{"pageNumber":"3788","pageRowStart":"94675","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185258,"records":[{"id":96204,"text":"96204 - 1996 - Use of aerial survey and aerophotogrammetry methods in monitoring manatee populations. Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit RWO No. 116 Final Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:56","indexId":"96204","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Use of aerial survey and aerophotogrammetry methods in monitoring manatee populations. Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit RWO No. 116 Final Report","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","language":"English","publisher":"Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","publisherLocation":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL","usgsCitation":"Miller, K., Ackerman, B., Lefebvre, L., and Clifton, K.B., 1996, Use of aerial survey and aerophotogrammetry methods in monitoring manatee populations. Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit RWO No. 116 Final Report, 45 pp.","productDescription":"45 pp.","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db605085","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Karl E.","contributorId":20280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Karl E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, B.B.","contributorId":31698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lefebvre, L.W.","contributorId":78268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lefebvre","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clifton, Kari B.","contributorId":103982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifton","given":"Kari","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70018416,"text":"70018416 - 1996 - Evidence of recent warming and El Nino-related variations in ice breakup of Wisconsin lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:21:52","indexId":"70018416","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of recent warming and El Nino-related variations in ice breakup of Wisconsin lakes","docAbstract":"Ice breakup dates from 1968 to 1988 were examined for 20 Wisconsin lakes to determine whether consistent interannual and long-term changes exist. Each ice record had a trend toward earlier breakup dates, as demonstrated by a negative slope with time, indicating a recent warming trend. The average change in breakup dates was 0.82 d earlier per year for the lakes in southern Wisconsin, which was more extreme than that for the northern Wisconsin lakes (0.45 d yr-1). Interannual variation in breakup dates was related to the warm phase of El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) episodes. El Nino events occurred five times during this period (1965, 1972, 1976, 1982, and 1986). Average breakup dates were significantly earlier than average (5-14 d) during the mature phase of El Nino. This variability was affected by the location of the lake: El Nino-related variation was more evident for the southern lakes than the northern lakes. This difference was caused by the average date of breakup for the southern lakes being in late March directly following the period when air temperatures were strongly related to El Nino events, whereas the average dates of breakup of the northern lakes was in mid- to late April following a period when air temperatures were not significantly related to El Nino events. Overall, the interannual and long-term patterns across Wisconsin were relatively consistent, indicating that recent warming and El Nino- related variation are regional climatic responses.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00243590","usgsCitation":"Anderson, W., Robertson, D.M., and Magnuson, J., 1996, Evidence of recent warming and El Nino-related variations in ice breakup of Wisconsin lakes: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 41, no. 5, p. 815-821.","startPage":"815","endPage":"821","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d69e4b0c8380cd52fda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, W.L.","contributorId":54584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":379503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Magnuson, J.J.","contributorId":85342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magnuson","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70018415,"text":"70018415 - 1996 - Calcioaravaipaite: A new mineral and associated lead fluoride minerals from the Grand Reef mine, Graham County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:25","indexId":"70018415","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2749,"text":"Mineralogical Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calcioaravaipaite: A new mineral and associated lead fluoride minerals from the Grand Reef mine, Graham County, Arizona","docAbstract":"The Grand Reef mine in southeastern Arizona, best known to collectors for superb crystals of linarite, is also the type locality far a unique suite of lead fluoride minerals. Grandreefite, pseudograndreefite, laurelite, aravaipaite, and artroeite have been found nowhere else; added to this group is calcioaravaipaite, described here for the first time.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralogical Record","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00264628","usgsCitation":"Kampf, A., and Foord, E., 1996, Calcioaravaipaite: A new mineral and associated lead fluoride minerals from the Grand Reef mine, Graham County, Arizona: Mineralogical Record, v. 27, no. 4, p. 293-300.","startPage":"293","endPage":"300","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227071,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2f3e4b0c8380cd4b4da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kampf, A.R.","contributorId":91642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kampf","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foord, E.E.","contributorId":86835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foord","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018410,"text":"70018410 - 1996 - Crustal velocity field near the big bend of California's San Andreas fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-13T17:34:28.090253","indexId":"70018410","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal velocity field near the big bend of California's San Andreas fault","docAbstract":"

We use geodetic data spanning the 1920–1992 interval to estimate the horizontal velocity field near the big bend segment of California's San Andreas fault (SAF). More specifically, we estimate a horizontal velocity vector for each node of a two-dimensional grid that has a 15-min-by-15-min mesh and that extends between latitudes 34.0°N and 36.0°N and longitudes 117.5°W and 120.5°W. For this estimation process, we apply bilinear interpolation to transfer crustal deformation information from geodetic sites to the grid nodes. The data include over a half century of triangulation measurements, over two decades of repeated electronic distance measurements, a decade of repeated very long baseline interferometry measurements, and several years of Global Positioning System measurements. Magnitudes for our estimated velocity vectors have formal standard errors ranging from 0.7 to 6.8 mm/yr. Our derived velocity field shows that (1) relative motion associated with the SAF exceeds 30 mm/yr and is distributed on the Earth's surface across a band (>100 km wide) that is roughly centered on this fault; (2) when velocities are expressed relative to a fixed North America plate, the motion within our primary study region has a mean orientation of N44°W ± 2° and the surface trace of the SAF is congruent in shape to nearby contours of constant speed yet this trace is oriented between 5° and 10° counterclockwise relative to these contours; and (3) large strain rates (shear rates > 150 nrad/yr and/or areal dilatation rates < −150 nstr/yr) exist near the Garlock fault, near the White Wolf fault, and in the Ventura basin.