This paper introduces a framework for examining connections between the flow field, the texture of the air-water interface, and the reflectance of the water surface and thus evaluating the potential to infer hydraulic information from remotely sensed observations of surface reflectance. We used a spatial correlation model describing water surface topography to illustrate the application of our framework. Nondimensional relations between model parameters and flow intensity were established based on a prior flume study. Expressing the model in the spatial frequency domain allowed us to use an efficient Fourier transform-based algorithm for simulating water surfaces. Realizations for both flume and field settings had water surface slope distributions positively correlated with velocity and water surface roughness. However, most surface facets were gently sloped and thus unlikely to yield strong specular reflections; the model exaggerated the extent of water surface features, leading to underestimation of facet slopes. A ray tracing algorithm indicated that reflectance was greatest when solar and view zenith angles were equal and the sensor scanned toward the Sun to capture specular reflections of the solar beam. Reflected energy was concentrated in a small portion of the sky, but rougher water surfaces reflected rays into a broader range of directions. Our framework facilitates flight planning to avoid surface-reflected radiance while mapping other river attributes, or to maximize this component to exploit relationships between hydraulics and surface reflectance. This initial analysis also highlighted the need for improved models of water surface topography in natural rivers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2017JF004323","usgsCitation":"Legleiter, C.J., Mobley, C.D., and Overstreet, B., 2017, A framework for modeling connections between hydraulics, water surface roughness, and surface reflectance in open channel flows: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 122, no. 9, p. 1715-1741, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JF004323.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1715","endPage":"1741","ipdsId":"IP-082511","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347223,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f05121e4b0220bbd9a1d88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mobley, Curtis D. 0000-0003-0556-3657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0556-3657","contributorId":198040,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mobley","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overstreet, Brandon 0000-0001-7845-6671 boverstreet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7845-6671","contributorId":169201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overstreet","given":"Brandon","email":"boverstreet@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70192872,"text":"70192872 - 2017 - Using remotely sensed data to estimate river characteristics including water-surface velocity and discharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T10:53:16","indexId":"70192872","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using remotely sensed data to estimate river characteristics including water-surface velocity and discharge","docAbstract":"This paper describes a project combining field studies and analyses directed at providing an assessment of the accuracy of remotely sensed methods for determining river characteristics such as velocity and discharge. In particular, we describe a remote sensing method for surface velocities using mid-wave thermal camera videography combined with image analysis. One of the critical problems in this work is determining a method for relating remotely measured water-surface velocities to vertically averaged velocities through a velocity index. We explore three similarity profiles that allow a relationship between surface and vertically averaged velocity to be found either using empirical results or simple roughness-to-depth ratios. To test the approaches we compare them in a situation where vertical structure is known over most of the flow depth through ADCP measurements. By determining best-fit profiles through the ADCP profiles, average values of the velocity index are found for the cross-sections where measurement were made. By comparing these to the predicted velocity indices from the three similarity profiles, we find that, although the differences between the various similarity profiles are substantial, they are smaller than differences associated with local nonuniformity and nonhydrostatic flow. Nevertheless, the velocity indices are accurate to about +/-5%, meaning that remotely sensed vertically averaged velocities can be computed to well within the current accuracy standard for such values when used for river gaging.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"E-proceedings of the 37th IAHR World Congress","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"37th IAHR World Congress","conferenceDate":"August 13-18, 2017","conferenceLocation":"Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","language":"English","publisher":"IAHR","usgsCitation":"Nelson, J.M., Kinzel, P.J., Legleiter, C.J., McDonald, R.R., Overstreet, B., and Conaway, J.S., 2017, Using remotely sensed data to estimate river characteristics including water-surface velocity and discharge, in E-proceedings of the 37th IAHR World Congress, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, August 13-18, 2017, p. 1-10.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-085353","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351649,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.iahrworldcongress.org/index.php/submission/congress-proceedings"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee804e4b0da30c1bfc3d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-7632-8526 jmn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-8526","contributorId":2812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jonathan","email":"jmn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinzel, Paul J. 0000-0002-6076-9730 pjkinzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9730","contributorId":743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"Paul","email":"pjkinzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDonald, Richard R. 0000-0002-0703-0638 rmcd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0703-0638","contributorId":2428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Richard","email":"rmcd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Overstreet, Brandon 0000-0001-7845-6671 boverstreet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7845-6671","contributorId":169201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overstreet","given":"Brandon","email":"boverstreet@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Conaway, Jeffrey S. 0000-0002-3036-592X jconaway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-592X","contributorId":2026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jconaway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70193567,"text":"70193567 - 2017 - Forestry best management practices relationships with aquatic and riparian fauna: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-06T11:21:22","indexId":"70193567","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1689,"text":"Forests","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forestry best management practices relationships with aquatic and riparian fauna: A review","docAbstract":"Forestry best management practices (BMPs) were developed to minimize water pollution from forestry operations by primarily addressing sediment and sediment transport, which is the leading source of pollution from silviculture. Implementation of water quality BMPs may also benefit riparian and aquatic wildlife, although wildlife benefits were not driving forces for BMP development. Therefore, we reviewed literature regarding potential contributions of sediment-reducing BMPs to conservation of riparian and aquatic wildlife, while realizing that BMPs also minimize thermal, nutrient, and chemical pollution. We reached five important conclusions: (1) a significant body of research confirms that forestry BMPs contribute to the protection of water quality and riparian forest structure; (2) data-specific relationships between forestry BMPs and reviewed species are limited; (3) forestry BMPs for forest road construction and maintenance, skid trails, stream crossings, and streamside management zones (SMZs) are important particularly for protection of water quality and aquatic species; (4) stream crossings should be carefully selected and installed to minimize sediment inputs and stream channel alterations; and (5) SMZs promote retention of older-age riparian habitat with benefits extending from water bodies to surrounding uplands. Overall, BMPs developed for protection of water quality should benefit a variety of riparian and aquatic species that are sensitive to changes in water quality or forest structure.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/f8090331","usgsCitation":"Warrington, B.M., Aust, W.M., Barrett, S.M., Ford, W.M., Dolloff, C.A., Schilling, E.B., Wigley, T.B., and Bolding, M.C., 2017, Forestry best management practices relationships with aquatic and riparian fauna: A review: Forests, v. 8, no. 9, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.3390/f8090331.","productDescription":"Article 331 p.; 16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-090020","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f8090331","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348259,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e889e4b09af898c8cb7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrington, Brooke M.","contributorId":199538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warrington","given":"Brooke","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aust, W. Michael","contributorId":199539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aust","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barrett, Scott M.","contributorId":199540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barrett","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark wford@usgs.gov","contributorId":3858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.","email":"wford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":719380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dolloff, C. Andrew","contributorId":97405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolloff","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schilling, Erik B.","contributorId":200017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schilling","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wigley, T. Bently","contributorId":169749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wigley","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Bently","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bolding, M. Chad","contributorId":200018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bolding","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Chad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70194200,"text":"70194200 - 2017 - Structural overshoot of tree growth with