{"pageNumber":"3711","pageRowStart":"92750","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185258,"records":[{"id":32070,"text":"ofr96253 - 1996 - Preliminary geologic map of the Burbank 7.5' quadrangle, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-04T20:02:51.75545","indexId":"ofr96253","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-253","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Burbank 7.5' quadrangle, southern California","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96253","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R., 1996, Preliminary geologic map of the Burbank 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-253, Report: 7 p.; 1 Plate: 22.00 × 28.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96253.","productDescription":"Report: 7 p.; 1 Plate: 22.00 × 28.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108972,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18596.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"18596"},{"id":19605,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0253/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247344,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0253/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0253/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Burbank 7.5' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.375,\n              34.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.25,\n              34.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.25,\n              34.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.375,\n              34.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.375,\n              34.125\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bc85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R.F.","contributorId":105752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":32067,"text":"ofr9688 - 1996 - Preliminary geologic map of the San Fernando 7.5' quadrangle, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-04T20:26:13.10778","indexId":"ofr9688","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-88","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the San Fernando 7.5' quadrangle, southern California","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9688","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R., 1996, Preliminary geologic map of the San Fernando 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-88, Report: 11 p.; 1 Plate: 22.00 × 30.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9688.","productDescription":"Report: 11 p.; 1 Plate: 22.00 × 30.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":19601,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0088/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":108969,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18580.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"18580"},{"id":164223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0088/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":19602,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0088/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Fernando 7.5' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.5,\n              34.375\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.375,\n              34.375\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.375,\n              34.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.5,\n              34.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.5,\n              34.375\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698239","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R.F.","contributorId":105752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":32064,"text":"ofr9638 - 1996 - Evaluation of shorelines along Lake Mead, Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Nevada and Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:22","indexId":"ofr9638","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-38","title":"Evaluation of shorelines along Lake Mead, Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Nevada and Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr9638","usgsCitation":"Workman, J., 1996, Evaluation of shorelines along Lake Mead, Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Nevada and Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-38, 4 p., 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:100,000 (1 inch = about 1.6 miles). , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9638.","productDescription":"4 p., 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:100,000 (1 inch = about 1.6 miles). ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163022,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0038/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60213,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0038/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fab8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Workman, J.B.","contributorId":15254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Workman","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":32063,"text":"ofr95705 - 1996 - Trends in water-table altitude (1984-93) and saltwater intrusion (1974-93) in the Biscayne Aquifer, Dade County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:22","indexId":"ofr95705","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-705","title":"Trends in water-table altitude (1984-93) and saltwater intrusion (1974-93) in the Biscayne Aquifer, Dade County, Florida","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr95705","usgsCitation":"Sonenshein, R., and Koszalka, E., 1996, Trends in water-table altitude (1984-93) and saltwater intrusion (1974-93) in the Biscayne Aquifer, Dade County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-705, 2 over-size sheets. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95705.","productDescription":"2 over-size sheets. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":164422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":19597,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0705/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19598,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0705/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db624f7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sonenshein, R.S.","contributorId":10415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonenshein","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koszalka, E. J.","contributorId":28949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koszalka","given":"E. