Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen were used to trace the sources of recharge from sinking streams to wells and springs several kilometers downgradient in the karst Madison aquifer near Rapid City, South Dakota. Temporal sampling of streamflow above the swallets identified a distinct isotopic signature that was used to define the spatial dimensions of recharge to the aquifer. When more than one sinking stream was determined to be recharging a well or spring, the proportions were approximated using a two-component mixing model. From the isotopic analysis, it is possible to link sinking stream recharge to individual wells or springs in the Rapid City area and illustrate there is significant lateral movement of ground water across surface drainage basins. These results emphasize that well-head protection strategies developed for carbonate aquifers that provide industrial and municipal water supplies need to consider lateral movement of ground-water flow from adjacent surface drainage basins.
Plastic pollution has risen dramatically with an increase in production of plastic resin during the past few decades. Plastic production in the United States increased from 2.9 million tons in I960 to 47.9 million tons in 1985 (Society of the Plastics Industry 1986). This has been paralleled by a significant increase in the concentration of plastic particles in oceanic surface waters of the North Pacific from the 1970s to the late 1980s (Day and Shaw 1987; Day et al. 1990a). Research during the past few decades has indicated two major interactions between marine life and oceanic plastic: entanglement and ingestion (Laist 1987). Studies in the last decade have documented the prevalence of plastic in the diets of many seabird species in the North Pacific and the need for further monitoring of those species and groups that ingest the most plastic (Day et al. 1985).
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine debris: Sources, impacts, and solutions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4613-8486-1_8","isbn":"978-1-4613-8486-1","usgsCitation":"Robards, M.D., and Gould, P.J., 1997, The highest global concentrations and increased abundance of oceanic plastic debris in the North Pacific: Evidence from seabirds, chap. 6 of Marine debris: Sources, impacts, and solutions, p. 71-80, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8486-1_8.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"80","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339156,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publicComments":"This book is a volume in the Springer Series on Environmental Management","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e4b0b3e4b09da6799977a3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Coe, James M.","contributorId":190470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coe","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688486,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, Donald B.","contributorId":190471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Donald B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688487,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Robards, Martin D.","contributorId":40148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robards","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gould, Patrick J.","contributorId":11667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70187676,"text":"70187676 - 1997 - Landsat TM memory effect characterization and correction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-12T13:44:47","indexId":"70187676","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1175,"text":"Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landsat TM memory effect characterization and correction","docAbstract":"Before radiometric calibration of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data can be done accurately, it is necessary to minimize the effects of artifacts present in the data that originate in the instrument's signal processing path. These artifacts have been observed in downlinked image data since shortly after launch of Landsat 4 and 5. However, no comprehensive work has been done to characterize all the artifacts and develop methods for their correction. In this paper, the most problematic artifact is discussed: memory effect (ME). Characterization of this artifact is presented, including the parameters necessary for its correction. In addition, a correction algorithm is described that removes the artifact from TM imagery. It will be shown that this artifact causes significant radiometry errors, but the effect can be removed in a straightforward manner.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/07038992.1997.10855215","usgsCitation":"Helder, D., Boncyk, W., and Morfitt, R., 1997, Landsat TM memory effect characterization and correction: Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 23, no. 4, p. 299-308, https://doi.org/10.1080/07038992.1997.10855215.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"308","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341231,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5916c9bde4b044b359e486c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helder, D. 0000-0002-7379-4679","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-4679","contributorId":15490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helder","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boncyk, W.","contributorId":59190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boncyk","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morfitt, R. 0000-0002-4777-4877","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4777-4877","contributorId":103858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morfitt","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70019946,"text":"70019946 - 1997 - Estimating ground-water recharge from streamflow hydrographs for a small mountain watershed in a temperate humid climate, New Hampshire, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-08T01:07:46.147575","indexId":"70019946","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating ground-water recharge from streamflow hydrographs for a small mountain watershed in a temperate humid climate, New Hampshire, United States","docAbstract":"Hydrographs of stream discharge were analyzed to determine ground-water recharge for two small basins draining into Mirror Lake, New Hampshire. Two methods of hydrograph analysis developed for determining ground-water recharge were evaluated, the instantaneous recharge method and the constant recharge method. For the instantaneous recharge method, recharge is assumed to be instantaneous and uniform over the basin. For the constant recharge method, recharge is assumed to be constant and uniform over the basin for a period of weeks to months. Both methods require that a ground-water recession slope be determined. The recession slope is used directly in the calculation for the instantaneous recharge method, and it is used as a base of reference for fitting a type curve in the constant recharge method. Results of the study indicated that the estimates of ground-water recharge for both methods agree to within about 10 percent. Two approaches to the instantaneous recharge method, manual and automated, were also evaluated, and the results were statistically similar.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00086.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Mau, D., and Winter, T.C., 1997, Estimating ground-water recharge from streamflow hydrographs for a small mountain watershed in a temperate humid climate, New Hampshire, United States: Groundwater, v. 35, no. 2, p. 291-304, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00086.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"304","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228067,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b20e4b0c8380cd525a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mau, D.P.","contributorId":40638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mau","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70019960,"text":"70019960 - 1997 - Presence and distribution of trace elements in new jersey streambed sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T11:06:25.193514","indexId":"70019960","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Presence and distribution of trace elements in new jersey streambed sediments","docAbstract":"ABSTRACT: The distribution of trace elements in New Jersey streambed sediments is described with respect to physiographic provinces and major drainage areas. Samples were collected during 1976–1993 at 295 sites distributed throughout New Jersey. Copper, chromium, lead, and zinc were detected with the greatest frequency and at the highest concentrations of the elements. Concentrations of most trace elements were significantly higher in streambed sediments from the New England (glaciated) and Piedmont physiographic provinces - the provinces with the lowest and highest percentages of urban land use, respectively - than in sediments from the other provinces. High trace-element concentrations in the New England (glaciated) province reflect previous mining of extensive magnetite deposits, whereas those in the Piedmont province most likely reflect urban land use. Significantly lower trace-element concentrations in streambed sediments from the Coastal Plain are attributable to the low pH of the streamwater, the lack of iron and manganese available to form coatings that scavenge trace elements, and the relatively low percentage of urban land use in the province. Trace-element concentrations were related to land use, population, or point sources in the drainage basin specific to the sampling location by using logistic regression. Results of this analysis indicate a relation between arsenic and agricultural land use; chromium and physiographic province; and copper, lead, and zinc and population density.
