{"pageNumber":"3723","pageRowStart":"93050","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185258,"records":[{"id":28890,"text":"wri964075 - 1996 - Scour assessments and sediment-transport simulation for selected bridge sites in South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:49","indexId":"wri964075","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4075","title":"Scour assessments and sediment-transport simulation for selected bridge sites in South Dakota","docAbstract":"Scour at bridges is a major concern in the design of new bridges and in the evaluation of structural stability of existing bridges. Equations for estimating pier, contraction, and abutment scour have been developed from numerous laboratory studies using sand-bed flumes, but little verification of these scour equations has been done for actual rivers with various bed conditions. This report describes the results of reconnaissance and detailed scour assessments and a sediment-transport simulation for selected bridge sites in South Dakota. Reconnaissance scour assessments were done during 1991 for 32 bridge sites. The reconnaissance assessments for each bridge site included compilation of general and structural data, field inspection to record and measure pertinent scour variables, and evaluation of scour susceptibility using various scour-index forms. Observed pier scour at the 32 sites ranged from 0 to 7 feet, observed contraction scour ranged from 0 to 4 feet, and observed abutment scour ranged from 0 to 10 feet. Thirteen bridge sites having high potential for scour were selected for detailed assessments, which were accomplished during 1992-95. These detailed assessments included prediction of scour depths for 2-, 100-, and 500-year flows using selected published scour equations; measurement of scour during high flows; comparison of measured and predicted scour; and identification of which scour equations best predict actual scour. The medians of predicted pier-scour depth at each of the 13 bridge sites (using 13 scour equations) ranged from 2.4 to 6.8 feet for the 2-year flows and ranged from 3.4 to 13.3 feet for the 500-year flows. The maximum pier scour measured during high flows ranged from 0 to 8.5 feet. Statistical comparison (Spearman rank correlation) of predicted pier-scour depths (using flow data col- lected during scour measurements) indicate that the Laursen, Shen (method b), Colorado State University, and Blench (method b) equations correlate closer with measured scour than do the other prediction equations. The predicted pier-scour depths using the Varzeliotis and Carstens equations have weak statistical rela- tions with measured scour depths. Medians of predicted pier-scour depth from the Shen (method a), Chitale, Bata, and Carstens equations are statistically equal to the median of measured pier-scour depths, based on the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test. The medians of contraction scour depth at each of the 13 bridge sites (using one equation) ranged from -0.1 foot for the 2- year flows to 23.2 feet for the 500-year flows. The maximum contraction scour measured during high flows ranged from 0 to 3.0 feet. The contraction- scour prediction equation substantially overestimated the scour depths in almost all comparisons with the measured scour depths. A significant reason for this discrepancy is due to the wide flood plain (as wide as 5,000 feet) at most of the bridge sites that were investigated. One possible way to reduce this effect for bridge design is to make a decision on what is the effective approach section and thereby limit the size of the bridge flow approach width. The medians of abutment-scour depth at each of the 13 bridge sites (using five equations) ranged from 8.2 to 16.5 feet for the 2-year flows and ranged from 5.7 to 41 feet for the 500-year flows. The maximum abutment scour measured during high flows ranged from 0 to 4.0 feet. The abutment-scour prediction equations also substantially overestimated the scour depths in almost all comparisons with the measured scour depths. The Liu and others (live bed) equation predicted abutment-scour depths substantially lower than the other four abutment-scour equations and closer to the actual measured scour depths. However, this equation at times predicted greater scour depths for 2-year flows than it did for 500-year flows, making its use highly questionable. Again, limiting the bridge flow approach width would produce more reasonable predicted abutment scour.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964075","usgsCitation":"Niehus, C.A., 1996, Scour assessments and sediment-transport simulation for selected bridge sites in South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4075, v, 80 p. :ill. (some col.), map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964075.","productDescription":"v, 80 p. :ill. (some col.), map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159388,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4075/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57765,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4075/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aabe4b07f02db669940","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Niehus, C. A.","contributorId":94697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niehus","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21633,"text":"ofr96295 - 1996 - Biogeochemistry of lichens and mosses in and near Mt. Zirkel Wilderness, Routt National Forest, Colorado; influences of coal-fired power plant emissions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:58","indexId":"ofr96295","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-295","title":"Biogeochemistry of lichens and mosses in and near Mt. Zirkel Wilderness, Routt National Forest, Colorado; influences of coal-fired power plant emissions","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96295","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Jackson, L.L., Geiser, L., Blett, T., Gries, C., and Haddow, D., 1996, Biogeochemistry of lichens and mosses in and near Mt. Zirkel Wilderness, Routt National Forest, Colorado; influences of coal-fired power plant emissions: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-295, ix, 162 :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96295.","productDescription":"ix, 162 :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155279,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0295/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51190,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0295/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625a99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, L. L.","contributorId":39366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geiser, Linda","contributorId":26721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geiser","given":"Linda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blett, Tamara","contributorId":61070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blett","given":"Tamara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gries, Corinna","contributorId":106525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gries","given":"Corinna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haddow, Dennis","contributorId":68772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haddow","given":"Dennis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":23201,"text":"ofr96466 - 1996 - Ground-water conditions and quality in the western part of Kenai Peninsula, southcentral Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:58","indexId":"ofr96466","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-466","title":"Ground-water conditions and quality in the western part of Kenai Peninsula, southcentral Alaska","docAbstract":"The western part of Kenai Peninsula in southcentral Alaska is bounded by Cook Inlet and the Kenai Mountains. Ground water is the predominant source of water for commercial, industrial, and domestic uses on the peninsula. Mean daily water use in an oil, gas, and chemical processing area north of Kenai is more than 3.5 million gallons. Unconsolidated sediments of glacial and fluvial origin are the most productive aquifers. In the upper (northwestern) peninsula, almost all water used is withdrawn from unconsolidated sediments, which may be as thick as 750 feet. In the lower peninsula, unconsolidated sediments are thinner and are absent on many hills. Water supplies in the lower peninsula are obtained from unconsolidated sediments and bedrock, and a public-water supply in parts of Homer is obtained from Bridge Creek. Throughout the peninsula, ground-water flow occurs primarily as localized flow controlled by permeability of aquifer materials and surface topography. The concentration of constituents analyzed in water from 312 wells indicated that the chemical quality of ground water for human consumption varies from marginal to excellent. Even though the median concentration of dissolved solids is low (152 milligrams per liter), much of the ground water on the peninsula does not meet water-quality regulations for public drinking water established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). About 8 percent of wells sampled yielded water having concentrations of dissolved arsenic that exceeded the USEPA primary maximum contaminant level of 50 micrograms per liter. Concentrations of dissolved arsenic were as great as 94 micrograms per liter. Forty-six percent of wells sampled yielded water having concentrations of dissolved iron greater than the USEPA secondary maximum contaminant level of 300 micrograms per liter. Unconsolidated sediments generally yield water having calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate as its predominant ions. In some areas, ground water at depths greater than a few hundred feet may be naturally too salty for human consumption. The leaking and spilling of fuel and chemical products and the disposal of industrial wastes has degraded the quality of ground water at numerous sites.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96466","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Glass, R.L., 1996, Ground-water conditions and quality in the western part of Kenai Peninsula, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-466, vi, 66 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96466.","productDescription":"vi, 66 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0466/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52519,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0466/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66d2f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glass, R. L.","contributorId":80279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glass","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23104,"text":"ofr96626 - 1996 - River-stage data, Colorado River, Glen Canyon Dam to upper Lake Mead, Arizona, 1990-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:08","indexId":"ofr96626","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-626","title":"River-stage data, Colorado River, Glen Canyon Dam to upper Lake Mead, Arizona, 1990-94","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96626","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Gauger, R., 1996, River-stage data, Colorado River, Glen Canyon Dam to upper Lake Mead, Arizona, 1990-94: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-626, iv, 20 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96626.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0626/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52469,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0626/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a11e4b07f02db5fff4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gauger, R.W.","contributorId":41860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gauger","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4849,"text":"ds37 - 1996 - Data from selected U.S. Geological Survey National Stream Water-Quality Networks (WQN)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-11T21:54:18.559081","indexId":"ds37","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"37","title":"Data from selected U.S. Geological Survey National Stream Water-Quality Networks (WQN)","docAbstract":"This CD-ROM set contains data from two USGS national stream water-quality networks, the Hydrologic Benchmark Network (HBN) and the National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN), operated during the past 30 years. These networks were established to provide national and regional descriptions of stream water-quality conditions and trends, based on uniform monitoring of selected watersheds throughout the United States, and to improve our understanding of the effects of the natural environment and human activities on water quality. The HBN, consisting of 63 relatively small, minimally disturbed watersheds, provides data for investigating naturally induced changes in streamflow and water quality and the effects of airborne substances on water quality. NASQAN, consisting of 618 larger, more culturally influenced watersheds, provides information for tracking water-quality conditions in major U.S. rivers and streams.