1999, Nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations, trends, loads, and yields from the nontidal part of the Susquehanna, Potomac, Patuxent, and Choptank rivers, 1985-96: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4177, v, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984177.","productDescription":"v, 38 p.","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":95550,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4177/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156109,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4177/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":411515,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19248.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Susquehana, Potomac, Patuxent, and Choptank Rivers","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.717,\n 42.467\n ],\n [\n -80.717,\n 37.3\n ],\n [\n -74.633,\n 37.3\n ],\n [\n -74.633,\n 42.467\n ],\n [\n -80.717,\n 42.467\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6967c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Darrell, Linda C.","contributorId":6092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darrell","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Majedi, Brenda F. blfeit@usgs.gov","contributorId":5060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Majedi","given":"Brenda","email":"blfeit@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":194648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lizarraga, Joy S.","contributorId":43735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lizarraga","given":"Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blomquist, Joel D. jdblomqu@usgs.gov","contributorId":3774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blomquist","given":"Joel D.","email":"jdblomqu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":194647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25524,"text":"wri984184 - 1999 - Geohydrology of monitoring wells drilled in Oasis Valley near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-02T19:51:49","indexId":"wri984184","displayToPublicDate":"2000-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4184","displayTitle":"Geohydrology of Monitoring Wells Drilled in Oasis Valley near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, 1997","title":"Geohydrology of monitoring wells drilled in Oasis Valley near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, 1997","docAbstract":"Twelve monitoring wells were installed in 1997 at seven sites in and near Oasis Valley, Nevada. The wells, ranging in depth from 65 to 642 feet, were installed to measure water levels and to collect water-quality samples. Well-construction data and geologic and geophysical logs are presented in this report. Seven geologic units were identified and described from samples collected during the drilling: (1) Ammonia Tanks Tuff; (2) Tuff of Cutoff Road; (3) tuffs, not formally named but informally referred to in this report as the 'tuff of Oasis Valley'; (4) lavas informally named the 'rhyolitic lavas of Colson Pond'; (5) Tertiary colluvial and alluvial gravelly deposits; (6) Tertiary and Quaternary colluvium; and (7) Quaternary alluvium. Water levels in the wells were measured in October 1997 and February 1998 and ranged from about 18 to 350 feet below land surface. Transmissive zones in one of the boreholes penetrating volcanic rock were identified using flowmeter data. Zones with the highest transmissivity are at depths of about 205 feet in the 'rhyolitic lavas of Colson Pond' and 340 feet within the 'tuff of Oasis Valley.'","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984184","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy Nevada Operations Office, under Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-96NV11967","usgsCitation":"Robledo, A.R., Ryder, P.L., Fenelon, J.M., and Paillet, F.L., 1999, Geohydrology of monitoring wells drilled in Oasis Valley near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, 1997 (Version 1.1, Revised Nov 2008): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4184, iii, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984184.","productDescription":"iii, 40 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157673,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12090,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri984184/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117,36 ], [ -117,38 ], [ -115.75,38 ], [ -115.75,36 ], [ -117,36 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.1, Revised Nov 2008","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8acc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robledo, Armando R.","contributorId":27848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robledo","given":"Armando","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryder, Philip L.","contributorId":22806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fenelon, Joseph M. 0000-0003-4449-245X jfenelon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4449-245X","contributorId":2355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenelon","given":"Joseph","email":"jfenelon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":38191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":31023,"text":"wri994018B - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 2 (Part B)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T14:51:54.281033","indexId":"wri994018B","displayToPublicDate":"2000-11-01T02:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4018","chapter":"B","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 2 (Part B)","docAbstract":"This report contains papers presented at the seventh Technical Meeting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Toxic Substances Hydrology (Toxics) Program. The meeting was held March 8-12, 1999, in Charleston, South Carolina. Toxics Program Technical Meetings are held periodically to provide a forum for presentation and discussion of results of recent research activities.
