The Abandoned Mine Lands (AML) Initiative is part of a larger strategy of the U.S. Department of the Interior and the U.S. Department of Agriculture to clean up Federal lands contaminated by abandoned mines.
Thousands of abandond hard-rock metal mines (such as gold, copper, lead, and zinc) have left a dual legacy across the Western United States. They reflect the historic development of the west, yet at the same time represent a possible threat to human health and local ecosystems.
Abandoned Mine Lands (AML) are areas adjacent to or affected by abandoned mines. AML's often contain unmined mineral deposits, mine dumps (the ore and rock removed to get to the ore deposits), and tailings (the material left over from the ore processing) that contaminate the surrounding watershed and ecosystem. For example, streams near AML's can contain metals and (or) be so acidic that fish and aquatic insects cannot live in them.
Many of these abandoned hard-rock mines are located on or adjacent to public lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, and U.S. Forest Service. These federal land management agencies and the USGS are committed to mitigating the adverse effects that AML's can have on water quality and stream habitats.
The USGS AML Initiative began in 1997 and will continue through 2001 in two pilot watersheds - the Boulder River basin in southwestern Montana and the upper Animas River basin in southwestern Colorado. The USGS is providing a wide range of scientific expertise to help land managers minimize and, where possible, eliminate the adverse environmental effects of AML's. USGS ecologists, geologists, water quality experts, hydrologists, geochemists, and mapping and digital data collection experts are collaborating to provide the scientific knowledge needed for an effective cleanup of AML's.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs09599","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, The USGS Abandoned Mine Lands Initiative: Protecting and restoring the environment near abandoned mine lands: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 095-99, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs09599.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":102,"text":"Abandoned Mine Lands Initiative","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31996,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0099/aml.pdf","text":"Report","size":"286 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 1995-0099"},{"id":121266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0095/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-104.053249,41.001406],[-102.124972,41.002338],[-102.051292,40.749591],[-102.04192,37.035083],[-102.979613,36.998549],[-103.002247,36.911587],[-103.064423,32.000518],[-106.565142,32.000736],[-106.577244,31.810406],[-106.750547,31.783706],[-108.208394,31.783599],[-108.208573,31.333395],[-111.000643,31.332177],[-114.813613,32.494277],[-114.722746,32.713071],[-117.118868,32.534706],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-119.159554,34.119653],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-120.441975,34.451512],[-120.608355,34.556656],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.873046,35.225688],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.880167,36.950151],[-122.140578,36.97495],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.511983,37.77113],[-122.425942,37.810979],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.144396,37.581866],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.301804,38.105142],[-122.484411,38.11496],[-122.492474,37.82484],[-122.972378,38.020247],[-123.103706,38.415541],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.536073,42.814175],[-124.150267,43.91085],[-123.962887,45.280218],[-123.996766,46.20399],[-123.548194,46.248245],[-124.029924,46.308312],[-124.06842,46.601397],[-123.97083,46.47537],[-123.84621,46.716795],[-124.022413,46.708973],[-124.108078,46.836388],[-123.86018,46.948556],[-124.138035,46.970959],[-124.425195,47.738434],[-124.672427,47.964414],[-124.727022,48.371101],[-123.981032,48.164761],[-122.748911,48.117026],[-122.637425,47.889945],[-123.15598,47.355745],[-122.527593,47.905882],[-122.578211,47.254804],[-122.725738,47.33047],[-122.691771,47.141958],[-122.796646,47.341654],[-122.863732,47.270221],[-122.67813,47.103866],[-122.364168,47.335953],[-122.429841,47.658919],[-122.230046,47.970917],[-122.425572,48.232887],[-122.358375,48.056133],[-122.512031,48.133931],[-122.424102,48.334346],[-122.689121,48.476849],[-122.425271,48.599522],[-122.796887,48.975026],[-104.048736,48.999877],[-104.053249,41.001406]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.795938,33.962929],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.32446,33.348782],[-118.593969,33.467198],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-122.519535,48.288314],[-122.66921,48.240614],[-122.400628,48.036563],[-122.419274,47.912125],[-122.744612,48.20965],[-122.664928,48.374823],[-122.519535,48.288314]]],[[[-122.800217,48.60169],[-122.883759,48.418793],[-123.173061,48.579086],[-122.949116,48.693398],[-122.743049,48.661991],[-122.800217,48.60169]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Arizona\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","tableOfContents":"Unusual climatic and hydrologic conditions continue to affect the people and resources of North Dakota. Above-average precipitation during 1993-97 caused flooding in parts of North Dakota, and damage to crops, roads, and homes led to tremendous economic losses and increased personal stress for the people of the State. However, the above-average precipitation also replenished diminished water supplies, produced bumper crops in some parts of the State, enhanced wildlife and fishery resources, and improved recreational activities such as fishing, camping, and boating. Thus, prolonged periods of above-average precipitation (wet periods) and the resulting hydrologic conditions can be beneficial and prosperous but also can be as disastrous and economically damaging as periods of drought (dry periods).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs07599","usgsCitation":"Williams-Sether, T., 1999, From dry to wet, 1988-97, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 075-99, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs07599.