Detailed velocity distributions within the benthic turbulent boundary layer were measured by a Broad Band Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (BB-ADCP) in South San Francisco Bay, California. In \"mode 5\", the BB-ADCP was able to measure velocity in 5 cm increments. The validation of these measurements was achieved by comparing the BB-ADCP measurements with the velocities measured by a Narrow Band Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (NB-ADCP) in close proximity. There were thirty-three (33) velocity time-series measured by the BB-ADCP beginning at 7 cm above bed and extending to 175 cm in water column for about two weeks. The velocities from locations at 7 cm and 12 cm above the bed were determined to be of lower accuracy, and they were not used in estimates of friction velocity, u.. The values of u. at 95% confidence level were determined with relative error less than 20%. The time-series of u. varied with velocity outside of the boundary layer, and responded to spring-neap tidal variations. Attempts to use acoustic backscatterance echo intensity to measure suspended sediment concentration showed prom ise, and merit consideration in future studies.
","conferenceTitle":"International Biennial Conference on Physics of Estuaries and Coastal Seas","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education & Research Foundation, Inc.","usgsCitation":"Cheng, R.T., Gartner, J.W., and Smith, R.E., 1997, Bottom boundary layer in south San Francisco Bay, California: Journal of Coastal Research, v. Special Issue 25, p. 49-62.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"62","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314118,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314117,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/25736105"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.40829467773436,\n 37.80761398306056\n ],\n [\n -122.39181518554686,\n 37.59464778787345\n ],\n [\n -122.26684570312499,\n 37.56199695314352\n ],\n [\n -122.09793090820311,\n 37.42906945530329\n ],\n [\n -121.91940307617188,\n 37.43343148473673\n ],\n [\n -121.93313598632812,\n 37.49338360812417\n ],\n [\n -122.04574584960938,\n 37.529331802815086\n ],\n [\n -122.08831787109375,\n 37.6000882015635\n ],\n [\n -122.1514892578125,\n 37.67729913640427\n ],\n [\n -122.21878051757811,\n 37.763115548102924\n ],\n [\n -122.31903076171875,\n 37.8271414168374\n ],\n [\n -122.40829467773436,\n 37.80761398306056\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"Special Issue 25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5694e03ee4b039675d005df8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheng, Ralph T.","contributorId":69134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":77524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Richard E.","contributorId":40606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":27970,"text":"wri964043 - 1996 - Hydrogeology of the Tully Valley and characterization of mudboil activity, Onondaga County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-09T20:15:31.085502","indexId":"wri964043","displayToPublicDate":"2026-06-02T12:30:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4043","displayTitle":"Hydrogeology of the Tully Valley and Characterization of Mudboil Activity, Onondaga County, New York","title":"Hydrogeology of the Tully Valley and characterization of mudboil activity, Onondaga County, New York","docAbstract":"Mudboil activity in the Tully Valley, in central New York, is causing turbidity in nearby Onondaga Creek, where it has caused a bridge to collapse; it also has threatened or damaged other structures and has caused extensive land subsidence. Mudboil activity was intermittent from its first reported appearance in the 1890's until the 1970's, when the rates of mudboil discharge and land subsidence began to increase. Historically, the water discharged from mudboils was reported as fresh, but chemical analyses in the late 1970's indicated an increase in specific conductance and chloride concentration.
Mudboil discharge is driven by artesian pressure in unconsolidated sediments that are confined by a 60-foot layer of silt and red clay. This process, once begun, has been self-propagating. Artesian pressures are about 20 feet above land surface over most of the valley floor but exceed 30 feet above land surface along Onondaga Creek where Rattlesnake Gulf and Rainbow Creek enter the Tully Valley. The source of artesian pressure is recharge from the Tully (Valley Heads) Moraine at the south end of the valley, and the alluvial fans of Rattlesnake Gulf and Rainbow Creek. The mudboils are found within a 300-foot-wide by 1,500-foot-long corridor along Onondaga Creek just upstream from the two alluvial fans, and in a 5-acre subsided area just west of that corridor.
Remediation efforts have entailed (1) diversion of flow from the tributary that feeds the subsided area, (2) installation of depressurizing wells at several locations, and (3) construction of a dam and settling impoundment to detain mudboil sediment that would normally discharge to Onondaga Creek. These efforts have been partly successful, but further work is needed to slow the mudboil activity, which is expected to persist in both areas. Mudboil activity is normally greatest during the early spring and late fall, when artesian pressures increase in response to seasonal ground-water recharge.
Suspended-sediment concentrations at the out-flow of the subsidence area ranged from 31,210 mg/L (milligrams per liter) in October 1991 to 17 mg/L after remediation efforts in the summer of 1993. Yearly average suspended-sediment loads to Onondaga Creek from the subsidence area for water years 1992, 1993, 1994, and 1995 were 29.8, 9.75, 1.41, and 1.80 tons per day, respectively. Sediment discharged from the mudboils initially was 30 to 60 percent clay and 80 to 100 percent silt-sized or smaller sediment, and the sand fraction never exceeded 20 percent. After the remediation projects, 50 to 80 percent was clay, and nearly all sediment was silt size or smaller.
