The water resources of a 27.6-square-mile section of the Batavia Kill Basin near the village of Windham, N.Y., which has undergone substantial development, were evaluated. The evaluation entailed (1) estimation of the magnitude and distribution of several hydrologic components, including recharge, (2) measurement of discharge and chemical quality of the Batavia Kill and selected tributaries, (3) analysis of ground-water flow and chemistry, and (4) a conceptualization of the ground-water flow system.
The region consists of deeply dissected, relatively flat-lying, clastic sedimentary sequences variably overlain by as much as 120 feet of glacial deposits. The types of bedrock fractures and their distribution in the Batavia Kill valley are consistent with valley stress-relief characteristics. Till predominates in the uplands, and stratified drift typically dominates within the valley of the Batavia Kill and the lower section of its largest tributary valley (Mitchell Hollow).
Fractured bedrock is the most commonly used water source within the study area. The areas of highest yielding bedrock generally are with valleys, where the shallow fractures are saturated. Stratified-drift aquifers are also limited to the largest valleys; the greatest saturated thicknesses are in the Batavia Kill valley at Windham. A conceptual model of ground-water flow within the study areas suggests that the zones of most active flow are shallow fractured bedrock in upland areas and the shallow stratified drift in the largest valleys.
The hydrogeologic system has been altered by development; major effects include (1) chemical alteration of natural ground-water and surface-water quality by point- and nonpoint-source contaminants, (2) hydraulic interconnection of other-wise isolated bedrock fractures by wellbores, and (3) drawdowns in wells within the Batavia Kill valley by pumping from the bedrock aquifer. Water resource development of the most promising unconsolidated aquifer beneath Windham may be precluded by the potential for contamination by leachate from an abandoned landfill, road-salt stockpiles, and domestic septic systems in the area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri984036","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York City Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Heisig, P.M., 1999, Water resources of the Batavia Kill basin at Windham, Greene County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4036, Report: vii, 96 p.; Plate: 11.0 x 8.5 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984036.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 96 p.; Plate: 11.0 x 8.5 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158533,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4036/coverthb.jpg","size":" ","description":"WRI 1998-4036"},{"id":325327,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4036/wri19984036_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"1.60 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 1998-4036"},{"id":2204,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4036/wri19984036.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.82 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 1998-4036"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Greene County","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Rd
Troy, NY 12180
(518) 285-5695
http://ny.water.usgs.gov/
The potential effects of future water-exchange scenarios on streamflow and specific conductance in the Arkansas River were simulated with two accounting models. The major processes in the models simulated the historical exchange potential in the Arkansas River and the operation of a native and a nonnative Arkansas River water exchange. The potential effects of future exchange conditions were simulated using streamflow and specific-conductance data from the 1986-93 water-year study period. Hydrologic conditions during the study period were considered about average, compared to the long-term 1966-96 conditions. Therefore, the simulation results were indicative of the potential effects of future exchange conditions on streamflow and specific conductance during periods of average hydrologic conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Springs Utilities; Pueblo Board of Water Works; Southeastern Colorado Water Conservancy District; Pueblo County Department of Planning and Development; City of Aurora Department of Utilities; St. Charles Mesa Water District; Upper Arkansas Area Council of Governments; Upper Arkansas Water Conservancy District; City of Pueblo, Department of Utilities; Pueblo West Metropolitan District; Fremont Sanitation District; City of Rocky Ford; City of Las Animas; and City of Lamar","usgsCitation":"Lewis, M.E., 1999, Simulated effects of water exchanges on streamflow and specific conductance in the Arkansas River upstream from Avondale, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4140, iv, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984140.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":308857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri984140.jpg"},{"id":287523,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4140/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Arkansas River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.5069580078125,\n 37.94419750075404\n ],\n [\n -106.5069580078125,\n 39.3130504637139\n ],\n [\n -104.01580810546875,\n 39.3130504637139\n ],\n [\n -104.01580810546875,\n 37.94419750075404\n ],\n [\n -106.5069580078125,\n 37.94419750075404\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f322b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Michael E. mlewis@usgs.gov","contributorId":3849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Michael","email":"mlewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":511064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":6551,"text":"fs16396 - 1999 - Color infrared digital orthophoto quadrangles for the South Florida ecosystem area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-25T14:46:09.893004","indexId":"fs16396","displayToPublicDate":"2000-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"163-96","displayTitle":"Color Infrared Digital Orthophoto Quadrangles for the South Florida Ecosystem Area","title":"Color infrared digital orthophoto quadrangles for the South Florida ecosystem area","docAbstract":"The South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Program is an intergovernmental effort to reestablish and maintain the ecosystems of south Florida. One element of the restoration effort is the development of a firm scientific basis for resource decision making. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is one of the agencies that provides scientific information as part of the South Florida Ecosystem Program (SFEP). The program, which was begun in fiscal year (FY) 1995, provides multidisciplinary hydrologic, cartographic, geologic, and biologic data that relate to the mainland of south Florida, the Florida Bay, and the Florida Keys and Reef ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs16396","usgsCitation":"Color infrared digital orthophoto quadrangles for the South Florida ecosystem area; 1999; FS; 163-96; Geological Survey (U.S.)","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":832,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0163/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126479,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0163/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 27.75\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 27.75\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 27.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
The South Florida Ecosystem Program is a collaborative effort by Federal agencies, working with State and local agencies, to help resolve land-use demands and water-supply issues in south Florida. The role of the U.S. Geological Survey in the program is to provide scientific insight into south Florida's hydrology and geology, which are an integral part of the fragile ecosystems of the Everglades, Florida Bay, and the Florida Keys. Historical changes in water-management practices to accommodate a large and rapidly growing urban population along the Atlantic coast, as well as intensive agricultural activities, have resulted in a highly managed hydrologic system with canals, levees, and pumping stations. These structures have altered the hydrology of the Everglades ecosystem, including Florida Bay. Currently, there are plans to change the quantity of water delivered to Everglades National Park and Florida Bay to restore the natural flow of the system.
