{"pageNumber":"37","pageRowStart":"900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":4111,"records":[{"id":70203945,"text":"70203945 - 2019 - A 4000-year history of debris flows in north-central Washington State, U.S.A.: Preliminary results from trenching and surficial geologic mapping at the Pope Creek fan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-25T10:36:07","indexId":"70203945","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-17T10:36:01","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A 4000-year history of debris flows in north-central Washington State, U.S.A.: Preliminary results from trenching and surficial geologic mapping at the Pope Creek fan","docAbstract":"Long-term records of the magnitude and frequency of debris flows on fans are rare, but such records provide critical information needed for debris-flow hazard and risk assessments. This study explores the history of debris flows on a fan with seasonally inhabited cabins at Pope Creek along the Entiat River about 48 km upstream from the town of Entiat, Washington. Motivation for this study was provided by the Duncan Fire, a wildfire which burned the Pope Creek basin in 2014 and resulted in debris flows and water-dominated floods on the fan between August 2014 and October 2016. We excavated and mapped seven 6-m long (2.4 m deep) trenches, mapped deposits on the surface of the fan, and constrained the ages of deposits using radiocarbon dating and the computer program OxCal. Preliminary results indicate that there have been at least 10 debris-flow events (DFEs) since 4000 cal yr BP. The mean recurrence interval between events was 433 +/-44 years, but intervals range from 724 to 20 years. The four most recent events have the shortest recurrence intervals. The largest event had an estimated sediment volume of 97,000 m3 and occurred at about 285 cal yr BP (1665 AD) during the Little Ice Age. The most recent debris-flow event that was triggered by rainstorms following the Duncan Fire was about 8x smaller than the largest event. These results may indicate that the largest DFE was triggered by an exceptional meteorological event that occurred during a cool, wet time, and that smaller DFEs were triggered by less exceptional meteorological events that occurred following wildfires.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Seventh International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation","conferenceDate":"June 10-13, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Golden, Colorado","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Environmental and Engineering Geologists","collaboration":"Debris-flow hazards mitigation : mechanics, monitoring, modeling, and assessment ; proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation, Golden, Colorado, USA, June 10-13, 2019","usgsCitation":"Coe, J.A., Bessette-Kirton, E., Slaughter, S., Rengers, F.K., Contreras, T.A., Michelson, K.A., Taylor, E., Kean, J.W., Jacobacci, K., and Hanson, M.A., 2019, A 4000-year history of debris flows in north-central Washington State, U.S.A.: Preliminary results from trenching and surficial geologic mapping at the Pope Creek fan, Seventh International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation, Golden, Colorado, June 10-13, 2019, p. 613-620.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"613","endPage":"620","ipdsId":"IP-105508","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365004,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":364949,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://mountainscholar.org/handle/11124/173051"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Pope Creek basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.53306579589844,\n              47.766560801839226\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.26115417480469,\n              47.766560801839226\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.26115417480469,\n              47.944636605532914\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.53306579589844,\n              47.944636605532914\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.53306579589844,\n              47.766560801839226\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bessette-Kirton, Erin 0000-0002-2797-0694 ebessette-kirton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-0694","contributorId":177153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bessette-Kirton","given":"Erin","email":"ebessette-kirton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slaughter, Stephen","contributorId":216500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slaughter","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":13477,"text":"Washington Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rengers, Francis K. 0000-0002-1825-0943 frengers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-0943","contributorId":150422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rengers","given":"Francis","email":"frengers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Contreras, Trevor A.","contributorId":184059,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Contreras","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Michelson, Katherin A","contributorId":216501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michelson","given":"Katherin","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":39460,"text":"Washington Dept of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Taylor, Emily M. 0000-0003-1152-5761","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1152-5761","contributorId":201562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Emily","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jacobacci, Kara","contributorId":216502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobacci","given":"Kara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39460,"text":"Washington Dept of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hanson, Molly A","contributorId":216503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanson","given":"Molly","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":37389,"text":"U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70203834,"text":"70203834 - 2019 - Microbiomes of stony and soft deep-sea corals share rare core bacteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-15T12:15:32","indexId":"70203834","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-10T11:17:06","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5838,"text":"Microbiome","onlineIssn":"2049-2618","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microbiomes of stony and soft deep-sea corals share rare core bacteria","docAbstract":"<p>Background: Numerous studies have shown that bacteria form stable associations with host corals and have focused on identifying conserved “core microbiomes” of bacterial associates inferred to be serving key roles in the coral holobiont. Because studies tend to focus on only stony corals (order <i>Scleractinia</i>) or soft corals (order <i>Alcyonacea</i>), it is currently unknown if there are conserved bacteria that are shared by both. A meta-analysis was done of 16S rRNA amplicon data from multiple studies generated via identical methodology to allow direct comparisons of bacterial associates across seven deep-sea corals, including both stony and soft species: <i>Anthothela grandiflora, Anthothela sp., Lateothela grandiflora, Lophelia pertusa, Paramuricea placomus, Primnoa pacifica, and Primnoa resedaeformis</i>. </p><p>Results: Twenty-three operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were consistently present in greater than 50% of the coral samples. Seven amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), five of which corresponded to a conserved OTU, were consistently present in greater than 30% of the coral samples including five or greater coral species. A majority of the conserved sequences had close matches with previously identified coral-associated bacteria. While known to dominate tropical and temperate coral microbiomes, <i>Endozoicomonas</i> were extremely rare or absent from these deep-sea corals. An <i>Endozoicomonas</i> OTU associated with <i>Lo. pertusa</i> in this study was most similar to those from shallow-water stony corals, while an OTU associated with <i>Anthothela</i> spp. was most similar to those from shallow-water gorgonians. </p><p>Conclusions: Bacterial sequences have been identified that are conserved at the level of class Anthozoa (i.e., found in both stony and soft corals, shallow and deep). These bacterial associates are therefore hypothesized to play important symbiotic roles and are highlighted for targeted future study. These conserved bacterial associates include taxa with the potential for nitrogen and sulfur cycling, detoxification, and hydrocarbon degradation. There is also some overlap with kit contaminants that need to be resolved. Rarely detected <i>Endozoicomonas</i> sequences are partitioned by whether the host is a stony coral or a soft coral, and the finer clustering pattern reflects the hosts’ phylogeny.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"BMC","doi":"10.1186/s40168-019-0697-3","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, C.A., 2019, Microbiomes of stony and soft deep-sea corals share rare core bacteria: Microbiome, v. 7, 90, 13p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-019-0697-3.","productDescription":"90, 13p.","ipdsId":"IP-097775","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-019-0697-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364731,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, Christina A. 0000-0002-6492-9455 ckellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-9455","contributorId":391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Christina","email":"ckellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70203874,"text":"70203874 - 2019 - Inundation, flow dynamics, and damage in the 9 January 2018 Montecito Debris-Flow Event, California, USA: Opportunities and challenges for post-wildfire risk assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-27T22:22:37.185745","indexId":"70203874","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-07T14:26:34","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inundation, flow dynamics, and damage in the 9 January 2018 Montecito Debris-Flow Event, California, USA: Opportunities and challenges for post-wildfire risk assessment","docAbstract":"Shortly before the beginning of the winter rainy season, one of the largest fires in California history (Thomas Fire) substantially increased the susceptibility of steep slopes in Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties to debris flows. On January 9, 2018, before the fire was fully contained, an intense burst of rain fell on the portion of the burn area above Montecito, CA. The rainfall and associated runoff triggered a series of debris flows that mobilized approximately 680,000 m3 of sediment (including boulders >4 m) at velocities up to 4 m/s down urbanized alluvial fans. The resulting destruction (including 23 fatalities, at least 167 injuries, and 408 damaged homes) underscores the need for improved understanding of debris-flow runout in the built environment, and the need for a comprehensive framework to assess the potential loss from debris flows following wildfire. We present observations of the inundation, debris-flow dynamics, and damage from the event. The data include field measurements of flow depth and deposit characteristics made 12 days after the event (before ephemeral features of the deposits were lost to recovery operations); an inventory of building damage; estimates of flow velocity; information on flow timing; soil-hydrologic properties; and post-event imagery and lidar. Together, these data provide rare spatial and dynamic constraints for testing debris-flow runout models, which are needed for advancing post-fire debris-flow hazard assessments. Our analysis also outlines a framework for translating the results of these models into estimates of economic loss based on an adaptation of the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Hazus model for tsunamis.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02048.1","usgsCitation":"Kean, J.W., Staley, D.M., Lancaster, J.T., Rengers, F.K., Swanson, B.J., Coe, J.A., Hernandez, J., Sigman, A., Allstadt, K.E., and Lindsay, D.N., 2019, Inundation, flow dynamics, and damage in the 9 January 2018 Montecito Debris-Flow Event, California, USA: Opportunities and challenges for post-wildfire risk assessment: Geosphere, v. 15, no. 4, p. 1140-1163, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02048.1.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1140","endPage":"1163","ipdsId":"IP-104196","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467550,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02048.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364793,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Montecito","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.67772179339622,\n              34.45555139540258\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.67772179339622,\n              34.39725512765119\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.53987106988663,\n              34.39725512765119\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.53987106988663,\n              34.45555139540258\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.67772179339622,\n              34.45555139540258\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lancaster, Jeremy T.","contributorId":216333,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lancaster","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rengers, Francis K. 0000-0002-1825-0943 frengers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-0943","contributorId":150422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rengers","given":"Francis","email":"frengers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swanson, Brian J.","contributorId":216334,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swanson","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hernandez, Janis","contributorId":216335,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hernandez","given":"Janis","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sigman, Aaron 0000-0001-5756-4956","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5756-4956","contributorId":216336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sigman","given":"Aaron","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Allstadt, Kate E. 0000-0003-4977-5248 kallstadt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4977-5248","contributorId":167684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allstadt","given":"Kate","email":"kallstadt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":764542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lindsay, Donald N.","contributorId":216337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindsay","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70250179,"text":"70250179 - 2019 - The unprecedented loss of Florida's reef-building corals and the emergence of a novel coral-reef assemblage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-27T16:53:33.19877","indexId":"70250179","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-06T10:46:46","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The unprecedented loss of Florida's reef-building corals and the emergence of a novel coral-reef assemblage","docAbstract":"<p><span>Over the last half century, climate change, coral disease, and other anthropogenic disturbances have restructured coral-reef ecosystems on a global scale. The disproportionate loss of once-dominant, reef-building taxa has facilitated relative increases in the abundance of “weedy” or stress-tolerant coral species. Although the recent transformation of coral-reef assemblages is unprecedented on ecological timescales, determining whether modern coral reefs have truly reached a novel ecosystem state requires evaluating the dynamics of reef composition over much longer periods of time. Here, we provide a geologic perspective on the shifting composition of Florida's reefs by reconstructing the millennial-scale spatial and temporal variability in reef assemblages using 59 Holocene reef cores collected throughout the Florida Keys Reef Tract (FKRT). We then compare the relative abundances of reef-building species in the Holocene reef framework to data from contemporary reef surveys to determine how much Florida's modern reef assemblages have diverged from long-term baselines. We show that the composition of Florida's reefs was, until recently, remarkably stable over the last 8000&nbsp;yr. The same corals that have dominated shallow-water reefs throughout the western Atlantic for hundreds of thousands of years,&nbsp;</span><i>Acropora palmata</i><span>,</span><i><span>&nbsp;</span>Orbicella</i><span>&nbsp;spp., and other massive coral taxa, accounted for nearly 90% of Florida's Holocene reef framework. In contrast, the species that now have the highest relative abundances on the FKRT, primarily&nbsp;</span><i>Porites astreoides</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>Siderastrea siderea</i><span>, were rare in the reef framework, suggesting that recent shifts in species assemblages are unprecedented over millennial timescales. Although it may not be possible to return coral reefs to pre-Anthropocene states, our results suggest that coral-reef management focused on the conservation and restoration of the reef-building species of the past, will optimize efforts to preserve coral reefs, and the valuable ecosystem services they provide into the future.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecy.2781","usgsCitation":"Toth, L., Stathakopoulos, A., Kuffner, I.B., Ruzicka, R.R., Colella, M.A., and Shinn, E.A., 2019, The unprecedented loss of Florida's reef-building corals and the emergence of a novel coral-reef assemblage: Ecology, v. 100, no. 9, e02781, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2781.","productDescription":"e02781, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104540","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467556,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2781","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P93XXXA0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"The Absolute and Relative Composition of Holocene Reef Cores From the Florida Keys Reef Tract"},{"id":422972,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys Reef Tract","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.52594320175321,\n              24.764514561822665\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.03873267817458,\n              24.764514561822665\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.08197998341461,\n              24.427458630027616\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.47565150305881,\n              24.41058205242757\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.33268700742039,\n              24.92709848702593\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.06702498951552,\n              25.525116607289604\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.25854876986541,\n              25.53069165144869\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.598349025326,\n              25.03910062993201\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.3644441467264,\n              24.826209468694913\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.52594320175321,\n              24.764514561822665\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"100","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toth, Lauren T. 0000-0002-2568-802X ltoth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-802X","contributorId":181748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toth","given":"Lauren","email":"ltoth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":888681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stathakopoulos, Anastasios 0000-0002-4404-035X astathakopoulos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4404-035X","contributorId":147744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stathakopoulos","given":"Anastasios","email":"astathakopoulos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":888682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":888683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruzicka, Robert R.","contributorId":204569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruzicka","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Colella, Michael A.","contributorId":139979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colella","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13340,"text":"Fish & Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shinn, Eugene A.","contributorId":210858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shinn","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70204175,"text":"70204175 - 2019 - The risk reduction benefits of the Mesoamerican Reef in Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-26T13:10:13","indexId":"70204175","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-04T17:46:34","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5232,"text":"Frontiers in Earth Science","onlineIssn":"2296-6463","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The risk reduction benefits of the Mesoamerican Reef in Mexico","docAbstract":"<p><span>Coastal development and climate change are dramatically increasing the risks of flooding, erosion, and extreme weather events. Coral reefs and other coastal ecosystems act as natural defenses against coastal hazards, but their degradation increases risk to people and property. Environmental degradation, however, has rarely been quantified as a driver of coastal risk. In Quintana Roo, Mexico, a region on the Mexican Caribbean coast with an annual tourism economy of 10 billion USD, coral reefs constitute a natural barrier against flooding from hurricanes. This study spatially quantifies the risk reduction benefits of the Mesoamerican Reef in Quintana Roo for people, buildings, and hotel infrastructure. The risk reduction benefits are substantial. For example, the reefs prevented 43% additional damage during Hurricane Dean in (2007) and provide nowadays hazard risk reduction for 4.3% of the people, 1.9% of the built capital, and 2.4% of the hotel infrastructure, per year. The annual benefits are estimated in 4,600 people, 42 million USD damage prevention for buildings, and 20.8 million USD for hotel infrastructure. The study also compares the risk reduction of coral reefs with (i) the protection offered by dunes and (ii) the increase in coastal risk from sea-level rise (SLR). The risk reduction of dunes is more critical where there are no coral reefs offshore and for small return-periods storms. Sea-level rise, however, will make the more frequent storms more impactful and will drive significant increases in annual expected damages across the region. However, we demonstrate that, in coral reef environments, the contribution of reef degradation to coastal risk is larger than the expected increase in risk from SLR. However, the spatial distribution of the risk reduction benefits from reefs differs for people and infrastructure, and in particular for hotels, which receive the most protection from reefs. Furthermore, many sections present larger benefits than the typical costs of restoration. This valuation makes a compelling case for protecting and maintaining this natural infrastructure for its risk reduction service, but also allows the development of piloting innovative strategies, such as risk finance and insurance strategies, that can align environmental and risk management goals.