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":34151,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0075/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0075/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b452f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams-Sether, Tara","contributorId":57846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams-Sether","given":"Tara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70189507,"text":"70189507 - 1999 - Physical setting: Chapter 1 in Initial biotic survey of Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70189507,"text":"70189507 - 1999 - Physical setting: Chapter 1 in Initial biotic survey of Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge","indexId":"70189507","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"1","displayTitle":"Physical setting: Chapter 1 in Initial biotic survey of Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge","title":"Physical setting: Chapter 1 in Initial biotic survey of Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":53909,"text":"bsr000001 - 1999 - Initial biotic survey of Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge","indexId":"bsr000001","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Initial biotic survey of Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":53909,"text":"bsr000001 - 1999 - Initial biotic survey of Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge","indexId":"bsr000001","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Initial biotic survey of Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-14T08:56:02","indexId":"70189507","displayToPublicDate":"1999-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9,"text":"Biological Science Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"2000-0001","chapter":"1","displayTitle":"Physical setting: Chapter 1 in Initial biotic survey of Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge","title":"Physical setting: Chapter 1 in Initial biotic survey of Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge","docAbstract":"Lisbon Bottom consists of approximately 875 ha of river bottom along the Missouri River in Howard County, Missouri, from approximately river mile (RM) 213 to RM 219. As used in this report, the Lisbon Bottom area also includes the main channel of the Missouri River adjacent to the Lisbon Bottom and portions of the adjacent flood plain in Saline County, Missouri.
Before regulation and structuring of the Missouri River, riverine areas like Lisbon Bottom were shifting mosaics of dynamic habitat patches that were created and maintained by hydrologic and geomorphic processes. Flow regulation, navigation structures, and bank-stabilization projects isolated Lisbon Bottom from the river by decreasing the magnitude and frequency with which hydrologic and geomorphic processes could alter habitat characteristics.
The flood of 1993 breached agricultural levees around Lisbon Bottom, thereby reestablishing a connection to the Missouri River. Although still affected by flow regulation and the requirement to maintain navigation in the main channel, Lisbon Bottom presents the opportunity to study ecosystem processes and dynamic geomorphology in a setting that more closely mimics the natural riverine system than any other site on the navigable Lower Missouri River.
The purpose of this chapter is to describe the physical setting and processes that structure the riverine ecosystem of Lisbon Bottom and similar areas of the Lower Missouri River. The description compiles available information on temporal and spatial changes at the site, including the history of channel changes and hydrology.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Initial biotic survey of Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge (Biological Science Report 2000-0001)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., Laustrup, M.S., Ehrhardt, E.A., Niebur, C., and Arvidson, R.E., 1999, Physical setting: Chapter 1 in Initial biotic survey of Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge: Biological Science Report 2000-0001, 19 p.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343838,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Lisbon Bottom","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.0926513671875,\n 39.47860556892209\n ],\n [\n -93.34259033203125,\n 39.257778150283364\n ],\n [\n -92.77130126953125,\n 38.846125291387025\n ],\n [\n -92.493896484375,\n 39.07251146922361\n ],\n [\n -93.0926513671875,\n 39.47860556892209\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5969d82fe4b0d1f9f060a1ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laustrup, Mark S.","contributorId":31028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laustrup","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ehrhardt, Ellen A.","contributorId":49443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ehrhardt","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Niebur, Curt","contributorId":194672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niebur","given":"Curt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arvidson, Raymond E.","contributorId":106626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arvidson","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198714,"text":"70198714 - 1999 - Characterizing fractured-zone flow using numerical flow-log models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T10:25:53","indexId":"70198714","displayToPublicDate":"1999-06-09T10:22:17","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Characterizing fractured-zone flow using numerical flow-log models","docAbstract":"Water-quality monitoring and hydraulic testing in fractured bedrock aquifers involves two important tasks: 1) identifying the hydraulically active fractures intersecting the borehole, and 2) inferring how the specific entry or exit ports in the borehole wall are connected to large-scale flow paths in the region surrounding the borehole. Effective characterization of fractured bedrock flow results when hydraulically active fractures and fracture zones are first identified using flow logs, and then the hydraulic properties of these active zones are given by subsequent hydraulic tests. A more difficult technical problem is relating the hydraulic properties of the few specific fractures that serve as borehole entry ports to the large-scale hydraulic properties of the surrounding rock mass. This problem is addressed through a generalized borehole flow model inversion formulated so that the boundary conditions at the outer edge of the boundary layer can be inferred from the properties of measured borehole flow.