Florida Bay, home to several endangered species, is a valuable breeding ground for marine life and an important recreational and sport fishing area. Florida Bay encompasses about 850 square miles in total area with an average depth of less than 3.5 feet. It is bordered by the mainland portion of Everglades National Park to the north, the Florida Keys to the east and south, and is open to the Gulf of Mexico to the west. During the last decade, Florida Bay has experienced algal blooms and seagrass die-offs which are signals of ecological deterioration that has been attributed to an increase in salinity and nutrient content of bay waters. Salinity and nutrient content are directly related to the amount and quality of freshwater that enters the bay and to flow patterns within the bay. Restoration of the Florida Bay ecosystem requires a better understanding of the linkage between the amount of water and nutrients flowing into the bay and the salinity and quality of the bay environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs13596","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, Freshwater Discharge to Florida Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 1996–135, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs13596.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123047,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0135/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":517,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0135/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.26866109562512,\n 25.360434861416195\n ],\n [\n -81.82431518557821,\n 25.360434861416195\n ],\n [\n -81.82431518557821,\n 24.51407355119764\n ],\n [\n -80.26866109562512,\n 24.51407355119764\n ],\n [\n -80.26866109562512,\n 25.360434861416195\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Revision - June 1996","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Knowledge about hydrologic exchange between surface water and ground water is critical to understanding the movement of water and dissolved chemical constituents (solutes) in the Florida Everglades. This fact sheet describes a study that will quantify vertical exchange of water and solutes in the Everglades as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) South Florida Ecosystem Program. The two sites selected for the initial investigation are shown in the report. Those sites are the location of ongoing research projects concerned with movement and transformation of nutrients and mercury. Research results are being used by the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) to guide in the planning of Stormwater Treatment Areas, which will be large constructed wetlands designed to remove excess nutrients from agricultural drainage.
The objectives of the project described here are to (1) quantify vertical exchange of water (also referred to as seepage) between ground water and surface water, (2) use seepage estimates to assist in the development of chemical mass balances for mercury and nutrients, and (3) relate seepage fluxes to subsurface hydrogeologic properties, management of surface-water levels in canals and water conservation areas, and the regional water balance in the northern Everglades.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs16996","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, Vertical exchange of ground water and surface water in the Florida Everglades: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 169-96, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs16996.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121551,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0169/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32061,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0169/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"119 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 1996-169"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.8206787109375,\n 25.045792240303445\n ],\n [\n -80.2880859375,\n 25.045792240303445\n ],\n [\n -80.2880859375,\n 26.504988828743404\n ],\n [\n -81.8206787109375,\n 26.504988828743404\n ],\n [\n -81.8206787109375,\n 25.045792240303445\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Restoration and management of the south Florida ecosystem will be guided by hydrologic models that simulate water flowing through the wetlands and shallow subsurface aquifers beneath them. The restoration of the ecosystem is, essentially, the restoration of the natural hydrologic system. As surface water is re-diverted from manmade canals to its more natural state as overland flow, several changes are predicted to occur. First, because water flowing over land moves more slowly than in canals, overland flow should remain in the wetland ecosystem for a longer period each year. Second, as the flowing water spreads out over the wetlands, recharge to the shallow aquifers should increase as more of that water infiltrates into the ground. The U.S. Corps of Engineers and the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) will use hydrologic models to anticipate the consequences of these proposed restoration plans. This research program is designed to provide essential subsurface data to improve hydrologic models for land and water managers in southwest Florida where subsurface information is lacking. Obtaining hydrogeological data requires core drilling, corehole testing, and rock and sediment analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs15896","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1996, Hydrogeology of the surficial aquifer system in Southwest Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 1996–158, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs15896.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118406,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0158/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":230,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0158/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 26.94633387241865\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 26.94633387241865\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 26.94633387241865\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Ecosystems are communities of organisms, often including humans, and the associated physical and chemical environments in which they live. Ecosystems are a complex natural resource that need to be understood, carefully managed, and prudently conserved. Human modification of the environment, such as changing water drainage patterns and introducing pollutants (such as mercury) and nutrients (such as nitrates and phosphates), has altered critical ecosystems around the globe, and the south Florida region is now considered to be one of the most threatened ecosystems in the Nation. The south Florida ecosystem has both a land component, the Everglades (including all fresh-water wetlands south of Lake Okeechobee), and an estuarine component, Florida Bay. The two components are closely linked by hydrologic cycles and the plants and animals that live within the ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs17195","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet, 1999, South Florida ecosystems—Changes through time: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 1995–171, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs17195.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122890,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0171/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":282,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0171/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 26.94633387241865\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 26.94633387241865\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 26.94633387241865\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, initiated studies designed to characterize the ground-water quality and hydrogeology in northern Illinois, and southern and eastern Wisconsin (with a focus on the north-central Illinois cities of Belvidere and Rockford, and the Calumet region of northeastern Illinois and northwestern Indiana). These areas are considered especially susceptible to ground-water contamination because of the high density of industrial and waste-disposal sites and the shallow depth to the unconsolidated sand and gravel aquifers and the fractured, carbonate bedrock aquifers that underlie the areas. The data and conceptual models of ground-water flow and contaminant distribution and movement developed as part of the studies have allowed Federal, State, and local agencies to better manage, protect, and restore the water supplies of the areas.
