{"pageNumber":"3696","pageRowStart":"92375","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185258,"records":[{"id":5531,"text":"fs05697 - 1997 - Model of animal behavior, MOAB","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:37","indexId":"fs05697","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"056-97","title":"Model of animal behavior, MOAB","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs05697","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997, Model of animal behavior, MOAB: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 056-97,    , https://doi.org/10.3133/fs05697.","productDescription":"   ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_056_97.jpg"},{"id":149,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.usgs.gov/tech-transfer/factsheets/FS-056-97.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db610cff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":69676,"text":"mf2318 - 1997 - Sidescan sonar image, surficial geologic interpretation, and bathymetry of the Long Island Sound sea floor off Hammonasset Beach State Park, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:35","indexId":"mf2318","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2318","title":"Sidescan sonar image, surficial geologic interpretation, and bathymetry of the Long Island Sound sea floor off Hammonasset Beach State Park, Connecticut","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf2318","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., Lewis, R., Zajac, R.N., Twichell, D.C., Schmuck, E.A., Parolski, K.F., and DiGiacomo-Cohen, M.L., 1997, Sidescan sonar image, surficial geologic interpretation, and bathymetry of the Long Island Sound sea floor off Hammonasset Beach State Park, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2318, 2 sheets, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2318.","productDescription":"2 sheets","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"7500","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3d94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, Lawrence J. lpoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Lawrence J.","email":"lpoppe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":280871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, Ralph S.","contributorId":9288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Ralph S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zajac, Roman N.","contributorId":89402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zajac","given":"Roman","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Twichell, David C.","contributorId":37730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":280875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmuck, Eric A.","contributorId":6103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmuck","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parolski, Kenneth F.","contributorId":6452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parolski","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"DiGiacomo-Cohen, Mary L.","contributorId":45253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiGiacomo-Cohen","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":5078,"text":"fs07797 - 1997 - January 1997 flooding in northern Nevada : was this a \"100-year flood\"?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:51","indexId":"fs07797","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"077-97","title":"January 1997 flooding in northern Nevada : was this a \"100-year flood\"?","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs07797","usgsCitation":"Garcia, K.T., 1997, January 1997 flooding in northern Nevada : was this a \"100-year flood\"?: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 077-97, 1 folded sheet ([4] p. : col. ill., col. map ; 28 cm. col. ill., col. map, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs07797.","productDescription":"1 folded sheet ([4] p. : col. ill., col. map ; 28 cm. col. ill., col. map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125220,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0077/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31879,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0077/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db666fc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garcia, Kerry T.","contributorId":57837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"Kerry","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":50143,"text":"ofr97420 - 1997 - In situ ecosystem effects of trace contaminants in San Francisco Bay Estuary - The necessary link to establishing water quality standards II","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-05T08:19:02","indexId":"ofr97420","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-420","title":"In situ ecosystem effects of trace contaminants in San Francisco Bay Estuary - The necessary link to establishing water quality standards II","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr97420","usgsCitation":"Parcheso, F., Brown, C.L., Thompson, J., and Luoma, S., 1997, In situ ecosystem effects of trace contaminants in San Francisco Bay Estuary - The necessary link to establishing water quality standards II: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-420, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97420.","productDescription":"38 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.12377929687499,\n              37.431250501793585\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.640869140625,\n              37.431250501793585\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.640869140625,\n              38.34165619279595\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.12377929687499,\n              38.34165619279595\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.12377929687499,\n              37.431250501793585\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5b3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parcheso, Francis 0000-0002-9471-7787 parchaso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-7787","contributorId":2590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parcheso","given":"Francis","email":"parchaso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":240834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, C. L.","contributorId":35678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":240835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, J.K.","contributorId":103300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":240837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Luoma, S.L.","contributorId":76813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":240836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":24769,"text":"ofr97421 - 1997 - A Graphical-User Interface for the U. S. Geological Survey's SUTRA Code using Argus ONE (for simulation of variable-density saturated-unsaturated ground-water flow with solute or energy transport)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:57","indexId":"ofr97421","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-421","title":"A Graphical-User Interface for the U. S. Geological Survey's SUTRA Code using Argus ONE (for simulation of variable-density saturated-unsaturated ground-water flow with solute or energy transport)","docAbstract":"This report describes a Graphical-User Interface (GUI) for SUTRA, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) model for saturated-unsaturated variable-fluid-density ground-water flow with solute or energy transport,which combines a USGS-developed code that interfaces SUTRA with Argus ONE, a commercial software product developed by Argus Interware. This product, known as Argus Open Numerical Environments (Argus ONE<sup>TM</sup>), is a programmable system with geographic-information-system-like (GIS-like) functionality that includes automated gridding and meshing capabilities for linking geospatial information with finite-difference and finite-element numerical model discretizations. The GUI for SUTRA is based on a public-domain Plug-In Extension (PIE) to Argus ONE that automates the use of ArgusONE to: automatically create the appropriate geospatial information coverages (information layers) for SUTRA, provide menus and dialogs for inputting geospatial information and simulation control parameters for SUTRA, and allow visualization of SUTRA simulation results. Following simulation control data and geospatial data input bythe user through the GUI, ArgusONE creates text files in a format required for normal input to SUTRA,and SUTRA can be executed within the Argus ONE environment. Then, hydraulic head, pressure, solute concentration, temperature, saturation and velocity results from the SUTRA simulation may be visualized. Although the GUI for SUTRA discussed in this report provides all of the graphical pre- and post-processor functions required for running SUTRA, it is also possible for advanced users to apply programmable features within Argus ONE to modify the GUI to meet the unique demands of particular ground-water modeling projects.