During ODP Leg 171B, devoted to the analysis of the Blake Plateau margin in front of Florida, 16 holes have been drilled in 5 distinct sites. The sites have documented a sedimentary succession ranging in age from Aptian to Eocene. Emphasis has been put on critical periods, comprising the Paleocene-Eocene transition, the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary which has been cored in excellent conditions, the middle Maastrichtian extinctions and the Albian anoxic episodes.
","language":"English, French","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1251-8050(97)89868-0","usgsCitation":"Bellier, J.#., Marca, S., Norris, R.D., Kroon, D., Klaus, A., Alexander, I.T., Bardot, L.P., Barker, C., Blome, C.D., Clarke, L.J., Erbacher, J., Faul, K.L., Holmes, M.A., Huber, B.T., Katz, M.E., MacLeod, K.G., Martinez-Ruiz, F., Mita, I., Nakai, M., Ogg, J.G., Pak, D.K., Pletsch, T.K., Self-Trail, J., Shackleton, N.J., Smit, J., Ussler, W., Watkins, D.K., Widmark, J., and Wilson, P.A., 1997, The Blake Nose Cretaceous-Paleogene (Florida Atlantic margin, ODP Leg 171 B): An exemplar record of the Maastrichtian-Danian transition: Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences - Serie IIa: Sciences de la Terre et des Planetes, v. 325, no. 7, p. 499-504, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1251-8050(97)89868-0.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"499","endPage":"504","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226294,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":489828,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1251-8050(97)89868-0","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Ocean, Blake Nose Cretaceous-Paleogene","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78,\n 30.5\n ],\n [\n -78,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 30.5\n ],\n [\n -78,\n 30.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"325","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba6a2e4b08c986b321219","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bellier, J. #NAME?","contributorId":25414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bellier","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"#NAME?","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marca, S.","contributorId":84219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marca","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Norris, Richard D.","contributorId":51651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kroon, D.","contributorId":79364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroon","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Klaus, A.","contributorId":70957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaus","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alexander, I. 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C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Mita, I.","contributorId":29273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mita","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Nakai, M.","contributorId":102747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakai","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Ogg, James G.","contributorId":66842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ogg","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Pak, Dorothy K.","contributorId":260647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pak","given":"Dorothy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Pletsch, T. K.","contributorId":19437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pletsch","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean 0000-0002-3018-4985 jstrail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-4985","contributorId":147370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":535141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Shackleton, N. J.","contributorId":8996,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shackleton","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Smit, J.","contributorId":32677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smit","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Ussler, William III","contributorId":77996,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ussler","given":"William","suffix":"III","affiliations":[{"id":7043,"text":"University of North Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":382912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Watkins, David K.","contributorId":270769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watkins","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Widmark, J.","contributorId":98596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widmark","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Wilson, Paul A.","contributorId":211008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":38169,"text":"University of Southamton, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":382915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29}]}} ,{"id":70019474,"text":"70019474 - 1997 - Simulation of ground-water level fluctuations using recharge estimated by field infiltrometer measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-12T16:38:10.511043","indexId":"70019474","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation of ground-water level fluctuations using recharge estimated by field infiltrometer measurements","docAbstract":"An infiltrometer was used at multiple locations at a site in Lee County, Fl. to define the spatial variability in infiltration parameters. Water-level data from a well at this site were collected hourly and used to determine the temporal variability in recharge. These results were used to define recharge in a representative stochastic numerical model of the aquifer. Model results without recharge compare well with existing analytical solutions for spatial head variability. Simulations with representative recharge events indicate that recharge produces a significant to dominant effect on head variability, which creates dispersion of contaminants, and that small-scale spatial and temporal recharge variations are the predominant mechanism causing the head variations.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1997)123:10(904)","issn":"07339429","usgsCitation":"Swain, E., 1997, Simulation of ground-water level fluctuations using recharge estimated by field infiltrometer measurements: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 123, no. 10, p. 904-911, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1997)123:10(904).","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"904","endPage":"911","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226926,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b905ce4b08c986b31946d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swain, E.D. 0000-0001-7168-708X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-708X","contributorId":29007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swain","given":"E.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70019473,"text":"70019473 - 1997 - Concentrations of chlorinated organic compounds in biota and bed sediment in streams of the San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:11","indexId":"70019473","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentrations of chlorinated organic compounds in biota and bed sediment in streams of the San Joaquin Valley, California","docAbstract":"Samples of resident biota and bed sediments were collected in 1992 from 18 sites on or near the floor of the San Joaquin Valley, California, for analysis of 33 organochlorine compounds. The sites were divided into five groups on the basis of physiographic region and land use. Ten compounds were detected in tissue, and 15 compounds were detected in bed sediment. The most frequently detected compound in both media was p,p'-DDE. Concentrations of ??DDT (sum of o,p'- and p, p' forms of DDD, DDE, and DDT) were statistically different among groups of sites for both tissue and sediment (Kruskal- Wallis, p < 0.05). Concentrations in both media were highest in streams draining the west side of the valley. Concentrations of ??DDT in tissue were significantly correlated with specific conductance, pH, and total alkalinity (p < 0.05), which are indicators of the proportion of irrigation return flows in stream discharge. Concentrations in sediment on a dry-weight basis were not correlated with these water-quality parameters, but total organic carbon (TOC) normalized concentrations were significantly correlated with specific conductance and pH (p < 0.05). Regressions of the concentration of ??DDT in tissue, as a function of ??DDT in bed sediment, were significant and explained up to 76% of the variance in the data. The concentration of ??DDT in sediment may be related to mechanisms of soil transport to surface water with bioavailability of compounds related to the concentration of TOC in sediment. The results of this study did not indicate any clear advantage to using either bed sediment or tissues in studies of organochlorine chemicals in the environment. Some guidelines for protection of fish and wildlife were exceeded. Concentrations of organochlorine chemicals in biota, and perhaps sediment, have declined from concentrations measured in the 1970s and 1980s, but remain high compared to other regions of the United States.