{"pageNumber":"3715","pageRowStart":"92850","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185258,"records":[{"id":27202,"text":"wri964115 - 1996 - Geohydrology of stratified drift and streamflow in the Deerfield River basin, northwestern Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:37","indexId":"wri964115","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4115","title":"Geohydrology of stratified drift and streamflow in the Deerfield River basin, northwestern Massachusetts","docAbstract":"This report presents the results of a study of the geohydrology of stratified drift and streamflow in the Deerfield River Basin, northwestern Massachusetts. Detailed hydrologic information is needed to plan for the optimal use of ground-water and surface-water resources and for development of new drinking-water supplies in the basin. Sources and percentage of water available for recharge on an annual basis from October 1993 to September 1994, to the fine-grained stratified-drift in a narrow valley bordered by upland till and bedrock were: (1) direct infiltration of precipitation on the valley (30 percent); (2) tributary loss from an upland brook as it crosses the valley (7 percent); and (3) ground- and surface-water runoff from the uplands (63 percent). Seventy percent of recharge was available from upland sources. Seasonal variation in recharge caused changes in ground-water levels and flow directions. In early spring, the direction of flow is toward the valley axis, but in late summer, the direction of flow is nearly parallel to the valley axis. Field observations and results of a ground-water flow simulation indicated that water available for recharge was greater than actual recharge during the spring snowmelt and during intense precipitation events. In 1994, estimates of water available for recharge were greater than actual recharge by 10 percent in March and by 60 percent in April; actual recharge to the valley on an annual basis from October 1993 to September 1994 was 20 percent less than original estimates. A map showing thickness of stratified drift in the Connecticut Valley Lowlands indicates a deep north-south trending buried valley. Maximum thickness of the stratified drift is 385 feet. Interpretation of a seismic-reflection survey indicates fine-grained stratified drift may be underlain by coarse-grained deposits ranging in thickness from 0 to 150 feet. Hydraulic properties of the stratified drift were calculated from ground-water-level fluctuations induced by river stage changes using a ground-water-flow model for a site adjacent to the Deerfield River. A comparison of measured and simulated heads resulted in a vertical riverbed hydraulic conductivity of 3 feet per day, anisotropic ratio of horizontal to vertical hydraulic conductivity of 40:1, and storage of 0.040 and 0.0002 for the unconfined and confined layers of the stratified drift. Hydraulic diffusivity (transmissivity divided by the unconfined storage) at the site is about 168,000 feet squared per day. Streamflows at times of low flow were determined for 27 sites that drain areas ranging from 0.57 to 15.8 percent stratified drift. Streamflows exceeded between 80 and 99 percent of the time were determined for sites on the unregulated tributaries to the Deerfield River. Streamflows per square mile of drainage area were greatest from sites at the downstream ends of the North River-Colrain and the Deerfield River-Charlemont stratified-drift valleys. Flow-duration curves for three continuous streamflow-gaging stations on the regulated Deerfield River were compared to flow-duration curves for three continuous streamflow-gaging stations on unregulated tributaries to show the effects of dam regulation on streamflow. Flow- duration curves constructed using instantaneous discharges for the three regulated gaging stations have flat sections that correspond to the predominant streamflows when water is being released from storage from the dams.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964115","usgsCitation":"Friesz, P., 1996, Geohydrology of stratified drift and streamflow in the Deerfield River basin, northwestern Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4115, v, 49 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964115.","productDescription":"v, 49 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4115/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56074,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4115/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56075,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4115/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8a24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friesz, P.J.","contributorId":41041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friesz","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29401,"text":"wri964119 - 1996 - Associations between water-quality trends in New Jersey streams and drainage-basin characteristics, 1975-86","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:02","indexId":"wri964119","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4119","title":"Associations between water-quality trends in New Jersey streams and drainage-basin characteristics, 1975-86","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964119","usgsCitation":"Robinson, K.W., Lazaro, T., and Pak, C., 1996, Associations between water-quality trends in New Jersey streams and drainage-basin characteristics, 1975-86: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4119, vii, 144 p. :maps ;28 cm. [PGS - 148 p.], https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964119.","productDescription":"vii, 144 p. :maps ;28 cm. [PGS - 148 p.]","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4119/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58253,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4119/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66ca7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, K. W.","contributorId":27488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lazaro, T.R.","contributorId":70810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lazaro","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pak, Connie","contributorId":47834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pak","given":"Connie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":22638,"text":"ofr96737 - 1996 - Digital mining claim density map for Federal lands in the Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:57","indexId":"ofr96737","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-737","title":"Digital mining claim density map for Federal lands in the Pacific Northwest","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96737","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Campbell, H.W., and Hyndman, P.C., 1996, Digital mining claim density map for Federal lands in the Pacific Northwest: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-737, 12 p.; dataset; map, 26 by 30 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96737.","productDescription":"12 p.; dataset; map, 26 by 30 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155363,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1406,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/of96-737/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2000000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65ab71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Harry W.","contributorId":67509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hyndman, Paul C.","contributorId":88391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyndman","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":22639,"text":"ofr96736 - 1996 - Procedure for making a mining claim density map from BML claim recordation digital data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:57","indexId":"ofr96736","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-736","title":"Procedure for making a mining claim density map from BML claim recordation digital data","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96736","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Campbell, H.W., 1996, Procedure for making a mining claim density map from BML claim recordation digital data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-736, 13 p.; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96736.","productDescription":"13 p.; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1407,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/of96-736/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db6609e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Harry W.","contributorId":67509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2242,"text":"wsp2470A - 1996 - Description of the ground-water flow system in the Portland Basin, Oregon and Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T13:49:58","indexId":"wsp2470A","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2470","chapter":"A","title":"Description of the ground-water flow system in the Portland Basin, Oregon and Washington","docAbstract":"An increasing dependence on ground-water resources in the Portland Basin has made it necessary for State and local governments to evaluate the capability of the ground-water system to meet present and future demands for water. This report describes the regional ground-water system and provides a conceptualization of the aquifer system. Aquifer geometry, recharge, ground-water flow directions, ground-water/surface water relations, water use, and water-level changes with time are presented.