{"pageNumber":"371","pageRowStart":"9250","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11004,"records":[{"id":70198194,"text":"70198194 - 1980 - Metamorphic infrastructure in the northern Ruby Mountains, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-29T08:28:41","indexId":"70198194","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Metamorphic infrastructure in the northern Ruby Mountains, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p><span>The metamorphic complex of the northern Ruby Mountains in northeastern Nevada exposes Paleozoic strata that are metamorphosed to sillimanite grade, migmatized, and recumbently folded. Nappes are variously overturned to the east, north, south, and west. The deeper part of this metamorphic infrastructure is a migmatitic zone pervaded by pegmatitic two-mica granite. A structurally higher transition zone underwent extreme tectonic flattening and some thrusting as the mobile infrastructure rose buoyantly against more rigid suprastructure. Relief by flow and stretching to the west-northwest and east-southeast resulted in a regionally constant lineation in this transition zone. The age of metamorphism is uncertain but may be Jurassic.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/MEM153-p335","usgsCitation":"Howard, K.A., 1980, Metamorphic infrastructure in the northern Ruby Mountains, Nevada, chap. <i>of</i> Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes, v. 153, p. 335-347, https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM153-p335.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"335","endPage":"347","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Ruby Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.2847900390625,\n              39.51251701659638\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.62585449218749,\n              39.51251701659638\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.62585449218749,\n              41.23238023874139\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.2847900390625,\n              41.23238023874139\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.2847900390625,\n              39.51251701659638\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"153","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howard, Keith A. 0000-0002-6462-2947 khoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-2947","contributorId":3439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Keith","email":"khoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":46216,"text":"ofr80441 - 1980 - Maps showing hydrologic conditions in the San Francisco River area, Greenlee County, Arizona, 1978: A reconnaissance study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-09T21:01:32.102478","indexId":"ofr80441","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-441","title":"Maps showing hydrologic conditions in the San Francisco River area, Greenlee County, Arizona, 1978: A reconnaissance study","docAbstract":"<p>The San Francisco River area includes about 950 square miles in Greenlee County in east-central Arizona. Water-resources development has been slight compared with that in many areas in Arizona. In 1978 about 500 acre-feet of water was diverted for irrigation from the San Francisco and Blue Rivers, and about 550 acre-feet of ground water was withdrawn from wells for municipal use at Clifton. Surface water and ground water generally contained less than 500 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids; however, in the San Francisco River the dissolved-solids concentration increased from 263 to 885 milligrams per liter as the water moved downstream. The increase in dissolved solids was caused by inflow from springs near Clifton, one of which contained 11,700 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids. Information shown on the maps includes altitude of the water level, depth to water, well depth, streamflow characteristics of the San Francisco and Blue Rivers, and dissolved-solids and fluoride concentrations.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80441","usgsCitation":"Mann, L.J., 1980, Maps showing hydrologic conditions in the San Francisco River area, Greenlee County, Arizona, 1978: A reconnaissance study (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-441, 2 Plate: 27.50 × 33.00 inches and 27.92 × 33.53 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80441.","productDescription":"2 Plate: 27.50 × 33.00 inches and 27.92 × 33.53 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410221,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11635.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":83191,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0441/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":83190,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0441/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Greenlee county","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco River area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.464,\n              33.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.464,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.05,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.05,\n              33.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.464,\n              33.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605ad4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mann, Larry J.","contributorId":48531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1003603,"text":"1003603 - 1980 - Epizootic of coccidiosis in free-flying lesser scaup (Aythya affinis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T16:35:06","indexId":"1003603","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":948,"text":"Avian Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Epizootic of coccidiosis in free-flying lesser scaup (<i>Aythya affinis</i>)","title":"Epizootic of coccidiosis in free-flying lesser scaup (Aythya affinis)","docAbstract":"<p><span>A coccidiosis epizootic has occurred in lesser scaup (<i>Aythya affinis</i>) at Bluestem Reservoir in eastern Nebraska during the spring in each of three recent years: 1976-1978. Losses peaked during the period from mid-March through April. As much as 29% of the peak population of scaup using the reservoir died. Necropsies of 72 of the nearly 1390 scaup that died revealed destruction and sloughing of the intestinal mucosa and associated hemorrhaging. Fibrinonecrotic cores were frequently found in the intestinal lumens. Scrapings from the intestinal mucosal contained massive numbers of oocysts of the coccidian <i>Eimeria aythyae</i>. This is the first report of recurrent epizootics of coccidiosis in freeflying waterfowl.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Avian Pathologists","doi":"10.2307/1589981","usgsCitation":"Windingstad, R.M., McDonald, M., Locke, L.N., Kerr, S., and Sinn, J., 1980, Epizootic of coccidiosis in free-flying lesser scaup (Aythya affinis): Avian Diseases, v. 24, no. 4, p. 1044-1049, https://doi.org/10.2307/1589981.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1044","endPage":"1049","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130357,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Bluestem reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.80336952209473,\n              40.64137713901667\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.80448532104492,\n              40.639227866411176\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.80508613586426,\n              40.63714365719172\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.80439949035645,\n              40.63545018928846\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.80148124694824,\n              40.63414749244045\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.79976463317871,\n              40.63245394853916\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.79779052734375,\n              40.63082550043328\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.79684638977051,\n              40.63023924939319\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.7979621887207,\n              40.62900159140642\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.80027961730957,\n              40.6283501832525\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.79985046386719,\n              40.62620049126207\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.79839134216309,\n              40.62509304717129\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.79684638977051,\n              40.62463703544358\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.79032325744629,\n              40.626005061286286\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.78689002990723,\n              40.62659134949805\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.78551673889159,\n              40.628480465391625\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.78525924682617,\n              40.630760361683\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.78706169128418,\n              40.63369154253879\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.79058074951172,\n              40.63655746162478\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.79238319396973,\n              40.6377949795627\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.79512977600098,\n              40.63864168914507\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.7961597442627,\n              40.640139687483234\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.79633140563965,\n              40.64320070998967\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.79924964904785,\n              40.64587084902795\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.80036544799805,\n              40.64600109698023\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.80191040039062,\n              40.64548010364599\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.80336952209473,\n              40.64137713901667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5efd0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Windingstad, R. M.","contributorId":71124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Windingstad","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, M.E.","contributorId":33661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Locke, Louis N.","contributorId":71233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kerr, S.M.","contributorId":16358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerr","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sinn, J.A.","contributorId":15970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinn","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70012387,"text":"70012387 - 1980 - Heat flow and energetics of the San Andreas fault zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-16T16:35:20.182875","indexId":"70012387","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat flow and energetics of the San Andreas fault zone","docAbstract":"<p><span>Approximately 100 heat flow measurements in the San Andreas fault zone indicate (1) there is no evidence for local factional heating of the main fault trace at any latitude over a 1000-km length from Cape Mendocino to San Bernardino, (2) average heat flow is high (∼2 HFU, ∼80 mW m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>) throughout the 550-km segment of the Coast Ranges that encloses the San Andreas fault zone in central California; this broad anomaly falls off rapidly toward the Great Valley to the east, and over a 200-km distance toward the Mendocino Triple Junction to the northwest. As others have pointed out, a local conductive heat flow anomaly would be detectable unless the