No abstract available.
","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Geochemistry of the Earth's Surface","conferenceDate":"August 15-19, 1999","conferenceLocation":"Reykjavik, Iceland","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., 1999, Consilience and conciliation, the need for less human impact and more humane impact, p. 139-142.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"142","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356697,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98db6de4b0702d0e8481cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":743253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70198879,"text":"70198879 - 1999 - Some fundamentals of geochemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-22T10:01:31","indexId":"70198879","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T09:59:52","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Some fundamentals of geochemistry","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits: Part A processes, methods and health issues","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., 1999, Some fundamentals of geochemistry, chap. of The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits: Part A processes, methods and health issues, v. 6A, p. 117-124.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"124","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356696,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98db6de4b0702d0e8481d1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743251,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Logsdon, M.J.","contributorId":194552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Logsdon","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743252,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":743250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70198703,"text":"70198703 - 1999 - Chlorofluorocarbons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T09:10:40","indexId":"70198703","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T09:09:03","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"15","title":"Chlorofluorocarbons","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental tracers in subsurface hydrology","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer","isbn":"978-1-4615-4557-6","usgsCitation":"Plummer, L., and Busenberg, E., 1999, Chlorofluorocarbons, chap. 15 of Environmental tracers in subsurface hydrology, p. 441-478.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"441","endPage":"478","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98db6ee4b0702d0e8481d3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cook, P.","contributorId":29602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742641,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herczeg, A.","contributorId":58390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herczeg","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742642,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Plummer, L.N.","contributorId":206803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plummer","given":"L.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199191,"text":"70199191 - 1999 - Using flood-analysis techniques to estimate dissolved-zinc concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T09:02:48","indexId":"70199191","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T09:01:35","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Using flood-analysis techniques to estimate dissolved-zinc concentrations","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tailings and mind waste '99","language":"English","publisher":"A.A. Balkema","publisherLocation":"Rotterdam","usgsCitation":"Leib, K.J., Wright, W.G., and Mast, M.A., 1999, Using flood-analysis techniques to estimate dissolved-zinc concentrations, chap. of Tailings and mind waste '99, p. 633-638.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"633","endPage":"638","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357162,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98db6ee4b0702d0e8481d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leib, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-0373-0768 kjleib@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0373-0768","contributorId":701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leib","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjleib@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":744618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Winfield G.","contributorId":27044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Winfield","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162 mamast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","email":"mamast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70198940,"text":"70198940 - 1999 - Predicting soil-water retention and hydraulic conductivity from textural and structural information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-27T08:56:44","indexId":"70198940","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T08:54:23","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Predicting soil-water retention and hydraulic conductivity from textural and structural information","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media, part 2","language":"English","publisher":"University of California Press","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J.R., 1999, Predicting soil-water retention and hydraulic conductivity from textural and structural information, chap. of Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media, part 2, p. 923-930.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"923","endPage":"930","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356769,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98db6ee4b0702d0e8481d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70198699,"text":"70198699 - 1999 - Selenium pollution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T08:45:34","indexId":"70198699","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T08:43:31","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Selenium pollution","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of environmental science","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Netherlands","isbn":"978-1-4020-4494-6","usgsCitation":"Presser, T.S., 1999, Selenium pollution, chap. of Encyclopedia of environmental science, p. 554-556.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"554","endPage":"556","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356485,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98db6ee4b0702d0e8481d9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Alexander, D.","contributorId":42757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742627,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fairbridge, Rhodes W.","contributorId":207070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fairbridge","given":"Rhodes","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742628,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Presser, Theresa S. 0000-0001-5643-0147 tpresser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5643-0147","contributorId":2467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presser","given":"Theresa","email":"tpresser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199187,"text":"70199187 - 1999 - Transport of heat and gas in soil and at the surface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T08:41:50","indexId":"70199187","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T08:40:49","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"9","title":"Transport of heat and gas in soil and at the surface","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Unsaturated zone hydrology for scientists and engineers","language":"English","publisher":"Prentice-Hall","publisherLocation":"Engelwood Cliffs, NJ","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D., 1999, Transport of heat and gas in soil and at the surface, chap. 9 of Unsaturated zone hydrology for scientists and engineers, p. 200-272.","productDescription":"73 p.","startPage":"200","endPage":"272","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357160,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98db6ee4b0702d0e8481db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, D.E.","contributorId":47320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199186,"text":"70199186 - 1999 - Solutions to questions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T08:42:45","indexId":"70199186","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T08:34:53","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"9","title":"Solutions to questions","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Instructor's solution manual for unsaturated zone hydrology for scientists and engineers","language":"English","publisher":"Prentice-Hall","publisherLocation":"Englewood Cliffs, NJ","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D., 1999, Solutions to questions, chap. 9 of Instructor's solution manual for unsaturated zone hydrology for scientists and engineers, p. 40-47.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"47","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357159,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98db6ee4b0702d0e8481dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, D.E.","contributorId":47320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29617,"text":"wri984181 - 1999 - Ground-water flow paths and traveltime to three small embayments within the Peconic Estuary, eastern Suffolk County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-29T14:15:13.90349","indexId":"wri984181","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4181","title":"Ground-water flow paths and traveltime to three small embayments within the Peconic Estuary, eastern Suffolk County, New York","docAbstract":"The Peconic Estuary, at the eastern end of Long Island, has been plagued by a recurrent algal bloom that has caused the severe decline of local marine resources. Although the onset, duration, and cessation of the bloom remain unpredictable, ground-water discharge has been shown to affect surface-water quality in the western part of the estuary. Results from a study on the North Fork of Long Island indicate that local hydrogeologic factors cause differences in ground-water age and characteristics of discharge to the estuary. The need for information on the local patterns and rates of ground-water discharge to the Peconic Estuary prompted analysis of ground-water flow paths and traveltime to three small embayments within the estuary. Meetinghouse Creek, near the west end of the North Fork; Sag Harbor Cove, in the central part of the South Fork; and West Neck Bay, on Shelter Island.