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/feart.2019.00125","usgsCitation":"Reguero, B.G., Secaira, F., Toimil, A., Escudero, M., Diaz-Simal, P., Beck, M., Silva, R., Storlazzi, C.D., and Losada, I., 2019, The risk reduction benefits of the Mesoamerican Reef in Mexico: Frontiers in Earth Science, v. 7, 125, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00125.","productDescription":"125, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-105572","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00125","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":365404,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Mesoamerican Reef","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.132568359375,\n              21.570610571132665\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.0391845703125,\n              21.524627220545295\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.912841796875,\n              21.350781150679737\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.8634033203125,\n              21.171606338272724\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.90185546874999,\n              20.884475328885344\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.07763671875,\n              20.648205934292623\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.3577880859375,\n              20.390974413170618\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.4896240234375,\n              20.174567450431844\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.53356933593749,\n              20.1023648329449\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.5115966796875,\n              19.95785974817016\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.4951171875,\n              19.87005983797396\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.5115966796875,\n              19.80805412808859\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.462158203125,\n              19.53390722018251\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.53356933593749,\n              19.409611549990895\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.47314453125,\n              19.31114335506464\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.53356933593749,\n              19.233363381183896\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.56103515625,\n              19.12440952808487\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.659912109375,\n              18.885497977462876\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.73681640625,\n              18.703488628334817\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.769775390625,\n              18.516074596589366\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.857666015625,\n              18.31802573200145\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.8961181640625,\n              18.088422664636212\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.95654296875,\n              17.96828290799978\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.86865234374999,\n              17.994407217139745\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.396240234375,\n              19.34742802788708\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.4346923828125,\n              19.4303341116379\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.3907470703125,\n              19.87005983797396\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.4017333984375,\n              20.159098270646936\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.0281982421875,\n              20.571081893508193\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.7645263671875,\n              20.971698530475734\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.6766357421875,\n              21.14599216495789\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.693115234375,\n              21.320080964008206\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.8853759765625,\n              21.55017532555692\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.07763671875,\n              21.631899013188953\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.1160888671875,\n              21.631899013188953\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.132568359375,\n              21.570610571132665\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reguero, Borja G. 0000-0001-5526-7157","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5526-7157","contributorId":193831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reguero","given":"Borja","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":765919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Secaira, Fernando","contributorId":216858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Secaira","given":"Fernando","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Toimil, Alexandra","contributorId":216859,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Toimil","given":"Alexandra","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Escudero, Mireille","contributorId":216860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Escudero","given":"Mireille","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Diaz-Simal, Pedro","contributorId":216861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diaz-Simal","given":"Pedro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beck, Michael W.","contributorId":60140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"Michael W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Silva, Rodolfo","contributorId":216862,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silva","given":"Rodolfo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490 cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":140584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","email":"cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Losada, Inigo","contributorId":199206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Losada","given":"Inigo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70217041,"text":"70217041 - 2019 - Integrating amphibian movement studies across scales better informs conservation decisions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T13:33:10.49022","indexId":"70217041","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-04T07:30:28","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating amphibian movement studies across scales better informs conservation decisions","docAbstract":"<p><span>Numerous papers have highlighted the need to integrate amphibian research and conservation across multiple scales. Despite this, most amphibian movement studies focus on a single level of organization (e.g., local population) and a single life stage (e.g., adults) and many suggest potential conservation actions or imply that the information is useful to conservation, yet these presumptions are rarely clarified or tested. Movement studies to date provide little information to guide conservation decisions directly because they fail to integrate movement across scales with individual or population parameters (i.e., fitness metrics); this is exacerbated by a general failure to set movement studies in a probabilistic context. An integrative approach allows prediction of population or metapopulation responses to environmental changes and different management actions, thus directly informing conservation decisions and ‘moving the needle’ towards an informed application of conservation actions. To support this perspective we: 1) revisit reviews of amphibian movement to illustrate the focus on single scales and to underscore the importance of movement – at all scales – to conservation; 2) make the case that movement, breeding, and other demographic probabilities are intertwined and studies executed at different temporal and spatial scales can aid in understanding species' responses to varying environmental and/or management conditions; 3) identify limitations of existing movement-related research to predict conservation action outcomes and inform decision-making; and 4) highlight under-utilized quantitative approaches that facilitate research that either connects movement to fitness metrics (individual-level studies) or estimates population and metapopulation vital rates in addition to, or associated with, movement probabilities.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2019.05.028","usgsCitation":"Bailey, L., and Muths, E., 2019, Integrating amphibian movement studies across scales better informs conservation decisions: Biological Conservation, v. 236, p. 261-268, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.05.028.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"268","ipdsId":"IP-101181","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"236","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bailey, Larissa L.","contributorId":229353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bailey","given":"Larissa L.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":245922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70202841,"text":"sir20195024 - 2019 - Petrology of volcanic rocks associated with silver-gold (Ag-Au) epithermal deposits in the Tonopah, Divide, and Goldfield Mining Districts, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-06T07:54:40","indexId":"sir20195024","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-03T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5024","displayTitle":"Petrology of Volcanic Rocks Associated with Silver-Gold (Ag-Au) Epithermal Deposits in the Tonopah, Divide, and Goldfield Mining Districts, Nevada","title":"Petrology of volcanic rocks associated with silver-gold (Ag-Au) epithermal deposits in the Tonopah, Divide, and Goldfield Mining Districts, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>Miocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks, part of the southern segment of the ancestral Cascades magmatic arc, are spatially, temporally, and likely genetically associated with precious metal epithermal deposits in the Tonopah, Divide, and Goldfield Districts of west-central Nevada. In the Tonopah mining district, volcanic rocks include the Mizpah Trachyte, Fraction Tuff, and Oddie Rhyolite; in the Divide mining district, they include the Heller Tuff, Brougher Rhyolite, trachyandesite of Red Mountain, Divide Andesite, and volcanics of Donovan Peak (which includes rhyolite, dacite, and rhyodacite units); in the Goldfield mining district they include the Milltown Andesite, an unnamed porphyritic andesite, and latite. All these rocks are porphyritic and contain phenocryst assemblages that include plagioclase, pyroxene, hornblende, biotite, quartz, alkali feldspar, and olivine. These mostly subalkaline, metaluminous, calc-alkalic, and magnesian rocks range from basaltic trachyandesite to rhyolite and contain 54 to 78 weight percent silicon dioxide.</p><p>In the Divide mining district, the Divide Andesite and the volcanics of Donovan Peak are compositionally distinct from volcanic rocks in the other two mining districts. These rocks define a somewhat more restricted range of silicon dioxide content; are more alkalic; have greater titanium dioxide, sodium oxide, barium, hafnium, lanthanum, niobium, tantalum, yttrium, ytterbium, and zirconium abundances; and lower magnesium oxide, strontium, and vanadium abundances. Elevated zirconium contents are particularly characteristic of these rocks, which are also distinctly younger than most of the rocks in the other two mining districts. The alkalic character (principally higher sodium oxide abundances) and elevated zirconium contents characteristic of the Divide Andesite and the volcanics of Donovan Peak suggest that distinctive sources and (or) processes contributed to the petrogenesis of these rocks.</p><p>In the Tonopah, Divide, and Goldfield mining districts the geochemistry of Oligocene and Miocene volcanic rocks constrain the processes that contributed to the petrogenesis of these rocks. Specifically, major oxide compositional variation among these rocks is consistent with crystallization&nbsp;and fractionation of the observed phenocryst minerals. In addition, these rocks have negatively sloping rare-earth element patterns consistent with partial melting in a high-pressure, garnet stable regime. Elevated strontium concentrations and small negative europium anomalies are consistent with partial melting in a plagioclase-unstable setting. However, larger negative europium anomalies among the more silica-rich volcanic rocks indicates a progressively greater role for plagioclase fractionation among these rocks. The importance of hornblende in the petrogenesis of these rocks is reflected in subtly U-shaped middle rare-earth element pattern segments. Increasing lead/cerium and decreasing phosphorus pentoxide/potassium oxide with increasing silicon dioxide are characteristic of these volcanic rocks. These characteristics and their distinctive pre-Cenozoic xenolith content suggest a significant role for crustal contamination in their petrogenesis. Diagnostic textural features preserved by phenocrysts, especially plagioclase, constitute additional evidence that open-system behavior, including reservoir-scale mixing, recharge, and assimilation, was critical to the petrogenesis of volcanic rocks in the Tonopah, Divide, and Goldfield mining districts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195024","usgsCitation":"du Bray, E.A., John, D.A., Colgan, J.P., Vikre, P.G., Cosca, M.A., and Morgan, L.E., 2019, Petrology of volcanic rocks associated with silver-gold (Ag-Au) epithermal deposits in the Tonopah, Divide, and Goldfield mining districts, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5024, 22 p., https://doi.gov/10.3133/sir20195024.","productDescription":"22 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-099110","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364252,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1099","text":"Data Series 1099 —","linkHelpText":"Petrographic, Geochemical, and Geochronologic Data for Cenozoic Volcanic Rocks of the Tonopah, Divide, and Goldfield Mining Districts, Nevada"},{"id":364251,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZCRGV","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data to accompany U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1099: Petrographic, geochemical and geochronologic data for Cenozoic volcanic rocks of the Tonopah, Divide, and Goldfield Mining Districts, Nevada"},{"id":364249,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5024/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":364250,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5024/sir20195024.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.68 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019–5024"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-114.042145,40.999926],[-114.043176,40.771675],[-114.043803,40.759205],[-114.043831,40.758666],[-114.043505,40.726292],[-114.045281,40.506586],[-114.045577,40.495801],[-114.045518,40.494474],[-114.045218,40.430282],[-114.045826,40.424823],[-114.046178,40.398313],[-114.046153,40.231971],[-114.046683,40.116931],[-114.046741,40.104231],[-114.046386,40.097896],[-114.046835,40.030131],[-114.046555,39.996899],[-114.047134,39.906037],[-114.047214,39.821024],[-114.047783,39.79416],[-114.047273,39.759413],[-114.047728,39.542742],[-114.047079,39.499943],[-114.049104,39.005509],[-114.048054,38.878693],[-114.048521,38.876197],[-114.049465,38.874949],[-114.049168,38.749951],[-114.049749,38.72921],[-114.049883,38.677365],[-114.050154,38.57292],[-114.049862,38.547764],[-114.049834,38.543784],[-114.050485,38.499955],[-114.050091,38.404673],[-114.05012,38.404536],[-114.049417,38.2647],[-114.050138,38.24996],[-114.049903,38.148601],[-114.050423,37.999961],[-114.049658,37.881368],[-114.049928,37.852508],[-114.049677,37.823645],[-114.048473,37.809861],[-114.049919,37.765586],[-114.051109,37.756276],[-114.05167,37.746958],[-114.051785,37.746249],[-114.051728,37.745997],[-114.052472,37.604776],[-114.052962,37.592783],[-114.052689,37.517859],[-114.052718,37.517264],[-114.052685,37.502513],[-114.052701,37.492014],[-114.052448,37.43144],[-114.051765,37.418083],[-114.051927,37.370734],[-114.051927,37.370459],[-114.0518,37.293548],[-114.0518,37.293044],[-114.051974,37.284511],[-114.051974,37.283848],[-114.051405,37.233854],[-114.051673,37.172368],[-114.052179,37.14711],[-114.051867,37.134292],[-114.052827,37.103961],[-114.051822,37.090976],[-114.051749,37.088434],[-114.0506,37.000396],[-114.049995,36.957769],[-114.050619,36.843141],[-114.050619,36.843128],[-114.050606,36.800184],[-114.050562,36.656259],[-114.050167,36.624978],[-114.04966,36.621113],[-114.048476,36.49998],[-114.046488,36.473449],[-114.045829,36.442973],[-114.045806,36.391071],[-114.047584,36.325573],[-114.046935,36.315449],[-114.048515,36.289598],[-114.048226,36.268874],[-114.047106,36.250591],[-114.046743,36.245246],[-114.046838,36.194069],[-114.060302,36.189363],[-114.068027,36.180663],[-114.088954,36.144381],[-114.09987,36.121654],[-114.103222,36.120176],[-114.111011,36.119875],[-114.120862,36.114596],[-114.123144,36.111576],[-114.123975,36.106515],[-114.123221,36.104746],[-114.117459,36.100893],[-114.114165,36.096982],[-114.114531,36.095217],[-114.136896,36.059467],[-114.138203,36.053161],[-114.137188,36.046785],[-114.138202,36.041284],[-114.148191,36.028013],[-114.151725,36.024563],[-114.15413,36.023862],[-114.166465,36.027738],[-114.176824,36.027651],[-114.19238,36.020993],[-114.21369,36.015613],[-114.233289,36.014289],[-114.238799,36.014561],[-114.252651,36.020193],[-114.263146,36.025937],[-114.266721,36.029238],[-114.270645,36.03572],[-114.280202,36.046362],[-114.314028,36.058165],[-114.315557,36.059494],[-114.316109,36.063109],[-114.314206,36.066619],[-114.307879,36.071291],[-114.305738,36.074882],[-114.30843,36.082443],[-114.328777,36.105501],[-114.337273,36.10802],[-114.363109,36.130246],[-114.372106,36.143114],[-114.405475,36.147371],[-114.412373,36.147254],[-114.41695,36.145761],[-114.427169,36.136305],[-114.446605,36.12597],[-114.448654,36.12641],[-114.453325,36.130726],[-114.458369,36.138586],[-114.463637,36.139695],[-114.470152,36.138801],[-114.487034,36.129396],[-114.49612,36.12785],[-114.502172,36.128796],[-114.504442,36.129741],[-114.505766,36.131444],[-114.506144,36.134659],[-114.505387,36.137496],[-114.50482,36.142414],[-114.504631,36.145629],[-114.506711,36.148277],[-114.511721,36.150956],[-114.545789,36.152248],[-114.572031,36.15161],[-114.597212,36.142103],[-114.608264,36.133949],[-114.616694,36.130101],[-114.621883,36.13213],[-114.627855,36.141012],[-114.631716,36.142306],[-114.65995,36.124145],[-114.66289,36.119932],[-114.666538,36.117343],[-114.709771,36.107742],[-114.717293,36.107686],[-114.736165,36.104367],[-114.747079,36.097005],[-114.753638,36.090705],[-114.755618,36.087166],[-114.755491,36.081601],[-114.754099,36.07944],[-114.743342,36.070535],[-114.736253,36.05847],[-114.736738,36.054349],[-114.740375,36.049258],[-114.740375,36.043682],[-114.740617,36.041015],[-114.739405,36.037863],[-114.734314,36.035681],[-114.730435,36.031317],[-114.729707,36.028166],[-114.731162,36.021862],[-114.740522,36.013336],[-114.742779,36.009963],[-114.743243,36.00653],[-114.743756,35.985095],[-114.740595,35.975656],[-114.729941,35.962183],[-114.728318,35.95629],[-114.731159,35.943916],[-114.729356,35.941413],[-114.715692,35.934709],[-114.707526,35.92806],[-114.708516,35.912313],[-114.700271,35.901772],[-114.68112,35.885364],[-114.679039,35.880046],[-114.677883,35.876346],[-114.67742,35.874728],[-114.678114,35.871953],[-114.679501,35.868023],[-114.68201,35.863284],[-114.697767,35.854844],[-114.699848,35.84837],[-114.699848,35.843283],[-114.69641,35.833784],[-114.69571,35.830601],[-114.70371,35.814585],[-114.70991,35.810185],[-114.71211,35.806185],[-114.69891,35.790185],[-114.701409,35.769086],[-114.695709,35.755986],[-114.697309,35.733686],[-114.705309,35.711587],[-114.705409,35.708287],[-114.701208,35.701187],[-114.694108,35.695187],[-114.683208,35.689387],[-114.680607,35.685488],[-114.682207,35.678188],[-114.690008,35.664688],[-114.689407,35.651412],[-114.677107,35.641489],[-114.658206,35.619089],[-114.653406,35.610789],[-114.654306,35.59759],[-114.659606,35.58749],[-114.665649,35.580428],[-114.666184,35.577576],[-114.663005,35.56369],[-114.662005,35.545491],[-114.660205,35.539291],[-114.657405,35.536391],[-114.656905,35.534391],[-114.658005,35.530491],[-114.663105,35.524491],[-114.673805,35.517891],[-114.677205,35.513491],[-114.679205,35.499992],[-114.677643,35.489742],[-114.672901,35.481708],[-114.666377,35.466856],[-114.6645,35.449497],[-114.662125,35.444241],[-114.652005,35.429165],[-114.627137,35.409504],[-114.611435,35.369056],[-114.604314,35.353584],[-114.595931,35.325234],[-114.597503,35.296954],[-114.587129,35.262376],[-114.583111,35.23809],[-114.583559,35.22993],[-114.579963,35.20964],[-114.574835,35.205898],[-114.572119,35.200591],[-114.569238,35.18348],[-114.569569,35.163053],[-114.572747,35.138725],[-114.578524,35.12875],[-114.58774,35.123729],[-114.59912,35.12105],[-114.619905,35.121632],[-114.629934,35.118272],[-114.644352,35.105904],[-114.646759,35.101872],[-114.642831,35.096503],[-114.622517,35.088703],[-114.613132,35.083097],[-114.604736,35.07483],[-114.602908,35.068588],[-114.603619,35.064226],[-114.606694,35.058941],[-114.627124,35.044721],[-114.632429,35.037586],[-114.636893,35.028367],[-114.638023,35.020556],[-114.636674,35.008807],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.804249,35.139689],[-114.80503,35.140284],[-114.925381,35.237039],[-114.92548,35.237054],[-114.942216,35.249994],[-115.043812,35.332012],[-115.098018,35.37499],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-115.125816,35.39694],[-115.145813,35.413182],[-115.146788,35.413662],[-115.160068,35.424129],[-115.160599,35.424313],[-115.225273,35.475907],[-115.271342,35.51266],[-115.303743,35.538207],[-115.388866,35.605171],[-115.391535,35.607271],[-115.393996,35.609344],[-115.404537,35.617605],[-115.406079,35.618613],[-115.412908,35.624981],[-115.500832,35.693382],[-115.625838,35.792013],[-115.627386,35.793846],[-115.647202,35.808995],[-115.647683,35.809358],[-115.64802,35.809629],[-115.669005,35.826515],[-115.689302,35.842003],[-115.750844,35.889287],[-115.845984,35.964207],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.892975,35.999967],[-115.912858,36.015359],[-116.093601,36.155805],[-116.097216,36.158346],[-116.250869,36.276979],[-116.375875,36.372562],[-116.38034,36.374955],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-116.500882,36.468223],[-116.541983,36.499952],[-117.000895,36.847694],[-117.066728,36.896354],[-117.131975,36.945777],[-117.166,36.971224],