We developed a conceptual model and suspended sediment budget for a 38 km reach of the fifth-order South River, Virginia, for the past 75 yr. Bedrock, terraces, and alluvial fans confine 64% of the channel’s lateral boundaries, while bedrock exposures impose vertical confinement along 37% of the channel. Bedrock exposures in the bed separate pools and riffles developed in gravelly bed material, create unusual kilometer-long pools, and divide the study area into a gently sloping upstream reach and a steeply sloping downstream reach. Bedrock exposures upstream and downstream of an alluvial monitoring site limit changes in bed elevation (documented by scour chains and repeat surveys) by flows with up to 10 yr return periods. Fifty-seven islands (features rarely mentioned in previous studies), mostly created by avulsive floodplain incision, occur in the study reach. Rates of bank retreat, likely moderated by bedrock exposures, have modal values of only a few centimeters per year, while floodplain growth by lateral accretion is negligible. Overbank deposition dominates the sediment budget, but the areal of the extent of the floodplain is currently being reduced by bank erosion and channel widening. The South River stores 2.5% of its annual suspended sediment load per kilometer of downstream transport, demonstrating that suspended sediment storage along partly confined, mixed bedrock-alluvial rivers can be equivalent to storage along fully alluvial rivers. The future evolution of the South River will likely be controlled by bank stabilization designed to control mercury loading into the channel from erosion of contaminated floodplain sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B31759.1","usgsCitation":"Pizzuto, J.E., O’Neal, M.A., Narinesingh, P., Skalak, K., Jurk, D., Collins, S., and Calder, J., 2018, Contemporary fluvial geomorphology and suspended sediment budget of the partly confined, mixed bedrock-alluvial South River, Virginia, USA: GSA Bulletin, v. 130, no. 11-12, p. 1859-1874, https://doi.org/10.1130/B31759.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1859","endPage":"1874","ipdsId":"IP-097841","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia ","otherGeospatial":"South River","volume":"130","issue":"11-12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a2afe4b0702d0e842fb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pizzuto, James E.","contributorId":49424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pizzuto","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13220,"text":"The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Neal, Michael A.","contributorId":207123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Neal","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Narinesingh, Pramenath","contributorId":207124,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Narinesingh","given":"Pramenath","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Skalak, Katherine 0000-0003-4122-1240 kskalak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4122-1240","contributorId":3990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skalak","given":"Katherine","email":"kskalak@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jurk, Dajana","contributorId":207125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jurk","given":"Dajana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Collins, Suzann","contributorId":207126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Suzann","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37457,"text":"CH2M Hill Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Calder, Jacquelyn","contributorId":207127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calder","given":"Jacquelyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37458,"text":"George H. Moody Middle School","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70197457,"text":"70197457 - 2018 - Groundwater flux estimation in streams: A thermal equilibrium approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-05T11:11:51","indexId":"70197457","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater flux estimation in streams: A thermal equilibrium approach","docAbstract":"Stream and groundwater interactions play an essential role in regulating flow, temperature, and water quality for stream ecosystems. Temperature gradients have been used to quantify vertical water movement in the streambed since the 1960s, but advancements in thermal methods are still possible. Seepage runs are a method commonly used to quantify exchange rates through a series of streamflow measurements but can be labor and time intensive. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a thermal equilibrium method as a technique for quantifying groundwater flux using monitored stream water temperature at a single point and readily available hydrological and atmospheric data. Our primary assumption was that stream water temperature at the monitored point was at thermal equilibrium with the combination of all heat transfer processes, including mixing with groundwater. By expanding the monitored stream point into a hypothetical, horizontal one-dimensional thermal modeling domain, we were able to simulate the thermal equilibrium achieved with known atmospheric variables at the point and quantify unknown groundwater flux by calibrating the model to the resulting temperature signature. Stream water temperatures were monitored at single points at nine streams in the Ozark Highland ecoregion and five reaches of the Kiamichi River to estimate groundwater fluxes using the thermal equilibrium method. When validated by comparison with seepage runs performed at the same time and reach, estimates from the two methods agreed with each other with an R2 of 0.94, a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.08 (m/d) and a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.93. In conclusion, the thermal equilibrium method was a suitable technique for quantifying groundwater flux with minimal cost and simple field installation given that suitable atmospheric and hydrological data were readily available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.04.001","usgsCitation":"Zhou, Y., Fox, G.A., Miller, R.B., Mollenhauer, R., and Brewer, S.K., 2018, Groundwater flux estimation in streams: A thermal equilibrium approach: Journal of Hydrology, v. 561, p. 822-832, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.04.001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"822","endPage":"832","ipdsId":"IP-091649","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468683,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.04.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354724,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Kiamichi River, Ozark Highland Ecoregin","volume":"561","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e573e4b060350a15d17b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhou, Yan","contributorId":205427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhou","given":"Yan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fox, Garey A.","contributorId":205428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fox","given":"Garey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Ron B.","contributorId":205429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Ron","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mollenhauer, Robert","contributorId":205275,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mollenhauer","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921 skbrewer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":2252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon","email":"skbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70197448,"text":"70197448 - 2018 - Extreme drought alters frequency and reproductive success of floaters in Willow Flycatchers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-05T10:26:45","indexId":"70197448","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extreme drought alters frequency and reproductive success of floaters in Willow Flycatchers","docAbstract":"Changes in habitat quality, including those caused by extreme events like droughts and floods, could alter costs and benefits of territoriality and thereby the prevalence and reproductive consequences for individuals capable of breeding that do not do so (floaters). We studied floating behavior in a population of Southwestern Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii extimus) in central Arizona during one year of extreme drought, one year of lake inundation, and three years of near average precipitation. In all years, most floaters were second year (SY) males, and most subsequently settled outside of the patch where they were detected in the floating year, suggesting that floaters did not “queue” at high-quality territories in order to achieve higher reproductive success in subsequent years. Instead, cohorts that floated in non-drought years had lower apparent survival and lower reproductive success compared to territorial birds. In the extreme drought year, however, the number of floaters was 1.5 times greater than in all other years combined, more females floated, and apparent survival and mean annual productivity in subsequent years was higher for males that floated in that year than for those that were territorial. Inundation of habitat due to rising reservoir levels did not result in an increase in floaters because many birds nested in inundated areas where trees projected above the water so that the relative amount of available habitat was not reduced to the extent habitat models predicted. Overall, our results indicate that the prevalence and reproductive and demographic consequences of floating can change under extreme climatic events like severe drought.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/AUK-17-206.1","usgsCitation":"Theimer, T., Sogge, M.K., Cardinal, S.N., Durst, S.L., and Paxton, E., 2018, Extreme drought alters frequency and reproductive success of floaters in Willow Flycatchers: The Auk, v. 135, no. 3, p. 647-656, https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-17-206.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"647","endPage":"656","ipdsId":"IP-080040","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1642/AUK-17-206.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":354716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e574e4b060350a15d183","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Theimer, Tad","contributorId":191914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Theimer","given":"Tad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sogge, Mark K. 0000-0002-8337-5689 mark_sogge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-5689","contributorId":3710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sogge","given":"Mark","email":"mark_sogge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cardinal, Suzanne N.","contributorId":205410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cardinal","given":"Suzanne","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Durst, Scott L.","contributorId":196155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Durst","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689 epaxton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben H.","email":"epaxton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":737193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70197442,"text":"sir20185012 - 2018 - Potential impacts of projected climate change on vegetation-management strategies in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-06T13:54:12","indexId":"sir20185012","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5012","title":"Potential impacts of projected climate change on vegetation-management strategies in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park","docAbstract":"Climate change is expected to alter the seasonal and annual patterns of rainfall and temperature in the Hawaiian Islands. Land managers and other responsible agencies will need to know how plant-species habitats will change over the next century in order to manage these resources effectively. This issue is a major concern for resource managers at Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park (HAVO), where currently managed Special Ecological Areas (SEAs) for important plant species and communities may no longer provide suitable habitats in the future as the climate changes. Expanding invasive-species distributions also may pose a threat to areas where native plants currently predominate.