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/95JB02394","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Snay, R., Cline, M., Philipp, C., Jackson, D., Feng, Y., Shen, Z., and Lisowski, M., 1996, Crustal velocity field near the big bend of California's San Andreas fault: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 101, no. 2, p. 3173-3185, https://doi.org/10.1029/95JB02394.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"3173","endPage":"3185","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227026,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcf2e4b0c8380cd4e533","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snay, R.A.","contributorId":41161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snay","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cline, M.W.","contributorId":61183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cline","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Philipp, C.R.","contributorId":104647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Philipp","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jackson, D.D.","contributorId":41011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Feng, Y.","contributorId":9785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feng","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shen, Z.-K.","contributorId":97262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shen","given":"Z.-K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lisowski, M.","contributorId":70381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70018499,"text":"70018499 - 1996 - Predictive techniques for river channel evolution and maintenance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:25","indexId":"70018499","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predictive techniques for river channel evolution and maintenance","docAbstract":"Predicting changes in alluvial channel morphology associated with anthropogenic and natural changes in flow and/or sediment supply is a critical part of the management of riverine systems. Over the past few years, advances in the understanding of the physics of sediment transport in conjunction with rapidly increasing capabilities in computational fluid dynamics have yielded now approaches to problems in river mechanics. Techniques appropriate for length scales ranging from reaches to bars and bedforms are described here. Examples of the use of these computational approaches are discussed for three cases: (1) the design of diversion scenarios that maintain channel morphology in steep cobble-bedded channels in Colorado, (2) determination of channel maintenance flows for the preservation of channel islands in the Snake River in Idaho, and (3) prediction of the temporal evolution of deposits in lateral separation zones for future assessment of the impacts of various dam release scenarios on lateral separation deposits in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon. With continued development of their scientific and technical components, the methodologies described here can provide powerful tools for the management of river environments in the future.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1995 International Clean Water Conference on Clean Water: Factors that Influence its Availabilty, Quality and its Use","conferenceDate":"28 November 1995 through 30 November 1995","conferenceLocation":"La Jolla, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/BF00619292","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"Nelson, J.M., 1996, Predictive techniques for river channel evolution and maintenance: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 90, no. 1-2, p. 321-333, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00619292.","startPage":"321","endPage":"333","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205862,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619292"},{"id":227165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8205e4b0c8380cd7b861","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, J. M.","contributorId":68687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70018496,"text":"70018496 - 1996 - XVAN: A computer program for the analysis of spatial estimation errors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:25","indexId":"70018496","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"XVAN: A computer program for the analysis of spatial estimation errors","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0098-3004(95)00099-2","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Olea, R., 1996, XVAN: A computer program for the analysis of spatial estimation errors: Computers & Geosciences, v. 22, no. 4, p. 445-448, https://doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(95)00099-2.","startPage":"445","endPage":"448","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205853,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(95)00099-2"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd1fae4b08c986b32f614","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":26436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":379819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70018495,"text":"70018495 - 1996 - Lithologic analysis from multispectral thermal infrared data of the alkalic rock complex at Iron Hill, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-18T15:18:50.693012","indexId":"70018495","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lithologic analysis from multispectral thermal infrared data of the alkalic rock complex at Iron Hill, Colorado","docAbstract":"

Airborne thermal-infrared multispectral scanner (TIMS) data of the Iron Hill carbonatite-alkalic igneous rock complex in south-central Colorado are analyzed using a new spectral emissivity ratio algorithm and confirmed by field examination using existing 1:24 000-scale geologic maps and petrographic studies. Color composite images show that the alkalic rocks could be clearly identified and that differences existed among alkalic rocks in several parts of the complex. An unsupervised classification algorithm defines four alkalic rock classes within the complex: biotitic pyroxenite, uncompahgrite, augitic pyroxenite, and fenite + nepheline syenite. Felsic rock classes defined in the surrounding country rock are an extensive class consisting of tuff, granite, and felsite, a less extensive class of granite and felsite, and quartzite. The general composition of the classes can be determined from comparisons of the TIMS spectra with laboratory spectra. Carbonatite rocks are not classified, and we attribute that to the fact that dolomite, the predominant carbonate mineral in the complex, has a spectral feature that falls between TIMS channels 5 and 6. Mineralogical variability in the fenitized granite contributed to the nonuniform pattern of the fenite-nepheline syenite class. The biotitic pyroxenite, which resulted from alteration of the pyroxenite, is spatially associated and appears to be related to narrow carbonatite dikes and sills. Results from a linear unmixing algorithm suggest that the detected spatial extent of the two mixed felsic rock classes was sensitive to the amount of vegetation cover. These results illustrate that spectral thermal infrared data can be processed to yield compositional information that can be a cost-effective tool to target mineral exploration, particularly in igneous terranes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1443998","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Watson, K., Rowan, L.C., Bowers, T.L., Anton-Pacheco, C., Gumiel, P., and Miller, S., 1996, Lithologic analysis from multispectral thermal infrared data of the alkalic rock complex at Iron Hill, Colorado: Geophysics, v. 61, no. 3, p. 706-721, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1443998.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"706","endPage":"721","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227118,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4841e4b0c8380cd67d27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watson, K.","contributorId":39123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rowan, L. C.","contributorId":40584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowers, T. L.","contributorId":62647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowers","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anton-Pacheco, C.","contributorId":20485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anton-Pacheco","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gumiel, P.","contributorId":49939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gumiel","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, S.H.","contributorId":8857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70018493,"text":"70018493 - 1996 - Waters associated with an active basaltic volcano, Kilauea, Hawaii: Variation in solute sources, 1973-1991","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-22T12:20:38.550959","indexId":"70018493","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waters associated with an active basaltic volcano, Kilauea, Hawaii: Variation in solute sources, 1973-1991","docAbstract":"

