{"pageNumber":"379","pageRowStart":"9450","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68867,"records":[{"id":70190214,"text":"sir20175033 - 2017 - Water resources of Parowan Valley, Iron County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T15:33:27","indexId":"sir20175033","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5033","title":"Water resources of Parowan Valley, Iron County, Utah","docAbstract":"
Parowan Valley, in Iron County, Utah, covers about 160 square miles west of the Red Cliffs and includes the towns of Parowan, Paragonah, and Summit. The valley is a structural depression formed by northwest-trending faults and is, essentially, a closed surface-water basin although a small part of the valley at the southwestern end drains into the adjacent Cedar Valley. Groundwater occurs in and has been developed mainly from the unconsolidated basin-fill aquifer. Long-term downward trends in groundwater levels have been documented by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) since the mid-1950s. The water resources of Parowan Valley were assessed during 2012 to 2014 with an emphasis on refining the understanding of the groundwater and surface-water systems and updating the groundwater budget.

Surface-water discharge of five perennial mountain streams that enter Parowan Valley was measured from 2013 to 2014. The total annual surface-water discharge of the five streams during 2013 to 2014 was about 18,000 acre-feet (acre-ft) compared to the average annual streamflow of about 22,000 acre-ft from USGS streamgages operated on the three largest of these streams from the 1940s to the 1980s. The largest stream, Parowan Creek, contributes more than 50 percent of the annual surface-water discharge to the valley, with smaller amounts contributed by Red, Summit, Little, and Cottonwood Creeks.

Average annual recharge to the Parowan Valley groundwater system was estimated to be about 25,000 acre-ft from 1994 to 2013. Nearly all recharge occurs as direct infiltration of snowmelt and rainfall on the Markagunt Plateau east of the valley. Smaller amounts of recharge occur as infiltration of streamflow and unconsumed irrigation water near the east side of the valley on alluvial fans associated with mountain streams at the foot of the Red Cliffs. Subsurface flow from the mountain block to the east of the valley is a significant source of groundwater recharge to the basin-fill aquifer. Groundwater flows from the high-altitude recharge areas downward toward the basin-fill aquifer in Parowan Valley. Almost all groundwater discharge occurs as withdrawals from irrigation wells in the valley with a small amount of discharge from phreatophytic evapotranspiration. Subsurface groundwater discharge to Cedar Valley is likely minimal. Withdrawals from wells during 2013 were about 32,000 acre-ft. The estimated withdrawals from wells from 1994 to 2013 have ranged from 22,000 to 39,000 acre-ft per year. Declining water levels are an indication of the estimated average annual decrease in groundwater storage of 15,000 acre-ft from 1994 to 2013.

Groundwater and surface-water samples were collected from 46 sites in Parowan Valley and Cedar Valley near the town of Enoch during June 2013. Groundwater samples from 34 wells were submitted for geochemical analysis. The total dissolved-solids concentration in water from these wells ranged from 142 to 886 milligrams per liter. Results of stable isotope analysis of oxygen and deuterium from groundwater and surface-water samples indicate that most of the groundwater in Parowan Valley and in Cedar Valley near Enoch is similar in isotopic composition to water from mountain streams, which reflects meteoric water recharged in high-altitude areas east of the valley. In addition, results of stable isotope analysis of a subset of samples from wells located near Little Salt Lake may indicate recharge of precipitation that occurred during cooler climatic conditions of the Pleistocene Epoch.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175033","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Marston, T.M., 2017, Water resources of Parowan Valley, Iron County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5033, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175033.","productDescription":"viii, 45 p.","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-072391","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345065,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5033/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345066,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5033/sir20175033.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5033"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Iron County","otherGeospatial":"Parowan Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113,\n 37.6816466602918\n ],\n [\n -112.47802734375,\n 37.6816466602918\n ],\n [\n -112.47802734375,\n 38.153997218446115\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 38.153997218446115\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 37.6816466602918\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"
Utah Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2329 West Orton Circle
Salt Lake City, UT 84119-2047
","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-08-29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a67d40e4b0fd9b77ce4788","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marston, Thomas M. 0000-0003-1053-4172 tmarston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1053-4172","contributorId":3272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marston","given":"Thomas","email":"tmarston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70190391,"text":"70190391 - 2017 - Predicting redox-sensitive contaminant concentrations in groundwater using random forest classification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-25T13:43:35","indexId":"70190391","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting redox-sensitive contaminant concentrations in groundwater using random forest classification","docAbstract":"

Machine learning techniques were applied to a large (n > 10,000) compliance monitoring database to predict the occurrence of several redox-active constituents in groundwater across a large watershed. Specifically, random forest classification was used to determine the probabilities of detecting elevated concentrations of nitrate, iron, and arsenic in the Fox, Wolf, Peshtigo, and surrounding watersheds in northeastern Wisconsin. Random forest classification is well suited to describe the nonlinear relationships observed among several explanatory variables and the predicted probabilities of elevated concentrations of nitrate, iron, and arsenic. Maps of the probability of elevated nitrate, iron, and arsenic can be used to assess groundwater vulnerability and the vulnerability of streams to contaminants derived from groundwater. Processes responsible for elevated concentrations are elucidated using partial dependence plots. For example, an increase in the probability of elevated iron and arsenic occurred when well depths coincided with the glacial/bedrock interface, suggesting a bedrock source for these constituents. Furthermore, groundwater in contact with Ordovician bedrock has a higher likelihood of elevated iron concentrations, which supports the hypothesis that groundwater liberates iron from a sulfide-bearing secondary cement horizon of Ordovician age. Application of machine learning techniques to existing compliance monitoring data offers an opportunity to broadly assess aquifer and stream vulnerability at regional and national scales and to better understand geochemical processes responsible for observed conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2016WR020197","usgsCitation":"Tesoriero, A., Gronberg, J.A., Juckem, P.F., Miller, M.P., and Austin, B.P., 2017, Predicting redox-sensitive contaminant concentrations in groundwater using random forest classification: Water Resources Research, v. 53, no. 8, p. 7316-7331, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR020197.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"7316","endPage":"7331","ipdsId":"IP-080660","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469580,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016wr020197","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438235,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TD9VM1","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Source and model output layers used for the prediction and display of the probability of elevated concentrations of redox-sensitive constituents in groundwater in the Fox-Wolf-Peshtigo watershed in Wisconsin and Michigan"},{"id":345270,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a67d3ee4b0fd9b77ce4764","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tesoriero, Anthony J.","contributorId":40207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tesoriero","given":"Anthony J.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":708857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gronberg, Jo Ann M.","contributorId":192232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gronberg","given":"Jo","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Juckem, Paul F. 0000-0002-3613-1761 pfjuckem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-1761","contributorId":1905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"Paul","email":"pfjuckem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Matthew P. 0000-0002-2537-1823 mamiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1823","contributorId":3919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Matthew","email":"mamiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Austin, Brian P.","contributorId":195992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Austin","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70190344,"text":"70190344 - 2017 - Habitat use by juvenile salmonids in Lake Ontario tributaries-species, age, diel and seasonal effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-11T12:32:14","indexId":"70190344","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat use by juvenile salmonids in Lake Ontario tributaries-species, age, diel and seasonal effects","docAbstract":"

Understanding the habitat needs of fish and how these requirements may change seasonally over a 24-h period is important, especially for highly managed sport species. Consequently, we examined the diel and seasonal habitat use of four juvenile salmonid species in streams in the Lake Ontario watershed. For juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salarand juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, differences in day versus night habitat use were more profound than seasonal differences. Observed differences in day versus night habitat for all species and age classes were mainly due to the use of less object oriented cover at night and to a lesser extent to the use of slower velocities and smaller substrate at night. Seasonal differences in habitat use were also observed, likely due to increased fish size, and included movement to deeper and faster water and the use of larger substrate and more cover from summer to winter. Different habitat variables were important to individual species. Juvenile Atlantic salmon were associated with higher water velocities, juvenile rainbow trout with larger substrate and more cover, and subyearling Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha and subyearling coho salmon O. kisutch with small substrate and less cover. Our observations demonstrate that habitat partitioning occurs and likely reduces intraspecific and interspecific competition which may increase the potential production of all four species in sympatry. Consequently, these findings provide important information for resource managers charged with managing, protecting, and enhancing Great Lakes tributaries where all or some of these species occur.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2017.07.001","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.H., and McKenna, J., 2017, Habitat use by juvenile salmonids in Lake Ontario tributaries-species, age, diel and seasonal effects: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 43, no. 5, p. 963-969, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.07.001.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"963","endPage":"969","ipdsId":"IP-088010","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345247,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 43.79092385423618\n ],\n [\n -77,\n 43.79092385423618\n ],\n [\n -77,\n 42.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a67d3fe4b0fd9b77ce477a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, James H. 0000-0002-5619-3871 jhjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3871","contributorId":389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"jhjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKenna, James E. Jr. 0000-0002-1428-7597 jemckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7597","contributorId":190798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jemckenna@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189971,"text":"sir20175083 - 2017 - Low-flow frequency and flow-duration characteristics of selected streams in Alabama through March 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T09:02:57","indexId":"sir20175083","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-28T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5083","title":"Low-flow frequency and flow-duration characteristics of selected streams in Alabama through March 2014","docAbstract":"