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds37","usgsCitation":"Alexander, R.B., Slack, J.R., Ludtke, A., Fitzgerald, K.K., Schertz, T., Briel, L.I., and Buttleman, K., 1996, Data from selected U.S. Geological Survey National Stream Water-Quality Networks (WQN): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 37, HTML Document; 2 CD-ROMs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds37.","productDescription":"HTML Document; 2 CD-ROMs","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403442,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_10547.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":139848,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":569,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/dds37","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130.67138671875,\n 54.686534234529695\n ],\n [\n -129.9462890625,\n 55.36662484928637\n ],\n [\n -130.1220703125,\n 56.145549500679074\n ],\n [\n -131.9677734375,\n 56.9449741808516\n ],\n [\n -135.3076171875,\n 59.833775202184206\n ],\n [\n -136.38427734375,\n 59.65664225341022\n ],\n [\n -136.6259765625,\n 59.23217626921806\n ],\n [\n -137.52685546875,\n 58.938673187948304\n ],\n [\n -137.65869140625,\n 59.33318942659219\n ],\n [\n -138.8232421875,\n 60.009970961180386\n ],\n [\n -139.21874999999997,\n 60.108670463036\n ],\n [\n -139.04296875,\n 60.403001945865476\n ],\n [\n -139.85595703125,\n 60.337823495982015\n ],\n [\n -140.99853515625,\n 60.337823495982015\n ],\n [\n -141.15234374999997,\n 69.71810669906763\n ],\n [\n -143.4375,\n 70.17020068549206\n ],\n [\n -145.1953125,\n 70.08056215839737\n ],\n [\n -149.765625,\n 70.58341752317065\n ],\n [\n -152.40234375,\n 70.61261423801925\n ],\n [\n -152.314453125,\n 70.95969716686398\n ],\n [\n -157.1484375,\n 71.35706654962706\n ],\n [\n -159.9609375,\n 70.8734913192635\n ],\n [\n -162.0703125,\n 70.31873847853124\n ],\n [\n -163.916015625,\n 69.06856318696033\n ],\n [\n -166.376953125,\n 68.942606818121\n ],\n [\n -166.376953125,\n 68.26938680456564\n ],\n [\n -163.30078125,\n 66.86108230224609\n ],\n [\n -161.982421875,\n 66.47820814385636\n ],\n [\n -163.564453125,\n 66.08936427047088\n ],\n [\n -163.564453125,\n 66.6181218846659\n ],\n [\n -165.76171875,\n 66.40795547978848\n ],\n [\n -168.0908203125,\n 65.69447579373418\n ],\n [\n -166.55273437499997,\n 65.14611484756372\n ],\n [\n -166.904296875,\n 65.05360170595502\n ],\n [\n -166.3330078125,\n 64.41592147626879\n ],\n [\n -162.861328125,\n 64.39693778132846\n ],\n [\n -160.927734375,\n 64.90491004905083\n ],\n [\n -161.0595703125,\n 64.47279382008166\n ],\n [\n -161.4990234375,\n 64.49172504435471\n ],\n [\n -160.8837890625,\n 63.87939001720202\n ],\n [\n -161.1474609375,\n 63.470144746565424\n ],\n [\n -162.6416015625,\n 63.64625919492172\n ],\n [\n -163.212890625,\n 63.05495931065107\n ],\n [\n -164.2236328125,\n 63.37183226679281\n ],\n [\n -166.1572265625,\n 61.75233128411639\n ],\n [\n -165.3662109375,\n 60.54377524118842\n ],\n [\n -167.431640625,\n 60.326947742998414\n ],\n [\n -167.255859375,\n 59.866883195210214\n ],\n [\n -165.8935546875,\n 59.7563950493563\n ],\n [\n -162.68554687499997,\n 59.734253447591364\n ],\n [\n -162.3779296875,\n 60.174306261926034\n ],\n [\n -161.806640625,\n 59.46740794183739\n ],\n [\n -162.0263671875,\n 59.108308258604964\n ],\n [\n -161.806640625,\n 58.768200159239576\n ],\n [\n -162.20214843749997,\n 58.65408464530598\n ],\n [\n -160.83984375,\n 58.44773280389084\n ],\n [\n -159.9609375,\n 58.6769376725869\n ],\n [\n -159.08203125,\n 58.309488840677645\n ],\n [\n -156.88476562499997,\n 58.92733441827545\n ],\n [\n -157.5,\n 58.516651799363785\n ],\n [\n -157.8076171875,\n 57.61010702068388\n ],\n [\n -161.54296875,\n 56.022948079627454\n ],\n [\n -168.6181640625,\n 53.4357192066942\n ],\n [\n -174.9462890625,\n 52.26815737376817\n ],\n [\n -178.2421875,\n 51.83577752045248\n ],\n [\n -173.1884765625,\n 51.590722643120145\n ],\n [\n -162.5537109375,\n 54.23955053156177\n ],\n [\n -155.302734375,\n 55.52863052257191\n ],\n [\n -151.4794921875,\n 57.51582286553883\n ],\n [\n -146.9970703125,\n 60.08676274626006\n ],\n [\n -145.546875,\n 60.21799073323445\n ],\n [\n -144.228515625,\n 59.689926220143356\n ],\n [\n -142.3828125,\n 59.93300042374631\n ],\n [\n -138.3837890625,\n 58.83649009392136\n ],\n [\n -135.6591796875,\n 56.31653672211301\n ],\n [\n -133.2421875,\n 54.521081495443596\n ],\n [\n -130.67138671875,\n 54.686534234529695\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.796875,\n 44.902577996288876\n ],\n [\n -67.67578124999999,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -67.939453125,\n 47.57652571374621\n ],\n [\n -69.2578125,\n 47.338822694822\n ],\n [\n -71.19140625,\n 45.27488643704891\n ],\n [\n -75.146484375,\n 44.96479793033101\n ],\n [\n -78.046875,\n 43.644025847699496\n ],\n [\n -79.1015625,\n 43.51668853502906\n ],\n [\n -79.1015625,\n 42.87596410238256\n ],\n [\n -82.68310546875,\n 41.65649719441145\n ],\n [\n -83.14453125,\n 42.049292638686836\n ],\n [\n -83.07861328125,\n 42.374778361114195\n ],\n [\n -82.529296875,\n 42.601619944327965\n ],\n [\n -82.24365234375,\n 43.6599240747891\n ],\n [\n -82.41943359375,\n 45.058001435398275\n ],\n [\n -83.60595703125,\n 45.85941212790755\n ],\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 46.027481852486645\n ],\n [\n -83.7158203125,\n 46.164614496897094\n ],\n [\n -83.95751953125,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n -84.24316406249999,\n 46.558860303117164\n ],\n [\n -84.72656249999999,\n 46.558860303117164\n ],\n [\n -84.90234375,\n 46.92025531537451\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 48.3416461723746\n ],\n [\n -89.3408203125,\n 47.96050238891509\n ],\n [\n -90.76904296874999,\n 48.122101028190805\n ],\n [\n -90.87890625,\n 48.22467264956519\n ],\n [\n -91.51611328125,\n 48.10743118848039\n ],\n [\n -92.2412109375,\n 48.37084770238366\n ],\n [\n -92.39501953125,\n 48.23930899024907\n ],\n [\n -92.94433593749999,\n 48.61838518688487\n ],\n [\n -93.44970703125,\n 48.63290858589535\n ],\n [\n -94.7021484375,\n 48.748945343432936\n ],\n [\n -94.833984375,\n 49.23912083246698\n ],\n [\n -95.1416015625,\n 49.396675075193976\n ],\n [\n -95.20751953125,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -123.0908203125,\n 48.80686346108517\n ],\n [\n -123.24462890625,\n 48.66194284607006\n ],\n [\n -123.1787109375,\n 48.32703913063476\n ],\n [\n -124.78271484375,\n 48.472921272487824\n ],\n [\n -124.93652343749999,\n 48.16608541901253\n ],\n [\n -124.365234375,\n 46.58906908309182\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 44.15068115978094\n ],\n [\n -124.93652343749999,\n 42.69858589169842\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 41.22824901518529\n ],\n [\n -124.73876953125,\n 40.43022363450862\n ],\n [\n -124.03564453125,\n 39.35129035526705\n ],\n [\n -124.01367187499999,\n 38.8225909761771\n ],\n [\n -122.05810546875,\n 36.12012758978146\n ],\n [\n -120.95947265624999,\n 34.88593094075317\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -118.21289062499999,\n 32.2313896627376\n ],\n [\n -117.22412109375,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 32.713355353177555\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 32.491230287947594\n ],\n [\n -110.98388671874999,\n 31.3348710339506\n ],\n [\n -108.21533203125,\n 31.297327991404266\n ],\n [\n -108.2373046875,\n 31.765537409484374\n ],\n [\n -106.435546875,\n 31.765537409484374\n ],\n [\n -104.9853515625,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -104.47998046875,\n 29.592565403314087\n ],\n [\n -103.20556640625,\n 28.94086176940557\n ],\n [\n -102.65625,\n 29.76437737516313\n ],\n [\n -102.3486328125,\n 29.84064389983441\n ],\n [\n -101.49169921875,\n 29.7453016622136\n ],\n [\n -100.83251953125,\n 29.267232865200878\n ],\n [\n -100.30517578125,\n 28.246327971048842\n ],\n [\n -99.60205078124999,\n 27.586197857692664\n ],\n [\n -99.47021484375,\n 27.31321389856826\n ],\n [\n -99.228515625,\n 26.52956523826758\n ],\n [\n -98.2177734375,\n 26.05678288577881\n ],\n [\n -97.75634765625,\n 26.03704188651584\n ],\n [\n -97.44873046875,\n 25.839449402063185\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 25.93828707492375\n ],\n [\n -96.8994140625,\n 26.194876675795218\n ],\n [\n -96.78955078125,\n 27.858503954841247\n ],\n [\n -93.75732421875,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 28.998531814051795\n ],\n [\n -88.22021484375,\n 29.05616970274342\n ],\n [\n -87.91259765625,\n 30.14512718337613\n ],\n [\n -86.5283203125,\n 30.183121842195515\n ],\n [\n -85.2978515625,\n 29.49698759653577\n ],\n [\n -84.13330078125,\n 29.80251790576445\n ],\n [\n -82.81494140625,\n 28.555576049185973\n ],\n [\n -83.21044921875,\n 27.800209937418252\n ],\n [\n -82.77099609375,\n 26.941659545381516\n ],\n [\n -82.08984375,\n 25.878994400196202\n ],\n [\n -81.5625,\n 25.264568475331583\n ],\n [\n -82.28759765625,\n 24.467150664739002\n ],\n [\n -82.0458984375,\n 24.046463999666567\n ],\n [\n -80.6396484375,\n 24.56710835257599\n ],\n [\n -79.78271484375,\n 25.34402602913433\n ],\n [\n -79.60693359375,\n 27.27416111737468\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 30.713503990354965\n ],\n [\n -80.66162109375,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -76.81640625,\n 34.07086232376631\n ],\n [\n -75.16845703124999,\n 35.263561862152095\n ],\n [\n -75.498046875,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -73.58642578125,\n 39.90973623453719\n ],\n [\n -71.3671875,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -69.63134765625,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -70.0048828125,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -70.3564453125,\n 42.89206418807337\n ],\n [\n -67.2802734375,\n 44.37098696297173\n ],\n [\n -67.0166015625,\n 44.69989765840318\n ],\n [\n -66.796875,\n 44.902577996288876\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.56640625,\n 18.771115062337024\n ],\n [\n -154.68749999999997,\n 19.642587534013032\n ],\n [\n -156.9287109375,\n 21.453068633086783\n ],\n [\n -159.521484375,\n 22.43134015636061\n ],\n [\n -160.5322265625,\n 21.983801417384697\n ],\n [\n -159.9609375,\n 21.207458730482642\n ],\n [\n -158.291015625,\n 20.92039691397189\n ],\n [\n -156.97265625,\n 19.932041306115536\n ],\n [\n -155.9619140625,\n 18.8543103618898\n ],\n [\n -155.56640625,\n 18.771115062337024\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.060546875,\n 18.020527657852337\n ],\n [\n -66.2255859375,\n 17.916022703877665\n ],\n [\n -65.6103515625,\n 17.97873309555617\n ],\n [\n -65.2587890625,\n 18.124970639386515\n ],\n [\n -65.5224609375,\n 18.458768120015126\n ],\n [\n -66.11572265625,\n 18.542116654448996\n ],\n [\n -66.95068359374999,\n 18.60460138845525\n ],\n [\n -67.34619140625,\n 18.542116654448996\n ],\n [\n -67.2802734375,\n 17.99963161491187\n ],\n [\n -67.060546875,\n 18.020527657852337\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c8c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alexander, Richard B. 0000-0001-9166-0626 ralex@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-0626","contributorId":541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Richard","email":"ralex@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":149921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slack, J. R.","contributorId":40205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ludtke, A. S.","contributorId":6846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludtke","given":"A. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fitzgerald, K. K.","contributorId":34501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schertz, T. L.","contributorId":65841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schertz","given":"T. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Briel, L. I.","contributorId":7265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briel","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Buttleman, K. P.","contributorId":80266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buttleman","given":"K. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":26636,"text":"wri964213 - 1996 - Hydrogeology of the sand and gravel aquifer in the vicinity of the Wild Rose State Fish Hatchery, north-central Waushara County, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T13:03:48","indexId":"wri964213","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4213","title":"Hydrogeology of the sand and gravel aquifer in the vicinity of the Wild Rose State Fish Hatchery, north-central Waushara County, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"

The sand and gravel aquifer in the vicinity of the Wild Rose State Fish Hatchery is approximately 200 feet thick. The aquifer consists mostly of sand that was deposited as glacial till and outwash approximately 15,000 years ago. Hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer at the hatchery, calculated from slug tests, is approximately 18 feet per day. Ground water recharges west of the hatch ery, flows from northwest to southeast, and discharges to streams, lakes, springs, and flowing wells.