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr97421","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Voss, C.I., Boldt, D., and Shapiro, A.M., 1997, A Graphical-User Interface for the U. S. Geological Survey's SUTRA Code using Argus ONE (for simulation of variable-density saturated-unsaturated ground-water flow with solute or energy transport): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-421, vi, 90 p.; Appendices; Index, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97421.","productDescription":"vi, 90 p.; Appendices; Index","startPage":"i","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"112","costCenters":[{"id":494,"text":"Office of Groundwater","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_97_421.jpg"},{"id":53792,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0421/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4957e4b0b290850ef131","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boldt, David","contributorId":55143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boldt","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shapiro, Allen M. 0000-0002-6425-9607 ashapiro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-9607","contributorId":2164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Allen","email":"ashapiro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":59600,"text":"mf2219E - 1997 - Map showing the distribution of anomalous concentrations of copper, lead, zinc, tin, and tungsten in stream sediment and heavy-mineral concentrate in the Iditarod quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:27","indexId":"mf2219E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2219","chapter":"E","title":"Map showing the distribution of anomalous concentrations of copper, lead, zinc, tin, and tungsten in stream sediment and heavy-mineral concentrate in the Iditarod quadrangle, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf2219E","isbn":"0607883049","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.E., Ryder, J.L., and Taylor, C.D., 1997, Map showing the distribution of anomalous concentrations of copper, lead, zinc, tin, and tungsten in stream sediment and heavy-mineral concentrate in the Iditarod quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2219, 1 map ;45 x 63 cm. on sheet 133 x 102 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2219E.","productDescription":"1 map ;45 x 63 cm. on sheet 133 x 102 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":114737,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1997/2219e/report.pdf","size":"56","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":114738,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1997/2219e/plate-1.pdf","size":"13717","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":183746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1997/2219e/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -159,62 ], [ -159,63 ], [ -156,63 ], [ -156,62 ], [ -159,62 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649ea6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, John E. jgray@usgs.gov","contributorId":1275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","email":"jgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":262294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryder, Jean L.","contributorId":80709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Charles D.","contributorId":77796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":49926,"text":"ofr97369 - 1997 - Level II scour analysis for Bridge 10 (CHESTH00030010) on Town Highway 3 (VT 35), crossing the South Branch of Williams River, Chester, Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-25T15:10:28","indexId":"ofr97369","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-369","title":"Level II scour analysis for Bridge 10 (CHESTH00030010) on Town Highway 3 (VT 35), crossing the South Branch of Williams River, Chester, Vermont","docAbstract":"<p>This report provides the results of a detailed Level II analysis of scour potential at structure CHESTH00030010 on Town Highway 3 (VT 35) crossing the South Branch Williams River, Chester, Vermont (figures 1–8). A Level II study is a basic engineering analysis of the site, including a quantitative analysis of stream stability and scour (U.S. Department of Transportation, 1993). Results of a Level I scour investigation also are included in Appendix E of this report. A Level I investigation provides a qualitative geomorphic characterization of the study site. Information on the bridge, gleaned from Vermont Agency of Transportation (VTAOT) files, was compiled prior to conducting Level I and Level II analyses and is found in Appendix D.</p><p>The site is in the New England Upland section of the New England physiographic province in southeastern Vermont. The 9.44-mi<sup>2</sup> drainage area is in a predominantly rural and forested basin. In the vicinity of the study site, the surface cover is forest.</p><p>In the study area, the South Branch Williams River has an incised, sinuous channel with a slope of approximately 0.03 ft/ft, an average channel top width of 67 ft and an average bank height of 5 ft. The channel bed material ranges from gravel to boulder with a median grain size (D<sub>50</sub>) of 69.0 mm (0.226 ft). The geomorphic assessment at the time of the Level I and Level II site visit on August 26-27, 1996, indicated that the reach was stable.</p><p>The Town Highway 3 (VT 35) crossing of the South Branch Williams River is a 69-foot-long, two-lane bridge consisting of one 67-foot steel-stringer span with a concrete deck (Vermont Agency of Transportation, written communication, August 23, 1994). The opening length of the structure parallel to the bridge face is 64.5 ft. The bridge is supported by vertical, concrete abutments with spill-through embankments. The channel is skewed approximately 50 degrees to the opening while the opening-skew-to-roadway is 30 degrees.</p><p>The scour protection (spill-through abutments) measured at the site was type-3 stone fill (less than 48 inches diameter) extending the entire base length and around the ends of the left and right abutments. Additional details describing conditions at the site are included in the Level II Summary and Appendices D and E.</p><p>Scour depths and recommended rock rip-rap sizes were computed using the general guidelines described in Hydraulic Engineering Circular 18 (Richardson and others, 1995). Total scour at a highway crossing is comprised of three components: 1) long-term streambed degradation; 2) contraction scour (due to accelerated flow caused by a reduction in flow area at a bridge) and; 3) local scour (caused by accelerated flow around piers and abutments). Total scour is the sum of the three components. Equations are available to compute depths for contraction and local scour and a summary of the results of these computations follows.</p><p>Contraction scour for modelled flows ranged from 0.8 to 3.8 ft. The worst-case contraction scour occurred at the incipient roadway-overtopping discharge. Left abutment scour ranged from 13.3 to 14.9 ft. The worst-case scour at the left abutment occurred at the 500-year discharge. Right abutment scour ranged from 4.1 to 6.0 ft. The worst-case scour at the right abutment occurred at the incipient roadway-overtopping discharge. Additional information on scour depths and depths to armoring are included in the section titled “Scour Results”. Scoured-streambed elevations, based on the calculated scour depths, are presented in tables 1 and 2. A cross-section of the scour computed at the bridge is presented in figure 8. Scour depths were calculated assuming an infinite depth of erosive material and a homogeneous particle-size distribution.