Low-flow statistics are needed by water-resource engineers, planners, and managers to protect and manage the water resources of Alabama. The accuracy of these statistics is influenced by such factors as length of record and specific hydrologic conditions measured in those records. As such, it is generally recommended that flow statistics be updated about every 10 years to provide improved and representative low-flow characteristics. The previous investigation of low-flow characteristics for Alabama included data through September 1990. Since that time, Alabama has experienced several historic droughts highlighting the need to update the low-flow characteristics at U.S. Geological Survey streamgaging stations. Consequently, this investigation was undertaken in cooperation with a number of State and local agencies to update low-flow frequency and flow-duration statistics at 210 continuous-record streamgaging stations in Alabama and 67 stations from basins that are shared with surrounding States. The flow characteristics were computed on the basis of available data through March 2014.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175083","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Alabama Association of Conservation Districts; Alabama Association of Resource Conservation and Development Councils; Alabama Department of Agriculture and Industries; Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources—Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries; Alabama Department of Economic and Community Affairs—Office of Water Resources Division; Alabama Farmers Federation; Alabama Power; Choctawhatchee, Pea and Yellow Rivers Watershed Management Authority; Geological Survey of Alabama; and The University of Alabama—Water Policy and Law Institute","usgsCitation":"Feaster, T.D., and Lee, K.G., 2017, Low-flow frequency and flow-duration characteristics of selected streams in Alabama through March 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5083, 371 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175083.","productDescription":"viii, 371 p.","numberOfPages":"383","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-078394","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345130,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5083/sir20175083.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.04 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5083"},{"id":345129,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5083/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.956298828125,\n 30.259067203213018\n ],\n [\n -84.517822265625,\n 30.259067203213018\n ],\n [\n -84.517822265625,\n 35.33529320309328\n ],\n [\n -88.956298828125,\n 35.33529320309328\n ],\n [\n -88.956298828125,\n 30.259067203213018\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Lower Mississippi Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
640 Grassmere Park
Nashville, TN 37211

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-08-28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a52bcde4b0fa5ae7c74812","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feaster, Toby D. 0000-0002-5626-5011 tfeaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5626-5011","contributorId":195395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feaster","given":"Toby","email":"tfeaster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":706943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Kathyrn G.","contributorId":195396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Kathyrn","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190341,"text":"70190341 - 2017 - Geochemical and hydrologic factors controlling subsurface transport of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-17T07:02:13","indexId":"70190341","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical and hydrologic factors controlling subsurface transport of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"

Growing evidence that certain poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are associated with negative human health effects prompted the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to issue lifetime drinking water health advisories for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in 2016. Given that groundwater is a major source of drinking water, the main objective of this work was to investigate geochemical and hydrological processes governing the subsurface transport of PFASs at a former fire training area (FTA) on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, where PFAS-containing aqueous film-forming foams were used historically. A total of 148 groundwater samples and 4 sediment cores were collected along a 1200-m-long downgradient transect originating near the FTA and analyzed for PFAS content. The results indicate that unsaturated zones at the FTA and at hydraulically downgradient former domestic wastewater effluent infiltration beds both act as continuous PFAS sources to the groundwater despite 18 and 20 years of inactivity, respectively. Historically different PFAS sources are evident from contrasting PFAS composition near the water table below the FTA and wastewater-infiltration beds. Results from total oxidizable precursor assays conducted using groundwater samples collected throughout the plume suggest that some perfluoroalkyl acid precursors at this site are transporting with perfluoroalkyl acids.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6b05573","usgsCitation":"Weber, A., Barber, L.B., LeBlanc, D.R., Sunderland, E.M., and Vecitis, C.D., 2017, Geochemical and hydrologic factors controlling subsurface transport of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 51, no. 8, p. 4269-4279, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b05573.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"4269","endPage":"4279","ipdsId":"IP-080744","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438239,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7Z899KT","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Poly- and perfluoalkyl substances in contaminated groundwater, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2014-2016"},{"id":345223,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.8782958984375,\n 41.430371882652814\n ],\n [\n -69.7137451171875,\n 41.430371882652814\n ],\n [\n -69.7137451171875,\n 42.28950073090457\n ],\n [\n -70.8782958984375,\n 42.28950073090457\n ],\n [\n -70.8782958984375,\n 41.430371882652814\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a52bd3e4b0fa5ae7c7482f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weber, Andrea K. 0000-0003-4811-8641 atokranov@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4811-8641","contributorId":193839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"Andrea K.","email":"atokranov@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":708593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sunderland, Elsie M.","contributorId":151016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sunderland","given":"Elsie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":18166,"text":"Harvard University, Cambridge, M","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vecitis, Chad D.","contributorId":193842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vecitis","given":"Chad","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70190364,"text":"70190364 - 2017 - Spectrally monitoring the response of the biocrust moss Syntrichia caninervis to altered precipitation regimes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-28T16:57:34","indexId":"70190364","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Spectrally monitoring the response of the biocrust moss Syntrichia caninervis to altered precipitation regimes","title":"Spectrally monitoring the response of the biocrust moss Syntrichia caninervis to altered precipitation regimes","docAbstract":"

Climate change is expected to impact drylands worldwide by increasing temperatures and changing precipitation patterns. These effects have known feedbacks to the functional roles of dryland biological soil crust communities (biocrusts), which are expected to undergo significant climate-induced changes in community structure and function. Nevertheless, our ability to monitor the status and physiology of biocrusts with remote sensing is limited due to the heterogeneous nature of dryland landscapes and the desiccation tolerance of biocrusts, which leaves them frequently photosynthetically inactive and difficult to assess. To address this critical limitation, we subjected a dominant biocrust species Syntrichia caninervis to climate-induced stress in the form of small, frequent watering events, and spectrally monitored the dry mosses’ progression towards mortality. We found points of spectral sensitivity responding to experimentally-induced stress in desiccated mosses, indicating that spectral imaging is an effective tool to monitor photosynthetically inactive biocrusts. Comparing the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Simple Ratio (SR), and the Normalized Pigment Chlorophyll Index (NPCI), we found NDVI minimally effective at capturing stress in precipitation-stressed dry mosses, while the SR and NPCI were highly effective. Our results suggest the strong potential for utilizing spectroscopy and chlorophyll-derived indices to monitor biocrust ecophysiological status, even when biocrusts are dry, with important implications for improving our understanding of dryland functioning.

","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/srep41793","usgsCitation":"Young, K.E., and Reed, S.C., 2017, Spectrally monitoring the response of the biocrust moss Syntrichia caninervis to altered precipitation regimes: Scientific Reports, v. 7, Article 41793, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep41793.","productDescription":"Article 41793","ipdsId":"IP-080492","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep41793","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a52bd1e4b0fa5ae7c74823","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Young, Kristina E. kyoung@usgs.gov","contributorId":5842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Kristina","email":"kyoung@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":708707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Sasha C. 0000-0002-8597-8619 screed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-8619","contributorId":462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Sasha","email":"screed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190367,"text":"70190367 - 2017 - Gene transcription patterns in response to low level petroleum contaminants in Mytilus trossulus from field sites and harbors in southcentral Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-28T09:29:01","indexId":"70190367","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Gene transcription patterns in response to low level petroleum contaminants in Mytilus trossulus from field sites and harbors in southcentral Alaska","title":"Gene transcription patterns in response to low level petroleum contaminants in Mytilus trossulus from field sites and harbors in southcentral Alaska","docAbstract":"