Ground-water-flow models were developed, and particle-tracking procedures were applied to the results of each model, to define the flow paths and traveltime of ground water to the three embayments. The steady-state flow models represent the two-dimensional ground-water-flow system along a vertical section through the uplands of each embayment and simulate long-term hydrologic conditions. The particle-tracking procedure used model-generated ground-water levels and flow rates to calculate the water-particle pathlines and times-of-travel through each flow system from the point of entry (recharge) to the point of exit at streams, the shore, or subsea-discharge areas.
Results for the Meetinghouse Creek study area indicate that about 50 percent of the total recharge that enters the system flows southward to Meetinghouse Creek; half of this amount discharges as base flow to the fresh-water reach of the creek, and half as shoreline underflow to the estuarine reach. About 85 percent of the total discharge to Meetinghouse Creek has flowed entirely within the upper glacial aquifer, and about 15 percent has flowed through the Magothy aquifer. The average age of all ground water discharged to Meetinghouse Creek is about 60 years; the average age of base flow to the freshwater reach of the creek is about 7 years, and the average age of shoreline underflow to the estuarine reach is about 120 years. The results for the Sag Harbor Cove study area indicate that about 30 percent of the total recharge that enters the system flows northward to Sag Harbor Cove; about half of this amount discharges as shoreline underflow, and half as subsea underflow. About 40 percent of the total discharge to Sag Harbor Cove has flowed entirely within the upper glacial aquifer, and about 60 percent has flowed through the Pleistocene marine clay unit, Pleistocene(?) sand unit, or Magothy aquifer. The average age of all ground water discharged to Sag Harbor Cove is about 110 years; the average age of shoreline underflow is about 25 years, and the average age of subsea underflow is about 190 years.
Results for the West Neck Bay study area indicate that about 65 percent of the total recharge that enters the system flows westward to West Neck Bay; virtually all of this amount discharges as shoreline underflow, but a negligible percentage discharges as subsea underflow. Virtually all discharge to West Neck Bay has flowed entirely within the upper glacial aquifer, although a minor amount has flowed through the Pleistocene marine clay unit. The average age of shoreline underflow to West Neck Bay is about 15 years, and the average age of subsea underflow is about 1,800 years.
Ground water that discharges to streams and the shores represented in the models is mostly relatively young water that has flowed entirely within the shallow zones of the flow systems, whereas ground water that discharges to the subsea-discharge areas is mostly old water that has flowed through the deep zones. Data obtained from these models allows evaluation of each embayment.s vulnerability to contaminants introduced at the water table and can guide the development of source-area-protection strategies for the corresponding watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri984181","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Peconic Estuary Program and Suffolk Department of Health Services","usgsCitation":"Schubert, C., 1999, Ground-water flow paths and traveltime to three small embayments within the Peconic Estuary, eastern Suffolk County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4181, vi, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984181.","productDescription":"vi, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"47","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":404557,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4181/wri19984181.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":369347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4181/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Suffolk County","otherGeospatial":"Peconic Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.65739440917969,\n 40.91403147143872\n ],\n [\n -72.60520935058594,\n 40.91403147143872\n ],\n [\n -72.60520935058594,\n 40.93426521177941\n ],\n [\n -72.65739440917969,\n 40.93426521177941\n ],\n [\n -72.65739440917969,\n 40.91403147143872\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Rd
Troy, NY 12180
(518) 285-5695
http://ny.water.usgs.gov/
The Williamson River Basin, located in south-central Oregon, has a drainage area of approximately 3,000 square miles. The Sprague River, which flows into the Williamson River Basin, has a drainage area of 1,580 square miles. Together, the Williamson and Sprague Rivers supply about one-half of the inflow to Upper Klamath Lake. Various statistical techniques, which included trend tests, double-mass curves, and two-sample tests, were used to detect significant changes in the precipitation-runoff relation for the Williamson and Sprague River Basins. Flows from these two rivers were compared with the precipitation and air temperature records collected at Klamath Falls to assess the effect of climate on flow variations.
Most of the double-mass curves showed a major break in the slope of the curve occurring around 1950 and a smaller one near 1990. For the years 1930-50 and 1990-96, February through May flows were relatively lower in the Williamson River than in rivers in nearby basins, by an average of 25,000 acre-feet per year and 36,000 acre-feet per year, respectively, for the 4-month period. From 1950 through 1963, flows were generally higher in the Williamson River compared with the nearby rivers by an average of 38,000 acre-feet for the 4 months. In July through September of 1945-51, 1970-76, and 1992-96, flows were lower in the Williamson River than in the comparison rivers by an average of about 6,000 acre-feet for the 3-month period.