The objective of this project was to combine recent climate-modeling efforts for the state of Hawai‘i with existing models of plant-species distribution in order to forecast suitable habitat ranges under future climate conditions derived from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 3 (CMIP3) global circulation model that was dynamically downscaled for the Hawaiian Islands by using the Hawai‘i Regional Climate Model (HRCM). The HRCM uses the A1B emission scenario (a median future climate projection) from the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES). On the basis of this model, maps showing projected plant-species ranges were generated for four years as snapshots in time (2000, 2040, 2070, 2090) and for three different trajectories of climate change (gradual, linear, rapid) between the present and future.
We mapped probabilistic surfaces of suitable habitat for 39 plant species (both native and alien [nonnative]) identified as being of interest to HAVO resource managers. We displayed these surfaces in terms of change relative to present conditions, whether the range of a given plant species was expected to contract, expand, or remain the same in the future. Within HAVO, approximately two-thirds (18 of 29) of the modeled native plant species were projected to contract in range, whereas one-third (11 of 29) were projected to increase. Most of the HAVO SEAs were projected to lose most of the native plant species modeled. Within HAVO, all alien plant species except Lantana camara were projected to contract in range within the park; this trend was observed in most SEAs, including those at low, middle, and high elevations. Congruence was good in the “current” (2000) distribution of plant-species richness and SEA configurations; however, the congruence between species-richness hotspots and SEAs diminished by the projected “end-of-century” (2090) distribution. Over time, the projected species-richness hotspots increasingly occurred outside of the currently configured SEA boundaries.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185012","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Pacific Islands Climate Adaptation Science Center and University of Hawai‘i at Hilo","usgsCitation":"Camp, R.J., Berkowitz, S.P., Brinck, K.W., Jacobi, J.D., Loh, R., Price, J., and Fortini, L.B., 2018, Potential impacts of projected climate change on vegetation-management strategies in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5012, 151 p., 3 appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185012.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 151 p.","numberOfPages":"164","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077391","costCenters":[{"id":522,"text":"Pacific Islands Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354722,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5012/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":354723,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5012/sir20185012.pdf","text":"Report","size":"62 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Scientific Investigations Report 2018-5012"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.7833,\n 19\n ],\n [\n -155,\n 19\n ],\n [\n -155,\n 19.5333\n ],\n [\n -155.7833,\n 19.5333\n ],\n [\n -155.7833,\n 19\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Quantifying spatial variability in fish growth and identifying large‐scale drivers of growth are fundamental to many conservation and management decisions. Although fish growth studies often focus on a single population, it is becoming increasingly clear that large‐scale studies are likely needed for addressing transboundary management needs. This is particularly true for species with high recreational value and for those with negative ecological consequences when introduced outside of their native range, such as the Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris. This study quantified growth variability of the Flathead Catfish across a large portion of its contemporary range to determine whether growth differences existed between habitat types (i.e., reservoirs and rivers) and between native and introduced populations. Additionally, we investigated whether growth parameters varied as a function of latitude and time since introduction (for introduced populations). Length‐at‐age data from 26 populations across 11 states in the USA were modeled using a Bayesian hierarchical von Bertalanffy growth model. Population‐specific growth trajectories revealed large variation in Flathead Catfish growth and relatively high uncertainty in growth parameters for some populations. Relatively high uncertainty was also evident when comparing populations and when quantifying large‐scale patterns. Growth parameters (Brody growth coefficient [K] and theoretical maximum average length [L∞]) were not different (based on overlapping 90% credible intervals) between habitat types or between native and introduced populations. For populations within the introduced range of Flathead Catfish, latitude was negatively correlated with K. For native populations, we estimated an 85% probability that L∞ estimates were negatively correlated with latitude. Contrary to predictions, time since introduction was not correlated with growth parameters in introduced populations of Flathead Catfish. Results of this study suggest that Flathead Catfish growth patterns are likely shaped more strongly by finer‐scale processes (e.g., exploitation or prey abundances) as opposed to macro‐scale drivers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10055","usgsCitation":"Massie, D.L., Smith, G., Bonvechio, T.F., Bunch, A.J., Lucchesi, D.O., and Wagner, T., 2018, Spatial variability and macro‐scale drivers of growth for native and introduced Flathead Catfish populations: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 147, no. 3, p. 554-565, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10055.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"554","endPage":"565","ipdsId":"IP-090614","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354719,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"147","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e574e4b060350a15d17f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Massie, Danielle L.","contributorId":196717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Massie","given":"Danielle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Geoffrey","contributorId":115958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Geoffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bonvechio, Timothy F.","contributorId":174468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bonvechio","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bunch, Aaron J.","contributorId":90262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunch","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lucchesi, David O.","contributorId":176629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lucchesi","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70197439,"text":"70197439 - 2018 - Small values in big data: The continuing need for appropriate metadata","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-05T10:00:21","indexId":"70197439","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1457,"text":"Ecological Informatics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Small values in big data: The continuing need for appropriate metadata","docAbstract":"Compiling data from disparate sources to address pressing ecological issues is increasingly common. Many ecological datasets contain left-censored data – observations below an analytical detection limit. Studies from single and typically small datasets show that common approaches for handling censored data — e.g., deletion or substituting fixed values — result in systematic biases. However, no studies have explored the degree to which the documentation and presence of censored data influence outcomes from large, multi-sourced datasets. We describe left-censored data in a lake water quality database assembled from 74 sources and illustrate the challenges of dealing with small values in big data, including detection limits that are absent, range widely, and show trends over time. We show that substitutions of censored data can also bias analyses using ‘big data’ datasets, that censored data can be effectively handled with modern quantitative approaches, but that such approaches rely on accurate metadata that describe treatment of censored data from each source.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoinf.2018.03.002","usgsCitation":"Stow, C.A., Webster, K.E., Wagner, T., Lottig, N.R., Soranno, P.A., and Cha, Y., 2018, Small values in big data: The continuing need for appropriate metadata: Ecological Informatics, v. 45, p. 26-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2018.03.002.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"26","endPage":"30","ipdsId":"IP-087729","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2018.03.002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354712,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e574e4b060350a15d189","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stow, Craig A.","contributorId":204103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stow","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36843,"text":"NOAA, Great Lakes Environmental Research Lab","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webster, Katherine E.","contributorId":147903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webster","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lottig, Noah R.","contributorId":172031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lottig","given":"Noah","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Soranno, Patricia A.","contributorId":172104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Soranno","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cha, YoonKyung","contributorId":9741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cha","given":"YoonKyung","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70197462,"text":"70197462 - 2018 - Limited hatchery introgression into wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations despite reoccurring stocking","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-12T16:05:27","indexId":"70197462","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1601,"text":"Evolutionary Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Limited hatchery introgression into wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations despite reoccurring stocking","title":"Limited hatchery introgression into wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations despite reoccurring stocking","docAbstract":"Due to increased anthropogenic pressures on many fish populations, supplementing wild populations with captive‐raised individuals has become an increasingly common management practice. Stocking programs can be controversial due to uncertainty about the long‐term fitness effects of genetic introgression on wild populations. In particular, introgression between hatchery and wild individuals can cause declines in wild population fitness, resiliency, and adaptive potential, and contribute to local population extirpation. However, low survival and fitness of captive‐raised individuals can minimize the long‐term genetic consequences of stocking in wild populations, and to date the prevalence of introgression in actively stocked ecosystems has not been rigorously evaluated. We quantified the extent of introgression in 30 populations of wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in a Pennsylvania watershed, and examined the correlation between introgression and 11 environmental covariates. Genetic assignment tests were used to determine the origin (wild vs. captive‐raised) for 1742 wild‐caught and 300 hatchery brook trout. To avoid assignment biases, individuals were assigned to two simulated populations that represented the average allele frequencies in wild and hatchery groups. Fish with intermediate probabilities of wild ancestry were classified as introgressed, with threshold values determined through simulation. Even with reoccurring stocking at most sites, over 93% of wild‐caught individuals probabilistically assigned to wild origin, and only 5.6% of wild‐caught fish assigned to introgressed. Models examining environmental drivers of introgression explained less than 3% of the among‐population variability, and all estimated effects were highly uncertain. This was not surprising given overall low introgression observed in this study. Our results suggest that introgression of hatchery‐derived genotypes can occur at low rates, even in actively stocked ecosystems and across a range of habitats. However, a cautious approach to stocking may still be warranted, as the potential effects of stocking on wild population fitness and the mechanisms limiting introgression are not known.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eva.12646","usgsCitation":"White, S.L., Miller, W.L., Dowell, S.A., Bartron, M.L., and Wagner, T., 2018, Limited hatchery introgression into wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations despite reoccurring stocking: Evolutionary Applications, v. 11, no. 9, p. 1567-1581, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12646.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1567","endPage":"1581","ipdsId":"IP-094344","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12646","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354729,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e573e4b060350a15d177","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Shannon L.","contributorId":205430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, William L.","contributorId":200356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dowell, Stephanie A.","contributorId":205431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dowell","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bartron, Meredith L.","contributorId":149109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartron","given":"Meredith","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":26874,"text":"USFWS, Lamar, PA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70202768,"text":"70202768 - 2018 - Mapping cropland fallow areas in myanmar to scale up sustainable intensification of pulse crops in the farming system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-26T10:18:32","indexId":"70202768","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T16:27:24","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1722,"text":"GIScience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping cropland fallow areas in myanmar to scale up sustainable intensification of pulse crops in the farming system","docAbstract":"Cropland fallows are the next best-bet for intensification and extensification, leading to increased food production and adding to the nutritional basket. The agronomical suitability of these lands can decide the extent of usage of these lands. Myanmar’s agricultural land (over 13.8 Mha) has the potential to expand by another 50% into additional fallow areas. These areas may be used to grow short-duration pulses, which are economically important and nutritionally rich, and constitute the diets of millions of people as well as provide an important source of livestock feed throughout Asia. Intensifying rice fallows will not only improve the productivity of the land but also increase the income of the smallholder farmers. The enhanced cultivation of pulses will help improve nutritional security in Myanmar and also help conserve natural resources and reduce environmental degradation. The objectives of this study was to use remote sensing methods to identify croplands in Myanmar and cropland fallow areas in two important agro-ecological regions, delta and coastal region and the dry zone. The study used moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) 250-m, 16-day normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) maximum value composite (MVC), and land surface water index (LSWI) for one 1 year (1 June 2012–31 May 2013) along with seasonal field-plot level information and spectral matching techniques to derive croplands versus cropland fallows for each of the three seasons: the monsoon period between June and October; winter period between November and February; and summer period between March and May. The study showed that Myanmar had total net cropland area (TNCA) of 13.8 Mha. Cropland fallows during the monsoon season account for a meagre 2.4% of TNCA. However, in the winter season, 56.5% of TNCA (or 7.8 Mha) were classified as cropland fallows and during the summer season, 82.7% of TNCA (11.4 Mha) were cropland fallows. The producer’s accuracy of the cropland fallow class varied between 92 and 98% (errors of omission of 2 to 8%) and user’s accuracy varied between 82 and 92% (errors of commission of 8 to 18%) for winter and summer, respectively. Overall, the study estimated 19.2 Mha cropland fallows from the two major seasons (winter and summer). Out of this, 10.08 Mha has sufficient moisture (either from rainfall or stored soil water content) to grow short-season pulse crops. This potential with an estimated income of US\\$ 300 per hectare, if exploited sustainably, is estimated to bring an additional net income of about US\\$ 1.5 billion to Myanmar per year if at least half (5.04 Mha) of the total cropland fallows (10.08 Mha) is covered with short season pulses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15481603.2018.1482855","usgsCitation":"Gumma, M.K., Thenkabail, P.S., Deevi, K.C., Mohammed, I.A., Teluguntla, P., Oliphant, A., Xiong, J., Aye, T., and Whittbread, A.M., 2018, Mapping cropland fallow areas in myanmar to scale up sustainable intensification of pulse crops in the farming system: GIScience and Remote Sensing, v. 55, no. 6, p. 926-949, https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2018.1482855.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"926","endPage":"949","ipdsId":"IP-090232","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468691,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/af467f4589c54fb88c59701ee82b602f","text":"External 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Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Oliphant, Adam 0000-0001-8622-7932 aoliphant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8622-7932","contributorId":192325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliphant","given":"Adam","email":"aoliphant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Xiong, Jun 0000-0002-2320-0780 jxiong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2320-0780","contributorId":5276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiong","given":"Jun","email":"jxiong@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Aye, Tin","contributorId":214449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aye","given":"Tin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39045,"text":"International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":759908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Whittbread, Anthony M.","contributorId":214450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittbread","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":39044,"text":"The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":759909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70198933,"text":"70198933 - 2018 - Science at the frontier: Multimethod research to evaluate ecosystem change across multiple scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-27T16:19:30","indexId":"70198933","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T16:19:18","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2863,"text":"New Phytologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Science at the frontier: Multimethod research to evaluate ecosystem change across multiple scales","docAbstract":"Changes in the Earth system occur across the full spectrum of spatial and temporal scales, yet our research approaches to understanding and predicting those changes are typically restricted to a pre-defined window of space and time. For this reason, there is substantial power in integrating different approaches, particularly for research associated with the multifaceted nature of ecosystem responses to global change. Within a given research approach – for example, remote sensing, field experimentation, modeling – science promotes the continued advancement of tools and techniques. As technical advancements continue at an unprecedented rate, new opportunities for integrated, multi-approach research emerge, which could more effectively capture the mechanisms and patterns that drive ecosystem structure and function. A capacity to move beyond comparison and into the realm of integration shows promise for promoting significant advances in Earth system science, as evidenced by the Organized Session Science at the Frontier: Using Multimethod Research to Create New Knowledge and Assess Tools Across Spatial and Temporal Scales on December 12, 2017 at the Fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union in New Orleans, Louisiana.