Analyses of water from upstream and downstream of the subsidence area, as well as from mudboil vents within that area, indicate that the source of water for some mudboils is a confined freshwater aquifer, whereas for others it is an underlying, brackish-water aquifer. Water from the freshwater aquifer has specific conductance values ranging from about 400 (μS/cm (microsiemens per centimeter at 25° Celsius) to almost 900 (μS/cm, dissolved chloride concentrations range from 37 to 430 mg/L, and dissolved-solids concentrations range from 215 to 463 mg/L. Specific conductance of water from the brackish-water aquifer ranges from 17,000 to 28,000 (μS/cm, chloride concentrations range from 2,000 to 7,100 mg/L, and dissolved-solids concentrations range from 4,200 to 12,800 mg/L.
The largest landslide in New York State in the last 75 years occurred at the foot of Bare Mountain, 1 mile downstream from the mudboil area, in April 1993 and was the fourth in a series of slides that have occurred at the base of this hill. Slope instability was reported as early as May 1990. After the slide, intermittent mudboil-like activity was observed at several springs within the backscarp of the slide; water from these springs ranged from fresh to brackish. The chemical similarity between water from some springs in the backscarp area and water in the lower (brackish) aquifer beneath the mudboil area may indicate a hydraulic connection between this aquifer and the surficial deposits.
Hydrologic changes in the valley during the last 100 years have been attributed to salt-solution mining in the upstream (southern) end of the valley. The removal of nearly 150 feet of salt from four evaporite beds in the Syracuse Shale of the Salina Group has caused the collapse of bedrock and unconsolidated deposits in and near the brine field, 3 miles south of the mudboil area. These collapses have created a hydraulic connection among bedding plane aquifers in the bedrock and increased the hydraulic connection with unconsolidated aquifers. The ground-water flow system after brine field closure in 1988 may have reached a new semiequilibrium, but mudboil activity will likely continue because artesian pressures remain. Whether mudboils were present before salt solution-mining began is unknown.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri964043","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Onondaga Lake Management Conference and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 2","usgsCitation":"Kappel, W.M., Sherwood, D.A., and Johnston, W.H., 1996, Hydrogeology of the Tully Valley and characterization of mudboil activity, Onondaga County, New York (ver. 1.1, June 2026): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96–4043, viii, 71 p.,\nhttps://doi.org/10.3133/wri964043.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 71 p.","numberOfPages":"71","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":504889,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4043/images"},{"id":411595,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48410.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":56791,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4043/wrir964043.pdf","size":"31.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 96-4043 PDF"},{"id":504888,"rank":4,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4043/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":504887,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4043/wrir964043_versionhist.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Onondaga County","otherGeospatial":"Tully Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.175,\n 42.8972\n ],\n [\n -76.175,\n 42.8\n ],\n [\n -76.125,\n 42.8\n ],\n [\n -76.125,\n 42.8972\n ],\n [\n -76.175,\n 42.8972\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: 1996; Version 1.1: June 2, 2026","tableOfContents":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
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No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Washington, Seattle","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., 1996, Experimental studies of deposition by debris flows: Process, characteristics of deposits, and effects of pore-fluid pressure, 341 p.","productDescription":"341 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":382500,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5223133,"text":"5223133 - 1996 - Natural history museums and cyberspace","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-16T16:19:33.634804","indexId":"5223133","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2794,"text":"Museum International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural history museums and cyberspace","docAbstract":"‘The museums have been reincarnated in electronic form.’ So say three experts from the Smithsonian Institution, who describe how the latest technologies are plunging the museum straight into the heart of the battle to safeguard biodiversity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0033.1996.tb01301.x","usgsCitation":"Wemmer, C., Erixon-Stanford, M., and Gardner, A.L., 1996, Natural history museums and cyberspace: Museum International, v. 48, no. 2, p. 35-39, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0033.1996.tb01301.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"39","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199838,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0d2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wemmer, C.","contributorId":10903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wemmer","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erixon-Stanford, M.","contributorId":21254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erixon-Stanford","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gardner, A. L.","contributorId":97213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"A.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180268,"text":"70180268 - 1996 - Effects of supplementation with hatchery fish on carrying capacity and productivity of naturally spawning populations of steelhead","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-26T13:25:39","indexId":"70180268","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effects of supplementation with hatchery fish on carrying capacity and productivity of naturally spawning populations of steelhead","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings from a workshop on ecological carrying capacity of salmonids in the Columbia Basin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administation","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Reisenbichler, R., 1996, Effects of supplementation with hatchery fish on carrying capacity and productivity of naturally spawning populations of steelhead, in Proceedings from a workshop on ecological carrying capacity of salmonids in the Columbia Basin, p. 81-92.","productDescription":"12 p. ","startPage":"81","endPage":"92","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334059,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588b1979e4b0ad67323f9820","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Johnson, G. E.","contributorId":103261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":661014,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neitzel, D.A.","contributorId":100905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neitzel","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661015,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mavros, W.V.","contributorId":178799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mavros","given":"W.