{"pageNumber":"3725","pageRowStart":"93100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185258,"records":[{"id":29349,"text":"wri964202 - 1996 - Effect of ice formation and streamflow on salmon incubation habitat in the lower Bradley River, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:52","indexId":"wri964202","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4202","title":"Effect of ice formation and streamflow on salmon incubation habitat in the lower Bradley River, Alaska","docAbstract":"A minimum flow of 40 cubic feet per second is required in the lower Bradley River, near Homer, Alaska, from November 2 to April 30 to ensure adequate salmon egg incubation habitat. The study that determined this minimum flow did not account for the effects of ice formation on habitat. An investigation was made during periods of ice formation. Hydraulic properties and field water-quality data were measured in winter only from March 1993 to April 1995 at six transects in the lower Bradley River. Discharge in the lower Bradley River ranged from 42.6 to 73.0 cubic feet per second (average 57 cubic feet per second) with ice conditions ranging from near ice free to 100 percent ice cover. Stream water velocity and depth were adequate for habitat protection for all ice conditions and discharges. No relation was found between percent ice cover and mean velocity and depth for any given discharge and no trends were found with changes in discharge for a given ice condition. Velocity distribution within each transect varied significantly from one sampling period to the next. Mean depth and velocity at flows of 40 cubic feet per second or less could not be predicted. No consistent relation was found between the amount of wetted perimeter and percent ice cover. Intragravel-water temperature was slightly warmer than surface-water temperature. Surface and intragravel-water dissolved-oxygen levels were adequate for all flows and ice conditions. No apparent relation was found between dissolved-oxygen levels and streamflow or ice conditions. Excellent oxygen exchange was indicated throughout the study reach. Stranding potential of salmon fry was found to be low throughout the study reach. The limiting factors for determining the minimal acceptable flow limit appear to be stream-water velocity and depth, although specific limits could not be estimated because of the high flows that occurred during this study.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964202","usgsCitation":"Rickman, R.L., 1996, Effect of ice formation and streamflow on salmon incubation habitat in the lower Bradley River, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4202, vi, 34, 29 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964202.","productDescription":"vi, 34, 29 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4202/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58202,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4202/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db625259","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rickman, R. L.","contributorId":24803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rickman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32026,"text":"ofr96595 - 1996 - Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-18T20:10:14.559713","indexId":"ofr96595","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-595","title":"Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May 1996","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96595","usgsCitation":"Mattie, J.A., Metz, P.A., and Torres, A.E., 1996, Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-595, 1 Plate: 24.38 × 31.51 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96595.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 24.38 × 31.51 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":391879,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19398.htm"},{"id":60182,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0595/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83,\n 26.5\n ],\n [\n -81.25,\n 26.5\n ],\n [\n -81.25,\n 28.25\n ],\n [\n -83,\n 28.25\n ],\n [\n -83,\n 26.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682eb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattie, J. A.","contributorId":86392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattie","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metz, P. A.","contributorId":68706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metz","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Torres, A. E.","contributorId":94350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":32001,"text":"ofr96287 - 1996 - Aeromagnetic map of the Long Beach 1:100,000 scale-quadrangle, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:10","indexId":"ofr96287","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-287","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Long Beach 1:100,000 scale-quadrangle, California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr96287","usgsCitation":"Langenheim, V., and Jachens, R., 1996, Aeromagnetic map of the Long Beach 1:100,000 scale-quadrangle, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-287, 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:100,000 (1 inch = about 1.6 miles). , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96287.","productDescription":"1 over-size sheet, scale 1:100,000 (1 inch = about 1.6 miles). ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":60157,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0287/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691ebe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":207428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jachens, R.C.","contributorId":55433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":32025,"text":"ofr96594 - 1996 - Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, west-central Florida, May 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:10","indexId":"ofr96594","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-594","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, west-central Florida, May 1996","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr96594","usgsCitation":"Mattie, J.A., Metz, P.A., and Torres, A.E., 1996, Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, west-central Florida, May 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-594, 1 over-size sheet. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96594.","productDescription":"1 over-size sheet. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":60181,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0594/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682f0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattie, J. A.","contributorId":86392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattie","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metz, P. A.","contributorId":68706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metz","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Torres, A. E.","contributorId":94350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28072,"text":"wri964164 - 1996 - Assessment of the fresh- and brackish-water resources underlying Dunedin and adjacent areas of northern Pinellas County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-21T20:33:34.148393","indexId":"wri964164","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4164","title":"Assessment of the fresh- and brackish-water resources underlying Dunedin and adjacent areas of northern Pinellas County, Florida","docAbstract":"The city of Dunedin is enhancing their potable ground-water resources through desalination of brackish ground water. An assessment of the fresh- and brackish-water resources in the Upper Floridan aquifer was needed to estimate the changes that may result from brackish-water development. The complex hydrogeologic framework underlying Dunedin and adjacent areas of northern Pinellas County is conceptualized as a multilayered sequence of permeable zones and confining and semiconfining units. The permeable zones contain vertically spaced, discrete, water-producing zones with differing water quality. Water levels, water-level responses, and water quality are highly variable among the different permeable zones. The Upper Floridan aquifer is best characterized as a local flow system in most of northern Pinellas County. Pumping from the Dunedin well field is probably not influencing water levels in the aquifer outside Dunedin, but has resulted in localized depressions in the potentiometric surface surrounding production-well clusters. The complex geologic layering combined with the effects of production-well distribution probably contribute to the spatial and temporal variability in chloride concentrations in the Dunedin well field. Chloride concentrations in ground water underlying the Dunedin well field vary both vertically and laterally. In general, water-quality rapidly changes below depths of 400 feet below sea level. Additionally, randomly distributed water-producing zones with higher chloride concentrations may occur at shallow, discrete intervals above 400 feet. A relation between chloride concentration and distance from St. Joseph Sound is not apparent; however, a possible relation exists between chloride concentration and production-well density. Chloride-concentration data from production wells show a consistently increasing pattern that has accelerated since the late 1980's. Chloride-concentration data from 15 observation wells show increasing trends for 6 wells, decreasing trends for 3 wells, and no trend for 6 wells. The current and future, fresh- and brackish-water resources were evaluated using a numerical ground-water flow and solute-transport model. Simulation results indicate that the hydraulic conductivity of the uppermost permeable zone (upper zone A) of the Upper Floridan aquifer is four times greater than the two underlying permeable zones (lower zone A and zone B). The simulated hydraulic conduc- tivities of the semiconfining units are four orders of magnitude less than the permeable zones. Simulation results show the importance of semiconfining units as a mechanism for retarding the vertical movement of higher salinity ground water. Simulation results indicate that pumping from the brackish-water zone does not negatively influence the chloride-concentration trends in the overlying fresh-water zone; however, chloride changes in the fresh-water zone will continue to occur due to the continuation of current fresh-water withdrawals. Chloride changes in the brackish-water zone will occur from pumping brackish water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964164","usgsCitation":"Knochenmus, L.A., and Swenson, E.S., 1996, Assessment of the fresh- and brackish-water resources underlying Dunedin and adjacent areas of northern Pinellas County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4164, vi, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964164.","productDescription":"vi, 47 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394691,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48508.htm"},{"id":56896,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4164/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4164/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Pinellas County","city":"Dunedin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.8167,\n 27.9\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 27.9\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.0667\n ],\n [\n -82.8167,\n 28.0667\n ],\n [\n -82.8167,\n 27.9\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671d29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knochenmus, L. A.","contributorId":60683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knochenmus","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swenson, E. S.","contributorId":31795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27489,"text":"wri964257 - 1996 - Hydrogeology and geochemistry of acid mine drainage in ground water in the vicinity of Penn Mine and Camanche Reservoir, Calaveras County, California: Second-year summary, 1992-93","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-07T10:03:13","indexId":"wri964257","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4257","title":"Hydrogeology and geochemistry of acid mine drainage in ground water in the vicinity of Penn Mine and Camanche Reservoir, Calaveras County, California: Second-year summary, 1992-93","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri964257","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board and the East Bay Municipal Utility District","usgsCitation":"Hamlin, S.N., and Alpers, C.N., 1996, Hydrogeology and geochemistry of acid mine drainage in ground water in the vicinity of Penn Mine and Camanche Reservoir, Calaveras County, California: Second-year summary, 1992-93: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4257, v, 44 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964257.","productDescription":"v, 44 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":14633,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4257/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":119794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_96_4257.bmp"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Calaveras 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38.5013],[-120.0719,38.4936],[-120.0727,38.4478],[-120.0528,38.4534],[-120.0169,38.4363]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Calaveras\",\"state\":\"CA\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db627824","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamlin, Scott N.","contributorId":27040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamlin","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":198205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28277,"text":"wri964224 - 1996 - Nitrate and ammonia in shallow ground water, Carson City urban area, Nevada, 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-16T08:18:06","indexId":"wri964224","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4224","title":"Nitrate and ammonia in shallow ground water, Carson City urban area, Nevada, 1989","docAbstract":"