Two-sample statistical tests of the annual flow data sets for the Williamson and Sprague Rivers showed a significant increase in the estimated population mean for the period 1951-96 compared to the estimated population mean for the period 1922-50. However, climate data, which included annual precipitation data from Klamath Falls, Crater Lake, and Medford, and annual air temperature data from Klamath Falls, all showed no significant difference between the two periods.
During the past century, various human land-use activities, such as irrigation, grazing, drainage, and timber harvesting, may have had some impact on the hydrology within the Williamson River Basin. However, relating specific land-use activities to changes in flow is impossible to assess owing to the size and geologic complexity of the basin and to the paucity of historical land- and water-use data for local areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984198","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Risley, J.C., and Laenen, A., 1999, Upper Klamath Lake Basin nutrient-loading study: Assessment of historic flows in the Williamson and Sprague rivers: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4198, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984198.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4198/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":410400,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16448.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":410880,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4198/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake Basin, Williamson and Sprague Rivers","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.317,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -120.675,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -120.675,\n 43.35\n ],\n [\n -122.317,\n 43.35\n ],\n [\n -122.317,\n 42\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db606eaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risley, John C. 0000-0002-8206-5443 jrisley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-5443","contributorId":2698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risley","given":"John","email":"jrisley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laenen, Antonius","contributorId":107673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laenen","given":"Antonius","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185977,"text":"70185977 - 1999 - Stream restoration at Denali National Park and Preserve","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T16:00:28","indexId":"70185977","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Stream restoration at Denali National Park and Preserve","docAbstract":"Placer mining for gold has severely disturbed many riparian ecosystems in northern regions. We are conducting a long-term project to test methods to promote restoration of a placer-mined watershed in Denali National Park and Preserve. The project included hydrological restoration of the unstable and excessively confined stream with heavy equipment. We stabilized the floodplain with bioengineering techniques, including alder and willow brush bars anchored laterally to the channel and willow cuttings along the channel. A moderate flood near the end of construction showed that the brush bars provided substantial protection, but some bank erosion and changes in slope and sinuosity occurred. Subsequent refinements included greater sinuosity and channel depth, pool/riffie construction with stone weirs, and buried alder and willow brush projecting from the bank. The reconstructed stream and floodplain have remained stable for five years, but have not been re-tested by a another large flood. The willow/alder riparian plant community is naturally revegetating on the new floodplains, but vigorous willows which sprouted from branches in brush bars and banks still provide the erosion protection.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings: High altitude revegetation workshop No. 13; Information series no. 89","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"High Altitude Revegetation Workshop no. 13","conferenceDate":"4-6 March, 1998","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"Colorado Water Resources Research Institute","usgsCitation":"Densmore, R.V., and Karle, K.F., 1999, Stream restoration at Denali National Park and Preserve, in Proceedings: High altitude revegetation workshop No. 13; Information series no. 89, Fort Collins, CO, 4-6 March, 1998, p. 174-187.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"174","endPage":"187","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":338708,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338707,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cwi.colostate.edu/publications.asp","linkHelpText":"This publication is findable using the Search function"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali National Park and Preserve, Glen creek watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150.7866668701172,\n 63.51779683618753\n ],\n [\n -150.7866668701172,\n 63.58\n ],\n [\n -150.6778335571289,\n 63.58\n ],\n [\n -150.6778335571289,\n 63.51779683618753\n ],\n [\n -150.7866668701172,\n 63.51779683618753\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc804e4b02ff32c6856e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Densmore, Roseann V.","contributorId":24022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Roseann","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karle, Kenneth F.","contributorId":37461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karle","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185255,"text":"70185255 - 1999 - Bivalve biomarker workshop: Overview and discussion group summaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-14T07:06:02","indexId":"70185255","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1034,"text":"Biomarkers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bivalve biomarker workshop: Overview and discussion group summaries","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/135475099230561","usgsCitation":"Ringwood, A., Hameedi, M., Lee, R., Brouwer, M., Peters, E., Scott, G., Luoma, S., and Di Giulio, R., 1999, Bivalve biomarker workshop: Overview and discussion group summaries: Biomarkers, v. 4, no. 6, p. 391-399, https://doi.org/10.1080/135475099230561.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"399","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337789,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba425e4b0849ce97dc7aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ringwood, A.H.","contributorId":189449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ringwood","given":"A.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hameedi, M.J.","contributorId":189450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hameedi","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, R.F.","contributorId":39485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brouwer, M.","contributorId":189451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brouwer","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peters, E. C.","contributorId":149705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"E. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Scott, G.I.","contributorId":189452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"G.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Di Giulio, R.T.","contributorId":94462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Di Giulio","given":"R.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70185261,"text":"70185261 - 1999 - Use and misuse of the chloride-mas balance method in estimating ground water recharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T06:58:53","indexId":"70185261","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use and misuse of the chloride-mas balance method in estimating ground water recharge","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1999.tb00949.x","usgsCitation":"Wood, W., 1999, Use and misuse of the chloride-mas balance method in estimating ground water recharge: Groundwater, v. 37, no. 1, p. 2-3, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1999.tb00949.x.","productDescription":"2 p. ","startPage":"2","endPage":"3","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337796,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf59ee4b0849ce97f0cea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Warren W.","contributorId":47770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Warren W.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70074648,"text":"70074648 - 1999 - Regional hydrology of the Dixie Valley geothermal field, Nevada: preliminary interpretations of chemical and isotopic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-10T13:58:41","indexId":"70074648","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Regional hydrology of the Dixie Valley geothermal field, Nevada: preliminary interpretations of chemical and isotopic data","docAbstract":"Chemical and isotopic analyses of Dixie Valley regional waters indicated several distinct groups ranging in recharge age from Pleistocene (1000a). Geothermal field fluids (~12-14 ka) appear derived from water similar in composition to non thermal groundwater observed today in valley artesian well (also ~14 ka). Geothermal fluid interaction with mafic rocks (Humboldt Lopolith) appears to be common, and significant reaction with granodiorite may also occur. Despite widespread occurrence of carbonate rocks, large scale chemical interaction appears minor. Age asymmetry of the range, more extensive interaction with deep seated waters in the west, and distribution of springs and artesian wells suggest the existence of a regional upward hydrologic gradient with an axis in proximity to the Stillwater range.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global geothermal resources: sustainable energy for the future","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA","usgsCitation":"Nimz, G., Janik, C., Goff, F., Dunlap, C., Huebner, M., Counce, D., and Johnson, S.D., 1999, Regional hydrology of the Dixie Valley geothermal field, Nevada: preliminary interpretations of chemical and isotopic data, chap. of Global geothermal resources: sustainable energy for the future, v. 23, p. 333-338.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"338","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281779,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Dixie Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.9945,38.9964 ], [ -118.9945,40.5018 ], [ -117.2987,40.5018 ], [ -117.2987,38.9964 ], [ -118.9945,38.9964 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6ff8e4b0b29085106c37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimz, Gregory","contributorId":61747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimz","given":"Gregory","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Janik, Cathy","contributorId":33478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janik","given":"Cathy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goff, Fraser","contributorId":45340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goff","given":"Fraser","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dunlap, Charles","contributorId":9177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunlap","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huebner, Mark mhuebner@usgs.gov","contributorId":4349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huebner","given":"Mark","email":"mhuebner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Counce, Dale","contributorId":25966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counce","given":"Dale","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, Stuart D.","contributorId":55745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Stuart","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70194241,"text":"70194241 - 1999 - Correlated factors in amphibian decline: Exotic species and habitat change in western Washington ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-19T16:51:40","indexId":"70194241","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlated factors in amphibian decline: Exotic species and habitat change in western Washington ","docAbstract":"Amphibian declines may frequently be associated with multiple, correlated factors. In western North America, exotic species and hydrological changes are often correlated and are considered 2 of the greatest threats to freshwater systems. Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) introductions are frequently cited as a threat to lentic-breeding anurans native to western North America and are a suspected factor in the decline of red-legged frogs (Rana aurora) in California. Introduced fish and habitat change are cited less frequently but are equally viable hypotheses. I examined the relation among introduced species, habitat, and the distribution and abundance of red-legged frogs in western Washington. Red-legged frog occurrence in the Puget Lowlands was more closely associated with habitat structure and the presence of exotic fish than with the presence of bull-frogs. The spread of exotics is correlated with a shift toward greater permanence in wetland habitats regionally. Conservation of more ephemeral wetland habitats may have direct benefits for some native amphibians and may also reduce the threat of exotic fish and bullfrogs, both of which were associated with permanent wetlands. Research and conservation efforts for lowland anurans in the West should emphasize the complexities of multiple contributing factors to amphibian losses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3802834","usgsCitation":"Adams, M.J., 1999, Correlated factors in amphibian decline: Exotic species and habitat change in western Washington : Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 63, no. 4, p. 1162-1171, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802834.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1162","endPage":"1171","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349114,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6124f0e4b06e28e9c25c60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, M. J. 0000-0001-8844-042X mjadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-042X","contributorId":3133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"M.","email":"mjadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185253,"text":"70185253 - 1999 - Is a probabilistic performance assessment enough?