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s002449900265","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Brown, L., 1997, Concentrations of chlorinated organic compounds in biota and bed sediment in streams of the San Joaquin Valley, California: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 33, no. 4, p. 357-368, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449900265.","startPage":"357","endPage":"368","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205811,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900265"},{"id":226925,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f990e4b0c8380cd4d693","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, L. R. 0000-0001-6702-4531","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":66391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"L. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70019475,"text":"70019475 - 1997 - Constant-concentration boundary condition: Lessons from the HYDROCOIN variable-density groundwater benchmark problem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-13T05:55:59","indexId":"70019475","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constant-concentration boundary condition: Lessons from the HYDROCOIN variable-density groundwater benchmark problem","docAbstract":"In a solute-transport model, if a constant-concentration boundary condition is applied at a node in an active flow field, a solute flux can occur by both advective and dispersive processes. The potential for advective release is demonstrated by reexamining the Hydrologic Code Intercomparison (HYDROCOIN) project case 5 problem, which represents a salt dome overlain by a shallow groundwater system. The resulting flow field includes significant salinity and fluid density variations. Several independent teams simulated this problem using finite difference or finite element numerical models. We applied a method-of-characteristics model (MOCDENSE). The previous numerical implementations by HYDROCOIN teams of a constant-concentration boundary to represent salt release by lateral dispersion only (as stipulated in the original problem definition) was flawed because this boundary condition allows the release of salt into the flow field by both dispersion and advection. When the constant-concentration boundary is modified to allow salt release by dispersion only, significantly less salt is released into the flow field. The calculated brine distribution for case 5 depends very little on which numerical model is used, as long as the selected model is solving the proper equations. Instead, the accuracy of the solution depends strongly on the proper conceptualization of the problem, including the detailed design of the constant-concentration boundary condition. The importance and sensitivity to the manner of specification of this boundary does not appear to have been recognized previously in the analysis of this problem.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/97WR01926","usgsCitation":"Konikow, L.F., Sanford, W., and Campbell, P., 1997, Constant-concentration boundary condition: Lessons from the HYDROCOIN variable-density groundwater benchmark problem: Water Resources Research, v. 33, no. 10, p. 2253-2261, https://doi.org/10.1029/97WR01926.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2253","endPage":"2261","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa03e4b0c8380cd4d896","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":382861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanford, W. E. 0000-0002-6624-0280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":102112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"W. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, P.J.","contributorId":56393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70019477,"text":"70019477 - 1997 - Depositional sequence stratigraphy and architecture of the cretaceous ferron sandstone: Implications for coal and coalbed methane resources - A field excursion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-10T01:05:36.611131","indexId":"70019477","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1077,"text":"Brigham Young University Geology Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depositional sequence stratigraphy and architecture of the cretaceous ferron sandstone: Implications for coal and coalbed methane resources - A field excursion","docAbstract":"This Field Excursion will visit outcrops of the fluvial-deltaic Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale, known as the Last Chance delta or Upper Ferron Sandstone. This field guide and the field stops will outline the architecture and depositional sequence stratigraphy of the Upper Ferron Sandstone clastic wedge and explore the stratigraphic positions and compositions of major coal zones. The implications of the architecture and stratigraphy of the Ferron fluvial-deltaic complex for coal and coalbed methane resources will be discussed. Early works suggested that the southwesterly derived deltaic deposits of the the upper Ferron Sandstone clastic wedge were a Type-2 third-order depositional sequence, informally called the Ferron Sequence. These works suggested that the Ferron Sequence is separated by a type-2 sequence boundary from the underlying 3rd-order Hyatti Sequence, which has its sediment source from the northwest. Within the 3rd-order depositional sequence, the deltaic events of the Ferron clastic wedge, recognized as parasequence sets, appear to be stacked into progradational, aggradational, and retrogradational patterns reflecting a generally decreasing sediment supply during an overall slow sea-level rise. The architecture of both near-marine facies and non-marine fluvial facies exhibit well defined trends in response to this decrease in available sediment. Recent studies have concluded that, unless coincident with a depositional sequence boundary, regionally extensive coal zones occur at the tops of the parasequence sets within the Ferron clastic wedge. These coal zones consist of coal seams and their laterally equivalent fissile carbonaceous shales, mudstones, and siltstones, paleosols, and flood plain mudstones. Although the compositions of coal zones vary along depositional dip, the presence of these laterally extensive stratigraphic horizons, above parasequence sets, provides a means of correlating and defining the tops of depositional parasequence sets in both near-marine and non-marine parts of fluvial-deltaic depositional sequences. Ongoing field studies, based on this concept of coal zone stratigraphy, and detailed stratigraphic mapping, have documented the existence of at least 12 parasequence sets within the Last Chance delta clastic wedge. These parasequence sets appear to form four high frequency, 4th-order depositional sequences. The dramatic erosional unconformities, associated with these 4th-order sequence boundaries, indicate that there was up to 20-30 m of erosion, signifying locally substantial base-level drops. These base-level drops were accompanied by a basin ward shift in paleo-shorelines by as much as 5-7 km. These 4th-order Upper Ferron Sequences are superimposed on the 3rd-order sea-level rise event and the 3rd-order, sediment supply/accommodation space driven, stratigraphie architecture of the Upper Ferron Sandstone. The fluvial deltaic architecture shows little response to these 4th-order sea-level events. Coal zones generally thicken landward relative to the mean position of the landward pinch-out of the underlying parasequence set, but after some distance landward, they decrease in thickness. Coal zones also generally thin seaward relative to the mean position of the landward pinch-out of the underlying parasequence set. The coal is thickest in the region between this landward pinch-out and the position of maximum zone thickness. Data indicate that the proportion of coal in the coal zone decreases progressively landward from the landward pinch-out. The effects of differential compaction and differences in original pre-peat swamp topography have the effect of adding perturbations to the general trends. These coal zone systematics have major impact on approaches to exploration and production, and the resource accessment of both coal and coalbed methane.","language":"English","publisher":"Brigham Young University","issn":"00681016","usgsCitation":"Garrison, J., Van Den, B.T., Barker, C., and Tabet, D., 1997, Depositional sequence stratigraphy and architecture of the cretaceous ferron sandstone: Implications for coal and coalbed methane resources - A field excursion: Brigham Young University Geology Studies, v. 42, no. 2, p. 155-202.","productDescription":"48 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"202","numberOfPages":"48","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226886,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fec7e4b0c8380cd4ef10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garrison, J.R. Jr.","contributorId":72941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrison","given":"J.R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Den, Bergh T. C. V. T. C. V.","contributorId":84923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Den","given":"Bergh","suffix":"T. C. V.","email":"","middleInitial":"T. C. V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barker, C.E.","contributorId":69991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"C.