frictional resistance allocated to heat production on the main trace were ≲100 bars. Frictional work allocated to surface energy of new fractures is probably unimportant, and hydrologic convection is not likely to invalidate the conduction assumption, since the heat discharge by thermal springs near the fault is negligible. Explanations for the low dynamic friction fall into two intergradational classes: those in which the fault is weak all of the time and those in which it is weak only during earthquakes (possibly just large ones). The first class includes faults containing anomalously weak gouge materials and faults containing materials with normal frictional properties under near-lithostatic steady state fluid pressures. In the second class, weakening is caused by the event (for example, a thermally induced increase in fluid pressure, dehydration of clay minerals, or acoustic fluidization). In this class, unlike the first, the average strength and ambient tectonic shear stress may be large, ∼1 kbar, but the stress allocated to elastic radiation (the apparent stress) must be of similar magnitude, an apparent contradiction with seismic estimates. Unless seismic radiation is underestimated for large earthquakes, it is difficult to justify average tectonic stresses on the main trace of the San Andreas fault in excess of ∼200 bars. The development of the broad Coast Range heat flow anomaly southward from Cape Mendocino suggests that heat flow increases by a factor of 2 within 4 m.y. after the passage of the Mendocino Triple Junction. This passage leaves the San Andreas transform fault zone in its wake; the depth of the anomalous sources cannot be much greater than the depth of the seismogenic layer. Some of the anomalous heat may be supplied by conduction from the warmer mantle that must occur south of the Mendocino transform (where there is no subducting slab), and some might be supplied by shear heating in the fault zone. With no contribution from shear heating, extreme mantle upwelling would be required, and asthenosphere conditions should exist today at depths of only ∼20 km in the northernmost Coast Ranges. If there is an appreciable contribution from shear heating, the heat flow constraint implies that the seismogenic layer is partially decoupled at its base and that the basal traction is in the sense that resists right lateral motion on the fault(s). As a result of these basal tractions, the average shearing stress in the seismogenic layer would increase with distance from the main fault, and the seismogenic layer would offer substantial resistance to plate motion even though resistance on the main fault might be negligible. These speculative models have testable consequences.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB085iB11p06185","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Lachenbruch, A., and Sass, J., 1980, Heat flow and energetics of the San Andreas fault zone: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 85, no. B11, p. 6185-6223, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB085iB11p06185.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"6185","endPage":"6223","numberOfPages":"39","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222413,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2ff7e4b0c8380cd5d26e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lachenbruch, A.H.","contributorId":76737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lachenbruch","given":"A.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sass, J.H.","contributorId":70749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012354,"text":"70012354 - 1980 - Multiple ice flow directions during the Fraser Glaciation in the lower Skagit River drainage, northern Cascade Range, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T16:40:44","indexId":"70012354","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":898,"text":"Arctic and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple ice flow directions during the Fraser Glaciation in the lower Skagit River drainage, northern Cascade Range, Washington","docAbstract":"<p><span>Stratigraphic mapping and pebble-count data suggest that ice flowed in three different directions in the lower Skagit drainage of the northern Cascade Range during the Fraser Glaciation (∼ 10K to 20K BP). Glacier reconstructions suggest that till exposed at one site in the lower Skagit Valley was deposited by a Baker Valley glacier that flowed westward down the Skagit Valley during the early part of the Fraser Glaciation (Evans Creek Stade). Stratigraphic relations show that the Cordilleran Ice Sheet subsequently advanced up the Skagit Valley and into the Baker Valley during the Vashon Stade. Flow-direction indicators, as well as clast compositional variations in till and recessional deposits of Vashon age, indicate that this upvalley, eastward-advancing glacier was later overwhelmed by southeast-flowing ice of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet which entered the Baker Valley across the valley divide to the northwest.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","doi":"10.2307/1550716","usgsCitation":"Heller, P.L., 1980, Multiple ice flow directions during the Fraser Glaciation in the lower Skagit River drainage, northern Cascade Range, Washington: Arctic and Alpine Research, v. 12, no. 3, p. 299-308, https://doi.org/10.2307/1550716.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"308","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range, Skagit River drainage","volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a606be4b0c8380cd71445","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heller, Paul L.","contributorId":83924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heller","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012216,"text":"70012216 - 1980 - Upper Wisconsinan till recovered on the continental shelf southeast of New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-05T09:55:50","indexId":"70012216","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upper Wisconsinan till recovered on the continental shelf southeast of New England","docAbstract":"<p>Basal till was identified in two sediment cores collected about 69 kilometers southeast of Nantucket Island on the east and west sides of Great South Channel. These are the first samples of till collected on the outer continental shelf off the northeastern United States. The carbon-14 age of the total organic carbon in the tills provides a \"no older than\" age of about 20,000 years before present and suggests that the tills were deposited during the late Wisconsinan glaciation. This conclusion is in support of the hypothesis of an extensive Laurentide ice sheet that extended to the northern side of Georges Bank.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.210.4468.423","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Bothner, M., and Spiker, E.C., 1980, Upper Wisconsinan till recovered on the continental shelf southeast of New England: Science, v. 210, no. 4468, p. 423-425, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.210.4468.423.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"423","endPage":"425","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"210","issue":"4468","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd4fe4b08c986b328f5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spiker, Elliott C.","contributorId":50174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spiker","given":"Elliott","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70169270,"text":"70169270 - 1980 - The Southern California uplift revisited","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-07T16:02:39","indexId":"70169270","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Southern California uplift revisited","docAbstract":"<p>The earthquake that struck Livermore, east of San Francisco, on January 24 was the second moderate earthquake to have occurred in the San Francisco Bay area in 5 months. It raised familiar questions. Does this mean that the \"Big One\" is coming? Is the theater of heightened concern now in northern California.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Kerr, R.A., 1980, The Southern California uplift revisited: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 12, no. 3, p. 98-103.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"98","endPage":"103","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319254,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.15771484375,\n              35.146862906756304\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.53173828125,\n              34.35250666867596\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.72998046875,\n              33.44977658311846\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.97192382812499,\n              33.201924189778936\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.00488281250001,\n              33.6420625047537\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.927001953125,\n              35.460669951495305\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.05859375,\n              36.949891786813296\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.838623046875,\n              36.90597988519294\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.410400390625,\n              35.11990857099681\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.15771484375,\n              35.146862906756304\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be53e4b0f59b85e02f34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kerr, R. A.","contributorId":152674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kerr","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":32553,"text":"pp1089 - 1980 - Preliminary correlation of post-Erie interstadial events (16,000-10,000 radiocarbon years before present), central and eastern Great Lakes region, and Hudson, Champlain, and St. Lawrence Lowlands, United States and Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-08T21:37:20.681613","indexId":"pp1089","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1089","title":"Preliminary correlation of post-Erie interstadial events (16,000-10,000 radiocarbon years before present), central and eastern Great Lakes region, and Hudson, Champlain, and St. Lawrence Lowlands, United States and Canada","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1089","usgsCitation":"Fullerton, D.S., 1980, Preliminary correlation of post-Erie interstadial events (16,000-10,000 radiocarbon years before present), central and eastern Great Lakes region, and Hudson, Champlain, and St. Lawrence Lowlands, United States and Canada: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1089, Report: iv, 52 p.; 1 Plate: 49.50 x 39.50 inches and 44.50 x 39.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1089.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 52 p.; 1 Plate: 49.50 x 39.50 inches and 44.50 x 39.50 inches","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416829,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93009.