The 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill damaged a wide range of natural resources, including intertidal communities, and post-spill studies demonstrated acute and chronic exposure and injury to an array of species. Standard toxicological methods to evaluate petroleum contaminants have assessed tissue burdens, with fewer assays providing indicators of health or physiology, particularly when contaminant levels are low and chronic. Marine mussels are a ubiquitous and crucial component of the nearshore environment, and new genomic technologies exist to quantify molecular responses of individual mussels to stimuli, including exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We used gene-based assays of exposure and physiological function to assess chronic oil contamination using the Pacific blue mussel, Mytilus trossulus. We developed a diagnostic gene transcription panel to investigate exposure to PAHs and other contaminants and its effects on mussel physiology and health. During 2012–2015, we analyzed mussels from five field sites in western Prince William Sound, Alaska, with varying oil histories from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill, and from three boat harbors in the area. Gene transcription patterns of mussels from harbors were consistent with elevated exposure to PAHs or other contaminants, whereas transcription patterns of mussels sampled from shorelines in areas affected by the oil spill indicated no PAH exposure.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.08.007","usgsCitation":"Bowen, L., Miles, A.K., Ballachey, B.E., Waters-Dynes, S.C., Bodkin, J.L., Lindeberg, M., and Esler, D., 2017, Gene transcription patterns in response to low level petroleum contaminants in Mytilus trossulus from field sites and harbors in southcentral Alaska: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 147, p. 27-35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.08.007.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"35","ipdsId":"IP-085357","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469586,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.08.007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438238,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F70P0XHD","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for Gene Transcription Patterns in Response to Low Level Petroleum Contaminants in Mytilus trossulus from Field Sites and Harbors in Southcentral Alaska"},{"id":345219,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.875,\n 58.6769376725869\n ],\n [\n -143.08593749999997,\n 58.6769376725869\n ],\n [\n -143.08593749999997,\n 62.30879369102805\n ],\n [\n -151.875,\n 62.30879369102805\n ],\n [\n -151.875,\n 58.6769376725869\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"147","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a52bd1e4b0fa5ae7c7481e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Lizabeth 0000-0001-9115-4336 lbowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9115-4336","contributorId":4539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Lizabeth","email":"lbowen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ballachey, Brenda E. 0000-0003-1855-9171 bballachey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-9171","contributorId":2966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballachey","given":"Brenda","email":"bballachey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waters-Dynes, Shannon C. 0000-0002-9707-4684 swaters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9707-4684","contributorId":5826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waters-Dynes","given":"Shannon","email":"swaters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lindeberg, Mandy","contributorId":195895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindeberg","given":"Mandy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70190319,"text":"70190319 - 2017 - Evidence for degassing of fresh magma during the 2004-2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens: Subtle signals from the hydrothermal system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-27T11:55:21","indexId":"70190319","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for degassing of fresh magma during the 2004-2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens: Subtle signals from the hydrothermal system","docAbstract":"

Results from chemical and isotopic analyses of water and gas collected between 2002 and 2016 from sites on and around Mount St. Helens are used to assess magmatic degassing related to the 2004-2008 eruption. During 2005 the chemistry of hot springs in The Breach of Mount St. Helens showed no obvious response to the eruption, and over the next few years, changes were subtle, giving only slight indications of perturbations in the system. By 2010 however, water chemistry, temperatures, and isotope compositions (δD and δ18O) clearly indicated some inputs of volatiles and heat associated with the eruption, but the changes were such that they could be attributed to a pre-existing, gas depleted magma. An increase of ~ 1.5‰ in the δ13C values of dissolved carbon in the springs was noted in 2006 and continued through 2009, a change that was mirrored by a similar shift in δ13C-CO2 in bubble gas emissions. These changes require input of a new source of carbon to the hydrothermal system and provide clear evidence of CO2 from an undegassed body of magma. Rising trends in 3He/4He ratios in gas also accompanied the increases in δ13C. Since 2011 maximum RC/RA values are ≥ 6.4 and are distinctly higher than 5 samples collected between 1986 and 2002, and provide additional evidence for some involvement of new magma as early as 2006, and possibly earlier, given the unknown time needed for CO2 and He to traverse the system and arrive at the springs.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.06.020","usgsCitation":"Bergfeld, D., Evans, W.C., Spicer, K.R., Hunt, A.G., and Kelly, P.J., 2017, Evidence for degassing of fresh magma during the 2004-2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens: Subtle signals from the hydrothermal system: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 343, p. 109-121, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.06.020.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"121","ipdsId":"IP-087110","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461426,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.06.020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345181,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.42202758789061,\n 46.06465561687544\n ],\n [\n -121.97158813476561,\n 46.06465561687544\n ],\n [\n -121.97158813476561,\n 46.326068311712596\n ],\n [\n -122.42202758789061,\n 46.326068311712596\n ],\n [\n -122.42202758789061,\n 46.06465561687544\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"343","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a3da2fe4b077f00567321f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergfeld, Deborah 0000-0003-4570-7627 dbergfel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4570-7627","contributorId":152531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergfeld","given":"Deborah","email":"dbergfel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spicer, Kurt R. 0000-0001-5030-3198 krspicer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-3198","contributorId":2684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spicer","given":"Kurt","email":"krspicer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":1582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kelly, Peter J. 0000-0002-3868-1046 pkelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3868-1046","contributorId":5931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Peter","email":"pkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70190322,"text":"70190322 - 2017 - Polar bears experience skeletal muscle atrophy in response to food deprivation and reduced activity in winter and summer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T18:10:36","indexId":"70190322","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3919,"text":"Conservation Physiology","onlineIssn":"2051-1434","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polar bears experience skeletal muscle atrophy in response to food deprivation and reduced activity in winter and summer","docAbstract":"When reducing activity and using stored energy during seasonal food shortages, animals risk degradation of skeletal muscles, although some species avoid or minimize the resulting atrophy while experiencing these conditions during hibernation. Polar bears may be food deprived and relatively inactive during winter (when pregnant females hibernate and hunting success declines for other demographic groups) as well as summer (when sea ice retreats from key foraging habitats). We investigated muscle atrophy in samples of biceps femoris collected from free-ranging polar bears in the Southern Beaufort Sea (SBS) throughout their annual cycle. Atrophy was most pronounced in April–May as a result of food deprivation during the previous winter, with muscles exhibiting reduced protein concentration, increased water content, and lower creatine kinase mRNA. These animals increased feeding and activity in spring (when seal prey becomes more available), initiating a period of muscle recovery. During the following ice melt of late summer, ~30% of SBS bears abandon retreating sea ice for land; in August, these ‘shore’ bears exhibited no muscle atrophy, indicating that they had fully recovered from winter food deprivation. These individuals subsequently scavenged whale carcasses deposited by humans and by October, had retained good muscle condition. In contrast, ~70% of SBS bears follow the ice north in late summer, into deep water with less prey. These ‘ice’ bears fast; by October, they exhibited muscle protein loss and rapid changes in myosin heavy-chain isoforms in response to reduced activity. These findings indicate that, unlike other bears during winter hibernation, polar bears without food in summer cannot mitigate atrophy. Consequently, prolonged summer fasting resulting from climate change-induced ice loss creates a risk of greater muscle atrophy and reduced abilities to travel and hunt.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/conphys/cox049","usgsCitation":"Whiteman, J.P., Harlow, H.J., Durner, G.M., Regehr, E.V., Rourke, B.C., Robles, M., Amstrup, S.C., and Ben-David, M., 2017, Polar bears experience skeletal muscle atrophy in response to food deprivation and reduced activity in winter and summer: Conservation Physiology, v. 5, no. 1, Article cox049; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/cox049.","productDescription":"Article cox049; 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-079552","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469588,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/cox049","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a3da2fe4b077f00567321d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whiteman, John P.","contributorId":194427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whiteman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17842,"text":"University of Wyoming, Laramie","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harlow, Henry J.","contributorId":195844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harlow","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17842,"text":"University of Wyoming, Laramie","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Durner, George M. 0000-0002-3370-1191 gdurner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191","contributorId":3576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durner","given":"George","email":"gdurner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Regehr, Eric V. 0000-0003-4487-3105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-3105","contributorId":66364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regehr","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rourke, Bryan C.","contributorId":195845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rourke","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16197,"text":"California State University, Long Beach, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robles, Manuel","contributorId":195846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robles","given":"Manuel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16197,"text":"California State University, Long Beach, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ben-David, Merav","contributorId":190901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ben-David","given":"Merav","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17842,"text":"University of Wyoming, Laramie","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70190275,"text":"fs20173068 - 2017 - Landslide monitoring in the Atlantic Highlands area, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-27T08:25:59","indexId":"fs20173068","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-25T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-3068","title":"Landslide monitoring in the Atlantic Highlands area, New Jersey","docAbstract":"

Shallow and deep-seated landslides have occurred episodically on the steep coastal bluffs of the Atlantic Highlands area (Boroughs of Atlantic Highlands and Highlands) in New Jersey. The oldest documented deep-seated landslide occurred in April 1782 and significantly changed the morphology of the bluff. However, recent landslides have been mostly shallow in nature and have occurred during large storms with exceptionally heavy rainfall. These shallow landslides have resulted in considerable damage to residential property and local infrastructure and threatened human safety.