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tabet, D.E.","contributorId":31536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tabet","given":"D.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5223412,"text":"5223412 - 1997 - Population dynamics of white-winged scoters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-06T22:50:00.640598","indexId":"5223412","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population dynamics of white-winged scoters","docAbstract":"A significant (P < 0.01) decline between 1961 and 1993 in ratio of harvested young per adult in the Atlantic Flyway (age ration) of white-winged scoters (Melanitta fusca) led us to examine annual survival rates and harvest of this species. Compared to waterfowl with similar life histories, black scoters (M. nigra) and surf scoters (M. perspicillata), the decline in age ratios of white-winged scoter age ratios was not significantly different (P = 0.11). Adult females banded at Redberry Lake, Saskatchewan that winter along both coasts, had high annual survival rates (0.773 ± 0.0176 [SE]). High harvest in the Atlantic Flyway was not followed by an increase in production (age ratios) the following year or 2, i.e., there was no short-term rebound in recruitment by the population. Harvest of white-winged scoters in the Atlantic Flyway was explained by the age ratio in the fall flight and by hunter effort.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3802431","usgsCitation":"Krementz, D.G., Brown, P., Kehoe, F., and Houston, C., 1997, Population dynamics of white-winged scoters: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 61, no. 1, p. 222-227, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802431.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"222","endPage":"227","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199952,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic flyway","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.13897441301259,\n 45.30186587969985\n ],\n [\n -78.156631094868,\n 45.30186587969985\n ],\n [\n -78.156631094868,\n 36.632804273458504\n ],\n [\n -71.13897441301259,\n 36.632804273458504\n ],\n [\n -71.13897441301259,\n 45.30186587969985\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6966a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krementz, David G.","contributorId":340950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krementz","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":81684,"text":"Retired USGS, CRU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":338694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, P.W.","contributorId":78846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"P.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kehoe, F.P.","contributorId":29925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kehoe","given":"F.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Houston, C.S.","contributorId":18476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70019482,"text":"70019482 - 1997 - Holocene eolian activity in the Minot dune field, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-20T22:15:50.431695","indexId":"70019482","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene eolian activity in the Minot dune field, North Dakota","docAbstract":"Stabilized eolian sand is common over much of the Great Plains region of the United States and Canada, including a subhumid area of ~1500 km2 near Minot, North Dakota. Eolian landforms consist of sand sheets and northwest-trending parabolic dunes. Dunes and sand sheets in the Minot field are presently stabilized by a cover of prairie grasses or oak woodland. Stratigraphic studies and accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating of paleosols indicate at least two periods of eolian sand movement in the late Holocene. Pedologic data suggest that all of the dune field has experienced late Holocene dune activity, though not all parts of the dune field may have been active simultaneously. Similar immobile element (Ti, Zr, La, Ce) concentrations support the interpretation that eolian sands are derived from local glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine sediments. However, glaciolacustrine and glaciofluvial source sediments have high Ca concentrations from carbonate minerals, whereas dune sands are depleted in Ca. Because noneolian-derived soils in the area are calcareous, these data indicate that the Minot dune field may have had extended periods of activity in the Holocene, such that eolian abrasion removed soft carbonate minerals. The southwest-facing parts of some presently stabilized dunes were active during the 1930s drought, but were revegetated during the wetter years of the 1940s. These observations indicate that severe droughts accompanied by high temperatures are the most likely cause of Holocene eolian activity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/e17-117","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., Stafford, T.W., Been, J., Mahan, S., Burdett, J., Skipp, G., and Rowland, Z., 1997, Holocene eolian activity in the Minot dune field, North Dakota: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 34, no. 11, p. 1442-1459, https://doi.org/10.1139/e17-117.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1442","endPage":"1459","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226966,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Minot Dune Field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.26441057183224,\n 48.99760650408621\n ],\n [\n -102.26441057183224,\n 48.02990509938121\n ],\n [\n -100.00864776181591,\n 48.02990509938121\n ],\n [\n -100.00864776181591,\n 48.99760650408621\n ],\n [\n -102.26441057183224,\n 48.99760650408621\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31e1e4b0c8380cd5e2f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, D.R. 0000-0001-7449-251X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":61460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stafford, Thomas W. Jr.","contributorId":21283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Been, J.","contributorId":24949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Been","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mahan, S. A. 0000-0001-5214-7774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":94333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burdett, J.","contributorId":103019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdett","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Skipp, G.","contributorId":49899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skipp","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rowland, Z.M.","contributorId":24233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"Z.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70019118,"text":"70019118 - 1997 - Crystal structure refinement and Mössbauer spectroscopy of an ordered, triclinic clinochlore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-27T18:09:41","indexId":"70019118","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1245,"text":"Clays and Clay Minerals","onlineIssn":"1552-8367","printIssn":"0009-8604","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crystal structure refinement and Mössbauer spectroscopy of an ordered, triclinic clinochlore","docAbstract":"The crystal structure of a natural, ordered IIb-4 triclinic clinochlore has been refined in space group C1¯ from 4282 unique X-ray intensity measurements of which 3833 are greater than 3 times the statistical counting error (3σ). Unit cell parameters are a = 5.3262(6) Å; b = 9.226(1) Å; c = 14.334(3) Å; α = 90.56(2)°; β = 97.47(2)°; and γ = 89.979(9)°, which represents the greatest deviation from monoclinic symmetry yet recorded for a triclinic chlorite. The final weighted R is 0.059 for reflections with I > 3σ and 0.064 for all reflections. The chemical formula is (Mg0.966Fe0.034)M1(Mg0.962Fe0.038)M22(Si2.96Al1.04)O10 (OH)2(Mg0.996Fe0.004)M32(Al0.841FeIII0.102Cr0.004Ti0.004)M4(OH)6, which is consistent with electron microprobe (EMP), wet chemical analyses, Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray structure refinement. The high degree of ordering of the divalent versus trivalent octahedral cations in the interlayer is noteworthy, with FeIII and Al in M4 and virtually no Fe in M3. In the 2:1 layer, M1 and M2 each contain similar amounts of Fe. The 2 tetrahedral sites have nearly identical mean oxygen distances and volumes, and thus show no evidence of long-range cation ordering.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Clay Minerals Society","doi":"10.1346/CCMN.1997.0450406","usgsCitation":"Smyth, J.R., Dyar, M., May, H.M., Bricker, O.P., and Acker, J.G., 1997, Crystal structure refinement and Mössbauer spectroscopy of an ordered, triclinic clinochlore: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 45, no. 4, p. 544-550, https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1997.0450406.