In March of 1997, an airborne electromagnetic (AEM) survey of the Fort Huachuca Military Reservation and immediate surrounds was conducted. This survey was sponsored by the U.S. Army and contracted through the Geologic Division of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Data were gathered by Geoterrex-Dighem Ltd. of Ottawa, Canada. The survey aircraft is surrounded by a coil through which a large current pulse is passed. This pulse induces currents in the Earth which are recorded by a set of three mutually perpendicular coils towed in a \"bird\" about 100 m behind and below the aircraft. The bird also records the Earth's magnetic field. The system samples the Earth response to the electromagnetic pulse about every 16 m along the aircraft flight path. For this survey, the bulk of the flightpaths were spaced about 400 m apart and oriented in a northeast-southwest direction extending from bedrock over the Huachuca Mountains to bedrock over the Tombstone Hills. A preliminary report on the unprocessed data collected in the field was delivered to the U.S. Army by USGS in July 1997 (USGS Open-File Report 97–457). The final data were delivered in March, 1998 by the contractor to USGS and thence to the U.S. Army. The present report represents the final interpretive report from USGS.
The objectives of the survey were to: 1) define the structure of the San Pedro basin in the Sierra Vista-Fort Huachuca-Huachuca City area, including the depth and shape of the basin, and to delineate large faults that may be active within the basin fill and therefore important in the hydrologic regime; 2) define near surface and subsurface areas that contain a large volume fraction of silt and clay in the basin fill and which both reduce the volume of available storage for water and reduce the permeability of the aquifer; and 3) to evaluate the use of the time domain electromagnetic method in the southwest desert setting as a means of mapping depth to water.
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","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es9920112","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P.M., and Chapelle, F.H., 1999, Response to comment on \"Methane as a product of chloroethene biodegradation under methanogenic conditions\": Environmental Science & Technology, v. 33, no. 13, p. 2304-2304, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9920112.","productDescription":"1 p. ","startPage":"2304","endPage":"2304","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337757,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1999-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba424e4b0849ce97dc7a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":32189,"text":"ofr98649 - 1999 - Selected hydrologic features of Lake Tahoe Basin and surrounding area, California and Nevada, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-02T16:54:43","indexId":"ofr98649","displayToPublicDate":"1999-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-649","title":"Selected hydrologic features of Lake Tahoe Basin and surrounding area, California and Nevada, 1998","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98649","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.L., Stone, J.C., Rowe, T.G., and Gardner, J.V., 1999, Selected hydrologic features of Lake Tahoe Basin and surrounding area, California and Nevada, 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-649, 1 Plate: 22.99 x 33.97 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98649.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 22.99 x 33.97 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0649/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":344515,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0649/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8935","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, J. LaRue jlsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.","email":"jlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LaRue","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":207919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, J. Christopher","contributorId":27125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Christopher","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rowe, Timothy G.","contributorId":8455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gardner, James V.","contributorId":93035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185673,"text":"70185673 - 1999 - Rice pesticide concentrations in the Colusa Basin Drain and the Sacramento River, California, 1990-1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T13:13:41","indexId":"70185673","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rice pesticide concentrations in the Colusa Basin Drain and the Sacramento River, California, 1990-1993","docAbstract":"The pesticides molinate, thiobencarb, and carbofuran are applied to rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields in the Sacramento Valley, California, each year during April through June. These pesticides are of concern because of their adverse effects on water quality and their potential adverse effects on aquatic life. Therefore, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB) mandated the holding of irrigation-return water in rice fields to increase pesticide degradation and dissipation before the water is released to the Sacramento River. The CRWQCB also established performance goals to maintain drinking water quality for the city of Sacramento and to protect the habitat for aquatic life. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of increased irrigation-return water holding times on rice pesticide concentrations and loads in the Colusa Basin Drain and the Sacramento River. Dissolved pesticide concentrations were measured in water samples collected in May through July during 1990–1993 at the Colusa Basin Drain at Road 99E near Knights Landing (Colosa Basin Drain) and at the Sacramento River at Sacramento. Pesticide concentrations and loads at both sites showed a decrease from 1990–1992 and an increase in 1993. This trend cannot be explained by the yearly holding time regulations but can be explained by the amount of yearly emergency releases. The yearly changes in pesticide concentration detected demonstrate that continued monitoring and management of pesticides is necessary to maintain water quality.