climate variability and the global spectrum of drought-induced forest dieback","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T15:17:37","indexId":"70194200","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural overshoot of tree growth with climate variability and the global spectrum of drought-induced forest dieback","docAbstract":"Ongoing climate change poses significant threats to plant function and distribution. Increased temperatures and altered precipitation regimes amplify drought frequency and intensity, elevating plant stress and mortality. Large-scale forest mortality events will have far-reaching impacts on carbon and hydrological cycling, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. However, biogeographical theory and global vegetation models poorly represent recent forest die-off patterns. Furthermore, as trees are sessile and long-lived, their responses to climate extremes are substantially dependent on historical factors. We show that periods of favourable climatic and management conditions that facilitate abundant tree growth can lead to structural overshoot of aboveground tree biomass due to a subsequent temporal mismatch between water demand and availability. When environmental favourability declines, increases in water and temperature stress that are protracted, rapid, or both, drive a gradient of tree structural responses that can modify forest self-thinning relationships. Responses ranging from premature leaf senescence and partial canopy dieback to whole-tree mortality reduce canopy leaf area during the stress period and for a lagged recovery window thereafter. Such temporal mismatches of water requirements from availability can occur at local to regional scales throughout a species geographical range. As climate change projections predict large future fluctuations in both wet and dry conditions, we expect forests to become increasingly structurally mismatched to water availability and thus overbuilt during more stressful episodes. By accounting for the historical context of biomass development, our approach can explain previously problematic aspects of large-scale forest mortality, such as why it can occur throughout the range of a species and yet still be locally highly variable, and why some events seem readily attributable to an ongoing drought while others do not. This refined understanding can facilitate better projections of structural overshoot responses, enabling improved prediction of changes in forest distribution and function from regional to global scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.13636","usgsCitation":"Jump, A.S., Ruiz-Benito, P., Greenwood, S., Allen, C.D., Kitzberger, T., Fensham, R., Martinez-Vilalta, J., and Lloret, F., 2017, Structural overshoot of tree growth with climate variability and the global spectrum of drought-induced forest dieback: Global Change Biology, v. 23, no. 9, p. 3742-3757, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13636.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"3742","endPage":"3757","ipdsId":"IP-080197","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11336/58501","text":"External Repository"},{"id":349076,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb5ce4b06e28e9c22fb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jump, Alistair S.","contributorId":200547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jump","given":"Alistair","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruiz-Benito, Paloma","contributorId":200538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruiz-Benito","given":"Paloma","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greenwood, Sarah","contributorId":200537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenwood","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kitzberger, Thomas","contributorId":181980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kitzberger","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fensham, Rod","contributorId":200542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fensham","given":"Rod","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi","contributorId":200548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martinez-Vilalta","given":"Jordi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lloret, Francisco","contributorId":181986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lloret","given":"Francisco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70193005,"text":"70193005 - 2017 - Diel variation in detection and vocalization rates of king (Rallus elegans) and clapper (Rallus crepitans) rails in intracoastal waterways","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:45:09","indexId":"70193005","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Diel variation in detection and vocalization rates of king (Rallus elegans) and clapper (Rallus crepitans) rails in intracoastal waterways","title":"Diel variation in detection and vocalization rates of king (Rallus elegans) and clapper (Rallus crepitans) rails in intracoastal waterways","docAbstract":"Surveys for secretive marsh birds could be improved with refinements to address regional and species-specific variation in detection probabilities and optimal times of day to survey. Diel variation in relation to naïve occupancy, detection rates, and vocalization rates of King (Rallus elegans) and Clapper (R. crepitans) rails were studied in intracoastal waterways in Virginia, USA. Autonomous acoustic devices recorded vocalizations of King and Clapper rails at 75 locations for 48-hr periods within a marsh complex. Naïve King and Clapper rail occupancy did not vary hourly at either the marsh or the study area level. Combined King and Clapper rail detections and vocalizations varied across marshes, decreased as the sampling season progressed, and, for detections, was greatest during low rising tides (P < 0.01). Hourly variation in vocalization and detection rates did not show a pattern but occurred between 7.8% of pairwise comparisons for detections and 10.5% of pairwise comparisons for vocalizations (P < 0.01). Higher rates of detections and vocalizations occurred during the hours of 00:00–00:59, 05:00–05:59, 14:00–15:59, and lower rates during the hours of 07:00–09:59. Although statistically significant, because there were no patterns in these hourly differences, they may not be biologically relevant and are of little use to management. In fact, these findings demonstrate that surveys for King and Clapper rails in Virginia intracoastal waterways may be effectively conducted throughout the day.","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.040.0307","usgsCitation":"Stiffler, L.L., Anderson, J.T., Welsh, A.B., Harding, S.R., Costanzo, G.R., and Katzner, T., 2017, Diel variation in detection and vocalization rates of king (Rallus elegans) and clapper (Rallus crepitans) rails in intracoastal waterways: Waterbirds, v. 40, no. 3, p. 263-271, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.040.0307.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"271","ipdsId":"IP-082121","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1675/063.040.0307","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348045,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Pamunkey River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.94137573242188,\n 37.507002385534385\n ],\n [\n -76.80061340332031,\n 37.507002385534385\n ],\n [\n -76.80061340332031,\n 37.59301558619924\n ],\n [\n -76.94137573242188,\n 37.59301558619924\n ],\n [\n -76.94137573242188,\n 37.507002385534385\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fadd20e4b0531197b13c7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stiffler, Lydia L.","contributorId":198904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stiffler","given":"Lydia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, James T.","contributorId":28071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Welsh, Amy B.","contributorId":192239,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Welsh","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harding, Sergio R.","contributorId":198906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harding","given":"Sergio","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Costanzo, Gary R.","contributorId":198907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Costanzo","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70192235,"text":"70192235 - 2017 - Climate-driven variability in the occurrence of major floods across North America and Europe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-24T12:18:51","indexId":"70192235","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-driven variability in the occurrence of major floods across North America and Europe","docAbstract":"Concern over the potential impact of anthropogenic climate change on flooding has led to a proliferation of studies examining past flood trends. Many studies have analysed annual-maximum flow trends but few have quantified changes in major (25–100 year return period) floods, i.e. those that have the greatest societal impacts. Existing major-flood studies used a limited number of very large catchments affected to varying degrees by alterations such as reservoirs and urbanisation. In the current study, trends in major-flood occurrence from 1961 to 2010 and from 1931 to 2010 were assessed using a very large dataset (>1200 gauges) of diverse catchments from North America and Europe; only minimally altered catchments were used, to focus on climate-driven changes rather than changes due to catchment alterations. Trend testing of major floods was based on counting the number of exceedances of a given flood threshold within a group of gauges. Evidence for significant trends varied between groups of gauges that were defined by catchment size, location, climate, flood threshold and period of record, indicating that generalizations about flood trends across large domains or a diversity of catchment types are ungrounded. Overall, the number of significant trends in major-flood occurrence across North America and Europe was approximately the number expected due to chance alone. Changes over time in the occurrence of major floods were dominated by multidecadal variability rather than by long-term trends. There were more than three times as many significant relationships between major-flood occurrence and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation than significant long-term trends.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.07.027","usgsCitation":"Hodgkins, G.A., Whitfield, P.H., Burn, D.H., Hannaford, J., Renard, B., Stahl, K., Fleig, A.K., Madsen, H., Mediero, L., Korhonen, J., Murphy, C., and Wilson, D., 2017, Climate-driven variability in the occurrence of major floods across North America and Europe: Journal of Hydrology, v. 552, p. 704-717, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.07.027.