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/nph.15195","usgsCitation":"Tucker, C., Yan, D., Reed, S.C., Dannenberg, M., and Smith, W., 2018, Science at the frontier: Multimethod research to evaluate ecosystem change across multiple scales: New Phytologist, v. 218, no. 4, p. 1318-1320, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15195.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1318","endPage":"1320","ipdsId":"IP-094934","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15195","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"218","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a2b0e4b0702d0e842fbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tucker, Colin 0000-0002-4539-7780 ctucker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4539-7780","contributorId":207299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Colin","email":"ctucker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yan, Dong","contributorId":207300,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yan","given":"Dong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37515,"text":"University of Arizona School of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, Sasha C. 0000-0002-8597-8619 screed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-8619","contributorId":462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Sasha","email":"screed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dannenberg, Matthew","contributorId":207301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dannenberg","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":37515,"text":"University of Arizona School of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, William","contributorId":207337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70196844,"text":"70196844 - 2018 - The map as knowledge base","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-30T15:47:17","indexId":"70196844","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T15:47:04","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5728,"text":"International Journal of Cartography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The map as knowledge base","docAbstract":"This paper examines the concept and implementation of a map as a knowledge base. A map as a knowledge base means that the visual map is not only the descriptive compilation of data and design principles, but also involves a compilation of semantic propositions and logical predicates that create a body of knowledge organized as a map. The digital product of a map as knowledge base can be interpreted by machines, as well as humans, and can provide access to the knowledge base through interfaces to select features and other information from the map. The design of maps as a knowledge base involves technical approaches and a system architecture to support a knowledge base. This paper clarifies how a map as a knowledge base differs from earlier map theory models by investigating the knowledge-based concepts of implementation through logical modelling, a knowledge repository, user interfaces for information access, and cartographic visualization. The paper ends with proof of concepts for two types of cartographic data query.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/23729333.2017.1421004","usgsCitation":"Varanka, D.E., and Usery, E., 2018, The map as knowledge base: International Journal of Cartography, v. 4, no. 2, p. 201-223, https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2017.1421004.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"223","ipdsId":"IP-086226","costCenters":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360842,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varanka, Dalia E. 0000-0003-2857-9600 dvaranka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2857-9600","contributorId":1296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varanka","given":"Dalia","email":"dvaranka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Usery, E. Lynn 0000-0002-2766-2173","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-2173","contributorId":204684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"E. Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70200776,"text":"70200776 - 2018 - Cumulative spring discharge and survey effort influence occupancy and detection of a threatened freshwater mussel, the Suwannee Moccasinshell","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T14:24:23","indexId":"70200776","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T14:24:15","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cumulative spring discharge and survey effort influence occupancy and detection of a threatened freshwater mussel, the Suwannee Moccasinshell","docAbstract":"Freshwater mussels (Unionidae) are among the most imperiled groups of organisms in the world, and the lack of information regarding species distributions, life-history characteristics, and ecological and biological requirements may limit the protection of remaining mussel populations. We examined the influence of hydrologic factors on the occurrence of the Suwannee Moccasinshell Medionidus walkeri, a federally threatened freshwater mussel species, endemic to the Suwannee River Basin in Georgia and Florida. We also evaluated the influence of survey effort on detection of Suwannee Moccasinshell during field surveys. We compiled all recent (2013–2016) mussel survey records in the Suwannee River Basin. We calculated cumulative discharge contributed by upstream springs for each of 220 survey locations. We combined the spring discharge predictor variable with Suwannee Moccasinshell detection and nondetection data from each survey location to develop a suite of occupancy models. Modeling results indicated that detection of Suwannee Moccasinshell during surveys was strongly and positively related to survey effort. Modeling results also indicated that sites with cumulative spring discharge inputs exceeding ∼28 cubic meters per second were most likely (i.e., predicted occupancy probabilities >0.5) to support Suwannee Moccasinshell populations. However, occupancy declined in the lowermost reaches of the Suwannee mainstem despite high spring discharge inputs, presumably due to greater tidal influences and differences in physicochemical habitat conditions. Historical localities where Suwannee Moccasinshell has presumably been extirpated are all devoid of springs in their upstream watersheds. We hypothesize that springs may buffer extremely tannic, and at times polluted, surface waters, in addition to maintaining adequate flows during periods of drought, thereby promoting the persistence of Suwannee Moccasinshell populations. Our study suggests that springs are a critical resource for Suwannee Moccasinshell and may be more important for conservation planning than was previously recognized.
","language":"English","publisher":"Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/052017-JFWM-042","usgsCitation":"Holcomb, J.M., Shea, C.P., and Johnson, N.A., 2018, Cumulative spring discharge and survey effort influence occupancy and detection of a threatened freshwater mussel, the Suwannee Moccasinshell: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 9, no. 1, p. 95-105, https://doi.org/10.3996/052017-JFWM-042.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"105","ipdsId":"IP-079957","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468695,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/052017-jfwm-042","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437880,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7VX0DPM","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Cumulative spring discharge and survey effort influence threatened Suwannee moccasinshell, Medionidus walkeri, occupancy and detection"},{"id":359046,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Suwannee River Basin","volume":"9","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a9aae4b034bf6a7e53ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holcomb, Jordan M.","contributorId":210321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holcomb","given":"Jordan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shea, Colin P.","contributorId":140147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shea","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":13267,"text":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Nathan A. 0000-0001-5167-1988 najohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5167-1988","contributorId":4175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nathan","email":"najohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70201608,"text":"70201608 - 2018 - Long-term effects of fire and harvest on carbon stocks of boreal forests in northeastern China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-18T14:00:07","indexId":"70201608","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T14:00:18","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":792,"text":"Annals of Forest Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term effects of fire and harvest on carbon stocks of boreal forests in northeastern China","docAbstract":"Context
Boreal forests represent about one third of forest area and one third of forest carbon stocks on the Earth. Carbon stocks of boreal forests are sensitive to climate change, natural disturbances, and human activities.
Aims
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of fire, harvest, and their spatial interactions on boreal forest carbon stocks of northeastern China.
Methods
We used a coupled forest landscape model (LANDIS PRO) and a forest ecosystem model (LINKAGES) framework to simulate the landscape-level effects of fire, harvest, and their spatial interactions over 150 years.
Results
Our simulation suggested that aboveground carbon and soil organic carbon are significantly reduced by fire and harvest over the whole simulation period. The long-term effects of fire and harvest on carbon stocks were greater than the short-term effects. The combined effects of fire and harvest on carbon stocks are less than the sum of the separate effects of fire and harvest. The response of carbon stocks was impacted by the spatial variability of fire and harvest regimes.
Conclusion
These results emphasize that the spatial interactions of fire and harvest play an important role in regulating boreal forest carbon stocks.