\n

Springs and flowing wells are common at the hatchery because of upward hydraulic gradients in the sand and gravel aquifer. Total flow from springs and wells at the hatchery is approximately 3 million gallons per day. The recharge area for the ground water discharging at the hatchery extends at least 5 miles to the west. Ground water may flow from or under the Pine River to wells and springs at the hatchery.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964213","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Conlon, T., 1996, Hydrogeology of the sand and gravel aquifer in the vicinity of the Wild Rose State Fish Hatchery, north-central Waushara County, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4213, iii, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964213.","productDescription":"iii, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":55509,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4213/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123145,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4213/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Waushara County","otherGeospatial":"Wild Rose","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.30957794189453,\n 44.161765313550816\n ],\n [\n -89.30957794189453,\n 44.23363856655002\n ],\n [\n -89.23988342285156,\n 44.23363856655002\n ],\n [\n -89.23988342285156,\n 44.161765313550816\n ],\n [\n -89.30957794189453,\n 44.161765313550816\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db614d18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conlon, T.D. 0000-0002-5899-7187","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5899-7187","contributorId":97947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conlon","given":"T.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26593,"text":"wri964159 - 1996 - Occurrence of selenium and mercury in surface water, Wind River Indian Reservation, Wyoming, 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-19T11:31:27","indexId":"wri964159","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4159","title":"Occurrence of selenium and mercury in surface water, Wind River Indian Reservation, Wyoming, 1995","docAbstract":"

Surface-water samples for chemical analyses were collected during May and August 1995 from 13 sites in an irrigated area of the Wind River Federal Irrigation Project, Wind River Indian Reservation, Wyoming. Sites included irrigation drains, ponds, and streams in an irrigated area partially underlain by seleniferous geologic materials described as having the potential to support vegetation that may be toxic to animals. Samples were analyzed for dissolved selenium, mercury, and other inorganic constituents. The study was done in cooperation with the Shoshone Tribe and the Northern Arapaho Tribe.

Six samples analyzed from the May sampling period had dissolved selenium concentrations greater than the aquatic-life chronic criterion of 5 μg/L (micrograms per liter) established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The largest dissolved selenium concentration (49 μg/L) exceeded the aquatic-life acute criterion of 20 μg/L established by the USEPA. Selenium concentrations in all 12 samples collected during the August sampling period were less than the laboratory minimum reporting level of 5 μg/L. The Goose Pond Drain site was dry in August.

The dissolved solids concentrations were larger in samples collected in May than in August from all but two sites. The large dissolved selenium concentrations in the May samples, collected prior to the start of the irrigation season, were associated with large dissolved solids concentrations.

Dissolved mercury concentrations were less than the minimum reporting level of 0.1 jig/L for 24 of the 25 samples collected during May and August. One sample collected in May had a concentration of 0.3 μg/L. This concentration was less than the aquatic-life acute criterion of 2.4 μg/L for mercury established by the USEPA.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Cheyenne, WY","doi":"10.3133/wri964159","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Shoshone Tribe and Northern Arapaho Tribe","usgsCitation":"Clark, M.L., and Sadler, W.J., 1996, Occurrence of selenium and mercury in surface water, Wind River Indian Reservation, Wyoming, 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4159, iv, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964159.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118787,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4159/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55460,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4159/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Wind River Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.8,\n 43.01667\n ],\n [\n -108.5833,\n 43.01667\n ],\n [\n -108.5833,\n 42.90833\n ],\n [\n -108.8,\n 42.90833\n ],\n [\n -108.8,\n 43.01667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6862e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Melanie L. mlclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Melanie","email":"mlclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sadler, Wilfrid J.","contributorId":19578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadler","given":"Wilfrid","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26687,"text":"wri964232 - 1996 - Fishes of the White River basin, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T09:46:08","indexId":"wri964232","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4232","title":"Fishes of the White River basin, Indiana","docAbstract":"

Since 1875, researchers have reported 158 species of fish belonging to 25 families in the White River Basin. Of these species, 6 have not been reported since 1900 and 10 have not been reported since 1943. Since the 1820's, fish communities in the White River Basin have been affected by the alteration of stream habitat, overfishing, the introduction of non-native species, agriculture, and urbanization. Erosion resulting from conversion of forest land to cropland in the 1800's led to siltation of streambeds and resulted in the loss of some silt-sensitive species. In the early 1900's, the water quality of the White River was seriously degraded for 100 miles by untreated sewage from the City of Indianapolis. During the last 25 years, water quality in the basin has improved because of efforts to control water pollution. Fish communities in the basin have responded favorably to the improved water quality.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964232","usgsCitation":"Crawford, C.G., Lydy, M.J., and Frey, J.W., 1996, Fishes of the White River basin, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4232, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964232.","productDescription":"8 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":55550,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4232/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4232/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","otherGeospatial":"White River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.8309326171875,\n 40.24808787647333\n ],\n [\n -85.2264404296875,\n 40.250184183819854\n ],\n [\n -85.27313232421875,\n 40.29000168607602\n ],\n [\n -85.3143310546875,\n 40.32141999593439\n ],\n [\n -85.37200927734375,\n 40.34235741658332\n ],\n [\n -85.462646484375,\n 40.32560799973207\n ],\n [\n -85.54504394531249,\n 40.28581147399602\n ],\n [\n -85.58074951171875,\n 40.287906612507406\n ],\n [\n -85.62744140625,\n 40.29419163838167\n ],\n [\n -85.682373046875,\n 40.29000168607602\n ],\n [\n -85.7098388671875,\n 40.23970199781759\n ],\n [\n -85.76751708984375,\n 40.233411907115055\n ],\n [\n -85.78399658203125,\n 40.28162100214798\n ],\n [\n -85.84991455078125,\n 40.26904802805884\n ],\n [\n -85.8856201171875,\n 40.222927124178\n ],\n [\n -85.9185791015625,\n 40.195659093364654\n ],\n [\n -85.97076416015625,\n 40.153686857794035\n ],\n [\n -86.04766845703125,\n 40.12429084831405\n ],\n [\n -86.06689453125,\n 40.08857859823707\n ],\n [\n -86.15478515625,\n 40.042334918180536\n ],\n [\n -86.17401123046875,\n 40.00026797264677\n ],\n [\n -86.19873046875,\n 39.98343393295322\n ],\n [\n -86.24542236328125,\n 39.97922477476731\n ],\n [\n -86.30584716796875,\n 39.95396438076642\n ],\n [\n -86.42669677734375,\n 39.91394967016644\n ],\n [\n -86.52557373046875,\n 39.871803651624425\n ],\n [\n -86.65191650390624,\n 39.812755695478124\n ],\n [\n -86.77825927734375,\n 39.7642140375156\n ],\n [\n -86.8304443359375,\n 39.71352536237346\n ],\n [\n -86.85791015625,\n 39.66491373749131\n ],\n [\n -86.9073486328125,\n 39.6437675734185\n ],\n [\n -86.9512939453125,\n 39.61626788999701\n ],\n [\n -87.0391845703125,\n 39.53158493558717\n ],\n [\n -87.08587646484375,\n 39.487084981687495\n ],\n [\n -87.1051025390625,\n 39.417098913067754\n ],\n [\n -87.25067138671875,\n 39.330048552942415\n ],\n [\n -87.42919921875,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -87.42645263671875,\n 39.21948715423953\n ],\n [\n -87.3907470703125,\n 39.198205348894795\n ],\n [\n -87.3907470703125,\n 39.12366825402605\n ],\n [\n -87.38525390624999,\n 39.08743603215884\n ],\n [\n -87.3468017578125,\n 38.9914373369788\n ],\n [\n -87.34130859375,\n 38.905995699991145\n ],\n [\n -87.3138427734375,\n 38.839707613545144\n ],\n [\n -87.308349609375,\n 38.826870521380634\n ],\n [\n -87.3138427734375,\n 38.751941349470876\n ],\n [\n -87.30560302734375,\n 38.71123253895224\n ],\n [\n -87.31658935546875,\n 38.70265930723801\n ],\n [\n -87.35504150390625,\n 38.64047263931154\n ],\n [\n -87.38525390624999,\n 38.60828592850559\n ],\n [\n -87.42919921875,\n 38.59755381474309\n ],\n [\n -87.49786376953125,\n 38.58896696823242\n ],\n [\n -87.55828857421875,\n 38.58037909468592\n ],\n [\n -87.61322021484375,\n 38.51378825951165\n ],\n [\n -87.6434326171875,\n 38.47724452895557\n ],\n [\n -87.6214599609375,\n 38.43422817624596\n ],\n [\n -87.50335693359375,\n 38.444984668894705\n ],\n [\n -87.4676513671875,\n 38.485844721434205\n ],\n [\n -87.4127197265625,\n 38.49229419236133\n ],\n [\n -87.38525390624999,\n 38.47509432050245\n ],\n [\n -87.2808837890625,\n 38.46434231629165\n ],\n [\n -87.2149658203125,\n 38.48369476951686\n ],\n [\n -87.176513671875,\n 38.543869175876154\n ],\n [\n -87.14355468749999,\n 38.59540719940386\n ],\n [\n -87.10784912109375,\n 38.62330819136028\n ],\n [\n -87.066650390625,\n 38.65334327823747\n ],\n [\n -86.95404052734375,\n 38.62545397209084\n ],\n [\n -86.91009521484375,\n 38.60613963414789\n ],\n [\n -86.80572509765625,\n 38.634036452919226\n ],\n [\n -86.77825927734375,\n 38.655488159953\n ],\n [\n -86.75354003906249,\n 38.62330819136028\n ],\n [\n -86.63543701171875,\n 38.59755381474309\n ],\n [\n -86.62445068359375,\n 38.64476310916202\n ],\n [\n -86.61346435546874,\n 38.67264490154078\n ],\n [\n -86.56951904296875,\n 38.67907761983558\n ],\n [\n -86.53656005859375,\n 38.65763297744505\n ],\n [\n -86.495361328125,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -86.4239501953125,\n 38.62545397209084\n ],\n [\n -86.34979248046875,\n 38.64047263931154\n ],\n [\n -86.24542236328125,\n 38.70694605159386\n ],\n [\n -86.16851806640624,\n 38.736946065676\n ],\n [\n -86.1053466796875,\n 38.74123075381231\n ],\n [\n -86.044921875,\n 38.74337300148126\n ],\n [\n -85.98724365234375,\n 38.736946065676\n ],\n [\n -85.90484619140625,\n 38.71980474264239\n ],\n [\n -85.814208984375,\n 38.69622870885282\n ],\n [\n -85.75653076171875,\n 38.69622870885282\n ],\n [\n -85.69061279296875,\n 38.71980474264239\n ],\n [\n -85.63018798828125,\n 38.739088441876866\n ],\n [\n -85.58074951171875,\n 38.777640223073355\n ],\n [\n -85.58624267578125,\n 38.89958342598271\n ],\n [\n -85.60272216796875,\n 38.929502416386605\n ],\n [\n -85.594482421875,\n 38.97862765746913\n ],\n [\n -85.60272216796875,\n 39.00851330385611\n ],\n [\n -85.6329345703125,\n 39.034119526392836\n ],\n [\n -85.60821533203125,\n 39.06184913429154\n ],\n [\n -85.54779052734375,\n 39.07890809706475\n ],\n [\n -85.52032470703125,\n 39.14710270770074\n ],\n [\n -85.53680419921875,\n 39.191819549771694\n ],\n [\n -85.53680419921875,\n 39.234380580544276\n ],\n [\n -85.550537109375,\n 39.27266344858914\n ],\n [\n -85.53955078125,\n 39.33429742980725\n ],\n [\n -85.3912353515625,\n 39.45528185347343\n ],\n [\n -85.25115966796875,\n 39.552765371831015\n ],\n [\n -85.25115966796875,\n 39.620499321968104\n ],\n [\n -85.2593994140625,\n 39.65857056750545\n ],\n [\n -85.24841308593749,\n 39.71352536237346\n ],\n [\n -85.111083984375,\n 39.83385008019448\n ],\n [\n -85.09735107421875,\n 39.88023492849342\n ],\n [\n -85.04241943359375,\n 39.91394967016644\n ],\n [\n -84.98199462890625,\n 39.9602803542957\n ],\n [\n -84.9188232421875,\n 40.006579667838636\n ],\n [\n -84.891357421875,\n 40.04654018618778\n ],\n [\n -84.87487792968749,\n 40.069664523297774\n ],\n [\n -84.85015869140625,\n 40.094882122321174\n ],\n [\n -84.81994628906249,\n 40.17467622056341\n ],\n [\n -84.8309326171875,\n 40.24808787647333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef449","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crawford, Charles G. 0000-0003-1653-7841 cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-7841","contributorId":1064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Charles","email":"cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lydy, Michael J. 0000-0003-1633-2109","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1633-2109","contributorId":75969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lydy","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":196830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frey, Jeffrey W. 0000-0002-3453-5009 jwfrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3453-5009","contributorId":487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frey","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jwfrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":32026,"text":"ofr96595 - 1996 - Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-18T20:10:14.559713","indexId":"ofr96595","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-595","title":"Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May 1996","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96595","usgsCitation":"Mattie, J.A., Metz, P.A., and Torres, A.E., 1996, Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-595, 1 Plate: 24.38 × 31.51 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96595.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 24.38 × 31.51 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":391879,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19398.htm"},{"id":60182,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0595/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83,\n 26.5\n ],\n [\n -81.25,\n 26.5\n ],\n [\n -81.25,\n 28.25\n ],\n [\n -83,\n 28.25\n ],\n [\n -83,\n 26.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682eb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattie, J. A.","contributorId":86392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattie","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metz, P. A.","contributorId":68706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metz","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Torres, A. E.","contributorId":94350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":32025,"text":"ofr96594 - 1996 - Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, west-central Florida, May 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:10","indexId":"ofr96594","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-594","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, west-central Florida, May 1996","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr96594","usgsCitation":"Mattie, J.A., Metz, P.A., and Torres, A.E., 1996, Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, west-central Florida, May 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-594, 1 over-size sheet. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96594.","productDescription":"1 over-size sheet. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":60181,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0594/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682f0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattie, J. A.","contributorId":86392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattie","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metz, P. A.","contributorId":68706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metz","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Torres, A. E.","contributorId":94350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":32001,"text":"ofr96287 - 1996 - Aeromagnetic map of the Long Beach 1:100,000 scale-quadrangle, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:10","indexId":"ofr96287","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-287","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Long Beach 1:100,000 scale-quadrangle, California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr96287","usgsCitation":"Langenheim, V., and Jachens, R., 1996, Aeromagnetic map of the Long Beach 1:100,000 scale-quadrangle, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-287, 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:100,000 (1 inch = about 1.6 miles). , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96287.","productDescription":"1 over-size sheet, scale 1:100,000 (1 inch = about 1.6 miles). ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":60157,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0287/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691ebe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":207428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jachens, R.C.","contributorId":55433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29868,"text":"wri964155 - 1996 - Hydrology, chemical quality, and characterization of salinity in the Navajo Aquifer in and near the Greater Aneth Oil Field, San Juan County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:59","indexId":"wri964155","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4155","title":"Hydrology, chemical quality, and characterization of salinity in the Navajo Aquifer in and near the Greater Aneth Oil Field, San Juan County, Utah","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964155","usgsCitation":"Spangler, L., Naftz, D.L., and Peterman, Z.E., 1996, Hydrology, chemical quality, and characterization of salinity in the Navajo Aquifer in and near the Greater Aneth Oil Field, San Juan County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4155, vi, 90 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964155.","productDescription":"vi, 90 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110274,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48500.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"48500"},{"id":121643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4155/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58677,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4155/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58678,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4155/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4885e4b07f02db51938e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spangler, L.E.","contributorId":54230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spangler","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naftz, D. L.","contributorId":40624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterman, Z. E.","contributorId":63781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26086,"text":"wri964260 - 1996 - Evaluation of preservation methods for selected nutrients in ground water at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri964260","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4260","title":"Evaluation of preservation methods for selected nutrients in ground water at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964260","usgsCitation":"Bartholomay, R.C., and Williams, L.M., 1996, Evaluation of preservation methods for selected nutrients in ground water at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4260, iv, 16 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964260.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4260/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54855,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4260/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fac2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomay, R. C.","contributorId":66271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, L. M.","contributorId":63045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25993,"text":"wri964179 - 1996 - Estimation of ground-water discharge to streams in the central Savannah River basin of Georgia and South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-27T13:38:39","indexId":"wri964179","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4179","title":"Estimation of ground-water discharge to streams in the central Savannah River basin of Georgia and South Carolina","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964179","usgsCitation":"Atkins, J., Journey, C., and Clarke, J., 1996, Estimation of ground-water discharge to streams in the central Savannah River basin of Georgia and South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4179, v, 36 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964179.","productDescription":"v, 36 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54740,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4179/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118791,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4179/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":13459,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wrir96-4179/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Savannah River basin","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-81.1943,33.1231],[-81.1685,33.0945],[-81.0967,33.0495],[-81.0781,33.029],[-81.0584,33.0177],[-81.0545,32.9917],[-81.0436,32.989],[-81.0157,32.9576],[-80.9862,32.9034],[-80.967,32.8888],[-80.96,32.8761],[-80.943,32.8733],[-80.9098,32.8424],[-80.8983,32.8264],[-80.894,32.8082],[-80.8744,32.7877],[-80.8597,32.7549],[-80.8504,32.7435],[-80.8488,32.7285],[-80.8265,32.7038],[-80.8374,32.6998],[-80.9029,32.6215],[-80.9617,32.6461],[-80.9595,32.6539],[-80.9475,32.6625],[-80.9464,32.6885],[-80.9633,32.6967],[-80.9786,32.7117],[-80.9824,32.7217],[-81.0151,32.7532],[-81.1578,32.6456],[-81.2029,32.6132],[-81.2224,32.604],[-81.2789,32.5579],[-81.2866,32.5567],[-81.2898,32.564],[-81.2958,32.5592],[-81.297,32.5656],[-81.3172,32.5631],[-81.3393,32.5673],[-81.3548,32.5764],[-81.3541,32.5821],[-81.3647,32.5815],[-81.364,32.5866],[-81.3705,32.5926],[-81.378,32.5908],[-81.3861,32.5956],[-81.5385,32.5092],[-81.5497,32.4921],[-81.5626,32.4977],[-81.5615,32.5018],[-81.5776,32.5116],[-81.5885,32.5126],[-81.5967,32.5068],[-81.6156,32.5157],[-81.6171,32.5252],[-81.6274,32.5245],[-81.6322,32.5304],[-81.6403,32.5324],[-81.6486,32.5279],[-81.6565,32.5403],[-81.6615,32.5367],[-81.676,32.5474],[-81.6885,32.5466],[-81.7078,32.5655],[-81.7176,32.5661],[-81.7299,32.5744],[-81.733,32.5863],[-81.7385,32.5863],[-81.754,32.6016],[-81.7616,32.6007],[-81.7686,32.6081],[-81.7762,32.6086],[-81.7837,32.6151],[-81.782,32.621],[-81.7939,32.6293],[-81.7993,32.628],[-81.803,32.6376],[-81.8002,32.6403],[-81.804,32.6444],[-81.8192,32.6464],[-81.8267,32.6529],[-81.9999,32.6076],[-82.0826,32.6634],[-82.1447,32.8124],[-82.1496,32.8147],[-82.2152,32.8047],[-82.2244,32.8125],[-82.2397,32.8126],[-82.2544,32.8186],[-82.2565,32.8241],[-82.2674,32.8251],[-82.2718,32.8219],[-82.3088,32.8294],[-82.3159,32.8349],[-82.3114,32.8463],[-82.3164,32.8358],[-82.3257,32.8414],[-82.3465,32.8274],[-82.352,32.8283],[-82.3624,32.8161],[-82.3946,32.8167],[-82.4187,32.8114],[-82.4193,32.8023],[-82.4117,32.7963],[-82.408,32.784],[-82.3987,32.7826],[-82.3998,32.7762],[-82.4108,32.7685],[-82.4173,32.7704],[-82.4294,32.7618],[-82.4615,32.7701],[-82.5093,32.8077],[-82.5261,32.8333],[-82.5108,32.9174],[-82.538,32.9462],[-82.5501,33.0196],[-82.56,33.015],[-82.5785,33.0288],[-82.5982,33.0334],[-82.6041,33.0448],[-82.6162,33.0503],[-82.6139,33.0608],[-82.6281,33.0649],[-82.627,33.0722],[-82.6406,33.0836],[-82.6384,33.1009],[-82.6477,33.1032],[-82.652,33.1146],[-82.6618,33.1251],[-82.6519,33.126],[-82.6416,33.1214],[-82.6405,33.1241],[-82.5906,33.1239],[-82.5808,33.1194],[-82.5774,33.1243],[-82.5796,33.1403],[-82.5735,33.1544],[-82.5833,33.1612],[-82.5843,33.1717],[-82.4317,33.2752],[-82.3842,33.3123],[-82.3551,33.3121],[-82.0296,33.5444],[-82.0143,33.5332],[-81.5751,33.8751],[-81.5468,33.8593],[-