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"704","endPage":"717","ipdsId":"IP-060483","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.07.027","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347222,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347151,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002216941730478X"}],"otherGeospatial":"Europe, North America","volume":"552","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f05121e4b0220bbd9a1d85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitfield, Paul H.","contributorId":198041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitfield","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burn, Donald H.","contributorId":198042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burn","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hannaford, Jamie","contributorId":198043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hannaford","given":"Jamie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Renard, Benjamin","contributorId":177291,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renard","given":"Benjamin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stahl, Kerstin","contributorId":198044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stahl","given":"Kerstin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fleig, Anne K.","contributorId":198045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fleig","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Madsen, Henrik","contributorId":198046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madsen","given":"Henrik","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mediero, Luis","contributorId":198047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mediero","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Korhonen, Johanna","contributorId":198048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Korhonen","given":"Johanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Murphy, Conor","contributorId":198049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Conor","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wilson, Donna","contributorId":198051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Donna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70190689,"text":"70190689 - 2017 - The geologic, geomorphic, and hydrologic context underlying options for long-term management of the Spirit Lake outlet near Mount St. Helens, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T09:56:03","indexId":"70190689","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"PNW-GTR-954","title":"The geologic, geomorphic, and hydrologic context underlying options for long-term management of the Spirit Lake outlet near Mount St. Helens, Washington","docAbstract":"The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens produced a massive landslide and consequent pyroclastic currents, deposits of which blocked the outlet to Spirit Lake. Without an outlet, the lake began to rise, threatening a breaching of the blockage and release of a massive volume of water. To mitigate the hazard posed by the rising lake and provide an outlet, in 1984–1985 the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers bored a 2.6-km (8,500-ft) long tunnel through a bedrock ridge on the western edge of the lake. Locally, the tunnel crosses weak rock along faults, and external pressures in these weak zones have caused rock heave and support failures, which have necessitated periodic major repairs. During its more than 30-year lifetime, the tunnel has maintained the level of Spirit Lake at a safe elevation. The lake approaches its maximum safe operating level only when the tunnel closes for repair. The most recent major repair in early 2016 highlights the need for a reliable outlet that does not require repeated and expensive interventions and extended closures. The U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and U.S. Geological Survey developed, reviewed, and analyzed an array of options for a long-term plan to remove the threat of catastrophic failure of the tunnel. In this report, we (1) provide background on natural hazards that can affect existing and alternative infrastructure; (2) evaluate the potential for tunnel failure and consequent breaching of the blockage posed by the current tunnel infrastructure; (3) evaluate potential consequences to downstream communities and infrastructure in the event of a catastrophic breaching of the blockage; (4) evaluate potential risks associated with alternative lake outlets; and (5) identify data and knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to fully evaluate options available to management.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Grant, G., Major, J.J., and Lewis, S.L., 2017, The geologic, geomorphic, and hydrologic context underlying options for long-term management of the Spirit Lake outlet near Mount St. Helens, Washington: General Technical Report PNW-GTR-954, xi, 151 p.","productDescription":"xi, 151 p.","numberOfPages":"166","ipdsId":"IP-079716","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345688,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345658,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/54429"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens, Spirit Lake Outlet","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.35748291015625,\n 46.13179086435745\n ],\n [\n -122.0416259765625,\n 46.13179086435745\n ],\n [\n -122.0416259765625,\n 46.319429593412906\n ],\n [\n -122.35748291015625,\n 46.319429593412906\n ],\n [\n -122.35748291015625,\n 46.13179086435745\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ba43b9e4b091459a5629b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grant, Gordon E.","contributorId":30881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grant","given":"Gordon E.","affiliations":[{"id":12647,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewis, Sarah L. 0000-0002-1824-8739","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1824-8739","contributorId":196363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70192166,"text":"70192166 - 2017 - Atmospheric rivers emerge as a global science and applications focus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-06T13:45:32","indexId":"70192166","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atmospheric rivers emerge as a global science and applications focus","docAbstract":"Recent advances in atmospheric sciences and hydrology have identified the key role of atmo-spheric rivers (ARs) in determining the distribution of strong precipitation events in the midlatitudes. The growth of the subject is evident in the increase in scientific publications that discuss ARs (Fig. 1a). Combined with related phenomena, that is, warm conveyor belts (WCBs) and tropical moisture exports (TMEs), the frequency, position, and strength of ARs determine the occurrence of floods, droughts, and water resources in many parts of the world. A conference at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, California, recently gathered over 100 experts in atmospheric, hydrologic, oceanic, and polar science; ecology; water management; and civil engineering to assess the state of AR science and to explore the need for new information. This first International Atmospheric Rivers Conference (IARC) allowed for much needed introductions and interactions across fields and regions, for example, participants came from five continents, and studies covered ARs in six continents and Greenland (Fig. 1b). IARC also fostered discussions of the status and future of AR science, and attendees strongly supported the idea of holding another IARC at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in the summer of 2018.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0262.1","usgsCitation":"Ralph, F.M., Dettinger, M.D., Lavers, D.A., Gorodetskaya, I., Martin, A., Viale, M., White, A., Oakley, N.S., Rutz, J.J., Spackman, J.R., Wernli, H., and Cordeira, J.M., 2017, Atmospheric rivers emerge as a global science and applications focus: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 98, p. 1969-1973, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0262.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1969","endPage":"1973","ipdsId":"IP-079803","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-16-0262.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":348280,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e88be4b09af898c8cb85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ralph, F. Martin","contributorId":150276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ralph","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Martin","affiliations":[{"id":17953,"text":"Earth Systems Research Lab, NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":714509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":149896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lavers, David A.","contributorId":167847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lavers","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24837,"text":"Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":714510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gorodetskaya, Irina","contributorId":197882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gorodetskaya","given":"Irina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martin, Andrew","contributorId":197883,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Viale, Maximilliano","contributorId":197884,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Viale","given":"Maximilliano","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"White, Allen","contributorId":149943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Allen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17861,"text":"NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory/Physical Sciences Division, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":714514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Oakley, Nina S.","contributorId":197885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oakley","given":"Nina","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rutz, Jonathan J.","contributorId":197886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutz","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Spackman, J. Ryan","contributorId":197887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spackman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wernli, Heini","contributorId":197888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wernli","given":"Heini","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Cordeira, Jason M.","contributorId":197889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cordeira","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70190511,"text":"70190511 - 2017 - It is the time for oceanic seabirds: Tracking year-round distribution of gadfly petrels across the Atlantic Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-05T13:18:34","indexId":"70190511","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"It is the time for oceanic seabirds: Tracking year-round distribution of gadfly petrels across the Atlantic Ocean","docAbstract":"Aim
Anthropogenic activities alter and constrain the structure of marine ecosystems with implications for wide-ranging marine vertebrates. In spite of the environmental importance of vast oceanic ecosystems, most conservation efforts mainly focus on neritic areas. To identify relevant oceanic areas for conservation, we assessed the year-round spatial distribution and spatio-temporal overlap of eight truly oceanic seabird species of gadfly petrels (Pterodroma spp.) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean.