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-117.266046,37.04491],[-117.375905,37.126843],[-117.500117,37.22038],[-117.500909,37.220282],[-117.540885,37.249931],[-117.581418,37.278936],[-117.68061,37.353399],[-117.712358,37.374931],[-117.832726,37.464929],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.904625,37.515836],[-117.975776,37.569293],[-118.039849,37.615245],[-118.039798,37.615273],[-118.052189,37.62493],[-118.250947,37.768616],[-118.4278,37.89623],[-118.500958,37.949019],[-118.571958,37.99993],[-118.62159,38.034389],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-118.746598,38.124926],[-118.771867,38.141871],[-118.859087,38.204808],[-118.922518,38.249919],[-118.949673,38.26894],[-119.000975,38.303675],[-119.030078,38.325181],[-119.082358,38.361267],[-119.097161,38.372853],[-119.125982,38.39317],[-119.156983,38.414739],[-119.234966,38.468997],[-119.250988,38.48078],[-119.279262,38.499914],[-119.328411,38.534773],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-119.370117,38.563281],[-119.375994,38.566793],[-119.450623,38.619965],[-119.450612,38.619964],[-119.494022,38.649734],[-119.494183,38.649852],[-119.585437,38.713212],[-119.587066,38.714345],[-119.587679,38.714734],[-119.904315,38.933324],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-120.002461,39.067489],[-120.003402,39.112687],[-120.004504,39.165599],[-120.005746,39.22521],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.005142,39.291258],[-120.005414,39.313345],[-120.005413,39.313848],[-120.00532,39.31635],[-120.005316,39.316453],[-120.00471,39.330488],[-120.00443,39.374908],[-120.003117,39.445044],[-120.003116,39.445113],[-120.00174,39.538852],[-120.001319,39.722416],[-120.001319,39.72242],[-120.000502,39.779956],[-120.000607,39.780779],[-119.999733,39.851406],[-119.997634,39.956505],[-119.997291,40.071803],[-119.997175,40.077245],[-119.997234,40.091591],[-119.997124,40.126363],[-119.996183,40.262461],[-119.996182,40.263532],[-119.996155,40.32125],[-119.996155,40.321838],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-119.997533,40.720992],[-119.998479,40.749899],[-119.999231,40.865899],[-119.999232,40.867454],[-119.999358,40.873101],[-119.999866,41.183974],[-119.999471,41.499894],[-119.99828,41.618765],[-119.998855,41.624893],[-119.998287,41.749892],[-119.999276,41.874891],[-119.999168,41.99454],[-119.986678,41.995842],[-119.876054,41.997199],[-119.872929,41.997641],[-119.848907,41.997281],[-119.790087,41.997544],[-119.72573,41.996296],[-119.444598,41.995478],[-119.360177,41.994384],[-119.324181,41.994206],[-119.251033,41.993843],[-119.231876,41.994212],[-119.20828,41.993177],[-119.001022,41.993793],[-118.795612,41.992394],[-118.777228,41.992671],[-118.775869,41.992692],[-118.696409,41.991794],[-118.601806,41.993895],[-118.501002,41.995446],[-118.197189,41.996995],[-117.873467,41.998335],[-117.625973,41.998102],[-117.623731,41.998467],[-117.443062,41.999659],[-117.403613,41.99929],[-117.217551,41.999887],[-117.197798,42.00038],[-117.068613,42.000035],[-117.055402,41.99989],[-117.04891,41.998983],[-117.040906,41.99989],[-117.026222,42.000252],[-117.018294,41.999358],[-117.009255,41.998127],[-116.969156,41.998991],[-116.62677,41.99775],[-116.625947,41.997379],[-116.586937,41.99737],[-116.582217,41.997834],[-116.525319,41.997558],[-116.510452,41.997096],[-116.501741,41.997334],[-116.499777,41.99674],[-116.485823,41.996861],[-116.483094,41.996885],[-116.463528,41.996547],[-116.368478,41.996281],[-116.332763,41.997283],[-116.163931,41.997555],[-116.160833,41.997508],[-116.038602,41.99746],[-116.03857,41.997413],[-116.030754,41.997399],[-116.030758,41.997383],[-116.01896,41.997762],[-116.018945,41.997722],[-116.012219,41.998048],[-116.012212,41.998035],[-115.98688,41.998534],[-115.887612,41.998048],[-115.879596,41.997891],[-115.870181,41.996766],[-115.625914,41.997415],[-115.586849,41.996884],[-115.313877,41.996103],[-115.254333,41.996721],[-115.250795,41.996156],[-115.038256,41.996012],[-115.031783,41.996008],[-114.914187,41.999909],[-114.89921,41.999909],[-114.875877,42.001319],[-114.831077,42.002207],[-114.806384,42.001822],[-114.720715,41.998231],[-114.598267,41.994511],[-114.498259,41.994599],[-114.498243,41.994636],[-114.467581,41.995492],[-114.281855,41.994214],[-114.107428,41.993965],[-114.107259,41.993831],[-114.061763,41.993939],[-114.061774,41.993797],[-114.048257,41.993814],[-114.048246,41.993721],[-114.041723,41.99372],[-114.039648,41.884816],[-114.041107,41.850573],[-114.041152,41.850595],[-114.039901,41.753781],[-114.039968,41.62492],[-114.040437,41.615377],[-114.040942,41.499921],[-114.040231,41.49169],[-114.041396,41.219958],[-114.042553,41.210923],[-114.041447,41.207752],[-114.042145,40.999926]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nevada\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/gggsc/\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/gggsc/\">Geology, Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>Box 25046, MS-973<br>Denver, CO 80225-0046</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Geologic Setting of Ag-Au Deposits in the Tonopah, Divide, and Goldfield Mining Districts</li><li>Analytical Methods</li><li>Petrographic Characteristics</li><li>Major Oxide Geochemistry</li><li>Trace Element Geochemistry</li><li>Petrogenesis of Volcanic Rocks in the Tonopah, Divide, and Goldfield Mining Districts</li><li>Conclusions</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"publishedDate":"2019-06-03","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"du Bray, Edward A. 0000-0002-4383-8394 edubray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-8394","contributorId":755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"du Bray","given":"Edward","email":"edubray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"John, David A. 0000-0001-7977-9106 djohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-9106","contributorId":1748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"David","email":"djohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colgan, Joseph P. 0000-0001-6671-1436 jcolgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6671-1436","contributorId":1649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colgan","given":"Joseph","email":"jcolgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vikre, Peter G. 0000-0001-7895-5972 pvikre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7895-5972","contributorId":139033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vikre","given":"Peter","email":"pvikre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cosca, Michael A. 0000-0002-0600-7663 mcosca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-7663","contributorId":1000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosca","given":"Michael","email":"mcosca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morgan, Leah E. 0000-0001-9930-524X lemorgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-524X","contributorId":176174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Leah","email":"lemorgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70203677,"text":"70203677 - 2019 - Ecological islands: Conserving biodiversity hotspots in a changing climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-15T12:09:37","indexId":"70203677","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-03T09:35:59","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1701,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological islands: Conserving biodiversity hotspots in a changing climate","docAbstract":"For decades, botanists have recognized that rare plants are clustered into ecological “islands”: small and isolated habitat patches produced by landscape features such as sinkholes and bedrock outcrops. Insular ecosystems often provide unusually stressful microhabitats for plant growth (eg because of thin soils, high temperatures, extreme pH, or limited nutrients) to which rare species are specially adapted. Climate-driven shifts to these stressors may undermine the competitive advantage of stress-adapted species, allowing them to be displaced by competitors, or may overwhelm their coping strategies altogether. Special features of insular ecosystems—such as extreme habitat fragmentation and association with unusual landscape features—may also affect their climate sensitivity and adaptive capacity. To predict and manage these changes, a simple conceptual framework is presented based on a synthesis of over 300 site-level studies. Using this framework, conservation efforts can leverage existing ecological knowledge to anticipate changes in particular microhabitats and design targeted strategies for conserving rare species.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/fee.2058","usgsCitation":"Cartwright, J.M., 2019, Ecological islands: Conserving biodiversity hotspots in a changing climate: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 17, no. 6, p. 331-340, https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2058.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"340","ipdsId":"IP-085608","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2058","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364420,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cartwright, Jennifer M. 0000-0003-0851-8456 jmcart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-8456","contributorId":5386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cartwright","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmcart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70203898,"text":"70203898 - 2019 - Ecological effects of fear: How spatiotemporal heterogeneity in predation risk influences mule deer access to forage in a sky‐island system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-15T12:27:26","indexId":"70203898","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-02T10:49:14","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological effects of fear: How spatiotemporal heterogeneity in predation risk influences mule deer access to forage in a sky‐island system","docAbstract":"<p><span>Forage availability and predation risk interact to affect habitat use of ungulates across many biomes. Within sky‐island habitats of the Mojave Desert, increased availability of diverse forage and cover may provide ungulates with unique opportunities to extend nutrient uptake and/or to mitigate predation risk. We addressed whether habitat use and foraging patterns of female mule deer (</span><i>Odocoileus hemionus</i><span>) responded to normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), NDVI rate of change (green‐up), or the occurrence of cougars (</span><i>Puma concolor</i><span>). Female mule deer used available green‐up primarily in spring, although growing vegetation was available during other seasons. Mule deer and cougar shared similar habitat all year, and our models indicated cougars had a consistent, negative effect on mule deer access to growing vegetation, particularly in summer when cougar occurrence became concentrated at higher elevations. A seemingly late parturition date coincided with diminishing NDVI during the lactation period. Sky‐island populations, rarely studied, provide the opportunity to determine how mule deer respond to growing foliage along steep elevation and vegetation gradients when trapped with their predators and seasonally limited by aridity. Our findings indicate that fear of predation may restrict access to the forage resources found in sky islands.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons Ltd","doi":"10.1002/ece3.5291","usgsCitation":"Lowrey, C., Longshore, K., Choate, D.M., Nagol, J.R., Sexton, J.O., and Thompson, D.B., 2019, Ecological effects of fear: How spatiotemporal heterogeneity in predation risk influences mule deer access to forage in a sky‐island system: Ecology and Evolution, v. 9, no. 12, p. 7213-7226, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5291.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"7213","endPage":"7226","ipdsId":"IP-081659","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467566,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5291","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CC5E8P","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Environmental covariates at Mule deer locations within the Desert National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada, 2012-2014"},{"id":364832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Desert National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.894775390625,\n              37.19314268101434\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.9002685546875,\n              36.600094165941144\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.6036376953125,\n              36.595684037179055\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.59814453125001,\n              36.569217971443635\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.49652099609375,\n              36.569217971443635\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.48828125000001,\n              36.53391577198655\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.4443359375,\n              36.53612263184686\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.43609619140624,\n              36.507428541837264\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.42236328124999,\n              36.50522086338427\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.42236328124999,\n              36.48755716938576\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.39764404296875,\n              36.511843709862454\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.4608154296875,\n              36.58024660149866\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.3839111328125,\n              36.586863023441836\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.38665771484375,\n              36.681636065615216\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.29602050781249,\n              36.686041276581925\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.3070068359375,\n              37.201893907733826\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.73547363281249,\n              37.204081555898526\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.73547363281249,\n              37.19314268101434\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.894775390625,\n              37.19314268101434\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowrey, Chris 0000-0001-5084-7275","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5084-7275","contributorId":216375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowrey","given":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longshore, Kathleen 0000-0001-6621-1271","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-1271","contributorId":216374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longshore","given":"Kathleen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Choate, David M.","contributorId":207778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Choate","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37455,"text":"University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nagol, Jyoteshwar R","contributorId":216376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nagol","given":"Jyoteshwar","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sexton, Joseph O.","contributorId":191918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sexton","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thompson, Daniel B.","contributorId":193518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70204529,"text":"70204529 - 2019 - Bayesian analysis of the impact of rainfall data product on simulated slope failure for North Carolina locations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-01T08:41:22","indexId":"70204529","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-01T08:40:08","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1308,"text":"Computational Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bayesian analysis of the impact of rainfall data product on simulated slope failure for North Carolina locations","docAbstract":"In the past decades, many different approaches have been developed in the literature to quantify the load-carrying capacity and geotechnical stability (or the Factor of Safety, F_s) of variably saturated hillslopes. Much of this work has focused on a deterministic characterization of hillslope stability. Yet, simulated F_s values are subject to considerable uncertainty due to our inability to characterize accurately the soil mantle’s properties (hydraulic, geotechnical and geomorphologic) and spatiotemporal variability of the moisture content of the hillslope interior. This is particularly true at larger spatial scales. Thus, uncertainty-incorporating analyses of physically based models of rain-induced landslides are rare in the literature. Such landslide modeling is typically conducted at the hillslope scale using gauge-based rainfall forcing data with rather poor spatiotemporal coverage. For regional landslide modeling, the specific advantages and/or disadvantages of gauge-only, radar-merged and satellite-based rainfall products are not clearly established. Here, we compare and evaluate the performance of the Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-based Regional Slope-stability analysis (TRIGRS) model for three different rainfall products using 112 observed landslides in the period between 2004 and 2011 from the North Carolina Geological Survey database. Our study includes the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis Version 7 (TMPA V7), the North American Land Data Assimilation System Phase 2 (NLDAS-2) analysis, and the reference ‘truth’ Stage IV precipitation. TRIGRS model performance was rather inferior with the use of literature values of the geotechnical parameters and soil hydraulic properties from ROSETTA using soil textural and bulk density data from SSURGO (Soil Survey Geographic database). The performance of TRIGRS improved considerably after Bayesian estimation of the parameters with the DiffeRential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis (DREAM) algorithm using Stage IV precipitation data. Hereto, we use a likelihood function that combines binary slope failure information from landslide event and ‘null’ periods using multivariate frequency distribution-based metrics such as the False Discovery and False Omission Rates. Our results demonstrate that the Stage IV-inferred TRIGRS parameter distributions generalize well to TMPA and NLDAS-2 precipitation data, particularly at sites with considerably larger TMPA and NLDAS-2 rainfall amounts during landslide events than null periods. TRIGRS model performance is then rather similar for all three rainfall products. At higher elevations, however, the TMPA and NLDAS-2 precipitation volumes are insufficient and their performance with the Stage IV-derived parameter distributions indicate their inability to accurately characterize hillslope stability.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10596-018-9804-y","usgsCitation":"Yatheendradas, S., Kirschbaum, D., Nearing, G., Vrugt, J.A., Baum, R.L., Wooten, R., Lu, N., and Godt, J.W., 2019, Bayesian analysis of the impact of rainfall data product on simulated slope failure for North Carolina locations: Computational Geosciences, v. 23, no. 3, p. 495-522, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-018-9804-y.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"495","endPage":"522","ipdsId":"IP-103255","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7837456","text":"External Repository"},{"id":366060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":366057,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-018-9804-y"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-75.753765,35.199612],[-75.718015,35.209377],[-75.684006,35.232913],[-75.664512,35.227514],[-75.630358,35.238487],[-75.599005,35.256253],[-75.596915,35.269491],[-75.581935,35.263917],[-75.535741,35.272856],[-75.529393,35.288272],[-75.487678,35.485056],[-75.487528,35.525889],[-75.47861,35.553069],[-75.48133,35.622896],[-75.487678,35.648287],[-75.507385,35.680564],[-75.515397,35.73038],[-75.533512,35.773577],[-75.522232,35.774178],[-75.496086,35.728515],[-75.458659,35.596597],[-75.471355,35.479615],[-75.486771,35.391652],[-75.52592,35.233839],[-75.533627,35.225825],[-75.560225,35.232048],[-75.610101,35.227514],[-75.769705,35.180359],[-75.944725,35.105091],[-76.013145,35.061855],[-76.013561,35.068832],[-75.99188,35.092395],[-75.989175,35.115165],[-75.98395,35.120042],[-75.9547,35.1196],[-75.893942,35.150433],[-75.801444,35.183079],[-75.785729,35.194244],[-75.753765,35.199612]]],[[[-75.675245,35.929024],[-75.65954,35.919564],[-75.662019,35.906522],[-75.64512,35.905788],[-75.62767,35.883149],[-75.616833,35.856331],[-75.619772,35.847606],[-75.614361,35.815659],[-75.620454,35.809253],[-75.63898,35.818639],[-75.667891,35.82354],[-75.675054,35.830204],[-75.660086,35.83861],[-75.663356,35.869835],[-75.67283,35.882423],[-75.681415,35.88398],[-75.697672,35.901639],[-75.696871,35.909556],[-75.702165,35.915428],[-75.723782,35.925569],[-75.727251,35.93362],[-75.718266,35.939714],[-75.705323,35.939403],[-75.675245,35.929024]]],[[[-76.12236,36.550621],[-75.867044,36.550754],[-75.818735,36.357579],[-75.773329,36.231529],[-75.71831,36.113674],[-75.658537,36.02043],[-75.569794,35.863301],[-75.533012,35.787377],[-75.536428,35.780118],[-75.543259,35.779691],[-75.573083,35.828867],[-75.588878,35.844926],[-75.619151,35.889415],[-75.620114,35.925288],[-75.648899,35.965758],[-75.668379,35.978394],[-75.678909,35.993925],[-75.723662,36.003139],[-75.727084,36.01051],[-75.722609,36.037362],[-75.737088,36.040784],[-75.74051,36.046839],[-75.73972,36.07527],[-75.75572,36.153922],[-75.783676,36.215949],[-75.811588,36.244014],[-75.808165,36.259545],[-75.814483,36.285344],[-75.822907,36.291662],[-75.837913,36.294558],[-75.845284,36.305614],[-75.841335,36.328517],[-75.831858,36.339047],[-75.831595,36.346418],[-75.836201,36.363135],[-75.85147,36.379456],[-75.85147,36.415785],[-75.864106,36.430527],[-75.888325,36.441583],[-75.899908,36.482124],[-75.907279,36.485809],[-75.924127,36.482124],[-75.935473,36.490601],[-75.972545,36.494671],[-76.003708,36.506235],[-76.023627,36.500778],[-76.031949,36.482496],[-76.012337,36.447462],[-75.98005,36.435464],[-75.962285,36.41724],[-75.940676,36.41885],[-75.928369,36.428588],[-75.923601,36.425788],[-75.916409,36.38901],[-75.923331,36.361863],[-75.895285,36.319615],[-75.882154,36.284674],[-75.864933,36.284674],[-75.86052,36.280607],[-75.867356,36.252483],[-75.864154,36.235522],[-75.858703,36.222628],[-75.848838,36.21657],[-75.838367,36.200129],[-75.839924,36.17711],[-75.823915,36.158332],[-75.822531,36.145957],[-75.800378,36.112728],[-75.791637,36.082267],[-75.793974,36.07171],[-75.836084,36.092616],[-75.867792,36.127262],[-75.863914,36.159226],[-75.882987,36.186807],[-75.910658,36.212157],[-75.922344,36.244122],[-75.94984,36.25787],[-75.96462,36.254433],[-75.957058,36.247903],[-75.945372,36.222468],[-75.956027,36.198065],[-75.936436,36.18088],[-75.904999,36.164188],[-75.939047,36.165518],[-76.016984,36.186367],[-76.029086,36.202036],[-76.043838,36.210126],[-76.054308,36.229162],[-76.08148,36.237935],[-76.132005,36.287773],[-76.184702,