Water-quality, hydrologic, geologic, and geophysical data collected as part of these areal studies indicate that industrial contaminants are present locally in the aquifers underlying the areas. Most of the contaminants, particularly those at concentrations that exceeded regulatory water-quality levels, were detected in the sand and gravel aquifers near industrial or waste-disposal sites. In water from water-supply wells, the contaminants that were present generally were at concentrations below regulatory levels. The organic compounds detected most frequently at concentrations near or above regulatory levels varied by area. Trichloroethene, tetrachloroethene, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (volatile chlorinated compounds) were most prevalent in north-central Illinois; benzene (a petroleum-related compound) was most prevalent in the Calumet region. Differences in the type of organic compounds that were detected in each area likely reflect differences in the types of industrial sites that predominate in the areas. Nickel and aluminum were the trace metals detected most frequently at concentrations above regulatory levels in both areas. Contaminants in the shallow sand and gravel aquifers and carbonate aquifers appear to have moved with ground water discharging to local lakes, streams, and wetlands. Ground-water flow and possibly contaminant movement is concentrated in the weathered surface zones and in deeper fractures of the carbonate aquifers underlying both areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri984143","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Mills, P., Kay, R.T., Brown, T.A., and Yeskis, D.J., 1999, Areal studies aid protection of ground-water quality in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4143, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984143.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1953,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4143/wrir98_4143.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.88 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 98–4143"},{"id":157775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4143/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 45.336701909968134\n ],\n [\n -89.12109375,\n 45.644768217751924\n ],\n [\n -92.197265625,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -90.87890625,\n 43.83452678223682\n ],\n [\n -89.912109375,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -90.703125,\n 40.64730356252251\n ],\n [\n -89.033203125,\n 37.23032838760387\n ],\n [\n -86.8359375,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -85.69335937499999,\n 38.41055825094609\n ],\n [\n -84.990234375,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -84.83642578125,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -86.63818359375,\n 41.78769700539063\n ],\n [\n -87.451171875,\n 41.672911819602085\n ],\n [\n -87.73681640625,\n 42.27730877423709\n ],\n [\n -87.69287109375,\n 43.78695837311561\n ],\n [\n -86.7919921875,\n 45.506346901083425\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 45.336701909968134\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984126A","usgsCitation":"Carleton, G.B., Welty, C., and Buxton, H.T., 1999, Design and analysis of tracer tests to determine effective porosity and dispersivity in fractured sedimentary rocks, Newark Basin, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4126, vi, 80 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984126A.","productDescription":"vi, 80 p. 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Jersey\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db667ebb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carleton, Glen B. 0000-0002-7666-4407 carleton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7666-4407","contributorId":3795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carleton","given":"Glen","email":"carleton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":196487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Welty, Claire","contributorId":39416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welty","given":"Claire","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buxton, Herbert T. hbuxton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buxton","given":"Herbert","email":"hbuxton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":27315,"text":"wri984142 - 1999 - Ground water and surface water in the Haiku area, East Maui, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-27T22:25:24.461913","indexId":"wri984142","displayToPublicDate":"2000-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4142","displayTitle":"Ground Water and Surface Water in the Haiku Area, East Maui, Hawaii","title":"Ground water and surface water in the Haiku area, East Maui, Hawaii","docAbstract":"The Haiku study area lies on the gently sloping eastern flank of the East Maui Volcano (Haleakala) between the drainage basins of Maliko Gulch to the west and Kakipi Gulch to the east. The study area lies on the northwest rift zone of East Maui Volcano, a geologic feature 3 to 5 miles wide marked by surface expressions such as cinder, spatter, and pumice cones. The study area contains two geologic units, the main shield-building stage Honomanu Basalt and the Kula Volcanics. The hydraulic conductivity of the Honomanu Basalt was estimated to be between 1,000 and 3,600 feet per day on the basis of aquifer tests and 3,300 feet per day on the basis of the regional recharge rate and observed ground-water heads. The hydraulic conductivity of the Kula Volcanics is expected to be several orders of magnitude lower.\r\n\r\nAn estimated 191 million gallons per day of rainfall and 22 million gallons per day of fog drip reach the study area and about 98 million gallons per day enters the ground-water system as recharge. Nearly all of the ground water currently withdrawn in the study area is from well 5520-01 in Maliko Gulch, where historic withdrawal rates have averaged about 2.8 million gallons per day. An additional 18 million gallons per day of ground-water withdrawal is proposed.\r\n\r\nFlow in Waiohiwi Gulch, a tributary to Maliko Gulch, is perennial between about 2,000 ft and 4,000 ft altitude. At lower altitudes in Maliko Gulch, flow is perennial at only a few spots downstream of springs and near the coast. The Kuiaha and Kaupakulua Gulch systems are usually dry from sea level to an altitude of 350 feet and gain water from about 350 feet to about 900 feet altitude. The two main branches of the Kaupakulua Gulch system alternately gain and lose water as high as 2,400 feet altitude. Kakipi Gulch has perennial flow over much of its length but is often dry near the coast below 400 feet altitude.\r\n\r\nFresh ground water occurs in two main forms: (1) as perched high-level water held up by relatively low-permeability geologic layers, and (2) as a freshwater lens floating on denser, underlying saltwater. The rocks beneath the contact between the Kula Volcanics and the underlying Honomanu Basalt and above the freshwater lens appear to be unsaturated on the basis of several observations: (1) streams are dry or losing water where they are incised into the Honomanu Basalt, (2) the hydraulic conductivity of the Honomanu Basalt is too high to support a thick ground-water lens given the estimated recharge to the study area, and (3) wells that penetrate through the contact have encountered conditions of cascading water from above the contact and dry lava tubes in the Honomanu Basalt. More than 90 percent of the recharge to the study area is estimated to flow downward through the perched high-level water body to reach the freshwater lens.\r\n\r\nA cross-sectional, steady-state, variably saturated ground-water flow model using the computer code VS2DT was constructed to evaluate whether a two-layer, variably saturated ground-water flow system could exist given the hydrologic and geologic conditions of the Haiku study area. Using 25 inches per year of recharge and hydraulic characteristics representative of the Kula Volcanics and the Honomanu Basalt, the model demonstrates that a 13-foot thick geologic layer with a saturated vertical hydraulic conductivity less than 6.6Y10-2 feet per day can impede vertical ground-water flow enough to produce two separate saturated zones with an unsaturated zone between them. Subsequent lower vertical hydraulic conductivity values for the impeding layer allow even less water to reach the lower layer.