Location
Atlantic Ocean.
Methods
Using tracking data (mostly from geolocators), we examined year-round distributions, the timing of life-cycle events, and marine habitat overlap of eight gadfly petrel species that breed in the Atlantic Ocean.
Results
We compiled 125 year-round tracks. Movement strategies ranged from non-migratory to long-distance migrant species and from species sharing a common non-breeding area to species dispersing among multiple non-breeding sites. Gadfly petrels occurred throughout the Atlantic Ocean but tended to concentrate in subtropical regions. During the boreal summer, up to three species overlapped spatio-temporally over a large area around the Azores archipelago. During the austral summer, up to four species coincided in a core area in subtropical waters around Cape Verde, and three species shared habitat over two distinct areas off Brazil. The petrels used many national Exclusive Economic Zones, although they also exploited offshore international waters.
Main conclusions
Tracking movements of highly mobile vertebrates such as gadfly petrels can provide a powerful tool to evaluate and assess the potential need for and location of protected oceanic areas. As more multispecies, year-round data sets are collected from wide-ranging vertebrates, researchers and managers will have greater insight into the location of biodiversity hotspots. These can subsequently inform and guide marine spatial planning efforts that account for both conservation and sustainable use of resources such as commercial fisheries.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.12569","usgsCitation":"Ramos, R., Carlile, N., Madeiros, J., Ramirez, I., Paiva, V.H., Dinis, H.A., Zino, F., Biscoito, M., Leal, G.R., Bugoni, L., Jodice, P.G., Ryan, P.G., and Gonzalez-Solis, J., 2017, It is the time for oceanic seabirds: Tracking year-round distribution of gadfly petrels across the Atlantic Ocean: Diversity and Distributions, v. 23, no. 7, p. 794-805, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12569.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"794","endPage":"805","ipdsId":"IP-076904","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12569","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59afb79de4b0e9bde1351133","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramos, Raul","contributorId":196169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramos","given":"Raul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlile, Nicholas","contributorId":196170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlile","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madeiros, Jeremy","contributorId":196171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madeiros","given":"Jeremy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ramirez, Ivan","contributorId":196172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramirez","given":"Ivan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paiva, Vitor H.","contributorId":196173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paiva","given":"Vitor","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dinis, Herculano A. 0000-0002-2674-5591","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2674-5591","contributorId":196174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dinis","given":"Herculano","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zino, Francis","contributorId":196175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zino","given":"Francis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Biscoito, Manuel","contributorId":196176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biscoito","given":"Manuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Leal, Gustavo R.","contributorId":196177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leal","given":"Gustavo","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bugoni, Leandro","contributorId":196178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bugoni","given":"Leandro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X pjodice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":1119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","email":"pjodice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":709532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ryan, Peter G. 0000-0002-3356-2056","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3356-2056","contributorId":149037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Gonzalez-Solis, Jacob","contributorId":196179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzalez-Solis","given":"Jacob","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70196118,"text":"70196118 - 2017 - Using remote sensing to characterize and compare evapotranspiration from different irrigation regimes in the Smith River Watershed of central Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T09:51:57","indexId":"70196118","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5656,"text":"Irrigation & Drainage Systems Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using remote sensing to characterize and compare evapotranspiration from different irrigation regimes in the Smith River Watershed of central Montana","docAbstract":"According to the 2005 U.S. Geological Survey national water use compilation, irrigation is the second largest use of fresh water in the United States, accounting for 37%, or 484.48 million cubic meters per day, of total freshwater withdrawal. Accurately estimating the amount of water withdrawals and actual consumptive water use (the difference between water withdrawals and return flow) for irrigation at a regional scale is difficult. Remote sensing methods make it possible to compare actual ET (ETa) rates which can serve as a proxy for consumptive water use from different irrigation regimes at a regional scale in a systematic manner. This study investigates crucial components of water use from irrigation such as the difference of ETa rates from flood- and sprinkler-irrigated fields, spatial variability of ETa within a watershed, and the effect of sprinkler irrigation on the water budget of the study area. The mean accumulated ETa depth for the 1,051 square kilometer study area within the upper Smith River watershed was about 467 mm 30-meter per pixel for the 2007 growing season (April through mid-October). The total accumulated volume of ETa for the study area was about 474.705 million cubic meters. The mean accumulated ETa depth from sprinkler-irrigated land was about 687 mm and from flood-irrigated land was about 621 mm from flood-irrigated land. On average, the ETa rate from sprinkler-irrigated fields was 0.25 mm per day higher than flood-irrigated fields over the growing season. Spatial analysis showed that ETa rates within individual fields of a single crop type that are irrigated with a single method (sprinkler or flood) can vary up to about 8 mm per day. It was estimated that the amount of sprinkler irrigation in 2007 accounted for approximately 3% of the total volume of ETa in the study area. When compared to non-irrigated dryland, sprinkler irrigation increases ETa by about 59 to 82% per unit area.