36.298166],[-76.188717,36.281242],[-76.171378,36.265806],[-76.149486,36.263902],[-76.115851,36.214219],[-76.080106,36.19944],[-76.05992,36.15514],[-76.064224,36.143775],[-76.092555,36.135794],[-76.178946,36.123424],[-76.206873,36.137521],[-76.254064,36.18419],[-76.273316,36.189062],[-76.27699,36.184952],[-76.247401,36.161823],[-76.228527,36.130647],[-76.191715,36.107197],[-76.216599,36.095409],[-76.265037,36.104886],[-76.329921,36.133396],[-76.373571,36.138208],[-76.3935,36.163251],[-76.447812,36.192514],[-76.454414,36.189901],[-76.456061,36.183577],[-76.375892,36.12042],[-76.346418,36.121023],[-76.334965,36.110903],[-76.298733,36.1012],[-76.303998,36.092776],[-76.323478,36.084879],[-76.355069,36.086458],[-76.410878,36.078034],[-76.420881,36.06066],[-76.451418,36.039073],[-76.459316,36.024331],[-76.491959,36.018013],[-76.514335,36.00564],[-76.547505,36.009852],[-76.580674,36.00722],[-76.60384,36.033018],[-76.615423,36.037757],[-76.653332,36.035124],[-76.676484,36.043612],[-76.721445,36.147838],[-76.719401,36.199441],[-76.675462,36.266882],[-76.693253,36.278357],[-76.744436,36.212725],[-76.7521,36.147328],[-76.722996,36.066585],[-76.679657,35.991951],[-76.70019,35.964573],[-76.692376,35.945342],[-76.667547,35.933509],[-76.528551,35.944039],[-76.473795,35.960888],[-76.460632,35.970365],[-76.398242,35.984317],[-76.38192,35.971681],[-76.381394,35.96273],[-76.362966,35.942197],[-76.340327,35.94325],[-76.317687,35.946935],[-76.272408,35.972734],[-76.213966,35.988002],[-76.176585,35.993267],[-76.093697,35.993001],[-76.083131,35.989845],[-76.062071,35.993004],[-76.024162,35.970891],[-76.014159,35.957202],[-76.01995,35.934036],[-76.014353,35.920746],[-76.063203,35.853433],[-76.050485,35.806689],[-76.046813,35.717935],[-76.036393,35.690344],[-76.046361,35.659067],[-76.04015,35.65131],[-76.029863,35.649443],[-76.013808,35.669103],[-75.9869,35.768194],[-75.987148,35.836967],[-75.97783,35.897181],[-75.962562,35.901393],[-75.94782,35.920347],[-75.927286,35.93193],[-75.92676,35.940354],[-75.943608,35.952464],[-75.947293,35.959835],[-75.899382,35.977209],[-75.84989,35.976156],[-75.80935,35.959308],[-75.800926,35.944566],[-75.782498,35.935615],[-75.778813,35.918241],[-75.751961,35.878227],[-75.748276,35.852428],[-75.734587,35.839266],[-75.727216,35.822703],[-75.726689,35.811361],[-75.739357,35.770994],[-75.724743,35.742892],[-75.71294,35.69849],[-75.713502,35.693993],[-75.741605,35.672073],[-75.742167,35.655212],[-75.729802,35.625985],[-75.747225,35.610248],[-75.778138,35.592262],[-75.775328,35.579335],[-75.837154,35.570904],[-75.859636,35.586641],[-75.895045,35.573152],[-75.916403,35.538305],[-75.950126,35.530998],[-75.964178,35.511326],[-75.963053,35.493903],[-75.987222,35.484348],[-75.995652,35.475355],[-75.997901,35.453435],[-76.009704,35.442194],[-76.01139,35.423084],[-76.020945,35.410719],[-76.025441,35.408471],[-76.050171,35.415778],[-76.059726,35.410157],[-76.063661,35.405099],[-76.059726,35.383741],[-76.069281,35.370813],[-76.132793,35.349455],[-76.14291,35.338776],[-76.14291,35.32866],[-76.149655,35.326411],[-76.182254,35.336528],[-76.20586,35.336528],[-76.235087,35.350017],[-76.253072,35.350017],[-76.257569,35.344397],[-76.265437,35.343273],[-76.282299,35.345521],[-76.304781,35.355638],[-76.327263,35.356762],[-76.335132,35.355638],[-76.340752,35.346645],[-76.349745,35.345521],[-76.382344,35.356762],[-76.399206,35.348893],[-76.408199,35.350017],[-76.431805,35.362383],[-76.436301,35.37812],[-76.448666,35.383741],[-76.462156,35.380368],[-76.472273,35.371375],[-76.485762,35.371375],[-76.540292,35.410657],[-76.586349,35.508957],[-76.476706,35.511707],[-76.456427,35.550546],[-76.471207,35.55742],[-76.48358,35.538172],[-76.55679,35.528892],[-76.600441,35.538516],[-76.634468,35.510332],[-76.601472,35.460838],[-76.580187,35.387113],[-76.606041,35.387113],[-76.710083,35.427155],[-76.759234,35.418906],[-76.830897,35.447949],[-76.942022,35.473529],[-77.023912,35.514802],[-77.026638,35.490569],[-76.967214,35.438296],[-76.891938,35.433649],[-76.664027,35.345696],[-76.500375,35.321915],[-76.482389,35.314046],[-76.467776,35.276951],[-76.467776,35.261213],[-76.477893,35.243228],[-76.490258,35.233111],[-76.494755,35.212877],[-76.521733,35.192643],[-76.536346,35.174657],[-76.539719,35.166788],[-76.536346,35.142058],[-76.546463,35.122948],[-76.557704,35.116204],[-76.568945,35.097094],[-76.60042,35.067867],[-76.631895,35.056626],[-76.801426,34.964369],[-76.982904,35.060607],[-76.989778,35.045484],[-76.977404,35.004926],[-76.89354,34.957495],[-76.762931,34.920374],[-76.635072,34.989116],[-76.588055,34.991428],[-76.566697,34.998173],[-76.502623,35.007166],[-76.491382,35.017283],[-76.490258,35.034144],[-76.474521,35.070116],[-76.463468,35.076411],[-76.435762,35.057941],[-76.425461,35.001464],[-76.395625,34.975179],[-76.332044,34.970917],[-76.326361,34.976245],[-76.329557,34.986901],[-76.364367,35.034853],[-76.318546,35.020645],[-76.288354,35.005726],[-76.296524,34.976245],[-76.275567,34.960971],[-76.277698,34.940014],[-76.347673,34.872171],[-76.368274,34.872881],[-76.379641,34.86258],[-76.400242,34.855476],[-76.463016,34.785076],[-76.524712,34.681964],[-76.586236,34.698805],[-76.582421,34.767757],[-76.604796,34.787482],[-76.620606,34.784389],[-76.616567,34.714059],[-76.673619,34.71491],[-76.673537,34.70757],[-76.523303,34.652271],[-76.383827,34.807906],[-76.322808,34.86116],[-76.233672,34.925926],[-76.093349,35.048705],[-76.069906,35.075701],[-76.043621,35.070017],[-76.035933,35.058987],[-76.137269,34.987858],[-76.233088,34.905477],[-76.31021,34.852309],[-76.386804,34.784579],[-76.494068,34.66197],[-76.524199,34.615416],[-76.535946,34.588577],[-76.555196,34.615993],[-76.549343,34.645585],[-76.579467,34.660174],[-76.642939,34.677618],[-76.676312,34.693151],[-76.770044,34.696899],[-76.817453,34.693722],[-76.990262,34.669623],[-77.136843,34.632926],[-77.209161,34.605032],[-77.322524,34.535574],[-77.462922,34.471354],[-77.556943,34.417218],[-77.661673,34.341868],[-77.740136,34.272546],[-77.829209,34.162618],[-77.878161,34.067963],[-77.915536,33.971723],[-77.946568,33.912261],[-77.960172,33.853315],[-77.970606,33.844517],[-78.009973,33.861406],[-78.018689,33.888289],[-78.095429,33.906031],[-78.17772,33.914272],[-78.276147,33.912364],[-78.383964,33.901946],[-78.509042,33.865515],[-78.541087,33.851112],[-79.358317,34.545358],[-79.675299,34.804744],[-80.797543,34.819786],[-80.782042,34.935782],[-80.93495,35.107409],[-81.041489,35.044703],[-81.057648,35.062433],[-81.058029,35.07319],[-81.052078,35.096276],[-81.032806,35.108049],[-81.038968,35.126299],[-81.05042,35.131048],[-81.044391,35.147918],[-81.239358,35.159974],[-82.27492,35.200071],[-82.314863,35.191089],[-82.32335,35.184789],[-82.344554,35.193115],[-82.361469,35.190831],[-82.36899,35.181747],[-82.379712,35.186884],[-82.378744,35.198053],[-82.390439,35.215395],[-82.403348,35.204473],[-82.417597,35.200131],[-82.439595,35.165863],[-82.448969,35.165037],[-82.455609,35.177425],[-82.460092,35.178143],[-82.483937,35.173798],[-82.495506,35.164312],[-82.516044,35.163442],[-82.529973,35.155617],[-82.550508,35.159498],[-82.556168,35.151736],[-82.563767,35.151575],[-82.578316,35.142104],[-82.609706,35.139039],[-82.629031,35.126155],[-82.642237,35.129215],[-82.662381,35.118123],[-82.683625,35.125833],[-82.694898,35.098456],[-82.72701,35.094142],[-82.738379,35.079453],[-82.749491,35.078487],[-82.757704,35.068019],[-82.777376,35.064143],[-82.781973,35.066817],[-82.776357,35.081349],[-82.787867,35.085024],[-83.108535,35.000771],[-83.620185,34.992091],[-83.619985,34.986592],[-84.321869,34.988408],[-84.29024,35.225572],[-84.28322,35.226577],[-84.223718,35.269078],[-84.211818,35.266078],[-84.202879,35.255772],[-84.200117,35.244679],[-84.188417,35.239979],[-84.170416,35.245779],[-84.12889,35.243679],[-84.12115,35.250644],[-84.097508,35.247382],[-84.081117,35.261146],[-84.052612,35.269982],[-84.02141,35.301383],[-84.02651,35.309283],[-84.03501,35.311983],[-84.029377,35.333197],[-84.038081,35.348363],[-84.024756,35.353896],[-84.007586,35.371661],[-84.008207,35.389683],[-84.021782,35.407418],[-84.00225,35.422548],[-83.992568,35.438065],[-83.973057,35.448921],[-83.971439,35.455145],[-83.966656,35.454941],[-83.961054,35.462838],[-83.949389,35.461164],[-83.937015,35.471511],[-83.911773,35.476028],[-83.905612,35.48906],[-83.880074,35.518745],[-83.859261,35.521851],[-83.848502,35.519259],[-83.827428,35.524653],[-83.802434,35.541588],[-83.780129,35.550387],[-83.771736,35.562118],[-83.749894,35.561146],[-83.735669,35.565455],[-83.723459,35.561874],[-83.707199,35.568533],[-83.676268,35.570289],[-83.640498,35.566075],[-83.608889,35.579451],[-83.582,35.562684],[-83.56609,35.565993],[-83.498335,35.562981],[-83.485527,35.568204],[-83.479317,35.582764],[-83.455722,35.598045],[-83.445802,35.611803],[-83.421576,35.611186],[-83.396626,35.62272],[-83.388602,35.632352],[-83.366941,35.638728],[-83.35156,35.659858],[-83.334965,35.665471],[-83.321101,35.662815],[-83.312757,35.654809],[-83.297154,35.65775],[-83.290682,35.672638],[-83.258117,35.691924],[-83.255489,35.714974],[-83.251247,35.719916],[-83.240669,35.72676],[-83.214501,35.724434],[-83.18837,35.729798],[-83.159208,35.764892],[-83.120183,35.766234],[-83.07403,35.790016],[-83.036209,35.787405],[-83.001473,35.773752],[-82.992053,35.773948],[-82.964088,35.78998],[-82.961724,35.800491],[-82.945515,35.824662],[-82.920171,35.841664],[-82.918312,35.863977],[-82.901301,35.872593],[-82.901843,35.890274],[-82.911936,35.921618],[-82.901577,35.931446],[-82.898506,35.9451],[-82.874159,35.952698],[-82.860724,35.94743],[-82.852554,35.949089],[-82.826045,35.929721],[-82.82257,35.922531],[-82.804997,35.927168],[-82.805771,35.935316],[-82.800431,35.944155],[-82.787465,35.952163],[-82.785356,35.96253],[-82.774905,35.971978],[-82.785558,35.977795],[-82.785267,35.987927],[-82.776001,36.000103],[-82.750065,36.006004],[-82.688865,36.038604],[-82.684765,36.045004],[-82.637165,36.065805],[-82.618664,36.056105],[-82.618164,36.047005],[-82.609663,36.044906],[-82.596177,36.03188],[-82.595525,36.026012],[-82.614362,36.003506],[-82.613028,35.994],[-82.604239,35.987319],[-82.610889,35.967409],[-82.581003,35.965557],[-82.576678,35.959255],[-82.557874,35.953901],[-82.549682,35.964275],[-82.507068,35.977475],[-82.483498,35.996284],[-82.460658,36.007809],[-82.409458,36.083409],[-82.355157,36.115609],[-82.336756,36.114909],[-82.321448,36.119551],[-82.289455,36.13571],[-82.270954,36.12761],[-82.260353,36.13371],[-82.247521,36.130865],[-82.213852,36.159112],[-82.182549,36.143714],[-82.147948,36.149516],[-82.136547,36.128817],[-82.137974,36.119576],[-82.127146,36.104417],[-82.105444,36.108119],[-82.080303,36.105728],[-82.061342,36.113121],[-82.054142,36.126821],[-82.033141,36.120422],[-81.908137,36.302013],[-81.879382,36.313767],[-81.857333,36.334787],[-81.841268,36.343321],[-81.800812,36.358073],[-81.766102,36.338517],[-81.730976,36.341187],[-81.707438,36.335171],[-81.707785,36.346007],[-81.721334,36.353101],[-81.732865,36.376502],[-81.729813,36.388033],[-81.737952,36.39719],[-81.739648,36.406686],[-81.720734,36.422537],[-81.715229,36.436532],[-81.71489,36.45722],[-81.695311,36.467912],[-81.697829,36.507544],[-81.707573,36.526101],[-81.707963,36.536209],[-81.699962,36.536829],[-81.69003,36.552154],[-81.690236,36.568718],[-81.677036,36.570718],[-81.677535,36.588117],[-81.003802,36.563629],[-80.837954,36.559131],[-80.704831,36.562319],[-80.295243,36.543973],[-80.122183,36.542646],[-78.529722,36.540981],[-77.16966,36.547315],[-77.152691,36.544078],[-76.916048,36.543815],[-76.916989,36.550742],[-76.12236,36.550621]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"North Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"23","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-01-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yatheendradas, Soni","contributorId":217737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yatheendradas","given":"Soni","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39690,"text":"University of Maryland; NASA GSFC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirschbaum, Dalia","contributorId":217738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirschbaum","given":"Dalia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39055,"text":"NASA GSFC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nearing, Grey","contributorId":217739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nearing","given":"Grey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37195,"text":"The University of Alabama","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vrugt, Jasper A.","contributorId":217740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vrugt","given":"Jasper","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36629,"text":"University of California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wooten, Rick","contributorId":217741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wooten","given":"Rick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24614,"text":"North Carolina Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lu, Ning","contributorId":191360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lu","given":"Ning","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12620,"text":"U.S. Army Corp. of Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70205658,"text":"70205658 - 2019 - Negative frequency-dependent foraging behaviour in a generalist herbivore (Alces alces) and its stabilizing influence on food-web dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-02T16:32:28","indexId":"70205658","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-27T11:26:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Negative frequency-dependent foraging behaviour in a generalist herbivore (<i>Alces alces</i>) and its stabilizing influence on food-web dynamics","title":"Negative frequency-dependent foraging behaviour in a generalist herbivore (Alces alces) and its stabilizing influence on food-web dynamics","docAbstract":"1. Resource selection is widely appreciated to be context‐dependent and shaped by both biological and abiotic factors. However, few studies have empirically assessed the extent to which selective foraging behaviour is dynamic and varies in response to environmental conditions for free‐ranging animal populations.\n\n2. Here, we assessed the extent that forage selection fluctuated in response to different environmental conditions for a free‐ranging herbivore, moose (Alces alces), in Isle Royale National Park, over a 10‐year period. More precisely, we assessed how moose selection for coniferous versus deciduous forage in winter varied between geographic regions and in relation to (a) the relative frequency of forage types in the environment (e.g. frequency‐dependent foraging behaviour), (b) moose abundance, (c) predation rate (by grey wolves) and (d) snow depth. These factors are potentially important for their influence on the energetics of foraging. We also built a series of food‐chain models to assess the influence of dynamic foraging strategies on the stability of food webs.\n\n3. Our analysis indicates that moose exhibited negative frequency dependence, by selectively exploiting rare resources. Frequency‐dependent foraging was further mediated by density‐dependent processes, which are likely to be predation, moose abundance or some combination of both. In particular, frequency dependence was weaker in years when predation risk was high (i.e. when the ratio of moose to wolves was relatively low). Selection for conifers was also slightly weaker during deep snow years.\n\n4. The food‐chain analysis indicates that the type of frequency‐dependent foraging strategy exhibited by herbivores had important consequences for the stability of ecological communities. In particular, the dynamic foraging strategy that we observed in the empirical analysis (i.e. negative frequency dependence being mediated by density‐dependent processes) was associated with more stable food web dynamics compared to fixed foraging strategies.\n\n5. The results of this study indicated that forage selection is a complex ecological process, varying in response to both biological (predation and moose density) and abiotic factors (snow depth) and over relatively small spatial scales (between regions). This study also provides a useful framework for assessing the influence of other aspects of foraging behaviour on the stability of food web dynamics.","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.13031","usgsCitation":"Hoy, S.R., Vucetich, J.A., Liu, R., DeAngelis, D., Peterson, R.O., Vucetich, L.M., and Henderson, J.J., 2019, Negative frequency-dependent foraging behaviour in a generalist herbivore (Alces alces) and its stabilizing influence on food-web dynamics: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 88, no. 9, p. 1291-1304, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13031.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1291","endPage":"1304","ipdsId":"IP-083806","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13031","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367919,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Keweenaw County","otherGeospatial":"Isle Royale National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.15130615234375,\n              47.79101617826261\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.18450927734375,\n              48.16333749877855\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.35067749023438,\n              48.254855515290764\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.34768676757812,\n              47.924624978768314\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.15130615234375,\n              47.79101617826261\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoy, Sarah R.","contributorId":219330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoy","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":39991,"text":"School of Forest Resources and Environmental Sciences at Michigan Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vucetich, John A.","contributorId":219329,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vucetich","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39990,"text":"School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Tech, Houghton","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, Rongsong","contributorId":43480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Rongsong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeAngelis, Don 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":207813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Don","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, Rolf O.","contributorId":166963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vucetich, Leah M.","contributorId":219328,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vucetich","given":"Leah","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":39990,"text":"School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Tech, Houghton","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Henderson, John J.","contributorId":219327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henderson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":39990,"text":"School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Tech, Houghton","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70211580,"text":"70211580 - 2019 - Seasonal development of the coccidian parasite Goussia bayae and hepatobiliary histopathology in white perch Morone americana from Chesapeake Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-31T13:47:48.818654","indexId":"70211580","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-23T08:41:31","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Seasonal development of the coccidian parasite <i>Goussia bayae</i> and hepatobiliary histopathology in white perch <i>Morone americana</i> from Chesapeake Bay","title":"Seasonal development of the coccidian parasite Goussia bayae and hepatobiliary histopathology in white perch Morone americana from Chesapeake Bay","docAbstract":"<p class=\"abstract_block\">The coccidium<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Goussia bayae</i><span>&nbsp;</span>infects the gallbladder and bile ducts of white perch<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Morone americana</i><span>&nbsp;</span>from Chesapeake Bay, USA. Seasonal changes in coccidian infections were analyzed from bile specimens of 1588 fish from the Choptank River during 2016-2018 using wet mount preparations with a Sedgwick-Rafter counting chamber. Histopathology of the gallbladder and liver was analyzed from a subset (n = 480) of these fish. Maximum parasite prevalence (100%) and intensities in the gallbladder occurred during the fish spawning season in March and April. Asynchronous coccidian development and prevalence of infections in fish increased gradually during autumn and winter, but coccidian intensity increased sharply 2-4 wk prior to the onset of fish spawning activity and decreased after spawning activity concluded. Sporulation was internal, and the gallbladder was the primary reservoir for oocysts. Two previously undescribed species of coccidia were observed in the intestine. Lesions in the gallbladder were rare and included cholecystitis and epithelial necrosis. Intrahepatic bile duct lesions were more common and included distension, cholangitis, epithelial erosion and necrosis, cholestasis, hyperplasia, and neoplasia. Cholangitis and necrosis of intrahepatic bile ducts were significantly associated with coccidial infections, while plasmodia of a myxosporean (spore morphology consistent with the genera<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Myxidium</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Zschokella</i>) were significantly associated with bile duct hyperplasia. Biliary neoplasia included cholangiomas (5% prevalence) and cholangiocarcinomas (1% prevalence). No association was detected between<span>&nbsp;</span><i>G. bayae</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and biliary neoplasms, but an association may exist between these lesions and the myxosporean plasmodia.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Center","doi":"10.3354/dao03353","usgsCitation":"Matsche, M.A., Blazer, V., and Mazik, P.M., 2019, Seasonal development of the coccidian parasite Goussia bayae and hepatobiliary histopathology in white perch Morone americana from Chesapeake Bay: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 134, no. 2, p. 113-135, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03353.