The recent shallow landslides in the area (locations modified from New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection) consist primarily of slumps and flows of earth and debris within areas of historical landslides or on slopes modified by human activities. Such landslides are typically triggered by increases in shallow soil moisture and pore-water pressure caused by sustained and intense rainfall associated with spring nor’easters and late summer–fall tropical cyclones. However, the critical relation between rainfall, soil-moisture conditions, and landslide movement has not been fully defined. The U.S. Geological Survey is currently monitoring hillslopes within the Atlantic Highlands area to better understand the hydrologic and meteorological conditions associated with shallow landslide initiation.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173068","usgsCitation":"Reilly, P.A., Ashland, F.X., and Fiore, A.R., 2017, Landslide monitoring in the Atlantic Highlands area, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3068, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173068.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-087942","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345056,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3068/fs20173068.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.72 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3068"},{"id":345055,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3068/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Highlands area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.06021118164062,\n 40.3836897366636\n ],\n [\n -73.96717071533203,\n 40.3836897366636\n ],\n [\n -73.96717071533203,\n 40.43649540640561\n ],\n [\n -74.06021118164062,\n 40.43649540640561\n ],\n [\n -74.06021118164062,\n 40.3836897366636\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, New Jersey Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3450 Princeton Pike, Suite 110
Lawrenceville, NJ 08648

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-08-25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a13727e4b0d7af54bc4a62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reilly, Pamela A. 0000-0002-2937-4490 jankowsk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2937-4490","contributorId":653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Pamela","email":"jankowsk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ashland, Francis X. 0000-0001-9948-0195 fashland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9948-0195","contributorId":4014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashland","given":"Francis","email":"fashland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":708238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fiore, Alex R. 0000-0002-0986-5225 afiore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0986-5225","contributorId":4977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fiore","given":"Alex","email":"afiore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190167,"text":"sir20175089 - 2017 - Preliminary assessment of a water-quality monitoring program for total maximum daily loads in Johnson County, Kansas, January 2015 through June 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-27T08:44:02","indexId":"sir20175089","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-25T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5089","title":"Preliminary assessment of a water-quality monitoring program for total maximum daily loads in Johnson County, Kansas, January 2015 through June 2016","docAbstract":"

Municipalities in Johnson County in northeastern Kansas are required to implement stormwater management programs to reduce pollutant discharges, protect water quality, and comply with applicable water-quality regulations in accordance with National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits for stormwater discharge. To this end, municipalities collect grab samples at streams entering and leaving their jurisdiction to determine levels of excessive nutrients, sediment, and fecal bacteria to characterize pollutants and understand the factors affecting them.

In 2014, the U.S. Geological Survey and the Johnson County Stormwater Management Program, with input from the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, initiated a 5-year monitoring program to satisfy minimum sampling requirements for each municipality as described by new stormwater permits issued to Johnson County municipalities. The purpose of this report is to provide a preliminary assessment of the monitoring program. The monitoring program is described, a preliminary assessment of the monitoring program design is provided using water-quality data collected during the first 2 years of the program, and the ability of the current monitoring network and sampling plan to provide data sufficient to quantify improvements in water quality resulting from implemented and planned best management practices is evaluated. The information in this initial report may be used to evaluate changes in data collection methods while data collection is still ongoing that may lead to improved data utility.

Discrete water-quality samples were collected at 27 sites and analyzed for nutrients, Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria, total suspended solids, and suspended-sediment concentration. In addition, continuous water-quality data (water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, turbidity, and nitrate plus nitrite) were collected at one site to characterize variability and provide a basis for comparison to discrete data. Base flow samples indicated that point sources are likely affecting nutrient concentrations and E. coli bacteria densities at several sites. Concentrations of all analytes in storm runoff samples were characterized by substantial variability among sites and samples. About one-half of the sites, representing different watersheds, had storm runoff samples with nitrogen concentrations greater than 10 milligrams per liter. About one-third of the sites, representing different watersheds, had storm runoff samples with total phosphorus concentrations greater than 3 milligrams per liter. Six sites had samples with E. coli densities greater than 100,000 colonies per 100 milliliters of water. Total suspended solids concentrations of about 12,000 milligrams per liter or greater occurred in samples from three sites.

Data collected for this monitoring program may be useful for some general assessment purposes but may also be limited in potential to fully inform stormwater management activities. Valuable attributes of the monitoring program design included incorporating many sites across the county for comparisons among watersheds and municipalities, using fixed-stage samplers to collect multiple samples during single events, collection of base flow samples in addition to storm samples to isolate possible point sources from stormwater sources, and use of continuous monitors to characterize variability. Limiting attributes of the monitoring program design included location of monitoring sites along municipal boundaries to satisfy permit requirements rather than using watershed-based criteria such as locations of tributaries, potential pollutant sources, and implemented management practices. Additional limiting attributes include having a large number of widespread sampling locations, which presented logistical challenges for predicting localized rainfall and collecting and analyzing samples during short timeframes associated with storms, and collecting storm samples at fixed-stage elevations only during the rising limb of storms, which does not characterize conditions over the storm hydrograph. The small number of samples collected per site resulted in a sample size too small to be representative of site conditions, including seasonal and hydrologic variability, and insufficient for meaningful statistical analysis or site-specific modeling.

Several measures could be taken to improve data utility and include redesigning the monitoring network according to watershed characteristics, incorporating a nested design in which data are collected at different scales (watershed, subwatershed, and best management practices), increasing sampling frequency, and combining different methods to allow for flexibility to focus on areas and conditions of particular interest. A monitoring design that would facilitate most of these improvements would be to focus efforts on a limited number of watersheds for several years, then cycle to the next set of watersheds for several years, eventually returning to previously monitored watersheds to document changes.

Redesign of the water-quality monitoring program requires considerable effort and commitment from municipalities of Johnson County. However, the long-term benefit likely is a monitoring program that results in improved stream conditions and more effective management practices and efficient expenditure of resources.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175089","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Johnson County [Kans.] Stormwater Management Program","usgsCitation":"Rasmussen, T.J., and Paxson, C.R., 2017, Preliminary assessment of a water-quality monitoring program for total maximum daily loads in Johnson County, Kansas, January 2015 through June 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5089, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175089.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 20 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-082145","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345128,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7GT5M2G","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water-quality data"},{"id":345101,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5089/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345102,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5089/sir20175089.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.33 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5089"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Johnson County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.08,\n 38.7\n ],\n [\n -94.61,\n 38.7\n ],\n [\n -94.61,\n 39.08\n ],\n [\n -95.08,\n 39.08\n ],\n [\n -95.08,\n 38.7\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Kansas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4821 Quail Crest Place
Lawrence, KS 66049

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-08-25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a13729e4b0d7af54bc4a6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rasmussen, Teresa J. 0000-0002-7023-3868 rasmuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-3868","contributorId":3336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Teresa","email":"rasmuss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paxson, Chelsea R. cpaxson@usgs.gov","contributorId":5887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxson","given":"Chelsea","email":"cpaxson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":708355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190057,"text":"ofr20171103 - 2017 - Design and methods of the Pacific Northwest Stream Quality Assessment (PNSQA), 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-27T08:18:00","indexId":"ofr20171103","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1103","title":"Design and methods of the Pacific Northwest Stream Quality Assessment (PNSQA), 2015","docAbstract":"

In 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) project conducted the Pacific Northwest Stream Quality Assessment (PNSQA) to investigate stream quality across the western part of the Pacific Northwest. The goal of the PNSQA was to assess the health of streams in the region by characterizing multiple water-quality factors that are stressors to in-stream aquatic life and by evaluating the relation between these stressors and the condition of biological communities. The effects of urbanization and agriculture on stream quality for the Puget Lowland and Willamette Valley Level III Ecoregions were the focus of this regional study. Findings will help inform the public and policymakers about human and environmental factors that are the most critical in affecting stream quality and, thus, provide insights into possible strategies to protect or improve the health of streams in the region.

Land-use data were used in the study to identify and select sites within the region that ranged in levels of urban and agricultural development. A total of 88 sites were selected across the region—69 were on streams that explicitly spanned a range of urban land use in their watersheds, 8 were on streams in agricultural watersheds, and 11 were reference sites with little or no development in their watersheds. Depending on the type of land use, sites were sampled for contaminants, nutrients, and sediment for either a 4- or 10-week period during April, May, and June 2015. This water-quality “index period” was immediately followed with an ecological survey of all sites that included stream habitat, benthic algae, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish. Additionally, streambed sediment was collected during the ecological survey for analysis of sediment chemistry and toxicity testing.

This report provides a detailed description of the specific study components and methods of the PNSQA, including (1) surveys of stream habitat and aquatic biota, (2) discrete water sampling, (3) deployment of passive polar organic chemical integrative samplers for pesticides and pharmaceuticals, and (4) sampling of streambed sediment. At selected study sites, toxicity testing of streambed sediment, continuous water-quality monitoring, and daily pesticide sampling also were conducted and are described.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171103","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Project","usgsCitation":"Sheibley, R.W., Morace, J.L., Journey, C.A., Van Metre, P.C., Bell, A.H., Nakagaki, Naomi, Button, D.T., and Qi, S.L., 2017, Design and methods of the Pacific Northwest Stream Quality Assessment (PNSQA), 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1103, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171103.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 46 p.; Table; 2 Appendixes","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-086097","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345123,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1103/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345124,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1103/ofr20171103.pdf","text":"Report","size":"18.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1103"},{"id":345125,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1103/ofr20171103_appendixa.xlsx","text":"Appendix A","size":"325 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2017-1103 Appendix A"},{"id":345126,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1103/ofr20171103_appendixb.xlsx","text":"Appendix B","size":"86 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2017-1103 Appendix B"},{"id":345127,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1103/ofr20171103_table4.xlsx","text":"Table 4","size":"37 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2017-1103 Table 4"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -127,\n 43.25\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 43.25\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -127,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -127,\n 43.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-08-25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a1372be4b0d7af54bc4a71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheibley, Rich W. 0000-0003-1627-8536 sheibley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1627-8536","contributorId":3044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheibley","given":"Rich","email":"sheibley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morace, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-8132-4044 jlmorace@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8132-4044","contributorId":945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morace","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlmorace@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":195839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste A.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":707359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van Metre, Peter C. pcvanmet@usgs.gov","contributorId":486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"Peter C.","email":"pcvanmet@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":707360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bell, Amanda H. 0000-0002-7199-2145 ahbell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7199-2145","contributorId":1752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Amanda","email":"ahbell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nakagaki, Naomi 0000-0003-3653-0540 nakagaki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3653-0540","contributorId":1067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakagaki","given":"Naomi","email":"nakagaki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Button, Daniel T. 0000-0002-7479-884X dtbutton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7479-884X","contributorId":2084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Button","given":"Daniel","email":"dtbutton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Qi, Sharon L. 0000-0001-7278-4498 slqi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7278-4498","contributorId":1130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Sharon","email":"slqi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70192829,"text":"70192829 - 2017 - Maintenance of influenza A viruses and antibody response in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) sampled during the non-breeding season in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-20T20:24:34","indexId":"70192829","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Maintenance of influenza A viruses and antibody response in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) sampled during the non-breeding season in Alaska","docAbstract":"