","language":"English","publisher":"OMICS International","doi":"10.4172/2168-9768.1000188","usgsCitation":"Sando, R., Caldwell, R.R., and Blasch, K.W., 2017, Using remote sensing to characterize and compare evapotranspiration from different irrigation regimes in the Smith River Watershed of central Montana: Irrigation & Drainage Systems Engineering, v. 6, no. 2, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9768.1000188.","productDescription":"Article 1000188; 10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-064076","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469560,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9768.1000188","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352681,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Smith River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.456298828125,\n 46.25\n ],\n [\n -110.54443359375,\n 46.25\n ],\n [\n -110.54443359375,\n 46.82731489926434\n ],\n [\n -111.456298828125,\n 46.82731489926434\n ],\n [\n -111.456298828125,\n 46.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee804e4b0da30c1bfc3cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sando, Roy 0000-0003-0704-6258","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0704-6258","contributorId":3874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sando","given":"Roy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caldwell, Rodney R. 0000-0002-2588-715X caldwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-715X","contributorId":2577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Rodney","email":"caldwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blasch, Kyle W. 0000-0002-0590-0724 kblasch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0590-0724","contributorId":1631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blasch","given":"Kyle","email":"kblasch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70191827,"text":"70191827 - 2017 - Fraction of young water as an indicator of aquifer vulnerability along two regional flow paths in the Mississippi embayment aquifer system, southeastern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T09:00:09","indexId":"70191827","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fraction of young water as an indicator of aquifer vulnerability along two regional flow paths in the Mississippi embayment aquifer system, southeastern USA","docAbstract":"Wells along two regional flow paths were sampled to characterize changes in water quality and the vulnerability to contamination of the Memphis aquifer across a range of hydrologic and land-use conditions in the southeastern United States. The flow paths begin in the aquifer outcrop area and end at public supply wells in the confined parts of the aquifer at Memphis, Tennessee. Age-date tracer (e.g. SF6, 3H, 14C) data indicate that a component of young water is present in the aquifer at most locations along both flow paths, which is consistent with previous studies at Memphis that documented leakage of shallow water into the Memphis aquifer locally where the overlying confining unit is thin or absent. Mixtures of young and old water were most prevalent where long-term pumping for public supply has lowered groundwater levels and induced downward movement of young water. The occurrence of nitrate, chloride and synthetic organic compounds was correlated to the fraction of young water along the flow paths. Oxic conditions persisted for 10 km or more down dip of the confining unit, and the presence of young water in confined parts of the aquifer suggest that contaminants such as nitrate-N have the potential for transport. Long-term monitoring data for one of the flow-path wells screened in the confined part of the aquifer suggest that the vulnerability of the aquifer as indicated by the fraction of young water is increasing over time.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-017-1566-4","usgsCitation":"Kingsbury, J.A., Barlow, J.R., Jurgens, B.C., McMahon, P.B., and Carmichael, J.K., 2017, Fraction of young water as an indicator of aquifer vulnerability along two regional flow paths in the Mississippi embayment aquifer system, southeastern USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 25, no. 6, p. 1661-1678, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-017-1566-4.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1661","endPage":"1678","ipdsId":"IP-075337","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7R78CCC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Well characteristics, water quality and age-date tracer data for wells along two regional flow paths in the Memphis aquifer, southwest Tennessee"},{"id":347282,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.25,\n 34.75\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 34.75\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -90.25,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -90.25,\n 34.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f05121e4b0220bbd9a1d8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kingsbury, James A. 0000-0003-4985-275X jakingsb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4985-275X","contributorId":883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kingsbury","given":"James","email":"jakingsb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barlow, Jeannie R. B. 0000-0002-0799-4656 jbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-4656","contributorId":3701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Jeannie","email":"jbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R. B.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jurgens, Bryant C. 0000-0002-1572-113X bjurgens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-113X","contributorId":127842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jurgens","given":"Bryant","email":"bjurgens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McMahon, Peter B. 0000-0001-7452-2379 pmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Peter","email":"pmcmahon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carmichael, John K. 0000-0003-1099-841X jkcarmic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1099-841X","contributorId":4554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carmichael","given":"John","email":"jkcarmic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70192054,"text":"70192054 - 2017 - Comparing efficiency of American Fisheries Society standard snorkeling techniques to environmental DNA sampling techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-19T16:28:10","indexId":"70192054","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing efficiency of American Fisheries Society standard snorkeling techniques to environmental DNA sampling techniques","docAbstract":"Analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA) is an emerging technique used to detect aquatic species through water sampling and the extraction of biological material for amplification. Our study compared the efficacy of eDNA methodology to American Fisheries Society (AFS) standard snorkeling surveys with regard to detecting the presence of rare fish species. Knowing which method is more efficient at detecting target species will help managers to determine the best way to sample when both traditional sampling methods and eDNA sampling are available. Our study site included three Navajo Nation streams that contained Navajo Nation Genetic Subunit Bluehead Suckers Catostomus discobolus and Zuni Bluehead Suckers C. discobolus yarrowi. We first divided the entire wetted area of streams into consecutive 100-m reaches and then systematically selected 10 reaches/stream for snorkel and eDNA surveys. Surface water samples were taken in 10-m sections within each 100-m reach, while fish presence was noted via snorkeling in each 10-m section. Quantitative PCR was run on each individual water sample in quadruplicate to test for the presence or absence of the target species. With eDNA sampling techniques, we were able to positively detect both species in two out of the three streams. Snorkeling resulted in positive detection of both species in all three streams. In streams where the target species were detected with eDNA sampling, snorkeling detected fish at 11–29 sites/stream, whereas eDNA detected fish at 3–12 sites/stream. Our results suggest that AFS standard snorkeling is more effective than eDNA for detecting target fish species. To improve our eDNA procedures, the amount of water collected and tested should be increased. Additionally, filtering water on-site may improve eDNA techniques for detecting fish. Future research should focus on standardization of eDNA sampling to provide a widely operational sampling tool.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2017.1306005","usgsCitation":"Ulibarri, R.M., Bonar, S.A., Rees, C.B., Amberg, J., Ladell, B., and Jackson, C., 2017, Comparing efficiency of American Fisheries Society standard snorkeling techniques to environmental DNA sampling techniques: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 37, no. 3, p. 644-651, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2017.1306005.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"644","endPage":"651","ipdsId":"IP-085361","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347014,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.55291748046875,\n 35.97467213380802\n ],\n [\n -108.76327514648438,\n 35.97467213380802\n ],\n [\n -108.76327514648438,\n 36.353845104753745\n ],\n [\n -109.55291748046875,\n 36.353845104753745\n ],\n [\n -109.55291748046875,\n 35.97467213380802\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e9b993e4b05fe04cd65c65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ulibarri, Roy M.","contributorId":197754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ulibarri","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rees, Christopher B. crees@usgs.gov","contributorId":5500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rees","given":"Christopher","email":"crees@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amberg, Jon J. jamberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amberg","given":"Jon J.","email":"jamberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":714221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ladell, Bridget","contributorId":197751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ladell","given":"Bridget","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jackson, Craig 0000-0003-4023-0276 cjackson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4023-0276","contributorId":192276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Craig","email":"cjackson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70192097,"text":"70192097 - 2017 - Estimating total maximum daily loads with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-23T15:35:08","indexId":"70192097","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3647,"text":"Transportation Research Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating total maximum daily loads with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model","docAbstract":"The Massachusetts Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Rhode Island DOT are assessing and addressing roadway contributions to total maximum daily loads (TMDLs). Example analyses for total nitrogen, total phosphorus, suspended sediment, and total zinc in highway runoff were done by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with FHWA to simulate long-term annual loads for TMDL analyses with the stochastic empirical loading and dilution model known as SELDM. Concentration statistics from 19 highway runoff monitoring sites in Massachusetts were used with precipitation statistics from 11 long-term monitoring sites to simulate long-term pavement yields (loads per unit area). Highway sites were stratified by traffic volume or surrounding land use to calculate concentration statistics for rural roads, low-volume highways, high-volume highways, and ultraurban highways. The median of the event mean concentration statistics in each traffic volume category was used to simulate annual yields from pavement for a 29- or 30-year period. Long-term average yields for total nitrogen, phosphorus, and zinc from rural roads are lower than yields from the other categories, but yields of sediment are higher than for the low-volume highways. The average yields of the selected water quality constituents from high-volume highways are 1.35 to 2.52 times the associated yields from low-volume highways. The average yields of the selected constituents from ultraurban highways are 1.52 to 3.46 times the associated yields from high-volume highways. Example simulations indicate that both concentration reduction and flow reduction by structural best management practices are crucial for reducing runoff yields.