The objectives of these meetings are to:
The Proceedings is published in three volumes. Volume 1 contains papers that report on results of research on contamination from hard-rock mining. Results include research on contamination from hard rock mining in arid southwest alluvial basins, research on hard rock mining in mountainous terrain, and progress from the USGS Abandoned Mine Lands Initiative. This Initiative is designed to develop a watershed-based approach to characterize and remediate contamination from abandoned mine lands and transfer technologies to Federal land management agencies and stakeholders.
Volume 2 contains papers on contamination of hydrologic systems and related ecosystems. The papers discuss research on the response of estuarine ecosystems to contamination from human activities. They include research on San Francisco Bay; mercury contamination of aquatic ecosystems; and investigation of the occurrence, distribution, and fate of agricultural chemicals in the Mississippi River Basin. This volume also contains results on development and reconnaissance testing of new methods to detect emerging contaminants in environmental samples.
Volume 3 contains papers on subsurface contamination from point sources. The papers discuss research on: hydrocarbons and fuel oxygenates at gasoline release sites; ground-water contamination by crude oil; complex contaminant mixtures from treated wastewater discharges; waste disposal and subsurface transport of contaminants in arid environments; ground water and surface water affected by municipal landfill leachate; natural attenuation of chlorinated solvents; and characterizing flow and transport in fractured rock aquifers.
In all, the more than 175 papers contained in this proceedings reflect the contributions of more than 350 scientists who are co-authors. These scientists are from across the USGS, as well as from universities, other Federal and State agencies, and industry.
The Trouts Lane well field in Stewartstown, Pa., was selected as a case study for delineating a contributing area in a fractured crystalline-bedrock aquifer. The study emphasized the importance of refining the understanding of boundary conditions and major heterogeneities that affect ground-water movement to the supply well by conducting (1) fracture-trace mapping, (2) borehole logging and flow measurements, (3) ground-water level monitoring, (4) aquifer testing, and (5) geochemical sampling. Methods and approach used in this study could be applicable for other wells in crystalline-bedrock terranes in southeastern Pennsylvania.
Methods of primary importance for refining the understanding of hydrology at the Trouts Lane well field were the aquifer tests, water-level measurements, and geophysical logging. Results from the constant-discharge aquifer test helped identify a major north-south trending hydraulic connection between supply well SW6 and a domestic-supply well. Aquifer-test results also indicated fractures that transmit most water to the supply well are hydraulically well-connected to the shallow regolith and highly weathered schist. Results from slug tests provided estimates of transmissivity and the nonuniform distribution of transmissivity throughout the well field, indicating the water-producing fractures are not evenly distributed and ground-water velocities must vary considerably throughout the well field. Water levels, which were easy to measure, provided additional evidence of hydraulic connections among wells. More importantly, they allowed the water-table configuration to be mapped. Borehole geophysics and flow measurements within the well were very useful because results indicated water entered supply well SW6 through bedrock fractures at very shallow depths—less than 60 ft below land surface; therefore, the area providing recharge to the well is probably in the immediate vicinity.
Preliminary delineations of the contributing area and the 90-day time-of-travel area were computed from a steady-state water budget and a time-of-travel equation. This easy approach provides insight into the size (but not the shape) of contributing areas. Three other approaches were used to refine the contributing-area shape: (1) uniform-flow equation, (2) water-table mapping, and (3) numerical modeling. The contributing areas computed from each approach differed depending on the simplification of the hydrogeologic framework that was made in each method of analysis. Although the approaches vary in complexity, regardless of the approach used, an estimate of the water-table configuration in the vicinity of the well field was key for making the best possible delineation of the contributing area.