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-19T09:07:40","indexId":"70185253","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Is a probabilistic performance assessment enough?","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1999.tb01127.x","usgsCitation":"Konikow, L.F., and Ewing, R.C., 1999, Is a probabilistic performance assessment enough?: Groundwater, v. 37, no. 4, p. 481-482, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1999.tb01127.x.","productDescription":"2 p. ","startPage":"481","endPage":"482","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1999.tb01127.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337787,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba425e4b0849ce97dc7ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ewing, Rodney C.","contributorId":189440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ewing","given":"Rodney","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185259,"text":"70185259 - 1999 - Molecular analysis of microbial community structures in pristine and contaminated aquifers: Field and laboratory microcosm experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T17:34:40.082467","indexId":"70185259","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular analysis of microbial community structures in pristine and contaminated aquifers: Field and laboratory microcosm experiments","docAbstract":"This study used phylogenetic probes in hybridization analysis to (i) determine in situ microbial community structures in regions of a shallow sand aquifer that were oxygen depleted and fuel contaminated (FC) or aerobic and noncontaminated (NC) and (ii) examine alterations in microbial community structures resulting from exposure to toluene and/or electron acceptor supplementation (nitrate). The latter objective was addressed by using the NC and FC aquifer materials for anaerobic microcosm studies in which phylogenetic probe analysis was complemented by microbial activity assays. Domain probe analysis of the aquifer samples showed that the communities were predominantlyBacteria; Eucarya and Archaea were not detectable. At the phylum and subclass levels, the FC and NC aquifer material had similar relative abundance distributions of 43 to 65% β- and γ-Proteobacteria (B+G), 31 to 35% α-Proteobacteria (ALF), 15 to 18% sulfate-reducing bacteria, and 5 to 10% high G+C gram positive bacteria. Compared to that of the NC region, the community structure of the FC material differed mainly in an increased abundance of B+G relative to that of ALF. The microcosm communities were like those of the field samples in that they were predominantly Bacteria (83 to 101%) and lacked detectable Archaea but differed in that a small fraction (2 to 8%) of Eucarya was detected regardless of the treatment applied. The latter result was hypothesized to reflect enrichment of anaerobic protozoa. Addition of nitrate and/or toluene stimulated microbial activity in the microcosms, but only supplementation of toluene alone significantly altered community structures. For the NC material, the dominant subclass shifted from B+G to ALF, while in the FC microcosms 55 to 65% of theBacteria community was no longer identifiable by the phylum or subclass probes used. The latter result suggested that toluene exposure fostered the proliferation of phylotype(s) that were otherwise minor constituents of the FC aquifer community. These studies demonstrated that alterations in aquifer microbial communities resulting from specific anthropogenic perturbances can be inferred from microcosm studies integrating chemical and phylogenetic probe analysis and in the case of hydrocarbon contamination may facilitate the identification of organisms important for in situ biodegradation processes. Further work integrating and coordinating microcosm and field experiments is needed to explore how differences in scale, substrate complexity, and other hydrogeological conditions may affect patterns observed in these systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.65.5.2143-2150.1999","usgsCitation":"Shi, Y., Zwolinski, M., Schreiber, M., Bahr, J., Sewell, G., and Hickey, W., 1999, Molecular analysis of microbial community structures in pristine and contaminated aquifers: Field and laboratory microcosm experiments: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 65, no. 5, p. 2143-2150, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.65.5.2143-2150.1999.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2143","endPage":"2150","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479484,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.5.2143-2150.1999","text":"External Repository"},{"id":337794,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Sparta","otherGeospatial":"Fort McCoy","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.7644144236922,\n 44.1188381147021\n ],\n [\n -90.76217413582222,\n 43.942934511174656\n ],\n [\n -90.77920032363514,\n 43.932203463041674\n ],\n [\n -90.74918046617451,\n 43.9025100728135\n ],\n [\n -90.74201154498977,\n 43.887334904963836\n ],\n [\n -90.54710650028211,\n 43.88410564692231\n ],\n [\n -90.54710650028211,\n 43.89573015658755\n ],\n [\n -90.54397009726388,\n 43.89928163756207\n ],\n [\n -90.54934678815252,\n 43.909612014142255\n ],\n [\n -90.54889873057861,\n 43.91574482704604\n ],\n [\n -90.5466584427082,\n 43.923490634737476\n ],\n [\n -90.54262592454086,\n 43.92385965069042\n ],\n [\n -90.54217786696694,\n 43.938702871399784\n ],\n [\n -90.53769729122654,\n 43.94160654649829\n ],\n [\n -90.53904146394869,\n 43.95192957614532\n ],\n [\n -90.54397009726301,\n 43.95031672093759\n ],\n [\n -90.54397009726301,\n 44.00061718265346\n ],\n [\n -90.54710650028125,\n 44.004806964516064\n ],\n [\n -90.54441815483736,\n 44.01576345659623\n ],\n [\n -90.54307398211519,\n 44.02704008424482\n ],\n [\n -90.53859340637611,\n 44.03224838515777\n ],\n [\n -90.53948952152392,\n 44.06606242636889\n ],\n [\n -90.53187254276527,\n 44.0799045097269\n ],\n [\n -90.54217786696823,\n 44.09535231343244\n ],\n [\n -90.53948952152392,\n 44.1011441997025\n ],\n [\n -90.55024290330122,\n 44.1133696520283\n ],\n [\n -90.55785988205984,\n 44.125270952295494\n ],\n [\n -90.56682103354066,\n 44.12623581752149\n ],\n [\n -90.5789185880397,\n 44.136205168686075\n ],\n [\n -90.59460060313089,\n 44.16674592555805\n ],\n [\n -90.6456791665718,\n 44.19180967915554\n ],\n [\n -90.65508837562652,\n 44.188596972823746\n ],\n [\n -90.66539369982948,\n 44.18923952809976\n ],\n [\n -90.67569902403244,\n 44.18474149406404\n ],\n [\n -90.6931732694197,\n 44.185384091369315\n ],\n [\n -90.70213442090049,\n 44.18120708367272\n ],\n [\n -90.79398622357894,\n 44.178957803097205\n ],\n [\n -90.8065318356519,\n 44.17445898452007\n ],\n [\n -90.79712262659717,\n 44.14199305195544\n ],\n [\n -90.78681730239421,\n 44.13781297095022\n ],\n [\n -90.77651197819124,\n 44.13909918124162\n ],\n [\n -90.7644144236922,\n 44.136526732641414\n ],\n [\n -90.7644144236922,\n 44.1188381147021\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"65","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf59ee4b0849ce97f0cec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shi, Y.","contributorId":189467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shi","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zwolinski, M.D.","contributorId":189468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zwolinski","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schreiber, M.E.","contributorId":35920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiber","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bahr, J.M.","contributorId":62346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahr","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sewell, G.W.","contributorId":95955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sewell","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hickey, W.J.","contributorId":189469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hickey","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70185254,"text":"70185254 - 1999 - The interaction of natural organic matter with iron in a wetland (Tennessee Park, Colorado) receiving acid mine drainage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T06:24:53","indexId":"70185254","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":866,"text":"Aquatic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The interaction of natural organic matter with iron in a wetland (Tennessee Park, Colorado) receiving acid mine drainage","docAbstract":"Pore water from a wetland receiving acid mine drainage was studied for its iron and natural organic matter (NOM) geochemistry on three different sampling dates during summer 1994. Samples were obtained using a new sampling technique that is based on screened pipes of varying length (several centimeters), into which dialysis vessels can be placed and that can be screwed together to allow for vertical pore-water sampling. The iron concentration increased with time (through the summer) and had distinct peaks in the subsurface. Iron was mainly in the ferrous form; however, close to the surface, significant amounts of ferric iron (up to 40% of 2 mmol L-1 total iron concentration) were observed. In all samples studied, iron was strongly associated with NOM. Results from laboratory experiments indicate that the NOM stabilizes the ferric iron as small iron oxide colloids (able to pass a 0.45μm dialysis membrane). We hypothesize that, in the pore water of the wetland, the high NOM concentrations (>100 mg C L-1) allow formation of such colloids at the redoxcline close to the surface and at the contact zone to the adjacent oxic aquifer. Therefore, particle transport along flow paths and resultant export of ferric iron from the wetland into ground water might be possible.
","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1023/A:1009617925959","usgsCitation":"Peiffer, S., Walton-Day, K., and Macalady, D.L., 1999, The interaction of natural organic matter with iron in a wetland (Tennessee Park, Colorado) receiving acid mine drainage: Aquatic Geochemistry, v. 5, no. 2, p. 207-223, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009617925959.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"223","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337788,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba425e4b0849ce97dc7ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peiffer, Stefan","contributorId":189448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peiffer","given":"Stefan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193 kwaltond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":1245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","email":"kwaltond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":684883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Macalady, Donald L.","contributorId":62049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macalady","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70194938,"text":"70194938 - 1999 - Tritium and 14C concentrations in unsaturated-zone gases at test hole UZB-2, Amargosa Desert Research Site, 1994-98: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)>","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70194938,"text":"70194938 - 1999 - Tritium and 14C concentrations in unsaturated-zone gases at test hole UZB-2, Amargosa Desert Research Site, 1994-98: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)>","indexId":"70194938","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"Tritium and 14C concentrations in unsaturated-zone gases at test hole UZB-2, Amargosa Desert Research Site, 1994-98: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)","title":"Tritium and 14C concentrations in unsaturated-zone gases at test hole UZB-2, Amargosa Desert Research Site, 1994-98: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)>"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":31024,"text":"wri994018C - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","indexId":"wri994018C","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":31024,"text":"wri994018C - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","indexId":"wri994018C","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T17:57:36","indexId":"70194938","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"displayTitle":"Tritium and 14C concentrations in unsaturated-zone gases at test hole UZB-2, Amargosa Desert Research Site, 1994-98: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)","title":"Tritium and 14C concentrations in unsaturated-zone gases at test hole UZB-2, Amargosa Desert Research Site, 1994-98: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)>","docAbstract":"Tritium concentrations have been determined yearly since April 1994 from water-vapor samples collected at test hole UZB-2. The hole was drilled about 100 m (meters) south of the southwest corner of a commercial burial site for low-level radioactive wastes in September 1993. UZB-2 is equipped with ten 2.5-cm (centimeters) diameter air ports permanently installed in the unsaturated zone between the depths of 5.5 and 108.8 m below land surface. Depth to ground water is about 110 m. Additional sampling ports were driven by hand to depths of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m in May 1997. Initial samples of water vapor collected in April 1994 showed elevated tritium concentrations of more than 100 TU (tritium units) from all 10 air ports, with a maximum concentration of 762±10 TU from an air port at a depth of 24.1 m. Subsequent tritium concentrations increased in all air ports, although tritium concentrations at depths of less than 34.1 m have remained relatively constant since July 1995. The largest observed increase in tritium has been at a depth of 47.9 m. There, tritium concentration has increased from 198±5 TU in April 1994 to 2,570±30 TU in June 1998. Large increases also have been measured in samples collected from air ports at depths of 106.4 and 108.8 m, just above the water table.