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":60386,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1089/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60387,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1089/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":164372,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1089/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60385,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1089/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89,\n              47.6469\n            ],\n            [\n              -89,\n              39.5933\n            ],\n            [\n              -69,\n              39.5933\n            ],\n            [\n              -69,\n              47.6469\n            ],\n            [\n              -89,\n              47.6469\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c6ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fullerton, David S. fullerton@usgs.gov","contributorId":448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fullerton","given":"David","email":"fullerton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":208669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29280,"text":"wri8058 - 1980 - Effects of the rate of releases from Sam Rayburn Reservoir on the aeration capacity of the Angelina River, eastern Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T21:03:41.313138","indexId":"wri8058","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-58","title":"Effects of the rate of releases from Sam Rayburn Reservoir on the aeration capacity of the Angelina River, eastern Texas","docAbstract":"<p>A three-phase study was conducted during July and August 1979 to determine the effects of varying release rates through the power-outlet works at Sam Rayburn Reservoir, eastern Texas, on aeration capacity of a 14-mile reach of the Angelina River below Sam Rayburn Dam. The dominant factors that affected the aeration capacity during the study time were time of travel and the dissolved-oxygen deficit of the releases. Aeration was low throughout the study but increased in response to increases in the dissolved-oxygen deficit and the duration of time that the releases were exposed to the atmosphere (time of travel). The average concentration of dissolved oxygen sustained by release of 8,800 cubic feet per second decreased from 5.0 milligrams per liter at a site near the power outlet to 4.8 milligrams per liter at a site about 14 miles downstream; the time of travel averaged about 8 hours. The average concentration of dissolved oxygen in flow sustained by releases of 2,200 cubic feet per second increased from 5.2 to 5.5 milligrams per liter; the time of travel averaged about 20 hours.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri8058","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Rawson, J., Goss, R.L., and Rathbun, I.G., 1980, Effects of the rate of releases from Sam Rayburn Reservoir on the aeration capacity of the Angelina River, eastern Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-58, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8058.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415472,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35423.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258643,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0058/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":258642,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0058/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Angelina River, Sam Rayburn Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.083,\n              30.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.083,\n              31.113\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.2,\n              31.113\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.2,\n              30.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.083,\n              30.8\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ec01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rawson, Jack","contributorId":18345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rawson","given":"Jack","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goss, Richard L.","contributorId":50178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goss","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rathbun, Ira G.","contributorId":78368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"Ira","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047444,"text":"70047444 - 1979 - Geology and groundwater resources of Monroe County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":8222,"text":"ofr79414 - 1979 - Ground-water resources of Monroe County, Pennsylvania","indexId":"ofr79414","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water resources of Monroe County, Pennsylvania"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047444,"text":"70047444 - 1979 - Geology and groundwater resources of Monroe County, Pennsylvania","indexId":"70047444","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and groundwater resources of Monroe County, Pennsylvania"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-06T14:38:32.722352","indexId":"70047444","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T11:07:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":143,"text":"Water Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"47","title":"Geology and groundwater resources of Monroe County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Monroe County is on the eastern border of Pennsylvania and includes much of the area popularly called the Poconos. It is an area long used for outdoor recreation and includes a part of the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area. Water resources in the county are derived from precipitation. The Lehigh and Delaware Rivers, bordering the northwestern and southeastern parts, respectively, are the drains for surface-water and groundwater discharge and are essentially unused for water supply.","language":"English","publisher":"Pennsylvania Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Harrisburg, PA","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Lloyd, O.B., and Carswell, L.D., 1979, Geology and groundwater resources of Monroe County, Pennsylvania: Water Resource Report 47, Report: vii, 61 p.; 1 Plate: 54.25 x 42.00 inches.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 61 p.; 1 Plate: 54.25 x 42.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276113,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70047444.PNG"},{"id":276110,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://maps.dcnr.pa.gov/publications/Default.aspx?id=144","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Monroe County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.647438,40.813526 ], [ -75.647438,41.253632 ], [ -74.966704,41.253632 ], [ -74.966704,40.813526 ], [ -75.647438,40.813526 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52021ae4e4b0e21cafa49c4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lloyd, Orville B. Jr.","contributorId":47639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lloyd","given":"Orville","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carswell, Louis D.","contributorId":17259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5221460,"text":"5221460 - 1979 - Recovery of breeding success in a population of brown pelicans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T17:39:52","indexId":"5221460","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:56","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Recovery of breeding success in a population of brown pelicans","docAbstract":"<p> Breeding populations of the brown pelican (<i>Pelecanus occidentalis</i>) declined during the 1960's on both east and west coasts of the United States. In 1969, colonies in South Carolina fledged an average of 0.78 young per nest (Blus et al. 1974b), and those in California only 0.004 (Anderson et al. 1975). The minimum production for population stability has been estimated to be 1.0 to 1.2 fledglings per nest (Henny 1972, Anderson et al. 1977). The South Carolina population may have decreased by as much as 80% during the previous decade (Blus 1970).</p><p> Organochlorine pesticides were implicated as a cause of population decline. Eggs from South Carolina contained an average of 5.4 parts per million (ppm) of DDE (wet weight basis) in 1969, and those from California about 70 ppm wet weight (Blus et al. 1974a, Anderson et al. 1975). Shells of South Carolina brown pelican eggs were,17% thinner than normal, and those from California were 30% thinner, compared with shells of eggs laid before DDE was introduced in 1947 (Blus et al. 1974a, Anderson et al. 1975); crushed eggs were common in the colonies. DDE was the primary cause of shell thinning (Blus et al. 1971), but dieldrin was also associated with breeding failure, and both may be embryotoxic (Porter and Wiemeyer 1969, Longcore et al. 1971, Blus et al. 1974b).</p><p> Brown pelicans also declined in Louisiana and Texas during this period, in association with shell thinning and relatively high organochlorine levels (Anderson and Hickey 1970, Blus et al. 1975, King et al. 1977). Eggs of pelicans in Florida, however, contained lower residues, and numbers have remained stable (Williams and Martin 1970). In 1969, the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center and Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge initiated an intensive study of the South Carolina population. Size of the breeding colonies, production, eggshell thickness, and organochlorine residues were monitored each year. Between 1969 and 1976 organochlorines in the eggs declined gradually, reproductive success improved, and the breeding population doubled (Blus et al. 1979).</p><p> We have continued to monitor the South Carolina brown pelican population. Results for 1977 and 1978 are presented here, with an evaluation of the significance and possible causes of current breeding success. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 1978 conference of the colonial waterbird group","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"1978 conference of the colonial waterbird group","conferenceDate":"October 20-23, 1978","conferenceLocation":"New York, NY","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1520936","usgsCitation":"Mendenhall, V.M., and Prouty, R.M., 1979, Recovery of breeding success in a population of brown pelicans, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 1978 conference of the colonial waterbird group, v. 2, New York, NY, October 20-23, 1978, p. 65-70, https://doi.org/10.2307/1520936.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"70","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199436,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a37e4b07f02db61c399","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Southern, William E.","contributorId":68919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Southern","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729783,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Mendenhall, Vivian M.","contributorId":98405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendenhall","given":"Vivian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":333901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prouty, Richard M.","contributorId":79121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prouty","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012515,"text":"70012515 - 1979 - Small-scale slump deposits, Middle Atlantic Continental Slope, off eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-18T15:29:03.341509","indexId":"70012515","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Small-scale slump deposits, Middle Atlantic Continental Slope, off eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p>Analyses of 24 high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles that were collected during local and regional surveys show that small-scale slump deposite are ubiquitous whthin the intercanyon areas of the Continental Slope of the Middle Atlantic Bight. The deposits involve the upper 10-90 m of sediments, extend downslops for 1.8-7.2 km, and are present at water depths ranging from 545 to 1500 m. The characteristics of the deposits vary from thin, homogeneous or fairly regularly bedded lenses of sediment, to masses of intermediate thickness with contorted bedding, to relatively large slump blocks. A detailed survey of one slump mass just south of Hudson Canyon (by means of close-spaced Minisparker profiles and sediment cores) showed that it had a thickness of about 30 m and a volume of at least 0.4 km3 and consisted of homogeneous clay which accumulated rapidly during the late Pleistocene or Holocene. Although some of the slump deposits undoubtedly are relict, stemming from sediment instability porduced by rapid deposition during Pleistocene sea-level regressions, others were formed relatively recently. Possible causes of modern slumps include gas generation in the sediments, bottom-water turbulence on the upper slope, and shallow faulting. This study indicates that small-scale slumping in the intercanyon areas may be an important process in transporting sediments to the deep sea and suggests that recent mass movements may constitute a geologic hazard to future economic development of this part of the Continental Slope.