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":32071,"text":"ofr96258 - 1996 - Slope map and locations of irrigation-induced landslides and seepage areas, Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:22","indexId":"ofr96258","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-258","title":"Slope map and locations of irrigation-induced landslides and seepage areas, Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument, Idaho","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr96258","usgsCitation":"Chleborad, A.F., and Powers, P.S., 1996, Slope map and locations of irrigation-induced landslides and seepage areas, Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-258, 1 map :col. ;46 x 35 cm., on sheet 78 x 82 cm., folded to 28 x 23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96258.","productDescription":"1 map :col. ;46 x 35 cm., on sheet 78 x 82 cm., folded to 28 x 23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":19606,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0258/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee2fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chleborad, Alan F.","contributorId":87578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chleborad","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powers, Philip S.","contributorId":102078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":32072,"text":"ofr96273 - 1996 - Maps showing topography, backscatter, and interpretation of seafloor features in the Massachusetts Bay disposal site region off Boston, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:22","indexId":"ofr96273","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-273","title":"Maps showing topography, backscatter, and interpretation of seafloor features in the Massachusetts Bay disposal site region off Boston, Massachusetts","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr96273","usgsCitation":"Valentine, P.C., Danforth, W.W., Roworth, E.T., and Stillman, S.T., 1996, Maps showing topography, backscatter, and interpretation of seafloor features in the Massachusetts Bay disposal site region off Boston, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-273, 4 maps on 2 sheets ;69 x 77 cm., and 55 x 61 cm., sheets 104 x 148 cm. and 138 x 70 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96273.","productDescription":"4 maps on 2 sheets ;69 x 77 cm., and 55 x 61 cm., sheets 104 x 148 cm. and 138 x 70 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":258666,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0273/plate-1.pdf","size":"20699","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258667,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0273/plate-2.pdf","size":"21063","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258668,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0273/report.pdf","size":"356","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0273/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"12500","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606389","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":207564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Danforth, William W. 0000-0002-6382-9487 bdanforth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6382-9487","contributorId":3292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danforth","given":"William","email":"bdanforth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":207565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roworth, Edwin T.","contributorId":80727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roworth","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stillman, Sara T.","contributorId":82373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stillman","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":24528,"text":"ofr9615 - 1996 - Circulation and effluent dilution modeling in Massachusetts Bay : model implementation, verification and results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:09","indexId":"ofr9615","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-15","title":"Circulation and effluent dilution modeling in Massachusetts Bay : model implementation, verification and results","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model was developed as part of a cooperative U.S. Geological Survey/Massachusetts Water Resources Authority program to study contaminated sediment accumulation and transport in Massachusetts Bay. This report details the development of the model and assesses how well the model represents observed currents and water properties in the bay. It also summarizes circulation and comparative effluent dilution simulations from existing and future Boston sewage outfalls over a three-year period from October 1, 1989 to December 31, 1992. \r\n\r\nThe ECOM-si model, a semi-implicit version of the Blumberg and Mellor (1987) Estuarine, Coastal and Ocean Model, is shown to reproduce many of the important hydrodynamical features of Massachusetts Bay: the seasonal evolution of the pycnocline, the mean flow pattern, and the strength of sub-tidal current fluctuations. Throughout the simulation period, during both vertically well-mixed and stratified conditions, the seasonal statistics of observed currents are well-represented by the model. The model is therefore appropriate for studying the average dilution of sewage effluent and other continuously discharged substances over seasonal time scales. \r\n\r\nThe ability of the model to reproduce individual flow events varies with season and location within the bay. Flow events during unstratified conditions in western Massachusetts Bay are particularly well-represented, indicating that the model is appropriate for studying processes such as the transport of suspended material from the future outfall site due to winter storms. Individual flow events during stratified conditions and in the offshore Stellwagen Bank region, however, are less well-represented due to small length scales (caused by upwelling and river discharge events) coupled with insufficient data to specify open boundary forcing from the Gulf of Maine. Thus while the model might be used to answer issues such as the frequency with which Gulf of Maine river plumes visit the new outfall site, attempting to predict whether a particular plume would visit the outfall site could be problematic. \r\n\r\nComparative simulations of effluent discharged from the existing and future Boston outfalls show that the region of relatively high effluent concentrations (1 part effluent to 200 parts sea water) is significantly smaller with the future outfall and is limited to Western Massachusetts Bay during both unstratified and stratified seasons. The region of even higher concentration (1 part effluent to 50 parts sea water) that covers much of Boston Harbor with the existing outfall is non-existent in the future outfall simulation. Additional simulations of chlorination plant failure predict that the offshore location of the future outfall will lead to dramatically lower levels of pathogens at area beaches.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, Woods Hole Field Center,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9615","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Signell, R.P., Jenter, H.L., and Blumberg, A.F., 1996, Circulation and effluent dilution modeling in Massachusetts Bay : model implementation, verification and results: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-15, 121 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9615.","productDescription":"121 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1622,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://crusty.er.usgs.gov/mbayopen/mbayopen.html ","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0015/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53581,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0015/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672cc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Signell, Richard P. rsignell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"Richard","email":"rsignell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":192087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenter, Harry L. 0000-0002-1307-8785 hjenter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1307-8785","contributorId":228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenter","given":"Harry","email":"hjenter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blumberg, Alan