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661016,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Reisenbichler, R.R.","contributorId":77356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reisenbichler","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70179410,"text":"70179410 - 1996 - Toxicity of inorganic contaminants, individually and in environmental mixtures, to three endangered fishes (Colorado squawfish, bonytail, and razorback sucker)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-31T14:49:58","indexId":"70179410","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of inorganic contaminants, individually and in environmental mixtures, to three endangered fishes (Colorado squawfish, bonytail, and razorback sucker)","docAbstract":"Two life stages of three federally-listed endangered fishes, Colorado squawfish (Ptychocheilus lucius), bonytail (Gila elegans), and razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) were exposed to copper, selenate, selenite, and zinc individually, and to mixtures of nine inorganics in a reconstituted water that simulated the water quality of the middle Green River, Utah. The mixtures simulated environmental ratios of arsenate, boron, copper, molybdenum, selenate, selenite, uranium, vanadium, and zinc in two tributaries, Ashley Creek and Stewart Lake outlet, of the middle Green River. The rank order of toxicity of the individual inorganics, from most to least toxic, was: copper > zinc > selenite > selenate. Colorado squawfish larvae were more sensitive to all four inorganics and the two mixtures than the juveniles, whereas there was no consistent response between the two life stages for the other two species. There was no consistent difference in sensitivity to the inorganics among the three endangered fishes. Both mixtures exhibited either additive or greater than additive toxicity to these fishes. The primary toxic components in the mixtures, based on toxic units, were copper and zinc. Acute toxicity values were compared to measured environmental concentrations in the two tributaries to derive margins of uncertainty. Margins of uncertainty were low for both mixtures (9–22 for the Stewart Lake outlet mixture, and 12–32 for the Ashley Creek mixture), indicating that mixtures of inorganics derived from irrigation activities may pose a hazard to endangered fishes in the Green River.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00211332","usgsCitation":"Buhl, K.J., and Hamilton, S.J., 1996, Toxicity of inorganic contaminants, individually and in environmental mixtures, to three endangered fishes (Colorado squawfish, bonytail, and razorback sucker): Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 30, no. 1, p. 84-92, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00211332.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"84","endPage":"92","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332713,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5868d225e4b0cd2dabe7c805","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buhl, Kevin J. 0000-0002-9963-2352 kevin_buhl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-2352","contributorId":1396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhl","given":"Kevin","email":"kevin_buhl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamilton, S. J.","contributorId":27817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70179413,"text":"70179413 - 1996 - Toxicity of fire retardant chemicals to aquatic organisms: Progress report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T13:47:42","indexId":"70179413","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Toxicity of fire retardant chemicals to aquatic organisms: Progress report","docAbstract":"Fire retardants and suppressants used extensively in North America are often applied in environmentally sensitive areas that may contain endangered, threatened, or economically important plant and animal species. We conducted laboratory acute toxicity tests in both hard and soft waters with five commonly used fire control chemicals (Fire Trol LCG-R, Fire-Trol GTS-R, Phos-Chek D-75-F, Phos-Chek WD-881, and Silv-Ex). Organisms used in the tests included two fish (rainbow trout and fathead minnow), two aquatic invertebrates (Daphnia magna and Hyalella azteca), and a green algae (Selenastrum capricornutum). In general, the green algae was substantially more sensitive to the three non-foam fire chemicals than the animals, the Daphnia were the most sensitive test organism in exposures with foams. The two foams (Silv-Ex and Phos-Chek WD-881) had similar toxicity and were more toxic than the three non-foams. Water quality did not seem to modify the toxicity of the five fire chemicals in a consistent manner.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings: International Wildland Fire Foam Symposium and Workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Wildland Fire Foam Symposium and Workshop","conferenceDate":"3-5 May, 1994","conferenceLocation":"Thunder Bay, ON","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Forest Service","publisherLocation":"Chalk River, ON","isbn":"0662240693","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, S., McDonald, S.F., Gaikowski, M., and Buhl, K.J., 1996, Toxicity of fire retardant chemicals to aquatic organisms: Progress report, in Proceedings: International Wildland Fire Foam Symposium and Workshop, Thunder Bay, ON, 3-5 May, 1994, p. 132-144.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"132","endPage":"144","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332715,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/publications?id=25698"}],"publicComments":"Canadian Forest Service Publications Information Report (Petawawa) PI-X-123","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5868d225e4b0cd2dabe7c803","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Ramsey, G.S.","contributorId":177805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramsey","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13584,"text":"Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657161,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, Steven J.","contributorId":174108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Steven J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, Susan F.","contributorId":33285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":140353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark P.","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":657159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buhl, Kevin J. 0000-0002-9963-2352 kevin_buhl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-2352","contributorId":1396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhl","given":"Kevin","email":"kevin_buhl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70179982,"text":"70179982 - 1996 - Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T15:28:53","indexId":"70179982","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":110,"text":"Cooperative Investigations Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"36","title":"Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 1996","docAbstract":"This is the thirty-third in a series of annual reports that describe ground-water conditions in Utah. Reports in this series, published cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources, provide data to enable interested parties to keep abreast of changing ground-water conditions.