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Transportation Research Board","doi":"10.3141/2638-12","usgsCitation":"Granato, G.E., and Jones, S.C., 2017, Estimating total maximum daily loads with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model: Transportation Research Record, v. 2638, p. 104-112, https://doi.org/10.3141/2638-12.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"104","endPage":"112","ipdsId":"IP-079012","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347162,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2638","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59eeffa5e4b0220bbd988f79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granato, Gregory E. 0000-0002-2561-9913 ggranato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-9913","contributorId":197631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granato","given":"Gregory","email":"ggranato@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Susan Cheung","contributorId":197755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"Cheung","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190690,"text":"70190690 - 2017 - Geomorphic responses to dam removal in the United States – a two-decade perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-13T14:53:16","indexId":"70190690","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geomorphic responses to dam removal in the United States – a two-decade perspective","docAbstract":"Recent decades have seen a marked increase in the number of dams removed in the United States. Investigations following a number of removals are beginning to inform how, and how fast, rivers and their ecosystems respond to released sediment. Though only a few tens of studies detail physical responses to removals, common findings have begun to emerge. They include: (1) Rivers are resilient and respond quickly to dam removals, especially when removals are sudden rather than prolonged. Rivers can swiftly evacuate large fractions of reservoir sediment (≥50% within one year), especially when sediment is coarse grained (sand and gravel). The channel downstream typically takes months to years—not decades—to achieve a degree of stability within its range of natural variability. (2) Modest streamflows (<2-year return interval flows) can erode and transport large amounts of reservoir sediment. Greater streamflows commonly are needed to access remnant reservoir sediment and transport it downstream. (3) Dam height, sediment volume, and sediment caliber strongly influence downstream response to dam removal. Removals of large dams (≥10 m tall) have had longer-lasting and more widespread downstream effects than more common removals of small dams. (4) Downstream valley morphology and position of a dam within a watershed influence the distribution of released sediment. Valley confinement, downstream channel gradient, locations and depths of channel pools, locations and geometries of extant channel bars, and locations of other reservoirs all influence the downstream fate of released sediment.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Gravel bed rivers: Processes and disasters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/9781118971437.ch13","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., East, A.E., O'Connor, J., Grant, G., Wilcox, A.C., Magirl, C.S., Collins, M.J., and Tullos, D.D., 2017, Geomorphic responses to dam removal in the United States – a two-decade perspective, chap. of Gravel bed rivers: Processes and disasters, p. 355-383, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118971437.ch13.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"383","ipdsId":"IP-061134","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345686,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ba43b8e4b091459a5629b3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Tsutsumi, Daizo","contributorId":196410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsutsumi","given":"Daizo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710273,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laronne, Jonathan B.","contributorId":91207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laronne","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710274,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"East, Amy E. 0000-0002-9567-9460 aeast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-9460","contributorId":196364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Amy","email":"aeast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":710169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grant, Gordon E.","contributorId":30881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grant","given":"Gordon E.","affiliations":[{"id":12647,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilcox, Andrew C. 0000-0002-6241-8977","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6241-8977","contributorId":195613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilcox","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Collins, Matthias J. 0000-0003-4238-2038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4238-2038","contributorId":196365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Matthias","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tullos, Desiree D.","contributorId":176667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tullos","given":"Desiree","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70189769,"text":"ofr20171095 - 2017 - Results of hydrologic monitoring on landslide-prone coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T11:32:02","indexId":"ofr20171095","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-31T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1095","title":"Results of hydrologic monitoring on landslide-prone coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington","docAbstract":"A hydrologic monitoring network was installed to investigate landslide hazards affecting the railway corridor along the eastern shore of Puget Sound between Seattle and Everett, near Mukilteo, Washington. During the summer of 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey installed monitoring equipment at four sites equipped with instrumentation to measure rainfall and air temperature every 15 minutes. Two of the four sites are installed on contrasting coastal bluffs, one landslide scarred and one vegetated. At these two sites, in addition to rainfall and air temperature, volumetric water content, pore pressure, soil suction, soil temperature, and barometric pressure were measured every 15 minutes. The instrumentation was designed to supplement landslide-rainfall thresholds developed by the U.S. Geological Survey with a long-term goal of advancing the understanding of the relationship between landslide potential and hydrologic forcing along the coastal bluffs. Additionally, the system was designed to function as a prototype monitoring system to evaluate criteria for site selection, instrument selection, and placement of instruments. The purpose of this report is to describe the monitoring system, present the data collected since installation, and describe significant events represented within the dataset, which is published as a separate data release. The findings provide insight for building and configuring larger, modular monitoring networks.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171095","collaboration":"Prepared as part of a Technical Assistance Agreement with Sound Transit","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.B., Baum, R.L., Mirus, B.B., Michel, A.R., and Stark, B., 2017, Results of hydrologic monitoring on landslide-prone coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1095, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171095.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 48 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-086276","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345113,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1095/ofr20171095.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.69 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1095"},{"id":345112,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1095/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345114,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NZ85WX","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Results of hydrologic monitoring on landslide-prone coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Mukilteo","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.35748291015625,\n 47.87352572966863\n ],\n [\n -122.29225158691406,\n 47.87352572966863\n ],\n [\n -122.29225158691406,\n 47.954064687296885\n ],\n [\n -122.35748291015625,\n 47.954064687296885\n ],\n [\n -122.35748291015625,\n 47.87352572966863\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Geologic Hazards Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-966
Denver, CO 80225
Fishes often exhibit phenotypic divergence across gradients of abiotic and biotic selective pressures. In streams, many of the known selective pressures driving phenotypic differentiation are largely influenced by hydrologic regimes. Because flow regimes drive so many attributes of lotic systems, we hypothesized fish exhibit phenotypic divergence among streams with different flow regimes. We used a comparative field study to investigate the morphological divergence of Campostoma anomalom (central stonerollers) among streams characterized by highly variable, intermittent flow regimes and streams characterized by relatively stable, groundwater flow regimes. We also conducted a mesocosm experiment to compare the plastic effects of one component of flow regimes, water velocity, on morphology of fish from different flow regimes. We observed differences in shape between flow regimes likely driven by differences in allometric growth patterns. Although we observed differences in morphology across flow regimes in the field, C. anomalum did not exhibit morphologic plasticity in response to water velocity alone. This study contributes to the understanding of how complex environmental factors drive phenotypic divergence and may provide insight into the evolutionary consequences of disrupting natural hydrologic patterns, which are increasingly threatened by climate change and anthropogenic alterations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer International","doi":"10.1007/s10682-017-9897-0","usgsCitation":"Bruckerhoff, L., and Magoulick, D.D., 2017, Hydrologic regimes as potential drivers of morphologic divergence in fish: Evolutionary Ecology, v. 31, no. 4, p. 517-531, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-017-9897-0.