{"pageNumber":"3682","pageRowStart":"92025","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185278,"records":[{"id":70019196,"text":"70019196 - 1997 - Modelling heterogeneity in the recoveries of marked animal populations with covariates of individual animals, groups of animals or recovery time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-06T11:10:21","indexId":"70019196","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1573,"text":"Environmental and Ecological Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling heterogeneity in the recoveries of marked animal populations with covariates of individual animals, groups of animals or recovery time","docAbstract":"<p>A general framework is developed for modelling rates of survival and recovery of marked animal populations in terms of auxiliary information collected at the time of marking. The framework may be used to estimate differences in survival or recovery among individual animals, groups of animals, and recovery times. Analyses of the recoveries of tagged fish and banded bird populations are used to illustrate the specification and selection of various models.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1018530630055","issn":"13528505","usgsCitation":"Dorazio, R., 1997, Modelling heterogeneity in the recoveries of marked animal populations with covariates of individual animals, groups of animals or recovery time: Environmental and Ecological Statistics, v. 4, no. 3, p. 235-246, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018530630055.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"246","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226501,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c6ae4b0c8380cd6fc98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorazio, R.M. 0000-0003-2663-0468","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-0468","contributorId":23475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020139,"text":"70020139 - 1997 - Occurrence and concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in semipermeable membrane devices and clams in three urban streams of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metropolitan Area, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:20","indexId":"70020139","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence and concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in semipermeable membrane devices and clams in three urban streams of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metropolitan Area, Texas","docAbstract":"Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) and Asiatic clams, Corbicula fluminea (MuLLER), were deployed at stream sites in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metropolitan Area to assess the presence of bioavailable, dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Twenty-four PAHs were detected in SPMDs, 20 of which occurred at all sites. Only three PAHs were detected in the co-deployed clams. Throughout all sites, non-alkylated PAHs were found at greater levels in SPMDs than alkylated forms. Nine of 16 Priority Pollutant PAHs were detected in SPMDs. Estimated concentrations of PAHs in water were generally two to three orders of magnitude less than standard minimum analytical reporting levels; however, for bent (a) anthracene, benzo (a) pyrene, and chrysene, estimated concentrations in water exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's human health criteria for these carcinogens in water and aquatic organisms.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0045-6535(96)00391-8","issn":"00456535","usgsCitation":"Moring, J., and Rose, D., 1997, Occurrence and concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in semipermeable membrane devices and clams in three urban streams of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metropolitan Area, Texas: Chemosphere, v. 34, no. 3, p. 551-566, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(96)00391-8.","startPage":"551","endPage":"566","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206037,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(96)00391-8"},{"id":228003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6b2de4b0c8380cd74567","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moring, J.B.","contributorId":89165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moring","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, D.R.","contributorId":62771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020299,"text":"70020299 - 1997 - Effect of day length on germination of seeds collected in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-05T14:55:55.090212","indexId":"70020299","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":724,"text":"American Journal of Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of day length on germination of seeds collected in Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Day length control can effectively limit seed germination to favorable seasons, but this phenomenon has been studied in relatively few wild plants. I tested species from interior Alaska for day length control of germination under controlled conditions, and I also monitored germination phenology in natural habitats. Unstratified and cold-stratified seeds were germinated on short (13 h) and long (22 h) day length and in the dark at constant and alternating temperatures. On long day length, unstratified&nbsp;</span><i>Ledum decumbens</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>Saxifraga tricuspidata</i><span>&nbsp;seeds germinated from 5°C to 20°C, but on short day length few or no seeds germinated at 5°C and 10°C and germination was reduced at higher temperatures. Unstratified seeds of&nbsp;</span><i>Diapensia lapponica</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>Chamaedaphne calyculata</i><span>&nbsp;germinated only at 15°C and 20°C on long day length, and short day length completely inhibited germination. Cold stratification widened the temperature range for germination on both long and short day lengths, but germination was still lower on short than long day length. Germination phenology in natural habitats was consistent with germination in controlled conditions. In these species, short day length and low temperatures interact to inhibit germination in the fall. After overwintering, seeds germinate in the spring at low temperatures and on long day lengths. The inhibitory effect of short day length is not important in the spring because day length is already long at snowmelt.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Botanical Society of america","doi":"10.2307/2446088","issn":"00029122","usgsCitation":"Densmore, R., 1997, Effect of day length on germination of seeds collected in Alaska: American Journal of Botany, v. 84, no. 2, p. 274-278, https://doi.org/10.2307/2446088.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"274","endPage":"278","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231051,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Fairbanks","otherGeospatial":"Brooks Range, Denali National Park, Dietrich River Valley, Eagle Summit, White Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -148.28305372426826,\n              64.93848840504893\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.28305372426826,\n              64.70479021882716\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.29977735708087,\n              64.70479021882716\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.29977735708087,\n              64.93848840504893\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.28305372426826,\n              64.93848840504893\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.55360340375898,\n              68.4550376318235\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.42124575059574,\n              68.39612237488353\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.4351781351392,\n              68.3280515689024\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.44562742354674,\n              68.29329553994637\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.6162991342049,\n              68.26235676445629\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.7347244028247,\n              68.2119917443342\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.7486567873684,\n              68.14077545384367\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.70685963373776,\n              68.0680369079929\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.82528503483593,\n              67.96895223927837\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.71034286235187,\n              67.94673040732081\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.37944872944328,\n              67.99376322480265\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.47349232511206,\n              68.0628325366651\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.3968642101227,\n              68.09404137470054\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.47349232511206,\n              68.13429031425423\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.34810086422044,\n              68.16410697608677\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.34810086422044,\n              68.25074394409117\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.26648507824703,\n              