We studied the trophic interactions and spatial distributions of bluegills Lepomis macrochirus and largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides in a macrophyte bed in Lake Onalaska, a backwater lake in the upper Mississippi River. The diets of adult and age-0 bluegills were similar and changed seasonally probably in response to changes in life stages of macroinvertebrates (i. e. emergence of winged adults). Diets and diel patterns of abundance of bluegill suggest that age-O and adults were feeding in the vegetated, littoral zone. Predation by age-O largemouth bass appears to influence use of vegetated habitat by age-0 bluegills. In summer, when most age-O bluegills were vulnerable to predation by age-O largemouth bass, bluegill abundance was strongly correlated with vegetation biomass. In October and November, piscivory by age-O largemouth bass was limited by gape. Consequently, the relationship between the abundance of age-O bluegills and vegetation biomass was weakened because predation risk by age-O largemouth bass was reduced.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0633.1997.tb00137.x","usgsCitation":"Dewey, M.R., Richardson, W.B., and Zigler, S.J., 1997, Patterns of foraging and distribution of bluegill sunfish in a Mississippi River backwater: Influence of macrophytes and predation: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 6, no. 1, p. 8-15, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.1997.tb00137.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228222,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Onalaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.30459700479557,\n 43.86941994003243\n ],\n [\n -91.27508160999429,\n 43.867973826423594\n ],\n [\n -91.2704966942973,\n 43.89585697373519\n ],\n [\n -91.26505210690651,\n 43.89854132871133\n ],\n [\n -91.24814523027271,\n 43.89193346801139\n ],\n [\n -91.2432737573445,\n 43.880367947435815\n ],\n [\n -91.23983507057146,\n 43.878508993614446\n ],\n [\n -91.23439048318124,\n 43.881813760309825\n ],\n [\n -91.25043768812122,\n 43.91381919818434\n ],\n [\n -91.26820423644827,\n 43.914438488565054\n ],\n [\n -91.32265011035388,\n 43.94126821452801\n ],\n [\n -91.35044616176813,\n 43.93714135207901\n ],\n [\n -91.33411239959689,\n 43.91505777250114\n ],\n [\n -91.30488356202683,\n 43.884498748275746\n ],\n [\n -91.30459700479557,\n 43.86941994003243\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75d0e4b0c8380cd77d66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dewey, M. R.","contributorId":48908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewey","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richardson, W. B.","contributorId":16363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zigler, S. J.","contributorId":21513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zigler","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70019945,"text":"70019945 - 1997 - Inverse models: A necessary next step in ground-water modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-08T01:09:08.216874","indexId":"70019945","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inverse models: A necessary next step in ground-water modeling","docAbstract":"Inverse models using, for example, nonlinear least-squares regression, provide capabilities that help modelers take full advantage of the insight available from ground-water models. However, lack of information about the requirements and benefits of inverse models is an obstacle to their widespread use. This paper presents a simple ground-water flow problem to illustrate the requirements and benefits of the nonlinear least-squares regression method of inverse modeling and discusses how these attributes apply to field problems. The benefits of inverse modeling include: (1) expedited determination of best fit parameter values; (2) quantification of the (a) quality of calibration, (b) data shortcomings and needs, and (c) confidence limits on parameter estimates and predictions; and (3) identification of issues that are easily overlooked during nonautomated calibration.