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(79)90110-5","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Knebes, H., and Carson, B., 1979, Small-scale slump deposits, Middle Atlantic Continental Slope, off eastern United States: Marine Geology, v. 29, no. 1-4, p. 221-236, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(79)90110-5.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"236","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222542,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Middle Atlantic Bight","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.88771708896576,\n              40.263326615601756\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.45922882846764,\n              38.633058616550365\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.58169389106907,\n              37.103688088321874\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.89701653441095,\n              36.7128742895589\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.92570445520803,\n              40.263326615601756\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.88771708896576,\n              40.263326615601756\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b919ae4b08c986b3199c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knebes, H.J.","contributorId":19291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knebes","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carson, Bobb","contributorId":38285,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carson","given":"Bobb","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010335,"text":"70010335 - 1979 - Earthquake recurrence on the Calaveras fault east of San Jose, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-03T16:51:14.982934","indexId":"70010335","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake recurrence on the Calaveras fault east of San Jose, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>Occurrence of small (3 ⩽&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub><i>L</i></sub><span>&nbsp;&lt; 4) earthquakes on two 10-km segments of the Calaveras fault between Calaveras and Anderson reservoirs follows a simple linear pattern of elastic strain accumulation and release. The centers of these independent patches of earthquake activity are 20 km apart. Each region is characterized by a constant rate of seismic slip as computed from earthquake magnitudes, and is assumed to be an isolated locked patch on a creeping fault surface. By calculating seismic slip rates and the amount of seismic slip since the time of the last significant (</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;⩾ 3) earthquake, it is possible to estimate the most likely date of the next (</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;⩾- 3) event on each patch. The larger the last significant event, the longer the time until the next one. The recurrence time also appears to be increased according to the moment of smaller (2 &lt;&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub><i>L</i></sub><span>&nbsp;&lt; 3) events in the interim. The anticipated times of future larger events on each patch, on the basis of preliminary location data through May 1977 and estimates of interim activity, are tabulated below with standard errors. The occurrence time for the southern zone is based on eight recurrent events since 1969, the northern zone on only three. The 95% confidence limits can be estimated as twice the standard error of the projected least-squares line. Events of&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;⩾ 3 should not occur in the specified zones at times outside these limits. The central region between the two zones was the locus of two events (</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;= 3.6, 3.3) on July 3, 1977. These events occurred prior to a window based on the three point, post-1969 slip-time line for the central region.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90277-4","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Bufe, C.G., Harsh, P., and Burford, R.O., 1979, Earthquake recurrence on the Calaveras fault east of San Jose, California: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 603-603, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90277-4.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"603","endPage":"603","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218792,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Jose","otherGeospatial":"Calaveras fault","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.86532830653152,\n              37.52332164696976\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.86532830653152,\n              37.42278769737207\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.73138190198938,\n              37.42278769737207\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.73138190198938,\n              37.52332164696976\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.86532830653152,\n              37.52332164696976\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a04ffe4b0c8380cd50bea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bufe, Charles G. cbufe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bufe","given":"Charles","email":"cbufe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":358663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harsh, Philip W.","contributorId":18028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harsh","given":"Philip W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burford, Robert O.","contributorId":52560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burford","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70010424,"text":"70010424 - 1979 - Quaternary crustal deformation along a major branch of the San Andreas fault in central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-04T16:47:46.74958","indexId":"70010424","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quaternary crustal deformation along a major branch of the San Andreas fault in central California","docAbstract":"<p><span>Deformed marine terraces and alluvial deposits record Quaternary crustal deformation along segments of a major, seismically active branch of the San Andreas fault which extends 190 km SSE roughly parallel to the California coastline from Bolinas Lagoon to the Point Sur area. Most of this complex fault zone lies offshore (mapped by others using acoustical techniques), but a 4-km segment (Seal Cove fault) near Half Moon Bay and a 26-km segment (San Gregorio fault) between San Gregorio and Point Ano Nuevo lie onshore.</span></p><p><span>At Half Moon Bay, right-lateral slip and N—S horizontal compression are expressed by a broad, synclinal warp in the first (lowest: 125 ka?) and second marine terraces on the NE side of the Seal Cove fault. This structure plunges to the west at an oblique angle into the fault plane. Linear, joint0controlled stream courses draining the coastal uplands are deflected toward the topographic depression along the synclinal axis where they emerge from the hills to cross the lowest terrace. Streams crossing the downwarped part of this terrace adjacent to Half Moon Bay are depositing alluvial fans, whereas streams crossing the uplifted southern limb of the syncline southwest of the bay are deeply incised. Minimum crustal shortening across this syncline parallel to the fault is 0.7% over the past 125 ka, based on deformation of the shoreline angle of the first terrace.</span></p><p><span>Between San Gregorio and Point Ano Nuevo the entire fault zone is 2.5–3.0 km wide and has three primary traces or zones of faulting consisting of numerous en-echelon and anastomozing secondary fault traces. Lateral discontinuities and variable deformation of well-preserved marine terrace sequences help define major structural blocks and document differential motions in this area and south to Santa Cruz. Vertical displacement occurs on all of the fault traces, but is small compared to horizontal displacement. Some blocks within the fault zone are intensely faulted and steeply tilted. One major block 0.8 km wide east of Point Ano Nuevo is downdropped as much as 20 m between two primary traces to form a graben presently filling with Holocene deposits. Where exposed in the sea cliff, these deposits are folded into a vertical attitude adjacent to the fault plane forming the south-west margin of the graben. Near Point Ano Nuevo sedimentary deposits and fault rubble beneath a secondary high-angle reverse fault record three and possibly six distinct offset events in the past 125 ka.</span></p><p><span>The three primary fault traces offset in a right-lateral sense the shoreline angles of the two lowest terraces east of Point Ano Nuevo. The rates of displacement on the three traces are similar. The average rate of horizontal offset across the entire zone is between 0.63 and 1.30 cm/yr, based on an amino-acid age estimate of 125 ka for the first terrace, and a reasonable guess of 200–400 ka for the second terrace. Rates of this magnitude make up a significant part of the deficit between long-term relative plate motions (estimated by others to be about 6 cm/yr) and present displacement rates along other parts of the San Andreas fault system (about 3.2 cm/yr).</span></p><p><span>Northwestward tilt and convergence of six marine terraces northeast of Ano Nuevo (southwest side of the fault zone) indicate continuous gentle warping associated with right-lateral displacement since early or middle Pleistocene time. Minimum local crustal shortening of this block parallel to the fault is 0.2% based on tilt of the highest terrace. Five major, evenly spaced terraces southeast of Ano Nuevo on the southwest flank of Mt. Ben Lomond (northeast side of the fault zone) rise to an elevation of 240 m, indicating relatively constant uplift (about 0.19 m/ka and southwestward tilt since Early or Middle Pleistocene time (Bradley and Griggs, 1976).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90250-6","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Weber, G.E., Lajoie, K.R., and Wehmiller, J., 1979, Quaternary crustal deformation along a major branch of the San Andreas fault in central California: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 378-379, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90250-6.