81.5333,33.8348],[-81.5044,33.809],[-81.4601,33.7988],[-81.4318,33.7748],[-81.4323,33.7611],[-81.425,33.7439],[-81.4111,33.733],[-81.3758,33.7245],[-81.367,33.7295],[-81.3388,33.7214],[-81.31,33.7101],[-81.2978,33.7006],[-81.2724,33.6957],[-81.1873,33.6526],[-81.373,33.4907],[-81.3047,33.48],[-81.2463,33.4442],[-81.2198,33.4393],[-81.2148,33.3902],[-81.2215,33.2295],[-81.2176,33.2209],[-81.224,33.1581],[-81.2119,33.1476],[-81.2069,33.1344],[-81.1943,33.1231]],[[-81.7575,33.1982],[-81.7577,33.1949],[-81.7575,33.1982]],[[-81.7609,33.1913],[-81.7655,33.1881],[-81.7609,33.1913]],[[-81.7016,33.117],[-81.6851,33.1135],[-81.7016,33.117]],[[-81.6621,33.1046],[-81.6569,33.1009],[-81.6621,33.1046]],[[-81.5999,33.085],[-81.5978,33.0821],[-81.5999,33.085]],[[-81.598,33.0796],[-81.6009,33.0765],[-81.598,33.0796]],[[-81.5944,33.0721],[-81.5873,33.0717],[-81.5944,33.0721]],[[-81.579,33.0654],[-81.5764,33.0635],[-81.579,33.0654]],[[-81.5637,33.0606],[-81.5604,33.0582],[-81.5637,33.0606]],[[-81.5585,33.0555],[-81.5585,33.0555]],[[-81.78,33.216],[-81.7809,33.2201],[-81.78,33.216]],[[-81.7725,33.2198],[-81.7666,33.2131],[-81.7725,33.2198]],[[-82.1724,33.2969],[-82.1691,33.2964],[-82.1724,33.2969]],[[-82.1273,33.2547],[-82.1262,33.251],[-82.1273,33.2547]],[[-82.1093,33.2413],[-82.1077,33.2395],[-82.1093,33.2413]],[[-82.0754,33.2374],[-82.0715,33.2392],[-82.0754,33.2374]],[[-82.0244,33.2329],[-82.0194,33.2338],[-82.0244,33.2329]],[[-81.8835,33.2612],[-81.88120588235302,33.26021176470592],[-81.8835,33.2612]],[[-82.3436,33.3121],[-82.3409,33.3116],[-82.3436,33.3121]],[[-82.3255,33.3038],[-82.3255,33.3038]],[[-82.3168,33.2992],[-82.3168,33.2992]],[[-82.3141,33.2983],[-82.3113,33.2964],[-82.3141,33.2983]],[[-82.3097,33.2955],[-82.3097,33.2955]],[[-82.3053,33.2918],[-82.3031,33.2896],[-82.3053,33.2918]],[[-82.289,33.2745],[-82.2863,33.2735],[-82.289,33.2745]],[[-82.2857,33.2735],[-82.2857,33.2735]],[[-82.2732,33.268],[-82.2688,33.2675],[-82.2732,33.268]],[[-82.2682,33.2675],[-82.2682,33.2675]],[[-81.771,32.9114],[-81.771,32.9114]],[[-81.7768,32.9219],[-81.7768,32.9219]],[[-81.7849,32.9284],[-81.7849,32.9284]],[[-81.7898,32.9298],[-81.7898,32.9298]],[[-81.7925,32.9303],[-81.7925,32.9303]],[[-81.7969,32.9335],[-81.7969,32.9335]],[[-81.7985,32.934],[-81.7985,32.934]],[[-81.8001,32.9349],[-81.8001,32.9349]],[[-81.8083,32.9346],[-81.8083,32.9346]],[[-81.81285555555556,32.9364],[-81.81285555555556,32.9364]],[[-81.8153,32.9415],[-81.8153,32.9415]],[[-81.8164,32.9437],[-81.8164,32.9437]],[[-81.8218,32.9456],[-81.8218,32.9456]],[[-81.82702727272728,32.94321818181818],[-81.82702727272728,32.94321818181818]],[[-81.829,32.9425],[-81.829,32.9425]],[[-81.8361,32.9444],[-81.8388,32.9449],[-81.8361,32.9444]],[[-81.84385555555556,32.9481],[-81.84385555555556,32.9481]],[[-81.8453,32.9486],[-81.8453,32.9486]],[[-81.8475,32.9491],[-81.8475,32.9491]],[[-81.8497,32.9496],[-81.8497,32.9496]],[[-81.8513,32.95],[-81.8513,32.95]],[[-81.8546,32.9505],[-81.8562,32.9524],[-81.8546,32.9505]],[[-82.2324,33.2313],[-82.2324,33.2313]],[[-82.24558539325844,33.24490337078652],[-82.24558539325844,33.24490337078652]],[[-82.25678235294117,33.26030882352941],[-82.25678235294117,33.26030882352941]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Burke\",\"state\":\"GA\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb2f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atkins, J.B.","contributorId":63842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkins","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Journey, C.A. 0000-0002-2284-5851","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":106158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clarke, J.S.","contributorId":89526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":22411,"text":"ofr96658 - 1996 - A field and laboratory procedure to desorb coal bed gases from drill core and cuttings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:05","indexId":"ofr96658","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-658","title":"A field and laboratory procedure to desorb coal bed gases from drill core and cuttings","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96658","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Barker, C., and Mirzoyan, E., 1996, A field and laboratory procedure to desorb coal bed gases from drill core and cuttings: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-658, i, 16 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96658.","productDescription":"i, 16 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155609,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0658/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51956,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0658/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aecb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barker, C.E.","contributorId":69991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"C.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mirzoyan, Eleonora","contributorId":58675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirzoyan","given":"Eleonora","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22546,"text":"ofr96500 - 1996 - Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":22546,"text":"ofr96500 - 1996 - Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska","indexId":"ofr96500","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"title":"Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":5739,"text":"pp1581 - 1997 - Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska","indexId":"pp1581","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":5739,"text":"pp1581 - 1997 - Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska","indexId":"pp1581","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:04","indexId":"ofr96500","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-500","title":"Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska","docAbstract":"The Copper River, located in southcentral Alaska, drains an area of more than 24,000 square miles. About 30 miles above its mouth, this large river enters Miles Lake, a proglacial lake formed by the retreat of Miles Glacier. Downstream from the outlet of Miles Lake, the Copper River flows past the face of Childs Glacier before it enters a large, broad, alluvial flood plain. The Copper River Highway traverses this flood plain and in 1996, 11 bridges were located along this section of the highway. These bridges cross parts or all of the Copper River and in recent years, some of these bridges have sustained serious damage due to the changing course of the Copper River. Although the annual mean discharge of the lower Copper River is 57,400 cubic feet per second, most of the flow occurs during the summer months from snowmelt, rainfall, and glacial melt. Approximately every six years, an outburst flood from Van Cleve Lake, a glacier-dammed lake formed by Miles Glacier, releases approximately 1 million acre-feet of water into the Copper River. At the peak outflow rate from Van Cleve Lake, the flow of the Copper River will increase an additional 140,000 and 190,000 cubic feet per second. Bedload sampling and continuous seismic reflection were used to show that Miles Lake traps virtually all the bedload being transported by the Copper River as it enters the lake from the north. The reservoir-like effect of Miles Lake results in the armoring of the channel of the Copper River downstream from Miles Lakes, past Childs Glacier, until it reaches the alluvial flood plain. At this point, bedload transport begins again. The lower Copper River transports 69 million tons per year of suspended sediment, approximately the same quantity as the Yukon River, which drains an area of more than 300,000 square miles. By correlating concurrent flows from a long-term streamflow- gaging station on the Copper River with a short-term streamflow-gaging station at the outlet of Miles Lake, long-term flow characteristics of the lower Copper River were synthesized. Historical discharge and cross-section data indicate that as late as 1970, most of the flow of the lower Copper River was through the first three bridges of the Copper River Highway as it begins to traverse the alluvial flood plain. In the mid 1980's, a percentage of the flow had shifted away from these three bridges and in 1995, only 51 percent of the flow of the Copper River passed through them. Eight different years of aerial photography of the lower Copper River were analyzed using Geographical Information System techniques. This analysis indicated that no major channel changes were caused by the 1964 earthquake. A flood in 1981 that had a recurrence interval of more than 100 years caused significant channel changes in the lower Copper River. A probability analysis of the lower Copper River indicated stable areas and the long-term locations of channels. By knowing the number of times a particular area has been occupied by water and the last year an area was occupied by water, areas of instability can be located. A Markov analysis of the lower Copper River indicated that the tendency of the flood plain is to remain in its current state. Large floods of the magnitude of the 1981 event are believed to be the cause of major changes in the lower Copper River.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96500","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 1996, Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-500, 123 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96500.","productDescription":"123 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156039,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0500/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52039,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0500/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c2e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, T. P.","contributorId":103289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23422,"text":"ofr96350 - 1996 - Assessment of scour-critical data collected at selected bridges and culverts in South Carolina, 1990-92","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T13:16:57","indexId":"ofr96350","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-350","title":"Assessment of scour-critical data collected at selected bridges and culverts in South Carolina, 1990-92","docAbstract":"Data at bridges and culverts were collected at 3,506 stream crossings in South Carolina during 1990-92. The data include general information unique to the structure; structural data; and hydraulic, geomorphic, and vegetation information. The data are stored in the U.S. Geological Survey South Carolina District Bridge-Scour Data Base. Observed- and potential-scour indexes were computed from the applicable data variables. Sites with observed-scour indexes exceeding ten and (or) potential-scour indexes exceeding 20 are considered to have significant scour-related problems. Of the 3,506 sites inspected, 257 sites had an observed-scour index exceeding ten, 214 sites had a potential-scour index exceeding 20, and 85 sites had observed- and potential-scour indexes exceeding both threshold values.