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;Branch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wsp2470A","collaboration":"DJVU Description:\r\nFirst DjVu file contains document with 7 plates (Large Download File)\r\nSecond DjVu document contains only the 7 plates (Large Download File)\r\nThe Third DjVu file contains a smaller download version of the text and plates (Small Download File)","usgsCitation":"McFarland, W.D., and Morgan, D.S., 1996, Description of the ground-water flow system in the Portland Basin, Oregon and Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2470, v, 58 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.; 7 plates in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2470A.","productDescription":"v, 58 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.; 7 plates in pocket","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":137802,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2470a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28005,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2470a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28006,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2470a/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28007,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2470a/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28008,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2470a/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28009,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2470a/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28010,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2470a/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28011,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2470a/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28012,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2470a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aabe4b07f02db669b90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McFarland, William D.","contributorId":18738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFarland","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, David S.","contributorId":73181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":6834,"text":"fs12896 - 1996 - Water-table altitude near the Brookhaven National Laboratory, Suffolk County, New York, in March 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:53","indexId":"fs12896","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"128-96","title":"Water-table altitude near the Brookhaven National Laboratory, Suffolk County, New York, in March 1995","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs12896","usgsCitation":"Scorca, M.P., Dorsch, W.R., and Paquette, D.E., 1996, Water-table altitude near the Brookhaven National Laboratory, Suffolk County, New York, in March 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 128-96, 1 folded sheet ([4] p.) : ill., maps ; 28 cm. ill., maps ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs12896.","productDescription":"1 folded sheet ([4] p.) : ill., maps ; 28 cm. ill., maps ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0128/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34166,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0128/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scorca, Michael P.","contributorId":38545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scorca","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorsch, William R.","contributorId":45703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorsch","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paquette, Douglas E.","contributorId":107274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paquette","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27991,"text":"wri964264 - 1996 - Design of a monitoring well network for the City of Independence, Missouri, well field using simulated ground-water flow paths and travel times","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:40","indexId":"wri964264","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4264","title":"Design of a monitoring well network for the City of Independence, Missouri, well field using simulated ground-water flow paths and travel times","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964264","usgsCitation":"Kelly, B.P., 1996, Design of a monitoring well network for the City of Independence, Missouri, well field using simulated ground-water flow paths and travel times: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4264, iii, 27 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964264.","productDescription":"iii, 27 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4264/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56812,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4264/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667e02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelly, B. P.","contributorId":30653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":4969,"text":"fs20896 - 1996 - Sources and transport of phosphorus in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:34:01","indexId":"fs20896","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"208-96","title":"Sources and transport of phosphorus in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages","docAbstract":"<p>In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began full implementation of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. The goals of the NAWQA program are to (1) provide a nationally consistent descrip- tion of water-quality conditions for a large part of the Nation's water resources, (2) define long-term trends (or lack of trends) in water quality, and (3) identify, describe, and explain, as possible, the major factors that affect the observed water-quality conditions and trends (Hirsch and others, 1988). To fulfill the goals of the NAWQA program, the USGS plans to examine 60 areas (study units) across the United States on a rotational cycle. The first 20 of these study units began intensive investigations in 1991. One of these study units is the Western Lake Michigan Drainages (WMIC) (fig. 1).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20896","usgsCitation":"Robertson, D.M., 1996, Sources and transport of phosphorus in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 208-96, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20896.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121644,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0208/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31817,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0208/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wi.water.usgs.gov/pubs/FS-208-96/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Escanaba River, Ford River, Fox River, Manitowoc River, Menominee River, Milwaukee River, Popple River, White Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.2861328125,\n              46.649436163350245\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.6376953125,\n              46.37725420510028\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.3408203125,\n              45.75219336063106\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.5166015625,\n              44.08758502824518\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.5166015625,\n              43.723474896114816\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.2529296875,\n              43.16512263158296\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.35205078124999,\n              42.90816007196054\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.00048828124999,\n              42.779275360241904\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.78076171875,\n              42.68243539838623\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.47314453125,\n              44.166444664458595\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.36328125,\n              44.59046718130883\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.099609375,\n              45.01141864227728\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.748046875,\n              