</p><p>It is generally accepted that the Froehlich equation (abutment scour) gives “excessively conservative estimates of scour depths” (Richardson and others, 1995, p. 47). Usually, computed scour depths are evaluated in combination with other information including (but not limited to) historical performance during flood events, the geomorphic stability assessment, existing scour protection measures, and the results of the hydraulic analyses. Therefore, scour depths adopted by VTAOT may differ from the computed values documented herein.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Pembroke, NH","doi":"10.3133/ofr97369","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Vermont Agency of Transportation and Federal Highway Administration","usgsCitation":"Wild, E.C., and Hammond, R.E., 1997, Level II scour analysis for Bridge 10 (CHESTH00030010) on Town Highway 3 (VT 35), crossing the South Branch of Williams River, Chester, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-369, iv, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97369.","productDescription":"iv, 52 p.","numberOfPages":"57","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr97369.JPG"},{"id":279756,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0369/report.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Vermont","city":"Chester","otherGeospatial":"South Branch Williams River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.75,43.5 ], [ -72.75,43.625 ], [ -72.625,43.625 ], [ -72.625,43.5 ], [ -72.75,43.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8469","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wild, Emily C. 0000-0001-6157-7629 ecwild@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6157-7629","contributorId":1810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wild","given":"Emily","email":"ecwild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5081,"text":"Libraries","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":240484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammond, Robert E.","contributorId":61862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":240485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":6923,"text":"fs05797 - 1997 - Tree rings record 100 years of hydrologic change within a wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T10:29:18","indexId":"fs05797","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"057-97","title":"Tree rings record 100 years of hydrologic change within a wetland","docAbstract":"<p>One of the primary responsibilities of the Water Resources Division of the United States Geological Survey is to monitor the amount and quality of waters in our rivers, lakes, and wetlands. Hydrologists can evaluate these important resources in the present day, but how can they determine what conditions were like in past decades or even centuries? Moreover, are conditions part of a natural cycle or caused primarily by human activities? It is sometimes possible to answer these questions by examining the annual growth rings of trees. Each ring can be assigned an exact year of formation, and yearly differences in ring widths can be used to compare past and present conditions on a flood plain, along a river, or within a wetland. Thus, tree rings provide information that otherwise might be difficult or even impossible to obtain.</p>\n<p>Hydrology and tree growth were investigated within a small wetland in the Tully Valley of central New York, about 20 miles south of Syracuse. In late 1994 it was noted that some wetland trees were dying, and local residents reported that flow of a small stream draining the wetland seemingly increased and became more brackish since the mid to late 1980s. The wetland is about 3 miles north of an extensive salt mining operation known to have degraded local water quality, but no effects of mining had been confirmed previously near the wetland. The oldest wetland trees started to grow before the onset of mining in 1889, and thus tree-ring studies were undertaken not only to investi-gate recent hydrologic change within the wetland, but also to search for evidence of any other changes during the last 100 years.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs05797","usgsCitation":"Yanosky, T.M., and Kappel, W.M., 1997, Tree rings record 100 years of hydrologic change within a wetland: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 057-97, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs05797.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":117176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0057/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":704,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0057/fs19970057.pdf","text":"Report","size":"104 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 1997-57"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Tully Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.15104675292969,\n              42.85960815223624\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.15259170532227,\n              42.867157590830914\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.15533828735352,\n              42.87369969085678\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.15859985351561,\n              42.88137319358506\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.16340637207031,\n              42.887410688792286\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.16666793823242,\n              42.893573355685106\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.17319107055664,\n              42.89759762210229\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.18160247802733,\n              42.90262758581905\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.18640899658203,\n              42.90237609737882\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.18606567382812,\n              42.907782872769076\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.15774154663086,\n              42.9071542023206\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.15190505981445,\n              42.9035077872812\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.14744186401367,\n              42.89835214281899\n            ],\n            [\n           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-76.15070343017577,\n              42.84425478015883\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.15001678466797,\n              42.85029590656093\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.15070343017577,\n              42.855329727246435\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.16168975830078,\n              42.860614797387974\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.15104675292969,\n              42.85960815223624\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"dc_ny@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"dc_ny@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, New York Water Science Center<br> U.S. Geological Survey<br>425 Jordan Rd<br> Troy, NY 12180<br>(518) 285-5695&nbsp;<br> <a href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\">http://ny.water.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Abstract</li>\n<li>What are Tree Rings?