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"544","endPage":"550","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcfde4b0c8380cd4e573","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smyth, Joseph R.","contributorId":89767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smyth","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dyar, M. Darby","contributorId":14314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyar","given":"M. Darby","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Howard M.","contributorId":27202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bricker, Owen P.","contributorId":25142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Acker, James G.","contributorId":52334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acker","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70019116,"text":"70019116 - 1997 - American hydrogeology at the millennium: An annotated chronology of 100 most influential papers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-06T06:29:16","indexId":"70019116","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"American hydrogeology at the millennium: An annotated chronology of 100 most influential papers","docAbstract":"Hydrogeology developed as scientists undertook activities to describe how a groundwater system functions to explain why it is that way, in order to solve practical problems of water supply. This paper demonstrates the evolutionary nature and growth of hydrogeology in the United States on the basis of a selection of one hundred papers that had a significant impact on subsequent activities. We have identified three revolutionary concepts that resulted directly from this evolutionary understanding and have selected papers that demonstrate important consequences. These three concepts are 1) that the mathematical expression for heat flow can be paraphrased for groundwater and used in transient flow conditions to determine aquifer characteristics; 2) that the distribution of fluid potential can be formulated in mathematical equations suitable for solution by various analytical techniques; and 3) that chemical thermodynamics can be applied to hydrogeologic systems in order to understand the processes controlling the chemical character of groundwater. One purpose of this paper is to encourage scientists to gain an additional dimension of satisfaction from their work by being aware of the contributions of those who went before them and to see how their own work fits into the current understanding of hydrogeology.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s100400050255","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Back, W., and Herman, J., 1997, American hydrogeology at the millennium: An annotated chronology of 100 most influential papers: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 5, no. 4, p. 37-50, https://doi.org/10.1007/s100400050255.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9b4e4b0c8380cd483ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Back, W.","contributorId":33839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Back","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herman, J.S.","contributorId":73345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70019849,"text":"70019849 - 1997 - A geologic history of the north-central Appalachians. Part 1. Orogenesis from the Mesoproterozoic through the Taconic orogeny","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-07T16:54:35.660839","indexId":"70019849","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A geologic history of the north-central Appalachians. Part 1. Orogenesis from the Mesoproterozoic through the Taconic orogeny","docAbstract":"The north-central Appalachians lie just southwest of the boundary between the central/southern and northern Appalachians, occupying a critical position within the 3000+ km-long Appalachian orogen. The history of tectonic activity in the north-central Appalachians spans more than one billion years, from the assembly and breakup of a Neoproterozoic supercontinent, through active orogenesis during Laurentia's Paleozoic northward journey off the western margin of West Gondwana, to the Mesozoic transformation of the active orogen into a passive margin during Pangea's disassembly. The major tectonic events include five compressional orogenies and two extensional episodes: 1. The late Mesoproterozoic Grenville orogeny assembled several continental masses into the Neoproterozoic supercontinent, Rodinia. It was the most widespread but now least exposed tectonism, and rocks involved in this event underlie as basement most of the exposed north-central Appalachians. Large fragments of Laurentian Grenville rock were subsequently broken off and incorporated in later Appalachian orogenesis. 2. Crustal extension and rifting late in the Neoproterozoic and into the earliest Cambrian separated Laurentia from West Gondwana, thereby forming the intervening Theic ocean and two continental rifts on Laurentia's eastern margin, the Catoctin rift and, later in the Middle? to Late Cambrian, the so-called \"Rome\" trough. The initial siliciclastic sedimentation on the margin migrated westward through time onto the craton, supplanted by a thick and increasingly wide carbonate shelf on Laurentia's eastern margin. Two microcontinents of Grenville-age, non-Laurentian(?) continental rock became positioned east of Laurentia, thereby creating the Octoraro sea as an arm of Theia. 3. In Theia, east of the two microcontinents, magmatic arcs developed over a subduction zone late in the Cambrian. Convergence within Theia caused the Potomac orogeny, which obduced the arcs (Wilmington Complex, Cecil Amalgamate) over the microcontinents and associated Theic deposits (including accretionary wedge sediments). 4. Continued westward convergence collapsed the Octoraro sea, producing the Middle to Late Ordovician Taconic orogeny in which the Potomac-deformed magmatic arcs and associated Theic elements were obduced onto the Laurentian continental margin. This obduction: drowned the carbonate shelf with siliciclastic sediments (Martinsburg Formation); drove continental rise and basinal deposits over the carbonate shelf on the Martic thrust; slid the Hamburg klippe onto the shelf; and accreted the Potomac package of microcontinent/arc/basinal-sediments onto the Laurentian margin. This orogeny transformed the broad Early Paleozoic carbonate shelf into the Appalachian basin that persisted throughout the Middle and Late Paleozoic. 5. The Middle Devonian Acadian orogeny ended the largely paralic environment that dominated the Appalachian basin during the Late Silurian. Active orogenesis in New England probably extended southward to the north-central Appalachians, because a vast amount of terrigenous sediment was introduced into the Appalachian basin to form the Catskill delta; however, evidence of actual Acadian deformation and metamorphism is lacking at this latitude. These presumed internal Acadides have yet to be found. 6. The convergence of West Gondwana and Laurentia during the Late Carboniferous and earliest Permian produced the Permian Alleghany orogeny in the north-central Appalachians. This widespread decollement tectonism directly affected a larger area of the presently exposed central and southern Appalachians than any earlier Paleozoic tectonic event. An early layer-parallel shortening phase gave way to a fold-thrust development above a basal decollement. This Alleghany fold-and-thrust tectonism created long, arcuate folds in the Appalachian basin. Late in the Alleghany orogeny, rock thrust northward over the Carboniferous rocks in the Anthracite region of northeastern Pennsylvania caused anthracitization of the underlying coals. The internal Alleghanides are not presently exposed. 7. Crustal extension in the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic produced numerous local, closed basins along eastern North America. Igneous intrusions and effusions marked the beginning of the Jurassic. By the end of the Early Jurassic, horizontal crustal rebound in response to opening of the Atlantic Ocean rotated the basins by crustal inversion, which folded some within-basin rocks and produced a prominent topographic ridge along the Piedmont, up-dip of the basins. Subsequent erosion of this Piedmont ridge and other parts of the Appalachian orogen fed large volumes of sediment to offshore basins during the remainder of the Mesozoic and throughout the Cenozoic. Each of these orogenies affected most of the Appalachian orogen. The tectonic expression of each orogeny varied along and across the orogen. The elements and structural bodies involved in each also varied along strike. However, many common elements persist from one part of the orogen to another; only a few features are singular in time and space. The tectonic boundary between the central and northern Appalachians is one of these singular features-it is solely an Alleghanian artifact.