Analysis of p,p‘-DDT in environmental samples requires monitoring the GC-derived breakdown of this insecticide, which produces p,p‘-DDD and/or p,p‘-DDE, both also primary environmental degradation products. A performance evaluation standard (PES) containing p,p‘-DDT but notp,p‘-DDD or p,p‘-DDE can be injected at regular intervals throughout an analytical sequence to monitor GC degradation. Some U.S. EPA methods limit GC breakdown of DDT in the PES to ≤20%. GC/MS analysis of large-volume natural water samples fortified with deuterium- and 13C-labeled p,p‘-DDT exhibited up to 65% DDT breakdown by the GC inlet. These matrix-enhanced GC degradation amounts substantially exceeded the <20% breakdown levels indicated by bracketing injections of the PES containing unlabeled and labeled DDT. Substantial matrix-enhanced GC degradation was not observed during analysis of a limited number of fractionated bed-sediment extracts containing labeled DDT. Use of isotopically labeled DDT seems to provide an effective tool for monitoring sample-specific DDT breakdown during GC/MS analysis. However, analyte co-elutions render impractical their use in GC/ECD analysis. The oc currence of matrix-enhanced GC degradation might have important implications on data quality and the resultant interpretations of the environmental degradation of DDT and other thermolabile contaminants.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es960671q","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Foreman, W., and Gates, P.M., 1997, Matrix-enhanced degradation of p,p'-DDT during gas chromatographic analysis: A consideration: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 3, p. 905-910, https://doi.org/10.1021/es960671q.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"905","endPage":"910","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":206021,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es960671q"},{"id":227899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5291e4b0c8380cd6c4f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foreman, W.T.","contributorId":94684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foreman","given":"W.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gates, Paul M.","contributorId":31411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gates","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1016518,"text":"1016518 - 1997 - Supervised classification of Landsat thematic mapper imagery in a semi-arid rangeland by nonparametric discriminant analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-16T20:24:27","indexId":"1016518","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Supervised classification of Landsat thematic mapper imagery in a semi-arid rangeland by nonparametric discriminant analysis","docAbstract":"In this article the authors used a nonparametric discriminant function in a supervised classification of Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite imagery of a ~240,000-ha semi-arid region in the Snake River Plains, southwestern Idaho. First, agriculture pixels were classified by distance from the soil baseline and water pixels by the thermal band value. Next, successive nonparametric discriminant functions were used to separate grassland and shrubland categories with subsequent classifications of vegetation within major classes. Accuracy in separating grasslands and shrublands was 80 percent and remained consistent relative to different thresholds in minimum percent ground cover defining shrublands. Within major grassland shrubland groups, researchers achieved 64 percent accuracy in separating dominant vegetation classes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Knick, S.T., Rotenberry, J., and Zarriello, T., 1997, Supervised classification of Landsat thematic mapper imagery in a semi-arid rangeland by nonparametric discriminant analysis: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 63, no. 1, p. 79-86.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"86","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349038,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://trid.trb.org/view.aspx?id=470863"}],"volume":"63","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698604","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knick, Steven T. 0000-0003-4025-1704 steve_knick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-1704","contributorId":159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knick","given":"Steven","email":"steve_knick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rotenberry, J.T.","contributorId":57015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rotenberry","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zarriello, T.J.","contributorId":15153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zarriello","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020091,"text":"70020091 - 1997 - Chemical weathering of a soil chronosequence on granitoid alluvium: II. Mineralogic and isotopic constraints on the behavior of strontium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T23:46:34.763995","indexId":"70020091","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical weathering of a soil chronosequence on granitoid alluvium: II. Mineralogic and isotopic constraints on the behavior of strontium","docAbstract":"The use of strontium isotopes to evaluate mineral weathering and identify sources of base cations in catchment waters requires an understanding of the behavior of Sr in the soil environment as a function of time. Our approach is to model the temporal evolution of 87Sr/86Sr of the cation exchange pool in a soil chronosequence developed on alluvium derived from central Sierra Nevada granitoids during the past 3 Ma. With increasing soil age, 87Sr/86Sr of ammonium-acetate extractable Sr initially decreases from values typical of K-feldspar to those of plagioclase and hornblende and then remains constant, even though plagioclase and hornblende are absent from the soils after approximately 1 Ma of weathering. The temporal variation of 87Sr/86Sr of exchangeable Sr is modeled by progressively equilibrating Sr derived from mineral weathering and atmospheric deposition with Sr on exchange sites as waters infiltrate a soil column. Observed decreases in quartz-normalized modal abundances of plagioclase, hornblende, and K-feldspar with time, and the distinct87Sr/86Sr values of these minerals can be used to calculate Sr flux from weathering reactions. Hydrobiotites in the soils have nearly constant modal abundances, chemistry, and 87Sr/86Sr over the chronosequence and provide negligible Sr input to weathering solutions. The model requires time and soil horizon-dependent changes in the amount of exchangeable Sr and the efficiency of Sr exchange, as well as a biologic cycling term. The model predicts that exchangeable Sr initially has 87Sr/86Sr identical to that of K-feldspar, and thus could be dominated by Sr leached from K-feldspar following deposition of the alluvium. The maximum value of 87Sr/86Sr observed in dilute stream waters associated with granitoids of the Yosemite region is likewise similar to that of the K-feldspars, suggesting that K-feldspar and not biotite may be the dominant source of radiogenic Sr in the streams. This study reveals that, when attempting to use Strontium isotopes to identify sources of base cations in catchment waters and biomass, both preferential leaching of Sr from minerals during incipient soil development and changing Sr exchange efficiency must be considered along with chemical contributions due to mineral dissolution.