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The mission operated for three months and returned 2.3 Gbits of data, including over 16,500 lander and 550 rover images, 16 chemical analyses of rocks and soil, and 8.5 million individual temperature, pressure and wind measurements. Path‐finder is the best known location on Mars, having been clearly identified with respect to other features on the surface by correlating five prominent horizon features and two small craters in lander images with those in high‐resolution orbiter images and in inertial space from two‐way ranging and Doppler tracking. Tracking of the lander has fixed the spin pole of Mars, determined the precession rate since Viking 20 years ago, and indicates a polar moment of inertia, which constrains a central metallic core to be between 1300 and ∼2000 km in radius. Dark rocks appear to be high in silica and geochemically similar to anorogenic andesites; lighter rocks are richer in sulfur and lower in silica, consistent with being coated with various amounts of dust. Rover and lander images show rocks with a variety of morphologies, fabrics and textures, suggesting a variety of rock types are present. Rounded pebbles and cobbles on the surface as well as rounded bumps and pits on some rocks indicate these rocks may be conglomerates (although other explanations are also possible), which almost definitely require liquid water to form and a warmer and wetter past. Air‐borne dust is composed of composite silicate particles with a small fraction of a highly magnetic mineral, interpreted to be most likely maghemite; explanations suggest iron was dissolved from crustal materials during an active hydrologic cycle with maghemite freeze dried onto silicate dust grains. Remote sensing data at a scale of a kilometer or greater and an Earth analog correctly predicted a rocky plain safe for landing and roving with a variety of rocks deposited by catstrophic floods, which are relatively dust free. The surface appears to have changed little since it formed billions of years ago, with the exception that eolian activity may have deflated the surface by ∼3–7 cm, sculpted wind tails, collected sand into dunes, and eroded ventifacts (fluted and grooved rocks). Pathfinder found a dusty lower atmosphere, early morning water ice clouds, and morning near‐surface air temperatures that changed abruptly with time and height. Small scale vortices, interpreted to be dust devils, were observed repeatedly in the afternoon by the meteorology instruments and have been imaged.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/98JE02554","usgsCitation":"Golombek, M.P., Anderson, R.C., Barnes, J., Bell, J.F., Bridges, N.T., Britt, D., Bruckner, J., Cook, R.A., Crisp, D., Crisp, J., Economou, T., Folkner, W.M., Greeley, R., Haberle, R., Hargraves, R., Harris, J., Haldemann, A.F., Herkenhoff, K.E., Hviid, S., Jaumann, R., Johnson, J.R., Kallemeyn, P.H., Keller, H., Kirk, R.L., Knudsen, J.M., Larsen, S., Lemmon, M.T., Madsen, M., Magalhaes, J., Maki, J., Malin, M., Manning, R.M., Matijevic, J., McSween, H., Moore, H., Murchie, S., Murphy, J., Parker, T.J., Rieder, R., Rivellini, T., Schofield, J.T., Seiff, A., Singer, R., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L.A., Spencer, D., Stoker, C.R., Sullivan, R., Thomas, N., Thurman, S., Tomasko, M., Vaughan, R.M., Wänke, H., Ward, A.W., and Wilson, G., 1999, Overview of the Mars Pathfinder Mission: Launch through landing, surface operations, data sets, and science results: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 104, no. 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This report describes the environmental characteristics and water quality at 16 benchmark basins in the Eastern United States. In most of the basins, stream-water chemistry seems to be controlled by the interaction of acidic precipitation with the underlying soils and bedrock. Land use had a minimal effect on stream-water chemistry at most of the gaging stations.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey Informations Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/cir1173A","usgsCitation":"Mast, M.A., and Turk, J.T., 1999, Environmental characteristics and water quality of hydrologic benchmark network stations in the Eastern United States, 1963-95: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1173, xi, 158 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1173A.","productDescription":"xi, 158 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":58,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/circ1173","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1999/1173a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30722,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1999/1173a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db6024d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mast, M. 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Induction logs are used to calibrate surface induction soundings in units of pore water salinity by correlating water sample specific electrical conductivity with the electrical conductivity of the formation over the sampled interval for a two‐layered aquifer model. Geophysical logs are also used to show that a constant conductivity layer model is appropriate for the south Florida study. Several physically independent log measurements are used to quantify the dependence of formation electrical conductivity on such parameters as salinity, permeability, and clay mineral fraction. The combined interpretation of electromagnetic soundings and induction logs was verified by logging three validation boreholes, confirming quantitative estimates of formation conductivity and thickness in the upper model layer, and qualitative estimates of conductivity in the lower model layer.