As part of the National Water-Quality Assessment program (NAWQA) of the U.S. Geological Survey, a network of 26 wells at 20 sites was established in 1989 to investigate the quality of shallow ground water beneath the oldest and most developed part of the Carson City urban area. Nitrate was detected in water samples from 16 of the sites. The nitrate, as nitrogen, concentration was between 0.1 and 3.0 mg/L (milligrams per liter) at four sites, greater than 3.0 mg/L but less than 10 mg/L at six sites, and 10 mg/L, the Nevada drinking-water standard, or greater, at six sites; the highest concentration measured during the study was 38 mg/L. Ammonia, as nitrogen, concentrations exceeded 0.15 mg/L at 2 of the 20 sites; the highest concentration detected during the study was 0.26 mg/L. Nitrate concentrations were positively correlated with dissolved-oxygen concentrations, and negatively correlated with ammonia, dissolved-iron, and dissolved-manganese concentrations. Ammonia concentrations were positively correlated with calcium, magnesium, potassium, bicarbonate, iron, manganese, strontium, and dissolved organic carbon concentrations, and were negatively correlated with nitrate and dissolved-oxygen concentrations. Principal components analysis identified five groups of water quality constituents that suggest that the ammonia or nitrate source might be nitrogen-based fertilizers, septic systems, or leaking municipal sewer lines, and that nitrification and denitrification, or nitrate reduction, control nitrate and ammonia concentrations as well as dissolved-oxygen, iron, and manganese concentrations in the shallow ground water beneath the Carson City urban area.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964224","collaboration":"A product of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program -- Carson River Basin, Nevada and California","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, S.J., 1996, Nitrate and ammonia in shallow ground water, Carson City urban area, Nevada, 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4224, iv, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964224.","productDescription":"iv, 53 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":57097,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4224/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4224/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","city":"Carson City","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.89791870117186,\n 39.04051963289309\n ],\n [\n -119.61502075195311,\n 39.04051963289309\n ],\n [\n -119.61502075195311,\n 39.23278500746929\n ],\n [\n -119.89791870117186,\n 39.23278500746929\n ],\n [\n -119.89791870117186,\n 39.04051963289309\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697426","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lawrence, Stephen J. slawrenc@usgs.gov","contributorId":1885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Stephen","email":"slawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":199517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23294,"text":"ofr96577 - 1996 - Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Utah, October 1, 1994, to September 30, 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T15:20:49","indexId":"ofr96577","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-577","title":"Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Utah, October 1, 1994, to September 30, 1995","docAbstract":"

This report contains summaries of the progress of water-resources studies in Utah done by the U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Utah District, from October 1,1994, to September 30, 1995. The waterresources program in Utah during this period consisted of 23 projects; a discussion of each project is presented in the main body of this report.