Prevalence of influenza A virus (IAV) infections in northern-breeding waterfowl has previously been reported to reach an annual peak during late summer or autumn; however, little is known about IAV infection dynamics in waterfowl populations persisting at high-latitude regions such as Alaska, during winter. We captured mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) throughout the non-breeding season (August–April) of 2012–2015 in Fairbanks and Anchorage, the two largest cities in Alaska, to assess patterns of IAV infection and antibody production using molecular methods and a standard serologic assay. In addition, we used virus isolation, genetic sequencing, and a virus microneutralization assay to characterize viral subtypes and to evaluate the immune response of mallards captured on multiple occasions through time. We captured 923 mallards during three successive sampling years: Fairbanks in 2012/13 and 2013/14, and Anchorage in 2014/15. Prevalence varied by age, season, and year/site with high and relatively stable estimates throughout the non-breeding season. Infected birds were detected in all locations/seasons except early-winter in Fairbanks during 2013/14. IAVs with 17 combinations of hemagglutinin (H1–5, H7–9, H11, H12) and neuraminidase (N1–6, N8, N9) subtypes were isolated. Antibodies to IAVs were detected throughout autumn and winter for all sampling locations and years, however, seroprevalence was higher among adults and varied among years. Mallards exhibited individual heterogeneity with regard to immune response, providing instances of both seroconversion and seroreversion to detected viral subtypes. The probability that an individual transitioned from one serostatus to another varied by age, with juvenile mallards having higher rates of seroconversion and seroreversion than adults. Our study provides evidence that a diversity of IAVs circulate in populations of mallards wintering at urban locations in Alaska, and we suggest waterfowl wintering at high-latitudes may play an important role in maintenance of viruses across breeding seasons.