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984142","usgsCitation":"Gingerich, S.B., 1999, Ground water and surface water in the Haiku area, East Maui, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4142, iv, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984142.","productDescription":"iv, 38 p.","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4142/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95631,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4142/report.pdf","size":"7493","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.43707275390625,\n 20.732997212795915\n ],\n [\n -156.1651611328125,\n 20.732997212795915\n ],\n [\n -156.1651611328125,\n 20.969133867372147\n ],\n [\n -156.43707275390625,\n 20.969133867372147\n ],\n [\n -156.43707275390625,\n 20.732997212795915\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66de37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gingerich, Stephen B. 0000-0002-4381-0746 sbginger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-0746","contributorId":1426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gingerich","given":"Stephen","email":"sbginger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":197901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24892,"text":"ofr99378 - 1999 - Sources of springs supplying base flow to the Verde River headwaters, Yavapai County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T15:17:14","indexId":"ofr99378","displayToPublicDate":"2000-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-378","title":"Sources of springs supplying base flow to the Verde River headwaters, Yavapai County, Arizona","docAbstract":"Multiple lines of evidence were used to identify\r\nsource aquifers, quantify their respective contributions,\r\nand trace the ground-water flow paths that supply\r\nbase flow to the uppermost reach of the Verde\r\nRiver in Yavapai County, Arizona. Ground-water discharge\r\nvia springs provides base flow for a 24-mile\r\nlong reach from the mouth of Granite Creek (river\r\nmile 2.0) to Perkinsville (river mile 26). The flowing\r\nreach is important to downstream water users, maintains\r\ncritical habitat for the recovery of native fish\r\nspecies, and has been designated a Wild and Scenic\r\nRiver. Sources of base flow are deduced from (a)\r\ngeologic information, (b) ground-water levels, (c)\r\nprecipitation and streamflow records, (d) downstream\r\nchanges in base-flow measurements, (e) hydrologic\r\nanalysis of water-budget components, and (f) stableisotope\r\ngeochemistry of ground water, surface water,\r\nand springs. Combined, this information clearly indicates\r\nthat interconnected aquifers in Big Chino Valley\r\nare the primary source of Big Chino Springs, presently\r\nsupplying at least 80 percent of the upper Verde\r\nRiver?s base flow.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99378","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Wirt, L., and Hjalmarson, H., 1999, Sources of springs supplying base flow to the Verde River headwaters, Yavapai County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-378, 50 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99378.","productDescription":"50 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157255,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1884,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr-99-0378/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e75a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wirt, Laurie","contributorId":13204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirt","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hjalmarson, H. W.","contributorId":95872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hjalmarson","given":"H. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22978,"text":"ofr99532 - 1999 - Processing of seismic tomography data collected at Tunnel 160, Deglen Mountain, Kazakhstan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-24T06:27:00","indexId":"ofr99532","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-532","title":"Processing of seismic tomography data collected at Tunnel 160, Deglen Mountain, Kazakhstan","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99532","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Ellefsen, K., and Leith, W., 1999, Processing of seismic tomography data collected at Tunnel 160, Deglen Mountain, Kazakhstan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-532, iv, 17 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99532.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0532/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52370,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0532/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Kazakhstan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 53.525390625,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n 56.51367187499999,\n 41.11246878918088\n ],\n [\n 57.12890625,\n 44.715513732021336\n ],\n [\n 58.798828125,\n 44.715513732021336\n ],\n [\n 61.787109375,\n 43.83452678223682\n ],\n [\n 65.302734375,\n 43.45291889355465\n ],\n [\n 66.4453125,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n 68.02734375,\n 39.50404070558415\n ],\n [\n 69.873046875,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n 75.498046875,\n 43.58039085560784\n ],\n [\n 79.1015625,\n 42.68243539838623\n ],\n [\n 80.68359375,\n 42.68243539838623\n ],\n [\n 81.2109375,\n 43.644025847699496\n ],\n [\n 81.38671875,\n 45.089035564831036\n ],\n [\n 82.79296874999999,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n 82.96875,\n 46.800059446787316\n ],\n [\n 85.341796875,\n 47.15984001304432\n ],\n [\n 87.36328125,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n 85.869140625,\n 49.83798245308484\n ],\n [\n 80.771484375,\n 51.28940590271679\n ],\n [\n 80.068359375,\n 50.90303283111257\n ],\n [\n 76.728515625,\n 54.16243396806779\n ],\n [\n 74.44335937499999,\n 53.48804553605622\n ],\n [\n 70.3125,\n 55.1286490684888\n ],\n [\n 69.169921875,\n 55.27911529201561\n ],\n [\n 61.435546875,\n 54.059387886623576\n ],\n [\n 60.732421875,\n 50.680797145321655\n ],\n [\n 58.97460937499999,\n 51.39920565355378\n ],\n [\n 51.591796875,\n 51.83577752045248\n ],\n [\n 49.39453125,\n 51.28940590271679\n ],\n [\n 47.548828125,\n 50.401515322782366\n ],\n [\n 47.548828125,\n 48.28319289548349\n ],\n [\n 49.5703125,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n 53.0859375,\n 46.31658418182218\n ],\n [\n 51.591796875,\n 45.02695045318546\n ],\n [\n 50.537109375,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n 52.20703125,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n 53.525390625,\n 41.902277040963696\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6891da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellefsen, Karl","contributorId":19588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellefsen","given":"Karl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leith, William","contributorId":81502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leith","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21916,"text":"ofr99432 - 1999 - Lithostratigraphy, geophysics, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of eastern Collier County and northern Monroe County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-18T19:01:23.607024","indexId":"ofr99432","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-432","title":"Lithostratigraphy, geophysics, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of eastern Collier County and northern Monroe County, Florida","docAbstract":"In 1997, ten cores were drilled in eastern Collier County and northern Monroe County, within the limits of the Big Cypress National Preserve. These cores represent a continuation of the study of seven cores in western Collier County begun in 1996 and reported in Weedman and others (1997) and Edwards and others (1998). This joint U.S. Geological Survey and Florida Geological Survey project is designed to acquire subsurface geologic and hydrologic data in southwest Florida to extend current ground-water models, thereby expanding the utility of these models for land and water management. In this report we describe the lithostratigraphy, geophysical logging, sedimentological analysis, dinocyst biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of these ten cores. \r\n\r\nThe three geophysical logs (natural gamma-ray, induction conductivity, and neutron porosity) assumed to be related to formation lithology and water quality show that a number of clay-rich zones are present in all of the boreholes, and that pore-water conductivity increases with depth. The clay-rich zones are confirmed by visual examination of core material and sedimentological analysis.\r\n\r\nThe relative transmissivity calculated at 10-foot-thick intervals shows that in six of the boreholes, high values are associated with the shallow aquifer in the 0-40 ft interval. Two of the boreholes (the most northerly and the most easterly) showed relatively higher values of transmissivity in permeable zones at or somewhat below 100 ft in depth. Core geology and logs indicate that the deeper aquifers are not more permeable than similar deeper zones in the other boreholes, but rather that the shallow aquifer appears to be less permeable in these two coreholes.\r\n\r\nThe Arcadia (?) Formation was only penetrated in the deepest core where it is late Miocene in age. The Peace River Formation was penetrated in all but the two westernmost cores. It yields a late Miocene age, based on both dinocysts and strontium-isotope stratigraphy. The top is an irregular surface. Age and stratigraphic relations suggest that the upper part of the Peace River and lower part of the unnamed formation are at least partially equivalent laterally.\r\n\r\nThe unnamed formation was recovered in every core. It is thinnest in the northernmost core and thickest to the west. Ages calculated from strontium isotopes range from 6.9 to 4.6 million years ago (late Miocene to early Pliocene). The top of the unnamed formation is deepest to the north and it becomes shallower to the southwest.