68.36327802141153\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.2978329434699,\n              68.44532401127194\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.40232582754624,\n              68.49900558082891\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.55360340375898,\n              68.4550376318235\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -145.29195294246986,\n              65.54535833990516\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.29195294246986,\n              65.51241166624851\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.17155894124767,\n              65.51241166624851\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.17155894124767,\n              65.54535833990516\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.29195294246986,\n              65.54535833990516\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.16428563163504,\n              64.08371762955241\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.26585366627998,\n              64.08371762955241\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2489256605059,\n              63.66255173449474\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.90911788569795,\n              63.658796371485096\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.89218987992385,\n              62.571962874117844\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.90911788569795,\n              62.28992053388927\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.31663768360252,\n              62.19531435584207\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.87650953347438,\n              62.03697671509164\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.74108548728123,\n              62.285984533822926\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.80879751037787,\n              62.364606792789544\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.76647749594235,\n              62.45868225197037\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.60690910041268,\n              62.48215495395536\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.25142097915537,\n              62.715869298017424\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.92978886944638,\n              62.85907836232505\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.2949886529156,\n              63.299762603520605\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.93950053165833,\n              63.36054749202086\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.80407648546503,\n              63.43634822702947\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.76175647102966,\n              63.621215387698896\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.87178850856168,\n              63.76375877923945\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.11724459228697,\n              64.01334300602812\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.36020535736264,\n              64.00592481514519\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.3686693602497,\n              64.08371762955241\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.16428563163504,\n              64.08371762955241\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05cde4b0c8380cd50f88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Densmore, R.V.","contributorId":72953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70019203,"text":"70019203 - 1997 - The 1995 revision of the joint US/UK geomagnetic field models. II: Main field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:16","indexId":"70019203","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1430,"text":"Earth, Planets and Space","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 1995 revision of the joint US/UK geomagnetic field models. II: Main field","docAbstract":"This paper presents the 1995 main-field revision of the World Magnetic Model (WMM-95). It is based on Project MAGNET high-level (??? 15,000 ft.) vector aeromagnetic survey data collected between 1988 and 1994 and on scalar total intensity data collected by the Polar Orbiting Geomagnetic Survey (POGS) satellite during the period 1991 through 1993. The spherical harmonic model produced from these data describes that portion of the Earth's magnetic field generated internal to the Earth's surface at the 1995.0 Epoch. When combined with the spherical harmonic model of the Earth's secular variation described in paper I, the Earth's main magnetic field is fully characterized between the years 1995 and 2000. Regional magnetic field models for the conterminous United States, Alaska and, Hawaii were generated as by-products of the global modeling process.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth, Planets and Space","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"13438832","usgsCitation":"Quinn, J., Coleman, R., Macmillan, S., and Barraclough, D., 1997, The 1995 revision of the joint US/UK geomagnetic field models. II: Main field: Earth, Planets and Space, v. 49, no. 2-3, p. 245-261.","startPage":"245","endPage":"261","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba638e4b08c986b320f8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quinn, J.M.","contributorId":48591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinn","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coleman, R.J.","contributorId":59966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Macmillan, S.","contributorId":18522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macmillan","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barraclough, D.R.","contributorId":20735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barraclough","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020249,"text":"70020249 - 1997 - Effects of the landscape on shorebird movements at spring migration stopovers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-22T21:43:20.22052","indexId":"70020249","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of the landscape on shorebird movements at spring migration stopovers","docAbstract":"We monitored the inter-wetland movements of 115 radio-tagged Pectoral Sandpipers (Calidris melanotos) at three migration stopovers in the Great Plains of North America during April and May from 1992 to 1995. While resident at a stopover, individuals were very localized in their movements. Over 40% of the birds made no inter, wetland movements, and over 90% of individuals moved less than 10 km from their original release site. Characteristics of wetlands where birds were released did not affect bird movements. However, the structure of the surrounding landscape explained up to 46% of variation in individual bird movements. As the distance between wetlands decreased, and the proportion of the landscape composed of wetlands increased, individual birds moved between wetlands more frequently and moved longer distances from their release site. These movement patterns indicate that a more connected landscape allows shorebirds to exploit more feeding sites with reduced searching costs; a result consistent with foraging theory. We estimate a degree of landscape connectivity at which a wetland complex functions as a single large wetland as measured by sandpiper feeding patterns. Our data provide support for the idea that complexes of small, closely spaced wetlands can be important migration stopovers and may have significant conservation value.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1370481","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Farmer, A., and Parent, A., 1997, Effects of the landscape on shorebird movements at spring migration stopovers: Condor, v. 99, no. 3, p. 698-707, https://doi.org/10.2307/1370481.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"698","endPage":"707","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489815,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1370481","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230929,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0807e4b0c8380cd5193b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farmer, A.H.","contributorId":79063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parent, A.H.","contributorId":71725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parent","given":"A.