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"378","endPage":"379","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219530,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"central California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.5194629235352,\n              37.973169375002726\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.05133073107262,\n              35.654205501747015\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.17267019978546,\n              33.17708096559648\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.02307974497106,\n              33.24006195557827\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.19211617365147,\n              38.46789540600368\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5194629235352,\n              37.973169375002726\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a928ce4b0c8380cd8090a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weber, G. E.","contributorId":28612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lajoie, K. R.","contributorId":6828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lajoie","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wehmiller, J.F.","contributorId":37891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wehmiller","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012504,"text":"70012504 - 1979 - Two areas of probable holocene deformation in southwestern Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-04T16:18:27.471378","indexId":"70012504","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two areas of probable holocene deformation in southwestern Utah","docAbstract":"<p>Recent geologic studies in southwestern Utah indicate two areas of probable Holocene ground deformation. </p><p>1. (1) A narrow arm of Lake Bonneville is known to have extended southward into Escalante Valley as far as Lund, Utah. Remnants of weakly developed shoreline features, which we have recently found, suggest that Lake Bonnevile covered an area of about 800 km<sup>2</sup> beyond its previously recognized limits near Lund. Shoreline elevations show a gradual increase from 1553 m near Lund to 1584 m at a point 50 km further southwest, representing a reversal of the pattern that would result from isostatic rebound. The conspicuously flat floor of Escalante Valley covers an additional 100 km<sup>2</sup> southward toward Enterprise, where its elevation is greater than 1610 m, but no shoreline features are recognizable; therefore, the former presence of the lake is only suspected. The measured 31-m rise over 50 km and the suspected 57-m rise in elevation over 70 km apparently occurred after Lake Bonnevile abandoned this area. The abandonment could have occurred as recently as 13,000 years ago, in which case the uplift is mainly of Holocene age. It probably has a deep-seated tectonic origin because it is situated above an inferred 9-km upwarp of the mantle that has been reported beneath the southern part of Escalante Valley on the basis of teleseismic P-wave residuals. </p><p>2. (2) Numerous closed topographic basins, ranging from a few hundred square meters to 1 km2 in area, are found at various elevations along the west margin of the Colorado Plateau northeast of Cedar City. Geologic mapping in that area indicates that the basins are located over complex structural depressions in which the rocks are faulted and folded. Several of the depressions are perched along the walls of the West Fork of Braffits Creek, one of a few north-draining creeks that have incised deeply into the plateau margin. Extremely active modern erosion by the creek has produced a 6-km-long gorge along which excellent exposures provide good evidence that the topographic depressions, as well as the entire valley, are located over a north-trending structural graben in which rocks of Cretaceous, Tertiary, and Quaternary age are complexly deformed. The trough appears to be actively subsiding, as evidenced by inward-dipping youthful scarps and V-shaped trenches found along both walls of the valley. The scarp on the east side is continuous for 1.5 km, and that on the west is discontinuous for the same distance. Charcoal-bearing alluvium from a sequence of faulted sedimentary debris in the inner gorge has yielded discordant dates by the 14C technique, but the dates suggest that at least 6 m of fault displacement occurred during the Late Holocene.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90257-9","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R., and Bucknam, R., 1979, Two areas of probable holocene deformation in southwestern Utah: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 417-430, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90257-9.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"417","endPage":"430","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222419,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"southwestern Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.13988686177788,\n              38.76852920061029\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.13988686177788,\n              36.95389428410948\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.0304136471782,\n              36.95389428410948\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.0304136471782,\n              38.76852920061029\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.13988686177788,\n              38.76852920061029\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb94be4b08c986b327baf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, R.E.","contributorId":91479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bucknam, R.C.","contributorId":35744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bucknam","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012412,"text":"70012412 - 1979 - Vertical crustal movements in the Charleston, South Carolina-Savannah, Georgia area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-05T16:31:15.061746","indexId":"70012412","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vertical crustal movements in the Charleston, South Carolina-Savannah, Georgia area","docAbstract":"<p><span>First-order vertical level surveys (National Geodetic Survey) repeated between 1955 and 1975 suggest that modern vertical crustal movements have taken place in the Atlantic Coastal Plain between Charleston, South Carolina and Savannah, Georgia. The relative sense of these movements correlates with the sense of displacement of Tertiary strata on known geologic structures. Whereas regional dip of strata in most of the Atlantic Coastal Plain is southeasterly, the regional dip of Tertiary strata in this part of the Coastal Plain averages 2 m/km to the south or southwest. Positive structural features disturb this regional dip along a poorly defined zone, about 25 km wide, parallel to the coast between Savannah and Charleston. Structural relief on these features is as much as 20 m. Repeated level lines that cross the Atlantic Coastal Plain elsewhere generally show an increase in modern relative subsidence from west to east. However, in the Charleston—Savannah area, the amount of relative subsidence remains fairly constant or decreases from west to east across the structural highs. At two localities near Charleston, where Tertiary beds are offset by faults roughly on strike with one another, an abrupt break in a repeated level line occurs where the level line crosses the probable extensions of these faults. The average modern rates of relative uplift and subsidence (assuming they are constant) are compatible with rates noted throughout the Coastal Plain. Long-term extrapolation of modern rates appears unreasonable; episodic or oscillatory movements are much more likely.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90223-3","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Lyttle, P.T., Gohn, G., Higgins, B., and Wright, D., 1979, Vertical crustal movements in the Charleston, South Carolina-Savannah, Georgia area: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 183-189, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90223-3.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"189","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221822,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.89939091011503,\n              33.56449440727431\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.89939091011503,\n              31.94598797126214\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.42308747915132,\n              31.94598797126214\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.42308747915132,\n              33.56449440727431\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.89939091011503,\n              33.56449440727431\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc22fe4b08c986b32a9a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyttle, Peter T.","contributorId":244786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyttle","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":363478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gohn, Gregory S. ggohn@usgs.gov","contributorId":147414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gohn","given":"Gregory S.","email":"ggohn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Higgins, Brenda","contributorId":106106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"Brenda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, D.S.","contributorId":56799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70010272,"text":"70010272 - 1979 - Initiation and development of the southern California uplift along its northern margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-05T16:14:37.25027","indexId":"70010272","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Initiation and development of the southern California uplift along its northern margin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Analysis of three first-order leveling lines that traverse the White Wolf fault (site of the 1952&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;= 7.7 earthquake), each resurveyed nine times between 1926 and 1974, reveals probable preseismic tilting, major coseismic movements, and a spatial association between these movements and the subsequently recognized southern California uplift. In examining the vertical control record, we have both searched for evidence of systematic errors and excluded from consideration portions of the lines contaminated by subsurface fluid and gas extraction. Movements have been referred to an invariant datum based on the 1926 position of tidal BM 8 in San Pedro, corrected for subsequent eustatic sea-level change.</span></p><p><span>An 8 μrad up-to-the-north preseismic tilt (6 cm/7.5 km) was apparently recorded on two adjacent line segments within 10 km of the 1952 epicenter between 1942 and 1947. It is possible, however, that this tilt was in part caused by extraction-induced subsidence at one of the six releveled benchmarks. Data also show evidence of episodic tilts that are not earthquake related. At the junction of the Garlock and San Andreas faults, for example,&nbsp;<i>an</i>&nbsp;≥5 μrad up-to-the-north tilt (7.2 cm/≤16 km) took place between Lebec and Grapevine within three months during 1964.</span></p><p><span>Comparison of the 1947 and 1953 surveys, which includes the coseismic interval, shows that the SW-fault end (nearest the epicenter) and the central fault reach sustained four times the uplift recorded at the NE end of the fault (+72 cm SW, +53 cm Central, +16 cm NE). A regional postseismic uplift of 4 cm extended ≥25 km to either side of the fault after the main event, from 1953 to 1956. An interval of relative quiescence followed at least through 1959, in which the elevation change did not exceed ±3 cm.