\r\n\r\nThe Tamiami Formation also was recovered in every core and consistently yields early Pliocene ages; it yields late Pliocene ages near the top in two cores. The age and lateral relations strongly suggest that the lower part of the Tamiami Formation and the upper part of the unnamed formation are lateral facies of each other.\r\n\r\nThe Fort Thompson (?) Formation, Miami Limestone, and undifferentiated siliciclastic sediments and limestone at the very top of the cores were not dated.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99432","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Weedman, S., Paillet, F.L., Edwards, L.E., Simmons, K.R., Scott, T., Wardlaw, B.R., Reese, R., and Blair, J., 1999, Lithostratigraphy, geophysics, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of eastern Collier County and northern Monroe County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-432, 125 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99432.","productDescription":"125 p.","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1275,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/of99-432/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":155273,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":482192,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/of99-432/of99-432.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Collier County, Monroe County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.9854736328125,\n 25.530050090109015\n ],\n [\n -80.958251953125,\n 25.530050090109015\n ],\n [\n -80.958251953125,\n 26.58607100679426\n ],\n [\n -81.9854736328125,\n 26.58607100679426\n ],\n [\n -81.9854736328125,\n 25.530050090109015\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635f8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weedman, S.D.","contributorId":23961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weedman","given":"S.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simmons, K. R.","contributorId":68771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scott, T.M.","contributorId":66694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wardlaw, B. R.","contributorId":9269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wardlaw","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reese, R.S.","contributorId":17644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reese","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Blair, J.L.","contributorId":55857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blair","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":32305,"text":"ofr99188 - 1999 - Water use in Arkansas, 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:10","indexId":"ofr99188","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-188","title":"Water use in Arkansas, 1995","docAbstract":"As part of the National Water-Use Information Program, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) stores water-use data in standardized format for different categories of water use. These data are aggregated by county, 4- and 8-digit hydrologic units, and aquifer in the Aggregated Water-Use Data System (AWUDS). Site-specific water-use data for public supply, commercial, industrial, mining, and power generation are stored in the Site-Specific Water-Use Data System (SSWUDS). Site-specific water-use for irrigation and livestock (stock and animal specialties) is stored in the Arkansas District's Water-Use Data Base System (WUDBS). Information about amounts of water withdrawn, sources of water, how the water was used, and how much was returned is available to water-resources managers and policy makers.\r\n\r\nFrom 1960 until about 1985, water-use data were collected and compiled in cooperation with Arkansas Geological Commission (AGC). Since 1985, water-use data have been collected and stored in cooperation with the Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission (ASWCC). Updated reports are periodically required because water use changes with time. This report contains 1995 water-use data compiled as part of the National Water-Use Information Program.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr99188","usgsCitation":"Holland, T.W., 1999, Water use in Arkansas, 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-188, 19 maps on 1 sheet :some col. ;maps 8 x 9 cm. and 4 x 5 cm., sheet 69 x 97 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99188.","productDescription":"19 maps on 1 sheet :some col. ;maps 8 x 9 cm. and 4 x 5 cm., sheet 69 x 97 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":19709,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0188/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f0019","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holland, Terrance W.","contributorId":45754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"Terrance","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22759,"text":"ofr99153 - 1999 - Proceedings of Conference on Status of Geologic Research and Mapping, Death Valley National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T18:08:05","indexId":"ofr99153","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-153","title":"Proceedings of Conference on Status of Geologic Research and Mapping, Death Valley National Park","docAbstract":"Welcome to this conference on the “Status of Geologic Research and Mapping in Death Valley National Park.” We organized this conference in an effort to foster communication and increase awareness among parties conducting geologic research in and around the park. Additionally, we hope to assess the status of geologic mapping efforts within the park boundaries in an effort to provide a framework for future discussions regarding the impact and merits of the development of a park-wide geologic map. The topics presented at this meeting reflect the breadth of recent and ongoing geologic research in and near Death Valley National Park. Sessions include (1) regional structure, tectonics, and bedrock geology; (2) Neogene basin stratigraphy, geophysics, and hydrology; (3) posters on mapping in the Death Valley region and topical ones on Death Valley National Park; (4) imagery, Quaternary stratigraphy and geomorphology, and Quaternary geochronology; and (5) paleoclimate and active tectonics. On a one-day field trip to Death Valley, we will visit areas of “type locality” status as well as areas of new research.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99153","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"1999, Proceedings of Conference on Status of Geologic Research and Mapping, Death Valley National Park: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-153, 177 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99153.","productDescription":"177 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":52195,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0153/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":1498,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr-99-0153/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0153/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db6608c5","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Slate, J.L.","contributorId":101695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slate","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749537,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31036,"text":"wri994292 - 1999 - Bathymetric survey and physical and chemical-related properties of Raccourci Lake, Louisiana, July 1998 and April 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-15T21:18:04.798507","indexId":"wri994292","displayToPublicDate":"2000-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4292","displayTitle":"Bathymetric Survey and Physical and Chemical-Related Properties of Raccourci Lake, Louisiana, July 1998 and April 1999","title":"Bathymetric survey and physical and chemical-related properties of Raccourci Lake, Louisiana, July 1998 and April 1999","docAbstract":"Raccourci Lake (Old River), an oxbow lake formed from an incomplete cutoff of the Mississippi River in southeast Louisiana, is a popular recreational lake used for water-based activities such as water skiing, fishing, boating, and swimming. The nearness of this large oxbow to Baton Rouge and its continued fishing productivity make it one of the most used lakes in southern Louisiana. An understanding of current hydrologic conditions of Raccourci Lake and other lakes and reservoirs in Louisiana is essential to the management and protection of these valuable natural resources. Water quality and quantity are important concerns to those who use these bodies of water for municipal, recreational, agricultural, or industrial purposes. Current and accurate information regarding the physical and chemical-related properties and conditions of freshwater lakes and reservoirs in Louisiana is fundamental to planners and managers for evaluating these resources. In October 1996, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, began a study to conduct a bathymetric survey and determine the physical and chemical-related properties of Raccourci Lake.