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020242,"text":"70020242 - 1997 - Hydraulic modeling of unsteady debris-flow surges with solid-fluid interactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:18","indexId":"70020242","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hydraulic modeling of unsteady debris-flow surges with solid-fluid interactions","docAbstract":"Interactions of solid and fluid constituents produce the unique style of motion that typifies debris flows. To simulate this motion, a new hydraulic model represents debris flows as deforming masses of granular solids variably liquefied by viscous pore fluid. The momentum equation of the model describes how internal and boundary forces change as coarse-grained surge heads dominated by grain-contact friction grade into muddy debris-flow bodies more strongly influenced by fluid viscosity and pressure. Scaling analysis reveals that pore-pressure variations can cause flow resistance in surge heads to surpass that in debris-flow bodies by orders of magnitude. Numerical solutions of the coupled momentum and continuity equations provide good predictions of unsteady, nonuniform motion of experimental debris flows from initiation through deposition.","largerWorkTitle":"International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 1st International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment","conferenceDate":"7 August 1997 through 9 August 1997","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","usgsCitation":"Iverson, R.M., 1997, Hydraulic modeling of unsteady debris-flow surges with solid-fluid interactions, <i>in</i> International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, Proceedings, San Francisco, CA, USA, 7 August 1997 through 9 August 1997, p. 550-561.","startPage":"550","endPage":"561","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a32f8e4b0c8380cd5ec02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 riverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Richard","email":"riverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020243,"text":"70020243 - 1997 - Littoral hydrovolcanic explosions: A case study of lava-seawater interaction at Kilauea Volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:18","indexId":"70020243","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Littoral hydrovolcanic explosions: A case study of lava-seawater interaction at Kilauea Volcano","docAbstract":"A variety of hydrovolcanic explosions may occur as basaltic lava flows into the ocean. Observations and measurements were made during a two-year span of unusually explosive littoral activity as tube-fed pahoehoe from Kilauea Volcano inundated the southeast coastline of the island of Hawai'i. Our observations suggest that explosive interactions require high entrance fluxes (??? 4 m3/s) and are most often initiated by collapse of a developing lava delta. Two types of interactions were observed. \"Open mixing\" of lava and seawater occurred when delta collapse exposed the mouth of a severed lava tube or incandescent fault scarp to wave action. The ensuing explosions produced unconsolidated deposits of glassy lava fragments or lithic debris. Interactions under \"confined mixing\" conditions occurred when a lava tube situated at or below sea level fractured. Explosions ruptured the roof of the tube and produced circular mounds of welded spatter. We estimate a water/rock mass ratio of 0.15 for the most common type of littoral explosion and a kinetic energy release of 0.07-1.3 kJ/kg for the range of events witnessed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Mattox, T.N., and Mangan, M.T., 1997, Littoral hydrovolcanic explosions: A case study of lava-seawater interaction at Kilauea Volcano: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 75, no. 1-2, p. 1-17.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a48b6e4b0c8380cd68090","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattox, T. N.","contributorId":55450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattox","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mangan, M. T.","contributorId":10438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70171398,"text":"70171398 - 1997 - Pesticides and volatile organic compounds in shallow urban groundwater of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-19T18:21:05","indexId":"70171398","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Pesticides and volatile organic compounds in shallow urban groundwater of the United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>The widespread use of pesticides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) over the past half century has led to their detection in many hydrologic systems in the United States. However, few systematic investigations of occurrences have been carried out over multistate regions using a consistent study design. Nine urban studies of shallow groundwater have been conducted to date as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Pesticide compounds were detected in 48.6% of the 208 urban wells sampled. Sixteen different pesticide compounds were detected in samples from these wells. Prometon was by far the most frequently detected pesticide compound, being found in 8 of the 9 urban studies. VOCs were detected in 53.4% of the 208 urban wells sampled, with 36 different VOC compounds being found.&nbsp;</span><br /><br /><span>Measured VOC concentrations exceeded current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking water regulations in 19 wells. Methyl&nbsp;</span><i>tert</i><span>-butyl ether (MTBE), a common fuel oxygenate, was the most frequently detected VOC for this study.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Groundwater in the urban environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"A. A. Balkema","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D.W., Squillace, P.J., Zogorski, J.S., and Barbash, J.E., 1997, Pesticides and volatile organic compounds in shallow urban groundwater of the United States, chap. <i>of</i> Groundwater in the urban environment, v. 1, p. 469-474.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"469","endPage":"474","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5dbe4b0ee97d51a83eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Squillace, Paul J.","contributorId":59415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squillace","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zogorski, John S. jszogors@usgs.gov","contributorId":189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zogorski","given":"John","email":"jszogors@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":630891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barbash, Jack E. 0000-0001-9854-8880 jbarbash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9854-8880","contributorId":1003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbash","given":"Jack","email":"jbarbash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020248,"text":"70020248 - 1997 - Physiological considerations in applying laboratory-determined buoyant densities to predictions of bacterial and protozoan transport in groundwater: Results of in-situ and laboratory tests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-14T06:17:23","indexId":"70020248","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physiological considerations in applying laboratory-determined buoyant densities to predictions of bacterial and protozoan transport in groundwater: Results of in-situ and laboratory tests","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Buoyant densities were determined for groundwater bacteria and microflagellates (protozoa) from a sandy aquifer (Cape Cod, MA) using two methods:  (1) density-gradient centrifugation (DGC) and (2) Stoke's law approximations using sedimentation rates observed during natural-gradient injection and recovery tests. The dwarf (average cell size, 0.3 μm), unattached bacteria inhabiting a pristine zone just beneath the water table and a majority (∼80%) of the morphologically diverse community of free-living bacteria inhabiting a 5-km-long plume of organically-contaminated groundwater had DGC-determined buoyant densities &lt;1.019 g/cm<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>before culturing. In the aquifer, sinking rates for the uncultured 2-μm size class of contaminant plume bacteria were comparable to that of the bromide tracer (1.9 × 10<sup>-</sup><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>M), also suggesting a low buoyant density. Culturing groundwater bacteria resulted in larger (0.8−1.3 μm), less neutrally-buoyant (1.043−1.081 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) cells with potential sedimentation rates up to 64-fold higher than those predicted for the uncultured populations. Although sedimentation generally could be neglected in predicting subsurface transport for the community of free-living groundwater bacteria, it appeared to be important for the cultured isolates, at least until they readapt to aquifer conditions. Culturing-induced alterations in size of the contaminant-plume microflagellates (2−3 μm) were ameliorated by using a lower nutrient, acidic (pH 5) porous growth medium. Buoyant densities of the cultured microflagellates were low, i.e., 1.024−1.034 g/cm<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(using the DGC assay) and 1.017−1.039 g/cm<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(estimated from in-situ sedimentation rates), sug gesting good potential for subsurface transport under favorable conditions.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es960461d","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Harvey, R., Metge, D., Kinner, N., and Mayberry, N., 1997, Physiological considerations in applying laboratory-determined buoyant densities to predictions of bacterial and protozoan transport in groundwater: Results of in-situ and laboratory tests: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 1, p. 289-295, https://doi.org/10.1021/es960461d.