Chemical and isotopic analyses of samples collected from a December 1962-m-deep research borehole at the summit of Kilauea Volcano provide unique time-series data for composition of waters in the uppermost part of its hydrothermal system. These waters have a distinctive geochemical signature: a very low proportion of chloride relative to other anions compared with other Hawaiian waters—thermal (•30°C) or nonthermal (<30°C)—and with most thermal waters of the world. Isotope data demonstrate that the borehole waters are of essentially meteoric origin, with minimal magmatic input.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108<0562:WAWAAB>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Tilling, R., and Jones, B., 1996, Waters associated with an active basaltic volcano, Kilauea, Hawaii: Variation in solute sources, 1973-1991: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 108, no. 5, p. 562-577, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108<0562:WAWAAB>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"562","endPage":"577","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227073,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.5298831158459,\n 19.668190733857983\n ],\n [\n -155.5298831158459,\n 19.07662995285706\n ],\n [\n -154.9358196143554,\n 19.07662995285706\n ],\n [\n -154.9358196143554,\n 19.668190733857983\n ],\n [\n -155.5298831158459,\n 19.668190733857983\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"108","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcf6be4b08c986b32e8b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tilling, R.I. 0000-0003-4263-7221","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7221","contributorId":98311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilling","given":"R.I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, B.F.","contributorId":52156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018487,"text":"70018487 - 1996 - Uranium-series dating of carbonate (tufa) deposits associated with quaternary fluctuations of Pyramid Lake, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:23","indexId":"70018487","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uranium-series dating of carbonate (tufa) deposits associated with quaternary fluctuations of Pyramid Lake, Nevada","docAbstract":"Uranium-series dating of dense tufa deposited in a small cave, at former lake margins, and in large tufa mounds clarifies the timing of lake-level variation during the past 400,000 yr in the Pyramid Lake basin. A moderate-sized lake occasionally overflowed the Emerson Pass sill at elevation of ???1207 m between ca. 400,000 and 170,000 and from ca. 60,000 to 20,000 yr B.P., as shown by 230Th/234U ages of the cave samples, 230Th-excess ages of tubular tufas, and average isochron-plot ages of shoreline-deposited tufas. (By comparison, modern Pyramid Lake is ???50 m below this sill). There is a lack of tufa record during the intervening period from ca. 170,000 to 60,000 yr B.P. After ca. 20,000 yr, Pyramid Lake underwent abrupt changes in level and, based on previous 14C ages, reached its highest elevation (ca 1335 m) at ca. 14,000 yr B.P. The youngest uranium-series ages are comparable with previously reported 14C ages. ?? 1996 University of Washington.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/qres.1996.0028","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Szabo, B.J., Bush, C.A., and Benson, L.V., 1996, Uranium-series dating of carbonate (tufa) deposits associated with quaternary fluctuations of Pyramid Lake, Nevada: Quaternary Research, v. 45, no. 3, p. 271-281, https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1996.0028.","startPage":"271","endPage":"281","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205961,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1996.0028"},{"id":227649,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbdf7e4b08c986b329327","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szabo, Barney J.","contributorId":6848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Barney","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bush, C. A.","contributorId":43344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benson, L. V.","contributorId":50159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70018434,"text":"70018434 - 1996 - Images of crust beneath southern California will aid study of earthquakes and their effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T15:10:57","indexId":"70018434","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Images of crust beneath southern California will aid study of earthquakes and their effects","docAbstract":"

The Whittier Narrows earthquake of 1987 and the Northridge earthquake of 1991 highlighted the earthquake hazards associated with buried faults in the Los Angeles region. A more thorough knowledge of the subsurface structure of southern California is needed to reveal these and other buried faults and to aid us in understanding how the earthquake-producing machinery works in this region.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/96EO00112","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Fuis, G., Okaya, D.A., Clayton, R., Lutter, W.J., Ryberg, T., Brocher, T., Henyey, T., Benthien, M., Davis, P., Mori, J., Catchings, R.D., ten Brink, U., Kohler, M., Klitgord, K.D., and Bohannon, R.G., 1996, Images of crust beneath southern California will aid study of earthquakes and their effects: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 77, no. 18, p. 173-176, https://doi.org/10.1029/96EO00112.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"176","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479145,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160502-142008606","text":"External Repository"},{"id":227384,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.640625,\n 32.287132632616384\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 32.287132632616384\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 37.82280243352756\n ],\n [\n -121.640625,\n 37.82280243352756\n ],\n [\n -121.640625,\n 32.287132632616384\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a387ce4b0c8380cd615ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuis, G. S.","contributorId":83131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"G. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Okaya, D. A.","contributorId":64280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okaya","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clayton, R.W.","contributorId":63413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clayton","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lutter, W. J.","contributorId":90361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutter","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ryberg, T.","contributorId":91643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryberg","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Henyey, T.M.","contributorId":55978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henyey","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Benthien, M.L.","contributorId":20780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benthien","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Davis, P.M.","contributorId":15229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mori, J.","contributorId":24923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mori","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Catchings, R. D.","contributorId":98738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catchings","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":379567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kohler, M.D.","contributorId":47399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohler","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Klitgord, Kim D.","contributorId":82307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klitgord","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":379568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Bohannon, R. G.","contributorId":61808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohannon","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70018406,"text":"70018406 - 1996 - The Border Ranges fault system in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska: Evidence for major early Cenozoic dextral strike-slip motion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-21T16:11:51.950352","indexId":"70018406","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Border Ranges fault system in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska: Evidence for major early Cenozoic dextral strike-slip motion","docAbstract":"

The Border Ranges fault system of southern Alaska, the fundamental break between the arc basement and the forearc accretionary complex, is the boundary between the Peninsular–Alexander–Wrangellia terrane and the Chugach terrane. The fault system separates crystalline rocks of the Alexander terrane from metamorphic rocks of the Chugach terrane in Glacier Bay National Park. Mylonitic rocks in the zone record abundant evidence for dextral strike-slip motion along north-northwest-striking subvertical surfaces. Geochronologic data together with regional correlations of Chugach terrane rocks involved in the deformation constrain this movement between latest Cretaceous and Early Eocene (~50 Ma). These findings are in agreement with studies to the northwest and southeast along the Border Ranges fault system which show dextral strike-slip motion occurring between 58 and 50 Ma. Correlations between Glacier Bay plutons and rocks of similar ages elsewhere along the Border Ranges fault system suggest that as much as 700 km of dextral motion may have been accommodated by this structure. These observations are consistent with oblique convergence of the Kula plate during early Cenozoic and forearc slivering above an ancient subduction zone following late Mesozoic accretion of the Peninsular–Alexander–Wrangellia terrane to North America.

","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/e96-096","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Smart, K., Pavlis, T., Sisson, V., Roeske, S.M., and Snee, L., 1996, The Border Ranges fault system in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska: Evidence for major early Cenozoic dextral strike-slip motion: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 33, no. 9, p. 1268-1282, https://doi.org/10.1139/e96-096.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1268","endPage":"1282","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227644,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -137.11638510129728,\n 58.862706667256305\n ],\n [\n -136.72570704961922,\n 58.862706667256305\n ],\n [\n -136.72570704961922,\n 58.99688217663305\n ],\n [\n -137.11638510129728,\n 58.99688217663305\n ],\n [\n -137.11638510129728,\n 58.862706667256305\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba6a8e4b08c986b321226","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smart, K.J.","contributorId":43627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smart","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavlis, T.L.","contributorId":94473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlis","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sisson, V.B.","contributorId":101104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sisson","given":"V.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roeske, S. M.","contributorId":96865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roeske","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Snee, L.W.","contributorId":99981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snee","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70018409,"text":"70018409 - 1996 - Origin and significance of high nickel and chromium concentrations in pliocene lignite of the Kosovo Basin, Serbia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:14","indexId":"70018409","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin and significance of high nickel and chromium concentrations in pliocene lignite of the Kosovo Basin, Serbia","docAbstract":"Trace element data from 59 Pliocene lignite cores from the lignite field in the Kosovo Basin, southern Serbia, show localized enrichment of Ni and Cr (33-304 ppm and 8-176 ppm, respectively, whole-coal basis). Concentrations of both elements decrease from the western and southern boundaries of the lignite field. Low-temperature ash and polished coal pellets of selected bench and whole-coal samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analyses. These analyses show that most of the Ni and Cr are incorporated in detrital and, to a lesser degree, in authigenic minerals. The Ni- and Cr-bearing detrital minerals include oxides, chromites, serpentine-group minerals and rare mixed-layer clays. Possible authigenic minerals include Ni-Fe sulfates and sulfides. Analyses of three lignite samples by a supercritical fluid extraction technique indicate that some (1-11%) of the Ni is organically bound. Ni- and Cr-bearing oxides, mixed-layer clays, chromites and serpentine-group minerals were also identified in weathered and fresh samples of laterite developed on serpentinized Paleozoic peridotite at the nearby Glavica and C??ikatovo Ni mines. These mines are located along the western and northwestern rim, respectively, of the Kosovo Basin, where Ni contents are highest. The detrital Ni- and Cr-bearing minerals identified in lignite samples from the western part of the Kosovo Basin may have been transported into the paleoswamp by rivers that drained the two Paleocene laterites. Some Ni may have been transported directly into the paleoswamp in solution or, alternatively, Ni may have been leached from detrital minerals by acidic peat water and adsorbed onto organic matter and included into authigenic mineral phases. No minable source of Ni and Cr is known in the southern part of the lignite field; however, the mineral and chemical data from the lignite and associated rocks suggest that such a source area may exist.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0166-5162(95)00031-3","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Ruppert, L., Finkelman, R., Boti, E., Milosavljevic, M., Tewalt, S., Simon, N., and Dulong, F., 1996, Origin and significance of high nickel and chromium concentrations in pliocene lignite of the Kosovo Basin, Serbia: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 29, no. 4, p. 235-258, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(95)00031-3.","startPage":"235","endPage":"258","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205824,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(95)00031-3"},{"id":226985,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a70bce4b0c8380cd761ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruppert, L. 0000-0003-4990-0539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":10561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finkelman, R.","contributorId":56812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boti, E.","contributorId":10174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boti","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milosavljevic, M.","contributorId":54747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milosavljevic","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tewalt, S.","contributorId":68048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tewalt","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Simon, N.","contributorId":92001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dulong, F. 0000-0001-7388-647X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7388-647X","contributorId":74880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dulong","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70018483,"text":"70018483 - 1996 - Rupture distribution of the 1977 western Argentina earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-22T15:40:26","indexId":"70018483","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3071,"text":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rupture distribution of the 1977 western Argentina earthquake","docAbstract":"Teleseismic P and SH body waves are used in a finite-fault, waveform inversion for the rupture history of the 23 November 1977 western Argentina earthquake. This double event consists of a smaller foreshock (M0 = 5.3 ?? 