This report, like the others in the series, contains information on well construction, ground-water withdrawal from wells, water-level changes, related changes in precipitation and streamflow, and chemical quality of water. Supplementary data, such as maps showing water-level contours, are included in reports of this series only for those years or areas for which applicable data are available and are important to a discussion of changing ground-water conditions.
This report includes individual discussions of selected significant areas of ground-water development in the State for calendar year 1995. Most of the reported data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Divisions of Water Rights and Water Resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources and Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Steiger, J., Gerner, S., Sory, J., Burden, C.B., Loving, B., Danner, M., Herbert, L.R., Hadley, H., Enright, M., Slaugh, B., Swenson, R., Howells, J., Christiansen, H., and Brockner, S., 1996, Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 1996: Cooperative Investigations Report 36, vii, 89 p.","productDescription":"vii, 89 p.","numberOfPages":"97","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333640,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333639,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=50-1-169"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5883303ae4b0d00231637814","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steiger, J.I.","contributorId":105716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steiger","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gerner, S.J.","contributorId":16083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerner","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sory, J.D.","contributorId":178510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sory","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burden, Carole B. cburden@usgs.gov","contributorId":852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burden","given":"Carole","email":"cburden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Loving, B.L.","contributorId":83705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loving","given":"B.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Danner, M.R.","contributorId":178514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Danner","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Herbert, L. R.","contributorId":39865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herbert","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hadley, H.K.","contributorId":61086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hadley","given":"H.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Enright, Michael","contributorId":99979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enright","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Slaugh, B.A.","contributorId":178515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slaugh","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Swenson, R.L.","contributorId":178508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swenson","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Howells, J.H.","contributorId":178516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howells","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Christiansen, H.K.","contributorId":178517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christiansen","given":"H.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Brockner, S.J.","contributorId":56307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brockner","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70179987,"text":"70179987 - 1996 - Ground-water development in Utah and effects on ground-water levels and chemical quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T15:51:56","indexId":"70179987","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":110,"text":"Cooperative Investigations Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"37","title":"Ground-water development in Utah and effects on ground-water levels and chemical quality","docAbstract":"Systematic ground-water development began in Utah shortly after settlement by Mormon pioneers in 1847. By 1939, about 230,000 acrefeet per year of ground water was being withdrawn from wells for irrigation, public supply, industrial use, and rural-domestic and stock supply. Withdrawals increased from about 600,000 to 700,000 acre-feet per year during 1963-67 to about 800,000 to 900,000 acre-feet per year during 1989-93, with a peak of 940,000 acre-feet in 1990.
Most ground-water withdrawals from wells have been from unconsolidated basin-fill deposits in 13 areas along or near the eastern edge of the Basin and Range Province, which extends from the northern edge of Utah to its southwestern part. The proportions of withdrawals for various uses have changed; in 1964, 72 percent of withdrawals was for irrigation and II percent for public supply, whereas in 1993,64 percent was for irrigation and 21 percent for public supply.
Long-term withdrawals from wells have caused declines in water levels in parts of western Utah from the 1940's and 1950's to 1994; the withdrawals apparently have caused local increases in dissolved-solids concentrations in ground water. Water levels have declined as much as 67 feet owing to withdrawals for public supply and industrial use in northwestern Utah, and as much as 88 feet owing to withdrawals for irrigation in southwestern Utah. Declines of this magnitude, however, are confined to local areas of large withdrawals. Withdrawals for irrigation apparently have caused increases in dissolved-solids concentrations in ground water in at least six irrigated areas of western Utah. Minor land subsidence related to compaction of basin-fill deposits caused by water-level declines has been observed locally in southwestern Utah.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources and Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources and Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Gates, J., and Allen, D.V., 1996, Ground-water development in Utah and effects on ground-water levels and chemical quality: Cooperative Investigations Report 37, iv, 20 p.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5883303ae4b0d00231637812","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gates, Joseph S.","contributorId":21647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gates","given":"Joseph S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, David V.","contributorId":75989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70179470,"text":"70179470 - 1996 - Numerical simulation of solute transport in southwestern Salt Lake Valley, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T10:51:21","indexId":"70179470","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"110-D","title":"Numerical simulation of solute transport in southwestern Salt Lake Valley, Utah","docAbstract":"Contaminated ground water characterized by high concentrations of dissolved solids and dissolved sulfate, and in areas, by low pH and elevated concentrations of metals, is present near public-supply wells in the southwestern Salt Lake Valley. To provide State officials and water users with information concerning the potential movement of contaminated ground water to points of withdrawal in the area, an analysis of solute transport using computer models was done by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, and local municipalities and water users.
A three-dimensional solute-transport model was developed and couples with an existing ground-water flow model of Salt Lake Valley to simulate the movement of dissolved sulfate in ground water in southwestern Salt Lake Valley. Development and calibration of the transport model focused mainly on sulfate movement down-gradient from the Bingham Creek Reservoirs and the South Jordan evaporation ponds east of the mouth of Bingham Canyon. Estimates of transport parameters were adjusted during a calibration simulation representing conditions during 1965-93. After calibration, the transport model was used to simulate future sulfate movement for 1994-2043.