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"289","endPage":"295","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":206834,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es960461d"},{"id":230891,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-12-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7b15e4b0c8380cd79247","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, R.W. 0000-0002-2791-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":11757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metge, D.W.","contributorId":51477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metge","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kinner, N.","contributorId":101413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinner","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mayberry, N.","contributorId":56410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayberry","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020138,"text":"70020138 - 1997 - Investigation of aggregation in solvent extraction of lanthanides by acidic extractants (organophosphorus and naphthenic acid)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-15T15:44:49.083366","indexId":"70020138","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3349,"text":"Science in China, Series B: Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigation of aggregation in solvent extraction of lanthanides by acidic extractants (organophosphorus and naphthenic acid)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Three acidic extractants (I) di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (HDEHP), (II) 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (HEHPEHE) and (III) naphthenic acid were employed in preparing the samples for the characterization of the coordination structure of lanthanide-extractant complexes and the physicochemica nature of aggregates formed in the organic diluent of the solvent extraction systems. Photo correlation spectroscopy (PCS) results on the aggregates formed by the partially saponified HDEHP in n-heptane showed that the hydrodynamic radius of the aggregates was comparable to the molecular dimensions of HDEHP. The addition of 2-octanol into the diluent, by which the mixed solvent was formed, increased the dimensions of the corresponding aggregates. Aggregates formed from the lanthanide ions and HDEHP in the organic phase of the extraction systems were found very unstable. In the case of naphthenic acid, PCS data showed the formation of w/o microemulsion from the saponified naphthenic acid in the mixed solvent. The extraction of lanthanides by the saponified naphthenic acid in the mixed solvent under the given experimental conditions was a process of destruction of the w/o microemulsion. A possible mechanism of the breakdown of the w/o microemulsion droplets is discussed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02882189","issn":"10069291","usgsCitation":"Zhou, N., Wu, J., Yu, Z., Neuman, R.D., Wang, D., and Xu, G., 1997, Investigation of aggregation in solvent extraction of lanthanides by acidic extractants (organophosphorus and naphthenic acid): Science in China, Series B: Chemistry, v. 40, no. 1, p. 61-71, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02882189.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228002,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3e7ee4b0c8380cd63e16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhou, N.","contributorId":31539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wu, J.","contributorId":56998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yu, Z.","contributorId":32696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neuman, R. D.","contributorId":27199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neuman","given":"R.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wang, D.","contributorId":13384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Xu, G.","contributorId":67235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70019982,"text":"70019982 - 1997 - The effect of grain size and surface area on organic matter, lignin and carbohydrate concentration, and molecular compositions in Peru Margin sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-15T00:01:51.100251","indexId":"70019982","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of grain size and surface area on organic matter, lignin and carbohydrate concentration, and molecular compositions in Peru Margin sediments","docAbstract":"<p>A C-rich sediment sample from the Peru Margin was sorted into nine hydrodynamically-determined grain size fractions to explore the effect of grain size distribution and sediment surface area on organic matter content and composition. The neutral monomeric carbohydrate composition, lignin oxidation product yields, total organic carbon, and total nitrogen contents were determined independently for each size fraction, in addition to sediment surface area and abundance of biogenic opal.</p><p>The percent organic carbon and percent total nitrogen were strongly related to surface area in these sediments. In turn, the distribution of surface area closely followed mass distribution among the textural size classes, suggesting hydrodynamic controls on grain size also control organic carbon content. Nevertheless, organic compositional distinctions were observed between textural size classes.</p><p>Total neutral carbohydrate yields in the Peru Margin sediments were found to closely parallel trends in total organic carbon, increasing in abundance among grain size fractions in proportion to sediment surface area. Coincident with the increases in absolute abundance, rhamnose and mannose increased as a fraction of the total carbohydrate yield in concert with surface area, indicating these monomers were preferentially represented in carbohydrates associated with surfaces. Lignin oxidation product yields varied with surface area when normalized to organic carbon, suggesting that the terrestrially-derived component may be diluted by sorption of marine derived material. Lignin-based parameters suggest a separate source for terrestrially derived material associated with sand-size material as opposed to that associated with silts and clays.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00394-8","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Bergamaschi, B., Tsamakis, E., Keil, R., Eglinton, T., Montlucon, D., and Hedges, J.I., 1997, The effect of grain size and surface area on organic matter, lignin and carbohydrate concentration, and molecular compositions in Peru Margin sediments: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 61, no. 6, p. 1247-1260, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00394-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1247","endPage":"1260","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228031,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Peru","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Ocean, Peru Margin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.87510308571308,\n              -11.710960751611168\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.6565585769824,\n              -11.710960751611168\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.6565585769824,\n              -14.253102999861085\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.87510308571308,\n              -14.253102999861085\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.87510308571308,\n              -11.710960751611168\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab2ce4b08c986b322c92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergamaschi, B.A. 0000-0002-9610-5581","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":22401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tsamakis, E.","contributorId":45069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsamakis","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keil, R.G.","contributorId":53105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keil","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eglinton, T.I.","contributorId":10565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eglinton","given":"T.I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Montlucon, D.B.","contributorId":78893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montlucon","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hedges, J. I.","contributorId":30757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedges","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70020091,"text":"70020091 - 1997 - Chemical weathering of a soil chronosequence on granitoid alluvium: II. Mineralogic and isotopic constraints on the behavior of strontium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T23:46:34.763995","indexId":"70020091","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical weathering of a soil chronosequence on granitoid alluvium: II. Mineralogic and isotopic constraints on the behavior of strontium","docAbstract":"<p><span>The use of strontium isotopes to evaluate mineral weathering and identify sources of base cations in catchment waters requires an understanding of the behavior of Sr in the soil environment as a function of time. Our approach is to model the temporal evolution of&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr of the cation exchange pool in a soil chronosequence developed on alluvium derived from central Sierra Nevada granitoids during the past 3 Ma. With increasing soil age,&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr of ammonium-acetate extractable Sr initially decreases from values typical of K-feldspar to those of plagioclase and hornblende and then remains constant, even