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96350","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hurley, N., 1996, Assessment of scour-critical data collected at selected bridges and culverts in South Carolina, 1990-92: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-350, vi, 119 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96350.","productDescription":"vi, 119 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0350/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52751,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0350/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-79.290754,33.110051],[-79.329909,33.089986],[-79.337169,33.072302],[-79.335346,33.065362],[-79.339313,33.050336],[-79.359961,33.006672],[-79.403712,33.003903],[-79.416515,33.006815],[-79.423447,33.015085],[-79.483499,33.001265],[-79.488727,33.015832],[-79.506923,33.032813],[-79.522449,33.03535],[-79.55756,33.021269],[-79.580725,33.006447],[-79.58659,32.991334],[-79.606615,32.972248],[-79.617611,32.952726],[-79.617715,32.94487],[-79.606194,32.925953],[-79.585897,32.926461],[-79.581687,32.931341],[-79.572614,32.933885],[-79.569762,32.926692],[-79.576006,32.906235],[-79.631149,32.888606],[-79.695141,32.850398],[-79.702956,32.835781],[-79.719879,32.825796],[-79.716761,32.813627],[-79.726389,32.805996],[-79.811021,32.77696],[-79.818237,32.766352],[-79.84035,32.756816],[-79.848527,32.755248],[-79.866742,32.757422],[-79.872232,32.752128],[-79.873605,32.745657],[-79.868352,32.734849],[-79.870336,32.727777],[-79.888028,32.695177],[-79.884961,32.684402],[-79.915682,32.664915],[-79.968468,32.639732],[-79.975248,32.639537],[-79.986917,32.626388],[-79.99175,32.616389],[-79.999374,32.611851],[-80.010505,32.608852],[-80.037276,32.610236],[-80.077039,32.603319],[-80.121368,32.590523],[-80.148406,32.578479],[-80.167286,32.559885],[-80.171764,32.546118],[-80.188401,32.553604],[-80.20523,32.555547],[-80.246361,32.531114],[-80.277681,32.516161],[-80.332438,32.478104],[-80.338354,32.47873],[-80.343883,32.490795],[-80.363956,32.496098],[-80.380716,32.486359],[-80.386827,32.47881],[-80.392561,32.475332],[-80.413487,32.470672],[-80.417896,32.476076],[-80.418502,32.490894],[-80.423454,32.497989],[-80.439407,32.503472],[-80.452078,32.497286],[-80.46571,32.4953],[-80.472068,32.496964],[-80.48025,32.477407],[-80.484617,32.460976],[-80.480156,32.447048],[-80.467588,32.425259],[-80.446075,32.423721],[-80.43296,32.410659],[-80.429941,32.401782],[-80.429291,32.389667],[-80.434303,32.375193],[-80.445451,32.350335],[-80.456814,32.336884],[-80.455192,32.326458],[-80.466342,32.31917],[-80.517871,32.298796],[-80.545688,32.282076],[-80.571096,32.273278],[-80.596394,32.273549],[-80.618286,32.260183],[-80.638857,32.255618],[-80.658634,32.248638],[-80.669166,32.216783],[-80.688857,32.200971],[-80.721463,32.160427],[-80.749091,32.140137],[-80.789996,32.122494],[-80.812503,32.109746],[-80.82153,32.108589],[-80.828394,32.113222],[-80.831531,32.112709],[-80.844431,32.109709],[-80.858735,32.099581],[-80.905378,32.051943],[-80.892344,32.043764],[-80.885517,32.0346],[-80.922794,32.039151],[-80.954482,32.068622],[-80.983133,32.079609],[-80.994333,32.094608],[-81.002297,32.100048],[-81.011961,32.100176],[-81.021622,32.090897],[-81.032674,32.08545],[-81.050234,32.085308],[-81.060442,32.087503],[-81.088234,32.10395],[-81.091498,32.110782],[-81.111134,32.112005],[-81.117234,32.117605],[-81.119994,32.134268],[-81.118334,32.144403],[-81.122034,32.161803],[-81.129634,32.165602],[-81.128134,32.169102],[-81.119434,32.175402],[-81.120434,32.178702],[-81.118234,32.189201],[-81.12315,32.201329],[-81.128283,32.208634],[-81.136012,32.212858],[-81.143139,32.221731],[-81.156587,32.24391],[-81.148334,32.255098],[-81.145834,32.263397],[-81.136534,32.272697],[-81.128034,32.276297],[-81.119633,32.287596],[-81.122333,32.305395],[-81.137633,32.328194],[-81.133032,32.334794],[-81.133632,32.341293],[-81.142532,32.350893],[-81.147632,32.349393],[-81.150589,32.34587],[-81.154,32.345924],[-81.155032,32.350093],[-81.170126,32.361318],[-81.169332,32.369436],[-81.181072,32.380398],[-81.178131,32.38459],[-81.177231,32.39169],[-81.20513,32.423788],[-81.20843,32.435987],[-81.201595,32.44136],[-81.202359,32.450448],[-81.192629,32.456286],[-81.186829,32.464086],[-81.194829,32.465086],[-81.200029,32.467985],[-81.233585,32.498488],[-81.238728,32.508896],[-81.234834,32.512271],[-81.23466,32.51627],[-81.252882,32.51833],[-81.277131,32.535417],[-81.274927,32.544158],[-81.281298,32.55644],[-81.297955,32.563026],[-81.320588,32.559534],[-81.328753,32.561228],[-81.366964,32.577059],[-81.369757,32.591231],[-81.373178,32.592115],[-81.379216,32.589022],[-81.389261,32.595383],[-81.393865,32.60234],[-81.411906,32.61841],[-81.41866,32.629392],[-81.418431,32.634704],[-81.414761,32.63744],[-81.41026,32.631392],[-81.407271,32.631737],[-81.402846,32.63621],[-81.405109,32.64269],[-81.393033,32.651543],[-81.398314,32.656307],[-81.405273,32.656517],[-81.407193,32.660519],[-81.401029,32.677494],[-81.40831,32.694908],[-81.4131,32.692648],[-81.427517,32.701896],[-81.421194,32.711978],[-81.418542,32.732586],[-81.411549,32.740145],[-81.410281,32.744653],[-81.416198,32.750428],[-81.415212,32.757753],[-81.417606,32.762684],[-81.426481,32.769023],[-81.425636,32.77184],[-81.421269,32.774658],[-81.421128,32.778039],[-81.428313,32.78311],[-81.429017,32.785505],[-81.424999,32.790334],[-81.423772,32.810514],[-81.419752,32.813731],[-81.417984,32.818196],[-81.421614,32.835178],[-81.426475,32.840773],[-81.444866,32.850967],[-81.451199,32.847925],[-81.453949,32.849761],[-81.455978,32.854107],[-81.451351,32.868583],[-81.45392,32.874074],[-81.475918,32.877641],[-81.479445,32.881082],[-81.4771,32.887469],[-81.464069,32.897814],[-81.479184,32.905638],[-81.483198,32.921802],[-81.502427,32.935353],[-81.502716,32.938688],[-81.499446,32.944988],[-81.507045,32.951194],[-81.508536,32.957156],[-81.506449,32.962423],[-81.49983,32.963816],[-81.494736,32.978998],[-81.491197,32.997824],[-81.492253,33.009342],[-81.50203,33.015113],[-81.511245,33.027786],[-81.519632,33.029181],[-81.538789,33.039185],[-81.544258,33.046905],[-81.553643,33.044137],[-81.557013,33.0451],[-81.559179,33.047386],[-81.560502,33.055207],[-81.57288,33.05418],[-81.588539,33.07085],[-81.594555,33.069887],[-81.599248,33.071813],[-81.600211,33.075182],[-81.598165,33.081078],[-81.601655,33.084688],[-81.608995,33.0818],[-81.609476,33.089862],[-81.612725,33.093953],[-81.617779,33.095277],[-81.637232,33.092952],[-81.646433,33.094552],[-81.658433,33.103152],[-81.683533,33.112651],[-81.696934,33.116551],[-81.704634,33.116451],[-81.743835,33.14145],[-81.763135,33.159449],[-81.766735,33.170749],[-81.772435,33.180449],[-81.765735,33.187948],[-81.760635,33.189248],[-81.756935,33.197848],[-81.763535,33.203648],[-81.768935,33.217447],[-81.774035,33.221147],[-81.780135,33.221147],[-81.777535,33.211347],[-81.784535,33.208147],[-81.805236,33.211447],[-81.807936,33.213747],[-81.809636,33.222647],[-81.827936,33.228746],[-81.837016,33.237652],[-81.846536,33.241746],[-81.851979,33.247382],[-81.853137,33.250745],[-81.847336,33.266345],[-81.840078,33.26704],[-81.838257,33.272975],[-81.844036,33.278644],[-81.851836,33.283544],[-81.861336,33.286244],[-81.863236,33.288844],[-81.861536,33.297944],[-81.849636,33.299544],[-81.846136,33.303843],[-81.847296,33.306783],[-81.867936,33.314043],[-81.875836,33.307443],[-81.884137,33.310443],[-81.886637,33.316943],[-81.897329,33.322331],[-81.896937,33.327642],[-81.900301,33.331117],[-81.906444,33.324181],[-81.909285,33.324181],[-81.919137,33.334442],[-81.917973,33.34159],[-81.924737,33.345341],[-81.932737,33.343541],[-81.939737,33.344941],[-81.934837,33.356041],[-81.944737,33.364041],[-81.946337,33.37064],[-81.939637,33.37254],[-81.930634,33.368165],[-81.925737,33.37114],[-81.924837,33.37414],[-81.930861,33.380076],[-81.936961,33.404197],[-81.92306,33.408266],[-81.920121,33.410753],[-81.91933,33.415613],[-81.924893,33.419307],[-81.927241,33.422846],[-81.926789,33.426576],[-81.924981,33.429288],[-81.916236,33.433114],[-81.913356,33.437418],[-81.913532,33.441274],[-81.926336,33.462937],[-81.934136,33.468337],[-81.985938,33.486536],[-81.990938,33.494235],[-81.991938,33.504435],[-82.001338,33.520135],[-82.007138,33.522835],[-82.011538,33.531735],[-82.019838,33.535035],[-82.028238,33.544934],[-82.033023,33.546454],[-82.037375,33.554662],[-82.046335,33.56383],[-82.057727,33.566774],[-82.073104,33.57751],[-82.094128,33.582742],[-82.10624,33.595637],[-82.115328,33.596501],[-82.12908,33.589925],[-82.142872,33.594278],[-82.148816,33.598092],[-82.156288,33.60863],[-82.174351,33.613117],[-82.186154,33.62088],[-82.196583,33.630582],[-82.201186,33.646898],[-82.200718,33.66464],[-82.208411,33.669872],[-82.216868,33.6844],[-82.234576,33.700216],[-82.237192,33.70788],[-82.235753,33.71439],[-82.239098,33.730872],[-82.247472,33.752591],[-82.255267,33.75969],[-82.263206,33.761962],[-82.266127,33.766745],[-82.277681,33.772032],[-82.285804,33.780058],[-82.298286,33.783518],[-82.300213,33.800627],[-82.313339,33.809205],[-82.32448,33.820033],[-82.346933,33.834298],[-82.371775,33.843813],[-82.37975,33.851086],[-82.395736,33.859089],[-82.403881,33.865477],[-82.422803,33.863754],[-82.43115,33.867051],[-82.440503,33.875123],[-82.455105,33.88165],[-82.480111,33.901897],[-82.492929,33.909754],[-82.50764,33.931456],[-82.51295,33.936969],[-82.524515,33.94336],[-82.534111,33.943651],[-82.543128,33.940949],[-82.556835,33.945353],[-82.564531,33.955741],[-82.568288,33.968772],[-82.579576,33.979761],[-82.580571,33.98514],[-82.575351,33.990904],[-82.576222,33.993106],[-82.583394,33.995286],[-82.589245,34.000118],[-82.595655,34.016118],[-82.594555,34.028717],[-82.609655,34.039917],[-82.626963,34.063457],[-82.630972,34.065528],[-82.635991,34.064941],[-82.64398,34.072237],[-82.645661,34.076046],[-82.640345,34.086304],[-82.641553,34.092212],[-82.648184,34.098649],[-82.658561,34.103118],[-82.666879,34.113591],[-82.668113,34.12016],[-82.67732,34.131657],[-82.68629,34.134454],[-82.692152,34.138986],[-82.70414,34.141007],[-82.717507,34.150504],[-82.723312,34.165895],[-82.731881,34.178363],[-82.732761,34.195338],[-82.74192,34.210063],[-82.740447,34.219679],[-82.744415,34.224913],[-82.74198,34.230196],[-82.744834,34.242957],[-82.744056,34.252407],[-82.748756,34.263407],[-82.746656,34.266407],[-82.755028,34.276067],[-82.770928,34.285402],[-82.780308,34.296701],[-82.781752,34.302901],[-82.78684,34.310381],[-82.794054,34.339772],[-82.835004,34.366069],[-82.836611,34.382676],[-82.841524,34.39013],[-82.841326,34.397332],[-82.847446,34.412049],[-82.848651,34.423844],[-82.854434,34.432275],[-82.855762,34.443977],[-82.860874,34.451469],[-82.860707,34.457428],[-82.875463,34.463503],[-82.876464,34.465803],[-82.873831,34.471508],[-82.876864,34.475303],[-82.902665,34.485902],[-82.922866,34.481402],[-82.928466,34.484202],[-82.940867,34.486102],[-82.947367,34.479602],[-82.954667,34.477302],[-82.960668,34.482002],[-82.979568,34.482702],[-82.992215,34.479198],[-82.995279,34.475648],[-82.99509,34.472483],[-83.002924,34.472132],[-83.029315,34.484147],[-83.034712,34.483495],[-83.043771,34.488816],[-83.054463,34.50289],[-83.069451,34.502131],[-83.087189,34.515939],[-83.077995,34.523746],[-83.087789,34.532078],[-83.102179,34.532179],[-83.103987,34.540166],[-83.122901,34.560129],[-83.129676,34.561699],[-83.152577,34.578299],[-83.154577,34.588198],[-83.170278,34.592398],[-83.169994,34.605444],[-83.179439,34.60802],[-83.196979,34.605998],[-83.199779,34.608398],[-83.211598,34.610905],[-83.23178,34.611297],[-83.243381,34.617997],[-83.240676,34.624307],[-83.255281,34.637696],[-83.271982,34.641896],[-83.292883,34.654196],[-83.300848,34.66247],[-83.301477,34.666582],[-83.304641,34.669561],[-83.316401,34.669316],[-83.321463,34.677543],[-83.330284,34.681342],[-83.336207,34.680534],[-83.33869,34.682002],[-83.340383,34.688998],[-83.349975,34.699155],[-83.347718,34.705474],[-83.352485,34.715993],[-83.353238,34.728648],[-83.348829,34.737194],[-83.338666,34.742295],[-83.320062,34.759616],[-83.319945,34.773725],[-83.323866,34.789712],[-83.313782,34.799911],[-83.301182,34.804008],[-83.302395,34.813241],[-83.294292,34.814725],[-83.289914,34.824477],[-83.275656,34.816862],[-83.268159,34.821393],[-83.267293,34.832748],[-83.269982,34.837196],[-83.267656,34.845289],[-83.254605,34.846402],[-83.252582,34.853483],[-83.24722,34.85844],[-83.245602,34.865522],[-83.240847,34.866736],[-83.238419,34.869771],[-83.239081,34.875661],[-83.22924,34.879907],[-83.220099,34.878124],[-83.213323,34.882796],[-83.205627,34.880142],[-83.201183,34.884653],[-83.204572,34.890284],[-83.203351,34.893717],[-83.186541,34.899534],[-83.168524,34.91788],[-83.160937,34.918269],[-83.153253,34.926342],[-83.140621,34.924915],[-83.130554,34.930932],[-83.129493,34.937402],[-83.121112,34.939129],[-83.121214,34.942684],[-83.126761,34.948742],[-83.127035,34.953778],[-83.12114,34.958966],[-83.120387,34.968406],[-83.106991,34.98272],[-83.1046,34.992783],[-83.108535,35.000771],[-82.787867,35.085024],[-82.783283,35.0856],[-82.776357,35.081349],[-82.781973,35.066817],[-82.777376,35.064143],[-82.764464,35.068177],[-82.757704,35.068019],[-82.754162,35.069629],[-82.749491,35.078487],[-82.738379,35.079453],[-82.729683,35.087827],[-82.72701,35.094142],[-82.715297,35.092943],[-82.703916,35.097651],[-82.694898,35.098456],[-82.688456,35.106347],[-82.691194,35.114721],[-82.68604,35.124545],[-82.683625,35.125833],[-82.676861,35.12535],[-82.669614,35.118103],[-82.662381,35.118123],[-82.642237,35.129215],[-82.629031,35.126155],[-82.621185,35.134635],[-82.609706,35.139039],[-82.59814,35.137729],[-82.59243,35.139002],[-82.588158,35.142928],[-82.578316,35.142104],[-82.569912,35.145268],[-82.563767,35.151575],[-82.556168,35.151736],[-82.554227,35.156911],[-82.550508,35.159498],[-82.540483,35.160306],[-82.529973,35.155617],[-82.521403,35.158