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Science","doi":"10.2475/ajs.297.6.551","usgsCitation":"Faill, R.T., 1997, A geologic history of the north-central Appalachians. Part 1. Orogenesis from the Mesoproterozoic through the Taconic orogeny: American Journal of Science, v. 297, no. 6, p. 551-619, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.297.6.551.","productDescription":"69 p.","startPage":"551","endPage":"619","numberOfPages":"69","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479952,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.297.6.551","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":227892,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"297","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e3fee4b0c8380cd4633c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faill, R. T.","contributorId":79639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faill","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70187769,"text":"70187769 - 1997 - Seismic sources in southcentral Alaska: A review, results of recent research, and a reappraisal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-17T12:05:56","indexId":"70187769","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5392,"text":"Newsletter of the Alaska Geological Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic sources in southcentral Alaska: A review, results of recent research, and a reappraisal","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Geological Society","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., 1997, Seismic sources in southcentral Alaska: A review, results of recent research, and a reappraisal: Newsletter of the Alaska Geological Society, v. 27, p. 1-4.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341443,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593e4645e4b0764e6c61b894","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70019101,"text":"70019101 - 1997 - Thermal regime of the San Andreas fault near Parkfield, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-06T17:07:59.490964","indexId":"70019101","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal regime of the San Andreas fault near Parkfield, California","docAbstract":"Knowledge of the temperature variation with depth near the San Andreas fault is vital to understanding the physical processes that occur within the fault zone during earthquakes and creep events. Parkfield is near the southern end of the Coast Ranges segment of the San Andreas fault. This segment has higher mean heat flow than the Cape Mendocino segment to the northwest or the Mojave segment to the southeast. Boreholes were drilled specifically for the U.S. Geological Survey's Parkfield earthquake prediction experiment or converted from other uses at 25 sites within a few kilometers of the fault near Parkfield. These holes, which range in depth from 150 to over 1500m, were intended mainly for the deployment of volumetric strain meters, water-level recorders, and other downhole instruments. Temperature profiles were obtained from all the holes, and heat flow values were estimated from 17 of them. For a number of reasons, including a paucity of thermal conductivity data and rugged local topography, the accuracy of individual determinations was not sufficiently high to document local variations in heat flow. Values range from 54 to 92 mW m−2, with mean and 95% confidence limits of 74±4 mW m−2. This mean is slightly lower than the mean (83±3) of 39 previously published values from the central Coast Ranges, but it is consistent with the overall pattern of elevated heat flow in the Coast Ranges, and it is transitional to the mean of 68±2 mW m−2 that characterizes the Mojave segment of the San Andreas fault immediately to the south. The lack of a heat flow peak near the fault underscores the absence of a frictional thermal anomaly and provides additional support for a very small resolved shear stress parallel to the San Andreas fault and the nearly fault-normal maximum compressive stress observed in this region. Estimates of subsurface thermal conditions indicate that the seismicaseismic transition for the Parkfield segment corresponds to temperatures in the range of 350°–400°C. Increasing heat flow to the northwest of Parkfield corresponds to a transition from locked to creeping sections and to a shallowing of the base of seismicity and confirms the importance of temperature in controlling the thickness of the seismogenic crust. Lateral variations in heat flow do not appear to have any major role in determining the regularity of M5.5–6 earthquakes at Parkfield.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB102iB12p27575","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Sass, J., Williams, C., Lachenbruch, A., Galanis, S., and Grubb, F., 1997, Thermal regime of the San Andreas fault near Parkfield, California: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 102, no. 12, p. 27575-27585, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB102iB12p27575.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"27575","endPage":"27585","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226496,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"102","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb253e4b08c986b32571d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sass, J.H.","contributorId":70749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":381677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, C.F. 0000-0003-2196-5496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-5496","contributorId":20401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"C.F.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":381675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lachenbruch, A.H.","contributorId":76737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lachenbruch","given":"A.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Galanis, S.P. Jr.","contributorId":55005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galanis","given":"S.P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grubb, F.V.","contributorId":76750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grubb","given":"F.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70019103,"text":"70019103 - 1997 - Nowcast model for hazardous material spill prevention and response, San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:15","indexId":"70019103","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Nowcast model for hazardous material spill prevention and response, San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) installed the Physical Oceanographic Real-time System (PORTS) in San Francisco Bay, California, to provide real-time observations of tides, tidal currents, and meteorological conditions to, among other purposes, guide hazardous material spill prevention and response. Integrated with nowcast modeling techniques and dissemination of real-time data and the nowcasting results through the Internet on the World Wide Web, emerging technologies used in PORTS for real-time data collection forms a nowcast modeling system. Users can download tides and tidal current distribution in San Francisco Bay for their specific applications and/or for further analysis.","largerWorkTitle":"Oceans Conference Record (IEEE)","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 Oceans Conference. Part 1 (of 2)","conferenceDate":"6 October 1997 through 9 October 1997","conferenceLocation":"Halifax, NS, Can","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","publisherLocation":"Piscataway, NJ, United States","issn":"01977385","usgsCitation":"Cheng, R.T., Wilmot, W.L., and Galt, J.A., 1997, Nowcast model for hazardous material spill prevention and response, San Francisco Bay, California, in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE), v. 2, Halifax, NS, Can, 6 October 1997 through 9 October 1997, p. 1442-1447.","startPage":"1442","endPage":"1447","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226538,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a68bbe4b0c8380cd73983","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheng, Ralph T.","contributorId":69134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilmot, Wayne L.","contributorId":93210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilmot","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galt, Jerry A.","contributorId":98051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galt","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70171418,"text":"70171418 - 1997 - Natural chemical attenuation of halogenated hydrocarbon compounds via dehalogenation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-31T11:21:18","indexId":"70171418","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Natural chemical attenuation of halogenated hydrocarbon compounds via dehalogenation","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Subsurface restoration","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","usgsCitation":"Reinhard, M., Curtis, G., and Barbash, J.E., 1997, Natural chemical attenuation of halogenated hydrocarbon compounds via dehalogenation, chap. of Subsurface restoration, p. 397-409.