</li>\n<li>Introduction</li>\n<li>The Wetland</li>\n<li>History of Solution-Brine Mining</li>\n<li>Tree-Ring Analyses</li>\n<li>Tree Growth</li>\n<li>Conclusions</li>\n<li>Additional Reading</li>\n</ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db6269f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yanosky, Thomas M.","contributorId":40589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yanosky","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kappel, William M. 0000-0002-2382-9757 wkappel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2382-9757","contributorId":1074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappel","given":"William","email":"wkappel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":153571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":49875,"text":"ofr9710 - 1997 - Level II scour analysis for Bridge 12 (PFRDTH00020012) on Town Highway 2, crossing Otter Creek, Pittsford, Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:24","indexId":"ofr9710","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-10","title":"Level II scour analysis for Bridge 12 (PFRDTH00020012) on Town Highway 2, crossing Otter Creek, Pittsford, Vermont","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr9710","usgsCitation":"Flynn, R.H., and Song, D., 1997, Level II scour analysis for Bridge 12 (PFRDTH00020012) on Town Highway 2, crossing Otter Creek, Pittsford, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-10, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9710.","productDescription":"52 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a83a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flynn, R. H.","contributorId":44946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":240404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Song, D.L.","contributorId":34985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Song","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":240403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":38442,"text":"pp1404M - 1997 - Simulation of ground-water flow in the Coastal Plain aquifer system of North Carolina","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":19080,"text":"ofr90372 - 1991 - Simulation of ground-water flow in the coastal plain aquifer system of North Carolina","indexId":"ofr90372","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Simulation of ground-water flow in the coastal plain aquifer system of North Carolina"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38442,"text":"pp1404M - 1997 - Simulation of ground-water flow in the Coastal Plain aquifer system of North Carolina","indexId":"pp1404M","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"chapter":"M","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow in the Coastal Plain aquifer system of North Carolina"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-17T20:16:24.659657","indexId":"pp1404M","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1404","chapter":"M","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow in the Coastal Plain aquifer system of North Carolina","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional finite-difference digital model was used to simulate ground-water flow in the 25,000-square-mile aquifer system of the North Carolina Coastal Plain. The model was developed from a hydrogeologic framework that is based on an alternating sequence of 10 aquifers and 9 confining units, which make up a seaward-thickening wedge of sediments that form the Coastal Plain aquifer system in the State of North Carolina.\r\n\r\nThe model was calibrated by comparing observed and simulated water levels. The model calibration was achieved by adjusting model parameters, primarily leakance of confining units and transmissivity of aquifers, until differences between observed and simulated water levels were within acceptable limits, generally within 15 feet. The maximum transmissivity of an individual aquifer in the calibrated model is 200,000 feet squared per day in a part of the Castle Hayne aquifer, which consists predominantly of limestone. The maximum value for simulated vertical hydraulic conductivity in a confining unit was 2.5 feet per day, in a part of the confining unit overlying the upper Cape Fear aquifer. The minimum value was 4.1x10-6 feet per day, in part of the confining unit overlying the lower Cape Fear aquifer. Analysis indicated the model is highly sensitive to changes in transmissivity and leakance near pumping centers; away from pumping centers, the model is only slightly sensitive to changes in transmissivity but is moderately sensitive to changes in leakance.\r\n\r\nRecharge from precipitation to the surficial aquifer ranges from about 12 inches per year in areas having clay at the surface to about 20 inches per year in areas having sand at the surface. Most of this recharge moves laterally to streams, and only about 1 inch per year moves downward to the confined parts of the aquifer system. Under predevelopment conditions, the confined aquifers were generally recharged in updip interstream areas and discharged through streambeds and in downdip coastward areas. Hydrologic analysis of the flow system using the calibrated model indicated that, because of ground-water withdrawals, areas of ground-water recharge have expanded and encroached upon some major stream valleys and into coastal area. Simulations of pumping conditions indicate that by 1980 large parts of the former coastal discharge areas had become areas of potential or actual recharge.\r\n\r\nDeclines of ground-water level, which are the result of water taken from storage, are extensive in some areas and minimal in others. Hydraulic head declines of more than 135 feet have occurred in the northern Coastal Plain since 1940 primarily due to withdrawals in the Franklin area in Virginia. Declines of ground-water levels greater than 110 feet have occurred in aquifers in the central Coastal Plain due to combined effects of pumpage for public and industrial water supplies. Water-level declines exceeding 100 feet have occurred in the Beaufort County area because of withdrawals for a mining operation and water supplies for a chemical plant. Head declines have been less than 10 feet in the shallow surficial and Yorktown aquifers and in the updip parts of the major confined aquifers distant from areas of major withdrawals. In 1980, contribution from aquifer storage was 14 cubic feet per second, which is about 4.8 percent of pumpage and about 0.05 percent of ground-water recharge.\r\n\r\nA water-budget analysis using the model simulations indicates that much of the water removed from the ground-water system by pumping ultimately is made up by a reduction in water leaving the aquifer system, which discharges to streams as base flow. The reduction in stream base flow was 294 cubic feet per second in 1980 and represents about 1.1 percent of the ground-water recharge. The net reduction to streamflow is not large, however, because most pumped ground water is eventually discharged to streams. In places, such as at rock quarries in Onslow and Craven Counties, water is lost from st","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1404M","usgsCitation":"Giese, G., Eimers, J.L., and Coble, R.W., 1997, Simulation of ground-water flow in the Coastal Plain aquifer system of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1404, 142 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1404M.","productDescription":"142 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":64917,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1404m/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119766,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1404m/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"North Carolina coastal plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.386962890625,\n              34.813803317113155\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.749755859375,\n              34.82282272723702\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.37646484375,\n              33.715201644740844\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.123779296875,\n              33.770015152780125\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.860107421875,\n              33.7243396617476\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.77221679687499,\n              33.93424531117312\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6513671875,\n              34.17090836352573\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.464599609375,\n              34.34343606848294\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.135009765625,\n              34.51560953848204\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.871337890625,\n              34.56990638085636\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.695556640625,\n              34.57895241036948\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.519775390625,\n              34.488447837809304\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.35498046875,\n              34.642247047768535\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.08032226562499,\n              34.831841149828655\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.948486328125,\n              34.939985151560435\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.73974609375,\n              35.06597313798418\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5419921875,\n              