851],[-82.516044,35.163442],[-82.495506,35.164312],[-82.483937,35.173798],[-82.476136,35.175486],[-82.467991,35.174633],[-82.460092,35.178143],[-82.455609,35.177425],[-82.452987,35.17469],[-82.451201,35.16526],[-82.439595,35.165863],[-82.435689,35.167715],[-82.424461,35.193092],[-82.419744,35.198613],[-82.403348,35.204473],[-82.39293,35.215402],[-82.384029,35.210542],[-82.378744,35.198053],[-82.380903,35.189565],[-82.376808,35.184427],[-82.371298,35.181449],[-82.364299,35.184725],[-82.361469,35.190831],[-82.344554,35.193115],[-82.340133,35.189188],[-82.333934,35.190661],[-82.330779,35.189032],[-82.330549,35.186767],[-82.32335,35.184789],[-82.315871,35.190678],[-82.295354,35.194965],[-82.288453,35.198605],[-82.27492,35.200071],[-82.176874,35.19379],[-81.716259,35.178852],[-81.241686,35.160081],[-81.043625,35.149877],[-81.047826,35.143743],[-81.051037,35.131654],[-81.038968,35.126299],[-81.033005,35.113747],[-81.032806,35.108049],[-81.037369,35.102541],[-81.046524,35.100617],[-81.052078,35.096276],[-81.057236,35.086129],[-81.058029,35.07319],[-81.057648,35.062433],[-81.041489,35.044703],[-80.93495,35.107409],[-80.884887,35.05351],[-80.782042,34.935782],[-80.797543,34.819786],[-80.499788,34.817261],[-79.870693,34.805378],[-79.675299,34.804744],[-79.358317,34.545358],[-79.249763,34.449774],[-78.541087,33.851112],[-78.553944,33.847831],[-78.584841,33.844282],[-78.67226,33.817587],[-78.714116,33.800138],[-78.772737,33.768511],[-78.812931,33.743472],[-78.862931,33.705654],[-78.938076,33.639826],[-79.007356,33.566565],[-79.028516,33.533365],[-79.084588,33.483669],[-79.10136,33.461016],[-79.135441,33.403867],[-79.147496,33.378243],[-79.152035,33.350925],[-79.158429,33.332811],[-79.162332,33.327246],[-79.180318,33.254141],[-79.180563,33.237955],[-79.172394,33.206577],[-79.18787,33.173712],[-79.195631,33.166016],[-79.215453,33.155569],[-79.238262,33.137055],[-79.24609,33.124865],[-79.290754,33.110051]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"South Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671e98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hurley, N.M. Jr.","contributorId":57105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurley","given":"N.M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22438,"text":"ofr96701 - 1996 - Slope stability of proposed ski facilities at the southeast side of Snodgrass Mountain, Gunnison County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:07","indexId":"ofr96701","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-701","title":"Slope stability of proposed ski facilities at the southeast side of Snodgrass Mountain, Gunnison County, Colorado","docAbstract":"Part of the proposed expansion of ski facilities at Crested Butte Mountain Resort, Gunnison County, Colorado, is in an area underlain by landslide deposits that are on the southeast side of Snodgrass Mountain. Except for localized movement, the landslides do not appear to be moving at present or to have moved in the past several decades. Shallow sliding and debris flows have occurred in similar materials nearby and are likely to occur in the landslide deposits during the 50-100 year life of the proposed facilities. Hazards related to debris flow, shallow slumping, and expansive soils in the deposits can be reduced by appropriate engineering and remedial measures but maintenance for the proposed facility may become costly. Snow making is likely to aggravate the hazards of shallow slumping, deep-seated sliding, and debris flow. Reactivation and deep-seated movement of a 1.6-million-m3 slide at the east side of the deposits would damage or destroy a proposed gondola, ski lift N-3, and related facilities. Moving the gondola and lift off the slide and prohibiting snow making on the slide will protect the gondola and lift and reduce the chances of debris-flow damage to a proposed development near the toe of the slide. Insufficient data are available to assess the current or future stability of the landslides or to evaluate possible mitigation strategies; detailed stability analyses are needed before developing any facilities on the landslide deposits.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96701","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Baum, R.L., 1996, Slope stability of proposed ski facilities at the southeast side of Snodgrass Mountain, Gunnison County, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-701, 10 p. : maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96701.","productDescription":"10 p. : maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155646,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1493,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/701/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f0e4b07f02db5ee11c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22281,"text":"ofr96439 - 1996 - Water-resources activities of the Kentucky District, FY 1995-96","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:02","indexId":"ofr96439","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-439","title":"Water-resources activities of the Kentucky District, FY 1995-96","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, [1996]","doi":"10.3133/ofr96439","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Unthank, M.D., Maglothin, L., Mesko, T.O., and Haliday, A., 1996, Water-resources activities of the Kentucky District, FY 1995-96: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-439, 1 v. 8 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96439.","productDescription":"1 v. 8 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0439/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51704,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0439/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e5035","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Unthank, M. D. (compiler)","contributorId":89400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unthank","given":"M.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maglothin, L.S.","contributorId":69843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maglothin","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mesko, T. O.","contributorId":83934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesko","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haliday, A.C.","contributorId":49230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haliday","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":22113,"text":"ofr96536 - 1996 - Report for explosion data acquired in the 1994 Los Angeles Region Seismic Experiment (LARSE 94), Los Angeles, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:51","indexId":"ofr96536","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-536","title":"Report for explosion data acquired in the 1994 Los Angeles Region Seismic Experiment (LARSE 94), Los Angeles, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96536","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Murphy, J., Fuis, G., Ryberg, T., Okaya, D.A., Criley, E., Benthien, M., Alvarez, M., Asudeh, I., Kohler, W., Glassmoyer, G., Robertson, M., and Bhowmik, J., 1996, Report for explosion data acquired in the 1994 Los Angeles Region Seismic Experiment (LARSE 94), Los Angeles, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-536, 120 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96536.","productDescription":"120 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154683,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0536/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51556,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0536/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db633f89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, J.M.","contributorId":84760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuis, G. S.","contributorId":83131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"G. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryberg, Trond","contributorId":14806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryberg","given":"Trond","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Okaya, D. A.","contributorId":64280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okaya","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Criley, E.E.","contributorId":79498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Criley","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Benthien, M.L.","contributorId":20780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benthien","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Alvarez, Marcos","contributorId":68345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"Marcos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Asudeh, Isa","contributorId":66707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asudeh","given":"Isa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kohler, W.M.","contributorId":62999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohler","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Glassmoyer, G.N.","contributorId":67913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glassmoyer","given":"G.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Robertson, M.C.","contributorId":15228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Bhowmik, Joyjeet","contributorId":99175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bhowmik","given":"Joyjeet","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":25538,"text":"wri964170 - 1996 - Geology, hydrogeology, and potential of intrinsic bioremediation at the National Park Service Dockside II site and adjacent areas, Charleston, South Carolina, 1993-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-27T13:35:36","indexId":"wri964170","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4170","title":"Geology, hydrogeology, and potential of intrinsic bioremediation at the National Park Service Dockside II site and adjacent areas, Charleston, South Carolina, 1993-94","docAbstract":"A long history of industrial and commercial use of the National Park Service property and adjacent properties located in downtown Charleston, South Carolina, has caused extensive contamination of the shallow subsurface soils and water-table aquifer. The National Park Service property is located adjacent to a former manufactured-gas plant site, which is the major source of the contamination. Contamination of this shallow water-table aquifer is of concern because shallow ground water discharges to the Cooper River and contains contaminants, which may affect adjacent wildlife or human populations. The geology of the National Park Service property above the Ashley Formation of the Cooper Group consists of two Quaternary lithostratigraphic marine units, the Wando Formation and Holocene deposits, overlain by artificial fill. The Wando Formation overlies the Ashley Formation, a sandy calcareous clay, and consists of soft, organic clay overlain by gray sand. The Holocene deposits are composed of clayey to silty sand and soft organic-rich clay. The artificial fill, which was placed at the site to create dry land where salt marsh existed previously, is composed of sand, silt, and various scrap materials. The shallow hydrogeology of the National Park Service property overlying the Ashley Formation can be subdivided into two sandy aquifers separated by a leaky, black, organic-rich clay. The unconfined upper surficial aquifer is primarily artificial fill. The lower surficial aquifer consists of the Wando sand unit and is confined by the leaky organic-rich clay. Aquifer tests performed on the wells screened in these aquifers resulted in hydraulic conductivities from 0.1 to 10 feet per day for the upper surficial aquifer, and 16 feet per day for the lower surficial aquifer. Vertical hydraulic gradients at the site are typically low. A downward gradient from the upper surficial aquifer to the lower surficial aquifer occurs throughout most of the year. A brick-lined storm-water-drainage archway located in the study area is a conduit for the overflow of seawater into the surficial aquifer during exceptionally high tides. The efficiency of intrinsic bioremediation to reduce contaminant migration in the upper surficial aquifer at the National Park Service site was assessed to determine if, and at what concentrations, contaminants are being transported to the Cooper River. This assessment required incorporating hydrologic, geochemical, microbiologic, and