</span></p><p><span>The detailed pattern of aseismic uplift demonstrates that movement proceeded in space—time pulses: one half of the uplift at the SW-fault end and extending southward occurred between 1959 and 1961, one half of the uplift at the NE-fault end and extending eastward occurred between 1961 and 1965, while the central fault reach sustained successive pulses of subsidence, uplift, and collapse (−4 cm, 1953–1960; +7 cm, 1960–1965; −2 cm, 1965–1970). In addition, the number of aftershocks concentrated near the fault ends increased in the NE relative to the SW from 1952 to 1974. These observations suggest that the aseismic uplift may have migrated northeastward from 1959 to 1965 at an approximate rate of 7–16 km/yr.</span></p><p><span>Evidence for a mechanical coupling between the earthquake and the subsequent aseismic uplift is equivocal. At both fault ends, the major NWbounding flexure or tilted front of the southern California uplift is spatially coincident with the coseismic flexure that preceded it. In addition, the postulated migration of vertical deformation is similar to the 1952 seismic event in which the rupture initiated at the SW end of the fault and then propagated to the NE-fault end. However, the spatial distribution of aseismic uplift, nearly identical at both fault ends and to the south and east, and near zero in the central fault reach, is distinctly different from the nonuniform and localized coseismic deformation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90234-8","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Stein, R., Thatcher, W., and Castle, R.O., 1979, Initiation and development of the southern California uplift along its northern margin: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 301-302, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90234-8.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"302","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218858,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"southern California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.7291858900493,\n              35.46353030675584\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.7291858900493,\n              32.603965801918534\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.22074772045107,\n              32.603965801918534\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.22074772045107,\n              35.46353030675584\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.7291858900493,\n              35.46353030675584\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3befe4b0c8380cd62948","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stein, R.S.","contributorId":8875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thatcher, W.","contributorId":32669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Castle, R. O.","contributorId":79880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castle","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012471,"text":"70012471 - 1979 - Seismic refraction study of the continental edge off the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-03T16:15:04.836002","indexId":"70012471","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic refraction study of the continental edge off the eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Three long, strike-parallel, seismic-refraction profiles were made on the continental shelf edge, slope and upper rise off New Jersey during 1975. The shelf edge line lies along the axis of the East Coast Magnetic Anomaly (ECMA), while the continental rise line lies 80 km seaward of the shelf edge. Below the unconsolidated sediments (1.7–3.6 km/sec), high-velocity sedimentary rocks (4.2–6.2 km/sec) were found at depths of 2.6–8.2 km and are inferred to be cemented carbonates. Although multichannel seismic-reflection profiles and magnetic depth-to-source data predicted the top of oceanic basement at 6–8 km beneath the shelf edge and 10–11 km beneath the rise, no refracted events occurred as first arrivals from either oceanic basement (layer 2, approximately 5.5 km/ sec) or the upper oceanic crust (layer 3A, approximately 6.8 km/sec). Second arrivals from 10.5 km depth beneath the shelf edge are interpreted as events from a 5.9 km/sec refractor within igneous basement. Other refracted events from either layers 2 or 3A could not be resolved within the complex second arrivals. A well-defined crustal layer with a compressional velocity of 7.1–7.2 km/sec, which can be interpreted as oceanic layer 3B, occurred at 15.8 km depth beneath the shelf and 12.9 km beneath the upper rise. A well-reversed mantle velocity of 8.3 km/sec was measured at 18–22 km depth beneath the upper continental rise. Comparison with other deep-crustal profiles along the continental edge of the Atlantic margin off the United States, specifically in the inner magnetically quiet zone, indicates that the compressional wave velocities and layer depths determined on the U.S.G.S. profiles are very similar to those of nearby profiles. This suggests that the layers are continuous and that the interpretation of the oceanic layer 3B under the shelf edge east of New Jersey implies progradation of the shelf outward over the oceanic crust in that area. This agrees with magnetic anomaly evidence which shows the East Coast Magnetic Anomaly landward of the shelf edge off New Jersey and with previous seismic reflection data which reveal extensive outbuilding of the shelf edge during the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous, probably by carbonate bank-margin accretion.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90036-2","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Sheridan, R.E., Grow, J.A., Behrendt, J.C., and Bayer, K., 1979, Seismic refraction study of the continental edge off the eastern United States: Tectonophysics, v. 59, no. 1-4, p. 1-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90036-2.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221894,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"East Coast Magnetic Anomaly","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.77259955569362,\n              40.78284966218726\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.34403545620954,\n              38.81839660657491\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.14664333581237,\n              38.07265831030233\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.57301878414793,\n              40.01936299572219\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.77259955569362,\n              40.78284966218726\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b52e4b08c986b31774e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheridan, R. E.","contributorId":36681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grow, J. A.","contributorId":27858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grow","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Behrendt, John C. jbehrendt@usgs.gov","contributorId":25945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behrendt","given":"John","email":"jbehrendt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":213,"text":"Crustal Imaging and Characterization Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bayer, K.C.","contributorId":45714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayer","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":6190,"text":"pp1024 - 1979 - General geology and mines of the East Tintic mining district, Utah and Juab counties, Utah, with sections on the geology of the Burgin mine and the geology of the Trixie mine","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":15082,"text":"ofr5684 - 1956 - U.S. Geological Survey exploration program in the Trixie area, East Tintic mining district, Utah County, Utah","indexId":"ofr5684","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"title":"U.S. Geological Survey exploration program in the Trixie area, East Tintic mining district, Utah County, Utah"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":6190,"text":"pp1024 - 1979 - General geology and mines of the East Tintic mining district, Utah and Juab counties, Utah, with sections on the geology of the Burgin mine and the geology of the Trixie mine","indexId":"pp1024","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"General geology and mines of the East Tintic mining district, Utah and Juab counties, Utah, with sections on the geology of the Burgin mine and the geology of the Trixie mine"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":46930,"text":"ofr6289 - 1962 - Geologic map of the Mammoth mine area, Tintic district, Utah","indexId":"ofr6289","publicationYear":"1962","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Mammoth mine area, Tintic district, Utah"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":6190,"text":"pp1024 - 1979 - General geology and mines of the East Tintic mining district, Utah and Juab counties, Utah, with sections on the geology of the Burgin mine and the geology of the Trixie mine","indexId":"pp1024","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"General geology and mines of the East Tintic mining district, Utah and Juab counties, Utah, with sections on the geology of the Burgin mine and the geology of the Trixie mine"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-23T16:16:29.367871","indexId":"pp1024","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1024","title":"General geology and mines of the East Tintic mining district, Utah and Juab counties, Utah, with sections on the geology of the Burgin mine and the geology of the Trixie mine","docAbstract":"<p>This report is a study of the rocks, geologic structures, and mines of a highly productive silver, gold, and base-metal mining district in the east-central Great Basin. </p><p>The East Tintic mining district is in the east-central part of the East Tintic Mountains, near the east margin of the Basin and Range province in Utah and Juab Counties, Utah. The district occupies the northeastern part of the Eureka quadrangle and is about 5 mi (8 km) wide and 6 mi (9.7 km) long. Officially it is within the designated boundaries of the Tintic mining district, but it generally though erroneously has been regarded as a separate district since the late 1800's.</p><p>Prospecting was first undertaken in East Tintic in 1870; although small quantities of ore were produced in 1899 and from 1909 to 1913, the district first achieved prominence in 1916 with the discovery of the totally concealed Central ore body of the Tintic Standard mine. Within a few years of this discovery, the Tintic Standard became one of the most productive silver mines in the world. Additional discoveries of important concealed ore deposits have continued to be made in the district, including the North Lily mine in 1927, the Eureka Lilly and Eureka Standard mines in 1928, the Burgin mine in 1958, and the Trixie mine in 1969.</p><p>To December 31, 1975, the East Tintic mining district has yielded approximately 4.83 million short tons (4.38 million tonnes) of silver, gold, and base-metal ores, largely from concealed deposits overlain by many hundreds of feet of barren rocks. These ores have a gross valuation of approximately $231 million. The district first achieved prominence in 1916 with the discovery of the ore bodies of the Tintic Standard mine, which for a time was the world's richest silver producer (Lindgren, 1933, p. 588). By 1946 this deposit and a number of other deposits discovered and developed nearby had been exhausted, and the district became dormant. A dramatic revival of, mining activities in the East Tintic district began in 1956 after the discovery and subsequent development of the concealed Burgin ore bodies in an area 1 mile (1.6 km) southeast of the Tintic Standard that previously had been only superficially prospected. As in the earlier history of the district, the Burgin development has led to the discovery of other concealed deposits, focusing international attention on the revitalization of a nearly abandoned mining district by the application of geologic and geochemical techniques.