F.","contributorId":66299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blumberg","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70204059,"text":"70204059 - 1996 - A 7 year record of above-ground net primary production in a southeastern Mexican mangrove forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-01T13:54:44","indexId":"70204059","displayToPublicDate":"1999-03-19T13:38:29","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 7 year record of above-ground net primary production in a southeastern Mexican mangrove forest","docAbstract":"<p><span>Spatial and temporal variations in net above-ground primary production (NPP) and litter turnover rate were studied, from 1987 to 1993, in a mangrove forest bordering Laguna de Terminos, Mexico. NPP, the sum of total litter fall and wood production, was measured over the entire study period in three zones in a basin forest: zone I, where&nbsp;</span><i>Rhizophora mangle</i><span>&nbsp;(red mangrove) occurs but&nbsp;</span><i>Avicennia germinans</i><span>&nbsp;(black mangrove) is the dominant species; zone II, a scrub forest of&nbsp;</span><i>A. germinans</i><span>; zone III, where larger&nbsp;</span><i>A. germinans</i><span>&nbsp;trees occur. In 1991, a fringe zone dominated by&nbsp;</span><i>A. germinans</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>R. mangle</i><span>&nbsp;was added to the study. Three distinctive climatic seasons occur in the region: rainy, dry, and cold front (locally named ‘nortes’). Average total litter fall in the fringe zone (793 g m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>year</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) was significantly higher than in the basin forest (496, 307, and 410 g m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;year</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;for basin zones I, II, and III, respectively). All zones showed significant differences among seasons with the norte season having significantly lower litter fall. Litter turnover rates were about 7 months in zones I and II and 10 months in zone III, reflecting the low tidal range that occurs in the basin forest. Low litter turnover rates in the basin forest were reflected in a high organic matter standing crop. Annual average stem growth was significantly higher in zones I and III (1.27 and 1.36 kg per tree year</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, respectively) than in zone II (0.62 kg per tree year</span><sup>−1</sup><span>). Above-ground NPP rates in the basin forest (399–695 g m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;year</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) were lower than in fringe and riverine forests, reflecting patterns of litter fall and wood production. There was no seasonal variation in soil salinity but the basin forest had significantly higher soil salinity than the fringe forest. Spatially, mean soil salinity was inversely related to litter fall. Long-term patterns in soil salinity, precipitation and air temperature explained 74% of the inter-annual litter fall variability. Over the 7 year study, productivity in zone II was more variable than in zones I and III, and productivity (litter fall and wood growth) were less variable than litter standing crop and turnover.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0304-3770(96)01063-7","usgsCitation":"Day, J., Coronado-Molina, C., Vera-Herrera, F.R., Twilley, R., Rivera-Monroy, V., Alvarez-Guillen, V.H., Day, R.H., and Conner, W., 1996, A 7 year record of above-ground net primary production in a southeastern Mexican mangrove forest: Aquatic Botany, v. 55, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(96)01063-7.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"60","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365254,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Campeche","otherGeospatial":"Laguna de Terminos","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.86767578124999,\n              18.605902910139633\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.01461791992188,\n              18.605902910139633\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.02285766601562,\n              18.47179400162541\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.81549072265625,\n              18.265869811558165\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.45156860351562,\n              18.302380604025146\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.23733520507812,\n              18.553834285704962\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.15768432617188,\n              18.595490458028085\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.19338989257812,\n              18.651449894396634\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.14257812499999,\n              18.772415305194613\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.21124267578125,\n              18.85041150208793\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.08078002929686,\n              18.984220415249744\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.109619140625,\n              19.034857923875926\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.3787841796875,\n              18.90888487914695\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.47766113281249,\n              18.804918115636173\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.53671264648438,\n              18.778916369034192\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.636962890625,\n              18.734704192913256\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.669921875,\n              18.711293059674578\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.70013427734375,\n              18.69958627768826\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.79763793945311,\n              18.6670631919266\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.8402099609375,\n              18.663160002248155\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.83334350585938,\n              18.630629930377246\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.86767578124999,\n              18.605902910139633\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"55","edition":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Day, J.W. Jr.","contributorId":41792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"J.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coronado-Molina, Carlos","contributorId":46833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coronado-Molina","given":"Carlos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vera-Herrera, F. R.","contributorId":216694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vera-Herrera","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Twilley, R.","contributorId":147322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Twilley","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rivera-Monroy, V. H.","contributorId":83243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivera-Monroy","given":"V. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alvarez-Guillen, V. H.","contributorId":216696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alvarez-Guillen","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Day, Richard H. 0000-0002-5959-7054 dayr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-7054","contributorId":2427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Richard","email":"dayr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Conner, William","contributorId":68624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conner","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70018553,"text":"70018553 - 1996 - Carbonate deposition, Pyramid Lake subbasin, Nevada: 3. The use of 87Sr values in carbonate deposits (tufas) to determine the hydrologic state of paleolake systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-04T15:46:44.572951","indexId":"70018553","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbonate deposition, Pyramid Lake subbasin, Nevada: 3. The use of 87Sr values in carbonate deposits (tufas) to determine the hydrologic state of paleolake systems","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sierran rivers that discharge to the Lahontan basin have much lower (∼4.5‰)&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>87</sup><span>Sr values than the Humboldt River which drains northeastern Nevada. The&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>87</sup><span>Sr values of tufas deposited during the last lake cycle were used to determine when Humboldt derived Sr entered the Pyramid Lake subbasin. Prior to ∼15,000 yr B.P., the Humboldt River flowed to the Smoke Creek-Black Rock Desert subbasin. During the recession of Lake Lahontan, the Humboldt River diverted to the Carson Desert subbasin. This study has demonstrated that&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr can be used to determine drainage histories of multi-basin lake systems if the&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>87</sup><span>Sr values of rivers that discharge to the basins are sufficiently different.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(95)00010-0","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Benson, L., and Peterman, Z., 1996, Carbonate deposition, Pyramid Lake subbasin, Nevada: 3. The use of 87Sr values in carbonate deposits (tufas) to determine the hydrologic state of paleolake systems: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 119, no. 3-4, p. 201-213, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(95)00010-0.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"213","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227346,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Pyramid Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.89629303993713,\n              40.25977644870221\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.89629303993713,\n              39.64008749519962\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.20069355770855,\n              39.64008749519962\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.20069355770855,\n              40.25977644870221\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.89629303993713,\n              40.25977644870221\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f36ee4b0c8380cd4b7eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, L.","contributorId":56793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterman, Z.","contributorId":104229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018078,"text":"70018078 - 1996 - Channels and valleys on Mars: Cold climate features formed as a result of a thickening cryosphere","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-23T17:19:16.355765","indexId":"70018078","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3083,"text":"Planetary and Space Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Channels and valleys on Mars: Cold climate features formed as a result of a thickening cryosphere","docAbstract":"<p>Large flood channels, valley networks, and a variety of features attributed to the action of ground ice indicate that Mars emerged from heavy bombardment around 3.8Gyr ago, with an inventory of water at the surface equivalent to at least a few hundred meters spread over the whole planet, as compared with 3 km for the Earth. The surface water resided primarily in a porous, kilometers thick, megaregolith created by the high impact rates. At the end of heavy bombardment a rapid decline in erosion rates by a factor of 1000 suggests a major change in the global climate. It is proposed that at this time the climate became similar to today's and that this climate has been maintained throughout the rest of Mars' history. The various drainage features represent an adjustment of the distribution of water to the surface relief inherited from the period of heavy bombardment and to a thickening of the cryosphere as the heat flow declined. The valley networks formed mostly at the end of heavy bombardment when erosion rates were high and climatic conditions permitted an active water cycle. They continued to form after heavy bombardment when the cryosphere started to form by a combination of episodic flooding and mass-wasting aided by the presence of liquid water at shallow depths. As the cryosphere thickened with declining heat flow, water could no longer easily access the surface and the rate of valley formation declined. Hydrostatic pressures built below the cryosphere. Eruptions of groundwater became more catastrophic and massive floods resulted, mainly in upper Hesperian time. Flood sources were preferentially located in low-lying, low-latitude areas where the cryosphere was thin, or near volcanoes where a thinner than typical cryosphere is also expected. Floods caused a drawdown in the global water table so that few formed in the second half of Mars' history. The floodwaters pooled in low-lying areas, mostly in the northern plains. Some of the water may still be present as thick ice deposits, some has been lost to space, particularly during periods of high obliquity.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0032-0633(96)00053-0","issn":"00320633","usgsCitation":"Carr, M.H., 1996, Channels and valleys on Mars: Cold climate features formed as a result of a thickening cryosphere: Planetary and Space Science, v. 44, no. 11, p. 1411-1423, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-0633(96)00053-0.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1411","endPage":"1423","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228600,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f460e4b0c8380cd4bccc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, M. H.","contributorId":84727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":378402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70018448,"text":"70018448 - 1996 - Imaging surface contacts: Power law contact distributions and contact stresses in quartz, calcite, glass and acrylic plastic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-15T15:13:45.350013","indexId":"70018448","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Imaging surface contacts: Power law contact distributions and contact stresses in quartz, calcite, glass and acrylic plastic","docAbstract":"<p><span>A procedure has been developed to obtain microscope images of regions of contact between roughened surfaces of transparent materials, while the surfaces are subjected to static loads or undergoing frictional slip. Static loading experiments with quartz, calcite, soda-lime glass and acrylic plastic at normal stresses to 30 MPa yield power law distributions of contact areas from the smallest contacts that can be resolved (3.5 μm</span><sup>2</sup><span>) up to a limiting size that correlates with the grain size of the abrasive grit used to roughen the surfaces. In each material, increasing normal stress results in a roughly linear increase of the real area of contact. Mechanisms of contact area increase are by growth of existing contacts, coalescence of contacts and appearance of new contacts. Mean contacts stresses are consistent with the indentation strength of each material. Contact size distributions are insensitive to normal stress indicating that the increase of contact area is approximately self-similar. The contact images and contact distributions are modeled using simulations of surfaces with random fractal topographies. The contact process for model fractal surfaces is represented by the simple expedient of removing material at regions where surface irregularities overlap. Synthetic contact images created by this approach reproduce observed characteristics of the contacts and demonstrate that the exponent in the power law distributions depends on the scaling exponent used to generate the surface topography.