Because of uncertainty in estimated transport-parameter values, three projection transport simulations incorporating a range of probable parameter values were done to evaluate future sulfate movement and changes in sulfate concentrations at selected public-supply wells. These projection simulations produced a possible range of computed transport rates and patterns. In general, the projection simulations indicated movement of the sulfate plume east of the Bingham Creek reservoir toward public-supply wells northeast of the reservoirs and then eastward toward the Jordan River. Ground water with high concentrations of sulfate east of the South Jordan evaporation ponds is simulated as moving west to east under the Jordan River towards public-supply wells during the final 25 years of the simulation period. An increase in sulfate concentration from 200 mg/l in 2006 to 4,100 mg/l in 2022 was the largest simulated increase at public-supply wells northeast of the reservoirs. An increase in sulfate concentration from 150 mg/l in 2024 to 340 mg/l in 2043 was the largest simulated increase at public-supply wells in the south-central Salt Lake Valley just east of the Jordan River.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Lambert, P., 1996, Numerical simulation of solute transport in southwestern Salt Lake Valley, Utah: Technical Publication 110-D, vi, 44 p.","productDescription":"vi, 44 p.","numberOfPages":"53","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332778,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341630,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docImport/0588/05885651.pdf"},{"id":332776,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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Lake\",\"state\":\"UT\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586cc6bbe4b0f5ce109fa9a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lambert, P. M.","contributorId":74380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70179267,"text":"70179267 - 1996 - Use of behavioral avoidance testing in natural resource damage assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-27T12:16:59","indexId":"70179267","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5244,"text":"ASTM Symposium on Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":19}},"title":"Use of behavioral avoidance testing in natural resource damage assessment","docAbstract":"Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) provisions established under federal and state statutes enable natural resource trustees to recover compensation from responsible parties to restore injured natural resources. Behavioral avoidance testing with fish has been used in NRDAs to determine injuries to natural resources and to establish restoration thresholds. In this manuscript we evaluate the use of avoidance testing to NRDA. Specifically, we discuss potential “acceptance criteria” to evaluate the applicability and relevance of avoidance testing. These acceptance criteria include: (1) regulatory relevance, (2) reproducibility of testing, (3) ecological significance, (4) quality assurance/quality control, and (5) relevance to restoration. We discuss each of these criteria with respect to avoidance testing. Overall, we conclude that avoidance testing can be an appropriate, defensible, and desirable aspect of an NRDA.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental toxicology and risk assessment: Biomarkers and risk assessment: Fifth volume","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"ASTM Fifth Symposium on Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment","conferenceDate":"April, 1995","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","publisher":"ASTM International","doi":"10.1520/STP11717S","issn":"1071-720X ","isbn":"0-8031-2031-1","usgsCitation":"Lipton, J., Little, E.E., Marr, J., and DeLonay, A., 1996, Use of behavioral avoidance testing in natural resource damage assessment, in Environmental toxicology and risk assessment: Biomarkers and risk assessment: Fifth volume, v. 5, Denver, CO, April, 1995, p. 310-322, https://doi.org/10.1520/STP11717S.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"310","endPage":"322","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332535,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332534,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/STP/PAGES/STP11717S.htm"}],"volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585f9765e4b01224f329bf67","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bengston, David A.","contributorId":112567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bengston","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656604,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henshel, Diane S.","contributorId":87506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henshel","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656605,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Lipton, J.","contributorId":15841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipton","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Little, E. E.","contributorId":13187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Little","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":656601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marr, J.C.A.","contributorId":94108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marr","given":"J.C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeLonay, A. J. 0000-0002-3752-2799","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3752-2799","contributorId":34246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLonay","given":"A. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70179245,"text":"70179245 - 1996 - Use of the semipermeable membrane device (SPMD) to sample polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution in a lotic system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T17:42:53","indexId":"70179245","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5242,"text":"Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds","onlineIssn":"1563-5333","printIssn":"1040-6638","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of the semipermeable membrane device (SPMD) to sample polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution in a lotic system","docAbstract":"Relative concentrations of aqueous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were investigated in an urban creek. Samples were obtained at five sites within a 600-m segment of the creek that is critical habitat for an endangered species of fish. the sampling technique entailed immersion of semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) in the water for intervals as long as 64 d. SPMDs are passive, in situ, mtegrative samplers of bioavailable (truly dissolved) PAH and other hydrophobic organic contaminants. Two point sources of PAH to the 600-m segment of the creek were differentiated. Aqueous concentrations were found to wane dramatically over the relatively short section of the creek between the point sources. All samples were almost devoid of alkyl-substituted PAH, indicating that the ultimate sources were probably of pyrogenic nature.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10406639608048334","usgsCitation":"Lebo, J.A., Zajicek, J.L., Orazio, C.E., Petty, J.D., Huckins, J., and Douglas, E.H., 1996, Use of the semipermeable membrane device (SPMD) to sample polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution in a lotic system: Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds, v. 8, no. 1, p. 53-65, https://doi.org/10.1080/10406639608048334.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"65","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332487,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585cf500e4b01224f329bcd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lebo, Jon A.","contributorId":176696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lebo","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zajicek, James L. jzajicek@usgs.gov","contributorId":2775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zajicek","given":"James","email":"jzajicek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":656519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orazio, Carl E. 0000-0002-2532-9668 corazio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2532-9668","contributorId":1366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orazio","given":"Carl","email":"corazio@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Petty, Jimmie D.","contributorId":175402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petty","given":"Jimmie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huckins, James","contributorId":175344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huckins","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Douglas, Ernest H.","contributorId":177649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Douglas","given":"Ernest","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":656523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70179114,"text":"70179114 - 1996 - Hydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in Juab Valley, Juab County, Utah.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-30T10:12:24","indexId":"70179114","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"114","title":"Hydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in Juab Valley, Juab County, Utah.","docAbstract":"Plans to import water to Juab Valley, Utah, primarily for irrigation, are part of the Central Utah Project. A better understanding of the hydrology of the valley is needed to help manage the water resources and to develop conjunctive-use plans.