45.29034662473615\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.572265625,\n              45.79816953017265\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.19873046875,\n              46.01222384063238\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.0888671875,\n              46.27103747280261\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.33056640625,\n              46.392411189814645\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.2861328125,\n              46.649436163350245\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7686","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":6792,"text":"fs23596 - 1996 - Simulation of wastewater effects on dissolved oxygen during low streamflow in the Red River of the North at Fargo, North Dakota, and Moorhead, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-14T16:50:04","indexId":"fs23596","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"235-96","title":"Simulation of wastewater effects on dissolved oxygen during low streamflow in the Red River of the North at Fargo, North Dakota, and Moorhead, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Pursuant to Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act, both North Dakota and Minnesota identified part of the Red River of the North (Red River) as water-quality limited. The states are required to determine the total maximum daily load (TMDL) that can be discharged to a water-quality limited reach from various pollution sources without contravening water-quality standards (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1991). A work group consisting of local, State, and Federal agency representatives that was organized in June 1994 decided that a TMDL should be developed in phases for a subreach of the Red River at Fargo, N. Dak., and Moorhead, Minn. (fig. 1). In the first phase, which is the basis for this report, the focus is on attainment of the instream dissolved-oxygen (DO) standard during low streamflows, and only Fargo and Moorhead wastewater-treatment-plant discharges and Sheyenne River inflow are considered. </p><p>The study reach begins about 0.1 mile (mi) downstream (north) of the 12th Avenue North bridge in Fargo and extends 30.8 mi downstream to a site 0.8 mi upstream of the confluence of the Buffalo and Red Rivers (fig. 1). Nitrification of total ammonia (ammonia) from Fargo and Moorhead wastewater consumes most of the DO in the study reach (Wesolowski, 1994). Because the new (1995) Fargo plant already is nitrifying its wastewater, the work group needed to determine the maximum ammonia concentration for wastewater from the nonnitrifying Moorhead plant. To accomplish this task, the Red River at Fargo Water-Quality (RRatFGO QW) model (Wesolowski, 1994, 1996b) was used to simulate the effects of various wastewater-management alternatives during low streamflow. This report presents the results of those simulations to determine the usefulness of the model for management decisions. The simulations and report were completed in cooperation with the North Dakota Department of Health. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs23596","usgsCitation":"Wesolowski, E.A., 1996, Simulation of wastewater effects on dissolved oxygen during low streamflow in the Red River of the North at Fargo, North Dakota, and Moorhead, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 235-96, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs23596.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126498,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0235/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":807,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nd.water.usgs.gov/pubs/fs/fs23596/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":34144,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0235/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Fargo, Moorhead","otherGeospatial":"Red River of the North","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.84997558593749,\n              46.77749276376827\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.84997558593749,\n              46.77749276376827\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.84997558593749,\n              46.77749276376827\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.84997558593749,\n              46.77749276376827\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"stroke\": \"#555555\",\n        \"stroke-width\": 2,\n        \"stroke-opacity\": 1,\n        \"fill\": \"#555555\",\n        \"fill-opacity\": 0.3\n      },\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.05047607421875,\n              46.64755071082884\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.4544677734375,\n              46.64755071082884\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.4544677734375,\n              47.19717795172789\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.05047607421875,\n              47.19717795172789\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.05047607421875,\n              46.64755071082884\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}\n","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f1c89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wesolowski, Edwin A.","contributorId":14014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesolowski","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":31700,"text":"ofr96632 - 1996 - Physical characteristics of stream subbasins in the Hawk Creek-Yellow Medicine River basin, southwestern Minnesota and eastern South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T10:11:15","indexId":"ofr96632","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-632","title":"Physical characteristics of stream subbasins in the Hawk Creek-Yellow Medicine River basin, southwestern Minnesota and eastern South Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>Data that describe the physical characteristics of stream subbasins upstream from selected sites on streams in the Hawk Creek-Yellow Medicine River Basin, located in southwestern Minnesota and eastern South Dakota are presented in this report. The physical characteristics are the drainage area of the subbasin, the percentage area of the subbasin covered only by lakes, the percentage area of the subbasin covered by both lakes and wetlands, the main-channel length, and the main-channel slope. Stream sites include outlets of subbasins of at least 5 square miles, outlets of sewage treatment plants, and locations of U.S. Geological Survey low-flow, high-flow, and continuous-record gaging stations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"United States","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/ofr96632","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Minnesota Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Sanocki, C.A., 1996, Physical characteristics of stream subbasins in the Hawk Creek-Yellow Medicine River basin, southwestern Minnesota and eastern South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-632, Document: 21 p.; Plate: 44 x 36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96632.","productDescription":"Document: 21 p.; Plate: 44 x 36 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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,{"id":31706,"text":"ofr96694 - 1996 - Aeromagnetic map of the Scotts Mills area on the Vancouver and Salem 1° by 2° quadrangles, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-16T18:18:17.00963","indexId":"ofr96694","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-694","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Scotts Mills area on the Vancouver and Salem 1° by 2° quadrangles, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96694","usgsCitation":"Sikora, R.F., 1996, Aeromagnetic map of the Scotts Mills area on the Vancouver and Salem 1° by 2° quadrangles, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-694, 1 Plate: 43.03 × 36.22 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96694.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 43.03 × 36.22 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":389352,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18679.htm"},{"id":59935,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0694/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Scotts Mills area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.1590,\n              44.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.2030,\n              44.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.2030,\n              45.504\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.15905,\n              45.504\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.1590,\n              44.