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"135","ipdsId":"IP-104101","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376944,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.04736328125,\n              36.914764288955936\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.673828125,\n              37.814123701604466\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.82763671875,\n              38.57393751557591\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.904541015625,\n              39.64799732373418\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.640625,\n              39.29179704377487\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.75048828125,\n              38.47939467327645\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.178955078125,\n              38.74551518488265\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.332763671875,\n              38.44498466889473\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.36572265625,\n              38.30718056188316\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.981201171875,\n              38.272688535980976\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.025146484375,\n              38.12591462924157\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.04711914062499,\n              37.142803443716836\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.256103515625,\n              36.730079507078415\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.04736328125,\n              36.914764288955936\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"134","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matsche, Mark A","contributorId":194275,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matsche","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":150384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mazik, Patricia M. 0000-0002-8046-5929 pmazik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-5929","contributorId":2318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazik","given":"Patricia","email":"pmazik@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70203788,"text":"70203788 - 2019 - Encylopedia of Caves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-13T09:00:59","indexId":"70203788","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-16T08:59:45","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Encylopedia of Caves","docAbstract":"For many people, a visit to a cave is a wondrous event directing our minds to ponder the mysteries presented by these unique places\nand inspiring questions: How old is the cave? What was the role of water in forming the cave and where did the water come from?\nHow is the cave connected to the surface environment? These are intriguing questions to ask, and karst scientists use isotope\ngeochemistry to help solve these mysteries.\nIsotopes are atoms of the same chemical element that have the same number of protons but vary in their number of neutrons. As a\nresult of their atomic mass difference, isotopes of a single element may exhibit slightly different chemical behavior. Radioisotopes are\nunstable and the nucleus of a parent isotope will spontaneously break apart (decay), releasing energy and changing into another element\n(daughter product) by loss or gain of protons, neutrons, or electrons. Stable isotopes, as implied by the name, are stable and do not\nspontaneously decay. These two types of isotopes are used widely by scientists to understand ancient and modern karst systems.\nGenerally, radioisotopes are used for absolute dating karst water, cave sediments, cave formations (speleothems), and other\nmaterial preserved in caves (such as bones). Stable isotopes can provide information about relative ages of cave water and speleothems.\nAn absolute age provides a numeric date—such as 100,000 years old—whereas a relative age provides information that\nsomething is older or younger than something else—such as cave art is younger than a speleothem found in the same cave. Stable\nisotopes are used to study ancient karst systems because isotopic signals of past climate (paleoclimate) and environmental conditions\n(paleoenvironment) are preserved in speleothems and sediments. Stable isotopes are also used to understand modern\nsystems, primarily through studies that distinguish sources of karst water, cave air, or contaminants, mixing of those sources,\nand biologic or chemical reactions that process compounds, such as breakdown of contaminants or organic matter.\nThe variation in mass among isotopes is small, and isotope abundances are measured as a ratio of a common isotope to its less\ncommon isotopic counterparts (stable isotopes) or the abundance of a parent compared to daughter isotope (radioisotopes). As an\nexample, hydrogen (H) has three naturally occurring isotopes. Most H comprises one proton (1H), but the rarer stable isotope\n(called deuterium) comprises one proton and one neutron (2H), and the radioisotope (called tritium) comprises one proton\nand two neutrons (3H). Because scientists use the minute differences in isotopes to test hypotheses, a scientist must understand\nthe accuracy, precision, and error of the available methods, the assumptions about the chemical conditions of interest, and the\nlimitations of the isotopic method being used. Many isotopic studies employ multiple isotopic tracers to better leverage the\nstrengths and offset the limitations of using a single isotope. This article focuses on isotopes used to study the geology and\nhydrology of caves, but much additional isotopic work has been used to characterize the biology of caves.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Caves","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":14,"text":"Instruction"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","isbn":"9780128141243","usgsCitation":"Knierim, K.J., and Hays, P.D., 2019, Encylopedia of Caves, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of Caves, p. 567-575.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"567","endPage":"575","ipdsId":"IP-094092","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364629,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":364610,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.elsevier.com/books/encyclopedia-of-caves/white/978-0-12-814124-3"}],"edition":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knierim, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5361-4132 kknierim@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5361-4132","contributorId":191788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knierim","given":"Katherine","email":"kknierim@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hays, Phillip D. 0000-0001-5491-9272 pdhays@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5491-9272","contributorId":4145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hays","given":"Phillip","email":"pdhays@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70223346,"text":"70223346 - 2019 - Mechanisms underlying increased nest predation in natural gas fields: a test of the mesopredator release hypothesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T12:59:59.567114","indexId":"70223346","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-15T07:58:03","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mechanisms underlying increased nest predation in natural gas fields: a test of the mesopredator release hypothesis","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Anthropogenic activities are changing landscapes and the context in which predator–prey dynamics evolved, thereby altering key ecological processes and community structure. Yet, the specific mechanisms underlying such changes are rarely understood. We tested whether a mesopredator release explained increased rodent density and concomitant predation of songbird nests near natural gas development. From 2015 to 2016, we surveyed apex predators (coyotes, badgers, raptors, and corvids) and measured apparent survival and perceived predation risk of deer mice (<i>Peromyscus maniculatus</i>; a primary nest predator), at 12 plots spanning a gradient of surface disturbance caused by energy development in Wyoming, USA. Additionally, we measured densities of three nest predators: deer mice, least chipmunks (<i>Tamias minimus</i>), and thirteen-lined ground squirrels (<i>Ictidomys tridecemlineatus</i>). Contrary to the mesopredator release hypothesis, counts of apex predators and perceived predation risk of deer mice increased with surface disturbance from energy development, whereas apparent survival of mice decreased. Densities of mice and ground squirrels, however, increased with surface disturbance, despite increased predation pressure. We therefore rejected the mesopredator release hypothesis as a potential mechanism underlying altered trophic dynamics near energy development. Our results suggest that apex predator control measures would not benefit declining songbirds on natural gas fields. Rather, apex predator abundance may be regulated from the bottom-up by rodents in this system. Our results corroborate a pattern showing weakened effects of mesopredator release in habitats modified by humans. Understanding how predator–prey dynamics may be altered in novel environments requires an understanding of how predators and prey alike respond to habitat change under different contexts.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2738","usgsCitation":"Sanders, L., and Chalfoun, A.D., 2019, Mechanisms underlying increased nest predation in natural gas fields: a test of the mesopredator release hypothesis: Ecosphere, v. 10, no. 5, e02738, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2738.","productDescription":"e02738, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-102579","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2738","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388412,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-110.048476,40.997555],[-110.121639,40.997101],[-110.125709,40.99655],[-110.237848,40.995427],[-110.250709,40.996089],[-110.375714,40.994947],[-110.500718,40.994746],[-110.539819,40.996346],[-110.715026,40.996347],[-110.750727,40.996847],[-111.046723,40.997959],[-111.046551,41.251716],[-111.0466,41.360692],[-111.046264,41.377731],[-111.045789,41.565571],[-111.045818,41.579845],[-111.046689,42.001567],[-111.047109,42.142497],[-111.047107,42.148971],[-111.047058,42.182672],[-111.047097,42.194773],[-111.047074,42.280787],[-111.04708,42.34942],[-111.046801,42.504946],[-111.046719,42.513118],[-111.046017,42.582723],[-111.043564,42.722624],[-111.044135,42.874924],[-111.043959,42.96445],[-111.043957,42.969482],[-111.043924,42.975063],[-111.044129,43.018702],[-111.044156,43.020052],[-111.044206,43.022614],[-111.044034,43.024581],[-111.044034,43.024844],[-111.044033,43.026411],[-111.044094,43.02927],[-111.043997,43.041415],[-111.044058,43.04464],[-111.044063,43.046302],[-111.044086,43.054819],[-111.044117,43.060309],[-111.04415,43.066172],[-111.044162,43.068222],[-111.044143,43.072364],[-111.044235,43.177121],[-111.044266,43.177236],[-111.044232,43.18444],[-111.044168,43.189244],[-111.044229,43.195579],[-111.044617,43.31572],[-111.045205,43.501136],[-111.045706,43.659112],[-111.04588,43.681033],[-111.046118,43.684902],[-111.046051,43.685812],[-111.04611,43.687848],[-111.046421,43.722059],[-111.046435,43.726545],[-111.04634,43.726957],[-111.046715,43.815832],[-111.046515,43.908376],[-111.046917,43.974978],[-111.047064,43.983467],[-111.047349,43.999921],[-111.049077,44.020072],[-111.048751,44.060403],[-111.048751,44.060838],[-111.048633,44.062903],[-111.048452,44.114831],[-111.049119,44.124923],[-111.049695,44.353626],[-111.049148,44.374925],[-111.049216,44.435811],[-111.049194,44.438058],[-111.048974,44.474072],[-111.055208,44.624927],[-111.055333,44.666263],[-111.055511,44.725343],[-111.056416,44.749928],[-111.056888,44.866658],[-111.055629,44.933578],[-111.056207,44.935901],[-111.055199,45.001321],[-111.044275,45.001345],[-110.785008,45.002952],[-110.761554,44.999934],[-110.750767,44.997948],[-110.705272,44.992324],[-110.552433,44.992237],[-110.547165,44.992459],[-110.48807,44.992361],[-110.402927,44.99381],[-110.362698,45.000593],[-110.342131,44.999053],[-110.324441,44.999156],[-110.28677,44.99685],[-110.199503,44.996188],[-110.110103,45.003905],[-110.026347,45.003665],[-110.025544,45.003602],[-109.99505,45.003174],[-109.875735,45.003275],[-109.798687,45.002188],[-109.75073,45.001605],[-109.663673,45.002536],[-109.574321,45.002631],[-109.386432,45.004887],[-109.375713,45.00461],[-109.269294,45.005283],[-109.263431,45.005345],[-109.103445,45.005904],[-109.08301,44.99961],[-109.062262,44.999623],[-108.621313,45.000408],[-108.578484,45.000484],[-108.565921,45.000578],[-108.500679,44.999691],[-108.271201,45.000251],[-108.249345,44.999458],[-108.238139,45.000206],[-108.218479,45.000541],[-108.14939,45.001062],[-108.000663,45.001223],[-107.997353,45.001565],[-107.911743,45.001292],[-107.750654,45.000778],[-107.608854,45.00086],[-107.607824,45.000929],[-107.49205,45.00148],[-107.351441,45.001407],[-107.13418,45.000109],[-107.125633,44.999388],[-107.105685,44.998734],[-107.084939,44.996599],[-107.074996,44.997004],[-107.050801,44.996424],[-106.892875,44.995947],[-106.888773,44.995885],[-106.263586,44.993788],[-106.024814,44.993688],[-105.928184,44.993647],[-105.914258,44.999986],[-105.913382,45.000941],[-105.848065,45.000396],[-105.076607,45.000347],[-105.038405,45.000345],[-105.025266,45.00029],[-105.019284,45.000329],[-105.01824,45.000437],[-104.765063,44.999183],[-104.759855,44.999066],[-104.72637,44.999518],[-104.665171,44.998618],[-104.663882,44.998869],[-104.470422,44.998453],[-104.470117,44.998453],[-104.250145,44.99822],[-104.057698,44.997431],[-104.055914,44.874986],[-104.056496,44.867034],[-104.055963,44.768236],[-104.055963,44.767962],[-104.055934,44.72372],[-104.05587,44.723422],[-104.055777,44.700466],[-104.055938,44.693881],[-104.05581,44.691343],[-104.055877,44.571016],[-104.055892,44.543341],[-104.055927,44.51773],[-104.055389,44.249983],[-104.054487,44.180381],[-104.054562,44.141081],[-104.05495,43.93809],[-104.055077,43.936535],[-104.055488,43.853477],[-104.055488,43.853476],[-104.055138,43.750421],[-104.055133,43.747105],[-104.054902,43.583852],[-104.054885,43.583512],[-104.05484,43.579368],[-104.055032,43.558603],[-104.054787,43.503328],[-104.054786,43.503072],[-104.054779,43.477815],[-104.054766,43.428914],[-104.054614,43.390949],[-104.054403,43.325914],[-104.054218,43.30437],[-104.053884,43.297047],[-104.053876,43.289801],[-104.053127,43.000585],[-104.052863,42.754569],[-104.052809,42.749966],[-104.052583,42.650062],[-104.052741,42.633982],[-104.052586,42.630917],[-104.052773,42.611766],[-104.052775,42.61159],[-104.052775,42.610813],[-104.053107,42.499964],[-104.052776,42.25822],[-104.052793,42.249962],[-104.053125,42.249962],[-104.052761,42.170278],[-104.052547,42.166801],[-104.053001,42.137254],[-104.052738,42.133769],[-104.0526,42.124963],[-104.052954,42.089077],[-104.052967,42.075004],[-104.05288,42.021761],[-104.052729,42.016318],[-104.052704,42.001718],[-104.052699,41.998673],[-104.052761,41.994967],[-104.05283,41.9946],[-104.052856,41.975958],[-104.052734,41.973007],[-104.052991,41.914973],[-104.052931,41.906143],[-104.053026,41.885464],[-104.052774,41.733401],[-104.05283,41.697954],[-104.052913,41.64519],[-104.052945,41.638167],[-104.052975,41.622931],[-104.052735,41.613676],[-104.052859,41.592254],[-104.05254,41.564274],[-104.052531,41.552723],[-104.052584,41.55265],[-104.052692,41.541154],[-104.052686,41.539111],[-104.052476,41.522343],[-104.052478,41.515754],[-104.05234,41.417865],[-104.05216,41.407662],[-104.052287,41.393307],[-104.052288,41.393214],[-104.052687,41.330569],[-104.052324,41.321144],[-104.052476,41.320961],[-104.052568,41.316202],[-104.052453,41.278202],[-104.052574,41.278019],[-104.052666,41.275251],[-104.053514,41.157257],[-104.053142,41.114457],[-104.053083,41.104985],[-104.053025,41.090274],[-104.053177,41.089725],[-104.053097,41.018045],[-104.053158,41.016809],[-104.053249,41.001406],[-104.066961,41.001504],[-104.086068,41.001563],[-104.10459,41.001543],[-104.123586,41.001626],[-104.211473,41.001591],[-104.214191,41.001568],[-104.214692,41.001657],[-104.467672,41.001473],[-104.497058,41.001805],[-104.497149,41.001828],[-104.675999,41.000957],[-104.829504,40.99927],[-104.855273,40.998048],[-104.943371,40.998084],[-105.254779,40.99821],[-105.256527,40.998191],[-105.27686,40.998173],[-105.277138,40.998173],[-105.724804,40.99691],[-105.730421,40.996886],[-106.061181,40.996999],[-106.190554,40.997607],[-106.217573,40.997734],[-106.321165,40.999123],[-106.386356,41.001144],[-106.391852,41.001176],[-106.43095,41.001752],[-106.437419,41.001795],[-106.439563,41.001978],[-106.453859,41.002057],[-106.857773,41.002663],[-107.000606,41.003444],[-107.241194,41.002804],[-107.317794,41.002967],[-107.367443,41.003073],[-107.625624,41.002124],[-107.918421,41.002036],[-108.046539,41.002064],[-108.181227,41.000455],[-108.250649,41.000114],[-108.500659,41.000112],[-108.526667,40.999608],[-108.631108,41.000156],[-108.884138,41.000094],[-109.050076,41.000659],[-109.173682,41.000859],[-109.231985,41.002059],[-109.250735,41.001009],[-109.500694,40.999127],[-109.534926,40.998143],[-109.676421,40.998395],[-109.713877,40.998266],[-109.715409,40.998191],[-109.854302,40.997661],[-109.855299,40.997614],[-109.97553,40.997912],[-109.999838,40.99733],[-110.000708,40.997352],[-110.006495,40.997815],[-110.048476,40.997555]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Wyoming\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"10","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanders, Lindsey E.","contributorId":264650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanders","given":"Lindsey E.","affiliations":[{"id":40829,"text":"uwy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chalfoun, Anna D. 0000-0002-0219-6006 achalfoun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0219-6006","contributorId":197589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalfoun","given":"Anna","email":"achalfoun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70203953,"text":"70203953 - 2019 - Species insurance trumps spatial insurance in stabilizing biomass of a marine macroalgal metacommunity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-13T15:55:47","indexId":"70203953","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-13T17:13:16","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Species insurance trumps spatial insurance in stabilizing biomass of a marine macroalgal metacommunity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Because natural ecosystems are complex, it is difficult to predict how their variability scales across space and levels of organization. The species‐insurance hypothesis predicts that asynchronous dynamics among species should reduce variability when biomass is aggregated either from local species populations to local multispecies communities, or from metapopulations to metacommunities. Similarly, the spatial‐insurance hypothesis predicts that asynchronous spatial dynamics among either local populations or local communities should stabilize metapopulation biomass and metacommunity biomass, respectively. In combination, both species and spatial insurance reduce variation in metacommunity biomass over time, yet these insurances are rarely considered together in natural systems. We partitioned the extent that species insurance and spatial insurance reduced the annual variation in macroalgal biomass in a southern California kelp forest. We quantified variability and synchrony at two levels of organization (population and community) and two spatial scales (local plots and region) and quantified the strength of species and spatial insurance by comparing observed variability and synchrony in aggregate biomass to null models of independent species or spatial dynamics based on cyclic‐shift permutation. Spatial insurance was weak, presumably because large‐scale oceanographic processes in the study region led to high spatial synchrony at both population‐ and community‐level biomass. Species insurance was stronger due to asynchronous dynamics among the metapopulations of a few common species. In particular, a regional decline in the dominant understory kelp species&nbsp;</span><i>Pterygophora californica</i><span>&nbsp;was compensated for by the rise of three subdominant species. These compensatory dynamics were associated with positive values of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, indicating that differential species tolerances to warmer temperature and nutrient‐poor conditions may underlie species insurance in this system. Our results illustrate how species insurance can stabilize aggregate community properties in natural ecosystems where environmental conditions vary over broad spatial scales.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecy.2719","usgsCitation":"Lamy, T., Wang, S., Renard, D., Lafferty, K.D., Reed, D.C., and Miller, R.J., 2019, Species insurance trumps spatial insurance in stabilizing biomass of a marine macroalgal metacommunity: Ecology, v. 100, no. 2, e02719, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2719.","productDescription":"e02719, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104448","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364980,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lamy, Thomas","contributorId":203605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamy","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Shaopeng","contributorId":216516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Shaopeng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39466,"text":"Peking University, Beijing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Renard, Delphine","contributorId":216517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renard","given":"Delphine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reed, Daniel C.","contributorId":203607,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reed","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Robert J.","contributorId":176277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70216495,"text":"70216495 - 2019 - Managing for multiple species: Greater sage‐grouse and sagebrush songbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-19T20:28:36.624533","indexId":"70216495","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-13T10:58:31","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Managing for multiple species: Greater sage‐grouse and sagebrush songbirds","docAbstract":"<p><span>Human activity has altered 33–50% of Earth's surface, including temperate grasslands and sagebrush rangelands, resulting in a loss of biodiversity. By promoting habitat for sensitive or wide‐ranging species, less exigent species may be protected in an umbrella effect. The greater sage‐grouse (</span><i>Centrocercus urophasianus</i><span>; sage‐grouse) has been proposed as an umbrella for other sagebrush‐obligate species because it has an extensive range that overlaps with many other species, it is sensitive to anthropogenic activity, it requires resources over large landscapes, and its habitat needs are known. The efficacy of the umbrella concept, however, is often assumed and rarely tested. Therefore, we surveyed sage‐grouse pellet occurrence and sagebrush‐associated songbird abundance in northwest Colorado, USA, to determine the amount of habitat overlap between sage‐grouse and 4 songbirds (Brewer's sparrow [</span><i>Spizella breweri</i><span>], sage thrasher [</span><i>Oreoscoptes montanus</i><span>], sagebrush sparrow [</span><i>Artemisiospiza nevadensis</i><span>]), and green‐tailed towhee [</span><i>Pipilo chlorurus</i><span>]). During May and June 2013–2015, we conducted standard point count breeding surveys for songbirds and counted sage‐grouse pellets within 300 10‐m radius plots. We modeled songbird abundance and sage‐grouse pellet occurrence with multi‐scaled environmental features, such as sagebrush cover and bare ground. To evaluate sage‐grouse as an umbrella for sagebrush‐associated passerines, we determined the correlation between probability of sage‐grouse pellet occurrence and model‐predicted songbird densities per sampling plot. We then classified the sage‐grouse probability of occurrence as high (probability &gt;0.5) and low (probability ≤0.5) and mapped model‐predicted surfaces for each species in our study area. We determined average songbird density in areas of high and low probability of sage‐grouse occurrence. Sagebrush cover at intermediate scales was an important predictor for all species, and ground cover was important for all species except sage thrashers. Areas with a higher probability of sage‐grouse occurrence also contained higher densities of Brewer's sparrows, green‐tailed towhees, and sage thrashers, but predicted sagebrush sparrow densities were lower in these areas. In northwest Colorado, sage‐grouse may be an effective umbrella for Brewer's sparrows, green‐tailed towhees, and sage thrashers, but sage‐grouse habitat does not appear to capture areas that support high sagebrush sparrow densities. A multi‐species focus may be the best management and conservation strategy for several species of concern, especially those with conflicting habitat requirements.