Synthesis of the literature suggests that physical, chemical, and biological elements of a watershed interact with long‐term climate to influence fire regime, and that these factors, in concordance with the postfire vegetation mosaic, combine with local‐scale weather to govern the trajectory and magnitude of change following a fire event. Perturbation associated with hydrological processes is probably the primary factor influencing postfire persistence of fishes, benthic macroinvertebrates, and diatoms in fluvial systems. It is apparent that salmonids have evolved strategies to survive perturbations occurring at the frequency of wildland fires (10°–102 years), but local populations of a species may be more ephemeral. Habitat alteration probably has the greatest impact on individual organisms and local populations that are the least mobile, and reinvasion will be most rapid by aquatic organisms with high mobility. It is becoming increasingly apparent that during the past century fire suppression has altered fire regimes in some vegetation types, and consequently, the probability of large stand‐replacing fires has increased in those areas. Current evidence suggests, however, that even in the case of extensive high‐severity fires, local extirpation of fishes is patchy, and recolonization is rapid. Lasting detrimental effects on fish populations have been limited to areas where native populations have declined and become increasingly isolated because of anthropogenic activities. A strategy of protecting robust aquatic communities and restoring aquatic habitat structure and life history complexity in degraded areas may be the most effective means for insuring the persistence of native biota where the probability of large‐scale fires has increased.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1999)128<0193:FAAEIF>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Gresswell, R., 1999, Fire and aquatic ecosystems in forested biomes of North America: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 128, no. 2, p. 193-221, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1999)128<0193:FAAEIF>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"221","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132553,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"128","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f45c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gresswell, R. E.","contributorId":38084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1015986,"text":"1015986 - 1999 - Fire and aquatic ecosystems in forested biomes of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-19T17:31:22.40852","indexId":"1015986","displayToPublicDate":"1999-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fire and aquatic ecosystems in forested biomes of North America","docAbstract":"Synthesis of the literature suggests that physical, chemical, and biological elements of a watershed interact with long‐term climate to influence fire regime, and that these factors, in concordance with the postfire vegetation mosaic, combine with local‐scale weather to govern the trajectory and magnitude of change following a fire event. Perturbation associated with hydrological processes is probably the primary factor influencing postfire persistence of fishes, benthic macroinvertebrates, and diatoms in fluvial systems. It is apparent that salmonids have evolved strategies to survive perturbations occurring at the frequency of wildland fires (10°–102 years), but local populations of a species may be more ephemeral. Habitat alteration probably has the greatest impact on individual organisms and local populations that are the least mobile, and reinvasion will be most rapid by aquatic organisms with high mobility. It is becoming increasingly apparent that during the past century fire suppression has altered fire regimes in some vegetation types, and consequently, the probability of large stand‐replacing fires has increased in those areas. Current evidence suggests, however, that even in the case of extensive high‐severity fires, local extirpation of fishes is patchy, and recolonization is rapid. Lasting detrimental effects on fish populations have been limited to areas where native populations have declined and become increasingly isolated because of anthropogenic activities. A strategy of protecting robust aquatic communities and restoring aquatic habitat structure and life history complexity in degraded areas may be the most effective means for insuring the persistence of native biota where the probability of large‐scale fires has increased.