35.11990857099681\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.333251953125,\n              35.22767235493586\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.333251953125,\n              35.55010533588552\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.322265625,\n              35.746512259918504\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.443115234375,\n              35.951329861522666\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.56396484375,\n              36.19995805932895\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.7177734375,\n              36.43012234551576\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.728759765625,\n              36.57142382346277\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.2998046875,\n              36.55377524336089\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.53051757812499,\n              36.34167804918315\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.77221679687499,\n              36.13787471840729\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.2666015625,\n              35.89795019335754\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.288330078125,\n              35.46961797120201\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.70581054687499,\n              35.380092992092145\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.15625,\n              35.15584570226544\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.496826171875,\n              34.994003757575776\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.386962890625,\n              34.813803317113155\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f8e4b07f02db5f2985","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giese, G.I.","contributorId":56283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giese","given":"G.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eimers, J. L.","contributorId":95919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eimers","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coble, R. W.","contributorId":49380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coble","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":25096,"text":"fs06894 - 1997 - Cartographic data on CD-ROM","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-16T17:16:06","indexId":"fs06894","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"068-94","title":"Cartographic data on CD-ROM","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs06894","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997, Cartographic data on CD-ROM: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 068-94,    , https://doi.org/10.3133/fs06894.","productDescription":"   ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5efd0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":55709,"text":"wdrND962 - 1997 - Water Resources Data, North Dakota, water year 1996, Voume 2. Ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-12T22:52:24.445958","indexId":"wdrND962","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"ND-96-2","title":"Water Resources Data, North Dakota, water year 1996, Voume 2. Ground water","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrND962","usgsCitation":"Harkness, R., and Wald, J.D., 1997, Water Resources Data, North Dakota, water year 1996, Voume 2. Ground water: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report ND-96-2, x, 186 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrND962.","productDescription":"x, 186 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374727,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1996/nd-96-2/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":180754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1996/nd-96-2/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.56982421875,\n              45.920587344733654\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.591796875,\n              46.37725420510028\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.78955078125,\n              46.6795944656402\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.8115234375,\n              46.965259400349275\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.85546875,\n              47.69497434186282\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.0751953125,\n              48.06339653776211\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.1630859375,\n              48.516604348867475\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.09716796875,\n              48.748945343432936\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.2509765625,\n              49.023461463214126\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.08447265624999,\n              49.009050809382046\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.04052734375,\n              45.9511496866914\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.56982421875,\n              45.920587344733654\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5faefe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harkness, R.E.","contributorId":24412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harkness","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wald, J. D.","contributorId":30993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5549,"text":"fs12796 - 1997 - Looking for an old aerial photograph","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-29T17:02:31","indexId":"fs12796","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"127-96","title":"Looking for an old aerial photograph","docAbstract":"Attempts to photograph the surface of the Earth date from the 1800's, when photographers attached cameras to balloons, kites, and even pigeons. Today, aerial photographs and satellite images are commonplace.\n\nThe rate of acquiring aerial photographs and satellite images has increased rapidly in recent years. Views of the Earth obtained from aircraft or satellites have become valuable tools to Government resource planners and managers, land-use experts, environmentalists, engineers, scientists, and a wide variety of other users.\n\nMany people want historical aerial photographs for business or personal reasons. They may want to locate the boundaries of an old farm or a piece of family property. Or they may want a photograph as a record of changes in their neighborhood, or as a gift.\n\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) maintains the Earth Science Information Centers (ESIC?s) to sell aerial photographs, remotely sensed images from satellites, a wide array of digital geographic and cartographic data, as well as the Bureau?s wellknown maps. Declassified photographs from early spy satellites were recently added to the ESIC offerings of historical images. Using the Aerial Photography Summary Record System database, ESIC researchers can help customers find imagery in the collections of other Federal agencies and, in some cases, those of private companies that specialize in esoteric products.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs12796","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997, Looking for an old aerial photograph: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 127-96, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs12796.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":182,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0127/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":122879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0127/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32096,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0127/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640aa6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":64938,"text":"i2590 - 1997 - Geologic map of the north ramp of the exploratory studies facility at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, stations 3+60 to 4+25 meters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:15","indexId":"i2590","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2590","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Geologic map of the north ramp of the exploratory studies facility at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, stations 3+60 to 4+25 meters","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2590","usgsCitation":"Coe, J.A., 1997, Geologic map of the north ramp of the exploratory studies facility at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, stations 3+60 to 4+25 meters: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2590, 2 maps :some col. ;each 30 x 109 cm., on sheets 90 x 125 cm. and 47 x 125 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. +1 pamphlet (34 p. ; 22 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/i2590.","productDescription":"2 maps :some col. ;each 30 x 109 cm., on sheets 90 x 125 cm. and 47 x 125 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. +1 pamphlet (34 p. ; 22 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108334,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13061.