The following sections outline the origin of the U.S. Geological Survey, the basic mission of the Water Resources Division, the organizational structure of the Utah District, office addresses of the Utah District, the distribution of program funding as source of funds and type of activity funded in Federal Fiscal Year (FY) 1995 (October 1, 1994, to September 30,1995), and the agencies with which the District cooperates. The last part of the introduction is a list of reports produced by the District from October 1994 to September 1995.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/ofr96577","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"1996, Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Utah, October 1, 1994, to September 30, 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-577, vi, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96577.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p.","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":52584,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0577/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0577/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4870e4b07f02db50d559","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Hardy, Ellen E.","contributorId":79122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardy","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709116,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dragos, Stefanie L.","contributorId":107301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dragos","given":"Stefanie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709117,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":23394,"text":"ofr96699 - 1996 - Laboratory studies of selected core samples from A/M area, Savannah River site, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:12","indexId":"ofr96699","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-699","title":"Laboratory studies of selected core samples from A/M area, Savannah River site, South Carolina","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96699","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Horton, R.J., 1996, Laboratory studies of selected core samples from A/M area, Savannah River site, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-699, 143 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96699.","productDescription":"143 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156225,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0699/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52694,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0699/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b443b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horton, R. J.","contributorId":19926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23534,"text":"ofr96685 - 1996 - Alaska resource data file: Holy Cross quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-23T14:03:36.184368","indexId":"ofr96685","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-685","title":"Alaska resource data file: Holy Cross quadrangle","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96685","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Keith, W.J., and Miller, M., 1996, Alaska resource data file: Holy Cross quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-685, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96685.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1611,"rank":3,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":388921,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_37191.htm"},{"id":156080,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0685/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":486497,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0685/ofr19960685.pdf","size":"148 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Holy Cross quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -162,\n 62\n ],\n [\n -159,\n 62\n ],\n [\n -159,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -162,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -162,\n 62\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bf42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keith, W. J.","contributorId":41827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"W.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":89523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":190277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25870,"text":"wri964211 - 1996 - Ground-water quality, water year 1995, and statistical analysis of ground-water-quality data, water years 1994-95, at the chromic acid pit site, U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery Center and Fort Bliss, El Paso, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T20:16:20.434334","indexId":"wri964211","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4211","title":"Ground-water quality, water year 1995, and statistical analysis of ground-water-quality data, water years 1994-95, at the chromic acid pit site, U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery Center and Fort Bliss, El Paso, Texas","docAbstract":"The Chromic Acid Pit site is an inactive waste disposal site \r\nthat is regulated by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of \r\n1976. The 2.2-cubic-yard cement-lined pit was operated from 1980 \r\nto 1983 by a contractor to the U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery \r\nCenter and Fort Bliss. The pit, located on the Fort Bliss military \r\nreservation in El Paso, Texas, was used for disposal and \r\nevaporation of chromic acid waste generated from chrome plating \r\noperations. The site was closed in 1989, and the Texas Natural \r\nResources Conservation Commission issued permit number HW-50296 \r\n(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency number TX4213720101), which \r\napproved and implemented post-closure care for the Chromic Acid \r\nPit site. In accordance with an approved post-closure plan, the \r\nU.S. Geological Survey is cooperating with the U.S. Army in \r\nmonitoring and evaluating ground-water quality at the site. One \r\nupgradient ground-water monitoring well (MW1) and two \r\ndowngradient ground-water monitoring wells (MW2 and MW3), \r\ninstalled adjacent to the chromic acid pit, are monitored on a \r\nquarterly basis. Ground-water sampling of these wells by the U.S. \r\nGeological Survey began in December 1993.\r\n\r\n The ground-water level, measured in a production well located \r\napproximately 1,700 feet southeast of the Chromic Acid Pit site, \r\nhas declined about 29.43 feet from 1982 to 1995. Depth to water at \r\nthe Chromic Acid Pit site in September 1995 was 284.2 to 286.5 \r\nfeet below land surface; ground-water flow at the water table is \r\nassumed to be toward the southeast.\r\n\r\n Ground-water samples collected from monitoring wells at the \r\nChromic Acid Pit site during water year 1995 contained dissolved-\r\nsolids concentrations of 481 to 516 milligrams per liter. Total \r\nchromium concentrations detected above the laboratory reporting \r\nlimit ranged from 0.0061 to 0.030 milligram per liter; dissolved \r\nchromium concentrations ranged from 0.0040 to 0.010 milligram per \r\nliter. Nitrate as nitrogen concentrations ranged from 2.1 to 2.8 \r\nmilligrams per liter; nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen \r\nconcentrations ranged from 2.4 to 3.2 milligrams per liter. Water \r\nsamples from wells MW1 and MW2 were analyzed for volatile organic \r\ncompounds for the first quarter; no confirmed volatile organic \r\ncompounds were detected above laboratory reporting limits. \r\nDetected chemical concentrations in water from the chromic acid \r\npit monitoring wells during the four sampling periods were below \r\nU.S. Environmental Protection Agency-established maximum \r\ncontaminant levels for public drinking-water supplies. Overall, \r\nwater-quality characteristics of water from the chromic acid pit \r\nground-water monitoring wells are similar to those of other wells \r\nin the surrounding area.\r\n\r\n Statistical analyses were performed on 56 of the chemical \r\nconstituents analyzed for in ground water from the chromic acid \r\npit monitoring wells. Concentrations of chloride, fluoride, \r\nsulfate, and potassium were significantly less in water from one \r\nor both downgradient wells than in water from the upgradient well. \r\nConcentrations of nitrate as nitrogen, nitrite plus nitrate as \r\nnitrogen, and dissolved solids were significantly greater in \r\nwater from the downgradient wells than in water from the \r\nupgradient well. Concentrations of nitrate as nitrogen, chloride, \r\nand potassium were significantly different in water from the two \r\ndowngradient wells. Statistical analysis of chemical constituents \r\nin water from the chromic acid pit monitoring wells did not appear \r\nto indicate a release of hazardous chemicals from the chromic acid \r\npit. There was no indication of ground-water contamination in \r\neither downgradient well.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964211","usgsCitation":"Abeyta, C.G., and Roybal, R., 1996, Ground-water quality, water year 1995, and statistical analysis of ground-water-quality data, water years 1994-95, at the chromic acid pit site, U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery Center and Fort Bliss, El Paso, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4211, vi, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964211.","productDescription":"vi, 45 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394266,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48545.htm"},{"id":125164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4211/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54623,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4211/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"El Paso","otherGeospatial":"U.S. Army Defense Artillery Center and Fort Bliss","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.3861,\n 31.8178\n ],\n [\n -106.4286,\n 31.8178\n ],\n [\n -106.4286,\n 31.8594\n ],\n [\n -106.3861,\n 31.8594\n ],\n [\n -106.3861,\n 31.8178\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697524","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abeyta, Cynthia G.","contributorId":52187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abeyta","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roybal, R. G.","contributorId":67881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roybal","given":"R. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22962,"text":"ofr96476 - 1996 - Flood of May 19, 1990, along Perry Creek in Plymouth and Woodbury counties, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-21T14:36:29","indexId":"ofr96476","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-476","title":"Flood of May 19, 1990, along Perry Creek in Plymouth and Woodbury counties, Iowa","docAbstract":"