The saturated unconsolidated basin-fill deposits form the ground-water system in Juab Valley. Recharge is by seepage from streams, unconsumed irrigation water, and distribution systems; infiltration of precipitation; and subsurface inflow from consolidated rocks that surround the valley. Discharge is by wells, springs, seeps, evapotranspiration, and subsurface outflow to consolidated rocks. Ground-water pumpage is used to supplement surface water for irrigation in most of the valley and has altered the direction of groundwater flow from that of pre-ground-water development time in areas near and in Nephi and Levan.
Greater-than-average precipitation during 1980-87 corresponds with a rise in water levels measured in most wells in the valley and the highest water level measured in some wells. Less-than average precipitation during 1988-91 corresponds with a decline in water levels measured during 1988-93 in most wells. Geochemical analyses indicate that the sources of dissolved ions in water sampled from the southern part of the valley are the Arapien Shale, evaporite deposits that occur in the unconsolidated basin-fill deposits, and possibly residual sea water that has undergone evaporation in unconsolidated basin-fill deposits in selected areas. Water discharging from a spring at Burriston Ponds is a mixture of about 70 percent ground water from a hypothesized flow path that extends downgradient from where Salt Creek enters Juab Valley and 30 percent from a hypothesized flow path from the base of the southern Wasatch Range.
The ground-water system of Juab Valley was simulated by using the U.S. Geological Survey modular, three-dimensional, finite-difference, ground-water flow model. The numerical model was calibrated to simulate the steady-state conditions of 1949, multi-year transient-state conditions during 1949-92, and seasonal transient-state conditions during 1992-94. Calibration parameters were adjusted until model-computed water levels reasonably matched measured water levels. Parameters important to the calibration process include horizontal hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, and the spatial distribution and amount of recharge from subsurface inflow and seepage from ephemeral streams to the east side of Juab Valley.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00357529.1996.11761532","usgsCitation":"Modreski, P., and Aumente-Modreski, R., 1996, Fluorescent minerals: A review: Rocks and Minerals Magazine, v. 71, no. 1, p. 14-22, https://doi.org/10.1080/00357529.1996.11761532.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227449,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1282e4b0c8380cd54331","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Modreski, P.J.","contributorId":98335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Modreski","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aumente-Modreski, R.","contributorId":50413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aumente-Modreski","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70174586,"text":"70174586 - 1996 - Choosing optimum station configurations for summarizing water quality characteristics, in 1994 Annual Report, San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances: San Francisco Estuary Institute","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T10:53:32","indexId":"70174586","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-10T06:30:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"title":"Choosing optimum station configurations for summarizing water quality characteristics, in 1994 Annual Report, San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances: San Francisco Estuary Institute","docAbstract":"One of the central problems in regional monitoring is choosing a station array that accurately reflects the distribution of values for the entire region of interest. For time-consuming or expensive measurements, an additional goal is to make the number of sampling locations and times as small as possible. These problems are probably most difficult in estuaries because of the relatively large variability on many different spatial and temporal scales. This high variability often means that comprehensive historical data are not available for accurately assessing sparser sampling efforts. It also implies that a higher frequency of sampling in space and time is required compared to other water bodies.