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(95)00165-4","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Dieterich, J.H., and Kilgore, B., 1996, Imaging surface contacts: Power law contact distributions and contact stresses in quartz, calcite, glass and acrylic plastic: Tectonophysics, v. 256, no. 1-4, p. 219-239, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(95)00165-4.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"239","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227605,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"256","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3885e4b0c8380cd615d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dieterich, James H.","contributorId":81614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieterich","given":"James","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kilgore, B.D.","contributorId":85728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilgore","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018973,"text":"70018973 - 1996 - Properties of the seismic nucleation phase","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-14T16:48:27.145012","indexId":"70018973","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Properties of the seismic nucleation phase","docAbstract":"<p><span>Near-source observations show that earthquakes begin abruptly at the P-wave arrival, but that this beginning is weak, with a low moment rate relative to the rest of the main shock. We term this initial phase of low moment rate the seismic nucleation phase. We have observed the seismic nucleation phase for a set of 48 earthquakes ranging in magnitude from 1.1–8.1 The size and duration of the seismic nucleation phase scale with the total seismic moment of the earthquake, suggesting that the process responsible for the seismic nucleation phase carries information about the eventual size of the earthquake. The seismic nucleation phase is characteristically followed by quadratic growth in the moment rate, consistent with self-similar rupture at constant stress drop. In this paper we quantify the properties of the seismic nucleation phase and offer several possible explanations for it.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(96)00067-4","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Beroza, G., and Ellsworth, W., 1996, Properties of the seismic nucleation phase: Tectonophysics, v. 261, no. 1-3, p. 209-227, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(96)00067-4.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"227","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226445,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.6168955271037,\n              34.63075088176697\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.6168955271037,\n              34.10910472975115\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.01259143800081,\n              34.10910472975115\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.01259143800081,\n              34.63075088176697\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.6168955271037,\n              34.63075088176697\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"261","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8f25e4b0c8380cd7f5d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beroza, G. C.","contributorId":95626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beroza","given":"G. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellsworth, W.L.","contributorId":48541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018972,"text":"70018972 - 1996 - Observational constraints on earthquake source scaling: Understanding the limits in resolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-14T16:54:30.189586","indexId":"70018972","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observational constraints on earthquake source scaling: Understanding the limits in resolution","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id3\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id4\"><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">I examine the resolution of the type of stress drop estimates that have been used to place observational constraints on the scaling of earthquake source processes. I first show that apparent stress and Brune stress drop are equivalent to within a constant given any source spectral decay between<span>&nbsp;</span><i>ω</i><sup>1.5</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>ω</i><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(i.e., any plausible value) and so consistent scaling is expected for the two estimates. I then discuss the resolution and scaling of Brune stress drop estimates, in the context of empirical Green's function results from recent earthquake sequences, including the 1992 Joshua Tree, California, mainshock and its aftershocks. I show that no definitive scaling of stress drop with moment is revealed over the moment range 10<sup>19</sup>–10<sup>25</sup>; within this sequence, however, there is a tendency for moderate-sized (<i>M</i><span>&nbsp;</span>4–5) events to be characterized by high stress drops. However, well-resolved results for recent<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;</span>&gt; 6 events are inconsistent with any extrapolated stress increase with moment for the aftershocks. Focusing on corner frequency estimates for smaller (<i>M</i><span>&nbsp;</span>&lt; 3.5) events, I show that resolution is extremely limited even after empirical Green's function deconvolutions. A fundamental limitation to resolution is the paucity of good signal-to-noise at frequencies above 60 Hz, a limitation that will affect nearly all surficial recordings of ground motion in California and many other regions. Thus, while the best available observational results support a constant stress drop for moderate- to large-sized events, very little robust observational evidence exists to constrain the quantities that bear most critically on our understanding of source processes: stress drop values and stress drop scaling for small events.</div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(96)00058-3","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Hough, S., 1996, Observational constraints on earthquake source scaling: Understanding the limits in resolution: Tectonophysics, v. 261, no. 1-3, p. 83-95, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(96)00058-3.