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"397","endPage":"409","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321906,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":321905,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.crcpress.com/Subsurface-Restoration/Ward/p/book/9781575040608"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5d8e4b0ee97d51a83da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reinhard, M.","contributorId":100558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinhard","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Curtis, G.P.","contributorId":65619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barbash, Jack E. 0000-0001-9854-8880 jbarbash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9854-8880","contributorId":1003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbash","given":"Jack","email":"jbarbash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70019117,"text":"70019117 - 1997 - Sedimentary history and mass flow structures of Chryse and Acidalia Planitiae, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-31T15:48:21.66753","indexId":"70019117","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentary history and mass flow structures of Chryse and Acidalia Planitiae, Mars","docAbstract":"Geologic mapping and crater counting in Chryse and Acidalia Planitiae (GAP) reveal five major sedimentary deposits of Hesperian to Early Amazonian age, including (1) a mass flow deposited during the Early Hesperian near Deuteronilus Mensae (northeast of the map region) that may have resulted from the carving of Kasei Valles, >3000 km southwest of the exposed part of the deposit; (2) knobby plains material consisting of channel (likely; from Simud and Tiu Valles and possibly Ares and Shalbatana Valles) and mass-wasting deposits in central and eastern CAP; (3) material largely from Maja and Ares Valles emplaced in at least western and southern CAP (outcrops in southern Chryse Planitia developed thermokarst); (4) a thin mass flow covering much of southern Chryse Planitia that emanated from Simud and Tiu Valles; and (5) a thick, extensive (perhaps >3500 km across) mass flow deposit in central and northern CAP derived from accumulation and backflow of the preceding thin mass flow or perhaps melting of polar deposits. Other possible deposits may not be recognizable owing to burial by younger materials or a lack of morphologic signature. Various associated landforms appear to be consistent with the mass flow interpretations, including lobate and linear scarps along deposit edges, fractures related to desiccation of thick sediments, troughs, and ridges near the edges of the deposit indicative of secondary mass movement and deformation, pitted domes and fissure-fed flows possibly formed by sedimentary (mud) eruptions, and longitudinal channel grooves perhaps formed by roller vortices. No convincing evidence for paleoshorelines or stagnant ice sheets is found in CAP. These findings suggest that mass flow and hyperconcentrated flooding may have been the predominant processes of outflow-channel dissection in CAP. Elsewhere in the northern plains, similar landforms are prevalent. The mass flow interpretation does not require either multiple episodes of extraordinarily high water-discharge rates achieved by freeing huge volumes of water from the crust, repetitive recycling of immense volumes of water into highland aquifers at the heads of Chryse channels, or profound climate change. Mars Pathfinder will most likely land on and inspect the surface of the thin mass flow that originated from the canyons of Simud and Tiu Valles.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/96JE02862","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, K.L., 1997, Sedimentary history and mass flow structures of Chryse and Acidalia Planitiae, Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 102, no. E2, p. 4131-4149, https://doi.org/10.1029/96JE02862.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"4131","endPage":"4149","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480028,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/96je02862","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":226771,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"102","issue":"E2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8a27e4b08c986b317072","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, K. L.","contributorId":31394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanaka","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70019167,"text":"70019167 - 1997 - Measuring flood discharge in unstable stream channels using ground-penetrating radar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-20T00:55:45.163639","indexId":"70019167","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measuring flood discharge in unstable stream channels using ground-penetrating radar","docAbstract":"Field experiments were conducted to test the ability of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to measure stream-channel cross sections at high flows without the necessity of placing instruments in the water. Experiments were conducted at four U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations in southwest Washington State. With the GPR antenna suspended above the water surface from a bridge or cableway, traverses were made across stream channels to collect radar profile plots of the streambed. Subsequent measurements of water depth were made using conventional depth-measuring equipment (weight and tape) and were used to calculate radar signal velocities. Other streamflow-parameter data were collected to examine their relation to radar signal velocity and to clarity of streambed definition. These initial tests indicate that GPR is capable of producing a reasonably accurate (±20%) stream-channel profile and discharge far more quickly than conventional stream-gaging procedures, while avoiding the problems and hazards associated with placing instruments in the water.
An40Ar/39Ar age of 85.81 Ma±0.22 my was obtained on sanidine from a volcanic procellanite bed near the top of the 2135+m-thick Upper Cretaceous Frontier Formation in the Lima Peaks area of southwestern Montana. This early Santonian age, combined with previously determined age data including a palynological age of Cenomanian for the lower Frontier at Lima Peaks, and a U-Pb isotopic date of about 95 Ma for the base of the Frontier Formation in the eastern Pioneer Mountains north of the Lima Peaks area, provides an age range for the nonmarine formation. In the Madison Range, farther east in southweastern Montana, this age range corresponds to marine strata of not only the Frontier Formation, but also the overlying Cody Shale and Telegraph Creek Formation, a sequence that totals less than 760 m thick.
The Upper Cretaceous marine formations of the Madison Range are closely zoned by molluscan faunas that are well constrained with radiometric dates. The40Ar/39Ar age of 85.81 Ma±0.22 my at Lima Peaks is bracketed by radiometric dates for the Scaphites depressus—Protexanites bourgeoisianus biozone and the overlying Clioscaphites saxitonianus—Inoceramus undulatopilcatus biozone of the Western Interior. Fossils of both of these biozones are present in the Cody Shale and the Telegraph Creek Formation in the Madison Range. The Telegraph Creek contains two units of volcanic ash that are approximate time equivalents of the volcanic procellanite of the Lima Peaks area. Clasts in the conglomerate of the upper part of the Frontier in the Lima Peaks area were shed during the initial stages of uplift of the Blacktail-Snowcrest Highlands which rose to the north. The dated porcellanite lies above the conglomerates and indicates that the uplift was initiated by middle or late Coniacian, 87–88 Ma.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/cres.1997.0079","usgsCitation":"Dyman, T.S., Tysdal, R.G., Perry, W.J., Obradovich, J.D., Haley, J.C., and Nichols, D.J., 1997, Correlation of Upper Cretaceous strata from Lima Peaks area to Madison Range, southwestern Montana and southeastern Idaho, USA: Cretaceous Research, v. 18, no. 6, p. 751-766, https://doi.org/10.1006/cres.1997.0079.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"751","endPage":"766","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226415,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -110.5,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -110.5,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 46\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc34e4b0c8380cd4e18f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dyman, T. S.","contributorId":21161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyman","given":"T.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tysdal, R. G.","contributorId":8823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tysdal","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perry, W. J. Jr.","contributorId":64266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Obradovich, J. D.","contributorId":48966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obradovich","given":"J.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haley, J. C.","contributorId":14873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haley","given":"J.