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"13061"},{"id":190063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":260724,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2590/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":260725,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2590/plate-2.pdf"}],"scale":"60","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688a72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":272396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":68095,"text":"ha735E - 1997 - Delineation of flooding within the upper Mississippi River Basin — Flood of July 10 and 27, 1993, in Kansas City Missouri, and Kansas City, Kansas, and vicinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-07T20:59:18.153923","indexId":"ha735E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"735","chapter":"E","title":"Delineation of flooding within the upper Mississippi River Basin — Flood of July 10 and 27, 1993, in Kansas City Missouri, and Kansas City, Kansas, and vicinity","docAbstract":"<p>During spring and summer 1993, record flooding inundated many of the stream and river valleys in the upper Mississippi and the Missouri River Basins. The flooding was the result of widespread and numerous intense thunderstorms that, together with saturated soils, produced large volumes of runoff. The magnitude of flooding exceeded the 100-year discharge values (1-percent chance of exceedance in any given year) at many streamflow-gaging stations in Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. The flooding was unusual because of its long duration and widespread severe damage. The Mississippi and the Missouri Rivers were above flood stage for more than 1 month at several locations along their lengths. Millions of acres of agricultural and urban lands were inundated for weeks, and unofficial damage estimates exceeded $10 billion in the flooded States (Parrett and others, 1993),<br />During summer 1993, large parts of Kansas City, Missouri, and Kansas City, Kansas, and vicinity were flooded from overflows of the Missouri and the Kansas Rivers and numerous smaller tributaries, This report provides flood-peak elevation data and delineates the arcalcktent of the 1993 floods in the Kansas City metropolitan area for July 10 and 27, 1993 (fig. 1A, sheet 1: B, sheet 2: C, sheet 3). The 1993 flood elevations and extent of flooding are compared with flood-plain boundaries defined by Flood Insurance Studies conducted by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for cities and counties in the area (U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 1975&ndash;95).<br />This report is one of a series of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) investigations that document the effects of the 1993 flooding of the upper Mississippi and the Missouri River Basins and that improve the technical base from which flood-plain management decisions can be made by other agencies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha735E","usgsCitation":"Perry, C.A., Clement, R.W., and Studley, S.E., 1997, Delineation of flooding within the upper Mississippi River Basin — Flood of July 10 and 27, 1993, in Kansas City Missouri, and Kansas City, Kansas, and vicinity: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 735, 3 Plates: 50.00 × 35.50 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha735E.","productDescription":"3 Plates: 50.00 × 35.50 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":89359,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/735e/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":408133,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16203.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":89358,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/735e/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89357,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/735e/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Kansas, Missouri","otherGeospatial":"upper Mississippi River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.875,\n              39.033\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.375,\n              39.033\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.375,\n              39.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.875,\n              39.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.875,\n              39.033\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab4e4b07f02db67003c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Charles A. cperry@usgs.gov","contributorId":2093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Charles","email":"cperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":277633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clement, Ralph W.","contributorId":24818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clement","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Studley, Seth E. sstudley@usgs.gov","contributorId":5916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Studley","given":"Seth","email":"sstudley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":277634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":6620,"text":"fs08397 - 1997 - Finding international Landsat data online","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-16T17:16:06","indexId":"fs08397","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"083-97","title":"Finding international Landsat data online","docAbstract":"The Global Land Information System (GLIS) lists Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) and thematic mapper (TM) data available from the participating international ground stations shown below. These databases of the Landsat Ground Station Operations Working Group (LGSOWG) can be searched, but not ordered, using GLIS. To order Landsat scenes identified on the GLIS data search, contact the international ground station where those scenes are available, indicated by the second character of the Entity ID.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs08397","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997, Finding international Landsat data online: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 083-97, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs08397.","productDescription":"1 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122395,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0083/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34060,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0083/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f470d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27702,"text":"wri914059 - 1997 - Geologic framework, hydrogeology, and ground-water quality of the Potomac Group aquifer system, northwestern Charles County, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:40","indexId":"wri914059","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4059","title":"Geologic framework, hydrogeology, and ground-water quality of the Potomac Group aquifer system, northwestern Charles County, Maryland","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri914059","usgsCitation":"Hiortdahl, S.N., 1997, Geologic framework, hydrogeology, and ground-water quality of the Potomac Group aquifer system, northwestern Charles County, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4059, vi, 111 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914059.","productDescription":"vi, 111 