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21663","usgsCitation":"Timmer, J.M., Aldridge, C.L., and Fernandez-Gimenez, M., 2019, Managing for multiple species: Greater sage‐grouse and sagebrush songbirds: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 83, no. 5, p. 1043-1056, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21663.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1043","endPage":"1056","ipdsId":"IP-104297","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380700,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Moffat County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-107.3181,41.0035],[-107.3178,40.9852],[-107.3177,40.9789],[-107.3175,40.9707],[-107.3171,40.9503],[-107.317,40.9412],[-107.3173,40.929],[-107.3171,40.9145],[-107.3167,40.8596],[-107.3166,40.856],[-107.3157,40.8378],[-107.3145,40.7748],[-107.3144,40.7716],[-107.3131,40.7013],[-107.3131,40.699],[-107.3128,40.6854],[-107.3126,40.6723],[-107.3121,40.6142],[-107.3119,40.5997],[-107.3688,40.5996],[-107.3683,40.5429],[-107.427,40.5427],[-107.427,40.5132],[-107.4276,40.4238],[-107.4294,40.3612],[-107.4297,40.3467],[-107.43,40.3322],[-107.4402,40.3321],[-107.4382,40.2618],[-107.4389,40.2235],[-107.4396,40.219],[-107.7614,40.2214],[-107.8192,40.2211],[-107.8758,40.2207],[-107.8945,40.2209],[-107.9144,40.221],[-107.9523,40.2213],[-107.9891,40.2217],[-108.0084,40.2218],[-108.0855,40.2224],[-108.1042,40.2225],[-108.1626,40.2225],[-108.1819,40.2226],[-108.2011,40.2227],[-108.218,40.2229],[-108.2367,40.2225],[-108.256,40.2226],[-108.2945,40.2224],[-108.3313,40.2222],[-108.3891,40.2225],[-108.4083,40.2221],[-108.4445,40.2223],[-108.5023,40.2221],[-108.5216,40.2217],[-108.5577,40.2219],[-108.5975,40.2215],[-108.6553,40.2212],[-108.6692,40.2214],[-109.051,40.2228],[-109.0514,40.2608],[-109.0514,40.2753],[-109.0514,40.2844],[-109.0513,40.292],[-109.0512,40.3206],[-109.0509,40.3583],[-109.0509,40.3874],[-109.0509,40.4041],[-109.0508,40.419],[-109.0507,40.4491],[-109.0508,40.4636],[-109.0508,40.4713],[-109.0508,40.4767],[-109.0505,40.4931],[-109.0503,40.5317],[-109.0501,40.5774],[-109.0501,40.5793],[-109.0501,40.5933],[-109.0501,40.6096],[-109.0501,40.6515],[-109.0501,40.6545],[-109.0499,40.666],[-109.0501,40.6949],[-109.0499,40.7516],[-109.0499,40.7693],[-109.0498,40.7834],[-109.0497,40.824],[-109.0493,40.8433],[-109.0493,40.8453],[-109.0492,40.8587],[-109.0488,40.8866],[-109.0489,40.9036],[-109.0487,40.9107],[-109.049,40.9268],[-109.0488,40.9479],[-109.049,41],[-108.9729,41.0002],[-108.9315,41.0001],[-108.912,41.0001],[-108.7655,41.0002],[-108.746,41.0002],[-108.6516,41.0005],[-108.6321,41.0005],[-108.5699,41.0003],[-108.3781,40.9997],[-108.3745,40.9997],[-108.3118,41],[-108.2923,41.0001],[-108.263,41.0003],[-108.2186,41.0007],[-108.1808,41.001],[-108.0007,41.0025],[-107.966,41.0028],[-107.9154,41.0029],[-107.888,41.0029],[-107.8801,41.0029],[-107.8521,41.0029],[-107.8391,41.0028],[-107.8326,41.0028],[-107.8206,41.0028],[-107.8131,41.0028],[-107.7845,41.0028],[-107.7078,41.0028],[-107.6767,41.0028],[-107.6049,41.0028],[-107.5288,41.0026],[-107.5136,41.0026],[-107.5093,41.0026],[-107.4947,41.0026],[-107.4575,41.0027],[-107.4137,41.0029],[-107.3948,41.003],[-107.3674,41.0032],[-107.3437,41.0033],[-107.3181,41.0035]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Moffat\",\"state\":\"CO\"}}]}","volume":"83","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Timmer, Jennifer M.","contributorId":140717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Timmer","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":805436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fernandez-Gimenez, Maria E","contributorId":245143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernandez-Gimenez","given":"Maria E","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70203937,"text":"70203937 - 2019 - Postfire population dynamics of a fire-dependent cypress","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-24T16:09:30","indexId":"70203937","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-10T15:58:42","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3086,"text":"Plant Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Postfire population dynamics of a fire-dependent cypress","docAbstract":"<p>Tecate cypress (<i>Hesperocyparis forbesii</i>) is a rare species restricted to four metapopulations in southern California, USA and a few isolated stands in northern Baja California, Mexico. It is a closed-cone, fire-dependent tree of conservation concern due to an increase in human-caused wildfires that have shortened the interval between fires in many of their populations. In 2003 the Mine/Otay Fire burned 70% of the Tecate cypress on Otay Mountain in San Diego County, California providing an opportunity to evaluate the immaturity risk of this species and to examine its recruitment, survivorship, and reproductive maturity over a 14-year period from 2004 to 2017. Sixteen plots were established in burned stands of Tecate cypress with prefire ages that ranged from 7 to 53 years old. After 14 years the overall density of Tecate cypress was still higher than before the fire, however the areal extent of the species decreased due to the loss of locations where either there was low cone production or fire intensity was too high. The immaturity risk for this species, while a function of prefire stand age, is confounded by other factors including the reproductive capacities of trees based on their density and size and the climatic variables affecting their growth over time. The future management of Tecate cypress and other fire-dependent species requires a knowledge of all factors impacting their immaturity risk, as well as an understanding of the potential fire-climate interactions that may impact their persistence in a future of climate change and altered fire regimes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s11258-019-00939-8","usgsCitation":"Brennan, T.J., and Keeley, J., 2019, Postfire population dynamics of a fire-dependent cypress: Plant Ecology, v. 220, no. 6, p. 605-617, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-019-00939-8.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"605","endPage":"617","ipdsId":"IP-095348","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9RO7USR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Demographic data for Hesperocyparis forbesii on Otay Mountain 2004-2017"},{"id":364967,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Guatay Mountain, Otay Mountain, Sierra Peak, Tecate Peak","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.68056869506836,\n              33.835488444433565\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.63198852539062,\n              33.835488444433565\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.63198852539062,\n              33.865854454071865\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.68056869506836,\n              33.865854454071865\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.68056869506836,\n              33.835488444433565\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.9110107421875,\n              32.56186095435066\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.76406860351561,\n              32.56186095435066\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.76406860351561,\n              32.64284407703449\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.9110107421875,\n              32.64284407703449\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.9110107421875,\n              32.56186095435066\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.72046661376953,\n              32.57488103574348\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.66107177734375,\n              32.57488103574348\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.66107177734375,\n              32.61132720713442\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.72046661376953,\n              32.61132720713442\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.72046661376953,\n              32.57488103574348\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.59721374511719,\n              32.82017191140528\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.53472900390625,\n              32.82017191140528\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.53472900390625,\n              32.85594120414512\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.59721374511719,\n              32.85594120414512\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.59721374511719,\n              32.82017191140528\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"220","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brennan, Teresa J. 0000-0002-0646-3298 tjbrennan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0646-3298","contributorId":4323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brennan","given":"Teresa","email":"tjbrennan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeley, Jon","contributorId":216484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70203941,"text":"70203941 - 2019 - Bryophyte abundance, composition and importance to woody plant recruitment in natural and restoration forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-22T14:29:19","indexId":"70203941","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-07T16:21:01","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bryophyte abundance, composition and importance to woody plant recruitment in natural and restoration forests","docAbstract":"Restoration of tropical forests can lead to enhanced ecosystem services and increases in native biodiversity. Bryophytes may be an integral part of the forest restoration process and can serve a critical role in forest functioning. However, the recovery of bryophytes and their ability to facilitate woody plant establishment during restoration remains poorly studied, especially in the tropics. We investigate how bryophyte abundance and community composition, as well as woody plant seedling associations with bryophyte mats and other ground cover types change from under the canopy of intact forest to under trees in restoration corridor plantings in Hawaii. Restoration corridors consisted of corridors of koa (Acacia koa) trees that were planted roughly 30 years ago. Some corridors were planted around remnant ʻōhiʻa trees (Metrosideros polymorpha) that can be several hundred years old. We sampled under ʻōhiʻa in intact forest and both koa and ʻōhiʻa trees in restoration corridors. In restoration corridors, bryophyte abundance was low relative to intact forest and species diversity was a subset of that found in intact forest despite restoration corridors being several decades old. Seedlings strongly associated with bryophytes across all habitats suggesting that bryophytes may significantly enhance forest seedling establishment when present in restoration corridors. Other ground cover types like woody litter and nurse logs also had a positive association with forest seedlings but were rare in restoration corridors. Grass remained a dominant ground cover type in restoration corridors under koa and remnant ʻōhiʻa trees and only a single seedling was ever found growing in this grass. Enhancing bryophyte growth and recovery within restoration plantings through the reduction of grass cover could facilitate native plant establishment.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2019.04.055","usgsCitation":"Rehm, E.M., Thomas, M.K., Yelenik, S.G., Bouck, D.L., and D’Antonio, C.M., 2019, Bryophyte abundance, composition and importance to woody plant recruitment in natural and restoration forests: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 444, p. 405-413, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.04.055.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"405","endPage":"413","ipdsId":"IP-107893","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467632,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.04.055","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GEHLC5","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Bryophyte and plant seedling composition and abundance data for Hakalau Forest NWR"},{"id":364972,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.35903930664062,\n              19.80805412808859\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.3466796875,\n              19.761533975023298\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.31509399414062,\n              19.71241464369997\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.22308349609375,\n              19.743439137165165\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.21347045898438,\n              19.85068565476247\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.1873779296875,\n              19.907509877707277\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.31509399414062,\n              19.944951054874952\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.35903930664062,\n              19.80805412808859\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"444","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rehm, Evan M","contributorId":216487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rehm","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":39457,"text":"University of California at Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Miles K","contributorId":216488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Miles","email":"","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[{"id":39036,"text":"University of Hawaii at Manoa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yelenik, Stephanie G. 0000-0002-9011-0769 syelenik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-0769","contributorId":5251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yelenik","given":"Stephanie","email":"syelenik@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bouck, Dave L","contributorId":216489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bouck","given":"Dave","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":39456,"text":"USGS-PIERC (formerly)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"D’Antonio, Carla M.","contributorId":196690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Antonio","given":"Carla","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70203057,"text":"fs20193024 - 2019 - Remote sensing of river flow in Alaska—New technology to improve safety and expand coverage of USGS streamgaging","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-07T10:15:04","indexId":"fs20193024","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-06T12:49:17","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-3024","displayTitle":"Remote Sensing of Streamflow in Alaska Rivers—New Technology to Improve Safety and Expand Coverage of USGS Streamgaging","title":"Remote sensing of river flow in Alaska—New technology to improve safety and expand coverage of USGS streamgaging","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey monitors water level (water surface elevation relative to an arbitrary datum) and measures streamflow in Alaska rivers to compute and compile river flow records for use by water resource planners, engineers, and land managers to design infrastructure, manage floodplains, and protect life, property, and aquatic resources. Alaska has over 800,000 miles of rivers including the Yukon River, the third longest river in the United States. These rivers are home to rare and important ecosystems and are used for recreation, hydropower generation, commercial fishing, and transportation. River flow measurements are essential for wise and safe development and use of Alaska rivers.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20193024","usgsCitation":"Conaway, J.S., Eggleston, J., Legleiter, C.J., Jones, J.W., Kinzel, P.J., and Fulton, J.W., 2019, Remote sensing of river flow in Alaska—New technology to improve safety and expand coverage of USGS streamgaging: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2019-3024, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193024.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-101572","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":363541,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3024/fs20193024.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2019-3024"},{"id":363540,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3024/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-141.0007667541504,69.64681951728146],[-141.064453125,69.80172356231073],[-141.767578125,69.96043926902489],[-142.734375,70.1478274118401],[-143.26171875,70.25945200030638],[-144.99755859375,70.1925497583889],[-146.14013671875,70.21487465331137],[-147.43652343749997,70.32613725493573],[-148.40332031249997,70.51024068514326],[-149.47998046875,70.63448406630856],[-149.85351562499997,70.63448406630856],[-150.64453125,70.59802116106809],[-151.611328125,70.61261423801925],[-151.8310546875,70.7724429742589],[-152.02880859375,70.90226826757711],[-152.666015625,71.0098110139634],[-153.52294921875,71.05979781529196],[-154.31396484375,70.95969716686398],[-154.70947265625,71.20191973293133],[-155.41259765625,71.3219146980122],[-156.46728515625,71.45515260247822],[-157.10449218749997,71.34301347171373],[-157.58789062499997,71.21607526596131],[-157.91748046875,70.99550574822297],[-158.62060546875,70.9883492241249],[-159.30175781249997,70.98119010476937],[-159.98291015625,70.94535555009823],[-160.51025390625,70.73622993891799],[-160.90576171875,70.58341752317065],[-161.5869140625,70.45150843439349],[-161.78466796875,70.45885925640687],[-162.5537109375,70.34092679475283],[-163.05908203125,70.09552886456429],[-163.388671875,69.81689109911446],[-163.564453125,69.51914693717981],[-164.02587890625,69.15474044269264],[-164.90478515625,69.03714171275197],[-165.69580078124997,68.97416358340674],[-166.26708984375,69.01354605132325],[-166.376953125,68.80004113882613],[-166.66259765624997,68.5443150407769],[-167.1240234375,68.39918004344189],[-166.61865234375,68.17155518732503],[-166.5087890625,67.99110834539984],[-165.87158203125,67.8672645403614],[-164.61914062499997,67.47492238478702],[-164.24560546874997,67.23806155909902],[-164.091796875,67.02458758377148],[-163.10302734375,66.87834504307976],[-163.05908203125,66.73990169639414],[-162.66357421875,66.58321725728175],[-162.333984375,66.48697584176404],[-162.3779296875,66.34632215978135],[-163.2568359375,66.31103501145373],[-163.19091796875,66.55700652350038],[-163.76220703124997,66.73990169639414],[-164.46533203125,66.69647781801481],[-165.30029296875,66.55700652350038],[-166.1572265625,66.41674787052298],[-166.9482421875,66.24916310923315],[-167.3876953125,66.01801815922045],[-168.42041015625,65.56754970214311],[-168.02490234375,65.33017791526855],[-167.45361328125,65.18303007291382],[-166.9921875,64.86760781632728],[-166.7724609375,64.49172504435471],[-165.69580078124997,64.24459476798195],[-164.59716796875,64.29229248039543],[-164.13574218749997,64.26368374017731],[-163.49853515625,64.18724867664994],[-162.5537109375,64.27322328178595],[-161.82861328124997,64.24459476798195],[-161.52099609375,63.93737246791484],[-163.125,63.68524808030715],[-163.93798828125,63.41119772365924],[-164.5751953125,63.32254947641308],[-165.41015625,63.15435519659187],[-165.78369140625,62.75472592723178],[-166.26708984375,62.42090322195164],[-166.5966796875,62.155240711732425],[-166.48681640625,61.616843178481375],[-166.2451171875,61.23853141060282],[-165.849609375,60.8663124746226],[-166.5966796875,60.56537850464181],[-167.34375,60.468050120874615],[-167.80517578125,60.20707506634915],[-167.8271484375,60.09771842541544],[-167.89306640624997,59.93300042374631],[-167.03613281249997,59.712097173322924],[-166.640625,59.61221219518693],[-165.95947265624997,59.60109549032134],[-165.47607421874997,59.74532608213611],[-165.10253906249997,59.95501026206206],[-164.794921875,59.987997631212224],[-164.72900390624997,59.7563950493563],[-164.46533203125,59.54545678424146],[-163.8720703125,59.54545678424146],[-163.14697265625,59.60109549032134],[-162.26806640625,59.62332522313024],[-162.20214843749997,59.17592824927136],[-162.35595703125,58.81374171570782],[-162.57568359375,58.6769376725869],[-162.09228515625,58.39019698411526],[-161.455078125,58.39019698411526],[-160.68603515625,58.44773280389084],[-160.1806640625,58.516651799363785],[-159.71923828125,58.58543569119917],[-159.43359375,58.47072082411973],[-159.08203125,58.33256713195789],[-158.55468749999997,58.286395482881034],[-158.44482421874997,58.619777025081675],[-157.60986328125,58.52812515905843],[-158.00537109375,58.00809779306888],[-158.48876953125,57.468589192089354],[-159.49951171875,56.84897198026975],[-161.0595703125,56.389583525613055],[-164.9267578125,54.97761367069628],[-165.9814453125,54.470037612805754],[-168.55224609375,53.73571574532637],[-173.232421875,52.92215137976296],[-175.62744140624997,52.3755991766591],[-177.86865234375,52.13348804077147],[-181.34033203125,52.348763181988105],[-185.60302734375,53.09402405506325],[-187.58056640625,53.38332836757156],[-188.1298828125,52.9883372533954],[-186.5478515625,52.14697334064471],[-182.21923828125,51.52241608253253],[-180.0439453125,50.88917404890332],[-178.9453125,50.98609893339354],[-178.00048828125,51.440312757160115],[-176.8359375,51.467696956223364],[-175.36376953125,51.7406361640977],[-171.826171875,52.119998657638156],[-167.62939453124997,52.9883372533954],[-166.728515625,53.186287573913305],[-165.9375,53.553362785528094],[-165.30029296875,53.76170183021049],[-164.3115234375,54.149567212540525],[-163.89404296875,54.29088164657006],[-163.3447265625,54.18815548107151],[-162.26806640625,54.07228265560388],[-162.09228515625,54.3549556895541],[-161.89453125,54.7246201949245],[-161.0595703125,54.80068486732233],[-160.400390625,54.67383096593114],[-159.19189453125,54.61025498157912],[-159.14794921875,55.07836723201515],[-158.79638671875,55.429013452407396],[-157.58789062499997,55.825973254619015],[-155.7421875,55.541064956111036],[-154.62158203125,56.01066647040695],[-153.47