though plagioclase and hornblende are absent from the soils after approximately 1 Ma of weathering. The temporal variation of&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr of exchangeable Sr is modeled by progressively equilibrating Sr derived from mineral weathering and atmospheric deposition with Sr on exchange sites as waters infiltrate a soil column. Observed decreases in quartz-normalized modal abundances of plagioclase, hornblende, and K-feldspar with time, and the distinct</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr values of these minerals can be used to calculate Sr flux from weathering reactions. Hydrobiotites in the soils have nearly constant modal abundances, chemistry, and&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr over the chronosequence and provide negligible Sr input to weathering solutions. The model requires time and soil horizon-dependent changes in the amount of exchangeable Sr and the efficiency of Sr exchange, as well as a biologic cycling term. The model predicts that exchangeable Sr initially has&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr identical to that of K-feldspar, and thus could be dominated by Sr leached from K-feldspar following deposition of the alluvium. The maximum value of&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr observed in dilute stream waters associated with granitoids of the Yosemite region is likewise similar to that of the K-feldspars, suggesting that K-feldspar and not biotite may be the dominant source of radiogenic Sr in the streams. This study reveals that, when attempting to use Strontium isotopes to identify sources of base cations in catchment waters and biomass, both preferential leaching of Sr from minerals during incipient soil development and changing Sr exchange efficiency must be considered along with chemical contributions due to mineral dissolution.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00344-4","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Bullen, T., White, A., Blum, A., Harden, J., and Schulz, M., 1997, Chemical weathering of a soil chronosequence on granitoid alluvium: II. Mineralogic and isotopic constraints on the behavior of strontium: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 61, no. 2, p. 291-306, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00344-4.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"306","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227867,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f59ae4b0c8380cd4c2f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bullen, T.","contributorId":102651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, A.","contributorId":103425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blum, A.","contributorId":63971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harden, J.","contributorId":43918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schulz, M.","contributorId":28390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70019537,"text":"70019537 - 1997 - Variable deep structure of a midcontinent fault and fold zone from seismic reflection: La Salle deformation belt, Illinois basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-22T00:10:13.044463","indexId":"70019537","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variable deep structure of a midcontinent fault and fold zone from seismic reflection: La Salle deformation belt, Illinois basin","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15008961\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Deformation within the United States midcontinent is frequently expressed as quasilinear zones of faulting and folding, such as the La Salle deformation belt, a northwest-trending series of folds cutting through the center of the Illinois basin. Seismic reflection profiles over the southern La Salle deformation belt reveal the three-dimensional structural style of deformation in the lower Paleozoic section and uppermost Precambrian(?) basement. Individual profiles and structural contour maps show for the first time that the folds of the La Salle deformation belt are underlain at depth by reverse faults that disrupt and offset intrabasement structure, offset the top of interpreted Precambrian basement, and accommodate folding of overlying Paleozoic strata. The folds do not represent development of initial dips by strata deposited over a preexisting basement high. Rather, the structures resemble subdued “Laramide-style” forced folds, in that Paleozoic stratal reflectors appear to be flexed over a fault-bounded basement uplift with the basement-cover contact folded concordantly with overlying strata. For about 40 km along strike, the dominant faults reverse their dip direction, alternating between east and west. Less well expressed antithetic or back thrusts appear to be associated with the dominant faults and could together describe a positive flower structure. The overall trend of this part of the La Salle deformation belt is disrupted by along-strike discontinuities that separate distinct fold culminations. Observations of dual vergence and along-strike discontinuities suggest an original deformation regime possibly involving limited transpression associated with distant late Paleozoic Appalachian-Ouachita mountain building. Moderate-magnitude earthquakes located west of the western flank of the La Salle deformation belt have reverse and strike-slip mechanisms at upper crustal depths, which might be reactivating deep basement faults such as observed in this study. The La Salle deformation belt is not necessarily typical of other well-known major midcontinent fault and fold zones, such as the Nemaha ridge, over which Paleozoic and younger sediments appear to simply be draped.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109<1502:VDSOAM>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"McBride, J., 1997, Variable deep structure of a midcontinent fault and fold zone from seismic reflection: La Salle deformation belt, Illinois basin: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 109, no. 11, p. 1502-1513, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109<1502:VDSOAM>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1502","endPage":"1513","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228080,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc141e4b08c986b32a4d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McBride, J.H.","contributorId":99712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020015,"text":"70020015 - 1997 - Rapid extension in an Eocene volcanic arc: Structure and paleogeography of an intra-arc half graben in central Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-21T12:12:47.128266","indexId":"70020015","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid extension in an Eocene volcanic arc: Structure and paleogeography of an intra-arc half graben in central Idaho","docAbstract":"A study of extension, volcanism, and sedimentation in the middle Eocene Panther Creek half graben in central Idaho shows that it formed rapidly during an episode of voluminous volcanism. The east-southeast-tilted Panther Creek half graben developed across the northeast edge of the largest cauldron complex of the Challis volcanic field and along the northeast-trending Trans-Challis fault zone. Two normal fault systems bound the east side of the half graben. One fault system strikes northeast, parallel to the Trans-Challis fault zone, and the other strikes north to northwest. The geometry of the basin-fill deposits shows that movement on these two normal fault systems was synchronous and that both faults controlled the development of the Panther Creek half graben. Strikes of the synextension volcanic and sedimentary rocks are similar throughout the half graben, whereas dips decrease incrementally upsection from as much as 60?? to less than 10??. Previous K-Ar dates and a new 40Ar/39Ar plateau date from the youngest widespread tuff in the basin suggest that most of basin formation spanned 3 m.y. between about 47.7 Ma and 44.5 Ma. As much as 6.5 km of volcanic and sedimentary rocks were deposited during that time. Although rates of extension and subsidence were very high, intense volcanic activity continually filled the basin with ash-flow tuffs, outpacing subsidence and sedimentation, until the end of basin development. After the abrupt end of Challis volcanism, locally derived pebble to boulder conglomerate and massive, reworked ash accumulated in the half graben. These sedimentary rocks make up a small part of the basin fill in the Panther Creek half graben and were derived mainly from Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks uplifted in the footwall of the basin. The east-southeast tilt of the sedimentary rocks, their provenance and coarse grain size, and the presence of a gravity slide block derived from tilted volcanic rocks in the hanging wall attest to continued tectonism during conglomerate deposition. Provenance data from the sedimentary rocks imply that the highland in the footwall of the Panther Creek half graben was never thickly blanketed by synex-tension volcanic rocks, despite intense volcanic activity. Analysis of the Panther Creek half graben and other intra-arc rift basins supports previous interpretations that relative rates of volcanism and subsidence control the proportion of volcanic rocks deposited in intra-arc rifts.