The purpose of this report is to present the results of the bathymetric survey and the results of vertical profiles of physical and chemical-related properties, including depth, water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), specific conductance, and pH, which were measured at three sites in the lake. Hydrographic surveying software was used for combining differential global positioning system (DGPS) information with digital survey fathometer data to accurately map the bathymetry of the lake. The bathymetric map was produced using geographic information systems (GIS), and lines of equal depth of water were reviewed and edited for accuracy and consistency. On-site physical and chemical-related properties were measured at the three selected locations using a water-quality monitor. This report is one in a series of planned map reports describing current bathymetry and physical and chemical-related properties of lakes and reservoirs in Louisiana.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994292","collaboration":"Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development Public Works and Water Resources Division Water Resources Section","usgsCitation":"Ensminger, P.A., 1999, Bathymetric survey and physical and chemical-related properties of Raccourci Lake, Louisiana, July 1998 and April 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4292, Sheet: 28 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994292.","productDescription":"Sheet: 28 x 24 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389260,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4292/wri994292.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.72 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRi 99–4292"},{"id":389259,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4292/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Raccourci Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.70116424560547,\n 30.805846525775767\n ],\n [\n -91.51748657226561,\n 30.805846525775767\n ],\n [\n -91.51748657226561,\n 30.93138431144919\n ],\n [\n -91.70116424560547,\n 30.93138431144919\n ],\n [\n -91.70116424560547,\n 30.805846525775767\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
640 Grassmere Park, Suite 100
Nashville, TN 37211
The City of Cedar Rapids, Iowa obtains its municipal water supply from four well fields along the Cedar River. The wells are completed at depths of about 60 to 80 feet in a shallow alluvial aquifer adjacent to the Cedar River. The City of Cedar Rapids and the U.S. Geological Survey have conducted a cooperative study of the groundwater flow system and water quality near the well fields since 1992. The purpose of this report is to document selected hydrologic data collected from April 1996 through March 1999. Data include the results of water-quality analyses, ground-waterlevels continuously measured with pressure transducers and data recorders, and physical properties continuously monitored using multiprobe instruments. Water-quality samples were collected from selected wells and the Cedar River to conduct periodic monitoring, to evaluate ground-water geochemistry, to assess the occurrence of pesticides and herbicide degradates in the alluvial aquifer, and to characterize water quality in shallow ground water near a wetland area in the Seminole Well Field. Types of water-quality analyses included common ions (calcium, chloride, iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, silica, sodium, and sulfate), trace elements (boron, bromide, and fluoride), nutrients (ammonia as nitrogen, nitrite as nitrogen, nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen, and orthophosphate as phosphorus), dissolved organic carbon, and selected pesticides and herbicide degradates. Ground-water levels in selected observation wells were continuously measured to assess temporal trends in groundwater levels in the alluvial aquifer and bedrock aquifer, to help calibrate a ground-water flow model being constructed to simulate local groundwater flow under transient conditions near the well fields, and to assess hydrologic conditions near a wetland area in the Seminole Well Field. Physical properties (specific conductance, pH, dissolved oxygen, and water temperature) were continuously monitored to assess temporal variation and to help evaluate the interaction between the Cedar River and ground water in the alluvial aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City, IA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99461","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Cedar Rapids, Iowa","usgsCitation":"Boyd, R., Kuzniar, R., and Schulmeyer, P., 1999, Selected hydrologic data from the Cedar Rapids area, Linn County, Iowa, April 1996 through March 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-461, viii, 241 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99461.","productDescription":"viii, 241 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":156017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0461/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52037,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0461/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","city":"Cedar 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P.M.","contributorId":17208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulmeyer","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":38121,"text":"ofr99555 - 1999 - The Silent Canyon caldera complex — A three-dimensional model based on drill-hole stratigraphy and gravity inversion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T12:49:49.93233","indexId":"ofr99555","displayToPublicDate":"2000-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-555","title":"The Silent Canyon caldera complex — A three-dimensional model based on drill-hole stratigraphy and gravity inversion","docAbstract":"The structural framework of Pahute Mesa, Nevada, is dominated by the Silent Canyon caldera complex, a buried, multiple collapse caldera complex. Using the boundary surface between low density Tertiary volcanogenic rocks and denser granitic and weakly metamorphosed sedimentary rocks (basement) as the outer fault surfaces for the modeled collapse caldera complex, it is postulated that the caldera complex collapsed on steeply- dipping arcuate faults two, possibly three, times following eruption of at least two major ash-flow tuffs. The caldera and most of its eruptive products are now deeply buried below the surface of Pahute Mesa. Relatively low-density rocks in the caldera complex produce one of the largest gravity lows in the western conterminous United States. Gravity modeling defines a steep sided, cup-shaped depression as much as 6,000 meters (19,800 feet) deep that is surrounded and floored by denser rocks. The steeply dipping surface located between the low-density basin fill and the higher density external rocks is considered to be the surface of the ring faults of the multiple calderas. Extrapolation of this surface upward to the outer, or topographic rim, of the Silent Canyon caldera complex defines the upper part of the caldera collapse structure. Rock units within and outside the Silent Canyon caldera complex are combined into seven hydrostratigraphic units based on their predominant hydrologic characteristics. The caldera structures and other faults on Pahute Mesa are used with the seven hydrostratigraphic units to make a three-dimensional geologic model of Pahute Mesa using the \"EarthVision\" (Dynamic Graphics, Inc.) modeling computer program. This method allows graphic representation of the geometry of the rocks and produces computer generated cross sections, isopach maps, and three-dimensional oriented diagrams. These products have been created to aid in visualizing and modeling the ground-water flow system beneath Pahute Mesa.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99555","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Nevada Operation Office U.S. Department of Energy (Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-96NV11967)","usgsCitation":"McKee, E.H., Hildenbrand, T.G., Anderson, M., Rowley, P.D., and Sawyer, D.A., 1999, The Silent Canyon caldera complex — A three-dimensional model based on drill-hole stratigraphy and gravity inversion: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-555, Report: 79 p., 6 Plates: 21.04 x 17.89 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99555.","productDescription":"Report: 79 p., 6 Plates: 21.04 x 17.89 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"83","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":64370,"rank":10,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0555/pdf/of99-555.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":3456,"rank":9,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0555/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":392966,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23045.htm"},{"id":285070,"rank":7,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr99555.jpg"},{"id":285069,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0555/pdf/Fig11aBIG.pdf"},{"id":285068,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0555/pdf/Fig10aBIG.pdf"},{"id":285064,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0555/pdf/Fig06aBIG.pdf"},{"id":285067,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0555/pdf/Fig09aBIG.pdf"},{"id":285066,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0555/pdf/Fig08aBIG.pdf"},{"id":285065,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0555/pdf/Fig07aBIG.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Silent Canyon caldera complex","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.575,\n 37.158\n ],\n [\n -116.237,\n 37.158\n ],\n [\n -116.237,\n 37.404\n ],\n [\n -116.575,\n 37.404\n ],\n [\n -116.575,\n 37.158\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fcb93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKee, Edwin H. mckee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"mckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":219067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hildenbrand, Thomas G.","contributorId":61787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildenbrand","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Megan L.","contributorId":69189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Megan L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rowley, Peter D.","contributorId":27435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowley","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sawyer, David A. dsawyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawyer","given":"David","email":"dsawyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":219066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":22317,"text":"ofr99111 - 1999 - Loch Vale Watershed Project quality assurance report, 1995-1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:58:53","indexId":"ofr99111","displayToPublicDate":"2000-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-111","title":"Loch Vale Watershed Project quality assurance report, 1995-1998","docAbstract":"The Loch Vale Watershed (LVWS) project was initiated in 1980 by the National Park Service with funding from the Aquatic Effects Research Program of the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program. Initial research objectives were to understand the processes that would either mitigate or accelerate the effects of pollution on soil and surface water chemistry, and to build a record in which long-term trends could be identified and examined.