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aeee4b07f02db6912ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sikora, R. F.","contributorId":21923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sikora","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5389,"text":"fs18296 - 1996 - Nitrate and pesticides in ground water of the Ozark Plateaus region in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:42","indexId":"fs18296","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"182-96","title":"Nitrate and pesticides in ground water of the Ozark Plateaus region in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs18296","usgsCitation":"Adamski, J.C., 1996, Nitrate and pesticides in ground water of the Ozark Plateaus region in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 182-96, 1 sheet : col. ill., col maps ; 43 x 28 folded to 22 x 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs18296.","productDescription":"1 sheet : col. ill., col maps ; 43 x 28 folded to 22 x 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":247319,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0182/report.pdf","size":"2583","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0182/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697445","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adamski, James C.","contributorId":20316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adamski","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":23707,"text":"ofr96524 - 1996 - Soil organic carbon content in rice soils of Arkansas and Louisiana and a comparison to non-agricultural soils; including a bibliography for agricultural soil carbon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:10","indexId":"ofr96524","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-524","title":"Soil organic carbon content in rice soils of Arkansas and Louisiana and a comparison to non-agricultural soils; including a bibliography for agricultural soil carbon","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96524","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Leventhal, J., and Ward, L., 1996, Soil organic carbon content in rice soils of Arkansas and Louisiana and a comparison to non-agricultural soils; including a bibliography for agricultural soil carbon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-524, 15 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96524.","productDescription":"15 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156331,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0524/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52954,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0524/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5edc23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leventhal, J.S.","contributorId":60640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leventhal","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, L.B.","contributorId":97942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5163,"text":"fs21596 - 1996 - Salinity in the Colorado River in the Grand Valley, western Colorado, 1994-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T10:43:19","indexId":"fs21596","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"215-96","title":"Salinity in the Colorado River in the Grand Valley, western Colorado, 1994-95","docAbstract":"Salinity, or the dissolved-solids concentration, is the measure of salts such as sodium chloride, calcium bicarbonate, and calcium sulfate that are dissolved in water. About one-half of the salinity in the Colorado River Basin is from natural sources (U.S. Department of the Interior, 1995), such as thermal springs in the Glenwood-Dotsero area, located about 90 miles upstream from Grand Junction (fig. 1). Effects of human activities, such as irrigation, reservoir evaporation, and transbasin diversions, have increased the levels of salinity in the Colorado River. High salinity can affect industrial and municipal water users by causing increased water-treatment costs, increased deterioration of plumbing and appliances, increased soap needs, and undesirable taste of drinking water. High salinity also can cause lower crop yields by reducing water and nutrient uptake by plants and can increase agricultural production costs because of higher leaching and drainage requirements. Agricultural losses might occur when salinity reaches about 700?850 milligrams per liter (U.S Department of the Interior, 1994).  Figure 1. Irrigated area in the Grand Valley and locations of sampling sites for the 1994?95 salinity study of the Colorado River. The Colorado River is the major source of irrigation water to the Grand Valley (fig. 1) and also is one source of water for the Clifton Water District, which supplies domestic water to part of the eastern Grand Valley. During spring and early summer in 1994, the Colorado River in the Grand Valley had lower than average streamflow. There was concern by water users about the effect of this low streamflow on salinity in the river. In 1994, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Colorado River Water Conservation District, began a study to evaluate salinity in the Colorado River. This fact sheet describes results of that study. The specific objectives of the fact sheet are to (1) compare salinity in the Colorado River among different locations from Cameo to the Colorado-Utah State line, (2) assess variations in salinity for different times of the year, and (3) describe the relation between streamflow and salinity in the river.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs21596","usgsCitation":"Butler, D.L., and von Guerard, P.B., 1996, Salinity in the Colorado River in the Grand Valley, western Colorado, 1994-95: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 215-96, 1 sheet (4 p.) : col. ill., col. map ; 28 cm. col. ill., col. map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs21596.","productDescription":"1 sheet (4 p.) : col. ill., col. map ; 28 cm. col. ill., col. map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_215_96.bmp"},{"id":582,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs-215-96/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Grand Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.42269897460938,\n              39.15349256868936\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.72781372070312,\n              39.15349256868936\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.72781372070312,\n              39.606746222241476\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.42269897460938,\n              39.606746222241476\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.42269897460938,\n              39.15349256868936\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4880e4b07f02db515edc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, David L.","contributorId":12843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"von Guerard, Paul B.","contributorId":15601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Guerard","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1963,"text":"wsp2477 - 1996 - Verification of a one-dimensional, unsteady-flow model for the Fox River in Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:24","indexId":"wsp2477","displayToPublicDate":"1997-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2477","title":"Verification of a one-dimensional, unsteady-flow model for the Fox River in Illinois","docAbstract":"The previously-calibrated application of the Full EQuations (FEQ) model of one-dimensional, unsteady flow to a 30.7-mile reach of the Fox River in northeastern Illinois was verified with discharge, stage, and dye-transport data collected during a 12-day period in October-November 1990. The period included unsteady flow induced by the operation of a sluice gate dam located at the upstream end of the reach. The model flow field was input to the Branched Lagrangian Transport Model (BLTM) for the simulation of dye transport. The results of the FEQ and BLTM model simulations are compared with the measured data and sensitivity analyses of the model parameters for this application are presented.