During September and October 1998, carbon dioxide samples were collected from all ten air ports in UZB-2 and at a depth of 1.5 m, and analyzed for radioactive carbon-14 (14C). 14C concentrations are highest in air ports at depths less than 6 m where they exceed 2,000 pmc (percent modern carbon). Concentrations decrease rapidly in air ports at depth and are about 20 pmc below 94.2 m. However, at 47.9 meters, the 14C concentration is 205±1 pmc, which is 2 to 4 times higher than concentrations in air ports immediately above and below. This depth corresponds to the largest tritium increase in UZB-2. Concentrations of both tritium and 14C are greater than what could be expected from atmospheric fallout. The distribution of tritium and 14C likely represent a complex pattern of lateral and vertical transport through the unsaturated zone from buried wastes to UZB-2.
The isotopic composition of water in deep unsaturated zones is of interest because it provides information relevant to hydrologic processes and contaminant migration. Profiles of oxygen-18 (18O), deuterium (D), and tritium (3H) from a 110-meter deep unsaturated zone, together with data on the isotopic composition of ground water and modern-day precipitation, are interpreted in the context of water-content, water-potential, and pore-gas profiles. At depths greater than about three meters, water vapor and liquid water are in approximate equilibrium with respect to D and 18O. The vapor-phase concentrations of D and 18O have remained stable through repeated samplings. Vapor-phase 3H concentrations have generally increased with time, requiring synchronous sampling of liquid and vapor to assess equilibrium. Below 30 meters, concentrations of D and 18O in pore water become approximately equal to the composition of ground water, which is isotopically lighter than modern precipitation and has a carbon-14 (14C) concentration of about 26 percent modern carbon. These data indicate that net gradients driving fluxes of water, gas, and heat are directed upwards for undisturbed conditions at the Amargosa Desert Research Site (ADRS). Superimposed on the upward-directed flow field, tritium is migrating away from waste in response to gradients in tritium concentrations.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":" U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Seventh Technical Meeting of the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","conferenceDate":"March 8-12, 1999","conferenceLocation":"Charleston, SC","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"West Trenton, NJ","usgsCitation":"Stonestrom, D.A., Prudic, D.E., and Striegl, R.G., 1999, Isotopic composition of water in a deep unsaturated zone beside a radioactive-waste disposal area near Beatty, Nevada, 8 P.","productDescription":"8 P.","startPage":"467","endPage":"474","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://toxics.usgs.gov/pubs/wri99-4018/Volume3/SectionD/3502_Stonestrom/index.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","city":"Beatty","otherGeospatial":"Amargosa Desert Research Site","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7040d8e4b06e28e9cae505","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Morganwalp, David W. dwmorgan@usgs.gov","contributorId":5592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morganwalp","given":"David","email":"dwmorgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":726111,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buxton, Herbert T. hbuxton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buxton","given":"Herbert","email":"hbuxton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726112,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prudic, David E. deprudic@usgs.gov","contributorId":3430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prudic","given":"David","email":"deprudic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1000940,"text":"1000940 - 1999 - Structure and function of fish communities in the southern Lake Michigan basin with emphasis on restoration of native fish communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-18T16:31:35.633678","indexId":"1000940","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure and function of fish communities in the southern Lake Michigan basin with emphasis on restoration of native fish communities","docAbstract":"The southern Lake Michigan basin in northwest Indiana possesses a variety of aquatic habitats including riverine, palustrine, and lacustrine systems. The watershed draining this area is a remnant of glacial Lake Chicago and supports fish communities that are typically low in species richness. Composition of the presettlement Lake Michigan fish community near the Indiana Dunes has been difficult to reconstruct. Existing data indicate that the number of native species in the Lake Michigan watershed, including nearshore Lake Michigan, has declined by 22% since the onset of European settlement. Few remnants of natural fish communities exist, and those occur principally in the ponds of Miller Woods, the Grand Calumet Lagoons, and the Little Calumet River. These communities have maintained a relatively diverse assemblage of fishes despite large-scale anthropogenic disturbances in the area, including channelization, massive river redirection, fragmentation, habitat alteration, exotic species invasions, and the introduction of toxic chemicals. Data that we collected from 1985 to 1996 suggested that the Grand Calumet River has the highest proportion of exotic fish species of any inland wetland in northwest Indiana. Along the Lake Michigan shoreline, another group of exotics (e.g., round goby, alewife, and sea lamprey) have affected the structure of native fish communities, thereby altering lake ecosystem function. Stocking programs contribute to the impairment of native communities. Nonindigenous species have restructured the function of Lake Michigan tributaries, causing disruptions in trophic dynamics, guild structure, and species diversity. Several fish communities have been reduced or eliminated by the alteration and destruction of spawning and nursery areas. Degradation of habitats has caused an increase in numbers and populations of species able to tolerate and flourish when confronted with hydrologic alteration. Fish communities found on public lands in northwest Indiana generally are of lower biological integrity, in terms of structure and function, than those on private lands and are not acting as refugia for native fish populations. Stocking of nonindigenous species should be evaluated to enable the restoration of native fish communities on public lands. Habitat quality will need to be improved and land-use modifications decreased or reversed in order to restore or slow the decline in native fish communities.","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Association","usgsCitation":"Simon, T.P., and Stewart, P.M., 1999, Structure and function of fish communities in the southern Lake Michigan basin with emphasis on restoration of native fish communities: Natural Areas Journal, v. 19, no. 2, p. 142-154.