A water-surface-elevation profile and peak discharges for the flood of May 19, 1990, along Perry Creek in Plymouth and Woodbury Counties, Iowa, are presented in this report. The peak discharge for the May 19,1990, flood on Perry Creek at 38th Street, Sioux City (06600000) is the second largest flood-peak discharge recorded at the streamflow-gaging station for the period 1939-95. The peak discharge for May 19, 1990, of 8,670 cubic feet per second, is approximately equal to the 35-year recurrence-interval discharge. The report provides information on flood stages and discharges and floodflow frequencies for streamflow-gaging stations in the Perry Creek Basin using flood information collected during 1939-95. Information on temporary bench marks and reference points established in the Perry Creek Basin during 1990-93 is also included in the report. A flood history describes rainfall conditions for the three largest floods that occurred during 1939-95 (July 1944, September 1949, and May 1990).

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City, IA","doi":"10.3133/ofr96476","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Highway Research Board and the Project Development Division of the Iowa Department of Transportation (Iowa DOT Research Project HR-140)","usgsCitation":"Eash, D.A., 1996, Flood of May 19, 1990, along Perry Creek in Plymouth and Woodbury counties, Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-476, iv, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96476.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155808,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0476/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52361,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0476/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Plymouth County, Woodbury County","otherGeospatial":"Perry Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.40708923339844,\n 42.49133996306382\n ],\n [\n -96.39610290527344,\n 42.50450285299051\n ],\n [\n -96.39884948730469,\n 42.51361399979923\n ],\n [\n -96.40090942382812,\n 42.52626616716249\n ],\n [\n -96.38992309570311,\n 42.529808314926136\n ],\n [\n -96.37413024902342,\n 42.54852775918642\n ],\n [\n -96.37069702148438,\n 42.558644041066486\n ],\n [\n -96.361083984375,\n 42.57027573801005\n ],\n [\n -96.34803771972656,\n 42.577354839557856\n ],\n [\n -96.339111328125,\n 42.59151063198147\n ],\n [\n -96.33430480957031,\n 42.60060908689335\n ],\n [\n -96.32675170898438,\n 42.62638082834924\n ],\n [\n -96.31576538085938,\n 42.65466692646942\n ],\n [\n -96.30752563476562,\n 42.67536823702857\n ],\n [\n -96.29997253417969,\n 42.693539313660004\n ],\n [\n -96.29928588867188,\n 42.70413665385325\n ],\n [\n -96.29928588867188,\n 42.71019146477647\n ],\n [\n -96.30409240722655,\n 42.72784795659619\n ],\n [\n -96.29722595214844,\n 42.751550199075915\n ],\n [\n -96.295166015625,\n 42.76415408328867\n ],\n [\n -96.28898620605467,\n 42.790361950280925\n ],\n [\n -96.29310607910156,\n 42.8054768278603\n ],\n [\n -96.3123321533203,\n 42.81202546153518\n ],\n [\n -96.328125,\n 42.818573401893836\n ],\n [\n -96.32606506347656,\n 42.8054768278603\n ],\n [\n -96.34048461914062,\n 42.80346172417078\n ],\n [\n -96.34597778320312,\n 42.788346354315784\n ],\n [\n -96.35902404785155,\n 42.77272326016883\n ],\n [\n -96.35902404785155,\n 42.75558372095002\n ],\n [\n -96.36726379394531,\n 42.73339610206592\n ],\n [\n -96.39198303222656,\n 42.72129041756775\n ],\n [\n -96.40640258789062,\n 42.71523668940091\n ],\n [\n -96.40846252441406,\n 42.69303463329987\n ],\n [\n -96.41326904296874,\n 42.679406713370305\n ],\n [\n -96.41944885253906,\n 42.660726560168996\n ],\n [\n -96.43455505371094,\n 42.65062684261494\n ],\n [\n -96.44004821777344,\n 42.63749475762559\n ],\n [\n -96.45378112792969,\n 42.61475959854333\n ],\n [\n -96.45790100097656,\n 42.58493869951935\n ],\n [\n -96.46408081054688,\n 42.56420729713456\n ],\n [\n -96.46614074707031,\n 42.55510352893436\n ],\n [\n -96.46614074707031,\n 42.53638605645048\n ],\n [\n -96.45515441894531,\n 42.5171568649003\n ],\n [\n -96.44279479980469,\n 42.50956476517422\n ],\n [\n -96.43318176269531,\n 42.49690921618136\n ],\n [\n -96.40708923339844,\n 42.49133996306382\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5eec9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eash, D. A.","contributorId":60237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eash","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28304,"text":"wri964194 - 1996 - Variation in the relation of rainfall to runoff from residential lawns in Madison, Wisconsin, July and August 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T13:17:20","indexId":"wri964194","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4194","title":"Variation in the relation of rainfall to runoff from residential lawns in Madison, Wisconsin, July and August 1995","docAbstract":"