A suspended sediment transport model is implemented in the unstructured‐grid SUNTANS model and applied to study fine‐grained sediment transport in South San Francisco Bay. The model enables calculation of suspension of bottom sediment based on combined forcing of tidal currents and wind waves. We show that accurate results can be obtained by employing two‐size classes which are representative of microflocs and macroflocs in the Bay. A key finding of the paper is that the critical calibration parameter is the ratio of the erosion of the microflocs to macroflocs from the bed. Different values of this erosion ratio are needed on the shallow shoals and deeper channels because of the different nature of the sediment dynamics in these regions. Application of a spatially variable erosion ratio and critical shear stress for erosion is shown to accurately reproduce observed suspended sediment concentration at four‐field sites located along a cross‐channel transect. The results reveal a stark contrast between the behavior of the suspended sediment concentration on the shoals and in the deep channel. Waves are shown to resuspend sediments on the shoals, although tidal and wind‐generated currents are needed to mix the thin wave‐driven suspensions into the water column. The contribution to the suspended sediment concentration in the channel by transport from the shoals is similar in magnitude to that due to local resuspension. However, the local contribution is in phase with strong bottom currents which resuspend the sediments, while the contribution from the shoals peaks during low‐water slack tide.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2017JC013064","usgsCitation":"Chou, Y., Nelson, K.S., Holleman, R.C., Fringer, O.B., Stacey, M.T., Lacy, J.R., Monismith, S.G., and Koseff, J.R., 2018, Three-dimensional modeling of fine sediment transport by waves and currents in a shallow estuary: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 123, no. 6, p. 4177-4199, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JC013064.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"4177","endPage":"4199","ipdsId":"IP-087057","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jc013064","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356440,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.12103271484375,\n 37.4\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 37.4\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 38.4\n ],\n [\n -123.12103271484375,\n 38.4\n ],\n [\n -123.12103271484375,\n 37.4\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"123","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a2bae4b0702d0e842fc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chou, Yi-Ju","contributorId":206951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chou","given":"Yi-Ju","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":30216,"text":"National Taiwan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Kurt S.","contributorId":206952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holleman, Rusty C.","contributorId":206953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holleman","given":"Rusty","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12703,"text":"San Francisco Estuary Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fringer, Oliver B.","contributorId":206954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fringer","given":"Oliver","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stacey, Mark T.","contributorId":206955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stacey","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lacy, Jessica R. 0000-0002-2797-6172","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-6172","contributorId":201703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Monismith, Stephen G.","contributorId":196322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monismith","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Koseff, Jeffrey R.","contributorId":37915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koseff","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70226900,"text":"70226900 - 2018 - Benthic foraminifera from the Carnarvon Ramp reveal variability in Leeuwin Current activity (Western Australia) since the Pliocene","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-13T16:21:50.969344","indexId":"70226900","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T13:02:46","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Benthic foraminifera from the Carnarvon Ramp reveal variability in Leeuwin Current activity (Western Australia) since the Pliocene","docAbstract":"Benthic foraminiferal assemblages from a ~300 m deep core from an outer carbonate-ramp site off Western Australia (International Ocean Discovery Program Core U1460A) were examined to reconstruct the paleoceanographic evolution of the Carnarvon Ramp and the warm surficial Leeuwin Current (LC) for the last 3.54 Ma. Of the identified 179 benthic foraminiferal species, occurrences of the 15 most abundant taxa were assessed using Q-mode Cluster Analysis and Non-Metric Dimensional Scaling. Diversity, equitability, planktonic/benthic index, microhabitat preference, and sedimentary parameters such as lithology and sponge spicule content were analyzed to gather information about past intermediate- and surface-water circulation. Relative abundances of infaunal and epifaunal species were applied to indicate changes in organic-matter supply and oxygenation at the sea floor.
Influence of upwelling was recognized by a high infaunal species ratio, with dominance by Uvigerina peregrina, Lagena annellatrachia and Trifarina bradyi. Epifaunal species such as Hanzawaia nipponica and Hyalinea florenceae gradually became more abundant around 1.14 Ma, indicating increased ventilation and establishment of the paleo-LC. A more substantial change was initiated by 0.91 Ma as marked by key species Spirorutilus carinatus and Rotorbinella sp., together with increased faunal diversity, benthic foraminiferal accumulation rates, and evidence for suspension feeding sponges. With the LC flow suppressing upwelling, and better ventilated waters entering the shelf, the environment favored epifaunal agglutinates, rotalids, and miliolids, while buliminids decreased. Under high-flow conditions of the LC, sponge spicules and skeletal carbonate production reached an optimum at ~0.6 Ma before returning to modern conditions. Supported by these observations, we propose the following paleoceanographic evolution of the Carnarvon Ramp:
During the late Pliocene to mid Pleistocene (3.54–0.91 Ma) conditions of deep-water upwelling from the Western Australian Current and Indian Ocean Gyre indicate the absence of the capping LC on the outer carbonate ramp.
A transitional phase started in the mid Pleistocene (1.14–0.61 Ma). The paleo-LC triggered gradual oxygenation at the sediment-water interface, which coincided with an increase in carbonate sedimentation rates, and waning sea-surface productivity.