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00344-4","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Bullen, T., White, A., Blum, A., Harden, J., and Schulz, M., 1997, Chemical weathering of a soil chronosequence on granitoid alluvium: II. Mineralogic and isotopic constraints on the behavior of strontium: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 61, no. 2, p. 291-306, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00344-4.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"306","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227867,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f59ae4b0c8380cd4c2f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bullen, T.","contributorId":102651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, A.","contributorId":103425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blum, A.","contributorId":63971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harden, J.","contributorId":43918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schulz, M.","contributorId":28390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":69337,"text":"cp45 - 1997 - Circum-Arctic map of permafrost and ground-ice conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T18:58:27.086775","indexId":"cp45","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":308,"text":"Circum-Pacific Map","code":"CP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"45","title":"Circum-Arctic map of permafrost and ground-ice conditions","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cp45","usgsCitation":"Brown, J., Ferrians, O., Heginbottom, J.A., and Melnikov, E.S., 1997, Circum-Arctic map of permafrost and ground-ice conditions: U.S. Geological Survey Circum-Pacific Map 45, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 57.92 x 40.95 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/cp45.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 57.92 x 40.95 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414562,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54928.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":251486,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/45/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":252451,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/45/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":251485,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/45/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"otherGeospatial":"Circum-Arctic","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -179.9,\n 30\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n 90\n ],\n [\n 179.9,\n 90\n ],\n [\n 179.9,\n 30\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n 30\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dde4b07f02db5e1fa9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, J.","contributorId":57801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferrians, O. J. Jr.","contributorId":59452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrians","given":"O. J.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heginbottom, J. A.","contributorId":48820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heginbottom","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Melnikov, E. S.","contributorId":79304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melnikov","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70019982,"text":"70019982 - 1997 - The effect of grain size and surface area on organic matter, lignin and carbohydrate concentration, and molecular compositions in Peru Margin sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-15T00:01:51.100251","indexId":"70019982","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of grain size and surface area on organic matter, lignin and carbohydrate concentration, and molecular compositions in Peru Margin sediments","docAbstract":"A C-rich sediment sample from the Peru Margin was sorted into nine hydrodynamically-determined grain size fractions to explore the effect of grain size distribution and sediment surface area on organic matter content and composition. The neutral monomeric carbohydrate composition, lignin oxidation product yields, total organic carbon, and total nitrogen contents were determined independently for each size fraction, in addition to sediment surface area and abundance of biogenic opal.
The percent organic carbon and percent total nitrogen were strongly related to surface area in these sediments. In turn, the distribution of surface area closely followed mass distribution among the textural size classes, suggesting hydrodynamic controls on grain size also control organic carbon content. Nevertheless, organic compositional distinctions were observed between textural size classes.
Total neutral carbohydrate yields in the Peru Margin sediments were found to closely parallel trends in total organic carbon, increasing in abundance among grain size fractions in proportion to sediment surface area. Coincident with the increases in absolute abundance, rhamnose and mannose increased as a fraction of the total carbohydrate yield in concert with surface area, indicating these monomers were preferentially represented in carbohydrates associated with surfaces. Lignin oxidation product yields varied with surface area when normalized to organic carbon, suggesting that the terrestrially-derived component may be diluted by sorption of marine derived material. Lignin-based parameters suggest a separate source for terrestrially derived material associated with sand-size material as opposed to that associated with silts and clays.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00394-8","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Bergamaschi, B., Tsamakis, E., Keil, R., Eglinton, T., Montlucon, D., and Hedges, J.I., 1997, The effect of grain size and surface area on organic matter, lignin and carbohydrate concentration, and molecular compositions in Peru Margin sediments: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 61, no. 6, p. 1247-1260, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00394-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1247","endPage":"1260","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228031,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Peru","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Ocean, Peru Margin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.87510308571308,\n -11.710960751611168\n ],\n [\n -80.6565585769824,\n -11.710960751611168\n ],\n [\n -80.6565585769824,\n -14.253102999861085\n ],\n [\n -75.87510308571308,\n -14.253102999861085\n ],\n [\n -75.87510308571308,\n -11.710960751611168\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab2ce4b08c986b322c92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergamaschi, B.A. 0000-0002-9610-5581","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":22401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tsamakis, E.","contributorId":45069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsamakis","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keil, R.G.","contributorId":53105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keil","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eglinton, T.I.","contributorId":10565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eglinton","given":"T.I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Montlucon, D.B.","contributorId":78893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montlucon","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hedges, J. I.","contributorId":30757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedges","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70020015,"text":"70020015 - 1997 - Rapid extension in an Eocene volcanic arc: Structure and paleogeography of an intra-arc half graben in central Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-21T12:12:47.128266","indexId":"70020015","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid extension in an Eocene volcanic arc: Structure and paleogeography of an intra-arc half graben in central Idaho","docAbstract":"A study of extension, volcanism, and sedimentation in the middle Eocene Panther Creek half graben in central Idaho shows that it formed rapidly during an episode of voluminous volcanism. The east-southeast-tilted Panther Creek half graben developed across the northeast edge of the largest cauldron complex of the Challis volcanic field and along the northeast-trending Trans-Challis fault zone. Two normal fault systems bound the east side of the half graben. One fault system strikes northeast, parallel to the Trans-Challis fault zone, and the other strikes north to northwest. The geometry of the basin-fill deposits shows that movement on these two normal fault systems was synchronous and that both faults controlled the development of the Panther Creek half graben. Strikes of the synextension volcanic and sedimentary rocks are similar throughout the half graben, whereas dips decrease incrementally upsection from as much as 60?? to less than 10??. Previous K-Ar dates and a new 40Ar/39Ar plateau date from the youngest widespread tuff in the basin suggest that most of basin formation spanned 3 m.y. between about 47.7 Ma and 44.5 Ma. As much as 6.5 km of volcanic and sedimentary rocks were deposited during that time. Although rates of extension and subsidence were very high, intense volcanic activity continually filled the basin with ash-flow tuffs, outpacing subsidence and sedimentation, until the end of basin development. After the abrupt end of Challis volcanism, locally derived pebble to boulder conglomerate and massive, reworked ash accumulated in the half graben. These sedimentary rocks make up a small part of the basin fill in the Panther Creek half graben and were derived mainly from Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks uplifted in the footwall of the basin. The east-southeast tilt of the sedimentary rocks, their provenance and coarse grain size, and the presence of a gravity slide block derived from tilted volcanic rocks in the hanging wall attest to continued tectonism during conglomerate deposition. Provenance data from the sedimentary rocks imply that the highland in the footwall of the Panther Creek half graben was never thickly blanketed by synex-tension volcanic rocks, despite intense volcanic activity. Analysis of the Panther Creek half graben and other intra-arc rift basins supports previous interpretations that relative rates of volcanism and subsidence control the proportion of volcanic rocks deposited in intra-arc rifts.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109<0253:REIAEV>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Janecke, S.U., Hammond, B., Snee, L., and Geissman, J.W., 1997, Rapid extension in an Eocene volcanic arc: Structure and paleogeography of an intra-arc half graben in central Idaho: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 109, no. 3, p. 253-267, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109<0253:REIAEV>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"267","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227949,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.62545968073437,\n 45.387525781943594\n ],\n [\n -116.62545968073437,\n 43.61686225645221\n ],\n [\n -114.66989327448435,\n 43.61686225645221\n ],\n [\n -114.66989327448435,\n 45.387525781943594\n ],\n [\n -116.62545968073437,\n 45.387525781943594\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"109","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94dfe4b0c8380cd81684","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janecke, S. U.","contributorId":42296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janecke","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammond, B.F.","contributorId":78491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snee, L.W.","contributorId":99981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snee","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Geissman, J. W.","contributorId":105760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70019537,"text":"70019537 - 1997 - Variable deep structure of a midcontinent fault and fold zone from seismic reflection: La Salle deformation belt, Illinois basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-22T00:10:13.044463","indexId":"70019537","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variable deep structure of a midcontinent fault and fold zone from seismic reflection: La Salle deformation belt, Illinois basin","docAbstract":"Deformation within the United States midcontinent is frequently expressed as quasilinear zones of faulting and folding, such as the La Salle deformation belt, a northwest-trending series of folds cutting through the center of the Illinois basin. Seismic reflection profiles over the southern La Salle deformation belt reveal the three-dimensional structural style of deformation in the lower Paleozoic section and uppermost Precambrian(?) basement. Individual profiles and structural contour maps show for the first time that the folds of the La Salle deformation belt are underlain at depth by reverse faults that disrupt and offset intrabasement structure, offset the top of interpreted Precambrian basement, and accommodate folding of overlying Paleozoic strata. The folds do not represent development of initial dips by strata deposited over a preexisting basement high. Rather, the structures resemble subdued “Laramide-style” forced folds, in that Paleozoic stratal reflectors appear to be flexed over a fault-bounded basement uplift with the basement-cover contact folded concordantly with overlying strata. For about 40 km along strike, the dominant faults reverse their dip direction, alternating between east and west. Less well expressed antithetic or back thrusts appear to be associated with the dominant faults and could together describe a positive flower structure. The overall trend of this part of the La Salle deformation belt is disrupted by along-strike discontinuities that separate distinct fold culminations. Observations of dual vergence and along-strike discontinuities suggest an original deformation regime possibly involving limited transpression associated with distant late Paleozoic Appalachian-Ouachita mountain building. Moderate-magnitude earthquakes located west of the western flank of the La Salle deformation belt have reverse and strike-slip mechanisms at upper crustal depths, which might be reactivating deep basement faults such as observed in this study. The La Salle deformation belt is not necessarily typical of other well-known major midcontinent fault and fold zones, such as the Nemaha ridge, over which Paleozoic and younger sediments appear to simply be draped.