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"95","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226444,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"southern California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.1258350136702,\n              34.34597573242763\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.1258350136702,\n              33.48416190054718\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.41723774488675,\n              33.48416190054718\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.41723774488675,\n              34.34597573242763\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.1258350136702,\n              34.34597573242763\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"261","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6a67e4b0c8380cd74165","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hough, S. E. 0000-0002-5980-2986","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":7316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70018471,"text":"70018471 - 1996 - Contemporary channel-levee systems in active borderland basin plains, California Continental Borderland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-22T15:50:30.017759","indexId":"70018471","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contemporary channel-levee systems in active borderland basin plains, California Continental Borderland","docAbstract":"<p><span>Long-range large-scale side-scan (GLORIA) information, other seismic reflection profiling studies, and data from cores in the California Continental Borderland, have defined active levee-channel systems extending basinward from the lower fan of Hueneme-Mugu Submarine Fan, Redondo Submarine Fan, and Santa Cruz Canyon Fan in Santa Monica, San Pedro and Santa Cruz Basins, respectively. The Holocene distributaries have been created by a series of turbidity current events. These distributaries range in length from 10–25 km, and are wide (2–5 km) and low-relief (1–10 m) in their distal parts. They are also active conduits for nepheloid flows. Distributions of sedimentological parameters typically mimic the pattern of levee-channel systems. Organic carbon and biogenic carbonate content roughly outline the systems.</span></p><p><span>Channels are incised in the upper to middle fan areas, and become constructional leveed channels in the lower fan and basin plain as the channel gradient adjusts to maintain a graded profile. Thus sediment gravity flows are generally confined to channels in the upper fan zones, but deposit both channelized and over-bank deposits on the lower fan and basin floor.</span></p><p><span>The deposits show that the canyon-fan activity has continued during a rising sea level phase. It is evident that canyon headward erosion rates have been equal to or greater than the transgression rate, and that the canyon-fan systems have remained linked with their sediment sources.</span></p><p><span>Frequency of events was probably higher, and volumes of the events were often larger, during the glacially lowered sea level episodes. However, turbidity currents of sufficient volume to reach the basin floors continue to occur at century or multi-century intervals. As one progresses headward in each system, the number of flows per length of core increases. Small flows that do not pass beyond the distributaries are much more frequent, and may be decadal in frequency, or even more frequent in the Santa Monica Basin system.</span></p><p><span>These California borderland basins are probably typical of narrow active margins where rate of lateral sea level transgression is less than or equal to the rate of canyon headward erosion. The canyons maintain connections with sediment sources during sea level rise, and the systems therefore are active during the entire sea level cycle. Thus sediment supply is not a simple function of eustacy. This contrasts with the simplified sequence model developed on passive margins where canyons turn off as sea level rises.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(95)00120-4","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Schwalbach, J., Edwards, B.D., and Gorsline, D., 1996, Contemporary channel-levee systems in active borderland basin plains, California Continental Borderland: Sedimentary Geology, v. 104, no. 1-4, p. 53-72, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(95)00120-4.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"72","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227340,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"California Continental Borderland","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.77265268199858,\n              34.62012427965382\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.85227097284806,\n              34.117432268241096\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.74905333674383,\n              32.667862992197186\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.26139719361237,\n              32.446676399045984\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.94072900639466,\n              32.72850062577873\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.61215330204129,\n              33.959668030728366\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.77265268199858,\n              34.62012427965382\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa4ce4b0c8380cd4da1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwalbach, J.R.","contributorId":38722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwalbach","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, B. D.","contributorId":27056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gorsline, D.S.","contributorId":56395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorsline","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70018997,"text":"70018997 - 1996 - Shallow marine event sedimentation in a volcanic arc-related setting: The Ordovician Suri Formation, Famatina Range, northwest Argentina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-22T15:42:16.214103","indexId":"70018997","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow marine event sedimentation in a volcanic arc-related setting: The Ordovician Suri Formation, Famatina Range, northwest Argentina","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Loma del Kilómetro Member of the Lower Ordovician Suri Formation records arc-related shelf sedimentation in the Famatina Basin of northwest Argentina. Nine facies, grouped into three facies assemblages, are recognized. Facies assemblage 1 [massive and parallel-laminated mudstones (facies A) locally punctuated by normally graded or parallel-laminated silty sandstones (facies B] records deposition from suspension fall-out and episodic storm-induced turbidity currents in an outer shelf setting. Facies assemblage 2 [massive and parallel-laminated mudstones (facies A) interbedded with rippled-top very fine-grained sandstones (facies D)] is interpreted as the product of background sedimentation alternating with distal storm events in a middle shelf environment. Facies assemblage 3 [normally graded coarse to fine-grained sandstones (facies C); parallel-laminated to low angle cross-stratified sandstones (facies E); hummocky cross-stratified sandstones and siltstones (facies F); interstratified fine-grained sandstones and mudstones (facies G); massive muddy siltstones and sandstones (facies H); tuffaceous sandstones (facies 1); and interbedded thin units of massive and parallel-laminated mudstones (facies A)] is thought to represent volcaniclastic mass flow and storm deposition coupled with subordinated suspension fall-out in an inner-shelf to lower-shoreface setting.</span></p><p><span>The Loma del Kilómetro Member records regress ive-transgressive sedimentation in a storm- and mass flow-dominated high-gradient shelf. Volcano-tectonic activity was the important control on shelf morphology, while relative sea-level change influenced sedimentation. The lower part of the succession is attributed to mud blanketing during high stand and volcanic quiescence. Progradation of the inner shelf to lower shoreface facies assemblage in the middle part represents an abrupt basinward shoreline migration. An erosive-based, non-volcaniclastic, turbidite unit at the base of this package suggests a sea level fall. Pyroclastic detritus, andesites, and a non-volcanic terrain were eroded and their detritus was transported basinward and redeposited by sediment gravity flows during the low stand. The local coexistence of juvenile pyroclastic detritus and fossils suggests reworking of rare ash-falls. The upper part of the Loma del Kilómetro Member records a transgression with no evidence of contemporaneous volcanism.