","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0183505","usgsCitation":"Spivey, T.J., Lindberg, M.S., Meixell, B.W., Smith, K.R., Puryear, W.B., Davis, K., Runstadler, J.A., Stallknecht, D.E., and Ramey, A.M., 2017, Maintenance of influenza A viruses and antibody response in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) sampled during the non-breeding season in Alaska: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 8, Article e0183505; 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183505.","productDescription":"Article e0183505; 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-083668","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469591,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183505","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7CZ3626","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Influenza A Viruses and Antibody Response in High-Latitude Urban Wintering Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), Alaska, 2012-2015"},{"id":347599,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"12","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f44596e4b063d5d306f2b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spivey, Timothy J. 0000-0003-2735-2770 tspivey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2735-2770","contributorId":198763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spivey","given":"Timothy","email":"tspivey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindberg, Mark S.","contributorId":63292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meixell, Brandt W. 0000-0002-6738-0349 bmeixell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349","contributorId":138716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meixell","given":"Brandt","email":"bmeixell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Kyle R.","contributorId":50541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Puryear, Wendy Blay","contributorId":174238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Puryear","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"Blay","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Davis, Kimberly R.","contributorId":192195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Kimberly R.","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Runstadler, Jonathan A.","contributorId":24706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Runstadler","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stallknecht, David E.","contributorId":14323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stallknecht","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7125,"text":"Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70190284,"text":"70190284 - 2017 - Change in morphology and modern sediment thickness on the inner continental shelf offshore of Fire Island, New York between 2011 and 2014: Analysis of hurricane impact","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-24T08:51:50","indexId":"70190284","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Change in morphology and modern sediment thickness on the inner continental shelf offshore of Fire Island, New York between 2011 and 2014: Analysis of hurricane impact","docAbstract":"Seafloor mapping investigations conducted on the lower shoreface and inner continental shelf offshore of Fire\r\nIsland, New York in 2011 and 2014, the period encompassing the impacts of Hurricanes Irene and Sandy,\r\nprovide an unprecedented perspective regarding regional inner continental shelf sediment dynamics during\r\nlarge storm events. Analyses of these studies demonstrate that storm-induced erosion and sediment transport\r\noccurred throughout the study area in water depths up to 30 m. Acoustic backscatter patterns were observed to\r\nmove from ~1 m to 450 m with a mean of 20 m and movement tended to decrease with increasing water depth.\r\nThese patterns indicate that both of the primary inner continental shelf sedimentary features in the study area,\r\nlinear sorted bedforms offshore of eastern Fire Island and shoreface-attached sand ridges offshore of central and\r\nwestern Fire island, migrated alongshore to the southwest. The migration of the sorted bedforms represents the\r\nmodification of an active ravinement surface and is thought to have liberated a significant volume of sediment.\r\nComparison of isopach maps of sediment thickness show that the volume of modern sediment composing the\r\nlower shoreface and shoreface-attached sand ridges decreased by ~2.8 × 106 m3 across the ~73 km2 of\r\ncommon seafloor mapped in both surveys. However, a similar analysis for the relatively calmer 15-yr period\r\nprior to 2011 revealed significant accretion. This allows speculation that the shoreface-attached sand ridges are\r\nmaintained over decadal timescales via sediment supplied through erosion of Pleistocene outwash and lower\r\nHolocene transgressive channel-fill deposits exposed on the inner continental shelf, but that the sand ridges also\r\nperiodically erode and move to the southwest during large storm events. Analyses show that significant storminduced\r\nerosion and sediment transport occurs far seaward of the 5 to 9 m depth of closure assumed for Fire\r\nIsland, where it is thought that an onshore-directed sediment flux from the inner continental shelf to the littoral\r\nsystem is required to balance the coastal sediment budget. It is also thought that the morphology of the\r\nshoreface-attached sand ridges controls the persistent shape of the adjacent shoreline through modification of\r\nincident waves. Thus, we suggest that the sediment dynamics of the inner continental shelf and both storminduced\r\nand anthropogenic modification of the field of shoreface-attached sand ridges be considered in future\r\ncoastal resiliency planning.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2017.07.010","usgsCitation":"Schwab, W.C., Baldwin, W.E., Warner, J., List, J.H., Denny, J.F., Liste Munoz, M., and Safak, I., 2017, Change in morphology and modern sediment thickness on the inner continental shelf offshore of Fire Island, New York between 2011 and 2014: Analysis of hurricane impact: Marine Geology, v. 391, no. 1, p. 48-64, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2017.07.010.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"64","ipdsId":"IP-081075","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2017.07.010","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Fire Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.89531707763672,\n 40.722412771544384\n ],\n [\n -72.83197402954102,\n 40.739843698929995\n ],\n [\n -72.79987335205078,\n 40.750248045828585\n ],\n [\n -72.77687072753906,\n 40.75596974281819\n ],\n [\n -72.76485443115234,\n 40.75753012017694\n ],\n [\n -72.7543830871582,\n 40.763641245521754\n ],\n [\n -72.75197982788086,\n 40.76871175277928\n ],\n [\n -72.75575637817383,\n 40.77066184486565\n ],\n [\n -72.7595329284668,\n 40.76975180901395\n ],\n [\n -72.76296615600585,\n 40.767541670057234\n ],\n [\n -72.76708602905273,\n 40.76793169992044\n ],\n [\n -72.77069091796875,\n 40.76572150042782\n ],\n [\n -72.77360916137695,\n 40.763901280945866\n ],\n [\n -72.77618408203125,\n 40.76481139691839\n ],\n [\n -72.77944564819336,\n 40.76520144280567\n ],\n [\n -72.79077529907227,\n 40.76520144280567\n ],\n [\n -72.79386520385742,\n 40.766111540973775\n ],\n [\n -72.79747009277344,\n 40.76481139691839\n ],\n [\n -72.79884338378906,\n 40.76260109365135\n ],\n [\n -72.80004501342773,\n 40.76052074107624\n ],\n [\n -72.80502319335938,\n 40.759220487652215\n ],\n [\n -72.80759811401367,\n 40.75583970971843\n ],\n [\n -72.81017303466797,\n 40.75375914553263\n ],\n [\n -72.81824111938477,\n 40.750638177173855\n ],\n [\n -72.83111572265625,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -72.83266067504883,\n 40.74881754464601\n ],\n [\n -72.83575057983398,\n 40.750248045828585\n ],\n [\n -72.84244537353516,\n 40.7460865023891\n ],\n [\n -72.84261703491211,\n 40.74361546275168\n ],\n [\n -72.84484863281249,\n 40.742444938247374\n ],\n [\n -72.84896850585938,\n 40.74088420686416\n ],\n [\n -72.85480499267578,\n 40.73997376331186\n ],\n [\n -72.85892486572266,\n 40.73906330729812\n ],\n [\n -72.86561965942383,\n 40.73867310804892\n ],\n [\n -72.86956787109375,\n 40.7375024965684\n ],\n [\n -72.8697395324707,\n 40.73542135862957\n ],\n [\n -72.872314453125,\n 40.73412061435751\n ],\n [\n -72.87574768066406,\n 40.73242960878483\n ],\n [\n -72.87797927856445,\n 40.733730386116875\n ],\n [\n -72.88244247436523,\n 40.73360030952804\n ],\n [\n -72.88604736328125,\n 40.732949922769336\n ],\n [\n -72.88896560668945,\n 40.73242960878483\n ],\n [\n -72.89222717285156,\n 40.73360030952804\n ],\n [\n -72.89480209350586,\n 40.73177921058233\n ],\n [\n -72.89480209350586,\n 40.729697893611245\n ],\n [\n -72.89583206176756,\n 40.727876687858114\n ],\n [\n -72.89703369140625,\n 40.72566515672145\n ],\n [\n -72.89669036865234,\n 40.723713744687274\n ],\n [\n -72.89531707763672,\n 40.722412771544384\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"391","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599fe5b6e4b038630d0220eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwab, William C. 0000-0001-9274-5154 bschwab@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9274-5154","contributorId":417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"William","email":"bschwab@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldwin, Wayne E. 0000-0001-5886-0917 wbaldwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5886-0917","contributorId":1321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Wayne","email":"wbaldwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"List, Jeffrey H. 0000-0001-8594-2491 jlist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8594-2491","contributorId":174581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Denny, Jane F. 0000-0002-3472-618X jdenny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3472-618X","contributorId":418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denny","given":"Jane","email":"jdenny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liste Munoz, Maria 0000-0003-1607-2167 mlistemunoz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1607-2167","contributorId":184243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liste Munoz","given":"Maria","email":"mlistemunoz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Safak, Ilgar 0000-0001-7675-0770 isafak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-0770","contributorId":5522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safak","given":"Ilgar","email":"isafak@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70190282,"text":"70190282 - 2017 - Delineation of salt water intrusion through use of electromagnetic-induction logging: A case study in Southern Manhattan Island, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-24T09:00:53","indexId":"70190282","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Delineation of salt water intrusion through use of electromagnetic-induction logging: A case study in Southern Manhattan Island, New York","docAbstract":"Groundwater with chloride concentrations up to 15,000 mg/L has intruded the freshwater aquifer underlying southern Manhattan Island, New York. Historical (1940–1950) chloride concentration data of glacial aquifer wells in the study area indicate the presence of four wedges of saltwater intrusion that may have been caused by industrial pumpage. The limited recharge capability of the aquifer, due to impervious surfaces and the 22.7 million liters per day (mld) of reported industrial pumpage early in the 20th Century was probably the cause for the saltwater intrusion and the persistence of the historical saltwater intrusion wedges over time. Recent drilling of wells provided new information on the hydrogeology and extent of saltwater intrusion of the glacial aquifer overlying bedrock. The new observation wells provided ground-water level, chloride concentration, hydraulic conductivity, and borehole geophysical data of the glacial aquifer. The glacial sediments range in thickness from less than 0.3 m to more than 76.2 m within the study area. A linear relation between Electromagnetic-induction (EM) conductivity log response and measured chloride concentration was determined. Using this relation, chloride concentration was estimated in parts of the glacial aquifer where sampling was not possible. EM logging is an effective tool to monitor changes in saltwater intrusion wedges.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w9090631","usgsCitation":"Stumm, F., and Como, M.D., 2017, Delineation of salt water intrusion through use of electromagnetic-induction logging: A case study in Southern Manhattan Island, New York: Water, v. 9, no. 9, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.3390/w9090631.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-002006","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w9090631","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"New York City","otherGeospatial":"Manhattan Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.01729583740234,\n 40.701593743002\n ],\n [\n -74.014892578125,\n 40.700682761880564\n ],\n [\n -74.01094436645508,\n 40.70029233758598\n ],\n [\n -74.00613784790039,\n 40.70237457404695\n ],\n [\n -74.00304794311522,\n 40.704196477554575\n ],\n [\n -73.99995803833008,\n 40.706799110400006\n ],\n [\n -73.99600982666016,\n 40.70797026199809\n ],\n [\n -73.99223327636719,\n 40.70875101828792\n ],\n [\n -73.98845672607422,\n 40.70875101828792\n ],\n [\n -73.98038864135742,\n 40.70992213555912\n ],\n [\n -73.97712707519531,\n 40.7105727473657\n ],\n [\n -73.97541046142577,\n 40.71291489723403\n ],\n [\n -73.97455215454102,\n 40.71564730128621\n ],\n [\n -73.97232055664062,\n 40.72059136642329\n ],\n [\n -73.97077560424805,\n 40.72397393626433\n ],\n [\n -73.97111892700195,\n 40.72774659982564\n ],\n [\n -73.97146224975585,\n 40.72982797782921\n ],\n [\n -73.97317886352539,\n 40.73216945026674\n ],\n [\n -73.97506713867186,\n 40.734510840309376\n ],\n [\n -73.97249221801758,\n 40.734510840309376\n ],\n [\n -73.97266387939453,\n 40.737242357886416\n ],\n [\n -73.97214889526367,\n 40.74088420686416\n ],\n [\n -73.970947265625,\n 40.744525856457514\n ],\n [\n -73.9657974243164,\n 40.749337730454826\n ],\n [\n -73.96081924438477,\n 40.75479943576424\n ],\n [\n -73.95910263061523,\n 40.757920208794026\n ],\n [\n -73.95498275756836,\n 40.761040835324295\n ],\n [\n -73.95017623901367,\n 40.76624155398039\n ],\n [\n -73.9409065246582,\n 40.77573181645151\n ],\n [\n -73.94365310668945,\n 40.78132133668076\n ],\n [\n -73.94176483154297,\n 40.78340103809933\n ],\n [\n -73.93815994262695,\n 40.785870598954766\n ],\n [\n -73.9354133605957,\n 40.79028958392323\n ],\n [\n -73.9295768737793,\n 40.79457831752619\n ],\n [\n -73.92768859863281,\n 40.80133575979201\n ],\n [\n -73.92597198486328,\n 40.811340708909874\n ],\n [\n -73.96785736083983,\n 40.81225017494346\n ],\n [\n -74.00836944580078,\n 40.75961056634999\n ],\n [\n -74.00699615478514,\n 40.75831029512206\n ],\n [\n -74.00562286376953,\n 40.757270059827206\n ],\n [\n -74.00836944580078,\n 40.75414925627699\n ],\n [\n -74.01128768920898,\n 40.75258879956551\n ],\n [\n -74.01180267333984,\n 40.745306184001116\n ],\n [\n -74.0123176574707,\n 40.74205475883487\n ],\n [\n -74.01283264160156,\n 40.73633186448861\n ],\n [\n -74.01437759399414,\n 40.73360030952804\n ],\n [\n -74.01557922363281,\n 40.72865721071268\n ],\n [\n -74.01128768920898,\n 40.72800677563629\n ],\n [\n -74.01283264160156,\n 40.722412771544384\n ],\n [\n -74.01712417602539,\n 40.72267296820733\n ],\n [\n -74.01866912841797,\n 40.71421605600625\n ],\n [\n -74.01918411254883,\n 40.71070286896417\n ],\n [\n -74.01935577392578,\n 40.70797026199809\n ],\n [\n -74.01987075805664,\n 40.70523754289766\n ],\n [\n -74.01729583740234,\n 40.701593743002\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599fe5b6e4b038630d0220ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stumm, Frederick 0000-0002-5388-8811 fstumm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-8811","contributorId":1077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumm","given":"Frederick","email":"fstumm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Como, Michael D. 0000-0002-7911-5390 mcomo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7911-5390","contributorId":4651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Como","given":"Michael","email":"mcomo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190280,"text":"70190280 - 2017 - Quantitative microbial risk assessment for spray irrigation of dairy manure based on an empirical fate and transport model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-11T12:35:12","indexId":"70190280","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1542,"text":"Environmental Health Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative microbial risk assessment for spray irrigation of dairy manure based on an empirical fate and transport model","docAbstract":"

BACKGROUND: Spray irrigation for land-applying livestock manure is increasing in the United States as farms become larger and economies of scale make manure irrigation affordable. Human health risks from exposure to zoonotic pathogens aerosolized during manure irrigation are not well understood.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to a) estimate human health risks due to aerosolized zoonotic pathogens downwind of spray-irrigated dairy manure; and b) determine which factors (e.g., distance, weather conditions) have the greatest influence on risk estimates.