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/pp1024","usgsCitation":"Morris, H.T., Lovering, T.S., Mogensen, A.P., Shepard, W., Perry, L.I., and Smith, S.M., 1979, General geology and mines of the East Tintic mining district, Utah and Juab counties, Utah, with sections on the geology of the Burgin mine and the geology of the Trixie mine: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1024, Report: vi, 203 p.; 4 Plates: 40.77 x 42.32 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1024.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 203 p.; 4 Plates: 40.77 x 42.32 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":495907,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4685.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":340398,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1024/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":340397,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1024/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":340396,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1024/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":340395,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1024/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140714,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1024/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":340394,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1024/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Utah County,  Juab County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.1,\n              39.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -112,\n              39.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -112,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.1,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.1,\n              39.9\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0f93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morris, H. T.","contributorId":15585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovering, Thomas Seward","contributorId":17227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovering","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"Seward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mogensen, A. P.","contributorId":26296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mogensen","given":"A.","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shepard, W.M.","contributorId":25563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shepard","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perry, L. I.","contributorId":25940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"L.","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, S. M.","contributorId":27859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":7445,"text":"ofr791206 - 1979 - Preliminary report on drilling in and near the San Andreas fault zone, California; Dry Lake Valley No. 1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-08T23:45:39.20105","indexId":"ofr791206","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1206","title":"Preliminary report on drilling in and near the San Andreas fault zone, California; Dry Lake Valley No. 1","docAbstract":"<p>The purpose of drilling into the San Andreas fault zone is threefold. First, recovery of material from depth will permit determination of the composition and constitutive properties of both solid and fluid phases. Second, it will enable measurements of the physical state of the fault zone to be made (that is, the state of in-situ stress, pore pressure, and temperature). Finally, it will allow emplacement of instruments at depth in the fault zone as part of experiments related to earthquake prediction.</p><p>This report briefly describes the drilling history and preliminary analysis of fault zone materials from site Dry Lake Valley (DLV) No. 1 (Fig. 1). The site is located at Lat. 36028.09'N, Long. 12103.32'W. This site was chosen in an attempt to drill a 1 km deep well that would reach earthquake foci. Although the entire central section of the San Andreas fault is characterized by moderate seismicity and aseismic creep, Dry Lake Valley has particularly shallow earthquakes as well as a fairly high creep rate (18-20 mm/year, S. Schultz, pers. comm.). Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section along the San Andreas fault showing high precision locations of magnitude one or greater earthquakes that occurred in 1973-1975 (from W. Ellsworth, per. comm.). The depth accuracy of the earthquakes shown is about <span>±</span> 0.5 km, and it is obvious from Figure 2 that Dry Lake Valley earthquakes are extremely shallow.</p><p>As shown in Figure 1 the general geology of the central section of the San Andreas fault consists of Tertiary to Jurassic sedimentary and volcanic rocks overlying Cretaceous age Gabilan granite of the Salinian Block on the west side of the fault and Cretaceous-Jurassic sedimentary assemblages of the Franciscan Complex to the east of the fault. Dibblee (1979) summarizes the geology along the central San Andreas fault. At the Dry Lake Valley site as much as 2 km of Pliocene-Miocene marine sediments (Etchegoin and Santa Margarita formation) overlie Franciscan rocks on the northeast side of the San Andreas fault. On the southwestern side of the fault, 1-2 km of Pliocene-Miocene valley sediments and granitic conglomerate overlies the Gabilan granite.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr791206","usgsCitation":"Roller, J.C., Zoback, M.D., Raleigh, C., and Liechti, R., 1979, Preliminary report on drilling in and near the San Andreas fault zone, California; Dry Lake Valley No. 1: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1206, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791206.","productDescription":"9 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":424208,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1206/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141582,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1206/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Dry Lake Valley, San Andreas fault zone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.1304821047622,\n              36.76699348900142\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.1304821047622,\n              35.846256286535905\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.449573901637,\n              35.846256286535905\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.449573901637,\n              36.76699348900142\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.1304821047622,\n              36.76699348900142\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cb23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roller, John C.","contributorId":60642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roller","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zoback, Mark D.","contributorId":80275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"Mark","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raleigh, C.B.","contributorId":40219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raleigh","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liechti, R.P.","contributorId":67510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liechti","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":36801,"text":"fwsobs78_81A - 1979 - Surface mining and fish/wildlife needs in the eastern United States: addendum to proceedings of a symposium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T17:37:53","indexId":"fwsobs78_81A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"78/81A","title":"Surface mining and fish/wildlife needs in the eastern United States: addendum to proceedings of a symposium","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Stauffer, J.R., Hocutt, C.H., and Mason, W., 1979, Surface mining and fish/wildlife needs in the eastern United States: addendum to proceedings of a symposium: FWS/OBS 78/81A, 125 p. : ill.; 26 cm.","productDescription":"125 p. : ill.; 26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":94100,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015000763469?urlappend=%3Bseq=7"},{"id":165693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697d6a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Samuel, David E.","contributorId":56284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"David E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749501,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Stauffer, Jay R.","contributorId":51816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hocutt, Charles H.","contributorId":41493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hocutt","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, William T.","contributorId":27516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"William T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":7451,"text":"ofr791621 - 1979 - A preliminary study of the Coyote Lake earthquake of August 6, 1979, and its major aftershocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-29T14:02:36.980982","indexId":"ofr791621","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1621","title":"A preliminary study of the Coyote Lake earthquake of August 6, 1979, and its major aftershocks","docAbstract":"<p>The August 6, 1979 earthquake (magnitude 5.7 + 0.2) was located about 1 km east of the Calaveras fault trace near Coyote Lake, at a depth of about 10 km. The spatial distribution of the aftershocks in the first 15 days and the focal mechanism of the main shock and selected aftershocks suggest that faulting took place primarily to the southeast of the main shock along a 25-km segment of the Calaveras fault zone at a depth of 4 to 12 km. The motion was right-lateral strike-slip along a nearly vertical fault plane. Discontinuous surface rupture was observed along a 14.4-km length of the recently active trace of the fault southeast of Coyote Lake, but no surface faulting was seen in the epicentral area. A maximum 5-mm fault offset was recorded near San Felipe Lake, about 16 km south of the main shock.</p><p>There was no prominent foreshock activity. The cumulative number of aftershocks (N) versus magnitude (M) could be described by the equation log N= 3.33 - 0.75 M, in the magnitude range between 1 and 3.5. The number and size of aftershocks appeared to be much less than that expected for a main shock of magnitude 5.7.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr791621","usgsCitation":"Lee, W., Herd, D.G., Cagnetti, V., Bakun, W.H., and Rapport, A., 1979, A preliminary study of the Coyote Lake earthquake of August 6, 1979, and its major aftershocks: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1621, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791621.","productDescription":"43 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":498082,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1621/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142141,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1621/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Coyote 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,{"id":9172,"text":"ofr791055 - 1979 - Discharge of saltwater from Permian rocks to major stream-aquifer systems in central and south-central Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-30T17:28:09.317768","indexId":"ofr791055","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1055","title":"Discharge of saltwater from Permian rocks to major stream-aquifer systems in central and south-central Kansas","docAbstract":"<p>Saline-water inflow from Permian rocks has resulted in the degradation of freshwater systems in several areas of central and south-central Kansas. Solution of evaporite beds has occurred along the eastern edge of the Wellington Formation, chiefly within the Hutchinson Salt Member and associated gypsum units. The solution, caused by leakage of freshwater primarily from overlying unconsolidated deposits, has resulted in formation of a discontinuous zone of solution cavities and collapsed beds. This zone, which extends southward from Salina to near Wellington, contains large quantities of saltwater and is termed the Wellington aquifer.