1026 dyn-cm) followed about 20 s later by a larger main shock (M0 = 1.5 ?? 1027 dyn-cm). Our analysis indicates that these two events occurred on different fault segments: with the foreshock having a strike, dip, and average rake of 345??, 45??E, and 50??, and the main shock 10??, 45??E, and 80??, respectively. The foreshock initiated at a depth of 17 km and propagated updip and to the north. The main shock initiated at the southern end of the foreshock zone at a depth of 25 to 30 km, and propagated updip and unilaterally to the south. The north-south separation of the centroids of the moment release for the foreshock and main shock is about 60 km. The apparent triggering of the main shock by the foreshock is similar to other earthquakes that have involved the failure of multiple fault segments, such as the 1992 Landers, California, earthquake. Such occurrences argue against the use of individual, mapped, surface fault or fault-segment lengths in the determination of the size and frequency of future earthquakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0031-9201(95)03080-8","issn":"00319201","usgsCitation":"Langer, C., and Hartzell, S., 1996, Rupture distribution of the 1977 western Argentina earthquake: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, v. 94, no. 1-2, p. 121-132, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(95)03080-8.","startPage":"121","endPage":"132","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266263,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(95)03080-8"}],"volume":"94","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaecde4b0c8380cd8721c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, C.J.","contributorId":31395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartzell, S.","contributorId":12603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018581,"text":"70018581 - 1996 - Integrated biostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic framework for Upper Cretaceous strata of the eastern Gulf Coastal Plain, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:26","indexId":"70018581","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1344,"text":"Cretaceous Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated biostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic framework for Upper Cretaceous strata of the eastern Gulf Coastal Plain, USA","docAbstract":"Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-Maastrichtian stages) strata of the eastern US Gulf Coastal Plain represent a relatively complete section of marine to nonmarine mixed siliciclastic and carbonate sediments. This section includes three depositional sequences which display characteristic systems tracts and distinct physical defining surfaces. The marine lithofacies are rich in calcareous nannoplankton and planktonic foraminifera which can be used for biostratigraphic zonation. Integration of this zonation with the lithostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of these strata results in a framework that can be used for local and regional intrabasin correlation and potentially for global interbasin correlation. Only the synchronous maximum flooding surfaces of these depositional sequences, however, have chronostratigraphic significance. The sequence boundaries and initial flooding surfaces are diachronous, and their use for correlation can produce conflicting results. The availability of high resolution biostratigraphy is critical for global correlation of depositional sequences. ?? 1996 Academic Press Limited.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cretaceous Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/cres.1996.0035","issn":"01956671","usgsCitation":"Mancini, E.A., Puckett, T., and Tew, B., 1996, Integrated biostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic framework for Upper Cretaceous strata of the eastern Gulf Coastal Plain, USA: Cretaceous Research, v. 17, no. 6, p. 645-669, https://doi.org/10.1006/cres.1996.0035.","startPage":"645","endPage":"669","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205855,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/cres.1996.0035"}],"volume":"17","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c5ce4b0c8380cd62ca1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mancini, E. A.","contributorId":18114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mancini","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Puckett, T.M.","contributorId":24106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puckett","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tew, B.H.","contributorId":74149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tew","given":"B.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":7000052,"text":"7000052 - 1996 - Water use in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:06","indexId":"7000052","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":363,"text":"General Interest Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Water use in the United States","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/7000052","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, R.R., and Perlman, H.A., 1996, Water use in the United States: General Interest Publication, 7 p. : ill., map ; 23 x 11 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/7000052.","productDescription":"7 p. : ill., map ; 23 x 11 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":198257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee2d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Robert R. Jr.","contributorId":105405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perlman, Howard A.","contributorId":86323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perlman","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018445,"text":"70018445 - 1996 - Uranium-series disequilibrium, sedimentation, diatom frustules, and paleoclimate change in Lake Baikal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-09T00:46:15.253825","indexId":"70018445","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uranium-series disequilibrium, sedimentation, diatom frustules, and paleoclimate change in Lake Baikal","docAbstract":"