METHODS: We sampled downwind air concentrations of manure-borne fecal indicators and zoonotic pathogens during 21 full-scale dairy manure irri- gation events at three farms. We fit these data to hierarchical empirical models and used model outputs in a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) to estimate risk [probability of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI)] for individuals exposed to spray-irrigated dairy manure containing Campylobacter jejuni, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), or Salmonella spp.

RESULTS: Median risk estimates from Monte Carlo simulations ranged from 10−5 to 10−2 and decreased with distance from the source. Risk estimates for Salmonella or EHEC-related AGI were most sensitive to the assumed level of pathogen prevalence in dairy manure, while risk estimates for C. jejuni were not sensitive to any single variable. Airborne microbe concentrations were negatively associated with distance and positively associated with wind speed, both of which were retained in models as a significant predictor more often than relative humidity, solar irradiation, or temperature.

CONCLUSIONS: Our model-based estimates suggest that reducing pathogen prevalence and concentration in source manure would reduce the risk of AGI from exposure to manure irrigation, and that increasing the distance from irrigated manure (i.e., setbacks) and limiting irrigation to times of low wind speed may also reduce risk.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","doi":"10.1289/EHP283","usgsCitation":"Burch, T., Spencer, S.K., Stokdyk, J.P., Kieke, B.A., Larson, R., Firnstahl, A.D., Rule, A.M., and Borchardt, M.A., 2017, Quantitative microbial risk assessment for spray irrigation of dairy manure based on an empirical fate and transport model: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 125, no. 8, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP283.","productDescription":"Article 087009; 11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","ipdsId":"IP-074697","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp283","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345097,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"125","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599fe5b7e4b038630d0220f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burch, Tucker R.","contributorId":195801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burch","given":"Tucker R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spencer, Susan K.","contributorId":181738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spencer","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stokdyk, Joel P. 0000-0003-2887-6277 jstokdyk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2887-6277","contributorId":193848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stokdyk","given":"Joel","email":"jstokdyk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kieke, Burney A","contributorId":195802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kieke","given":"Burney","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Larson, Rebecca A","contributorId":195803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larson","given":"Rebecca A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Firnstahl, Aaron D. 0000-0003-2686-7596 afirnstahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2686-7596","contributorId":168296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Firnstahl","given":"Aaron","email":"afirnstahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rule, Ana M","contributorId":195804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rule","given":"Ana","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Borchardt, Mark A. 0000-0002-6471-2627","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-2627","contributorId":151033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borchardt","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6684,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Aiken, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70187533,"text":"ofr20171051 - 2017 - Balancing habitat delivery for breeding marsh birds and nonbreeding waterfowl: An integrated waterbird management and monitoring approach at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-04T19:00:21.524263","indexId":"ofr20171051","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-23T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1051","title":"Balancing habitat delivery for breeding marsh birds and nonbreeding waterfowl: An integrated waterbird management and monitoring approach at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge, Missouri","docAbstract":"

The Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge (CCNWR) in the Mississippi River flood plain of eastern Missouri provides high quality emergent marsh and moist-soil habitat benefitting both nesting marsh birds and migrating waterfowl. Staff of CCNWR manipulate water levels and vegetation in the 17 units of the CCNWR to provide conditions favorable to these two important guilds. Although both guilds include focal species at multiple planning levels and complement objectives to provide a diversity of wetland community types and water regimes, additional decision support is needed for choosing how much emergent marsh and moist-soil habitat should be provided through annual management actions.

To develop decision guidance for balanced delivery of high-energy waterfowl habitat and breeding marsh bird habitat, two measureable management objectives were identified: nonbreeding Anas Linnaeus (dabbling duck) use-days and Rallus elegans (king rail) occupancy of managed units. Three different composite management actions were identified to achieve these objectives. Each composite management action is a unique combination of growing season water regime and soil disturbance. The three composite management actions are intense moist-soil management (moist-soil), intermediate moist-soil (intermediate), and perennial management, which idles soils disturbance (perennial). The two management objectives and three management options were used in a multi-criteria decision analysis to indicate resource allocations and inform annual decision making. Outcomes of the composite management actions were predicted in two ways and multi-criteria decision analysis was used with each set of predictions. First, outcomes were predicted using expert-elicitation techniques and a panel of subject matter experts. Second, empirical data from the Integrated Waterbird Management and Monitoring Initiative collected between 2010 and 2013 were used; where data were lacking, expert judgment was used. Also, a Bayesian decision model was developed that can be updated with monitoring data in an adaptive management framework.

Optimal resource allocations were identified in the form of portfolios of composite management actions for the 17 units in the framework. A constrained optimization (linear programming) was used to maximize an objective function that was based on the sum of dabbling duck and king rail utility. The constraints, which included management costs and a minimum energetic carrying capacity (total moist-soil acres), were applied to balance habitat delivery for dabbling ducks and king rails. Also, the framework was constrained in some cases to apply certain management actions of interest to certain management units; these constraints allowed for a variety of hypothetical Habitat Management Plans, including one based on output from a hydrogeomorphic study of the refuge. The decision analysis thus created numerous refuge-wide scenarios, each representing a unique mix of options (one for each of 17 units) and associated benefits (i.e., outcomes with respect to two management objectives).

Prepared in collaboration with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the decision framework presented here is designed as a decision-aiding tool for CCNWR managers who ultimately make difficult decisions each year with multiple objectives, multiple management units, and the complexity of natural systems. The framework also provides a way to document hypotheses about how the managed system functions. Furthermore, the framework identifies specific monitoring needs and illustrates precisely how monitoring data will be used for decision-aiding and adaptive management.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171051","usgsCitation":"Loges, B.W., Lyons, J.E., and Tavernia, B.G., 2017, Balancing habitat delivery for breeding marsh birds and nonbreeding waterfowl: An integrated waterbird management and monitoring approach at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
2017–1051, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171051.","productDescription":"vii, 28 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-074602","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344988,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1051/ofr20171051.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.70","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1051"},{"id":344987,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1051/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.78088760375975,\n 39.250467248225746\n ],\n [\n -90.73891639709473,\n 39.250467248225746\n ],\n [\n -90.73891639709473,\n 39.27658360383146\n ],\n [\n -90.78088760375975,\n 39.27658360383146\n ],\n [\n -90.78088760375975,\n 39.250467248225746\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12100 Beech Forest Road, Ste 4039
Laurel, MD 20708

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-08-23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599e943ce4b04935557fe968","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loges, Brian W.","contributorId":146554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loges","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyons, James E. 0000-0002-9810-8751 jelyons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-8751","contributorId":177546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"James","email":"jelyons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tavernia, Brian G. btavernia@usgs.gov","contributorId":174618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tavernia","given":"Brian","email":"btavernia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190289,"text":"70190289 - 2017 - Depth of the vadose zone controls aquifer biogeochemical conditions and extent of anthropogenic nitrogen removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-02T21:27:07","indexId":"70190289","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depth of the vadose zone controls aquifer biogeochemical conditions and extent of anthropogenic nitrogen removal","docAbstract":"

We investigated biogeochemical conditions and watershed features controlling the extent of nitrate removal through microbial dinitrogen (N2) production within the surficial glacial aquifer located on the north and south shores of Long Island, NY, USA. The extent of N2 production differs within portions of the aquifer, with greatest N2 production observed at the south shore of Long Island where the vadose zone is thinnest, while limited N2production occurred under the thick vadose zones on the north shore. In areas with a shallow water table and thin vadose zone, low oxygen concentrations and sufficient DOC concentrations are conducive to N2production. Results support the hypothesis that in aquifers without a significant supply of sediment-bound reducing potential, vadose zone thickness exerts an important control of the extent of N2 production. Since quantification of excess N2 relies on knowledge of equilibrium N2concentration at recharge, calculated based on temperature at recharge, we further identify several features, such as land use and cover, seasonality of recharge, and climate change that should be considered to refine estimation of recharge temperature, its deviation from mean annual air temperature, and resulting deviation from expected equilibrium gas concentrations.


","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2017.06.048","usgsCitation":"Szymczycha, B., Kroeger, K.D., Crusius, J., and Bratton, J.F., 2017, Depth of the vadose zone controls aquifer biogeochemical conditions and extent of anthropogenic nitrogen removal: Water Research, v. 123, p. 794-801, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.06.048.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"794","endPage":"801","ipdsId":"IP-088162","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469595,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/9224","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F78S4NT5","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Coastal Groundwater Chemical Data from the North and South Shores of Long Island, New York"},{"id":345087,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599e9440e4b04935557fe97c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szymczycha, Beata","contributorId":174584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Szymczycha","given":"Beata","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27475,"text":"Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712, Sopot, Poland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kroeger, Kevin D. 0000-0002-4272-2349 kkroeger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4272-2349","contributorId":1603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroeger","given":"Kevin","email":"kkroeger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":41100,"text":"Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crusius, John 0000-0003-2554-0831 jcrusius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2554-0831","contributorId":2155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crusius","given":"John","email":"jcrusius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bratton, John F. 0000-0003-0376-4981 jbratton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0376-4981","contributorId":92757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bratton","given":"John","email":"jbratton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190189,"text":"70190189 - 2017 - Climate scenarios for the Truckee-Carson River system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T10:03:54","indexId":"70190189","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Climate scenarios for the Truckee-Carson River system","docAbstract":"

In this study, the scenarios ultimately take the form of gridded, daily (maximum and minimum) temperatures and precipitation totals spanning the entire Truckee-Carson River System, from which meteorological inputs to various hydrologic, water-balance and watermanagement models can be extracted by other parts of the Water for the Seasons project and by other studies and stakeholders.