\nIn this report, we focus on selection of an “optimum” station configuration for the channel of San Francisco Bay for vertical profiling of water quality. Our analysis is based on the monthly cruises conducted by the USGS under the auspices of the Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances (Caffrey et al. 1994; SFEI 1994). The underlying rationale for undertaking the analysis is that the distribution of trace substances is structured, at least in part, by the same forces acting on water quality parameters. This must be true to some extent, as trace substance concentrations are partially dependent on water quality characteristics such as salinity. On the other hand, the quantitative importance of these parameters in accounting for overall variability in individual trace substances is unknown. Furthermore, trace substances have their own unique sources, and these sources may dominate their distribution.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"1994 Annual Report: San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"San Francisco Estuary Institute and the Aquatic Science Center","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J.E., Cole, B.E., Caffrey, J., and Jassby, A., 1996, Choosing optimum station configurations for summarizing water quality characteristics, in 1994 Annual Report, San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances: San Francisco Estuary Institute, 13 p.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"197","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1994-01-01","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325193,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325190,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.sfei.org/sites/default/files/biblio_files/1994_RMP_Annual_Report.pdf","text":"1994 Annual Report: San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances","size":"3.66 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"1994 Annual Report: San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Francisco","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.03314208984374,\n 37.14499280340638\n ],\n [\n -123.03314208984374,\n 38.30933576918588\n ],\n [\n -121.2506103515625,\n 38.30933576918588\n ],\n [\n -121.2506103515625,\n 37.14499280340638\n ],\n [\n -123.03314208984374,\n 37.14499280340638\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5787662ee4b0d27deb36e17d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, Brian E.","contributorId":18357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caffrey, J.M.","contributorId":98750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caffrey","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jassby, A.D.","contributorId":43798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jassby","given":"A.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175260,"text":"70175260 - 1996 - Suspended-solids flux at a shallow-water site in south San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-15T15:32:25","indexId":"70175260","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-12T06:15:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Suspended-solids flux at a shallow-water site in south San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"Time series measurements of current velocity and suspended solids-concentration (SSC) made during December 1993 and March 1994 at a shallow-water site in South San Francisco Bay were used to estimate and compare suspended-solids flux during the two periods. In December, the average residual flux at the site was 2.88 g/m/s, to the northeast, whereas in March the average residual flux was four times greater, 12.2 g/m/s, and was directed to the southeast, the direction of flood tide. Residual flux was decomposed and the three components that accounted for most of the flux were analyzed: residual advective flux (Stokes drift flux (u'h'c), and dispersive flux, which is the tidal cycle correlation between velocity and SSC (u'h'c). During both periods, the Stokes drift flux was to the north, and the dispersive flux was to the southeast. In December, these two components, with nearly opposite directions, had the greatest magnitudes, resulting in a lower total residual flux. In March, the residual advective flux was greater than the Stokes drift flux and was in the same direction as the dispersive flux because of a southeasterly residual current. Wind data indicate that the residual current in March was induced by persistent northwest winds. The southeasterly dispersive flux in March and December was due to generally higher SSC on flood than ebb tides. Increases in SSC frequently occurred at low water (before flood tides). Comparison of calculated bottom orbital velocities to SSC identified wind waves as a mechanism of resuspension.
","conferenceTitle":"North American Water and Environment Congress and Destructive Water: Proceedings of the Congress sponsored by Environmental Engineering, Water Resources Engineering, Water Resources Planning & Management Divisions of the American Society of Civil Engineers and Abstracts of the Destructive Water Conference","conferenceDate":"June 24-28, 1996","conferenceLocation":"Anaheim, CA","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Lacy, J.R., Schoellhamer, D., and Burau, J.R., 1996, Suspended-solids flux at a shallow-water site in south San Francisco Bay, California, North American Water and Environment Congress and Destructive Water: Proceedings of the Congress sponsored by Environmental Engineering, Water Resources Engineering, Water Resources Planning & Management Divisions of the American Society of Civil Engineers and Abstracts of the Destructive Water Conference, Anaheim, CA, June 24-28, 1996.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1993-12-01","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":326049,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315d1e4b006cb45558bab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lacy, Jessica R. 0000-0002-2797-6172 jlacy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-6172","contributorId":3158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"Jessica","email":"jlacy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burau, Jon R. 0000-0002-5196-5035 jrburau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-5035","contributorId":1500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burau","given":"Jon","email":"jrburau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70175055,"text":"70175055 - 1996 - The developing framework of marine ecotoxicology: Pollutants as a variable in marine ecosystems?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-06T06:46:48","indexId":"70175055","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-30T08:15:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2277,"text":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The developing framework of marine ecotoxicology: Pollutants as a variable in marine ecosystems?","docAbstract":"Marine ecosystems include a subset in which at least some interrelated geochemical, biochemical, physiological, population and community characteristics are changed by pollutants. Moderate contamination is relatively widespread in coastal and estuarine ecosystems, so the subset of ecosystems with at least some processes affected could be relatively large. Pollutant influences have changed and will probably continue to change on time scales of decades. Biological exposures and dose in such ecosystems are species-specific and determined by how the species is exposed to different environmental media and the geochemistry of individual pollutants within those media. Bioaccumulation models offer significant promise for interpreting such exposures. Biological responses to pollutants need to be more directly linked to exposure and dose. At the level of the individual this might be improved by better understanding relationships between tissue concentrations of pollutants and responses to pollutants. Multi-discipline field and laboratory studies combined with advanced understanding of some basic processes have reduced the ambiguities in interpreting a few physiological/organismic responses to pollutants in nature. Recognition of pollutant-induced patterns in population responses could lead to similar advances. A rational framework for ecotoxicology is developing, but its further advance is dependent upon better integration of ecotoxicology with basic marine ecology and biology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0022-0981(96)02679-2","usgsCitation":"Luoma, S.N., 1996, The developing framework of marine ecotoxicology: Pollutants as a variable in marine ecosystems?: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 200, no. 1, p. 29-55, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(96)02679-2.