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"517","endPage":"531","ipdsId":"IP-073023","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354161,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee805e4b0da30c1bfc3de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruckerhoff, Lindsey","contributorId":204873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruckerhoff","given":"Lindsey","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magoulick, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9665-5957 danmag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-5957","contributorId":2513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoulick","given":"Daniel","email":"danmag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190405,"text":"70190405 - 2017 - Trophic structure of mesopelagic fishes in the Gulf of Mexico revealed by gut content and stable isotope analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T12:39:37","indexId":"70190405","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5377,"text":"Marine Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trophic structure of mesopelagic fishes in the Gulf of Mexico revealed by gut content and stable isotope analyses","docAbstract":"Mesopelagic fishes represent an important component of the marine food web due to their global distributions, high abundances and ability to transport organic material throughout a large part of the water column. This study combined stable isotope (SIAs) and gut content analyses (GCAs) to characterize the trophic structure of mesopelagic fishes in the North-Central Gulf of Mexico. Additionally, this study examined whether mesopelagic fishes utilized chemosynthetic energy from cold seeps. Specimens were collected (9–25 August 2007) over three deep (>1,000 m) cold seeps at discrete depths (surface to 1,503 m) over the diurnal cycle. GCA classified 31 species (five families) of mesopelagic fishes into five feeding guilds: piscivores, large crustacean consumers, copepod consumers, generalists and mixed zooplanktivores. However, these guilds were less clearly defined based on stable isotope mixing model (MixSIAR) results, suggesting diets may be more mixed over longer time periods (weeks–months) and across co-occurring species. Copepods were likely important for the majority of mesopelagic fishes, consistent with GCA (this study) and previous literature. MixSIAR results also identified non-crustacean prey items, including salps and pteropods, as potentially important prey items for mesopelagic fishes, including those fishes not analysed in GCA (Sternoptyx spp. and Melamphaidae). Salps and other soft-bodied species are often missed in GCAs. Mesopelagic fishes had δ13C results consistent with particulate organic matter serving as the baseline organic carbon source, fueling up to three trophic levels. Fishes that undergo diel vertical migration were depleted in 15N relative to weak migrators, consistent with depth-specific isotope trends in sources and consumers, and assimilation of 15N-depleted organic matter in surface waters. Linear correlations between fish size and δ15N values suggested ontogenetic changes in fish diets for several species. While there was no direct measure of mesopelagic fishes assimilating chemosynthetic material, detection of infrequent consumption of this food resource may be hindered by the assimilation of isotopically enriched photosynthetic organic matter. By utilizing multiple dietary metrics (e.g. GCA, δ13C, δ15N, MixSIAR), this study better defined the trophic structure of mesopelagic fishes and allowed for insights on feeding, ultimately providing useful baseline information from which to track mesopelagic trophodynamics over time and space.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Ecosystems Mission Area
https://www.usgs.gov/ask/
1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747)
Natural resource monitoring involves repeated collections of resource condition data and analyses to detect possible changes and identify underlying causes of changes. For natural resource agencies, monitoring provides the foundation for management and science. Specifically, analyses of monitoring data allow managers to better understand effects of land-use and other changes on important natural resources and to achieve their conservation and management goals. Examples of natural resources monitored on public lands include wildlife habitats, plant productivity, animal movements and population trends, soil chemistry, and water quality and quantity. Broader definitions of monitoring also recognize the need for scientifically valid data to help support planning efforts and informed decisions, to develop adaptive management strategies, and to provide the means for evaluating management outcomes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173030","usgsCitation":"Manier, D.J., Anderson, P.J., Assal, T.J., Chong, G.W., and Melcher, C.P., 2017, Monitoring the southwestern Wyoming landscape—A foundation for management and science: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3030, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20163030.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-081786","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345007,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3030/fs20173030.pdf ","text":"Report","size":"2.57 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3030"},{"id":345006,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3030/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Fort Collins Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2150 Centre Ave., Building C
Fort Collins, CO 80526-8118
The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) is an obligate apex predator of Arctic sea ice and as such can be affected by climate warming-induced changes in the extent and composition of pack ice and its impacts on their seal prey. Sea ice declines have negatively impacted some polar bear subpopulations through reduced energy input because of loss of hunting habitats, higher energy costs due to greater ice drift, ice fracturing and open water, and ultimately greater challenges to recruit young. Projections made from the output of global climate models suggest that polar bears in peripheral Arctic and sub-Arctic seas will be reduced in numbers or become extirpated by the end of the twenty-first century if the rate of climate warming continues on its present trajectory. The same projections also suggest that polar bears may persist in the high-latitude Arctic where heavy multiyear sea ice that has been typical in that region is being replaced by thinner annual ice. Underlying physical and biological oceanography provides clues as to why polar bear in some regions are negatively impacted, while bears in other regions have shown no apparent changes. However, continued declines in sea ice will eventually challenge the survival of polar bears and efforts to conserve them in all regions of the Arctic.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine mammal welfare","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-46994-2_23","usgsCitation":"Durner, G.M., and Atwood, T.C., 2017, Polar bears and sea ice habitat change, chap. of Marine mammal welfare, p. 419-443, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46994-2_23.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"419","endPage":"443","ipdsId":"IP-075153","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345287,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a67d3de4b0fd9b77ce475a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Butterworth, Andy","contributorId":45100,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butterworth","given":"Andy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708949,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Durner, George M. 0000-0002-3370-1191 gdurner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191","contributorId":3576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durner","given":"George","email":"gdurner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189536,"text":"sir20175078 - 2017 - A process to estimate net infiltration using a site-scale water-budget approach, Rainier Mesa, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada, 2002–05","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T13:26:07.262019","indexId":"sir20175078","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5078","title":"A process to estimate net infiltration using a site-scale water-budget approach, Rainier Mesa, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada, 2002–05","docAbstract":"This report documents a process used to estimate net infiltration from precipitation, evapotranspiration (ET), and soil data acquired at two sites on Rainier Mesa. Rainier Mesa is a groundwater recharge area within the Nevada National Security Site where recharged water flows through bedrock fractures to a deep (450 meters) water table. The U.S. Geological Survey operated two ET stations on Rainier Mesa from 2002 to 2005 at sites characterized by pinyon-juniper and scrub-brush vegetative cover. Precipitation and ET data were corrected to remove measurement biases and gap-filled to develop continuous datasets. Net infiltration (percolation below the root zone) and changes in root-zone water storage were estimated using a monthly water-balance model.
Site-scale water-budget results indicate that the heavily-fractured welded-tuff bedrock underlying thin (<40 centimeters) topsoil is a critical water source for vegetation during dry periods. Annual precipitation during the study period ranged from fourth lowest (182 millimeters [mm]) to second highest (708 mm) on record (record = 55 years). Annual ET exceeded precipitation during dry years, indicating that the fractured-bedrock reservoir capacity is sufficient to meet atmospheric-evaporative demands and to sustain vegetation through extended dry periods. Net infiltration (82 mm) was simulated during the wet year after the reservoir was rapidly filled to capacity. These results support previous conclusions that preferential fracture flow was induced, resulting in an episodic recharge pulse that was detected in nearby monitoring wells. The occurrence of net infiltration only during the wet year is consistent with detections of water-level rises in nearby monitoring wells that occur only following wet years.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175078","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office under Interagency Agreement DE-NA0001654","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.W., Moreo, M.T., Garcia, C.A., Halford, K.J., and Fenelon, J.M., 2017, A process to estimate net infiltration using a site-scale water-budget approach, Rainier Mesa, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada, 2002–05: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5078, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175078.","productDescription":"Report: v, 22 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-070070","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345229,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5078/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345230,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5078/sir20175078.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5078"},{"id":345231,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7222SP5","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Supplemental data from—A process to estimate net infiltration using a site-scale water-budget approach, Rainier Mesa, Nevada National Security Site, 2002-05"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Rainier Mesa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.1333,\n 37.1\n ],\n [\n -116.2667,\n 37.1\n ],\n [\n -116.2667,\n 37.2667\n ],\n [\n -116.1333,\n 37.2667\n ],\n [\n -116.1333,\n 37.1\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, Nevada 89701
This report documents methodology and results of a study to evaluate groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration (GWET) in sparsely vegetated areas of Amargosa Desert and improve understanding of hydrologic-continuum processes controlling groundwater discharge. Evapotranspiration and GWET rates were computed and characterized at three sites over 2 years using a combination of micrometeorological, unsaturated zone, and stable-isotope measurements. One site (Amargosa Flat Shallow [AFS]) was in a sparse and isolated area of saltgrass (Distichlis spicata) where the depth to groundwater was 3.8 meters (m). The second site (Amargosa Flat Deep [AFD]) was in a sparse cover of predominantly shadscale (Atriplex confertifolia) where the depth to groundwater was 5.3 m. The third site (Amargosa Desert Research Site [ADRS]), selected as a control site where GWET is assumed to be zero, was located in sparse vegetation dominated by creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) where the depth to groundwater was 110 m.