The large volume of water, approximately one-fifth of the total surface fresh water on the planet, contained in Lake Baikal in southeastern Siberia is distinguished by having a relatively high concentration of uranium (ca. 2 nM), and, together with the surface sediments, an unusually high234U238U alpha activity ratio of 1.95. About 80% of the input of uranium to the lake, with a234U238U ratio of 2.0, comes from the Selenga River. Profiles of uranium, as well as the extent of isotopic disequilibrium in a 9 m sediment core collected on Academic Ridge, generally show high values during interglacial periods corresponding to high diatom frustule numbers (DiFr) and biogenic silica (BSi) data that have been reported elsewhere. During glacial periods (low DiFr and BSi), uranium progeny (234U and230Th) were in secular equilibrium with low concentrations of their parent238U. Radionuclide distributions were interpreted in terms of a quantitative model allowing for adsorption of riverine inputs of uranium onto two classes of sedimenting particles with differing238U232Th ratios and uranium progeny in secular equilibrium. If the234U238U activity ratio of adsorbed uranium has remained constant, mean sedimentation rates can be independently estimated as 3.6 ± 0.6 and 3.7 ± 0.9 cm · kyr−1 for the decay of234U and in-growth of230Th, respectively. These rates are consistent with a mean rate of 3.76 cm · kyr−1, calculated by optimization of the correspondence between adsorbed238U and δ18O in dated oceanic sediments. The adsorbed uranium apparently tracks variable river flow during interglacials and is drastically reduced during periods of glaciation. Evidently, uranium has not been significantly redistributed within Baikal sediments over at least the past 250 kyr and is a unique, biologically non-essential, tracer for climate-sensitive processes, which provide their own internal geochronometers, potentially useful for ages up to 1 Myr BP.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(96)00085-4","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Edgington, D., Robbins, J.A., Colman, S.M., Orlandini, K., and Gustin, M., 1996, Uranium-series disequilibrium, sedimentation, diatom frustules, and paleoclimate change in Lake Baikal: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 142, no. 1-2, p. 29-42, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(96)00085-4.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"42","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227560,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 108.6328125,\n 53.1335898292448\n ],\n [\n 109.5556640625,\n 54.380557368630654\n ],\n [\n 109.9072265625,\n 55.429013452407396\n ],\n [\n 109.6875,\n 55.83831352210821\n ],\n [\n 109.16015624999999,\n 55.3915921070334\n ],\n [\n 108.56689453125,\n 54.62297813269033\n ],\n [\n 107.5341796875,\n 53.63161060657857\n ],\n [\n 106.61132812499999,\n 53.028000167735165\n ],\n [\n 105.6884765625,\n 52.348763181988105\n ],\n [\n 104.5458984375,\n 51.83577752045248\n ],\n [\n 103.68896484375,\n 51.69979984974196\n ],\n [\n 104.17236328125,\n 51.536085601784755\n ],\n [\n 105.40283203124999,\n 51.68617954855624\n ],\n [\n 106.23779296875,\n 51.890053935216926\n ],\n [\n 107.490234375,\n 52.72298552457067\n ],\n [\n 108.6328125,\n 53.1335898292448\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"142","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe01e4b08c986b329365","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edgington, D.N.","contributorId":14587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgington","given":"D.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robbins, J. A.","contributorId":41843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robbins","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colman, Steven M. 0000-0002-0564-9576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9576","contributorId":77482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":379607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orlandini, K.A.","contributorId":7434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlandini","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gustin, M.-P.","contributorId":49126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustin","given":"M.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70018444,"text":"70018444 - 1996 - Clinobisvanite, eulytite, and namibite from the Pala pegmatite district, San Diego Co., California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-04T16:56:55.052204","indexId":"70018444","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2748,"text":"Mineralogical Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Clinobisvanite, eulytite, and namibite from the Pala pegmatite district, San Diego Co., California, USA","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1180/minmag.1996.060.399.14","usgsCitation":"Foord, E.E., 1996, Clinobisvanite, eulytite, and namibite from the Pala pegmatite district, San Diego Co., California, USA: Mineralogical Magazine, v. 60, no. 2, p. 387-388, https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1996.060.399.14.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"388","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227516,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.30397037374222,\n 32.84257262633122\n ],\n [\n -117.30397037374222,\n 32.67946846399572\n ],\n [\n -116.9404228020268,\n 32.67946846399572\n ],\n [\n -116.9404228020268,\n 32.84257262633122\n ],\n [\n -117.30397037374222,\n 32.84257262633122\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f670e4b0c8380cd4c773","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foord, Eugene E.","contributorId":96319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foord","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70018442,"text":"70018442 - 1996 - Bulgarian archaeoastronomy site or Bulgarian quarry site?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:23","indexId":"70018442","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2201,"text":"Journal of Cave and Karst Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bulgarian archaeoastronomy site or Bulgarian quarry site?","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Cave and Karst Studies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10906924","usgsCitation":"Mark, R.K., and Rogers, B.W., 1996, Bulgarian archaeoastronomy site or Bulgarian quarry site?: Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 58, no. 1, p. 56-58.","startPage":"56","endPage":"58","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2ace4b0c8380cd4b2ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mark, R. K.","contributorId":32159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, B. W.","contributorId":102130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018130,"text":"70018130 - 1996 - Covalent binding of aniline to humic substances. 1. Kinetic studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-20T07:28:20","indexId":"70018130","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Covalent binding of aniline to humic substances. 1. Kinetic studies","docAbstract":"The reaction kinetics for the covalent binding of aniline with reconstituted IHSS humic and fulvic acids, unfractionated DOM isolated from Suwannee River water, and whole samples of Suwannee River water have been investigated. The reaction kinetics in each of these systems can be adequately described by a simple second-order rate expression. The effect of varying the initial concentration of aniline on reaction kinetics suggested that approximately 10% of the covalent binding sites associated with Suwannee River fulvic acid are highly reactive sites that are quickly saturated. Based on the kinetic parameters determined for the binding of aniline with the Suwannee River fulvic and humic acid isolates, it was estimated that 50% of the aniline concentration decrease in a Suwannee River water sample could be attributed to reaction with the fulvic and humic acid components of the whole water sample. Studies with Suwannee River fulvic acid demonstrated that the rate of binding decreased with decreasing pH, which parallels the decrease in the effective concentration of the neutral form, or reactive nucleophilic species of aniline. The covalent binding of aniline with Suwannee River fulvic acid was inhibited by prior treatment of the fulvic acid with hydrogen sulfide, sodium borohydride, or hydroxylamine. These observations are consistent with a reaction pathway involving nucleophilic addition of aniline to carbonyl moieties present in the fulvic acid.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es9509341","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Weber, E., Spidle, D., and Thorn, K.A., 1996, Covalent binding of aniline to humic substances. 1. Kinetic studies: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 30, no. 9, p. 2755-2763, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9509341.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2755","endPage":"2763","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205939,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9509341"}],"volume":"30","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-08-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc8fe4b0c8380cd4e304","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weber, E.J.","contributorId":78100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"E.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spidle, D.L.","contributorId":39955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spidle","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thorn, K. A.","contributorId":33294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70018408,"text":"70018408 - 1996 - The effect of membrane filtration on dissolved trace element concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T17:28:00.556115","indexId":"70018408","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of membrane filtration on dissolved trace element concentrations","docAbstract":"