</span></p><p><span>Biostratinomic, paleoecologic, and ichnologic analyses support this paleoenvironmental interpretations and provide independent evidence for the dominance of episodic sedimentation in an arc-related shallow marine setting. Fossil concentrations were mainly formed by event processes, such as storms and volcaniclastic mass flows. High depositional rates inhibited formation of sediment-starved biogenic concentrations. Collectively, trace fossils belong to the&nbsp;<i>Cruziana</i>&nbsp;ichnofacies. Low diversity, scarcity, and presence of relatively simple forms indicate benthic activity under stressful conditions, most probably linked to high sedimentation rates.</span></p><p><span>Contrasting sedimentary dynamics between ‘normal shelves’ and their volcaniclastic counterparts produce distinct and particular signatures in the stratigraphic record. Arc-related shelves are typified by event deposition with significant participation of sediment gravity flows, relatively high sedimentation rates, textural and mineralogical immaturity of sediments, scarcity and low diversity of trace fossils, and dominance of transported and reworked faunal assemblages genetically related to episodic processes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(95)00134-4","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Mangano, M., and Buatois, L., 1996, Shallow marine event sedimentation in a volcanic arc-related setting: The Ordovician Suri Formation, Famatina Range, northwest Argentina: Sedimentary Geology, v. 105, no. 1-2, p. 63-90, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(95)00134-4.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"90","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226898,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Argentina","otherGeospatial":"Famatina Range, northwest Argentina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.41146814373762,\n              -23.70493461520492\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.55947288371671,\n              -24.835754544770843\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.51362309842287,\n              -26.37951050896778\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.04472324836962,\n              -27.325237823354904\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.37380090194576,\n              -27.045748715453783\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.15799950100076,\n              -24.02204979099008\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.41146814373762,\n              -23.70493461520492\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"105","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e33e4b08c986b3187b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mangano, M.G.","contributorId":7432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangano","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buatois, L.A.","contributorId":40740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buatois","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24124,"text":"ofr98372 - 1996 - National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program status, progress, implementation and recommendations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:17","indexId":"ofr98372","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-372","title":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program status, progress, implementation and recommendations","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services, distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98372","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Pallister, J., 1996, National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program status, progress, implementation and recommendations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-372, 1 v. 110 leaves :col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98372.","productDescription":"1 v. 110 leaves :col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0372/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53279,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0372/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db69894a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pallister, J.S.","contributorId":46534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pallister","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":4875,"text":"ds20 - 1996 - Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:06","indexId":"ds20","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"20","title":"Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS)","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) operates the Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS), a digital system that contained 111,955 records on Sept. 1, 1995. Records describe metallic and industrial commodity deposits, mines, prospects, and occurrences in the United States and selected other countries. These records have been created over the years by USGS commodity specialists and through cooperative agreements with geological surveys of U.S. States and other countries. This CD-ROM contains the complete MRDS data base, several subsets of it, and software to allow data retrieval and display. Data retrievals are made by using GSSEARCH, a program that is included on this CD-ROM. Retrievals are made by specifying fields or any combination of the fields that provide information on deposit name, location, commodity, deposit model type, geology, mineral production, reserves, and references. A tutorial is included. Retrieved records may be printed or written to a hard disk file in four different formats: ascii, fixed, comma delimited, and DBASE compatible.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ds20","issn":"1088-1018","isbn":"0607855088","usgsCitation":"Mason, G., and Arndt, R., 1996, Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 20, 1 computer laser optical disc ;4 3/4 in.  Metadata available at: http://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/metadata/digital-data/20/metadata.faq.html, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds20.","productDescription":"1 computer laser optical disc ;4 3/4 in.  Metadata available at: http://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/metadata/digital-data/20/metadata.faq.html","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139706,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -160.5,18.9 ], [ -160.5,71.5 ], [ -67,71.5 ], [ -67,18.9 ], [ -160.5,18.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc194","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mason, G.T.","contributorId":9232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arndt, R.E.","contributorId":67874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arndt","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31659,"text":"ofr9652A - 1996 - Digital bedrock geologic map of the Saxtons River 7.5 x 15 minute quadrangle, Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-28T20:40:16.297605","indexId":"ofr9652A","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-52","chapter":"A","title":"Digital bedrock geologic map of the Saxtons River 7.5 x 15 minute quadrangle, Vermont","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/ofr9652A","usgsCitation":"Ratcliffe, N.M., and Armstrong, T.R., 1996, Digital bedrock geologic map of the Saxtons River 7.5 x 15 minute quadrangle, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-52, 2 Plates: 53.44 × 32.00 inches and 46.51 × 32.07 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9652A.