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forage fishes in marine ecosystems: Proceedings of the international symposium on the role of forage fishes in marine ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Symposium on the Role of Forage Fishes in Marine Ecosystems","conferenceDate":"November 13-16, 1996","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks","publisherLocation":"Fairbanks, AK","isbn":"978-1-56612-049-4","usgsCitation":"Springer, A.M., and Speckman, S., 1997, A forage fish is what? Summary of the symposium, in Forage fishes in marine ecosystems: Proceedings of the international symposium on the role of forage fishes in marine ecosystems, Anchorage, AK, November 13-16, 1996, p. 773-805.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"773","endPage":"805","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339088,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://seagrant.uaf.edu/bookstore/pubs/AK-SG-97-01.html"}],"publicComments":"Larger Work is University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program report no. AK-SG-97-01","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e35f8ce4b09da67997ecce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Springer, Alan M. ams@ims.uaf.edu","contributorId":172461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Springer","given":"Alan","email":"ams@ims.uaf.edu","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Speckman, Suzann G.","contributorId":88217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speckman","given":"Suzann G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70019940,"text":"70019940 - 1997 - Dual-porosity analysis of conservative tracer testing in saturated volcanic rocks at Yucca Mountain in Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:18","indexId":"70019940","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2071,"text":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dual-porosity analysis of conservative tracer testing in saturated volcanic rocks at Yucca Mountain in Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"A radially convergent conservative tracer injection test was conducted between boreholes UE-25 #2 and UE-25 c #3 of the C-hole complex at Yucca Mountain to determine effective porosity and longitudinal dispersivity. Approximately 47% of the tracer mass was recovered and a dual-porosity analytical model replicates the breakthrough curve. Fractured-rock analyses focus on the fracture-porosity and geometry as the controlling factors in transport.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 36th US Rock Mechanics ISRM International Symposium","conferenceDate":"29 June 1997 through 2 July 1997","conferenceLocation":"New York, NY, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Sci Ltd","publisherLocation":"Exeter, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00183-6","issn":"01489062","usgsCitation":"Fahy, M., 1997, Dual-porosity analysis of conservative tracer testing in saturated volcanic rocks at Yucca Mountain in Nye County, Nevada: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, v. 34, no. 3-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00183-6.","startPage":"486","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206031,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00183-6"},{"id":227987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0407e4b0c8380cd50755","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fahy, M.F.","contributorId":21189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fahy","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70019189,"text":"70019189 - 1997 - Temporal variability in the hydrologic regimes of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:10","indexId":"70019189","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal variability in the hydrologic regimes of the United States","docAbstract":"Discharge records where flows have not been subject to overt anthropogenic controls have been identified for over 1500 streamflow gauging stations throughout the United States in the US Geological Survey Hydro-Climatic Data Network. These stations fall within all 21 water resources regions of the United States. Analysis of runoff in 20 regions, where long-term daily records are available, shows an increasing trend in 16 regions. Further analysis using a stratified subset of 65 sites shows an increase in baseflow at approximately 90% of the sites during the past 50 years, regardless of the size of the drainage area. Because anthropogenic alterations of watershed characteristics cannot explain these hydrologic changes, then meteorological or climatic forces are implicated.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Hubbard, E., Landwehr, J., and Barker, A., 1997, Temporal variability in the hydrologic regimes of the United States: IAHS-AISH Publication, v. 246, p. 97-103.","startPage":"97","endPage":"103","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"246","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba521e4b08c986b320828","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hubbard, E. F.","contributorId":66666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"E. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landwehr, J.M.","contributorId":39815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landwehr","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barker, A.R.","contributorId":7972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70019336,"text":"70019336 - 1997 - Deep seismic structure and tectonics of northern Alaska: Crustal-scale duplexing with deformation extending into the upper mantle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-19T15:45:22.378216","indexId":"70019336","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep seismic structure and tectonics of northern Alaska: Crustal-scale duplexing with deformation extending into the upper mantle","docAbstract":"Seismic reflection and refraction and laboratory velocity data collected along a transect of northern Alaska (including the east edge of the Koyukuk basin, the Brooks Range, and the North Slope) yield a composite picture of the crustal and upper mantle structure of this Mesozoic and Cenozoic compressional orogen. The following observations are made: (1) Northern Alaska is underlain by nested tectonic wedges, most with northward vergence (i.e., with their tips pointed north). (2) High reflectivity throughout the crust above a basal decollement, which deepens southward from about 10 km depth beneath the northern front of the Brooks Range to about 30 km depth beneath the southern Brooks Range, is interpreted as structural complexity due to the presence of these tectonic wedges, or duplexes. (3) Low reflectivity throughout the crust below the decollement is interpreted as minimal deformation, which appears to involve chiefly bending of a relatively rigid plate consisting of the parautochthonous North Slope crust and a 10- to 15-km-thick section of mantle material. (4) This plate is interpreted as a southward verging tectonic wedge, with its tip in the lower crust or at the Moho beneath the southern Brooks Range. In this interpretation the middle and upper crust, or all of the crust, is detached in the southern Brooks Range by the tectonic wedge, or indentor: as a result, crust is uplifted and deformed above the wedge, and mantle is depressed and underthrust beneath this wedge. (5) Underthrusting has juxtaposed mantle of two different origins (and seismic velocities), giving rise to a prominent sub-Moho reflector.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/96JB03959","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Fuis, G., Murphy, J., Lutter, W.J., Moore, T., Bird, K.J., and Christensen, N., 1997, Deep seismic structure and tectonics of northern Alaska: Crustal-scale duplexing with deformation extending into the upper mantle: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 102, no. B9, p. 20873-20896, https://doi.org/10.1029/96JB03959.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"20873","endPage":"20896","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479959,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/96jb03959","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":226642,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"102","issue":"B9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-09-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe2ae4b0c8380cd4eb67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuis, G. S.","contributorId":83131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"G. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murphy, J.M.","contributorId":84760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lutter, W. J.","contributorId":90361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutter","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":85592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bird, K. J.","contributorId":57824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bird","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Christensen, N.I.","contributorId":28016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"N.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70019873,"text":"70019873 - 1997 - Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-08T01:23:46.546109","indexId":"70019873","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering","docAbstract":"10 M ≥ 6.7 earthquakes ruptured 1000 km of the North Anatolian fault (Turkey) during 1939–1992, providing an unsurpassed opportunity to study how one large shock sets up the next. We use the mapped surface slip and fault geometry to infer the transfer of stress throughout the sequence. Calculations of the change in Coulomb failure stress reveal that nine out of 10 ruptures were brought closer to failure by the preceding shocks, typically by 1–10 bar, equivalent to 3–30 years of secular stressing. We translate the calculated stress changes into earthquake probability gains using an earthquake-nucleation constitutive relation, which includes both permanent and transient effects of the sudden stress changes. The transient effects of the stress changes dominate during the mean 10 yr period between triggering and subsequent rupturing shocks in the Anatolia sequence. The stress changes result in an average three-fold gain in the net earthquake probability during the decade after each event. Stress is calculated to be high today at several isolated sites along the fault. During the next 30 years, we estimate a 15 per cent probability of a M ≥ 6.7 earthquake east of the major eastern centre of Ercinzan, and a 12 per cent probability for a large event south of the major western port city of Izmit. Such stress-based probability calculations may thus be useful to assess and update earthquake hazards elsewhere.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.1997.tb05321.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Stein, R., Barka, A., and Dieterich, J.H., 1997, Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering: Geophysical Journal International, v. 128, no. 3, p. 594-604, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1997.tb05321.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"594","endPage":"604","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"128","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8ee5e4b0c8380cd7f464","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stein, R.S.","contributorId":8875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barka, A.A.","contributorId":46706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barka","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dieterich, James H.","contributorId":81614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieterich","given":"James","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70175351,"text":"70175351 - 1997 - Long-term investigations provide fundamental insight into natural and human-induced change in the San Francisco Bay (U.S.A.) estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T13:47:13","indexId":"70175351","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Long-term investigations provide fundamental insight into natural and human-induced change in the San Francisco Bay (U.S.A.) estuary","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Change in marine benthos: the case for long-term studies—Proceedings of a Workshop on Long Term Study Influences on Science and Policy, Galway, Ireland, 1994: European Commission Environment Research Programme, Ecosystems Research Report 16","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of a Workshop on Long Term Study Influences on Science and Policy","conferenceLocation":"Galway, Ireland","language":"English","publisher":"European Commission Environment Research Programme","usgsCitation":"Nichols, F., and Luoma, S.N., 1997, Long-term investigations provide fundamental insight into natural and human-induced change in the San Francisco Bay (U.S.A.) estuary, in Change in marine benthos: the case for long-term studies—Proceedings of a Workshop on Long Term Study Influences on Science and Policy, Galway, Ireland, 1994: European Commission Environment Research Programme, Ecosystems Research Report 16, Galway, Ireland, p. 37-53.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"53","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326145,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a5b8c8e4b0ebae89b78956","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Keegan, B. F.","contributorId":173484,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keegan","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644849,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lambshead, P. J. D.","contributorId":173485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lambshead","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644850,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coull, B. C.","contributorId":173436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coull","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644851,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Overcash, M.","contributorId":173486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Overcash","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644852,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nolan, C.","contributorId":173487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nolan","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644853,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, F.H.","contributorId":88020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"F.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":120222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70019597,"text":"70019597 - 1997 - Boron contents and isotopic compositions of hog manure, selected fertilizers, and water in Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T12:30:50","indexId":"70019597","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Boron contents and isotopic compositions of hog manure, selected fertilizers, and water in Minnesota","docAbstract":"Boron-isotope (δ11B) values may be useful as surrogate tracers of contaminants and indicators of water mixing in agricultural settings. This paper characterizes the B contents and isotopic compositions of hog manure and selected fertilizers, and presents δ11B data for ground and surface water from two agricultural areas. Boron concentrations in dry hog manure averaged 61 mg/kg and in commercial fertilizers ranged from below detection limits in some brands of ammonium nitrate and urea to 382 mg/kg in magnesium sulfate. Values of δ11B of untreated hog manure ranged from 7.2 to 11.2o/oo and of N fertilizers were −2.0 to 0.7o/oo. In 22 groundwater samples from a sand-plain aquifer in east-central Minnesota, B concentrations averaged 0.04 mg/L and δ11B values ranged from 2.3 to 41.5o/oo. Groundwater beneath a hog feedlot and a cultivated field where hog manure was applied had B-isotope compositions consistent with the water containing hog-manure leachate. In a 775-km2 watershed with silty-loam soils in southcentral Minnesota: 18 samples of subsurface drainage from corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) fields had average B concentrations of 0.06 mg/L and δ11B values of 5.3 to 15.1o/oo; 27 stream samples had average B concentrations of 0.05 mg/L and δ11B values of 1.0 to 19.0o/oo; and eight groundwater samples had average B concentrations of 0.09 mg/L and δ11B values of −0.3 to 23.0o/oo. Values of δ11B and B concentrations, when plotted against one another, define a curved mixing trend that suggests subsurface drainage and stream water contain mixtures of B from shallow and deep groundwater.