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nichols, D. J.","contributorId":55466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70019192,"text":"70019192 - 1997 - Shifting sources and transport paths for the late Quaternary Escanaba Trough sediment fill (northeast Pacific)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:16","indexId":"70019192","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1832,"text":"Giornale di Geologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifting sources and transport paths for the late Quaternary Escanaba Trough sediment fill (northeast Pacific)","docAbstract":"Escanaba Trough, which forms the southernmost part of the axial valley of the actively spreading Gorda Ridge, is filled with several hundred meters of sediment of presumed late Quaternary age. Surficial sediment samples from gravity cores, deeper samples (as much as 390 m) from Site 35 of the Deep Sea Drilling Program (Leg 5), and the acoustic character of the sediment fill observed on seismic-reflection profiles indicate that much of the sediment fill is of turbidite origin. Gross composition and heavy- mineral analyses of sand samples show that two distinct petrofacies comprise the sediment fill. The lower part of the fill was derived primarily from the Klamath River source of northern California while the younger fill, including the surficial sand beds, are from the Columbia River drainage much farther north. The Escanaba Trough sediment provides an opportunity to evaluate concepts for paleogeographic and paleotectonic reconstructions that are based on facies analysis and compositional and textural data for the volcanic components because both intrabasinal and extrabasinal sources are present as well as coeval (neovolcanic) and non coeval (paleovolcanic) sourcre This study of a modern basin shows, that although the sediment sources could be identified, it was useful to have some knowledge of the sediment pathway(s), the effects of diagenesis, and the possible effects of sediment sorting as a result of long transport distances from the source area for some components. Application of these same techniques to ancient deposits without benefit of the additional parameters will face limitations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Giornale di Geologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00170291","usgsCitation":"Zuffa, G., De Rosa, R., and Normark, W.R., 1997, Shifting sources and transport paths for the late Quaternary Escanaba Trough sediment fill (northeast Pacific): Giornale di Geologia, v. 59, no. 1-2, p. 35-53.","startPage":"35","endPage":"53","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e70e4b08c986b318936","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zuffa, G.G.","contributorId":40353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuffa","given":"G.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De Rosa, R.","contributorId":12987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Rosa","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Normark, W. R.","contributorId":87137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normark","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020271,"text":"70020271 - 1997 - Unusual carbon and oxygen isotropic ratios of ostracodal calcite from last interglacial (Sangamon episode) lacustrine sediment in Raymond Basin, Illinois, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:15","indexId":"70020271","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2411,"text":"Journal of Paleolimnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unusual carbon and oxygen isotropic ratios of ostracodal calcite from last interglacial (Sangamon episode) lacustrine sediment in Raymond Basin, Illinois, USA","docAbstract":"The stable isotopic records of ostracode valves deposited during the last interglaciation in Raymond Basin, Illinois, have ??13C and ??18O values as high as +16.5??? and +9.2??? respectively, the highest values yet reported from continental ostracodal calcite. Located in south-central Illinois, Raymond, Pittsburgh, Bald Knob, and Hopwood Farm basins collectively have yielded important long pollen and ostracode records that date from about 130 000 years ago to the present. Although fossils from the present-day interglaciation are not well preserved, these records constitute the only described, conformable, fossiliferous successions of this age from the interior of glaciated North America. The high ??13C values from Raymond Basin are attributed to the residual effects of methane loss either by ebullition or by emission through the stems of senescent emergent aquatic vegetation. A mass balance model suggests that an increase in ??13C of dissolved inorganic carbon on the order of +15??? is possible within a few hours given modest rates of methanogenesis of about 0.02 mol m-2 d-1. The ??13C records from other studies of ostracode valves have values approaching, but not exceeding about +14??? suggesting a limiting value to ???13C enrichment due to simultaneous inputs and outputs of dissolved inorganic carbon. Values of ??18O in ostracodal calcite are quite variable (-4 to +9???) in sediment from the late Sangamon subepisode. A model of isotopic enrichment in a desiccating water body implies that a reduction in reservoir volume of 20% could produce this range of isotopic values. High humidity and evaporation probably account for most of the ??18O variability.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Paleolimnology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1007964917875","issn":"09212728","usgsCitation":"Curry, B.B., Anderson, T., and Lohmann, K., 1997, Unusual carbon and oxygen isotropic ratios of ostracodal calcite from last interglacial (Sangamon episode) lacustrine sediment in Raymond Basin, Illinois, USA: Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 17, no. 4, p. 421-435, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007964917875.","startPage":"421","endPage":"435","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206922,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007964917875"},{"id":231247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbcfae4b08c986b328e84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curry, B. Brandon","contributorId":104224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curry","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brandon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, T.F.","contributorId":71345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lohmann, K.C.","contributorId":20472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohmann","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70019105,"text":"70019105 - 1997 - Creep of water ices at planetary conditions: A compilation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-31T15:39:10.688689","indexId":"70019105","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Creep of water ices at planetary conditions: A compilation","docAbstract":"Many constitutive laws for the flow of ice have been published since the advent of the Voyager explorations of the outer solar system. Conflicting data have occasionally come from different laboratories, and refinement of experimental techniques has led to the publication of laws that supersede earlier ones. In addition, there are unpublished data from ongoing research that also amend the constitutive laws. Here we compile the most current laboratory-derived flow laws for water ice phases I, II, III, V, and VI, and ice I mixtures with hard particulates. The rheology of interest is mainly that of steady state, and the conditions reviewed are the pressures and temperatures applicable to the surfaces and interiors of icy moons of the outer solar system. Advances in grain-size-dependent creep in ices I and II as well as in phase transformations and metastability under differential stress are also included in this compilation. At laboratory strain rates the several ice polymorphs are rheologically distinct in terms of their stress, temperature, and pressure dependencies but, with the exception of ice III, have fairly similar strengths. Hard particulates strengthen ice I significantly only at high particulate volume fractions. Ice III has the potential for significantly affecting mantle dynamics because it is much weaker than the other polymorphs and its region of stability, which may extend metastably well into what is nominally the ice II field, is located near likely geotherms of large icy moons.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/97JE00916","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Durham, W., Kirby, S.H., and Stern, L., 1997, Creep of water ices at planetary conditions: A compilation: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 102, no. E7, p. 16293-16302, https://doi.org/10.1029/97JE00916.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"16293","endPage":"16302","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479974,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/97je00916","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":226580,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"102","issue":"E7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fca1e4b0c8380cd4e35d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Durham, W.B.","contributorId":72135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durham","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirby, S. H.","contributorId":51721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"S.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stern, L.A.","contributorId":38293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70019166,"text":"70019166 - 1997 - Translocation of the Palila, an endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-04T18:52:24.814574","indexId":"70019166","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2984,"text":"Pacific Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Translocation of the Palila, an endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper","docAbstract":"The Palila Loxioides bailleui is an endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper that is restricted to high-elevation dry woodlands on Mauna Kea volcano, Hawaii. Palila are absent or occur in small numbers throughout most of their historic range because of habitat loss, predation and avian disease. The Palila's habitat is regenerating as a result of feral ungulate control, but the species is likely to be slow in recolonizing former ranges because of strong site tenacity. In March 1993, we translocated 35 Palila to Kanakaleonui on the eastern slope of Mauna Kea to determine whether we could speed recovery by releasing adult birds in new areas where predators were controlled. At least two pairs of translocated Palila successfully nested at the release site during their first breeding season, and two other pairs constructed nests. The density of Palila at Kanakaleonui in the three years following the translocation was higher than that before translocation. Approximately half of the translocated birds remained at the release site for 2?6 weeks and then homed back to their capture site, >20 km away. Translocations of adult birds and release of captive-reared juvenile Palila, in combination with additional habitat restoration, may be an effective management tool for speeding the recovery of this species.