A major limitation of this investigation was the inability to refine the delineation of the time-of-travel area. A time-of-travel area is based on the distance water travels in a given time. Because a few discrete fractures probably supply a significant amount of water to supply well SW6, the effective porosity (and hence, traveltime) of ground water is best estimated using tracers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994047","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Supply Management","usgsCitation":"Barton, G., Risser, D.W., Galeone, D.G., and Conger, R.W., 1999, Case study for delineating a contributing area to a water-supply well in a fractured crystalline-bedrock aquifer, Stewartstown, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4047, vi, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994047.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157533,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4047/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":1954,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4047/wri19994047.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.87 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI1999-4047"}],"contact":"Director, Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Pennsylvania Water Science Center
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070
Fish communities in the Upper Mississippi River Basin have been affected by changing environmental and land-use factors. Fish communities in small streams in agricultural and urban basins were compared to the fish community in a relatively undisturbed forested basin. In small streams, nutrient inputs from fertilizer, habitat modification from channelization, hydrologic modification from dams and tile drains, and increased water temperatures from loss of riparian shading have contributed to producing a change in fish community composition. In the large rivers, some of the changes that have occurred from sites upstream to downstream of the Twin Cities metropolitan area are primarily caused by the environmental effects of dams constructed as part of the lock and dam commercial navigation system. Although some of the differences upstream and downstream of the Twin Cities metropolitan area are due to zoogeographic variability, the major changes in the downstream community are shifts to more lentic species, species with higher thermal tolerance, and more planktivorous species. These changes are an extension of the changes observed in the small streams due to increased nutrients, increased water temperatures, and habitat alteration.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri994034","usgsCitation":"Goldstein, R.M., Lee, K.E., Talmage, P., Stauffer, J.C., and Anderson, J.P., 1999, Relation of fish community composition to environmental and land use factors in part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, 1995-97: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4034, vi, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994034.","productDescription":"vi, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391713,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18928.htm"},{"id":156173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4034/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95558,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4034/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.33,\n 43.2330\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 47.55\n ],\n [\n -91,\n 47.55\n ],\n [\n -91,\n 43.2330\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 43.2330\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db634ce5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldstein, R. M.","contributorId":98305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, K. E.","contributorId":100014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Talmage, P. J.","contributorId":20356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talmage","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stauffer, J. C.","contributorId":25597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, J. 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Differences in total Pb concentrations among aquifer systems reflect the combined influence of anthropogenic sources and chemical conditions in each system. A highly significant (p<0.001) difference in median total Pb concentrations was found for water samples from wells with water-level recording devices that contain Pb-counterweights (14 mg/L) compared to non-recorder wells (2 mg/L). Differences between total Pb concentrations for recorder and non-recorder wells are even more pronounced when compared for each aquifer system. The largest differences for recorder status are found for the surficial aquifer system, where median total Pb concentrations are 44 and 2.4 mg/L for recorder wells and non-recorder wells, respectively. Leaching of Pb from metal casing materials is another potential source of Pb in ground water samples. Median total Pb concentrations in water samples from the surficial, intermediate, and Floridan aquifer systems are higher from recorder wells cased with black iron than for recorder wells with steel and PVC casing material. Stable isotopes of Pb were used in this study to distinguish between anthropogenic and natural sources of Pb in ground water, as Pb retains the isotopic signature of the source from which it is derived. Based on similarities between slopes and intercepts of trend lines for various sample types (plots of 206Pb/204Pb versus 208Pb/204Pb and 207Pb/204Pb versus 208Pb/204Pb) the predominant source of total Pb in water samples from the surficial aquifer system is corrosion of Pb counterweights. It is likely that only ground-water samples, not the aquifer, were contaminated with elevated Pb concentations. Pb-isotopic ratios of water from the Floridan aquifer system plot between trend lines connecting the isotopic composition of Pb counterweights and the composition of acid leachates of material from the Floridan aquifer system, indicating that Pb in these waters most likely is a mixture of Pb derived from aquifer material and corrosion of Pb counterweights. ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994020","usgsCitation":"Katz, B., Bullen, M., Bullen, T., and Hansard, P., 1999, Factors controlling elevated lead concentrations in water samples from aquifer systems in Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4020, iv, 22 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994020.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p. 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