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"55","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325739,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"200","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5799db7de4b0589fa1c7eb55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70162691,"text":"70162691 - 1996 - Mapping the neutralizing epitopes on the glycoprotein of infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus, a fish rhabdovirus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-29T09:13:51","indexId":"70162691","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2301,"text":"Journal of General Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":" Mapping the neutralizing epitopes on the glycoprotein of infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus, a fish rhabdovirus","docAbstract":"Twelve neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the fish rhabdovirus, infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), were used to select 20 MAb escape mutants. The nucleotide sequence of the entire glycoprotein (G) gene was determined for six mutants representing differing cross-neutralization patterns and each had a single nucleotide change leading to a single amino acid substitution within one of three regions of the protein. These data were used to design nested PCR primers to amplify portions of the G gene of the 14 remaining mutants. When the PCR products from these mutants were sequenced, they also had single nucleotide substitutions coding for amino acid substitutions at the same, or nearby, locations. Of the 20 mutants for which all or part of the glycoprotein gene was sequenced, two MAbs selected mutants with substitutions at amino acids 230-231 (antigenic site I) and the remaining MAbs selected mutants with substitutions at amino acids 272-276 (antigenic site II). Two MAbs that selected mutants mapping to amino acids 272-276, selected other mutants that mapped to amino acids 78-81, raising the possibility that this portion of the N terminus of the protein was part of a discontinuous epitope defining antigenic site II. CLUSTAL alignment of the glycoproteins of rabies virus, vesicular stomatitis virus and IHNV revealed similarities in the location of the neutralizing epitopes and a high degree of conservation among cysteine residues, indicating that the glycoproteins of three different genera of animal rhabdoviruses may share a similar three-dimensional structure in spite of extensive sequence divergence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Microbiology Society","doi":"10.1099/0022-1317-77-12-3033","usgsCitation":"Huang, C., Chien, M., Landolt, M., Batts, W., and Winton, J., 1996, Mapping the neutralizing epitopes on the glycoprotein of infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus, a fish rhabdovirus: Journal of General Virology, v. 77, p. 3033-3040, https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-77-12-3033.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"3033","endPage":"3040","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479023,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-77-12-3033","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":315020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ac9b3fe4b0403299f5397c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, C.","contributorId":65255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chien, M.S.","contributorId":152499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chien","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landolt, M.L.","contributorId":73148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landolt","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Batts, W.","contributorId":76533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batts","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winton, J.","contributorId":55627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70162648,"text":"70162648 - 1996 - Effects of selenium dietary enhancement on hatchery-reared coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), when compared with wild coho: hepatic enzymes and seawater adaptation evaluated. ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-28T12:25:45","indexId":"70162648","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":857,"text":"Aquaculture Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of selenium dietary enhancement on hatchery-reared coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), when compared with wild coho: hepatic enzymes and seawater adaptation evaluated. ","docAbstract":"Hatchery-reared coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), were fed elevated levels of selenium (as Na2SeO3) to raise eviscerated body burdens to the level measured in wild counterparts. The goal was to find a dietary concentration that would achieve the desired effect without causing damage to growth and normal development. To measure some indices of health, the detoxifying enzymes chosen were hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD). Eviscerated body selenium (Se) concentration, GSH-Px and SOD levels were measured during and at the end of the 9 month freshwater feeding trial. Selenium retention and enzyme activity were also measured during 6 months’residence in sea water (SW). Selenium supplements were added to a commercial ration to give final concentrations of 1.1, 8.6, 11.1, 13.6 μg g-1 Se in the four respective diets. The results indicated that a dietary concentration of 8.6 μg g-1selenium was capable of inducing eviscerated body burdens similar to those found in wild fish. The elevated selenium levels persisted throughout the freshwater (FW) rearing phase, but declined when the fish were fed an unsupplemented ration upon SW entry. Superoxide dismutase levels did not increase above control levels. Glutathione peroxidase levels increased in fish fed the supplemented diets. GSH-Px activity declined in the higher supplemented dietary groups when all groups were reduced to the control group level of 1.1 μg g-1. Cumulative mortality in SW was 20% in fish fed either the 1.1 or the 8.6 μg g-1 Se diets. The 8.6 μg g-1 Se supplemented diets did produce healthy coho, comparable to their wild counterparts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2109.1996.tb00977.x","usgsCitation":"Felton, S., Landolt, M., Grace, R., and Palmisano, A., 1996, Effects of selenium dietary enhancement on hatchery-reared coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), when compared with wild coho: hepatic enzymes and seawater adaptation evaluated. : Aquaculture Research, v. 27, no. 2, p. 135-142, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1996.tb00977.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"142","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479024,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1996.tb00977.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314968,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ab49c4e4b07ca61bfea526","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Felton, S.P.","contributorId":152645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Felton","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landolt, M.L.","contributorId":73148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landolt","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grace, R.","contributorId":89845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Palmisano, A.N.","contributorId":152185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmisano","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}