The almost universally accepted operational definition for dissolved constituents is based on processing

The almost universally accepted operational definition for dissolved constituents is based on processing whole-water samples through a 0.45-μm membrane filter. Results from field and laboratory experiments indicate that a number of factors associated with filtration, other than just pore size (e.g., diameter, manufacturer, volume of sample processed, amount of suspended sediment in the sample), can produce substantial variations in the ‘disolved’ concentrations of such elements as Fe, Al, Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, and Ni. These variations result from the inclusion/exclusion of colloidally-associated trace elements. Thus, 'dissolved' concentrations quantitated by analyzing filtrates generated by processing whole-water through similar pore-sized membrane filters may not be equal/comparable. As such, simple filtration through a 0.45-μm membrane filter may no longer represent an acceptable operational definition for dissolved chemical constituents. This conclusion may have important implications for environmental studies and regulatory agencies.

","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1995 International Clean Water Conference on Clean Water: Factors that Influence its Availabilty, Quality and its Use","conferenceDate":"Nov 28-30, 1995","conferenceLocation":"La Jolla, CA","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/BF00619288","usgsCitation":"Horowitz, A.J., Lum, K., Garbarino, J., Hall, G., Lemieux, C., and Demas, C.R., 1996, The effect of membrane filtration on dissolved trace element concentrations: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 90, no. 1-2, p. 281-294, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00619288.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"294","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226984,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab33e4b08c986b322cbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horowitz, A. J.","contributorId":102066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horowitz","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lum, K.R.","contributorId":84092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lum","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garbarino, J.R.","contributorId":76326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garbarino","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hall, G.E.M.","contributorId":67671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"G.E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lemieux, C.","contributorId":18118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lemieux","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Demas, C. R.","contributorId":77178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70018440,"text":"70018440 - 1996 - Earthquake prediction: The interaction of public policy and science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:23","indexId":"70018440","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Earthquake prediction: The interaction of public policy and science","docAbstract":"Earthquake prediction research has searched for both informational phenomena, those that provide information about earthquake hazards useful to the public, and causal phenomena, causally related to the physical processes governing failure on a fault, to improve our understanding of those processes. Neither informational nor causal phenomena are a subset of the other. I propose a classification of potential earthquake predictors of informational, causal, and predictive phenomena, where predictors are causal phenomena that provide more accurate assessments of the earthquake hazard than can be gotten from assuming a random distribution. Achieving higher, more accurate probabilities than a random distribution requires much more information about the precursor than just that it is causally related to the earthquake.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.93.9.3721","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Jones, L., 1996, Earthquake prediction: The interaction of public policy and science, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 93, no. 9, p. 3721-3725, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.9.3721.","startPage":"3721","endPage":"3725","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479059,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/39428","text":"External Repository"},{"id":227512,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205929,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.9.3721"}],"volume":"93","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a04fde4b0c8380cd50bde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, L.M.","contributorId":61433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70018136,"text":"70018136 - 1996 - Bromine incorporation factors for trihalomethane formation for the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio Rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:11","indexId":"70018136","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bromine incorporation factors for trihalomethane formation for the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio Rivers","docAbstract":"The bromine incorporation factor describes the distribution of the four trihalomethane compounds in the mixture formed when a natural water is chlorinated. This factor was determined for the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio Rivers by chlorinating water samples at three levels each of pH and free chlorine concentration. Samples were collected during the summer, fall, and spring seasons of the year at 12 sites on the Mississippi River from Minneapolis, MN, to New Orleans, LA, and on the Missouri and Ohio Rivers 1.6 kilometers upstream from their confluences with the Mississippi. The bromine incorporation factor increased as the bromide concentration increased, and decreased as the pH, initial free-chlorine and dissolved organic-carbon concentrations increased. Variation of the bromine incorporation factor with distance along the Mississippi River approximately paralleled the variation of the bromide concentration with distance along the river, with the Missouri River samples having the highest bromine incorporation factors for all combinations of pH and free-chlorine concentration.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0048-9697(96)05302-8","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Rathbun, R.E., 1996, Bromine incorporation factors for trihalomethane formation for the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio Rivers: Science of the Total Environment, v. 192, no. 1, p. 111-118, https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(96)05302-8.","startPage":"111","endPage":"118","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205829,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(96)05302-8"},{"id":227011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"192","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f289e4b0c8380cd4b22c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rathbun, R. E.","contributorId":61796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70018574,"text":"70018574 - 1996 - Estimation of the potential for atrazine transport in a silt loam soil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-03T16:57:00.061972","indexId":"70018574","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":612,"text":"ACS Symposium Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of the potential for atrazine transport in a silt loam soil","docAbstract":"