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1999)128<0193:FAAEIF>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Gresswell, R., 1999, Fire and aquatic ecosystems in forested biomes of North America: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 128, no. 2, p. 193-221, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1999)128<0193:FAAEIF>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"221","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134308,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"128","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f45e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gresswell, Robert E.","contributorId":13194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"Robert E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185260,"text":"70185260 - 1999 - Comment on “Field study of spatial variability in unsaturated flow beneath and adjacent to playas” by Bridget R. Scanlon and Richard S. Goldsmith","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T07:01:28","indexId":"70185260","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment on “Field study of spatial variability in unsaturated flow beneath and adjacent to playas” by Bridget R. Scanlon and Richard S. Goldsmith","docAbstract":"Phenylurea and triazine herbicides, including some metabolites, were isolated from water and soil extracts by solid-phase extraction using a layered system of two extraction disks, a method called double-disk solid-phase extraction. The first disk consisted of strong anion exchange (SAX) of 10-μm styrene divinylbenzene (SDB) particles embedded in Teflon, and the second disk was a C18 disk of 10-μm particles also embedded in Teflon. A volume of 500 mL of water or aqueous soil extract is passed through the layered system with the SAX disk first. The purpose of the SAX disk is to remove the humic and fulvic acids from the water or aqueous soil extract by ion exchange through their carboxyl groups. Even during methanol elution of herbicides, the humic substances remain bound to the SAX disk with >85% retention. Elution with methanol results in more than 90% recovery of the herbicides from the layered extraction disks. Removal of the humic and fulvic acids results in greater sensitivity for diode array detection quantitation (0.05 μg/L for herbicides) by substantially reducing the absorbance of the humic peak on the LC chromatogram. The herbicides adsorb to the SAX disk either through hydrogen bonding to the anion-exchange sites or by hydrophobic interaction with the SDB surface of the anion-exchange disk. The method was tested for the analysis of natural water samples from the Mississippi Embayment, a cotton-growing area of the southeastern United States.
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II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":141204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal,","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70220368,"text":"70220368 - 1999 - Environmental processes that affect mineral deposits in the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-06T20:08:19.512337","indexId":"70220368","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T16:08:04","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8585,"text":"Information Handout","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Environmental processes that affect mineral deposits in the eastern United States","docAbstract":"A thorough understanding of the environmental processes that affect mineral deposits and mine wastes has become increasingly important as the Nation wrestles with how to meet our current demand for metals without compromising the environment and how to mitigate the damage caused by the mining practices of previous generations. Regulatory requirements are dominated by empirical approaches to environmental problems associated with mining, but mitigation and reclamation can be enhanced greatly by a theoretical and conceptual understanding of the processes that affect the availability, transport, and fixation of metals and the generation of acidic waters.
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) research efforts in the Eastern United States are concentrating on environmental processes that affect a class of mineral deposits known as massive sulfide deposits. These occurrences were valued historically for their sulfur content and recently for their metals. This deposit type is a research priority because of its economic significance and high potential for adverse environmental impact due to its high sulfide content and the low acid-buffering capacity of host rocks. Numerous examples of these deposits are found in the East, including reclaimed mine sites, abandoned mines, active mines, and sites currently in the permitting process for future production.
Published studies of mine drainage chemistry from the Iron Mountain massive sulfide deposit in California have documented extreme conditions of very low pH and high heavy-metal concentrations. These extreme conditions are attributed to the unique hydrologic and climatic settings of the deposit and probably are independent of the mineral deposit type.