</p><p>The generalized potentiometric surface of the Wellington aquifer is determined from water-level measurements in observation wells and from digital model studies. A ground-water divide is indicated on this surface east of Hutchinson where the gradient slopes northward toward the Smoky Hill River valley and southeastward toward eastern Sumner County in the Arkansas River valley.</p><p>The digital model and field evidence indicate that there are several major areas where the potentiometric surface of the Wellington aquifer is above the water table of the overlying freshwater deposits. This difference in head provides a mechanism for the upward leakage of saline water. Areas of saline-water encroachment to freshwater systems are near Belle Plaine, Adamsville, and Geuda Springs in south-central Kansas and in the Smoky Hill River valley east of Salina. Another area of possible saline-water contamination is southeast of Hutchinson. Owing to erosion of most of the intervening shale layers, the Wellington aquifer may be in hydraulic connection with the aquifer in the unconsolidated deposits.</p><p>Regression analyses and measurements of seepage and salinity were used to determine the amount of saltwater discharge and chloride-load increase to the Arkansas River and its tributaries between Derby and Arkansas City during 1970-74. These analyses indicate that approximately 0.60 cubic foot per second of saltwater is entering the freshwater system in this area and that the average increase in chloride load is about 229 tons per day.</p><p>Possible methods of alleviating saline-water intrusion include desalinization, dilution, evaporation, and diversion. Interception maybe accomplished by installation of wells in the Wellington aquifer or at the base of the unconsolidated deposits or by construction of collection systems at land surface in areas of seeps and springs. Following interception, possible methods of saline-water disposal include: (1) injection into the Arbuckle Group of Cambrian and Ordovician age, (2) dilution with freshwater in streams during high-flows, or (3) evaporation from surface ponds.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr791055","usgsCitation":"Gogel, A.J., 1979, Discharge of saltwater from Permian rocks to major stream-aquifer systems in central and south-central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1055, Report: 79 p.; 14 Plates: 36.50 x 25.30 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791055.","productDescription":"Report: 79 p.; 14 Plates: 36.50 x 25.30 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":498170,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1055/plate-4-2.pdf","text":"Plate 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,{"id":4369,"text":"cir805 - 1979 - Principal thorium resources in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:28","indexId":"cir805","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"805","title":"Principal thorium resources in the United States","docAbstract":"Resources were assessed for thorium in the higher grade and better known deposits in the United States in: (1) veins, (2) massive carbonatites, (3) stream placers of North and South Carolina, and (4) disseminated deposits. Thorium resources for the first three categories were divided into reserves and probable potential resources. Each of these then were separated into the following cost categories: (1) the amount of ThO2 producible at less than $15 per pound, (2) the amount producible at between $15 and $30 per pound, and (3) the amount producible at more than $50 per pound. The type of mining and milling needed at each deposit determines the capital, operating, and fixed costs of both mining and milling. Costs start with the clearing of land and are carried through to the final product, which for all deposits is ThO2. Capital costs of mining are affected most by the type of mining and the size of the mine. Those of milling are affected most by the kind of mill, its size, and whether or not extra circuits are needed for the separation of rare earths or some other byproduct. \r\n\r\nVeins, massive carbonatites, and stream placers of North and South Carolina have reserves of 188,000 short tons of ThO2 and probable potential resources of 505,000 tons of ThO2. Approximately half of the reserves and probable potential resources can be produced at less than $30 per pound of ThO2. Veins are the highest grade source in the United States and have total reserves of 142,000 tons of ThO2 and probable potential resources of 343,000 tons. About 90 percent of the reserves and 91 percent of the probable potential resources can be produced at less than $15 per pound of ThO2. Seven vein districts were evaluated: (1) Lemhi Pass, Mont.-Idaho, (2) Wet Mountains, Colo., (3) Powderhorn, Colo., (4) Hall Mountain, Idaho, (5) Diamond Creek, Idaho, (6) Bear Lodge Mountains, Wyo. and (7) Mountain Pass, Calif. Eighty-seven percent of the total reserves and probable potential resources are in the Lemhi Pass and Wet Mountains Districts. The first district has reserves of 68,000 tons of ThO2 and probable potential resources of 124,000 tons that can be produced at less than $15 per pound; the second district has 54,000 tons of reserves and 141,000 tons of probable potential resources producible at less than $15 per pound. Rare earths are a common byproduct, and in many veins they are from one-half to several times as abundant as thorium. \r\n\r\nMassive carbonatite bodies are large-tonnage low-grade deposits. Thorium in these deposits would be a byproduct either of rare earth or of niobium mining. The Iron Hill carbonatite body in the Powderhorn district, Colorado, and the Sulfide Queen carbonatite body in the Mountain Pass district, California, were evaluated. These two deposits contain 40,800 tons of ThO2 in reserves and 125,000 tons of ThO2 \r\nin probable potential resources. More than 80 percent of this total is in the Iron Hill carbonatite. This thorium is entirely a byproduct and is producible at less than $15 per pound of ThO2. The Sulphide Queen massive carbonatite deposit was being mined in 1977 for rare earths, and thorium could be recovered by adding an extra circuit to the existing mill. \r\n\r\nStream placers in North and South Carolina occur both in the Piedmont and just east of the Fall Line. The reserves of these deposits total 5,270 tons of ThO2, and the probable potential resources are 36,800 tons of ThO2. The Piedmont placers are all too small to produce ThO2 at a cost of less than $50 per pound. One placer on Hollow Creek, S.C., just east of the Fall Line had reserves of 2,040 tons of ThO2 that is producible at between $15 and $30 per pound. Thorium occurs in monazite in these placers. Other heavy minerals that would be recovered with the monazite include rutile, zircon, and ilmenite. In addition to thorium, monazite contains large amounts of rare earths and small amounts of uranium; both can be recovered during the process that separates thorium \r\nfr","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir805","collaboration":"Prepared on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Staatz, M.H., Armbrustmacher, T., Olson, J.C., Brownfield, I.K., Brock, M.R., Lemons, J., Coppa, L., and Clingan, B., 1979, Principal thorium resources in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 805, 42 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir805.","productDescription":"42 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138776,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":14342,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/0805/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e487fe4b07f02db515702","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staatz, Mortimer Hay","contributorId":39754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staatz","given":"Mortimer","email":"","middleInitial":"Hay","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Armbrustmacher, T.J.","contributorId":92642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbrustmacher","given":"T.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olson, J. C.","contributorId":55403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"J.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brownfield, I. K.","contributorId":77915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"I.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brock, M. R.","contributorId":96230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lemons, J.F.","contributorId":104881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lemons","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Coppa, L.V.","contributorId":103662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coppa","given":"L.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Clingan, B.V.","contributorId":32143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clingan","given":"B.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":56280,"text":"wdrWA782 - 1979 - Water resources data for Washington, water year 1978, Vol. 2 - Eastern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-23T19:27:54.654431","indexId":"wdrWA782","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"WA-78-2","title":"Water resources data for Washington, water year 1978, Vol. 2 - Eastern Washington","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1978 water year for Washington consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground-water wells. This volume contains records for water discharge at 248 gaging stations; stage only at 4 gaging stations; stage and contents at 44 lakes and reservoirs; water quality at 117 gaging stations (including 6 lakes and reservoirs) and 215 wells; and water levels at 166 observation wells. Also included are data for 96 crest-stage and 89 water-quality partial-record stations. Locations of these sites are shown on figures 4, 5, and 19. Addition-al water data were collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program and are published as miscellaneous measurements and and analyses. These data together with the data in Volume 1 represent that part of the national Water Data system operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State, local, and Federal agencies in Washington.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrWA782","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation and with the State of Washington and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1979, Water resources data for Washington, water year 1978, Vol. 2 - Eastern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report WA-78-2, x, 360 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrWA782.","productDescription":"x, 360 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174733,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1978/wa-78-2/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":410965,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1978/wa-78-2/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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