Results indicated that capillary rise brought groundwater to within 0.9 m (at AFS) and 3 m (at AFD) of land surface, and that GWET rates were largely controlled by the slow but relatively persistent upward flow of water through the unsaturated zone in response to atmospheric-evaporative demands. Greater GWET at AFS (50 ± 20 millimeters per year [mm/yr]) than at AFD (16 ± 15 mm/yr) corresponded with its shallower depth to the capillary fringe and constantly higher soil-water content. The stable-isotope dataset for hydrogen (δ2H) and oxygen (δ18O) illustrated a broad range of plant-water-uptake scenarios. The AFS saltgrass and AFD shadscale responded to changing environmental conditions and their opportunistic water use included the time- and depth-variable uptake of unsaturated-zone water derived from a combination of groundwater and precipitation. These results can be used to estimate GWET in other areas of Amargosa Desert where hydrologic conditions are similar.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175079","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Nye County, Nevada, and the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office under Interagency Agreement DE-NA0001654","usgsCitation":"Moreo, M.T., Andraski, B.J., and Garcia, C.A., 2017, Groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration, flow of water in unsaturated soil, and stable isotope water sourcing in areas of sparse vegetation, Amargosa Desert, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5079, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175079.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 55 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-081689","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438237,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7ZS2VQR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Selected Evapotranspiration Data, Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nye County, Nevada, 7/5/2011-1/1/2017"},{"id":345331,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7R49NZN","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Evapotranspiration, groundwater, and unsaturated-zone data, Amargosa Desert, Nye County, Nevada, 2011-13"},{"id":345286,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5079/sir20175079.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5079"},{"id":345285,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5079/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"Amargosa Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.3774871826172,\n 36.3588219885685\n ],\n [\n -116.20548248291016,\n 36.3588219885685\n ],\n [\n -116.20548248291016,\n 36.50384103238002\n ],\n [\n -116.3774871826172,\n 36.50384103238002\n ],\n [\n -116.3774871826172,\n 36.3588219885685\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, Nevada 89701
The vertical distribution of zooplankton can have substantial influence on trophic structure in freshwater systems, particularly by determining spatial overlap for predator/prey dynamics and influencing energy transfer. The zooplankton community in some of the Laurentian Great Lakes has undergone changes in composition and declines in total biomass, especially after 2003. Mechanisms underlying these zooplankton changes remain poorly understood, in part, because few studies have described their vertical distributions during daytime and nighttime conditions or evaluated the extent to which predation, resources, or environmental conditions could explain their distribution patterns. Within multiple 24-h periods during July through October 2012 in Lake Huron, we conducted daytime and nighttime sampling of zooplankton, and measured food (chlorophyll-a), temperature, light (Secchi disk depth), and planktivory (biomass of Bythotrephes longimanus and Mysis diluviana). We used linear mixed models to determine whether the densities for 22 zooplankton taxa varied between day and night in the epi-, meta-, and hypolimnion. For eight taxa, higher epilimnetic densities were observed at night than during the day; general linear models revealed these patterns were best explained by Mysis diluviana (four taxa), Secchi disk depth (three taxa), epilimnetic water temperature (three taxa), chlorophyll (one taxon), and biomass of Bythotrephes longimanus (one taxon). By investigating the potential effects of both biotic and abiotic variables on the vertical distribution of crustacean zooplankton and rotifers, we provide descriptions of the Lake Huron zooplankton community and discuss how future changes in food web dynamics or climate change may alter zooplankton distribution in freshwater environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2017.08.004","usgsCitation":"Nowicki, C.J., Bunnell, D., Dieter, P.M., Warner, D.M., Vanderploeg, H.A., Cavaletto, J.F., Mayer, C.M., and Adams, J.V., 2017, Biotic and abiotic factors influencing zooplankton vertical distribution in Lake Huron: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 43, no. 6, p. 1044-1054, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.08.004.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1044","endPage":"1054","ipdsId":"IP-077143","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.08.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345246,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a67d3fe4b0fd9b77ce477e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nowicki, Carly J.","contributorId":195889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nowicki","given":"Carly","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunnell, David B. 0000-0003-3521-7747 dbunnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3521-7747","contributorId":3139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"David B.","email":"dbunnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":708599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dieter, Patricia M. 0000-0003-1686-2679 parmenio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-2679","contributorId":5289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieter","given":"Patricia","email":"parmenio@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warner, David M. 0000-0003-4939-5368 dmwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4939-5368","contributorId":2986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"David","email":"dmwarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vanderploeg, Henry A.","contributorId":195891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vanderploeg","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cavaletto, Joann F.","contributorId":195892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cavaletto","given":"Joann","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mayer, Christine M.","contributorId":50814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70190261,"text":"fs20173065 - 2017 - Salish Kootenai College and U.S. Geological Survey partnership—Enhancing student opportunities and professional development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T09:57:32","indexId":"fs20173065","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-3065","title":"Salish Kootenai College and U.S. Geological Survey partnership—Enhancing student opportunities and professional development","docAbstract":"Salish Kootenai College (SKC), in the Flathead Reservation in the northwestern corner of Montana, is the largest of the seven Tribal colleges in the State. In 2011, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Tribal Liaison Monique Fordham from the Office of Tribal Relations/Office of Science Quality and Integrity began discussions with SKC faculty to examine ways the USGS could assist with classes taught as part of the new hydrology program at the college. With funding provided by the USGS Office of Tribal Relations, Roy Sando from the Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center began collaborating with SKC. From 2012 to 2017, Sando and others have developed and taught eight educational workshops at SKC. Topics of the workshops have included classifying land cover using remote sensing, characterizing stream channel migration, estimating actual evapotranspiration, modeling groundwater contamination plumes, and building custom geographic information system tools. By contributing to the educational training of SKC students and establishing this high level of collaboration with a Tribal college, the USGS is demonstrating its commitment to helping build the next generation of Tribal scientists.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173065","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Salish Kootenai College","usgsCitation":"Sando, Roy, and Fordham, Monique, 2017, Salish Kootenai College and U.S. Geological Survey partnership—Enhancing student opportunities and professional development: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3065, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173065.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-084969","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345201,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3065/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":345202,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3065/fs20173065.pdf","text":"Report","size":"373 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017–3065"}],"contact":"Director, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3162 Bozeman Avenue
Helena, MT 59601