The quality of runoff from residential lawns is a concern for municipal stormwater management programs. Land-use based computer models are increasingly being used to assess the impact of lawn runoff on urban watersheds. To accurately model the runoff for residential lawns, the variation in the relation of rainfall to runoff from lawns must be understood. The study described in this report measures the runoff parameters from 20 residential lawns in Madison, Wisconsin, using a rainfall simulator. It was determined that the saturated hydraulic conductivity does not vary significantly within a single residential lawn, but does vary significantly from one lawn to another. This variation is recognized in the entire rainfall-runoff relation from one lawn to another. The age of a lawn, or the years since development and turf establishment, is used as a surrogate of several lawn and soil characteristics to describe the variability in lawn runoff volumes. Runoff volumes from newly developed lawns are significantly greater than runoff from older lawns. This is an important consideration when modeling runoff for new developments. For older lawns, the date since lawn establishment does not explain the variation in the rainfall-runoff relation. In order for simple land-use based computer models to adequately account for the volume of runoff from pervious landscapes, field data from individual lawns would be necessary. A more realistic, alternative method may be to consider a basin-scale analysis of runoff from pervious landscapes.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964194","usgsCitation":"Legg, A., Bannerman, R., and Panuska, J., 1996, Variation in the relation of rainfall to runoff from residential lawns in Madison, Wisconsin, July and August 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4194, iii, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964194.","productDescription":"iii, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":57116,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4194/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4194/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Dane County","city":"Madison","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.549560546875,\n 43.00665566595925\n ],\n [\n -89.549560546875,\n 43.17313537107136\n ],\n [\n -89.26391601562499,\n 43.17313537107136\n ],\n [\n -89.26391601562499,\n 43.00665566595925\n ],\n [\n -89.549560546875,\n 43.00665566595925\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602b2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Legg, A.D.","contributorId":65120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legg","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bannerman, R.T.","contributorId":92304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bannerman","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":199559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Panuska, John","contributorId":31025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Panuska","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":199557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26144,"text":"wri964209 - 1996 - Hydrogeology and water quality of the shallow aquifer system at the Explosive Experimental Area, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren site, Dahlgren, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-13T19:58:23.68834","indexId":"wri964209","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4209","title":"Hydrogeology and water quality of the shallow aquifer system at the Explosive Experimental Area, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren site, Dahlgren, Virginia","docAbstract":"

In October 1993, the U.S. Geological Survey began a study to characterize the hydrogeology of the shallow aquifer system at the Explosive Experimental Area, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren Site, Dahlgren, Virginia, which is located on the Potomac River in the Coastal Plain Physiographic Province. The study provides a description of the hydrogeologic units, directions of ground-water flow, and back-ground water quality in the study area to a depth of about 100 feet. Lithologic, geophysical, and hydrologic data were collected from 28 wells drilled for this study, from 3 existing wells, and from outcrops.

The shallow aquifer system at the Explosive Experimental Area consists of two fining-upward sequences of Pleistocene fluvial-estuarine deposits that overlie Paleocene-Eocene marine deposits of the Nanjemoy-Marlboro confining unit. The surficial hydrogeologic unit is the Columbia aquifer. Horizontal linear flow of water in this aquifer generally responds to the surface topography, discharging to tidal creeks, marshes, and the Potomac River, and rates of flow in this aquifer range from 0.003 to 0.70 foot per day.

The Columbia aquifer unconformably overlies the upper confining unit 12-an organic-rich clay that is 0 to 55 feet thick. The upper confining unit conformably overlies the upper confined aquifer, a 0- to 35-feet thick unit that consists of interbedded fine-grained to medium-grained sands and clay. The upper confined aquifer probably receives most of its recharge from the adjacent and underlying Nanjemoy-Marlboro confining unit. Water in the upper confined aquifer generally flows eastward, northward, and northeastward at about 0.03 foot per day toward the Potomac River and Machodoc Creek.

The Nanjemoy-Marlboro confining unit consists of glauconitic, fossiliferous silty fine-grained sands of the Nanjemoy Formation. Where the upper confined system is absent, the Nanjemoy-Marlboro confining unit is directly overlain by the Columbia aquifer. In some parts of the Explosive Experimental Area, horizontal hydraulic conductivities of the Nanjemoy-Marlboro confining unit and the Columbia aquifer are similar (from 10-4 to 10-2 foot per day), and these units effectively combine to form a thick (greater than 50 feet) aquifer.

The background water quality of the shallow aquifer system is characteristic of ground waters in the Virginia Coastal Plain Physiographic Province. Water in the Columbia aquifer is a mixed ionic type, has a median pH of 5.9, and a median total dissolved solids of 106 milligrams per liter. Water in the upper confined aquifer and Nanjemoy-Marlboro confining unit is a sodium- calcium-bicarbonate type, and generally has higher pH, dissolved solids, and alkalinity than water in the Columbia aquifer. Water in the upper confined aquifer and some parts of the Columbia aquifer is anoxic, and it has high concentrations of dissolved iron, manganese, and sulfide.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964209","usgsCitation":"Bell, C.F., 1996, Hydrogeology and water quality of the shallow aquifer system at the Explosive Experimental Area, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren site, Dahlgren, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4209, v, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964209.","productDescription":"v, 37 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":54940,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4209/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122911,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4209/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":415729,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48543.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Dahlgren","otherGeospatial":"Explosive Experimental Area, Naval Surface Warfare Center","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.0597,\n 38.3167\n ],\n [\n -77.0597,\n 38.279\n ],\n [\n -77.0167,\n 38.279\n ],\n [\n -77.0167,\n 38.3167\n ],\n [\n -77.0597,\n 38.3167\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db625174","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, C. F.","contributorId":14449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25576,"text":"wri964091 - 1996 - Hydrogeology at Air Force Plant 4 and vicinity and water quality of the Paluxy Aquifer, Fort Worth, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T10:57:14","indexId":"wri964091","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4091","title":"Hydrogeology at Air Force Plant 4 and vicinity and water quality of the Paluxy Aquifer, Fort Worth, Texas","docAbstract":"

Ground water in the surficial terrace alluvial aquifer is contaminated at Air Force Plant 4, Fort Worth, Texas, and at the adjacent Naval Air Station. Some of the contaminated water has leaked from the terrace alluvial aquifer to an uppermost interval of the Paluxy Formation (the Paluxy \"upper sand\") beneath the east parking lot, east of the assembly building, and to the upper and middle zones of the Paluxy aquifer near Bomber Road, west of the assembly building. Citizens are concerned that contaminants from the plant, principally trichloroethylene and chromium might enter nearby municipal and domestic wells that pump water from the middle and lower zones of the Paluxy aquifer.