Areas currently under study include Bald Mountain, Maine, the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the Vermont copper belt, Contrary Creek, Virginia, and Prince William Forest Park, Virginia (fig.1). Goals of the research are (1) to give land-use planners and the mining industry a better empirical framework from which to assess potential environmental impacts of mining, particularly under eastern climatic conditions, and (2) to provide a better theoretical and conceptual framework from which to design more effective and cost efficient mitigation and reclamation programs.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70220368","usgsCitation":"Seal,, R., 1999, Environmental processes that affect mineral deposits in the eastern United States: Information Handout, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/70220368.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385514,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":385513,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/info/seal1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seal,, Robert R. II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":141204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal,","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70198956,"text":"70198956 - 1999 - Radiotracer studies of bacterial methanogenesis in sediments from the Dead Sea and Solar Lake (Sinai)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-27T14:29:25","indexId":"70198956","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T14:24:20","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Radiotracer studies of bacterial methanogenesis in sediments from the Dead Sea and Solar Lake (Sinai)","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Microbiology and biogeochemistry of hypersaline environments","language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"Marvin-DePasquale, M., Cohen, Y.G., Oremland, R.S., and Oren, A., 1999, Radiotracer studies of bacterial methanogenesis in sediments from the Dead Sea and Solar Lake (Sinai), chap. of Microbiology and biogeochemistry of hypersaline environments, p. 149-160.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"160","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Dead Sea; Solar Lake","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98db50e4b0702d0e8481c5","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Oren, A.","contributorId":24131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oren","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743574,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Marvin-DePasquale, Mark","contributorId":49510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin-DePasquale","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cohen, Yoram. Geological Survey","contributorId":116337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"Yoram.","email":"","middleInitial":"Geological Survey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oren, A.","contributorId":24131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oren","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70198949,"text":"70198949 - 1999 - Hydrogeologic structure of the Newark Basin, Pennsylvania, from borehole geophysical logs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-27T12:56:43","indexId":"70198949","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T12:51:13","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Hydrogeologic structure of the Newark Basin, Pennsylvania, from borehole geophysical logs","docAbstract":"The Brunswick and the underlying Lockatong Formations are comprised of littrifled Mesozoic sediments that constitute part of the Newark Basin in southeastern Pennsylvania (USA). These fractured rocks form an important regional aquifer that consists of gmdational sequences of shale, siltstone, and sandstone, with fluid transport occurring primarily in fractures. An extensive suite of geophysical logs was obtained in seven wells located at the borough of Iamsdale, PA in order to characterize the areal hydrogeologic system. Analyses of these data indicate that the aquifer can be separated into two distinct structural domains which may, in turn, reflect different mechanical responses to basin bxtension: (1) In the shallow zone above 125 m, the dominant fmcucre population consists of gertfly dipping bedding-plane partings that strike N46°E and dip to the NW at about 11°. Fluid flow is concentrated within the upper 80 m and transmissivities rapidly diminish in magnitude with depth. (2) The zone below 125 m marks the appearance of numerous steeply dipping fractures that are orthogonal to the bedding plane features, striking subparallel at N227°E but dipping sharply to the SE at 77°. This secondary set of fractures is associated with a reasonably thick (= 60 m) high-resistivity, low- transmissivity sandstoned siltstone unit that is abruptly terminated by a thin shale bed at a depth of 190 m. This lower contact effectively delineates the aquifer's vertical extent and the observed lack of hydraulic productivity with increasing depth may be associated with the gradational transition into the Lockatong Formation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rock Mechanics for Industry--Proceedings of the 37th U.S. Rock Mechanics Symposium","conferenceTitle":"37th U.S. Rock Mechanics Symposium","conferenceDate":"June 6-9, 1999","conferenceLocation":"Rotterdam, Netherlands","language":"English","publisher":"A.A. Balkema","publisherLocation":"Rotterdam, Netherlands","usgsCitation":"Morin, R.H., Senior, L., and Decker, E., 1999, Hydrogeologic structure of the Newark Basin, Pennsylvania, from borehole geophysical logs, chap. of Rock Mechanics for Industry--Proceedings of the 37th U.S. Rock Mechanics Symposium, v. 2, p. 941-948.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"941","endPage":"948","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356789,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania ","otherGeospatial":"Newark Basin","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98db51e4b0702d0e8481c7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Amadei, B.","contributorId":86902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amadei","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743549,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kranz, R.L.","contributorId":207076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kranz","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743550,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, G.A.","contributorId":207077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743551,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smeallie, P.H.","contributorId":207078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smeallie","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743552,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Morin, R. H.","contributorId":31794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senior, L.A.","contributorId":32958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senior","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Decker, E.R.","contributorId":89312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70209805,"text":"70209805 - 1999 - Constraints on Quaternary unsaturated- and saturated-zone hydrology from geochronological and isotopic studies of calcite and silica, Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-01T17:05:25.009538","indexId":"70209805","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T11:54:40","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":" Constraints on Quaternary unsaturated- and saturated-zone hydrology from geochronological and isotopic studies of calcite and silica, Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"No abstracts available.
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