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ;\r\nFor sale by the U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2477","usgsCitation":"Ishii, A., and Turner, M.J., 1996, Verification of a one-dimensional, unsteady-flow model for the Fox River in Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2477, v, 65 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2477.","productDescription":"v, 65 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":19,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://il.water.usgs.gov/pubsearch/reports.cgi/view?series=WSP&number=2477","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":138137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2477/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27328,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2477/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db6021fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ishii, Audrey L. alishii@usgs.gov","contributorId":1818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishii","given":"Audrey L.","email":"alishii@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":144442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, Mary J.","contributorId":91838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":25028,"text":"pp1414A - 1996 - Analysis of regional aquifers in the central Midwest of the United States in Kansas, Nebraska, and parts of Arkansas, Colorado, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming: Summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-20T20:57:45.682307","indexId":"pp1414A","displayToPublicDate":"1997-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1414","chapter":"A","title":"Analysis of regional aquifers in the central Midwest of the United States in Kansas, Nebraska, and parts of Arkansas, Colorado, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming: Summary","docAbstract":"<p>Large quantities of ground water are available for use from three regional aquifer systems in the central Midwest of the United States. Parts of the lowermost aquifer contain nearly immobile brine and may be hydrologically suitable for material storage or waste disposal. Results of numerical modeling and geochemical analyses confirm general concepts of ground-water flow in the regional aquifer systems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp1414A","usgsCitation":"Jorgensen, D.G., Helgesen, J.O., Signor, D., Leonard, R.B., Imes, J., and Christenson, S.C., 1996, Analysis of regional aquifers in the central Midwest of the United States in Kansas, Nebraska, and parts of Arkansas, Colorado, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming: Summary: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1414, vii, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1414A.","productDescription":"vii, 67 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410816,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4870.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":54036,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1414a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1414a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.67773437499999,\n              36.59788913307022\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.6455078125,\n              35.02999636902566\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.294921875,\n              34.19817309627726\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.46093749999999,\n              34.66935854524543\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.56054687499999,\n              36.06686213257888\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.1650390625,\n              37.055177106660814\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.6484375,\n              37.89219554724437\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.658203125,\n              39.639537564366684\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.8447265625,\n              40.48038142908172\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.6796875,\n              43.48481212891603\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.150390625,\n              43.389081939117496\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.1171875,\n              42.09822241118974\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.6005859375,\n              37.26530995561875\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.67773437499999,\n              36.59788913307022\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db6801b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jorgensen, Donald G.","contributorId":19537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgensen","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helgesen, J. O.","contributorId":62600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helgesen","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Signor, D. C.","contributorId":95100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signor","given":"D. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leonard, R. B.","contributorId":32917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonard","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Imes, J. L.","contributorId":61428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Imes","given":"J. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Christenson, S. C.","contributorId":98320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christenson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":2263,"text":"wsp2486 - 1996 - Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the Charlotte Harbor basin and estuarine system in southwestern Florida: A summary of the 1982-89 U.S. Geological Survey Charlotte Harbor assessment and other studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-28T21:43:20.280607","indexId":"wsp2486","displayToPublicDate":"1997-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2486","title":"Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the Charlotte Harbor basin and estuarine system in southwestern Florida: A summary of the 1982-89 U.S. Geological Survey Charlotte Harbor assessment and other studies","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Charlotte Harbor estuarine system, having a surface area of about 270 square miles, averages about 7 feet in depth and is connected to deep water of the Gulf of Mexico through several passes and inlets between barrier islands. Three major rivers flow into the estuary--the Peace, the Myakka, and the Caloosahatchee. Freshwater and tidal flushing transport nutrients and other constituents from the basin through the estuary into the gulf. Flushing characteristics were evaluated using a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The model indicated that the time required to flush injected dye (simulated) from some subareas of the harbor was longer for reduced freshwater inflow than for typical freshwater inflow. After 30 days of simulation of reduced freshwater inflow, 42 percent of the dye injected into the upper harbor remained in the upper harbor, compared to 28 percent for typical freshwater inflow.</span></p><p>The Charlotte Harbor estuary is usually well mixed or partially mixed in the vertical, but vertical salinity stratification does occur, primarily during late summer when freshwater inflows are greatest. A box model was developed that incorporated vertically averaged salinities to account indirectly for three-dimensional transport processes associated with vertical stratification. The box model predicts that under high (7,592 cubic feet per second) and average (2,470 cubic feet per second) freshwater inflows from the Peace and Myakka Rivers, 50 percent of the original water (present at the start of the model run) would be flushed from the northern part of the estuarine system into the Gulf of Mexico in 10 days and 20 days, respectively.</p><p>The distribution of plant nutrients in the Charlotte Harbor Estuary is affected by nutrient inputs, freshwater and tidal flushing, mixing, and recycling processes in the estuary. The distributions of total phosphorus and orthophosphate are affected mainly by river input and physical mixing. The distribution of ammonia nitrogen is variable and is related more to recycling within the estuary than to input from the rivers. Ammonia concentrations increase in deeper water, probably in response to vertical salinity stratification and low concentrations of dissolved oxygen that foster regeneration of ammonia from bottom sediments. The distribution of nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen is nonconservative--concentrations are high in the rivers and decrease more rapidly in the estuary than expected due to dilution with sea water, probably because of phytoplankton uptake.</p><p>Phytoplankton productivity and biomass are usually greatest during late summer near the mouths of the tidal rivers when freshwater inflow and nutrient loading are greatest. The highly colored freshwater runoff reduces light penetration and phytoplankton productivity in regions of the estuary where salinity is less than about 10 parts per thousand, but the nutrient-rich, colored water is diluted by seawater at midsalinities (10-20 parts per thousand) so that availability of light increases and inorganic nitrogen concentrations are still high enough to stimulate productivity and growth of phytoplankton. In much of the estuary, salinity is greater than 20 parts per thousand, and availability of inorganic nitrogen, not light, limits productivity and growth.