900390625,56.43820369358165],[-151.45751953125,57.397624055000456],[-151.4794921875,58.07787626787517],[-151.45751953125,58.75680543225761],[-149.74365234374997,59.38917842312835],[-148.51318359375,59.63443457494949],[-146.689453125,59.355596110016315],[-144.51416015625,59.75086102411168],[-144.3109130859375,59.87239799228177],[-143.8330078125,59.968758992382334],[-143.0694580078125,60.031929699115615],[-141.5533447265625,59.842055288480076],[-140.9051513671875,59.68160832698723],[-140.020751953125,59.478568831926395],[-139.1693115234375,59.234986238722],[-138.82873535156247,59.09138238455909],[-138.3233642578125,58.96983560365735],[-138.1146240234375,58.862064179600374],[-138.076171875,58.722598828043374],[-136.9775390625,58.19387126497797],[-136.56005859375,57.7862326105289],[-135.966796875,57.33838126552897],[-136.03271484375,57.052681978717494],[-135.81298828125,56.92099675839107],[-134.571533203125,55.8845546603819],[-134.2034912109375,55.56592203025787],[-133.8958740234375,55.263468250921285],[-133.7530517578125,55.06264118216743],[-133.6102294921875,54.64523407607479],[-133.2421875,54.635697306063854],[-130.6171417236328,54.70637513489091],[-130.62950134277344,54.72422365048395],[-130.62606811523438,54.73651472417763],[-130.65765380859375,54.762274228176494],[-130.62950134277344,54.78247406031503],[-130.5663299560547,54.79237225560392],[-130.49697875976562,54.82877675365454],[-130.42282104492188,54.87423625974835],[-130.34591674804688,54.91569803760518],[-130.27244567871094,54.97288463122321],[-130.18661499023438,55.062247951730015],[-130.18043518066406,55.091729515360875],[-130.15090942382812,55.12393783348962],[-130.14747619628906,55.14160209881279],[-130.10284423828125,55.19219635238084],[-129.97169494628906,55.28146181651345],[-129.97581481933594,55.30022902025666],[-130.02044677734375,55.33890835596374],[-130.0396728515625,55.45043679812318],[-130.0884246826172,55.496749338303694],[-130.12825012207028,55.58144971869657],[-130.10971069335938,55.68223010941079],[-130.14816284179688,55.71473455012689],[-130.15296936035156,55.7649857705176],[-130.12550354003906,55.80475427021683],[-130.0843048095703,55.82134464477078],[-130.00465393066406,55.90573012454021],[-130.00465393066406,55.9130425993163],[-130.0190734863281,55.912657766599715],[-130.00259399414062,56.00605986001467],[-130.10421752929688,56.12297419573329],[-130.24635314941406,56.09693875609652],[-130.3479766845703,56.12794955397159],[-130.42556762695312,56.14134155069025],[-130.4674530029297,56.24373146827144],[-130.55740356445312,56.249454174583384],[-130.5677032470703,56.25479459547735],[-130.62400817871094,56.2685236855868],[-130.78262329101562,56.36715174252849],[-131.08612060546875,56.40668363558357],[-131.16989135742188,56.44883107459549],[-131.473388671875,56.551913918713375],[-131.58119201660156,56.61204220477141],[-131.8352508544922,56.59843662755775],[-131.85997009277344,56.702620872371355],[-131.89979553222656,56.75347577609789],[-131.87232971191406,56.805765643008264],[-132.12432861328122,56.87374615531272],[-132.0467376708984,57.04521234171931],[-132.3687744140625,57.09149987857074],[-132.2472381591797,57.211056900559335],[-132.3680877685547,57.347273783306676],[-132.55210876464844,57.49516565182901],[-132.65853881835938,57.61562391374733],[-132.75466918945312,57.69680911844304],[-132.8693389892578,57.83853792318956],[-133.06983947753906,58.00082136594698],[-133.17283630371094,58.15404059343076],[-133.34518432617188,58.27628739957773],[-133.45985412597656,58.38731772556939],[-133.37608337402344,58.430481925680034],[-133.70567321777344,58.611194853078764],[-133.83956909179685,58.730440812979516],[-134.25979614257812,58.861354043320055],[-134.3360137939453,58.92414471817596],[-134.3140411376953,58.962755708753306],[-134.4060516357422,58.978683427688686],[-134.38133239746094,59.03878841190553],[-134.44656372070312,59.08820785301446],[-134.48501586914062,59.13121539881386],[-134.56329345703125,59.130510792073984],[-134.67933654785156,59.191757369765085],[-134.70130920410156,59.24973478117606],[-134.95742797851562,59.279914277804906],[-135.02883911132812,59.34649517787861],[-134.9897003173828,59.3877798237848],[-135.10093688964844,59.42622028594434],[-135.07827758789062,59.45275367774563],[-135.0274658203125,59.47473269180728],[-135.03021240234375,59.564245132658975],[-135.11810302734372,59.62367244601488],[-135.15586853027344,59.625061301654334],[-135.2190399169922,59.6632323288228],[-135.23345947265625,59.69650975428769],[-135.252685546875,59.69789559656873],[-135.36048889160156,59.73598378851403],[-135.4779052734375,59.79821644465919],[-135.94894409179688,59.6632323288228],[-136.1927032470703,59.63998787256213],[-136.34788513183594,59.60109549032134],[-136.25038146972656,59.56633207991906],[-136.24076843261716,59.55972296971678],[-136.24076843261716,59.52387204745182],[-136.3066864013672,59.46461714320982],[-136.36642456054688,59.4496126517294],[-136.47628784179688,59.46566371970234],[-136.46804809570312,59.28552611855346],[-136.49620056152344,59.27465233689575],[-136.4900207519531,59.26096748461385],[-136.5840911865234,59.166075318301345],[-136.8285369873047,59.16009179641602],[-136.8793487548828,59.13544273484683],[-137.28240966796875,59.0009698708429],[-137.449951171875,58.908900972391415],[-137.52548217773438,58.906418795609426],[-137.5000762939453,58.985760051467075],[-137.54127502441406,59.10478272378236],[-137.60787963867188,59.24376590151355],[-138.62617492675778,59.76746035005358],[-138.66600036621094,59.80961318716828],[-138.6797332763672,59.84481485969105],[-138.70582580566406,59.90650046741583],[-139.05258178710938,59.994179105518434],[-139.19952392578125,60.08950200748712],[-139.0711212158203,60.3187885497516],[-139.07386779785156,60.35243208301854],[-139.69253540039062,60.33544473468298],[-139.97955322265625,60.181818669034776],[-140.4595184326172,60.30858669066228],[-140.5199432373047,60.22003701633967],[-141.00128173828125,60.3058656567224],[-141.0007667541504,69.64681951728146]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-173.07586669921875,60.72157115165579],[-173.155517578125,60.69469537287745],[-173.15277099609375,60.64356945377967],[-173.08135986328125,60.61123754937553],[-173.04016113281247,60.58157148491742],[-173.08135986328125,60.53972302275651],[-173.089599609375,60.511343283202464],[-173.05938720703125,60.4788788301667],[-172.98248291015625,60.468050120874615],[-172.94677734374997,60.43689744859958],[-172.8424072265625,60.403001945865476],[-172.78472900390625,60.373144671593685],[-172.7105712890625,60.329667021005825],[-172.6611328125,60.3187885497516],[-172.5897216796875,60.309266913738156],[-172.49908447265625,60.31606836555203],[-172.4139404296875,60.3187885497516],[-172.35076904296875,60.3187885497516],[-172.30682373046872,60.29021531318375],[-172.2381591796875,60.29021531318375],[-172.17498779296875,60.30518536282736],[-172.2381591796875,60.333745513303114],[-172.34527587890625,60.378575303227215],[-172.364501953125,60.40164539086417],[-172.43041992187497,60.40571488624096],[-172.4798583984375,60.39757538658664],[-172.57598876953125,60.41249624776229],[-172.6556396484375,60.43689744859958],[-172.77374267578122,60.4788788301667],[-172.83416748046875,60.50052541051131],[-172.89459228515625,60.550527811064846],[-172.8863525390625,60.588316165776824],[-172.91656494140625,60.62606036274505],[-172.98797607421875,60.658377412327326],[-173.01544189453125,60.69469537287745],[-173.07586669921875,60.72157115165579]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-171.650390625,63.809167882566385],[-171.793212890625,63.82128765261384],[-171.80419921875,63.73147780336167],[-171.8426513671875,63.65601144183318],[-171.8865966796875,63.54365806976644],[-171.859130859375,63.42594585479083],[-171.7877197265625,63.34966546248425],[-171.62841796875,63.32501562217765],[-171.474609375,63.28306240110864],[-171.353759765625,63.29540792564745],[-171.2548828125,63.33980806067484],[-171.1395263671875,63.38413977217118],[-171.002197265625,63.389061297647125],[-170.760498046875,63.34966546248425],[-170.57373046875,63.32501562217765],[-170.41992187499997,63.27812271092345],[-170.343017578125,63.1989725264735],[-170.3594970703125,63.156835740093236],[-170.2496337890625,63.156835740093236],[-170.145263671875,63.156835740093236],[-170.0408935546875,63.14194929585152],[-169.9090576171875,63.087300267152735],[-169.8321533203125,63.03753005973634],[-169.7991943359375,62.990169510232555],[-169.8101806640625,62.95522304515911],[-169.74975585937497,62.922735326966595],[-169.617919921875,62.91523303947614],[-169.54650878906247,62.9502272814474],[-169.4915771484375,62.97270150065472],[-169.508056640625,62.99765260346662],[-169.4970703125,63.04251090966805],[-169.43664550781247,63.08978654472616],[-169.34326171874997,63.11712157280328],[-169.178466796875,63.13946747896222],[-169.1070556640625,63.14443090047572],[-168.958740234375,63.104699747121074],[-168.760986328125,63.112153479825004],[-168.67309570312497,63.203925767041305],[-168.662109375,63.26576978358972],[-168.7115478515625,63.3348780927218],[-168.92578125,63.366907787681754],[-169.07958984374997,63.366907787681754],[-169.25537109375,63.37183226679281],[-169.420166015625,63.376755901872734],[-169.5245361328125,63.389061297647125],[-169.6124267578125,63.43331707559086],[-169.705810546875,63.46278300222105],[-169.8211669921875,63.46523712749102],[-169.947509765625,63.48976680530999],[-170.0079345703125,63.59011870211632],[-170.0958251953125,63.658448979940175],[-170.2386474609375,63.704722429433225],[-170.4638671875,63.73390885572919],[-170.5902099609375,63.721751503619956],[-170.7659912109375,63.6779417467744],[-171.2164306640625,63.648697570849286],[-171.474609375,63.6779417467744],[-171.54052734375,63.75334975181205],[-171.650390625,63.809167882566385]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-170.40618896484375,57.022794415389725],[-170.3155517578125,57.043718234032625],[-170.22216796875,57.119841130872615],[-170.1947021484375,57.14518072479997],[-170.11505126953125,57.18985535714817],[-170.08209228515625,57.227042992549855],[-170.07110595703125,57.271618718194446],[-170.189208984375,57.23893512461504],[-170.2386474609375,57.22852971878346],[-170.32928466796875,57.22852971878346],[-170.3704833984375,57.22406936030381],[-170.49407958984375,57.20473490715757],[-170.41992187499997,57.12878649751151],[-170.364990234375,57.11387635258491],[-170.42266845703125,57.06910989239133],[-170.46112060546875,57.033257797376066],[-170.40618896484375,57.022794415389725]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-169.8321533203125,56.62904228542147],[-169.8211669921875,56.60486209416893],[-169.7991943359375,56.586716786451156],[-169.71405029296875,56.565536245992064],[-169.71405029296875,56.551913918713375],[-169.63165283203125,56.51707901932375],[-169.56024169921875,56.515563731608296],[-169.5025634765625,56.553427752820355],[-169.43115234375,56.58369172128337],[-169.43664550781247,56.626020608371924],[-169.56024169921875,56.63055303322322],[-169.6783447265625,56.62450967912138],[-169.8321533203125,56.62904228542147]]]}}]}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/asc/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/asc/\">Alaska Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>4210 University Drive<br>Anchorage, Alaska 99508</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Why Measuring River Flow in Alaska Is Important</li><li>How Streamflow Is Measured Today</li><li>How Remote Sensing Can Improve Flow Measurement</li><li>New Remote Sensing Technology</li><li>The Future of Remote Sensing Streamgages in Alaska</li><li>References</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2019-05-06","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conaway, Jeff 0000-0002-3036-592X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-592X","contributorId":214226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Jeff","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eggleston, John R. 0000-0001-6633-3041 jegglest@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6633-3041","contributorId":3068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggleston","given":"John","email":"jegglest@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, John W. 0000-0001-6117-3691 jwjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-3691","contributorId":2220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"John","email":"jwjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kinzel, Paul J. 0000-0002-6076-9730 pjkinzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9730","contributorId":743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"Paul","email":"pjkinzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fulton, John W. 0000-0002-5335-0720 jwfulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-0720","contributorId":2298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"John","email":"jwfulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70227778,"text":"70227778 - 2019 - Activity patterns and temporal predator avoidance of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) during the fawning season","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-31T14:57:59.405434","indexId":"70227778","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-06T08:53:35","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2271,"text":"Journal of Ethology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Activity patterns and temporal predator avoidance of white-tailed deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) during the fawning season","title":"Activity patterns and temporal predator avoidance of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) during the fawning season","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the presence of a predator, prey may alter their temporal activity patterns to reduce the risk of an encounter that may induce injury or death. Prey perception of predation risk and antipredator responses may increase in the presence of dependent offspring. We conducted a camera trap study during summer 2015 in North Carolina and Tennessee, USA to evaluate temporal avoidance of a predator (coyote&nbsp;</span><i>Canis latrans</i><span>) by white-tailed deer (</span><i>Odocoileus virginianus</i><span>). We analyzed activity patterns of bucks, does, and nursery groups (i.e., groups that included fawns) relative to those of coyotes to determine the coefficient of overlap (Δ) using a kernel density estimator. We found that bucks and does had similar Δ with coyotes [Δ</span><sub>1</sub><span> = 0.729 (0.629–0.890) and Δ</span><sub>1</sub><span> = 0.686 (0.558–0.816, respectively] and exhibited crepuscular activity patterns comparable to those of coyotes. However, nursery groups displayed a dramatically different activity pattern: unimodal activity was concentrated in the middle of the day with little overlap with coyote activity [Δ</span><sub>1</sub><span> = 0.362 (0.176–0.491)]. Because adult deer are rarely prey for coyotes, whereas fawns are common prey during summer, the shift in activity patterns of nursery groups demonstrates a behavioral shift likely aimed at avoiding coyote predation on fawns.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10164-019-00599-1","usgsCitation":"Higdon, S., Diggins, C., Cherry, M.J., and Ford, W., 2019, Activity patterns and temporal predator avoidance of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) during the fawning season: Journal of Ethology, v. 37, p. 283-290, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10164-019-00599-1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"283","endPage":"290","ipdsId":"IP-092664","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98837","text":"External Repository"},{"id":395134,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.9814453125,\n              36.59788913307022\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.06640625,\n              36.70365959719456\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.56054687499999,\n              36.63316209558658\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.17578124999999,\n              35.10193405724606\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.1552734375,\n              35.10193405724606\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.9033203125,\n              34.95799531086792\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.89257812499999,\n              34.84987503195418\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.3984375,\n              33.87041555094183\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.0361328125,\n              33.394759218577995\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1904296875,\n              35.42486791930558\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9814453125,\n              36.59788913307022\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"37","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Higdon, Summer","contributorId":272597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Higdon","given":"Summer","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diggins, Corinne A.","contributorId":270521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diggins","given":"Corinne A.","affiliations":[{"id":36967,"text":"Virginia Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cherry, Michael J.","contributorId":270616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cherry","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark 0000-0002-9611-594X wford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9611-594X","contributorId":172499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W. Mark","email":"wford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":832202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70204235,"text":"70204235 - 2019 - Factors affecting prey availability and habitat usage of nonbreeding piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) in coastal Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-16T10:17:07","indexId":"70204235","displayToPublicDate":"2019-04-25T10:09:19","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Factors affecting prey availability and habitat usage of nonbreeding piping plovers (<i>Charadrius melodus</i>) in coastal Louisiana","title":"Factors affecting prey availability and habitat usage of nonbreeding piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) in coastal Louisiana","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Gulf of Mexico is home to a large proportion of the wintering population of the threatened piping plover (</span><i>Charadrius melodus</i><span>), but little is known about the bird's ecology in this region. In Louisiana, the majority of nonbreeding piping plovers are found on the state's rapidly eroding barrier islands. Between August 2013 and May 2014, surveys were conducted to assess the abundance and habitat use of piping plovers, as well as to characterize their invertebrate prey base, on Whiskey and Trinity islands. Seventy-eight percent of piping plovers observed were foraging, 18% roosting, and 4% engaged in other ambulatory activities. Intertidal habitat, such as foreshore beach and tidal flats, was used by 87% of foraging and 96% of roosting piping plovers. Though available, backshore beach, interior sand flats, and dunes were rarely used. The invertebrate community was dominated by haustoriid amphipods (87.5% of individuals collected), followed by bivalves (9.3%) and polychaetes (2.7%). Seasonal patterns and between-island differences were observed in all three invertebrate taxa, but these effects differed between beach habitat and the gulfside and bayside of prominent sand spits. Moisture had a positive effect on amphipod abundance and polychaete presence. There was no association between invertebrate and plover abundance, and prey abundance did not differ between sample sites where piping plovers were observed foraging and random sites. The low abundances of birds and prey, coupled with high variation among samples, are challenges for establishing baseline datasets to evaluate the consequences of coastal restoration activities.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-17-00147.1","usgsCitation":"Schulz, J.L., and Leberg, P., 2019, Factors affecting prey availability and habitat usage of nonbreeding piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) in coastal Louisiana: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 35, no. 4, p. 861-871, https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-17-00147.