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109<0253:REIAEV>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Janecke, S.U., Hammond, B., Snee, L., and Geissman, J.W., 1997, Rapid extension in an Eocene volcanic arc: Structure and paleogeography of an intra-arc half graben in central Idaho: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 109, no. 3, p. 253-267, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109<0253:REIAEV>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"267","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227949,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.62545968073437,\n              45.387525781943594\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.62545968073437,\n              43.61686225645221\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.66989327448435,\n              43.61686225645221\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.66989327448435,\n              45.387525781943594\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.62545968073437,\n              45.387525781943594\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"109","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94dfe4b0c8380cd81684","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janecke, S. U.","contributorId":42296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janecke","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammond, B.F.","contributorId":78491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snee, L.W.","contributorId":99981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snee","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Geissman, J. W.","contributorId":105760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":69337,"text":"cp45 - 1997 - Circum-Arctic map of permafrost and ground-ice conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T18:58:27.086775","indexId":"cp45","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":308,"text":"Circum-Pacific Map","code":"CP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"45","title":"Circum-Arctic map of permafrost and ground-ice conditions","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cp45","usgsCitation":"Brown, J., Ferrians, O., Heginbottom, J.A., and Melnikov, E.S., 1997, Circum-Arctic map of permafrost and ground-ice conditions: U.S. Geological Survey Circum-Pacific Map 45, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 57.92 x 40.95 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/cp45.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 57.92 x 40.95 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414562,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54928.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":251486,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/45/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":252451,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/45/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":251485,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/45/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"otherGeospatial":"Circum-Arctic","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              30\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              90\n            ],\n            [\n              179.9,\n              90\n            ],\n            [\n              179.9,\n              30\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              30\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dde4b07f02db5e1fa9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, J.","contributorId":57801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferrians, O. J. Jr.","contributorId":59452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrians","given":"O. J.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heginbottom, J. A.","contributorId":48820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heginbottom","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Melnikov, E. S.","contributorId":79304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melnikov","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70019110,"text":"70019110 - 1997 - Kinetics of the coesite to quartz transformation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-08T12:27:47.187901","indexId":"70019110","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kinetics of the coesite to quartz transformation","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id12\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id13\"><p>The survival of coesite in ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) rocks has important implications for the exhumation of subducted crustal rocks. We have conducted experiments to study the mechanism and rate of the coesite→quartz transformation using polycrystalline coesite aggregates, fabricated by devitrifying silica glass cylinders containing 2850&nbsp;H/10<sup>6</sup>&nbsp;Si at 1000°C and 3.6 GPa for 24&nbsp;h. Conditions were adjusted following synthesis to transform the samples at 700–1000°C at pressures 190–410 MPa below the quartz–coesite equilibrium boundary. Reaction proceeds via grain-boundary nucleation and interface-controlled growth, with characteristic reaction textures remarkably similar to those seen in natural UHP rocks. We infer that the experimental reaction mechanism is identical to that in nature, a prerequisite for reliable extrapolation of the rate data. Growth rates obtained by direct measurement differ by up to two orders of magnitude from those estimated by fitting a rate equation to the transformation–time data. Fitting the rates to Turnbull's equation for growth therefore yields two distinct sets of parameters with similar activation energies (242 or 269 kJ/mol) but significantly different pre-exponential constants. Extrapolation based on either set of growth rates suggests that coesite should not be preserved on geologic time scales if it reaches the quartz stability field at temperatures above 375–400°C. The survival of coesite has previously been linked to its inclusion in strong phases, such as garnet, that can sustain a high internal pressure during decompression. Other factors that may play a crucial role in preservation are low fluid availability — possibly even less than that of our nominally “dry” experiments — and the development of transformation stress, which inhibits nucleation and growth. These issues are discussed in the context of our experiments as well as recent observations from natural rocks.</p></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00159-3","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Mosenfelder, J., and Bohlen, S., 1997, Kinetics of the coesite to quartz transformation: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 153, no. 1-2, p. 133-147, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00159-3.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"147","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489789,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0012-821x(97)00159-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":226630,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"153","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40abe4b0c8380cd64f58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mosenfelder, J.L.","contributorId":82467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosenfelder","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlen, S.R.","contributorId":105436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlen","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5225,"text":"fs09297 - 1997 - Salt tolerance of southern baldcypress","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-23T21:31:29.201439","indexId":"fs09297","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"092-97","title":"Salt tolerance of southern baldcypress","docAbstract":"Historically, cypress-tupelo swamps covered much of the low-lying coastal regions of the Southeast. However, saltwater intrusion and increased flooding over the past 30 years, combined with past logging, have depleted the numbers and decreased the survival and growth of baldcypress (<i>Taxodium distichum</i>) in coastal areas along the Gulf of Mexico.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs09297","usgsCitation":"Allen, J., and Burkett, V.R., 1997, Salt tolerance of southern baldcypress: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 092-97, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs09297.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284087,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs09297.jpg"},{"id":285377,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0092-97/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.99,24.89 ], [ -94.99,31.58 ], [ -80.51,31.58 ], [ -80.51,24.89 ], [ -94.99,24.89 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47e4e4b07f02db4bb49b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, James A. 0000-0001-6459-5734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6459-5734","contributorId":108095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burkett, Virginia R. 0000-0003-4746-2862","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-2862","contributorId":80229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkett","given":"Virginia","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70180938,"text":"70180938 - 1997 - Alternative interpretations of oil spill data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-08T15:35:31","indexId":"70180938","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alternative interpretations of oil spill data","docAbstract":"<p>In his article \"Oil, Seabirds, and Science\" (BioScience 46: 587-597), John Wiens attempted to review <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill (EVOS) damage assessment studies and the politics of EVOS science in one stroke. In my opinion, neither purpose was particularly well served. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1313070","usgsCitation":"Piatt, J.F., 1997, Alternative interpretations of oil spill data: BioScience, v. 47, no. 4, p. 202-203, https://doi.org/10.2307/1313070.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"202","endPage":"203","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1313070","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":335071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"47","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589c3c4fe4b0efcedb741106","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1002882,"text":"1002882 - 1997 - Effects of irradiance on growth and winter bud production by Vallisneria americana and consequences to its abundance and distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-28T17:35:35.33293","indexId":"1002882","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Effects of irradiance on growth and winter bud production by <i>Vallisneria americana</i> and consequences to its abundance and distribution","title":"Effects of irradiance on growth and winter bud production by Vallisneria americana and consequences to its abundance and distribution","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-gulliver text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id5\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id6\"><p>Number, total biomass, and individual mass of winter buds of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Vallisneria americana</i><span>&nbsp;</span>was significantly related to the depth of the 1% of surface irradiance (Z) and the photosynthetic photon irradiance calculated for each shading treatment imposed during this study. Between the range of 23.8 and 111.2 cm depth for the 1% Z, total biomass of winterbuds produced ranged from 0.63 to 0.01 g, counts ranged from 3.5 to 0.1, and mass of individual winterbuds ranged from 0.18 to 0.04 g. Total biomass of winter buds produced was reduced when plants were exposed to a 14-day period without irradiance during the middle of the growing season. Applying the results of the culture experiments to conditions found in Navigation Pool 8 of the Upper Mississippi River suggests that irradiance may indeed limit the distribution and abundance of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Vallisneria americana</i><span>&nbsp;</span>by reducing the number and size of winter buds.</p></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0304-3770(97)00014-4","usgsCitation":"Korschgen, C.E., Green, W.L., and Kenow, K.P., 1997, Effects of irradiance on growth and winter bud production by Vallisneria americana and consequences to its abundance and distribution: Aquatic Botany, v. 58, no. 1, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3770(97)00014-4.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129087,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611dcc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Korschgen, Carl E.","contributorId":29354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korschgen","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, W. L.","contributorId":48901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kenow, Kevin P. 0000-0002-3062-5197 kkenow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3062-5197","contributorId":3339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenow","given":"Kevin","email":"kkenow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70194245,"text":"70194245 - 1997 - Wildlife response to thinning young forests in the Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-04T13:27:00.483878","indexId":"70194245","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2297,"text":"Journal of Forestry","onlineIssn":"1938-3746","printIssn":"0022-1201","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wildlife response to thinning young forests in the Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of American Foresters","doi":"10.1093/jof/95.8.28","usgsCitation":"Hayes, J.P., Chan, S., Emmingham, W., Tappeiner, J., Kellogg, L., and Bailey, J.D., 1997, Wildlife response to thinning young forests in the Pacific Northwest: Journal of Forestry, v. 95, no. 8, p. 28-33, https://doi.org/10.1093/jof/95.8.28.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"33","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480000,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jof/95.8.28","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":427388,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://academic.oup.com/jof/article/95/8/28/4613767","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":349119,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a61292ee4b06e28e9c25d55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, J. P.","contributorId":42565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chan, S.S.","contributorId":42201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chan","given":"S.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emmingham, W.H.","contributorId":85518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Emmingham","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tappeiner, J. C.","contributorId":39751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappeiner","given":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kellogg, L.D.","contributorId":98900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bailey, J. D.","contributorId":66882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1008097,"text":"1008097 - 1997 - Predation on the endangered tidewater goby, Eucyclogobius newberryi, by the introduced African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, with notes on the frog's parasites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-01T01:20:34.004235","indexId":"1008097","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predation on the endangered tidewater goby, Eucyclogobius newberryi, by the introduced African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, with notes on the frog's parasites","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH)","doi":"10.2307/1447564","usgsCitation":"Lafferty, K.D., and Page, C., 1997, Predation on the endangered tidewater goby, Eucyclogobius newberryi, by the introduced African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, with notes on the frog's parasites: Copeia, v. 1997, p. 589-592, https://doi.org/10.2307/1447564.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"589","endPage":"592","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132732,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1997","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db6802f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lafferty, K. D.","contributorId":58213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lafferty","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Page, C.J.","contributorId":69515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70194231,"text":"70194231 - 1997 - Gradients, vegetation and climate: spatial and temporal dynamics in the Olympic Mountains, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T15:13:36","indexId":"70194231","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1840,"text":"Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gradients, vegetation and climate: spatial and temporal dynamics in the Olympic Mountains, USA","docAbstract":"<p>The steep environmental gradients of mountains result in the juxtaposition of diverse vegetation associations with narrow ecotones because life zones are compressed. Variation in geologic substrate, landforms, and soils, in combination with steep environmental gradients, create habitat diversity across spatial scales from 10<sup>6</sup> ha to &lt;10 m<sup>2</sup>. This leads to higher biodiversity in a smaller space than in landscapes with less topographic variation. Mountains are often considered to be refuges for biological diversity at the regional scale, although variation in landscape features creates refuges at a fine scale as well. Mountains should also be considered a source of biological diversity, because they provide the germplasm for migration into lowland areas following glacial recession. Many taxa are distributed over a broad range of elevations and habitats, which maximizes the potential to respond to environmental perturbations. Reorganization of species distribution and abundance as a result of climatic change may be impacted considerably by human-caused fragmentation of landscape features, especially at lower elevations. This paper uses palaeoecological and biogeographical data to investigate the spatial and temporal vegetation dynamics of a steep maritime range, the Olympic Mountains (USA). The role of resource management in protecting vegetation in a fragmented landscape is discussed, with emphasis on how to address uncertainties such as climatic change.