During a third phase, mid Pleistocene to present (0.91–0 Ma), the LC’s intensity and flow rates peaked at ~0.6 Ma. Benthic foraminiferal accumulation rates reached a high, then decreased to present-day rates. For short periods, sea-surface productivity was moderately enhanced, likely due to fluctuating LC persistence or landward shift during glacial maxima.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marmicro.2018.05.005","usgsCitation":"Haller, C., Hallock, P., Hine, A.C., and Smith, C., 2018, Benthic foraminifera from the Carnarvon Ramp reveal variability in Leeuwin Current activity (Western Australia) since the Pliocene: Marine Micropaleontology, v. 142, p. 25-39, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2018.05.005.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"39","ipdsId":"IP-097159","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393111,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":468701,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2018.05.005","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"Australia","state":"Western Australia","otherGeospatial":"Indian Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 103.53515625,\n -31.933516761903675\n ],\n [\n 115.55419921875,\n -31.933516761903675\n ],\n [\n 115.55419921875,\n -27.80020993741824\n ],\n [\n 103.53515625,\n -27.80020993741824\n ],\n [\n 103.53515625,\n -31.933516761903675\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"142","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haller, Christian 0000-0002-2905-2598","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2905-2598","contributorId":270216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haller","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7149,"text":"College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":828721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hallock, Pamela 0000-0002-1813-0482","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1813-0482","contributorId":215416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hallock","given":"Pamela","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39241,"text":"College of Marine Science, University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hine, Albert C.","contributorId":218440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hine","given":"Albert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Christopher G. 0000-0002-8075-4763","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-4763","contributorId":218439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Christopher G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70196301,"text":"70196301 - 2018 - Site-scale disturbance best predicts moss, vascular plant, and amphibian indices in Ohio wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-20T12:17:24","indexId":"70196301","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T12:17:15","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1462,"text":"Ecological Restoration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Site-scale disturbance best predicts moss, vascular plant, and amphibian indices in Ohio wetlands","docAbstract":"Loss of wetland habitats and their associated biological communities is a major environmental concern. Quality assessment indices (QAIs) and indices of biological integrity (IBIs) are useful for assessing the responses of taxa to wetland habitat quality and land use in the surrounding landscape. We synthesized the results of our previous predictive modeling studies of five IBIs and QAIs for communities of mosses, vascular plants, and amphibians in forested and emergent wetlands in Ohio (USA). Overall, the single best predictor of these indices was a metric that estimated site-scale (i.e., within the wetland boundaries) substrate and habitat development, alteration, and disturbance. The second most important predictor was a metric that assessed site-scale wetland plant community types and quality, degree of interspersion, and microtopography. Landscape-scale variables better predicted moss and amphibian indices than either vascular plant index. Our results indicate that applying management practices that reduce the effects of site-scale anthropogenic disturbances and increase habitat complexity, such as creating forested buffers surrounding wetlands, increasing wetland contiguity, and creating hummocks and tussocks may simultaneously enhance amphibian, vascular plant, and moss communities in forested and emergent wetlands. Such a focused strategy may enable management agencies to more effectively apportion resources for wetland restoration and construction projects.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","doi":"10.3368/er.36.2.145","usgsCitation":"Stapanian, M.A., Micacchion, M., Gara, B., Schumacher, W., and Adams, J.V., 2018, Site-scale disturbance best predicts moss, vascular plant, and amphibian indices in Ohio wetlands: Ecological Restoration, v. 36, no. 2, p. 145-156, https://doi.org/10.3368/er.36.2.145.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"156","ipdsId":"IP-075063","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359608,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bf52b69e4b045bfcae2800a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stapanian, Martin A. 0000-0001-8173-4273 mstapanian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-4273","contributorId":3425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"Martin","email":"mstapanian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Micacchion, Mick","contributorId":203759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Micacchion","given":"Mick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36709,"text":"Midwest Biodiversity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gara, Brian","contributorId":52061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gara","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":732237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schumacher, William","contributorId":150060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schumacher","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17898,"text":"Ohio Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198520,"text":"70198520 - 2018 - burnr: Fire history analysis and graphics in R","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T11:41:28","indexId":"70198520","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T11:41:22","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1377,"text":"Dendrochronologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"burnr: Fire history analysis and graphics in R","docAbstract":"We developed a new software package, burnr, for fire history analysis and plotting in the Rstatistical programming environment. It was developed for tree-ring fire-scar analysis, but is broadly applicable to other event analyses (e.g., avalanches, frost rings, or culturally modified trees). Our new package can read, write, and manipulate standard tree-ring fire history FHX files, produce fire—demography charts, calculate fire frequency and seasonality statistics, and run superposed epoch analysis (SEA). A key benefit of burnr is that it enables automation of analyses and plotting, especially for large data sets. The package also facilitates creative plotting, mapping, and analyses when combined with the thousands of packages available in R. In this paper, we describe the basic functionality of burnr and introduce users to fire history analyses in R.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dendro.2018.02.005","usgsCitation":"Malevich, S.B., Guiterman, C.H., and Margolis, E.Q., 2018, burnr: Fire history analysis and graphics in R: Dendrochronologia, v. 49, p. 9-15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dendro.2018.02.005.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-090900","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dendro.2018.02.005","text":"External Repository"},{"id":356274,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc443e4b0f5d57878ea35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malevich, Steven B.","contributorId":173544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malevich","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guiterman, Christopher H.","contributorId":190553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guiterman","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Margolis, Ellis Q. 0000-0002-0595-9005 emargolis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0595-9005","contributorId":173538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Margolis","given":"Ellis","email":"emargolis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70198360,"text":"70198360 - 2018 - New insights on scale-dependent surface-groundwater exchange from a floating self-potential Dipole","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-08T18:33:28.666831","indexId":"70198360","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T11:18:50","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3928,"text":"Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics","printIssn":"1083-1363","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New insights on scale-dependent surface-groundwater exchange from a floating self-potential Dipole","docAbstract":"In south-central Texas the lower Guadalupe River has incised into the outcrop of the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer. The river and the aquifer are hydraulically connected across the outcrop, although the connectivity is obscured at the surface by alluvium and surface-water and groundwater exchange dynamics are currently poorly understood. To investigate surface-water and groundwater exchange dynamics between the lower Guadalupe River and the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer, a geophysical study was completed along a 14.86 km reach of the river by using water-borne gradient self-potential (SP) profiling and two-dimensional direct-current electric resistivity tomography. This paper explores the applicability of these water-borne geoelectric methods in delineating gaining and losing channel reaches, and demonstrates that geoelectric signals in the form of total electric field strength can be logged with an electric dipole and decomposed into component SP signals depicting regional and local groundwater flow patterns attributable to regional and localized hydraulic gradients. Localized SP anomalies of several tens of millivolts, indicative of hyporheic exchange flows, are observed and superimposed upon a 124 mV regional SP anomaly indicative of ambient groundwater exchange flows between the river and the aquifer. The observed SP signals are interpreted through two-dimensional finite-element modeling of streaming potentials attributable to ambient groundwater exchange and hyporheic exchange flow patterns. Variables of the channel environment such as temperature and concentration gradients, depth, and velocity are considered and subsequently eliminated as alternative sources of the SP signals that are presented.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.2113/JEEG23.2.261","usgsCitation":"Ikard, S., Teeple, A.P., Payne, J., Stanton, G.P., and Banta, J., 2018, New insights on scale-dependent surface-groundwater exchange from a floating self-potential Dipole: Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics, v. 23, no. 2, p. 261-287, https://doi.org/10.2113/JEEG23.2.261.