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"861","endPage":"871","ipdsId":"IP-089847","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437485,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7RJ4GP7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Factors affecting prey availability and habitat use of nonbreeding piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) in coastal Louisiana"},{"id":365573,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","county":"Terrebonne Parish","otherGeospatial":"Isles Dernières Barrier Island Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.021728515625,\n              28.954080659357132\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.42022705078125,\n              28.954080659357132\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.42022705078125,\n              29.28160772298835\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.021728515625,\n              29.28160772298835\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.021728515625,\n              28.954080659357132\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schulz, Jessica L. 0000-0002-8311-9423 jschulz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8311-9423","contributorId":200299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"Jessica","email":"jschulz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leberg, Paul","contributorId":216903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leberg","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":7155,"text":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70203199,"text":"70203199 - 2019 - Evaluating and using existing models to map probable suitable habitat for rare plants to inform management of multiple-use public lands in the California desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-29T08:53:31","indexId":"70203199","displayToPublicDate":"2019-04-19T08:53:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating and using existing models to map probable suitable habitat for rare plants to inform management of multiple-use public lands in the California desert","docAbstract":"Multiple-use public lands require balancing diverse resource uses and values across landscapes. In the California desert, there is strong interest in renewable energy development and important conservation concerns. The Bureau of Land Management recently completed a land-use plan for the area that provides protection for modeled suitable habitat for multiple rare plants. Three sets of habitat models were commissioned for plants of conservation concern as part of the planning effort. The Bureau of Land Management then needed to determine which model or combination of models to use to implement plan requirements. Our goals were to: 1) develop a process for evaluating the existing habitat models and 2) use the evaluation results to map probable and potential suitable habitat. We developed a method for evaluating the construction (input data and methods) and performance of existing models and applied it to 88 habitat models for 43 rare plant species. We also developed a process for mapping probable and potential suitable habitat based on the existing models; potential habitat maps are intended only to guide future field surveys. We were able to map probable suitable habitat for 26 of the 43 species and potential suitable habitat for 41 species. Forty percent of the project area contains probable suitable habitat for at least one species (43,338 km2), with much of that habitat (43%) occurring on lands managed by the Bureau of Land Management. Lands prioritized for renewable energy development contain 3% of the habitat modeled as suitable for at least one species. Our products can be used by agencies to review proposed projects and plan future plant surveys and by developers to target sites likely to minimize conflicts with rare plant conservation goals. Our methods can be broadly applied to understand and quantify the defensibility of models used in conservation and regulatory contexts.","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0214099","usgsCitation":"Reese, G., Carter, S.K., Lunch, C., and Walterscheid, S., 2019, Evaluating and using existing models to map probable suitable habitat for rare plants to inform management of multiple-use public lands in the California desert: PLoS ONE, v. 14, no. 4, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214099.","productDescription":"26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-099792","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467685,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214099","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NDA9YC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Probable and potential suitable habitat for 43 rare plant species in the California desert"},{"id":363287,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.27783203125,\n              31.87755764334002\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.88427734374999,\n              31.87755764334002\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.88427734374999,\n              38.22091976683121\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.27783203125,\n              38.22091976683121\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.27783203125,\n              31.87755764334002\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reese, Gordon 0000-0002-5191-7770 greese@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-7770","contributorId":215093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reese","given":"Gordon","email":"greese@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, Sarah K. 0000-0003-3778-8615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-8615","contributorId":192418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lunch, Christina","contributorId":215094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lunch","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":761614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walterscheid, Steve","contributorId":215095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walterscheid","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":761615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70203345,"text":"70203345 - 2019 - Strontium isotopes reveal ephemeral streams used for spawning and rearing by an imperiled potamodromous cyprinid--Clear Lake hitch Lavinia exilicauda chi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-07T09:20:47","indexId":"70203345","displayToPublicDate":"2019-04-18T09:15:10","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2681,"text":"Marine and Freshwater Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strontium isotopes reveal ephemeral streams used for spawning and rearing by an imperiled potamodromous cyprinid--Clear Lake hitch Lavinia exilicauda chi","docAbstract":"<div class=\"journal-abstract green-item\"><p>Identification of habitats responsible for the successful production and recruitment of rare migratory species is a challenge in conservation biology. Here, a tool was developed to assess life stage linkages for the threatened potamodromous cyprinid Clear Lake hitch<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Lavinia exilicauda chi</i>. Clear Lake hitch undertake migrations from Clear Lake (Lake County, CA, USA) into ephemeral tributary streams for spawning. An aqueous isoscape of strontium isotopic ratios (<sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr) was constructed for Clear Lake and its watershed to trace natal origins and migration histories of adult recruits. Aqueous<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr differentiated Clear Lake from 8 of 10 key tributaries and clustered into 5 strontium isotope groups (SIGs) with 100% classification success. Otolith<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr showed all five groups contributed variably to the population. The age at which juveniles migrated from natal streams to Clear Lake ranged from 11 to 152 days (mean&nbsp;±&nbsp;s.d., 43&nbsp;±&nbsp;34 days) and was positively associated with the permanency of natal habitat. This information can be used by resource managers to develop conservation actions for Clear Lake hitch. This study demonstrates the utility of strontium isotopes in otoliths as a tool to identify important freshwater habitats occupied over the lifespan of an individual that would otherwise be challenging or impossible to trace with other methods.<sup></sup></p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","doi":"10.1071/MF18264","usgsCitation":"Feyrer, F.V., Whitman, G., Young, M.J., and Johnson, R.C., 2019, Strontium isotopes reveal ephemeral streams used for spawning and rearing by an imperiled potamodromous cyprinid--Clear Lake hitch Lavinia exilicauda chi: Marine and Freshwater Research, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1071/MF18264.","productDescription":"9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-103275","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1071/mf18264","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":363548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":363544,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.publish.csiro.au/mf/MF18264"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Lake County","otherGeospatial":"Clear Lake","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-122.8882,39.5827],[-122.7353,39.5817],[-122.7368,39.5359],[-122.7313,39.5197],[-122.7326,39.4947],[-122.7341,39.4493],[-122.7389,39.3834],[-122.7849,39.3845],[-122.7798,39.3792],[-122.7719,39.3749],[-122.7631,39.3774],[-122.7589,39.377],[-122.7521,39.3708],[-122.7442,39.3674],[-122.741,39.3634],[-122.7444,39.3597],[-122.7484,39.3546],[-122.7505,39.3482],[-122.7634,39.3438],[-122.7648,39.3374],[-122.7714,39.3241],[-122.7746,39.3158],[-122.7663,39.3025],[-122.758,39.2904],[-122.7541,39.2828],[-122.7346,39.2729],[-122.7292,39.273],[-122.7224,39.265],[-122.7181,39.2638],[-122.715,39.2598],[-122.6997,39.2507],[-122.6901,39.2473],[-122.6768,39.2295],[-122.6796,39.2262],[-122.6602,39.2158],[-122.6506,39.2147],[-122.6378,39.22],[-122.6254,39.2231],[-122.6019,39.2141],[-122.5869,39.2113],[-122.576,39.2062],[-122.5723,39.2031],[-122.5693,39.2022],[-122.564,39.2033],[-122.5557,39.2053],[-122.5445,39.2069],[-122.5346,39.2104],[-122.5154,39.2076],[-122.5144,39.1968],[-122.5088,39.1915],[-122.5004,39.189],[-122.4931,39.1837],[-122.4915,39.1747],[-122.4826,39.1744],[-122.4766,39.1736],[-122.4747,39.1701],[-122.4787,39.1668],[-122.4815,39.1636],[-122.4808,39.159],[-122.4788,39.1555],[-122.4805,39.1523],[-122.4748,39.1442],[-122.4753,39.141],[-122.4782,39.1391],[-122.4805,39.1391],[-122.4878,39.143],[-122.493,39.1388],[-122.4957,39.1333],[-122.4999,39.1205],[-122.4938,39.1147],[-122.4959,39.1083],[-122.4909,39.1017],[-122.4888,39.0954],[-122.485,39.0896],[-122.4898,39.0754],[-122.4847,39.0669],[-122.4907,39.0545],[-122.4782,39.0521],[-122.4709,39.0491],[-122.4575,39.039],[-122.4506,39.0305],[-122.4384,39.0227],[-122.4224,39.0217],[-122.4116,39.0192],[-122.4077,39.0102],[-122.4121,39.0015],[-122.4177,38.9928],[-122.4185,38.9846],[-122.4135,38.9765],[-122.4087,38.9739],[-122.409,38.968],[-122.4094,38.963],[-122.4051,38.96],[-122.4002,38.956],[-122.3937,38.9548],[-122.3803,38.9469],[-122.3676,38.9391],[-122.3622,38.9365],[-122.3555,38.9321],[-122.3483,38.9286],[-122.3423,38.9274],[-122.3386,38.9248],[-122.3481,38.9245],[-122.3718,38.9254],[-122.3854,38.925],[-122.4037,38.9246],[-122.4112,38.9199],[-122.4134,38.9144],[-122.423,38.9038],[-122.418,38.898],[-122.4087,38.8851],[-122.406,38.8792],[-122.4042,38.8765],[-122.3981,38.8735],[-122.3938,38.8686],[-122.3925,38.8668],[-122.396,38.8636],[-122.4045,38.8566],[-122.4003,38.8526],[-122.396,38.8486],[-122.391,38.8415],[-122.3896,38.8374],[-122.3811,38.8322],[-122.3773,38.8264],[-122.3765,38.8201],[-122.374,38.8156],[-122.376,38.8078],[-122.3794,38.8037],[-122.3853,38.8026],[-122.3965,38.8037],[-122.403,38.8018],[-122.4068,38.7944],[-122.4079,38.7917],[-122.4101,38.788],[-122.41,38.7853],[-122.4081,38.7821],[-122.4091,38.778],[-122.4073,38.7763],[-122.4066,38.7754],[-122.4036,38.7741],[-122.4065,38.7722],[-122.41,38.7712],[-122.4159,38.7697],[-122.4634,38.7051],[-122.6258,38.6675],[-122.625,38.6748],[-122.6323,38.681],[-122.6445,38.7038],[-122.6494,38.7069],[-122.6535,38.7067],[-122.6587,38.7057],[-122.6695,38.7091],[-122.6765,38.7075],[-122.6884,38.7104],[-122.6933,38.7139],[-122.6959,38.7184],[-122.6985,38.7237],[-122.7011,38.7296],[-122.703,38.7322],[-122.7095,38.7343],[-122.7103,38.7379],[-122.7105,38.7434],[-122.7084,38.7493],[-122.7122,38.7533],[-122.7175,38.7545],[-122.7225,38.7607],[-122.7277,38.7706],[-122.7332,38.7745],[-122.7388,38.7825],[-122.7419,38.7843],[-122.7443,38.786],[-122.7487,38.7909],[-122.7462,38.8018],[-122.7578,38.8093],[-122.7632,38.8118],[-122.7749,38.8224],[-122.781,38.8277],[-122.7939,38.8369],[-122.7963,38.8386],[-122.7993,38.8395],[-122.8046,38.838],[-122.8087,38.8378],[-122.8113,38.8423],[-122.8149,38.8449],[-122.8181,38.8503],[-122.8197,38.858],[-122.8392,38.8583],[-122.8396,38.8678],[-122.8579,38.8674],[-122.8577,38.8746],[-122.8754,38.8746],[-122.8757,38.8818],[-122.8935,38.8823],[-122.8942,38.8963],[-122.9101,38.8963],[-122.9104,38.9022],[-122.9476,38.9007],[-122.9481,38.9116],[-122.9488,38.9252],[-122.9612,38.9257],[-122.961,38.9325],[-122.9687,38.9332],[-122.9681,38.9469],[-122.977,38.9471],[-122.9764,38.9838],[-122.9871,38.984],[-122.9872,38.9976],[-123.0109,38.9983],[-123.0107,38.9937],[-123.0184,38.994],[-123.018,38.9972],[-123.0274,38.9973],[-123.0274,39.0082],[-123.0368,39.008],[-123.0366,39.0143],[-123.0455,39.0145],[-123.0452,39.0218],[-123.0559,39.0219],[-123.0572,39.0369],[-123.0573,39.0509],[-123.0657,39.0516],[-123.0658,39.0661],[-123.0841,39.066],[-123.0839,39.0728],[-123.0934,39.073],[-123.0932,39.0807],[-123.0939,39.0948],[-123.0844,39.0955],[-123.0846,39.1105],[-123.0875,39.1108],[-123.0876,39.1249],[-123.0878,39.1394],[-123.0806,39.1391],[-123.0806,39.175],[-123.0468,39.175],[-123.0465,39.1814],[-123.0411,39.1811],[-123.0417,39.1929],[-123.0346,39.1931],[-123.0349,39.2003],[-123.0302,39.2005],[-123.03,39.2082],[-123.0252,39.2083],[-123.0249,39.2138],[-123.0213,39.2143],[-123.0212,39.2225],[-123.0134,39.2223],[-123.0129,39.2363],[-122.9951,39.2368],[-122.9955,39.2572],[-123.0044,39.2574],[-123.0048,39.2783],[-123.0197,39.2779],[-123.0201,39.3223],[-123.0296,39.322],[-123.0291,39.3366],[-123.038,39.3372],[-123.0388,39.3639],[-123.0489,39.3646],[-123.0482,39.3737],[-123.0473,39.3796],[-123.0574,39.3793],[-123.057,39.4074],[-123.0755,39.4083],[-123.0751,39.4246],[-123.0745,39.4373],[-123.0697,39.437],[-123.0723,39.4524],[-123.0633,39.4522],[-123.0623,39.5034],[-123.045,39.503],[-123.0447,39.5107],[-123.0233,39.5114],[-123.0231,39.5191],[-122.9371,39.5174],[-122.9372,39.5319],[-122.8888,39.5309],[-122.8882,39.5827]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Lake\",\"state\":\"CA\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feyrer, Frederick V. 0000-0003-1253-2349 ffeyrer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1253-2349","contributorId":178379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feyrer","given":"Frederick","email":"ffeyrer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitman, George","contributorId":215401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitman","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":762243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Young, Matthew J. 0000-0001-9306-6866 mjyoung@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9306-6866","contributorId":206255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Matthew","email":"mjyoung@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Rachel C.","contributorId":196877,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":762245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70203130,"text":"70203130 - 2019 - Quantifying risk of whale–vessel collisions across space, time, and management policies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-23T13:29:45","indexId":"70203130","displayToPublicDate":"2019-04-16T13:02:40","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying risk of whale–vessel collisions across space, time, and management policies","docAbstract":"Transportation industries can negatively impact wildlife populations, including through increased risk of mortality. To mitigate this risk successfully, managers and conservationists must estimate risk across space, time, and alternative management policies. Evaluating this risk at fine spatial and temporal scales can be challenging, especially in systems where wildlife–vehicle collisions are rare or imperfectly detected. The sizes and behaviors of wildlife and vehicles influence collision risk, as well as how much they co‐occur in space and time. We applied a modeling framework based on encounter theory to quantify the risk of lethal collisions between endangered North Atlantic right whales and vessels. Using Automatic Identification System vessel traffic data and spatially explicit estimates of right whale abundance that account for imperfect detection, we modeled risk at fine spatiotemporal scales before and after implementation of a vessel speed rule in the southeastern United States. The expected seasonal mortality rates of right whales decreased by 22% on average after the speed rule was implemented, indicating that the rule is effective at reducing lethal collisions. The rule's effect on risk was greatest where right whales were abundant and vessel traffic was heavy, and its effect varied considerably across time and space. Our framework is spatiotemporally flexible, process‐oriented, computationally efficient and accounts for uncertainty, making it an ideal approach for evaluating many wildlife management policies, including those regarding collisions between wildlife and vehicles and cases in which wildlife may encounter other dangerous features such as wind farms, seismic surveys, or fishing gear.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2713","usgsCitation":"Crum, N.J., Gowan, T.A., Krzystan, A., and Martin, J., 2019, Quantifying risk of whale–vessel collisions across space, time, and management policies: Ecosphere, v. 10, no. 4, Article: e02713; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2713.","productDescription":"Article: e02713; 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-096433","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467696,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2713","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":363143,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, Florida","city":"Brunswick, Fernandina Beach, Jacksonville","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.67236328125,\n              30.225848323247707\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.14776611328124,\n              30.225848323247707\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.14776611328124,\n              31.203404950917395\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.67236328125,\n              31.203404950917395\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.67236328125,\n              30.225848323247707\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crum, Nathan J.","contributorId":200016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crum","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gowan, Timothy A.","contributorId":138595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gowan","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12456,"text":"former USGS scientist","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":761310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krzystan, Andrea","contributorId":214962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krzystan","given":"Andrea","affiliations":[{"id":35758,"text":"FWC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":761311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, Julien 0000-0002-7375-129X julienmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7375-129X","contributorId":5785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Julien","email":"julienmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70202819,"text":"cir1454 - 2019 - Rare earth element mineral deposits in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-06T17:06:38.254","indexId":"cir1454","displayToPublicDate":"2019-04-11T06:43:29","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1454","displayTitle":"Rare Earth Element Mineral Deposits in the United States","title":"Rare earth element mineral deposits in the United States","docAbstract":"<p>Because of their unique special chemical properties, many of the metals in the group of rare earth elements (REEs) have essential applications in 21st century technologies. Examples of products that use REEs are cell phones, computers, fluorescent and light-emitting-diode lights, flat-screen television and computer monitors, and in high-strength magnets used by clean energy technologies such as the generators of wind turbines and batteries of hybrid and electric vehicles. REEs are used in many defense applications, such as in components of jet engines, missile guidance systems, antimissile defense systems, satellites, and communication systems.</p><p>The rare earth elements have become vital to manufacturing numerous high-tech products, which has been accompanied by a large increase in their demand. At the same time, there has been concern by the United States and many other Nations about the near-monopoly of mining, processing, and supply of REEs from one Nation, China. Between 2011 and 2017, China produced approximately 84 percent of the world’s REEs, and during this time the United States only produced REEs between 2012 and 2015. The U.S. production came entirely from the Mountain Pass mine in California, providing only about 4 percent of the world REE supply. Because REEs are essential for technological applications and are primarily supplied by one Nation, there has been an increased concern in identifying new sources of REEs, including economic REE deposits.</p><p>In response to these concerns, since 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has conducted numerous studies focused on the distribution, geology, and potential resources for the REE-bearing mineral deposits in the United States. The basic characteristics of mineral deposit types that host REE enrichments in the United Sates are summarized in this report, with selected examples. Several types of REE-enriched mineral deposits are reviewed, including deposits in carbonatites, alkaline igneous rocks, sedimentary phosphate-rich rocks (phosphorite), regions containing REE-rich veins, iron oxide deposits containing REE-bearing apatite, monazite-xenotime-bearing placer deposits (heavy-mineral sands), and ion-adsorption clay deposits (REE in granite-derived regolith). A better understanding of these mineral deposits will assist in identifying domestic resources to help alleviate the dependence on imported REEs.</p><p>The economic development of REE mineral deposits is affected by many factors beyond mining, such as commodity prices and mineral processing costs. Most of the REEs are hosted by minerals that have complex chemical formulas; this presents more challenges to process and extract the REEs. Continued advancements and refinements in mineral processing techniques may allow REE deposits with complex mineralogy to be economically developed in the future.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1454","usgsCitation":"Van Gosen, B.S., Verplanck, P.L., and Emsbo, Poul, 2019, Rare earth element mineral deposits in the United States (ver 1.1, April 15, 2019): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1454, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1454.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-104756","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362965,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1454/versionHist.txt","text":"Version History","size":"4.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"Circular 1454 version history"},{"id":362879,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1454/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":362880,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1454/circ1454.pdf","text":"Report","size":"23.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Circular 1454"},{"id":504048,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_108520.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","edition":"Version 1.0: April 11, 2019; Version 1.1: April 15, 2019","contact":"<p>U.S. Geological Survey, <a data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/energy-and-minerals/mineral-resources-program\" href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/energy-and-minerals/mineral-resources-program\">Mineral Resources Program</a><br>12201 Sunrise Valley Dr., MS–300<br>Reston, VA 20192</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Rare Earth Elements</li><li>Supply Concerns</li><li>Principal Rare Earth Element Minerals in Economic Nonfuel Mineral Deposits</li><li>Rare Earth Element Mineral Deposit Types in the United States</li><li>Summary</li><li>References</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"publishedDate":"2019-04-11","revisedDate":"2019-04-15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Gosen, Bradley S. 0000-0003-4214-3811 bvangose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":1174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"Bradley","email":"bvangose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":202205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip L.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emsbo, Poul 0000-0001-9421-201X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-201X","contributorId":214535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emsbo","given":"Poul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}