It is important for all data collected in Loch Vale to meet the high standards of quality set forth in previous LVWS QA/QC reports and LVWS Methods Manuals. Given the ever-widening usage of data collected in Loch Vale, it is equally important to provide users of that data with a report assuring that all data are sound. Parameters covered in this report are the quality of meteorological measurements, hydrological measurements, surface water chemistry, and similarities in catch efficiency of two raingage types in Loch Vale for the period of 1995-1998.
Routine sampling of weather conditions, precipitation chemistry, and stream/lake water chemistry began in 1982. Since then, all samples and data have been analyzed according to widely accepted and published methods. Weather data have been collected, analyzed, and stored by LVWS project personnel. Methods for the handling of meteorological data are well documented (Denning 1988, Edwards 1991, Newkirk 1995,and Allstott 1995). Precipitation chemistry has always been collected according to National Atmospheric Deposition Program protocol (Bigelow 1988), and analyzed at the Central Analytical Laboratory of the Illinois State Water Survey in Champaign, IL. QA/QC procedures of the National Atmospheric Deposition Program are well documented (Aubertin 1990). Protocols for sampling surface waters are also well documented (Newkirk 1995). Analysis of surface water chemistry has been performed using standard EPA protocol at the US Forest Service's Rocky Mt. Station Biogeochemistry Laboratory since 1993.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr99111","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Allstott, E., Bashkin, M.A., and Baron, J., 1999, Loch Vale Watershed Project quality assurance report, 1995-1998: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-111, 28 cm, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99111.","productDescription":"28 cm","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":51729,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0111/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0111/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63bfd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allstott, E.J.","contributorId":25102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allstott","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bashkin, Michael A.","contributorId":93439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bashkin","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26676,"text":"wri994069 - 1999 - Water resources of the Prairie Island Indian Reservation, Minnesota, 1994-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T10:20:05","indexId":"wri994069","displayToPublicDate":"2000-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4069","title":"Water resources of the Prairie Island Indian Reservation, Minnesota, 1994-97","docAbstract":"This evaluation of the water resources on the Prairie Island Indian Reservation includes data collected from 8 surface-water sites and 22 wells during 1994–97 and historical data. The Mississippi River and the lakes and wetlands connected to it are separated from the Vermillion River and the lakes and wetlands connected to it by the surficial aquifer on Prairie Island and by Lock and Dam Number 3. These surface-water groups form hydrologic boundaries of the surficial aquifer. The aquifer is 130–200 feet thick, extends to bedrock (the Franconia Formation, which is also an aquifer), and is composed primarily of sand and gravel, but also contains thin, isolated lenses of finer-grained material. Flow in the surficial aquifer is normally from the Mississippi River to the Vermillion River (southwest). During spring snowmelt or heavy rains, a ground-water mound forms in the center of the study area and causes radial ground-water flow toward the surrounding surface waters.
\nSurface- and ground-water quality was generally similar, but the median ground-water nitrate concentration was 3.6-times greater than that for surface water. Water samples were dominated by calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate ions, were usually oxygenated, and had a median dissolved solids concentration of 250 milligrams per liter (mg/L). Thirty-nine percent of groundwater samples showed evidence of anthropogenic nitrate. Most samples contained low concentrations of ammonia (less than 0.04 milligrams per liter as nitrogen). All 15 surface-water samples contained coliform or fecal streptococci bacteria, with 33 percent exceeding 100 colonies per milliliter. Two ground-water and two surface-water samples analyzed for trace metals contained natural concentrations except for one ground-water sample that contained 30 mg/L of lead (probably from a bullet). No volatile organic compounds were detected in 3 ground-water and 3 surface-water samples. Triazine herbicides and their degradation products were detected in one-half of the ground-water samples at concentrations below 1 microgram per liter (µg/L) except for one sample at 3 µg/L. Wells with initially high concentrations of nitrate or triazines continued to have high concentrations throughout the study. Several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and monoaromatic chemicals were detected at low concentration (less than 89 micrograms per kilogram) in 4 samples of 1993 Mississippi River flood sediments deposited in the study area.
\nGround-water recharge dates based on chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) concentrations indicate that sampled ground water was young (less than 2 decades old) and that all tritium contained in samples from this study can be explained by atmospheric sources. Most historical tritium concentrations can also be explained by atmospheric sources through recharge from spatially and temporally constant precipitation and snowmelt. However, samples from three wells within 800 feet of the Prairie Island Nuclear Power Plant contained tritium at concentrations that cannot be explained by such atmospheric sources. These concentrations decline to that explainable by atmospheric sources within 800 feet of the wells. Many samples contained CFC-113 concentrations higher than that possible from equilibrium with the atmosphere. This CFC-113 contamination is presumably from Mississippi River recharge and complicated the recharge date estimates.