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 53.44 × 32.00 inches and 46.51 × 32.07 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":59883,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0052a/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59882,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0052a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":397749,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51440.htm"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Saxtons River 7.5 x 15 minute quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.5,\n              43.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.75,\n              43.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.75,\n              43.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.5,\n              43.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.5,\n              43.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d595","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratcliffe, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-7922-5784 nratclif@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7922-5784","contributorId":4167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"Nicholas","email":"nratclif@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":206656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Armstrong, Thomas R.","contributorId":40637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24824,"text":"ofr96205 - 1996 - Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, through December 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:14","indexId":"ofr96205","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-205","title":"Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, through December 1994","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in support of the U.S. Department of Energy, Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project, collects, compiles, and summarizes hydrologic data in the Yucca Mountain region. The data are collected to allow assessments of ground-water resources during studies to determine the potential suitability of Yucca Mountain for storing high-level nuclear waste. Data on ground-water levels at 36 sites, ground-water discharge at 6 sites, and ground-water withdrawals within Crater Flat, Jackass Flats, Mercury Valley, and the Amargosa Desert are presented for calendar year 1994. Data collected prior to 1994 are graphically presented and data collected by other agencies (or as part of other programs) are included to further indicate variations of ground-water levels, discharges, and withdrawals through time. A statistical summary of ground-water levels at seven wells in Jackass Flats is presented. The statistical summary includes the number of measurements, the maximum, minimum, and median water-level altitudes, and the average deviation of measured water-level altitudes for selected baseline periods and for calendar years 1992-94.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96205","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Westenburg, C., and La Camera, R., 1996, Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, through December 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-205, iv, 73 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96205.","productDescription":"iv, 73 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0205/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":19514,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0205/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53831,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0205/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e3ea5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Westenburg, C.L.","contributorId":102511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westenburg","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"La Camera, R.J.","contributorId":83932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Camera","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":21743,"text":"ofr95683 - 1996 - Digital map of possible bat habitats for the Pacific Northwest, a contribution to the Interior Columbia River Basin Ecosystem Management Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:49","indexId":"ofr95683","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-683","title":"Digital map of possible bat habitats for the Pacific Northwest, a contribution to the Interior Columbia River Basin Ecosystem Management Project","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95683","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Frost, T.P., Raines, G.L., Almquist, C.L., and Johnson, B.R., 1996, Digital map of possible bat habitats for the Pacific Northwest, a contribution to the Interior Columbia River Basin Ecosystem Management Project: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-683, 24 p.; digital data set (approximately 14 MB); maps, 27 by 38 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95683.","productDescription":"24 p.; digital data set (approximately 14 MB); maps, 27 by 38 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1185,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-683/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2000000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65ac6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frost, Thomas P. 0000-0001-8348-8432 tfrost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8348-8432","contributorId":203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frost","given":"Thomas","email":"tfrost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raines, Gary L.","contributorId":48162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Almquist, Carl L.","contributorId":49420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Almquist","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Bruce R.","contributorId":100009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":31662,"text":"ofr96600D - 1996 - Preliminary determination of epicenters. Monthly listing for October-December 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:00","indexId":"ofr96600D","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-600","chapter":"D","title":"Preliminary determination of epicenters. Monthly listing for October-December 1996","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr96600D","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996, Preliminary determination of epicenters. Monthly listing for October-December 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-600, 94 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96600D.","productDescription":"94 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159891,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0600d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59886,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0600d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c598","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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