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"142","endPage":"154","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133384,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403921,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/43911823"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.52670288085938,\n 41.36238012945531\n ],\n [\n -86.68075561523438,\n 41.36238012945531\n ],\n [\n -86.68075561523438,\n 41.88592102814744\n ],\n [\n -87.52670288085938,\n 41.88592102814744\n ],\n [\n -87.52670288085938,\n 41.36238012945531\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a37ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simon, Thomas P.","contributorId":77081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, Paul M.","contributorId":63336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7000061,"text":"7000061 - 1999 - Hydrologic units","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"7000061","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":363,"text":"General Interest Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Hydrologic units","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/7000061","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, Hydrologic units: General Interest Publication, 1 sheet ([1] leaf) : col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/7000061.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([1] leaf) : col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":198001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18614,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/hydrologic_units/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db605244","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70194892,"text":"70194892 - 1999 - Tritium in water vapor in the shallow unsaturated zone at the Amargosa Desert Research Site","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70194892,"text":"70194892 - 1999 - Tritium in water vapor in the shallow unsaturated zone at the Amargosa Desert Research Site","indexId":"70194892","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Tritium in water vapor in the shallow unsaturated zone at the Amargosa Desert Research Site"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":31024,"text":"wri994018C - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","indexId":"wri994018C","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":31024,"text":"wri994018C - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)","indexId":"wri994018C","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C)"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-29T18:22:50","indexId":"70194892","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Tritium in water vapor in the shallow unsaturated zone at the Amargosa Desert Research Site","docAbstract":"Samples of water vapor in soil gas were obtained at the U.S. Geological Survey's Amargosa Desert Research Site in 1997 and 1998 from a depth of 1.5 m (meters) within a 300 m by 300 m grid that lies immediately to the south and west of a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site. The gas samples were analyzed for tritium. Fifty-eight samples were collected in May 1997; 61 samples were collected in June 1998. Measured tritium concentrations ranged from 16 ± 9 TU (tritium units) to 36,900 ± 300 TU in 1997, and from 6 ± 6 TU to 37,360 ± 450 TU in 1998. Concentrations decreased from northeast to southwest across the grid. In general, there was very little difference in tritium concentrations between the two sampling periods.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":" U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Seventh Technical Meeting of the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","conferenceDate":"March 8-12, 1999","conferenceLocation":"Charleston, SC","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"West Trenton, NJ","usgsCitation":"Healy, R.W., Striegl, R.G., Michel, R.L., Prudic, D.E., and Andraski, B.J., 1999, Tritium in water vapor in the shallow unsaturated zone at the Amargosa Desert Research Site, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"485","endPage":"490","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350686,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://toxics.usgs.gov/pubs/wri99-4018/Volume3/SectionD/3504_Healy/index.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Amargosa Desert Research Site","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6c4c9ee4b06e28e9cabb34","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Morganwalp, David W. dwmorgan@usgs.gov","contributorId":5592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morganwalp","given":"David","email":"dwmorgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":725943,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buxton, Herbert T. hbuxton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buxton","given":"Herbert","email":"hbuxton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725944,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - 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Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":725942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70022194,"text":"70022194 - 1999 - Simulations of snow distribution and hydrology in a mountain basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T10:16:46","indexId":"70022194","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulations of snow distribution and hydrology in a mountain basin","docAbstract":"We applied a version of the Regional Hydro-Ecologic Simulation System (RHESSys) that implements snow redistribution, elevation partitioning, and wind-driven sublimation to Loch Vale Watershed (LVWS), an alpine-subalpine Rocky Mountain catchment where snow accumulation and ablation dominate the hydrologic cycle. We compared simulated discharge to measured discharge and the simulated snow distribution to photogrammetrically rectified aerial (remotely sensed) images. Snow redistribution was governed by a topographic similarity index. We subdivided each hillslope into elevation bands that had homogeneous climate extrapolated from observed climate. We created a distributed wind speed field that was used in conjunction with daily measured wind speeds to estimate sublimation. Modeling snow redistribution was critical to estimating the timing and magnitude of discharge. Incorporating elevation partitioning improved estimated timing of discharge but did not improve patterns of snow cover since wind was the dominant controller of areal snow patterns. Simulating wind-driven sublimation was necessary to predict moisture losses.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/1998WR900096","usgsCitation":"Hartman, M.D., Baron, J., Lammers, R.B., Cline, D., Band, L.E., Liston, G.E., and Tague, C.L., 1999, Simulations of snow distribution and hydrology in a mountain basin: Water Resources Research, v. 35, no. 5, p. 1587-1603, https://doi.org/10.1029/1998WR900096.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1587","endPage":"1603","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479642,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/1998wr900096","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230329,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90cbe4b08c986b319675","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartman, Melannie D.","contributorId":98836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"Melannie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":392673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lammers, Richard B.","contributorId":169796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lammers","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cline, Donald W.","contributorId":193495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cline","given":"Donald W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Band, Larry E.","contributorId":193494,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Band","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liston, Glen E.","contributorId":26244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liston","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tague, Christina L.","contributorId":54493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tague","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}