The transport potential of the herbicide atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethyl-6-isopropyl-s-triazine) through a 1-meter-thick root zone of corn (Zea mays L.) in a silty-loam soil in Kansas was estimated for a 22-year period (1972-93) using the one-dimensional water-flow and solute-transport model LEACHM. Results demonstrate that, for this soil, atrazine transport is directly related to the amount and timing of rain that follows spring applications of atrazine. Two other critical transport factors were important in wet years — [1] variability in atrazine application rate, and [2] atrazine degradation rates below the root zone. Results demonstrate that the coincidence of heavy rain soon after atrazine application can cause herbicide to move below the rooting zone into depths at which biodegradation rates are assumed to be low but are often unknown. Atrazine that reaches below the rooting zone and persists in the underlying soil can subsequently be transported into ground water as soil water drains, typically after the growing season. A frequency analysis of atrazine concentrations in subsurface drainage, combined with field data, demonstrates the relative importance of critical transport factors and confirms a need for definitive estimates of atrazine-degradation rates below the root zone. The analysis indicates that periodic leaching of atrazine can be expected for this soil when rainfall that exceeds 20 cm/mo coincides with atrazine presence in soil.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/bk-1996-0630.ch009","usgsCitation":"Eckhardt, D.A., and Wagenet, R.J., 1996, Estimation of the potential for atrazine transport in a silt loam soil: ACS Symposium Series, v. 630, p. 101-116, https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-1996-0630.ch009.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"116","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226996,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"630","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0bb5e4b0c8380cd52837","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eckhardt, D. A. V.","contributorId":31127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckhardt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A. V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagenet, R. J.","contributorId":55584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagenet","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018073,"text":"70018073 - 1996 - Effect of surface area and chemisorbed oxygen on the SO2 adsorption capacity of activated char","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:58","indexId":"70018073","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1709,"text":"Fuel","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of surface area and chemisorbed oxygen on the SO2 adsorption capacity of activated char","docAbstract":"The objective of this study was to determine whether activated char produced from Illinois coal could be used effectively to remove sulfur dioxide from coal combustion flue gas. Chars were prepared from a high-volatile Illinois bituminous coal under a wide range of pyrolysis and activation conditions. A novel char preparation technique was developed to prepare chars with SO2 adsorption capacities significantly greater than that of a commercial activated carbon. In general, there was no correlation between SO2 adsorption capacity and surface area. Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) was used to determine the nature and extent of carbon-oxygen (C-O) complexes formed on the char surface. TPD data revealed that SO2 adsorption was inversely proportional to the amount of C-O complex. The formation of a stable C-O complex during char preparation may have served only to occupy carbon sites that were otherwise reactive towards SO2 adsorption. A fleeting C(O) complex formed during SO2 adsorption is postulated to be the reaction intermediate necessary for conversion of SO2 to H2SO4. Copyright ?? 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fuel","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0016-2361(96)00127-5","issn":"00162361","usgsCitation":"Lizzio, A., and DeBarr, J., 1996, Effect of surface area and chemisorbed oxygen on the SO2 adsorption capacity of activated char: Fuel, v. 75, no. 13, p. 1515-1522, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(96)00127-5.","startPage":"1515","endPage":"1522","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206121,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(96)00127-5"},{"id":228503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a060fe4b0c8380cd510d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lizzio, A.A.","contributorId":70937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lizzio","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeBarr, J.A.","contributorId":20078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeBarr","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018072,"text":"70018072 - 1996 - A model of Precambrian geology of Kansas derived from gravity and magnetic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:58","indexId":"70018072","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A model of Precambrian geology of Kansas derived from gravity and magnetic data","docAbstract":"The fabric of the Precambrian geology of Kansas is revealed through inversion of gravity and magnetic data to pseudo-lithology. There are five main steps in the inversion process: (1) reduction of potential-field data to a horizontal plane in the wavenumber domain; (2) separation of the residual anomaly of interest from the regional background, where an assumption is made that the regional anomaly could be represented by some order of polynomial; (3) subtraction of the signal due to the known topography on the Phanerozoic/Precambrian boundary from the residual anomaly (we assume what is left at this stage are the signals due to lateral variation in the Precambrian lithology); (4) inversion of the residual anomaly in the wavenumber domain to density and magnetization distribution in the top part of the Precambrian constrained by the known geologic information; (5) derivation of pseudo-lithology by characterization of density and magnetization. The boundary between the older Central Plains Province to the north and the Southern Granite-Rhyolite Province to the south is clearly delineated. The Midcontinent Rift System appears to widen in central Kansas and involve a considerable portion of southern Kansas. Lithologies in southwestern Kansas appear to change over fairly small areas and include mafic rocks which have not been encountered in drill holes. The texture of the potential field data from southwestern Kansas suggests a history of continental growth by broad extension. Copyright ?? 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0098-3004(96)00045-3","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Xia, J., Sprowl, D., and Steeples, D., 1996, A model of Precambrian geology of Kansas derived from gravity and magnetic data: Computers & Geosciences, v. 22, no. 8, p. 883-895, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(96)00045-3.","startPage":"883","endPage":"895","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206120,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(96)00045-3"},{"id":228502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e47ee4b0c8380cd46677","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sprowl, D.R.","contributorId":62775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprowl","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steeples, D.W.","contributorId":45057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeples","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}