Geologic formations that crop out in the study area, from oldest to youngest, are the Paluxy Formation (aquifer), Walnut Formation (confining unit), and Goodland Limestone (confining unit). Beneath the Paluxy Formation is the Glen Rose Formation (confining unit) and Twin Mountains Formation (aquifer). The terrace alluvial deposits overlie these Cretaceous rocks.

The terrace alluvial aquifer, which is not used for municipal water supply, is separated from the Paluxy aquifer by the Goodland-Walnut confining unit. The confining unit restricts the flow of ground water between these aquifers in most places; however, downward leakage to the Paluxy aquifer might occur through the \"window,\" where the confining unit is thin or absent.

The Paluxy aquifer is divided into upper, middle, and lower zones. The Paluxy \"upper sand\" underlying the \"window\" is an apparently isolated, mostly unsaturated, sandy lens within the uppermost part of the upper zone. The Paluxy aquifer is recharged by leakage from Lake Worth and by precipitation on the outcrop area. Discharge from the aquifer primarily occurs as pumpage from municipal and domestic wells. The Paluxy aquifer is separated from the underlying Twin Mountains aquifer by the Glen Rose confining unit.

Water-level maps indicate that (1) ground water in the terrace alluvial aquifer appears to flow outward, away from Air Force Plant 4; (2) a ground-water mound, possibly caused by downward leakage from the terrace alluvial aquifer, is present in the Paluxy \"upper sand\" beneath the \"window;\" and (3) lateral ground-water flow in regionally extensive parts of the Paluxy aquifer is from west to east-southeast.

Trichloroethylene concentrations at Air Force Plant 4 have ranged from about 10,000 to about 100,000 micrograms per liter in the terrace alluvial aquifer, from 8,000 to 11,000 micrograms per liter in the Paluxy \"upper sand,\" and from 2 to 50 micrograms per liter in the upper and middle zones of the Paluxy aquifer. Chromium concentrations at Air Force Plant 4 have ranged from 0 to 629 micrograms per liter in the terrace alluvial aquifer.

The seven municipal wells mostly west and south of Air Force Plant 4 are not along a flowpath for leakage of contaminants from the plant because ground-water flow in the Paluxy aquifer is toward the east-southeast. Furthermore, trichloroethylene was not detected in any of these wells in 1993 when all were sampled for water quality.