</p><p>Although the Charlotte Harbor estuarine system is relatively undisturbed, much of its basin has been altered by human activities. Streamflow decreased substantially during 1931-84 in parts of the Peace River, probably because of ground-water withdrawals in the basin. Nutrient concentrations generally increased in the rivers during 1970-85, because of an increase in the flow of wastewater and agricultural runoff. The concentrations of phosphorus are naturally high in the Peace River because of extensive phosphate deposits in the basin. The phosphate deposits also are relatively rich in radionuclides of the uranium-238 series, including radium-226. In the upper basin, these deposits are exposed in the riverbed. Extensive phosphate mining and processing have exposed additional deposits to surface runoff. Periodic spills of phosphate sediments (slimes) have contributed additional phosphorus and radium-226 to the river and estuary. A single spill can contribute a phosphorus load equal to the annual loading in the Peace River at Arcadia.</p><p>The projected increase in population in the basin by the year 2020 would generate an additional 60 million gallons per day of domestic wastewater over that generated during 1980, which would increase nitrogen loading in the basin by more than 3 tons per day. Intensified agricultural and industrial developments, particularly expanding citrus production and phosphate mining, could generate additional loads of nutrients and a variety of inorganic and organic contaminants. Increased inputs of nutrients, particularly nitrogen, could encourage growth and increase abundance of phytoplankton and benthic and epiphytic algae. If water were less colored as a result of reduced freshwater inflow, undesirable algal growth could be exacerbated because of increased availability of light. Increased abundance of phytoplankton and other algae could likely change dissolved-oxygen concentrations in the estuary, resulting in greater day-to-night fluctuations and the possible depletion of dissolved oxygen in deep water. At the present time, near-anaerobic conditions occur for days or weeks in the deep water (more than 9 feet) of the northern harbor during late summer. These conditions could become more persistent with time and over wider areas, if phytoplankton and other algae increase in abundance and in their contribution to benthic oxygen demand. An increased abundance of phytoplankton and other algae also would reduce light penetration and adversely affect seagrasses.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2486","usgsCitation":"McPherson, B.F., Miller, R.L., and Stoker, Y.E., 1996, Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the Charlotte Harbor basin and estuarine system in southwestern Florida: A summary of the 1982-89 U.S. Geological Survey Charlotte Harbor assessment and other studies: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2486, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2486.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":430635,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25404.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":137573,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":28,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wsp2486/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Charlotte Harbor","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.97584144860814,\n              27.06465970203172\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.35886847765688,\n              27.06465970203172\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.35886847765688,\n              26.41983792445552\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.97584144860814,\n              26.41983792445552\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.97584144860814,\n              27.06465970203172\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685ac8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPherson, Benjamin F.","contributorId":17965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Ronald L.","contributorId":103245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stoker, Yvonne E. ystoker@usgs.gov","contributorId":5101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoker","given":"Yvonne","email":"ystoker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":144915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":32945,"text":"pp1410E - 1996 - Hydrology of the southeastern Coastal Plain aquifer system in South Carolina and parts of Georgia and North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-11T10:27:03","indexId":"pp1410E","displayToPublicDate":"1997-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1410","chapter":"E","title":"Hydrology of the southeastern Coastal Plain aquifer system in South Carolina and parts of Georgia and North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p>The wedge of sediments present beneath the Coastal Plain of South Carolina and adjacent parts of Georgia and North Carolina consists of sand, silt, clay, and limestone. These strata have been subdivided into six regional aquifers: the surficial aquifer, the Floridan aquifer system, the Tertiary sand aquifer, the Black Creek aquifer, the Middendorf aquifer, and the Cape Fear aquifer. Intervening confining units separate the aquifers, except for the Floridan aquifer system and the Tertiary sand aquifer, which together function as a single hydrologic unit.</p>\n<p>The quality of ground water from the Coastal Plain aquifers of South Carolina generally is acceptable for most uses in most areas. The water in most aquifers under most of the Coastal Plain contains low concentrations of dissolved solids (less than 500 milligrams per liter) and no dominant constituents in the recharge areas. Downgradient, the water is a calcium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate type throughout most of the Coastal Plain. Sodium-chloride-type water is present still farther downgradient, near the coast.</p>\n<p>A quasi-three-dimensional, finite-difference digital ground-water flow model was constructed to simulate flow in the Coastal Plain aquifers prior to development. The model also was used to evaluate the hydraulic responses to pumping that have occurred up to November 1982. The model consisted of five layers and a 48 by 63 node grid with a uniform square grid cell of 4 miles on a side.</p>\n<p>The Coastal Plain aquifers are recharged primarily by precipitation in their outcrop areas. Discharge is primarily as base flow to upper Coastal Plain rivers, to overlying aquifers by leakage through confining units, and to wells.</p>\n<p>Total simulated flow in the deep ground-water system was 967 cubic feet per second at the end of the transient simulation (1982). Recharge to the deep flow system simulated by the model was 793 cubic feet per second in the study area in 1982. Simulated aquifer discharge to large rivers was 660 cubic feet per second. Discharge to smaller rivers was not simulated because of the scale of the model.</p>\n<p>Changes resulting from ground-water pumping were significant as of 1982. The simulated water budget indicates that in 1982, 249 cubic feet per second were discharged from the aquifer system by wells. This pumping was balanced by the following changes from predevelopment conditions: 110 cubic feet per second derived from storage, 67 cubic feet per second decrease in aquifer-to-river discharge, 44 cubic feet per second increase in net inflow from source-sinks, and a net increase in inflow of 28 cubic feet per second across boundaries. Head declines in the Black Creek and Middendorf aquifers have occurred throughout much of the eastern part of the Coastal Plain of South Carolina as a result of pumping in the Myrtle Beach and Florence areas. Simulation indicates that the dominant sources of water for upper Coastal Plain pumping centers such as the city of Florence are decrease in flow to rivers in the upper Coastal Plain and water derived from storage. The dominant sources of water for pumping centers in the Myrtle Beach area are water derived from storage, leakage from overlying aquifers, and net increases in inflow across boundaries.</p>\n<p>Transmissivity values used in the flow simulation range from less than 1,000 feet squared per day near the updip limit of most aquifers to about 30,000 feet squared per day in the Middendorf aquifer in the Savannah River Plant area. Vertical hydraulic conductivity values used in simulation of confining units range from about 6x10<sup>-7</sup> feet per day for the confining unit between the Middendorf and Black Creek aquifers in coastal areas to 3x10<sup>-2</sup> feet per day for most of the confining units near their updip limits. Storage coefficients used in transient simulations were 0.15 where unconfined conditions exist and 0.0005 where confined conditions exist.