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"287","ipdsId":"IP-081400","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356084,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.8876953125,\n 26.194876675795218\n ],\n [\n -93.55957031249999,\n 26.194876675795218\n ],\n [\n -93.55957031249999,\n 33.97980872872457\n ],\n [\n -99.8876953125,\n 33.97980872872457\n ],\n [\n -99.8876953125,\n 26.194876675795218\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc443e4b0f5d57878ea37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ikard, Scott 0000-0002-8304-4935 sikard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8304-4935","contributorId":171751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ikard","given":"Scott","email":"sikard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Teeple, Andrew P. 0000-0003-1781-8354 apteeple@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-8354","contributorId":190757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teeple","given":"Andrew","email":"apteeple@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Payne, Jason 0000-0003-4294-7924 jdpayne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4294-7924","contributorId":1062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Payne","given":"Jason ","email":"jdpayne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":741250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stanton, Gregory P. 0000-0001-8622-0933 gstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8622-0933","contributorId":1583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Gregory","email":"gstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":741251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Banta, J. Ryan 0000-0002-2226-7270 jbanta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2226-7270","contributorId":4723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"J. Ryan","email":"jbanta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":741252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70199839,"text":"70199839 - 2018 - Improving geographically extensive acoustic survey designs for modeling species occurrence with imperfect detection and misidentification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-02T11:12:49","indexId":"70199839","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T11:12:42","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving geographically extensive acoustic survey designs for modeling species occurrence with imperfect detection and misidentification","docAbstract":"Acoustic recording units (ARUs) enable geographically extensive surveys of sensitive and elusive species. However, a hidden cost of using ARU data for modeling species occupancy is that prohibitive amounts of human verification may be required to correct species identifications made from automated software. Bat acoustic studies exemplify this challenge because large volumes of echolocation calls could be recorded and automatically classified to species. The standard occupancy model requires aggregating verified recordings to construct confirmed detection/non‐detection datasets. The multistep data processing workflow is not necessarily transparent nor consistent among studies. We share a workflow diagramming strategy that could provide coherency among practitioners. A false‐positive occupancy model is explored that accounts for misclassification errors and enables potential reduction in the number of confirmed detections. Simulations informed by real data were used to evaluate how much confirmation effort could be reduced without sacrificing site occupancy and detection error estimator bias and precision. We found even under a 50% reduction in total confirmation effort, estimator properties were reasonable for our assumed survey design, species‐specific parameter values, and desired precision. For transferability, a fully documented r package, OCacoustic, for implementing a false‐positive occupancy model is provided. Practitioners can apply OCacoustic to optimize their own study design (required sample sizes, number of visits, and confirmation scenarios) for properly implementing a false‐positive occupancy model with bat or other wildlife acoustic data. Additionally, our work highlights the importance of clearly defining research objectives and data processing strategies at the outset to align the study design with desired statistical inferences.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.4162","usgsCitation":"Banner, K.M., Irvine, K.M., Rodhouse, T., Wright, W.J., Rodriguez, R., and Litt, A.R., 2018, Improving geographically extensive acoustic survey designs for modeling species occurrence with imperfect detection and misidentification: Ecology and Evolution, v. 8, no. 12, p. 6144-6156, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4162.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"6144","endPage":"6156","ipdsId":"IP-092219","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468705,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4162","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7JD4W00","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Online supporting information for "Improving geographically extensive acoustic survey designs for modeling species occurrence with imperfect detection and misidentification""},{"id":358014,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02fe4e4b0fc368eb539a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banner, Katharine M.","contributorId":208354,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banner","given":"Katharine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irvine, Kathryn M. 0000-0002-6426-940X kirvine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6426-940X","contributorId":2218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Kathryn","email":"kirvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodhouse, Thomas J.","contributorId":127378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodhouse","given":"Thomas J.","affiliations":[{"id":6924,"text":"National Park Service, Upper Columbia Basin Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, Wilson J. 0000-0003-4276-3850 wjwright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4276-3850","contributorId":198317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Wilson","email":"wjwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rodriguez, Rogelio M.","contributorId":208357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Rogelio M.","affiliations":[{"id":37789,"text":"Zots Ecological Solutions","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Litt, Andrea R.","contributorId":208358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Litt","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70198565,"text":"70198565 - 2018 - Thamnophis sirtalis fitchi (Valley Gartersnake). Coloration.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-08T11:11:20","indexId":"70198565","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T11:11:15","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Thamnophis sirtalis fitchi (Valley Gartersnake). Coloration.","title":"Thamnophis sirtalis fitchi (Valley Gartersnake). Coloration.","docAbstract":"During surveys for Thamnophis gigas (Giant Gartersnake), I observed an adult T. sirtalis fitchi with unusual coloration— a yellow-cream background color with some typical red coloration laterally, but with very minimal amounts of the dark slate-black (along the sides of the yellow dorsal stripe and on top of the head) that normally predominates in this subspecies (Fig. 1; LACM [Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County] PC 2339, photo voucher). The snake was captured in a modified minnow trap on 21 May 2017, in Sutter County, Sacramento Valley, California, USA. Prior to this capture, our survey crew made two sightings of similarly marked T. s. fitchi at the same field location, and another snake with similar markings was captured at a nearby field location on 13 May 2016 (LACM PC 2341, photo voucher).
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Fulton, A.M., 2018, Thamnophis sirtalis fitchi (Valley Gartersnake). Coloration.: Herpetological Review, v. 49, no. 2, p. 358-358.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"358","endPage":"358","ipdsId":"IP-090675","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356320,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc443e4b0f5d57878ea39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fulton, Alexandria M. 0000-0002-1070-4605 afulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1070-4605","contributorId":200445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"Alexandria","email":"afulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":741951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70201090,"text":"70201090 - 2018 - Flood effects on soil thermal regimes in contrasting cold‐desert river floodplains (Yampa and Green rivers, Colorado)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-28T11:00:18","indexId":"70201090","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T11:00:12","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flood effects on soil thermal regimes in contrasting cold‐desert river floodplains (Yampa and Green rivers, Colorado)","docAbstract":"Heat transfer theory suggests that floodplain soils in dryland riverine ecosystems can be cooled by hyporheic flows generated during spring floods. I compared soil temperature cycles and associated hydrologic factors on a free‐flowing river to those on a river where flows and surface water temperatures are now regulated. Spring surface water temperatures were comparable on the 2 rivers, as was apparent diffusivity of the soil under mature Populus fremontii in a year when severe drought produced similar soil moisture regimes. Over 9 years of monitoring, mean annual maximum soil temperature was higher on the regulated river than on the free‐flowing river (10 cm depth: 33 vs. 23 °C; 40 cm depth: 30 vs. 20°C, respectively), and sinusoidal models of the annual temperature cycle at each depth indicated higher means and greater amplitudes on the regulated river. The annual maximum soil temperature was inversely related to peak flood discharge on the free‐flowing river but not on the regulated river. Temporal shifts in the lag between diel cycles at 40 and 10 cm depths—an index of soil thermal diffusivity—suggested that the capillary fringe is strongly involved in heat exchange. An increase in the lag during some water table declines suggested that shallow soils may undergo flood‐induced evaporative cooling. Hyporheic recharge can be an ecologically important determinant of growing‐season soil temperatures at plant rooting depth in dryland river floodplains. Reductions in spring flood magnitude due to river regulation, water abstraction, or climate change can increase these temperatures and thereby alter ecosystem structure and functioning.