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Soc of Agronomy Inc","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI, United States","doi":"10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600050004x","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Komor, S., 1997, Boron contents and isotopic compositions of hog manure, selected fertilizers, and water in Minnesota: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 26, no. 5, p. 1212-1222, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600050004x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1212","endPage":"1222","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f220e4b0c8380cd4b008","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Komor, S.C.","contributorId":21182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Komor","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70019351,"text":"70019351 - 1997 - Spring foraging distribution and habitat selection by Double-crested Cormorants on the Penobscot River, Maine USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:11","indexId":"70019351","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spring foraging distribution and habitat selection by Double-crested Cormorants on the Penobscot River, Maine USA","docAbstract":"Restoration of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to New England rivers requires, in part, an understanding of the use of habitat and prey by potential and known predators. We examined variation in habitat use by Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritius), from April through June 1992-94 on ca. 288 km of the 2 primary tributaries and the mainstem of the Penobscot River, Maine. Our objectives were to quantify temporal and spatial variation in habitat use and test for selection of spring foraging habitats by cormorants. Cormorants forage during daylight hours only. To determine the distribution of foraging birds we conducted aerial surveys at intervals of <8 days. Counts from individual aerial surveys were analyzed relative to 9 river sections and used to examine selection of foraging habitats, such as free-flowing areas and the headponds and tailraces of dams. We defined selection as the difference between the proportionate length of each river section relative to the total river km available and the observed proportion of birds using each section. All birds observed from the aircraft within a river section were assumed to be foraging within that river section. Cormorants were first observed between 15 and 20 April in all 3 years. Individuals consistently selected (P < 0.05) against use of 2 large tributaries and sections >105 km north of the mouth of the mainstem. However, from late April through early June of all years, birds selected (P < 0.05) 4 of the 5 mainstem dams and the estuarine portion of the river. Cormorant use of dams remained at or above expected levels until the second week of June in all years. We suggest that cormorant selection for foraging areas adjacent to dams reflected a higher availability of prey, possibly due to delay and injury of migrating Atlantic salmon smolts. Cormorant selection of the estuarine portion of the Penobscot River was likely a response to a seasonally increasing availability and abundance of estuarine and marine prey, in addition to resident freshwater species and migrating smolts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07386028","usgsCitation":"Blackwell, B., and Krohn, W., 1997, Spring foraging distribution and habitat selection by Double-crested Cormorants on the Penobscot River, Maine USA: Waterbirds, v. 20, no. 1, p. 66-76.","startPage":"66","endPage":"76","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b961ae4b08c986b31b2c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blackwell, B.F.","contributorId":45039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwell","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krohn, W.B.","contributorId":64355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohn","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70019350,"text":"70019350 - 1997 - The availability of Landsat data: Past, present, and future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-08T12:38:52","indexId":"70019350","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The availability of Landsat data: Past, present, and future","docAbstract":"It has long been recognized that the success of the Landsat program would depend on an effective distribution of its data to a wide variety of users, worldwide, in a timely manner. Since 1972, nearly $250 million worth of data have been distributed by a network of ground stations around the world. The policies of the U.S. Government affecting the distribution, availability, and pricing of Landsat data have been controversial, and have been strongly affected by the attempts to commercialize the program. At the present time, data are being distributed in the U.S. by either government or commercial entities, depending on the date of acquisition of the data in question and whether or not the customer is affiliated with the Federal Government. Although the future distribution of Landsat data is currently under discussion, it seems likely that data distribution initially will be the responsibility of NOAA. In any case, the long-term archive and distribution of all Landsat data will be the responsibility of the Department of Interior's U.S. Geological Survey.","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","issn":"00991112","usgsCitation":"Draeger, W., Holm, T.M., Lauer, D.T., and Thompson, R., 1997, The availability of Landsat data: Past, present, and future: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 63, no. 7, p. 869-875.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"869","endPage":"875","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9dce4b08c986b322571","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Draeger, W. C.","contributorId":67231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draeger","given":"W. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holm, T. M.","contributorId":66436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holm","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lauer, D. T.","contributorId":47907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lauer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, R.J.","contributorId":93624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70019375,"text":"70019375 - 1997 - Interactions between ground water and surface water in the Suwannee River basin, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T23:19:39.011923","indexId":"70019375","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions between ground water and surface water in the Suwannee River basin, Florida","docAbstract":"Ground water and surface water constitute a single dynamic system in roost parts of the Suwannee River basin due to the presence of karat features that facilitate the interaction between the surface and subsurface. Low radon-222 concentrations (below background levels) and enriched amounts of oxygen-18 and deuterium in ground water indicate mixing with surface water in parts of the basin. Comparison of surface water and regional ground water flow patterns indicate that boundaries for ground water basins typically do not coincide with surface water drainage subbasins. There are several areas in the basin where ground water flow that originates outside of the Suwannee River basin crosses surface water basin boundaries during both low-flow and high-flow conditions. In a study area adjacent to the Suwannee River that consists predominantly of agricultural land use, 18 wells tapping the Upper Floridan aquifer and 7 springs were sampled three times during 1990 through 1994 for major dissolved inorganic constituents, trace elements, and nutrients. During a period of above normal rainfall that resulted in high river stage and high ground water levels in 1991, the combination of increased amounts of dissolved organic carbon and decreased levels of dissolved oxygen in ground water created conditions favorable for the natural reduction of nitrate by denitrification reactions in the aquifer. As a result, less nitrate was discharged by ground water to the Suwannee River.","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1997.tb03549.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Katz, B., DeHan, R., Hirten, J., and Catches, J., 1997, Interactions between ground water and surface water in the Suwannee River basin, Florida: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 33, no. 6, p. 1237-1254, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1997.tb03549.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1237","endPage":"1254","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226645,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cc1e4b0c8380cd62fee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katz, B. G.","contributorId":82702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"B. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeHan, R.S.","contributorId":89676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeHan","given":"R.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hirten, J.J.","contributorId":82866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirten","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Catches, J.S.","contributorId":75702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catches","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}