","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","doi":"10.1071/PC970039","issn":"10382097","usgsCitation":"Fancy, S.G., Snetsinger, T.J., and Jacob, J., 1997, Translocation of the Palila, an endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper: Pacific Conservation Biology, v. 3, no. 1, p. 39-46, https://doi.org/10.1071/PC970039.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226819,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb720e4b08c986b327090","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fancy, Steven G.","contributorId":176135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fancy","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snetsinger, Thomas J.","contributorId":176132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snetsinger","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":939147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jacob, James D.","contributorId":356352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacob","given":"James D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":939148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70196025,"text":"70196025 - 1997 - A history of lake-level fluctuations for Devils Lake, North Dakota, since the early 1800's","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T16:31:58","indexId":"70196025","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3168,"text":"Proceedings of the North Dakota Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A history of lake-level fluctuations for Devils Lake, North Dakota, since the early 1800's","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","conferenceTitle":"North Dakota Academy of Science 89th Annual Meeting","conferenceDate":"April 24-25, 1997","conferenceLocation":"Grand Forks, ND","language":"English","publisher":"North Dakota Academy of Science","usgsCitation":"Wiche, G.J., Lent, R.M., Rannie, W.F., and Vecchia, A.V., 1997, A history of lake-level fluctuations for Devils Lake, North Dakota, since the early 1800's: Proceedings of the North Dakota Academy of Science, v. 51, p. 34-39.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"34","endPage":"39","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff1a76e4b0da30c1bfd4ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiche, Gregg J. gjwiche@usgs.gov","contributorId":1675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiche","given":"Gregg","email":"gjwiche@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lent, Robert M. rmlent@usgs.gov","contributorId":284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lent","given":"Robert","email":"rmlent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rannie, W. F.","contributorId":203306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rannie","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vecchia, A. V.","contributorId":23533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70019141,"text":"70019141 - 1997 - Evaporite karst in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:16","indexId":"70019141","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1184,"text":"Carbonates and Evaporites","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaporite karst in the United States","docAbstract":"Evaporites, including gypsum (or anhydrite) and salt, are the most soluble of common rocks; they are dissolved readily to form caves, sinkholes, disappearing streams, and other karst features that typically are found in limestones and dolomites. The four basic requirements for evaporite karst to develop are: (1) a deposit of gypsum or salt; (2) water, unsaturated with CaSO4 or NaCl; (3) an outlet for escape of dissolving water; and (4) energy to cause water to flow through the system. Evaporites are present in 32 of the 48 contiguous states, and they underlie about 35-40% of the land area; they are reported in rocks of every geologic system from the Precambrian through the Quaternary. Evaporite karst is known at least locally (and sometimes quite extensively) in almost all areas underlain by evaporites. The most widespread and pronounced examples of both gypsum and salt karst are in the Permian basin of the southwestern United States, but many other areas are also significant. Human activities have caused some evaporite-karst development, primarily in salt deposits. Boreholes may enable (either intentionally or inadvertently) unsaturated water to flow through or against salt deposits, thus allowing development of small to large dissolution cavities. If the dissolution cavity is large enough and shallow enough, successive roof failures above the cavity can cause land subsidence or catastrophic collapse.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Carbonates and Evaporites","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08912556","usgsCitation":"Johnson, K., 1997, Evaporite karst in the United States: Carbonates and Evaporites, v. 12, no. 1, p. 2-14.","startPage":"2","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226366,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d15e4b0c8380cd52df2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, K.S.","contributorId":24385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70019143,"text":"70019143 - 1997 - Gas hydrate resources of northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-30T15:47:23.744764","indexId":"70019143","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1100,"text":"Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas hydrate resources of northern Alaska","docAbstract":"Large amounts of natural gas, composed mainly of methane, can occur in arctic sedimentary basins in the form of gas hydrates under appropriate temperature and pressure conditions. Gas hydrates are solids, composed of rigid cages of water molecules that trap molecules of gas. These substances are regarded as a potential unconventional source of natural gas because of their enormous gas-storage capacity. Most published gas hydrate resource estimates are highly simplified and based on limited geological data. The gas hydrate resource assessment for northern Alaska presented in this paper is based on a \"play analysis\" scheme, in which geological factors controlling the accumulation and preservation of gas hydrates are individually evaluated and risked for each hydrate play. This resource assessment identified two gas hydrate plays; the in-place gas resources within the gas hydrates of northern Alaska are estimated to range from 6.7 to 66.8 trillion cubic metres of gas (236 to 2,357 trillion cubic feet of gas), at the 0.50 and 0.05 probability levels respectively. The mean in-place hydrate resource estimate for northern Alaska is calculated to be 16.7 trillion cubic metres of gas (590 trillion cubic feet of gas). If this assessment is valid, the amount of natural gas stored as gas hydrates in northern Alaska could be almost seven times larger then the estimated total remaining recoverable conventional natural gas resources in the entire United States.","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.35767/gscpgbull.45.3.317","usgsCitation":"Collett, T.S., 1997, Gas hydrate resources of northern Alaska: Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, v. 45, no. 3, p. 317-338, https://doi.org/10.35767/gscpgbull.45.3.317.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"338","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226409,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":420305,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/cspg/bcpg/article/45/3/317/57715/Gas-hydrate-resources-of-northern-Alaska","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.409018036423,\n 73.1870760510121\n ],\n [\n -167.06011011004796,\n 73.1870760510121\n ],\n [\n -167.06011011004796,\n 66.13644459645784\n ],\n [\n -141.409018036423,\n 66.13644459645784\n ],\n [\n -141.409018036423,\n 73.1870760510121\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14cfe4b0c8380cd54b98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":381794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}