The results of water-quality sampling at 10 domestic wells northwest of the Air Force Plant 4 during April 1993 and April 1995 indicated that neither trichloroethylene nor chromium had migrated off-site to these wells.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri964091","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force Aeronautical Systems Center, Environmental Management Directorate","usgsCitation":"Kuniansky, E.L., Jones, S.A., Brock, R.D., and Williams, M., 1996, Hydrogeology at Air Force Plant 4 and vicinity and water quality of the Paluxy Aquifer, Fort Worth, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4091, iv, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964091.","productDescription":"iv, 41 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1920,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri96-4091/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125023,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_96_4091.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Fort Worth","otherGeospatial":"Air Force Plant 4","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.4625,\n 32.791667\n ],\n [\n -97.4625,\n 32.75\n ],\n [\n -97.416667,\n 32.75\n ],\n [\n -97.416667,\n 32.791667\n ],\n [\n -97.4625,\n 32.791667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa6bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuniansky, Eve L. 0000-0002-5581-0225 elkunian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5581-0225","contributorId":932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuniansky","given":"Eve","email":"elkunian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Sonya A. 0000-0002-7462-8576 sajones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7462-8576","contributorId":1690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Sonya","email":"sajones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":194259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brock, Robert D.","contributorId":27875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, M.D.","contributorId":79507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":29510,"text":"wri964146 - 1996 - Geochemical and isotopic composition of ground water, with emphasis on sources of sulfate, in the upper Floridan aquifer and intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-24T19:32:59.992604","indexId":"wri964146","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4146","title":"Geochemical and isotopic composition of ground water, with emphasis on sources of sulfate, in the upper Floridan aquifer and intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida","docAbstract":"In southwest Florida, sulfate concentrations in water from the Upper Floridan aquifer and overlying intermediate aquifer system are commonly above 250 milligrams per liter (the drinking water standard), particularly in coastal areas. Possible sources of sulfate include dissolution of gypsum from the deeper part of the Upper Floridan aquifer or the middle confining unit, saltwater in the aquifer, and saline waters from the middle confining unit and Lower Floridan aquifer. The sources of sulfate and geochemical processes controlling ground-water composition were evaluated for the Peace and Myakka River Basins and adjacent coastal areas of southwest Florida. Samples were collected from 63 wells and a saline spring, including wells finished at different depth intervals of the Upper Floridan aquifer and intermediate aquifer system at about 25 locations. Sampling focused along three ground-water flow paths (selected based on a predevelopment potentiometric-surface map). Ground water was analyzed for major ions, selected trace constituents, dissolved organic carbon, and stable isotopes (delta deuterium, oxygen-18, carbon-13 of inorganic carbon, and sulfur-34 of sulfate and sulfide); the ratio of strontium-87 to strontium-86 was analyzed for waters along one of the flow paths. \r\n\r\nChemical and isotopic data indicate that dedolomitization reactions (gypsum and dolomite dissolution and calcite precipitation) control the chemical composition of water in the Upper Floridan aquifer in inland areas. This is confirmed by mass-balance modeling between wells in the shallowest interval in the aquifer along the flow paths. However, gypsum occurs deeper in the aquifer than these wells. Upwelling of sulfate-rich water that previously dissolved gypsum in deeper parts of the aquifer is a more likely source of sulfate than gypsum dissolution in shallow parts of the aquifer. This deep ground water moves to shallower zones in the aquifer discharge area. \r\n\r\nSaltwater from the Upper Floridan aquifer has not dissolved significant amounts of gypsum compared to fresher water in the aquifer. This is consistent with a shallow seawater source for the saltwater, rather than a deeper source from the underlying middle confining unit or Lower Floridan aquifer, which would have elevated sulfate concentrations. Ion exchange and dolomitization may be important reactions for saltwater in the aquifer. According to geochemical modeling, the freshwater end member for water in the saltwater mixing zone in the southwestern part of the study area is not upgradient water from the Upper Floridan aquifer that dissolved gypsum. Instead, this water appears to be isolated from the regional freshwater flow system and may be part of a more localized flow system. \r\n\r\nThe chemical and isotopic composition of water in the intermediate aquifer system is controlled by differences in extent of reactions with aquifer minerals, upward leakage from the Upper Floridan aquifer, and saltwater mixing. In inland areas, water generally is characterized by relatively low sulfate concentrations (less than 250 milligrams per liter) and differences in extent of carbonate mineral dissolution. Some inland waters have elevated chloride concentrations, which may be related to evaporation prior to recharge. In coastal Sarasota County and in isolated inland areas, water from the intermediate aquifer system has high sulfate concentrations characteristic of dedolomitization waters from the Upper Floridan aquifer. The chemical and isotopic composition of these waters is controlled by upward leakage from the Upper Floridan aquifer, which naturally occurs in the discharge area but may be locally enhanced by pumping or interconnection of wells open to both aquifer systems. In western Charlotte County, the waters are dominated by sodium and chloride, and their compositions are consistent with mixing between saltwater and inland intermediate aquifer system water that has not been influenced by discharge from the","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964146","usgsCitation":"Sacks, L.A., and Tihansky, A.B., 1996, Geochemical and isotopic composition of ground water, with emphasis on sources of sulfate, in the upper Floridan aquifer and intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4146, v, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964146.","productDescription":"v, 54 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394769,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48492.htm"},{"id":58353,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4146/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4146/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":2501,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fl.water.usgs.gov/Abstracts/wri96_4146_sacks.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.73803710937499,\n 26.792202785452883\n ],\n [\n -81.64764404296875,\n 26.792202785452883\n ],\n [\n -81.64764404296875,\n 27.778341612236325\n ],\n [\n -82.73803710937499,\n 27.778341612236325\n ],\n [\n -82.73803710937499,\n 26.792202785452883\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae2c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sacks, Laura A.","contributorId":19134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sacks","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tihansky, Ann B. tihansky@usgs.gov","contributorId":2477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tihansky","given":"Ann","email":"tihansky@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":201635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27318,"text":"wri964167 - 1996 - Water chemistry of Shoal Creek and Waller Creek, Austin, Texas, and potential sources of nitrate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T11:27:09","indexId":"wri964167","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4167","title":"Water chemistry of Shoal Creek and Waller Creek, Austin, Texas, and potential sources of nitrate","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964167","usgsCitation":"Ging, P.B., Lee, R.W., and Silva, S.R., 1996, Water chemistry of Shoal Creek and Waller Creek, Austin, Texas, and potential sources of nitrate: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4167, iv, 24 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964167.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4167/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56187,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4167/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa259","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ging, P. B.","contributorId":50935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ging","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, R. W.","contributorId":86757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Silva, S. R.","contributorId":27474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silva","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29603,"text":"wri964127 - 1996 - Water-use analysis program for the Neshaminy Creek basin, Bucks and Montgomery counties, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-13T10:33:17","indexId":"wri964127","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4127","title":"Water-use analysis program for the Neshaminy Creek basin, Bucks and Montgomery counties, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"