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95662,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4059/report.pdf","size":"7406","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":95663,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4059/plate-1.pdf","size":"1032","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":95664,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4059/plate-2.pdf","size":"422","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":95665,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4059/plate-3.pdf","size":"200","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":95666,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4059/plate-4.pdf","size":"213","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158848,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4059/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5684","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hiortdahl, Steven N.","contributorId":32571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiortdahl","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27891,"text":"wri974050 - 1997 - Enhancements to the Branched Lagrangian Transport Modeling System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:40","indexId":"wri974050","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4050","title":"Enhancements to the Branched Lagrangian Transport Modeling System","docAbstract":"The Branched Lagrangian Transport Model (BLTM) has received wide use within the U.S. Geological Survey over the past 10 years. This report documents the enhancements and modifications that have been made to this modeling system since it was first introduced. The programs in the modeling system are arranged into five levels?programs to generate time-series of meteorological data (EQULTMP, SOLAR), programs to process time-series data (INTRP, MRG), programs to build input files for transport model (BBLTM, BQUAL2E), the model with defined reaction kinetics (BLTM, QUAL2E), and post processor plotting programs (CTPLT, CXPLT). An example application is presented to illustrate how the modeling system can be used to simulate 10 water-quality constituents in the Chattahoochee River below Atlanta, Georgia.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974050","usgsCitation":"Jobson, H.E., 1997, Enhancements to the Branched Lagrangian Transport Modeling System: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4050, x, 57 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974050.","productDescription":"x, 57 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2177,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://smig.usgs.gov/SMIG/features_0997/bltm.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db6026df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jobson, Harvey E.","contributorId":27032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jobson","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27682,"text":"wri964281 - 1997 - The one-dimensional compression method for extraction of pore water from unsaturated tuff and effects on pore-water chemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-29T09:18:56","indexId":"wri964281","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4281","title":"The one-dimensional compression method for extraction of pore water from unsaturated tuff and effects on pore-water chemistry","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri964281","usgsCitation":"Higgins, J.D., Burger, P.A., and Yang, I., 1997, The one-dimensional compression method for extraction of pore water from unsaturated tuff and effects on pore-water chemistry: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4281, v, 34 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964281.","productDescription":"v, 34 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":367054,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4281/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159010,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4281/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6493a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Higgins, Jerry D.","contributorId":35353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burger, Paul A.","contributorId":78369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burger","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yang, In","contributorId":72418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"In","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":61526,"text":"mf2311 - 1997 - Logs and Paleoseismic interpretations from Trenches 14C and 14D on the Bow Ridge fault, northeastern Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T08:12:36","indexId":"mf2311","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2311","title":"Logs and Paleoseismic interpretations from Trenches 14C and 14D on the Bow Ridge fault, northeastern Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2311","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Menges, C., Taylor, E.M., Vadurro, J., Cress, O., Murray, M., Lundstrom, S., Paces, J., and Mahan, S., 1997, Logs and Paleoseismic interpretations from Trenches 14C and 14D on the Bow Ridge fault, northeastern Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2311, 4 Plates: 43.98 x 14.14 inches and smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2311.","productDescription":"4 Plates: 43.98 x 14.14 inches and smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2311.jpg"},{"id":284476,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2311/plate-4.pdf"},{"id":284474,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2311/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":284475,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2311/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":284477,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2311/plate-3.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.435,36.845 ], [ -116.435,36.861944 ], [ -116.423889,36.861944 ], [ -116.423889,36.845 ], [ -116.435,36.845 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd64f2e4b0b290850ffc47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Menges, Christopher M.","contributorId":20409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menges","given":"Christopher M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, E. M.","contributorId":55842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vadurro, J.A.","contributorId":55519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vadurro","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cress, O.R.","contributorId":14894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cress","given":"O.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murray, M.H.","contributorId":50171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lundstrom, S.C.","contributorId":53410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundstrom","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Paces, J.B. 0000-0002-9809-8493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":27482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mahan, S. A. 0000-0001-5214-7774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":94333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":5140,"text":"fs10797 - 1997 - Collection and analysis of ground-water samples in the Sierra Vista Basin, Arizona, 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:52","indexId":"fs10797","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"107-97","title":"Collection and analysis of ground-water samples in the Sierra Vista Basin, Arizona, 1996","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs10797","usgsCitation":"Coes, A.L., Gellenbeck, D., and Towne, D., 1997, Collection and analysis of ground-water samples in the Sierra Vista Basin, Arizona, 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 107-97, 1 sheet : ill., map ; 28 cm. ill., map, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs10797.","productDescription":"1 sheet : ill., map ; 28 cm. ill., map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_107_97.bmp"},{"id":550,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/FS/FS-107-97/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae8f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coes, Alissa L. 0000-0001-6682-5417 alcoes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6682-5417","contributorId":4231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coes","given":"Alissa","email":"alcoes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gellenbeck, Dorinda J.","contributorId":13228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellenbeck","given":"Dorinda J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Towne, Doug","contributorId":62208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Towne","given":"Doug","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5072,"text":"fs15397 - 1997 - Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:51","indexId":"fs15397","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"153-97","title":"Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\n[1997]","doi":"10.3133/fs15397","usgsCitation":"Frenzel, S.A., 1997, Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 153-97, 4 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm.; 7 illus., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs15397.","productDescription":"4 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm.; 7 illus.