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/pp1410E","usgsCitation":"Aucott, W.R., 1996, Hydrology of the southeastern Coastal Plain aquifer system in South Carolina and parts of Georgia and North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1410, vii, 83 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1410E.","productDescription":"vii, 83 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":60848,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1410e/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"22.81 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":121869,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1410e/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.87060546875,\n              34.94899072578227\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.8154296875,\n              34.34343606848294\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.353759765625,\n              33.706062655101206\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.265625,\n              33.293803558346596\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.134033203125,\n              31.194007509998823\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.47509765625,\n              32.26855544621479\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.167724609375,\n              33.348884792201694\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.838134765625,\n              33.8339199536547\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.49731445312499,\n              34.97600151317591\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.12353515625,\n              35.60371874069731\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.87060546875,\n              34.94899072578227\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc79f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aucott, Walter R.","contributorId":90275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aucott","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":22419,"text":"ofr96713 - 1996 - Diatom constraints on sea surface temperatures and sea ice distribution during the middle part of the Pliocene","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:09","indexId":"ofr96713","displayToPublicDate":"1997-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-713","title":"Diatom constraints on sea surface temperatures and sea ice distribution during the middle part of the Pliocene","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96713","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Barron, J., 1996, Diatom constraints on sea surface temperatures and sea ice distribution during the middle part of the Pliocene: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-713, 45 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96713.","productDescription":"45 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156421,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0713/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51962,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0713/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65db02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, J.A. 0000-0002-9309-1145","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":95461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24056,"text":"ofr96734 - 1996 - High resolution acoustic survey techniques and coring operations, Upper Klamath Lake and Lake of the Woods, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:11","indexId":"ofr96734","displayToPublicDate":"1997-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-734","title":"High resolution acoustic survey techniques and coring operations, Upper Klamath Lake and Lake of the Woods, Oregon","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96734","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Nichols, D., and Colman, S.M., 1996, High resolution acoustic survey techniques and coring operations, Upper Klamath Lake and Lake of the Woods, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-734, 7 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96734.","productDescription":"7 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156221,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0734/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53230,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0734/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db6355f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, D.R.","contributorId":42979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colman, Steven M. 0000-0002-0564-9576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9576","contributorId":77482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":191230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23849,"text":"ofr96738 - 1996 - Volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-20T20:57:16.668084","indexId":"ofr96738","displayToPublicDate":"1997-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-738","title":"Volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory 1995","docAbstract":"The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) responded to eruptive activity or suspected volcanic activity (SVA) at 6 volcanic centers in 1995: Mount Martin (Katmai Group), Mount Veniaminof, Shishaldin, Makushin, Kliuchef/Korovin, and Kanaga. In addition to responding to eruptive activity at Alaska volcanoes, AVO also disseminated information for the Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) on the 1995 eruptions of 2 Russian volcanoes: Bezymianny and Karymsky. This report summarizes volcanic activity in Alaska during 1995 and the AVO response, as well as information on the 2 Kamchatkan eruptions. Only those reports or inquiries that resulted in a \"significant\" investment of staff time and energy (here defined as several hours or more for reaction, tracking, and follow-up) are included. AVO typically receives dozens of phone calls throughout the year reporting steaming, unusual cloud sightings, or eruption rumors. Most of these are resolved quickly and are not tabulated here as part of the 1995 response record.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96738","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"McGimsey, R.G., and Neal, C., 1996, Volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-738, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96738.","productDescription":"23 p.","numberOfPages":"25","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284215,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr96738.GIF"},{"id":53069,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0738/pdf/1995_Summary.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":390705,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51454.htm"},{"id":284214,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0738/tableofcontents.html"},{"id":1575,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0738/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Benzymianny, Kamchatka Peninsula, Karymsky, Korovin Volcano, Makushin Volcano, Mount Kanaga, Mount Kliuchef, Mount Martin, Mount Shishaldin, Mount Veniaminof","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4918e4b0b290850eee15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGimsey, Robert G. 0000-0001-5379-7779 mcgimsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-7779","contributorId":2352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGimsey","given":"Robert","email":"mcgimsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":190851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":82660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30497,"text":"wri964183 - 1996 - Occurrence and distribution of nitrate and selected pesticides in ground water in Missouri, 1986-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:58","indexId":"wri964183","displayToPublicDate":"1997-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4183","title":"Occurrence and distribution of nitrate and selected pesticides in ground water in Missouri, 1986-94","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964183","usgsCitation":"Wilkison, D., and Maley, R., 1996, Occurrence and distribution of nitrate and selected pesticides in ground water in Missouri, 1986-94: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4183, iv, 34 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964183.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4183/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59274,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4183/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db696217","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilkison, D.H.","contributorId":39800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkison","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maley, R.D.","contributorId":82718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maley","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30505,"text":"wri964276 - 1996 - Selected trace metals in water, sediment, plants, and fish in Rapid Creek, Rapid City, South Dakota, 1993-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:54","indexId":"wri964276","displayToPublicDate":"1997-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4276","title":"Selected trace metals in water, sediment, plants, and fish in Rapid Creek, Rapid City, South Dakota, 1993-94","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964276","usgsCitation":"Williamson, J., Goldstein, R.M., and Porter, S.D., 1996, Selected trace metals in water, sediment, plants, and fish in Rapid Creek, Rapid City, South Dakota, 1993-94: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4276, iv, 30 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964276.