\nThe only surface-water constituents exceeding U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking water standards was coliform or fecal streptococci bacteria, which was exceeded in all samples. Thirteen percent of ground-water samples exceeded the nitrate maximum contaminant level (MCL), but this is probably higher than the percentage of the aquifer exceeding the nitrate MCL because most of the wells sampled were shallow. Surface-water recharge to and ground-water discharge from the surficial aquifer influence the water quality in both the aquifer and the surrounding surface water. However, surface water probably influences ground-water quality more because of the greater amount of surface water flowing through the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri994069","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Prairie Island Dakota Community","usgsCitation":"Cowdery, T.K., 1999, Water resources of the Prairie Island Indian Reservation, Minnesota, 1994-97: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4069, Document: iv, 36 p.; 1 Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994069.","productDescription":"Document: iv, 36 p.; 1 Appendix","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_99_4069.jpg"},{"id":12248,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/publications/pubs/99-4069.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":12249,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/publications/pubs/Appendixes.xls"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Island Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.683333,\n 44.658333\n ],\n [\n -92.683333,\n 44.6\n ],\n [\n -92.6,\n 44.6\n ],\n [\n -92.6,\n 44.658333\n ],\n [\n -92.683333,\n 44.658333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f03e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cowdery, Timothy K. 0000-0001-9402-6575 cowdery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9402-6575","contributorId":456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowdery","given":"Timothy","email":"cowdery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":196813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31024,"text":"wri994018C - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70175472,"text":"wri994018CB - 1999 - Ground-water contamination by crude oil: Section B in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","indexId":"wri994018CB","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","subchapterNumber":"B","title":"Ground-water contamination by crude oil: Section B in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":31024,"text":"wri994018C - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","indexId":"wri994018C","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":70194891,"text":"70194891 - 1999 - Overview of research on water, gas, and radionuclide transport at the Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)","indexId":"70194891","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Overview of research on water, gas, and radionuclide transport at the Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":31024,"text":"wri994018C - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","indexId":"wri994018C","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":70194892,"text":"70194892 - 1999 - Tritium in water vapor in the shallow unsaturated zone at the Amargosa Desert Research Site","indexId":"70194892","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Tritium in water vapor in the shallow unsaturated zone at the Amargosa Desert Research Site"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":31024,"text":"wri994018C - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","indexId":"wri994018C","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)"},"id":3},{"subject":{"id":70194919,"text":"70194919 - 1999 - Isotopic composition of water in a deep unsaturated zone beside a radioactive-waste disposal area near Beatty, Nevada","indexId":"70194919","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Isotopic composition of water in a deep unsaturated zone beside a radioactive-waste disposal area near Beatty, Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":31024,"text":"wri994018C - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","indexId":"wri994018C","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)"},"id":4},{"subject":{"id":70194937,"text":"70194937 - 1999 - Soil respiration at the Amargosa Desert Research site: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)","indexId":"70194937","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Soil respiration at the Amargosa Desert Research site: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":31024,"text":"wri994018C - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","indexId":"wri994018C","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)"},"id":5},{"subject":{"id":70194938,"text":"70194938 - 1999 - Tritium and 14C concentrations in unsaturated-zone gases at test hole UZB-2, Amargosa Desert Research Site, 1994-98: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)>","indexId":"70194938","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"Tritium and 14C concentrations in unsaturated-zone gases at test hole UZB-2, Amargosa Desert Research Site, 1994-98: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)","title":"Tritium and 14C concentrations in unsaturated-zone gases at test hole UZB-2, Amargosa Desert Research Site, 1994-98: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)>"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":31024,"text":"wri994018C - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","indexId":"wri994018C","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)"},"id":6}],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-13T22:04:21.937166","indexId":"wri994018C","displayToPublicDate":"2000-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4018","chapter":"C","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","docAbstract":"This report contains papers presented at the seventh Technical Meeting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Toxic Substances Hydrology (Toxics) Program. The meeting was held March 8-12, 1999, in Charleston, South Carolina. Toxics Program Technical Meetings are held periodically to provide a forum for presentation and discussion of results of recent research activities.
The objectives of these meetings are to:
The Proceedings is published in three volumes. Volume 1 contains papers that report on results of research on contamination from hard-rock mining. Results include research on contamination from hard rock mining in arid southwest alluvial basins, research on hard rock mining in mountainous terrain, and progress from the USGS Abandoned Mine Lands Initiative. This Initiative is designed to develop a watershed-based approach to characterize and remediate contamination from abandoned mine lands and transfer technologies to Federal land management agencies and stakeholders.
Volume 2 contains papers on contamination of hydrologic systems and related ecosystems. The papers discuss research on the response of estuarine ecosystems to contamination from human activities. They include research on San Francisco Bay; mercury contamination of aquatic ecosystems; and investigation of the occurrence, distribution, and fate of agricultural chemicals in the Mississippi River Basin. This volume also contains results on development and reconnaissance testing of new methods to detect emerging contaminants in environmental samples.
Volume 3 contains papers on subsurface contamination from point sources. The papers discuss research on: hydrocarbons and fuel oxygenates at gasoline release sites; ground-water contamination by crude oil; complex contaminant mixtures from treated wastewater discharges; waste disposal and subsurface transport of contaminants in arid environments; ground water and surface water affected by municipal landfill leachate; natural attenuation of chlorinated solvents; and characterizing flow and transport in fractured rock aquifers.
In all, the more than 175 papers contained in this proceedings reflect the contributions of more than 350 scientists who are co-authors. These scientists are from across the USGS, as well as from universities, other Federal and State agencies, and industry.
This report is a product of the Black Hills Hydrology Study, which was initiated in 1990 to assess the quantity, quality, and distribution of surface water and ground water in the Black Hills area of South Dakota (Driscoll, 1992). This long-term study is a cooperative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources, and the West Dakota Water Development District, which represents various local and county cooperators. The map in this report is part of a series of 1:100,000-scale maps that are being produced for the study. Other maps include structure-contour maps (altitudes of the tops of formations) for five formations that contain major aquifers in the study area, and potentiometric maps for these five major aquifers (the Inyan Kara, Minnekahta, Minnelusa, Madison, and Deadwood aquifers).
The study area consists of the topographically defined Black Hills and adjacent areas located in western South Dakota. The Black Hills area is an elongated, dome-shaped feature, about 125 miles long and 60 miles wide, which was uplifted during the Laramide orogeny (Feldman and Heimlich, 1980). The oldest geologic units in the study area are Precambrian metamorphic and igneous rocks, which are exposed in the central core of the Black Hills. Surrounding the Precambrian core is a layered series of sedimentary rocks including limestones, sandstones, and shales that are exposed in roughly concentric rings around the uplifted flanks of the Black Hills. The bedrock sedimentary units typically dip away from the uplifted Black Hills at angles that approach or exceed 10 degrees near the outcrops, and decrease with distance from the uplift. Many of the sedimentary units contain aquifers, both within and beyond the study area. Recharge to these aquifers occurs from infiltration of precipitation upon the outcrops and, in some cases, from infiltration of streamflow (Hortness and Driscoll, 1998). Artesian conditions generally exist within these aquifers where an upper confining layer is present. Flowing wells and artesian springs that originate from confined aquifers are common around the periphery of the Black Hills.