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0153/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31877,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0153/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68653f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frenzel, Steven A. sfrenzel@usgs.gov","contributorId":688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frenzel","given":"Steven","email":"sfrenzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":150372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":54622,"text":"wdrKS961 - 1997 - Water Resources Data, Kansas, Water Year 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:36","indexId":"wdrKS961","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"KS-96-1","title":"Water Resources Data, Kansas, Water Year 1996","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrKS961","usgsCitation":"Putnam, J., Lacock, D., Schneider, D., Carlson, M., and Dague, B., 1997, Water Resources Data, Kansas, Water Year 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report KS-96-1, 498 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrKS961.","productDescription":"498 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb84e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Putnam, J.E.","contributorId":54634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Putnam","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lacock, D.L.","contributorId":20003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacock","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schneider, D.R.","contributorId":67579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carlson, M.D.","contributorId":66288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dague, B.J.","contributorId":45723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dague","given":"B.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":6665,"text":"fs19896 - 1997 - Activities of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program in the upper Snake River Basin, Idaho and western Wyoming, 1991-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-17T19:30:58","indexId":"fs19896","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"198-96","title":"Activities of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program in the upper Snake River Basin, Idaho and western Wyoming, 1991-2001","docAbstract":"In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a full-scale National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. The long-term goals of the NAWQA Program are to describe the status and trends in the water quality of a large part of the Nation's rivers and aquifers and to improve understanding of the primary natural and human factors that affect water-quality conditions. In meeting these goals, the program will produce water-quality, ecological, and geographic information that will be useful to policy makers and managers at the national, State, and local levels. A major component of the program is study-unit investigations, upon which national-level assessment activities are based. The program's 60 study-unit investigations are associated with principal river basins and aquifer systems throughout the Nation. Study units encompass areas from 1,200 to more than 65,000 mi2 (square miles) and incorporate about 60 to 70 percent of the Nation's water use and population served by public water supply. In 1991, the upper Snake River Basin was among the first 20 NAWQA study units selected for implementation. From 1991 to 1995, a high-intensity data-collection phase of the upper Snake River Basin study unit (fig. 1) was implemented and completed. Components of this phase are described in a report by Gilliom and others (1995). In 1997, a low-intensity phase of data collection began, and work continued on data analysis, report writing, and data documentation and archiving activities that began in 1996. Principal data-collection activities during the low-intensity phase will include monitoring of surface-water and ground-water quality, assessment of aquatic biological conditions, and continued compilation of environmental setting information.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs19896","collaboration":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Low, W.H., 1997, Activities of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program in the upper Snake River Basin, Idaho and western Wyoming, 1991-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 198-96, 1 sheet : col. maps ; 43 x 28 cm. folded to 22 x 28 cm. col. maps ; HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs19896.","productDescription":"1 sheet : col. maps ; 43 x 28 cm. folded to 22 x 28 cm. col. maps ; HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_198_96.jpg"},{"id":723,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0198","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.06,41.00 ], [ -111.06,45.01 ], [ -104.05,45.01 ], [ -104.05,41.00 ], [ -111.06,41.00 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a32fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Low, Walton H.","contributorId":92672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Low","given":"Walton","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5453,"text":"fs04597 - 1997 - Revision and product generation software","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":5453,"text":"fs04597 - 1997 - Revision and product generation software","indexId":"fs04597","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Revision and product generation software"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":5454,"text":"fs07699 - 1999 - Revision and Product Generation Software","indexId":"fs07699","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Revision and Product Generation Software"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":5454,"text":"fs07699 - 1999 - Revision and Product Generation Software","indexId":"fs07699","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Revision and Product Generation Software"},"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-10T08:38:07","indexId":"fs04597","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"045-97","title":"Revision and product generation software","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed revision and product generation (RevPG) software for updating digital line graph (DLG) data and producing maps from such data. This software is based on ARC/INFO, a geographic information system from Environmental Systems Resource Institute (ESRI). RevPG consists of ARC/INFO Arc Macro Language (AML) programs, C routines, and interface menus that permit operators to collect vector data using aerial images, to symbolize the data on-screen, and to produce plots and color-separated files for use in printing maps.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs04597","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997, Revision and product generation software: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 045-97, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs04597.","productDescription":"1 p.","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":286103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0045-97/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":286102,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0045-97/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602cc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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