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159535,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4276/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59283,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4276/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a01e4b07f02db5f8027","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williamson, J.E.","contributorId":75582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldstein, R. M.","contributorId":98305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Porter, S. D.","contributorId":8882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":30006,"text":"wri964243 - 1996 - Changes in high-flow frequency and channel geometry of the Neosho River downstream from John Redmond Dam, southeastern Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri964243","displayToPublicDate":"1997-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4243","title":"Changes in high-flow frequency and channel geometry of the Neosho River downstream from John Redmond Dam, southeastern Kansas","docAbstract":"The streamflow regimen of the Neosho River downstream from John Redmond Dam in southeastern Kansas has changed significantly since the dam's completion in 1964. The controlled releases from the dam have decreased the magnitudes of peak discharges and increased the magnitudes of low discharges. The trends in river stage for selected discharges also have changed at two of the streamflow-gaging stations--those closest to the dam. There is a significant downward trend in the stages associated with the median annual peak discharges, but no significant trend in the stages associated with the annual mean discharges, which indicates that the river channel is increasing in width but not depth or that the hflow velocity has increased at the streamflow-gaging stations. Because there were not significant trends present in precipitation, mean annual discharge, or annual peak discharge, the changes are attributed to John Redmond Dam.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964243","usgsCitation":"Studley, S., 1996, Changes in high-flow frequency and channel geometry of the Neosho River downstream from John Redmond Dam, southeastern Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4243, iv, 16 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964243.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2448,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri964243/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":122664,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4243/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58811,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4243/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6cb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Studley, S.E.","contributorId":13662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Studley","given":"S.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28812,"text":"wri964181 - 1996 - Hydrogeologic conditions and simulation of ground-water flow in the Greater Orlando Metropolitan Area, East-Central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri964181","displayToPublicDate":"1997-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4181","title":"Hydrogeologic conditions and simulation of ground-water flow in the Greater Orlando Metropolitan Area, East-Central Florida","docAbstract":"A finite-difference ground-water flow model was used to simulate the effects  of both modern-day (1988) and projected 2010 ground-water withdrawals on the Floridan  aquifer system in the greater Orlando metropolitan area. This area covers about 2,500  square miles and includes all of Orange and Seminole Counties and parts of  Lake, Volusia, Brevard, Osceola, and Polk Counties. The hydrogeology of the area is characterized by a thin surficial aquifer  underlain by the thick, highly productive rocks of the Floridan aquifer  system. Water in the Upper Floridan aquifer is brackish (chloride  concentrations greater than 1,000 milligrams per liter) in discharge areas  beneath and near the St. Johns and Wekiva Rivers and is freshest (chloride  concentrations less than 100 milligrams per liter) inrecharge areas. A slight  trend toward increasing concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and  sulfate has been observed at Upper Floridan aquifer springs. Chloride  concentrations in the Upper Floridan aquifer measured between 1966 and 1993 at  the Cocoa well field have increased from 50 milligrams per liter to 120  milligrams per liter; concentrations measured in the Lower Floridan aquifer between 1966 and 1993 have increasedfrom 600 milligrams per liter to 3,000 milligrams per liter. The flow model was calibrated by comparing (a) simulated and estimated Upper  Floridan aquifer predevelopment (unstressed) potentiometric surfaces, (b) simulated and  measured heads at 142 Upper Floridan aquifer monitoring wells in 1988 (averageabsolute error of 1.8 feet), (c) simulated and measured discharge rates at 15  Upper Floridan aquifer springs in 1988 (306 cubic feet per second), and (d)  simulated and measured drawdowns at 134 Upper Floridan aquifer monitoring wells between 1988 and May  1990 (58 and 95 percent of simulated drawdowns were within plus or minus 25and 50 percent of measured drawdowns, respectively). Relative to  predevelopment conditions, model simulations indicate that about half of the  305 million gallons per day of water pumped from the Floridan aquifer system in 1988 was accounted for by  increased recharge from the surficial aquifer system. About 23  cubic feet persecond was derived from increased lateral inflow. A storage coefficient of  1x10-3 provided the best comparisons of measured-to-simulated data during the  transient simulation from January to May 1990. This storativity probably is greater than the true storativity of  the Upper Floridan aquifer because storage contributions from the intermediateconfining unit were not accounted for during model design and development. Calibrated transmissivity ranged from 10,000 to greater than 400,000 feet  squared per day in the Upper Floridan aquifer, and from 5,000 to 600,000 feet squared per  day in the Lower Floridan aquifer. Calibrated intermediate confining unit  leakance ranged from 1x10-5 to 4x10-3 per day and was highest in areas where  the unit is thin or has been breached by numerous sinkholes. In general,calibrated transmissivity and leakance values were higher than associated  aquifer-test values. Simulated recharge rates to the Upper Floridan aquifer  from the surficial aquifer system ranged from less than 3 to 21 inches per  year. Recharge rates of greater than 10 inches per year were simulated in  areas of west Seminole, west Orange, east Lake, and southwest Volusia  Counties. Recharge rates of less than 3 inches per year were simulated in east  Orange and northeast Osceola Counties.  The calibrated model was used to simulate the effects of increased Floridan  aquifer withdrawals in the year 2010 (542 million gallons per day) on water  levels and spring flow. Projected effects were simulated for both &quot;wet&quot;  conditions (using 1988 fixed-head arrays) and for &quot;dry&quot; conditions (using May  1990 fixed-head arrays), thus bracketing a potential range of effects. Relative to simulated 1988  conditions, simulated 2010 spring flow decreased by 43  cubic f","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964181","usgsCitation":"Murray, L., and Halford, K.J., 1996, Hydrogeologic conditions and simulation of ground-water flow in the Greater Orlando Metropolitan Area, East-Central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4181, vi, 100 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964181.","productDescription":"vi, 100 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4181/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57677,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4181/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628b19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murray, L. C.","contributorId":54636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"L. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halford, K. J. 0000-0002-7322-1846","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7322-1846","contributorId":61077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halford","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}