demographic information into a predictive solute-transport model to determine rates of contaminant transport to the Cooper River. The transport of toluene and naphthalene was modeled as a surrogate for the transport of aromatic and other hydrocarbon compounds at the study area. Laboratory estimates of the adsorption coefficients for sediments of the upper surficial aquifer suggest preferential adsorption of naphthalene over toluene. The adsorption coefficient of naphthalene is at least two orders of magnitude greater than that determined for toluene. Laboratory microbial-biodegradation experiments indicate that microorganisms present in the shallow aquifer have the potential to degrade toluene under anaerobic and aerobic conditions, and naphthalene primarily under aerobic conditions. Rates of microbial biodegradation are similar for both compounds under aerobic conditions. Flow-model calibration to the January 1994 water-table surface of the upper surficial aquifer was achieved by specifying appropriate hydrogeologic boundary conditions and using hydraulic conductivity values determined in the field. The brick-lined storm-water drainage archway located in the study area was modeled to account for ground-water discharge through this drain. An exploratory modeling approach was used to evaluate the range of possible solutions that approximate the transport of contaminants to the observed distributions. Approximate toluene solute-transport conditions for January 1994 were estimated using velocity dist","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964170","usgsCitation":"Campbell, B.G., Petkewich, M., Landmeyer, J., and Chapelle, F.H., 1996, Geology, hydrogeology, and potential of intrinsic bioremediation at the National Park Service Dockside II site and adjacent areas, Charleston, South Carolina, 1993-94: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4170, viii, 69 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964170.","productDescription":"viii, 69 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54259,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4170/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4170/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","city":"Charleston","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.71307373046874,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.71307373046874,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.7103271484375,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.7103271484375,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.71307373046874,\n 35.67068501330236\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.07797241210938,\n 32.594841489447816\n ],\n [\n -80.07797241210938,\n 32.97583605773715\n ],\n [\n -79.73533630371094,\n 32.97583605773715\n ],\n [\n -79.73533630371094,\n 32.594841489447816\n ],\n [\n -80.07797241210938,\n 32.594841489447816\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c656","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, B. G.","contributorId":68764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petkewich, M.D.","contributorId":89927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petkewich","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landmeyer, J. E.","contributorId":91140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chapelle, F. H.","contributorId":101697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":23534,"text":"ofr96685 - 1996 - Alaska resource data file: Holy Cross quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-23T14:03:36.184368","indexId":"ofr96685","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-685","title":"Alaska resource data file: Holy Cross quadrangle","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96685","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Keith, W.J., and Miller, M., 1996, Alaska resource data file: Holy Cross quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-685, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96685.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1611,"rank":3,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":388921,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_37191.htm"},{"id":156080,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0685/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":486497,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0685/ofr19960685.pdf","size":"148 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Holy Cross quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -162,\n 62\n ],\n [\n -159,\n 62\n ],\n [\n -159,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -162,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -162,\n 62\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bf42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keith, W. J.","contributorId":41827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"W.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":89523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":190277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24380,"text":"ofr96666 - 1996 - Deep geoelectric structure for mineral resource assessment in the Payette National Forest, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:12","indexId":"ofr96666","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-666","title":"Deep geoelectric structure for mineral resource assessment in the Payette National Forest, Idaho","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96666","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Rodriquez, B., Stanley, W.D., and Heran, W., 1996, Deep geoelectric structure for mineral resource assessment in the Payette National Forest, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-666, 16 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96666.","productDescription":"16 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0666/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53477,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0666/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db67256f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodriquez, B.D.","contributorId":48998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriquez","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, W. D.","contributorId":86756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heran, W. D.","contributorId":19147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heran","given":"W. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24570,"text":"ofr96455 - 1996 - Documentation of programs used to determine a wetlands hydroperiod from model-simulated water-surface elevations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:00","indexId":"ofr96455","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-455","title":"Documentation of programs used to determine a wetlands hydroperiod from model-simulated water-surface elevations","docAbstract":"A technique has been developed to determine a wetlands hydroperiod by comparing simulated water levels from a ground-water flow model and land- surface elevation data through a geographic information system. The simulated water levels are compared with the land-surface elevation data to determine the height of the water surface above or below land surface for the area of interest. Finally, the hydroperiod is determined for established time periods using criteria specified by the user. The program application requires the use of geographic information system software (ARC/INFO), including the TIN and GRID subsystems of the software. The application consists of an ANSI compatible C program to translate ground- water data output from the U.S. Geological Survey modular three-dimensional, finite-difference, ground-water flow model (MODFLOW) into a format that can be used as input for the geographic information system programs (AML's). The application uses ARC/INFO AML programs and ARC/INFO menu interface programs to create digital spatial data layers of the land surface and water surface and to determine the hydroperiod. The technique can be used to evaluate and manage wetlands hydrology.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96455","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Sonenshein, R., 1996, Documentation of programs used to determine a wetlands hydroperiod from model-simulated water-surface elevations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-455, iii, 47 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96455.","productDescription":"iii, 47 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0455/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53619,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0455/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db63615e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sonenshein, R.S.","contributorId":10415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonenshein","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29603,"text":"wri964127 - 1996 - Water-use analysis program for the Neshaminy Creek basin, Bucks and Montgomery counties, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-13T10:33:17","indexId":"wri964127","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4127","title":"Water-use analysis program for the Neshaminy Creek basin, Bucks and Montgomery counties, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"

A water-use analysis computer program was developed for the Neshaminy Creek Basin to assist in managing and allocating water resources in the basin. The program was developed for IBM-compatible personal computers. Basin analysis and the methodologies developed for the Neshaminy Creek Basin can be transferred to other watersheds. The development and structure of the water-use analysis program is documented in this report. The report also serves as a user's guide. The program uses common relational database-management software that allows for water use-data input, editing, updating and output and can be used to generate a watershed water-use analysis report. The watershed-analysis report lists summations of public-supply well withdrawals; a combination of industrial, commercial, institutional, and ground-water irrigation well withdrawals; spray irrigation systems; a combination of public, industrial, and private surface-water withdrawals; wastewater-tratement-facility dishcarges; estimates of aggregate domestic ground-water withdrawals on an areal basin or subbasin basis; imports and exports of wastewater across basin or subbasin divides; imports and exports of public water supplies across basin or subbasin divides; estimates of evaporative loss and consumptive loss from produce incorporation; industrial septic-system discharges to ground water; and ground-water well-permit allocations.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964127","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Delaware River Basin Commission","usgsCitation":"Schreffler, C.L., 1996, Water-use analysis program for the Neshaminy Creek basin, Bucks and Montgomery counties, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4127, iv, 85 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964127.","productDescription":"iv, 85 p.","numberOfPages":"89","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119605,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4127/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58427,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4127/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","city":"Bucks County, Montgomery County","otherGeospatial":"Neshaminy Creek Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.157470703125,\n 40.43754064484924\n ],\n [\n -74.8443603515625,\n 40.236557025505114\n ],\n [\n -74.85946655273438,\n 40.108537754986166\n ],\n [\n -74.94049072265625,\n 40.07491896000657\n ],\n [\n -75.24124145507812,\n 40.18097176388719\n ],\n [\n -75.36895751953125,\n 40.273239279173055\n ],\n [\n -75.157470703125,\n 40.43754064484924\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e478fe4b07f02db48a153","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schreffler, Curtis L. clschref@usgs.gov","contributorId":333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreffler","given":"Curtis","email":"clschref@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":201793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}