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/2997523","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.L., Schreiner, E.G., and Buckingham, N.M., 1997, Gradients, vegetation and climate: spatial and temporal dynamics in the Olympic Mountains, USA: Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters, v. 6, no. 1, p. 7-17, https://doi.org/10.2307/2997523.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"17","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Olympic Mountains","volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a61292ee4b06e28e9c25d5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, David L.","contributorId":94643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12647,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":722790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schreiner, Edward G.","contributorId":29371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiner","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buckingham, Nelsa M.","contributorId":78224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buckingham","given":"Nelsa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70164305,"text":"70164305 - 1997 - A comparison of larval development in the zebra mussels, <i>Dreissena polymorpha</i>, (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) up to the free-swimming trochophore stage in Tennessee and Ohio River water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T09:56:34","indexId":"70164305","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A comparison of larval development in the zebra mussels, <i>Dreissena polymorpha</i>, (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) up to the free-swimming trochophore stage in Tennessee and Ohio River water","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the seventh symposium on the natural history of Lower Tennessee and Cumberland River Valleys","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"Seventh symposium on the natural history of Lower Tennessee and Cumberland River Valleys","conferenceDate":"February 28 - March 1, 1997","conferenceLocation":"Dover, TN","language":"English","publisher":"Austin Peay State University","usgsCitation":"Reed, D.P., Herod, J., and Sickel, J.B., 1997, A comparison of larval development in the zebra mussels, <i>Dreissena polymorpha</i>, (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) up to the free-swimming trochophore stage in Tennessee and Ohio River water, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the seventh symposium on the natural history of Lower Tennessee and Cumberland River Valleys, Dover, TN, February 28 - March 1, 1997, p. 85-98.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"98","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316354,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b08fbae4b010e2af2a5d1d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Scott, A.F.","contributorId":20284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596917,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamilton, S. W.","contributorId":156226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596918,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chester, E. W.","contributorId":156222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chester","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596919,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, D. S.","contributorId":156223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596920,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Reed, D. P.","contributorId":156224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reed","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herod, J.J.","contributorId":28919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herod","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sickel, J. B.","contributorId":156225,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sickel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70164307,"text":"70164307 - 1997 - Potential for the Kentucky Dam tailwater of the Tennessee River to serve as a mussel refuge from invading zebra mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T10:01:56","indexId":"70164307","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Potential for the Kentucky Dam tailwater of the Tennessee River to serve as a mussel refuge from invading zebra mussels","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation and management of freshwater mussels II : Initiatives for the future","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"UMRCC symposium: conservation and management of freshwater mussels","conferenceDate":"October 16-18, 1995","conferenceLocation":"St. Louis, MO","language":"English","publisher":"Upper Mississippi River Conservation Committee","usgsCitation":"Sickel, J.B., Herod, J., and Blalock, H., 1997, Potential for the Kentucky Dam tailwater of the Tennessee River to serve as a mussel refuge from invading zebra mussels, <i>in</i> Conservation and management of freshwater mussels II : Initiatives for the future, St. Louis, MO, October 16-18, 1995, p. 214-219.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"214","endPage":"219","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316358,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b08fe5e4b010e2af2a5dfa","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cummings, K.S.","contributorId":108067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummings","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596927,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buchanan, A. C.","contributorId":11027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchanan","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596928,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mayer, C. A.","contributorId":156230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayer","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596929,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Naimo, T.J.","contributorId":32870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naimo","given":"T.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596930,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Sickel, J. B.","contributorId":156225,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sickel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herod, J.J.","contributorId":28919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herod","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blalock, H.N.","contributorId":67443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blalock","given":"H.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70187676,"text":"70187676 - 1997 - Landsat TM memory effect characterization and correction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-12T13:44:47","indexId":"70187676","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1175,"text":"Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landsat TM memory effect characterization and correction","docAbstract":"<p><span>Before radiometric calibration of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data can be done accurately, it is necessary to minimize the effects of artifacts present in the data that originate in the instrument's signal processing path. These artifacts have been observed in downlinked image data since shortly after launch of Landsat 4 and 5. However, no comprehensive work has been done to characterize all the artifacts and develop methods for their correction. In this paper, the most problematic artifact is discussed: memory effect (ME). Characterization of this artifact is presented, including the parameters necessary for its correction. In addition, a correction algorithm is described that removes the artifact from TM imagery. It will be shown that this artifact causes significant radiometry errors, but the effect can be removed in a straightforward manner.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/07038992.1997.10855215","usgsCitation":"Helder, D., Boncyk, W., and Morfitt, R., 1997, Landsat TM memory effect characterization and correction: Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 23, no. 4, p. 299-308, https://doi.org/10.1080/07038992.1997.10855215.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"308","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341231,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5916c9bde4b044b359e486c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helder, D. 0000-0002-7379-4679","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-4679","contributorId":15490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helder","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boncyk, W.","contributorId":59190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boncyk","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morfitt, R. 0000-0002-4777-4877","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4777-4877","contributorId":103858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morfitt","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}