A water-use analysis computer program was developed for the Neshaminy Creek Basin to assist in managing and allocating water resources in the basin. The program was developed for IBM-compatible personal computers. Basin analysis and the methodologies developed for the Neshaminy Creek Basin can be transferred to other watersheds. The development and structure of the water-use analysis program is documented in this report. The report also serves as a user's guide. The program uses common relational database-management software that allows for water use-data input, editing, updating and output and can be used to generate a watershed water-use analysis report. The watershed-analysis report lists summations of public-supply well withdrawals; a combination of industrial, commercial, institutional, and ground-water irrigation well withdrawals; spray irrigation systems; a combination of public, industrial, and private surface-water withdrawals; wastewater-tratement-facility dishcarges; estimates of aggregate domestic ground-water withdrawals on an areal basin or subbasin basis; imports and exports of wastewater across basin or subbasin divides; imports and exports of public water supplies across basin or subbasin divides; estimates of evaporative loss and consumptive loss from produce incorporation; industrial septic-system discharges to ground water; and ground-water well-permit allocations.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964127","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Delaware River Basin Commission","usgsCitation":"Schreffler, C.L., 1996, Water-use analysis program for the Neshaminy Creek basin, Bucks and Montgomery counties, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4127, iv, 85 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964127.","productDescription":"iv, 85 p.","numberOfPages":"89","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119605,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4127/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58427,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4127/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","city":"Bucks County, Montgomery County","otherGeospatial":"Neshaminy Creek Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.157470703125,\n 40.43754064484924\n ],\n [\n -74.8443603515625,\n 40.236557025505114\n ],\n [\n -74.85946655273438,\n 40.108537754986166\n ],\n [\n -74.94049072265625,\n 40.07491896000657\n ],\n [\n -75.24124145507812,\n 40.18097176388719\n ],\n [\n -75.36895751953125,\n 40.273239279173055\n ],\n [\n -75.157470703125,\n 40.43754064484924\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e478fe4b07f02db48a153","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schreffler, Curtis L. clschref@usgs.gov","contributorId":333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreffler","given":"Curtis","email":"clschref@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":201793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21797,"text":"ofr96687 - 1996 - Geochemical characterization of mining districts and mining-related contamination in the Prescott National Forest area, Yavapai County, Arizona: A preliminary assessment of environmental effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-17T20:59:57.669436","indexId":"ofr96687","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-687","title":"Geochemical characterization of mining districts and mining-related contamination in the Prescott National Forest area, Yavapai County, Arizona: A preliminary assessment of environmental effects","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96687","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Nash, J., Riller, W.R., McHugh, J.B., and Meier, A.L., 1996, Geochemical characterization of mining districts and mining-related contamination in the Prescott National Forest area, Yavapai County, Arizona: A preliminary assessment of environmental effects: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-687, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96687.","productDescription":"80 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393059,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18675.htm"},{"id":51290,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0687/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0687/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Yavapai County","otherGeospatial":"Prescott National Forest area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.669,\n 34.13\n ],\n [\n -111.919,\n 34.13\n ],\n [\n -111.919,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -112.669,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -112.669,\n 34.13\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae595","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nash, J. T.","contributorId":31751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"J. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riller, W. R.","contributorId":42614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riller","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McHugh, J. B.","contributorId":79462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meier, A. L.","contributorId":81480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":21993,"text":"ofr96708 - 1996 - Organic carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen concentrations in surficial sediments from western Long Island Sound, Connecticut and New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:49","indexId":"ofr96708","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-708","title":"Organic carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen concentrations in surficial sediments from western Long Island Sound, Connecticut and New York","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96708","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., Zajac, R., Lewis, R.S., Mlodzinska, Z., Pratt, S., Taylor, B., and DiGiacomo-Cohen, M., 1996, Organic carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen concentrations in surficial sediments from western Long Island Sound, Connecticut and New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-708, 20 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96708.","productDescription":"20 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153789,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0708/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51462,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0708/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae7e4b07f02db68be13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, L. J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zajac, R.N.","contributorId":38182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zajac","given":"R.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewis, R. S.","contributorId":19951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mlodzinska, Z.J.","contributorId":97136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mlodzinska","given":"Z.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pratt, S.E.","contributorId":56674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Taylor, B.B.","contributorId":53394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"DiGiacomo-Cohen, M. L.","contributorId":55465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiGiacomo-Cohen","given":"M. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":24382,"text":"ofr96348 - 1996 - Characterization of stormwater discharges at the San Isidro Industrial Park, Canovanas, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:12","indexId":"ofr96348","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-348","title":"Characterization of stormwater discharges at the San Isidro Industrial Park, Canovanas, Puerto Rico","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96348","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Rodriguez, J.M., 1996, Characterization of stormwater discharges at the San Isidro Industrial Park, Canovanas, Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-348, v, 17 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96348.","productDescription":"v, 17 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0348/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53479,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0348/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodriguez, J. M.","contributorId":70421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24076,"text":"ofr96665 - 1996 - Vitrinite reflectance suppression in New Albany Shale, Illinois Basin; vitrinite reflectance and Rock-Eval data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:19","indexId":"ofr96665","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-665","title":"Vitrinite reflectance suppression in New Albany Shale, Illinois Basin; vitrinite reflectance and Rock-Eval data","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96665","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Nuccio, V., and Hatch, J.R., 1996, Vitrinite reflectance suppression in New Albany Shale, Illinois Basin; vitrinite reflectance and Rock-Eval data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-665, 37 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96665.","productDescription":"37 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0665/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53244,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0665/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fda92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nuccio, V. F.","contributorId":7713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nuccio","given":"V. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatch, J. R.","contributorId":14775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24336,"text":"ofr96689 - 1996 - Photographs of the 1989-90 eruptions of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-14T08:45:15","indexId":"ofr96689","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-689","title":"Photographs of the 1989-90 eruptions of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96689","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Roach, A., Neal, C.A., and McGimsey, R.G., 1996, Photographs of the 1989-90 eruptions of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-689, 30 p. :ill. (some col.), map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96689.","productDescription":"30 p. :ill. (some col.), map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":53441,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0689/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0689/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685e08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roach, A.L.","contributorId":45348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roach","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":191714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGimsey, R. G.","contributorId":93921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGimsey","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24281,"text":"ofr96578 - 1996 - Water-quality and ground-water-level data, Bernalillo County, central New Mexico, 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:00","indexId":"ofr96578","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-578","title":"Water-quality and ground-water-level data, Bernalillo County, central New Mexico, 1995","docAbstract":"Water-quality and ground-water-level data were collected in \r\ntwo areas of eastern Bernalillo County in central New Mexico \r\nbetween March and July of 1995. Fifty-one wells, two springs, and \r\nthe Ojo Grande Acequia in the east mountain area of Bernalillo \r\nCounty and nine wells in the northeast area of the city of \r\nAlbuquerque were sampled. The water samples were analyzed for \r\nselected nutrient species; total organic carbon; major dissolved \r\nconstituents; dissolved arsenic, boron, iron, and manganese; and \r\nmethylene blue active substances. Analytical results were used to \r\ncompute hardness, sodium adsorption ratio, and dissolved solids. \r\nSpecific conductance, pH, temperature, and alkalinity were \r\nmeasured in the field at the time of sample collection. Ground-\r\nwater-level and well-depth measurements were made at the time of \r\nsample collection when possible. Water-quality data, ground-\r\nwater-level data, and well-depth data are presented in tabular \r\nform.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96578","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Rankin, D., 1996, Water-quality and ground-water-level data, Bernalillo County, central New Mexico, 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-578, iv, 14 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96578.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0578/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53402,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0578/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7191","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rankin, D.R.","contributorId":28991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rankin","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23885,"text":"ofr96618 - 1996 - Surface-water quality-assurance plan for the California District of the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:14","indexId":"ofr96618","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-618","title":"Surface-water quality-assurance plan for the California District of the U.S. Geological Survey","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ; Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96618","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Meyer, R.W., 1996, Surface-water quality-assurance plan for the California District of the U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-618, v, 68 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96618.","productDescription":"v, 68 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123039,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_96_618.bmp"},{"id":14635,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/618/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a549","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, Robert W.","contributorId":69601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}