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eco.1939","usgsCitation":"Andersen, D.C., 2018, Flood effects on soil thermal regimes in contrasting cold‐desert river floodplains (Yampa and Green rivers, Colorado): Ecohydrology, v. 11, no. 4, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1939.","productDescription":"e1939; 17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-078853","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359759,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Green River, Yampa River","volume":"11","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bffb75de4b0815414ca8e4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andersen, Douglas C. 0000-0001-9040-0654 doug_andersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9040-0654","contributorId":210853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Douglas","email":"doug_andersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70200979,"text":"70200979 - 2018 - Processes and facies relationships in a Lower(?) Devonian rocky shoreline depositional environment, East Lime Creek Conglomerate, south‐western Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-20T10:50:59","indexId":"70200979","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T10:50:47","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5781,"text":"The Depositional Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Processes and facies relationships in a Lower(?) Devonian rocky shoreline depositional environment, East Lime Creek Conglomerate, south‐western Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Rocky shorelines are relatively common features along modern coastlines, but few have been recognized in the geological record. The hard substrates of rocky shorelines telescope the width of offshore marine environments, thus the diagnostic deposits observed in such settings today have a low preservation potential due to small accommodation space and high‐energy conditions. This study recognized previously overlooked, laterally extensive Lower(?) Devonian rocky shoreline deposits in the San Juan Mountains of south‐western Colorado. The newly defined lithostratigraphic unit, the East Lime Creek Conglomerate (ELCC), is 0–23 m thick, unconformably overlying Proterozoic crystalline rocks and unconformably overlain by the Upper Devonian Ignacio Formation and/or Elbert Formation. The unit mostly consists of clast‐supported cobble‐boulder conglomerate with rounded quartzite clasts up to 1.4 m in length interbedded with thin sandstone layers and lenses. Sandstones in the ELCC are distinguished from unconformably overlying Upper Devonian sedimentary rocks because they have sericite cements. Most importantly, there are buttressing relationships between the ELCC and underlying Proterozoic crystalline rocks interpreted as palaeo‐sea cliffs, palaeo‐wave‐cut platforms and palaeo‐tombolos. A proposed rocky shoreline facies model includes headlands with upper shoreface‐beachface tabular cobble‐boulder gravels sourced from rock fall talus, nearshore subaqueous debris‐flow deposits and intervening pocket beaches with imbricated, stratified pebble‐cobble gravel sheets. Palaeocurrent data (n = 338) from clast long‐axis orientations, imbrication and cross‐bedding indicate south‐to‐north transport roughly onshore‐offshore to a coastline consisting of alternating rocky headlands and pocket beaches. This Lower(?) Devonian unit documents a previously unrecognized episode in the geological history of south‐western Colorado.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/dep2.41","usgsCitation":"Evans, J.E., and Holm-Denoma, C.S., 2018, Processes and facies relationships in a Lower(?) Devonian rocky shoreline depositional environment, East Lime Creek Conglomerate, south‐western Colorado, USA: The Depositional Record, v. 4, no. 1, p. 133-156, https://doi.org/10.1002/dep2.41.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"156","ipdsId":"IP-090285","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dep2.41","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":359601,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 37.88027325525864\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 37.88027325525864\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 37.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bf52b69e4b045bfcae2800c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, James E.","contributorId":194435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holm-Denoma, Christopher S. 0000-0003-3229-5440 cholm-denoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3229-5440","contributorId":2442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holm-Denoma","given":"Christopher","email":"cholm-denoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70200935,"text":"70200935 - 2018 - Wildland–urban interface residents’ relationships with wildfire: Variation within and across communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T10:49:16","indexId":"70200935","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T10:49:09","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3405,"text":"Society and Natural Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wildland–urban interface residents’ relationships with wildfire: Variation within and across communities","docAbstract":"Social science offers rich descriptions of relationships between wildland–urban interface residents and wildfire, but syntheses across different contexts might gloss over important differences. We investigate the potential extent of such differences using data collected consistently in sixty-eight Colorado communities and hierarchical modeling. We find substantial variation across responses for all considered measures, much of which occurs at the community-level. Our results show that many aspects of relationships with wildfire meaningfully differ both within and across communities. Our analysis suggests that some wildfire social science results will be relatively consistent across communities, whereas others will not, and this study contributes evidence to broader efforts for understanding which is which. As such, it provides important guidance for transferring the lessons of wildfire social science studies across contexts, and for practitioners who seek to understand the breadth of viewpoints within the communities with which they work.
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Results from a weekly-resolved sediment trap time series (2008–2014) in the northern Gulf of Mexico demonstrate that 92% of Globorotalia truncatulinoides flux occurs in winter (January, February, and March), and that encrusted and non-encrusted individuals represent calcification in distinct depth habitats. We use individual foraminiferal analysis (IFA) of G. truncatulinoides tests to investigate differences in the elemental (Mg/Ca) and isotopic composition (δ18O and δ13C) of the encrusted and non-encrusted ontogenetic forms of G. truncatulinoides, and to estimate their calcification depth in the northern Gulf of Mexico. We estimate that non-encrusted and encrusted G. truncatulinoides have mean calcification depths of 66 ± 9 m and 379 ± 76 m, respectively. We validate the Mg/Ca-calcification temperature relationship for G. truncatulinoides and demonstrate that the δ18O and Mg/Ca of the non-encrusted form is a suitable proxy for winter surface mixed layer conditions in the Gulf of Mexico. Care should be taken not to combine encrusted and non-encrusted individuals of G. truncatulinoides for down core paleoceanographic studies.
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School of Geosciences, Tampa FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spero, Howard J.","contributorId":204636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spero","given":"Howard J.","affiliations":[{"id":33664,"text":"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70255616,"text":"70255616 - 2018 - Prediction uncertainty and data worth assessment for groundwater transport times in an agricultural catchment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-26T13:22:26.75759","indexId":"70255616","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T08:11:56","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of 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Numerical groundwater models may be used to estimate groundwater return times and base-flow ages and thus predict the time required for stakeholders to see the results of improved agricultural management practices. However, the uncertainty inherent in the relationship between (i) the observations of atmospherically-derived tracers that are required to calibrate such models and (ii) the predictions of system age that the observations inform have not been investigated. For example, few if any studies have assessed the uncertainty of numerically-simulated system ages or evaluated the uncertainty reductions that may result from the expense of collecting additional subsurface tracer data. In this study we combine numerical flow and transport modeling of atmospherically-derived tracers with prediction uncertainty methods to accomplish four objectives. First, we show the relative importance of head, discharge, and tracer information for characterizing response times in a uniquely data rich catchment that includes 266 age-tracer measurements (SF6, CFCs, and 3H) in addition to long term monitoring of water levels and stream discharge. Second, we calculate uncertainty intervals for model-simulated base-flow ages using both linear and non-linear methods, and find that the prediction sensitivity vector used by linear first-order second-moment methods results in much larger uncertainties than non-linear Monte Carlo methods operating on the same parameter uncertainty. Third, by combining prediction uncertainty analysis with multiple models of the system, we show that data-worth calculations and monitoring network design are sensitive to variations in the amount of water leaving the system via stream discharge and irrigation withdrawals. Finally, we demonstrate a novel model-averaged computation of potential data worth that can account for these uncertainties in model structure.
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Within the USA, golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) are among the most high-profile species of birds that are at risk from wind turbines. To minimize golden eagle fatalities in areas proposed for wind development, modified point count surveys are usually conducted to estimate use by these birds. However, it is not always clear what drives variation in the relationship between on-site point count data and actual use by eagles of a wind energy project footprint. We used existing GPS-GSM telemetry data, collected at 15 min intervals from 13 golden eagles in 2012 and 2013, to explore the relationship between point count data and eagle use of an entire project footprint. To do this, we overlaid the telemetry data on hypothetical project footprints and simulated a variety of point count sampling strategies for those footprints. We compared the time an eagle was found in the sample plots with the time it was found in the project footprint using a metric we called “error due to sampling”. Error due to sampling for individual eagles appeared to be influenced by interactions between the size of the project footprint (20, 40, 90 or 180 km2) and the sampling type (random, systematic or stratified) and was greatest on 90 km2 plots. However, use of random sampling resulted in lowest error due to sampling within intermediate sized plots. In addition sampling intensity and sampling frequency both influenced the effectiveness of point count sampling. Although our work focuses on individual eagles (not the eagle populations typically surveyed in the field), our analysis shows both the utility of simulations to identify specific influences on error and also potential improvements to sampling that consider the context-specific manner that point counts are laid out on the landscape.
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