Climate scenarios are constructed using: 1) survey data from interviews with 66 Truckee-Carson River System water-management and water-interest organizations to identify plausible drought and high-flow events that could stress the system irreparably; 2) input from the Stakeholder Affiliate Group and other modelers on the Water for the Seasons team to gain additional key stakeholder input with regard to organizational survey results and to identify the most pressing water-management issues being faced in the system; and 3) historical climate datasets used to simulate possible future conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Nevada Cooperative Extension Special Publication","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M.D., Sterle, K., Simpson, K., Singletary, L., Fitzgerald, K., and McCarthy, M., 2017, Climate scenarios for the Truckee-Carson River system, 12 p.","productDescription":"12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-076327","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345050,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345049,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.unce.unr.edu/publications/files/nr/2017/sp1705.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Carson River, Truckee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.75622558593749,\n 38.45789034424927\n ],\n [\n -119.17694091796875,\n 38.45789034424927\n ],\n [\n -119.17694091796875,\n 39.776880380637024\n ],\n [\n -120.75622558593749,\n 39.776880380637024\n ],\n [\n -120.75622558593749,\n 38.45789034424927\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599e9446e4b04935557fe9ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":149896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sterle, Kelley","contributorId":195683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sterle","given":"Kelley","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simpson, Karen","contributorId":195684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simpson","given":"Karen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Singletary, Loretta","contributorId":195685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singletary","given":"Loretta","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fitzgerald, Kelsey","contributorId":195686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"Kelsey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McCarthy, Maureen","contributorId":149897,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Maureen","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":707879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70190238,"text":"70190238 - 2017 - Small mammals as indicators of climate, biodiversity, and ecosystem change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-21T08:28:41","indexId":"70190238","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":691,"text":"Alaska Park Science","printIssn":"1545- 496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Small mammals as indicators of climate, biodiversity, and ecosystem change","docAbstract":"Climate is a driving evolutionary force for biodiversity in high-latitude Alaska. This region is complex and dynamic with high annual variation in temperature and light. Through deeper time, Alaska has experienced major climate extremes over much longer periodicity. For example, the Quaternary Period (the last ~2.5 million years), commonly known as the Ice Age, was punctuated by more than 20 major glacial-interglacial cycles. During glacial phases, water was locked up in ice sheets that covered much of North America, and the resulting lower sea levels exposed a land connection between Alaska and Siberia, a combined region known as Beringia (Figure 1). This isthmus provided vast expanses of land for species to inhabit, provided they could withstand potentially harsh polar conditions. Each extended glacial phase periodically transitioned into a shorter interglacial warm phase. These climate reversals melted continental ice sheets to expose corridors for reinvasion of terrestrial species, particularly those associated with forested habitats further south. Those species that survived at northern latitudes through repeated glacial-interglacial cycles formed the Arctic tundra communities that persist today. At present, Alaska supports diverse communities associated with both tundra and forests (Figure 2). These communities often interact with one another across latitudinal and elevational gradients, with tundra species generally found further north or higher in elevation. Alaska’s climate is continuing to change today, strongly influencing local environments and the distribution and dynamics of wildlife species.","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Hope, A.G., Waltari, E., Morse, N.R., Flamme, M., Cook, J.A., and Talbot, S.L., 2017, Small mammals as indicators of climate, biodiversity, and ecosystem change: Alaska Park Science, v. 16, no. 1, p. 72-78.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"78","ipdsId":"IP-070300","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345044,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":344962,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nps.gov/articles/aps-16-1-16.htm"}],"country":"Russia, United States","state":"Alaska, Siberia","volume":"16","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599e9445e4b04935557fe9a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hope, Andrew G. 0000-0003-3814-2891 ahope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-2891","contributorId":4309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hope","given":"Andrew","email":"ahope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waltari, Eric","contributorId":105946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waltari","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morse, Nathan R.","contributorId":195800,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morse","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flamme, M.J.","contributorId":88171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flamme","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cook, Joseph A.","contributorId":70318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70190266,"text":"sir20175073 - 2017 - Flood-inundation maps for the Wabash River at Memorial Bridge at Vincennes, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-24T08:39:10","indexId":"sir20175073","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5073","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the Wabash River at Memorial Bridge at Vincennes, Indiana","docAbstract":"

Digital flood-inundation maps for a 10.2-mile reach of the Wabash River from Sevenmile Island to 3.7 mile downstream of Memorial Bridge (officially known as Lincoln Memorial Bridge) at Vincennes, Indiana, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/ depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at USGS streamgage 03343010, Wabash River at Memorial Bridge at Vincennes, Ind. Near-real-time stages at this streamgage may be obtained on the Internet from the USGS National Water Information System at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/ or the National Weather Service (NWS) Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service at http:/water.weather.gov/ahps/, which also forecasts flood hydrographs at this site.

For this study, flood profiles were computed for the Wabash River reach by means of a one-dimensional stepbackwater model. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using the most current stage-discharge relations at USGS streamgage 03343010, Wabash River at Memorial Bridge at Vincennes, Ind., and preliminary high-water marks from a high-water event on April 27, 2013. The calibrated hydraulic model was then used to determine 19 water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from 10 feet (ft) or near bankfull to 28 ft, the highest stage of the current stage-discharge rating curve. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a Geographic Information System (GIS) digital elevation model (DEM, derived from Light Detection and Ranging [lidar] data having a 0.98-ft vertical accuracy and 4.9-ft horizontal resolution) in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level.

The availability of these maps—along with Internet information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage 03343010, and forecast stream stages from the NWS AHPS—provides emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175073","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs","usgsCitation":"Fowler, K.K., and Menke, C.D., 2017, Flood-inundation maps for the Wabash River at Memorial Bridge at Vincennes, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5073, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175073.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 10 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-081973","costCenters":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345020,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7ZG6QGC","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Wabash River at Memorial Bridge, Vincennes, Indiana, Flood-Inundation Geospatial Data Sets and Metadata"},{"id":345018,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5073/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345019,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5073/sir20175073.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5073"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Vincennes","otherGeospatial":"Wabash River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.74,\n 38.46434231629165\n ],\n [\n -87.19161987304688,\n 38.46434231629165\n ],\n [\n -87.19161987304688,\n 38.89744587262311\n ],\n [\n -87.74,\n 38.89744587262311\n ],\n [\n -87.74,\n 38.46434231629165\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5957 Lakeside Boulevard
Indianapolis, IN 46278–1996

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-08-23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599e9444e4b04935557fe99f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fowler, Kathleen K. 0000-0002-0107-3848 kkfowler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-3848","contributorId":2439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fowler","given":"Kathleen","email":"kkfowler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Menke, Chad D. cdmenke@usgs.gov","contributorId":3209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menke","given":"Chad","email":"cdmenke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":708216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190276,"text":"70190276 - 2017 - Acid Deposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:02:23","indexId":"70190276","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Acid Deposition","docAbstract":"

No abstract available

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Geochemistry","language":"English","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_168-1","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, G.B., 2017, Acid Deposition, chap. of Encyclopedia of Geochemistry, p. 1-4, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_168-1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","ipdsId":"IP-085066","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345042,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599e9443e4b04935557fe994","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70190242,"text":"fs20173059 - 2017 - U.S. Geological Survey Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T13:26:17","indexId":"fs20173059","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-22T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-3059","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) serves the Nation by providing reliable scientific information to describe and understand the Earth; minimize loss of life and property from natural disasters; manage water, biological, energy, and mineral resources; and enhance and protect our quality of life. In support of this mission, the USGS Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center works in cooperation with many entities to provide reliable, impartial scientific information to resource managers, planners, and the public.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173059","usgsCitation":"Jastram, J.D., 2017, U.S. Geological Survey Virginia and Virginia Water Science Center: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3059, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173059.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-087871","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344982,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3059/fs20173059.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.44 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3059"},{"id":344981,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3059/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia, West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-75.973607,37.835817],[-75.982158,37.806226],[-75.9983,37.812626],[-75.999658,37.848198],[-75.973607,37.835817]]],[[[-76.029405,37.953776],[-75.994739,37.953501],[-76.032491,37.915008],[-76.04653,37.953586],[-76.029405,37.953776]]],[[[-75.242266,38.027209],[-75.359036,37.864143],[-75.374642,37.859454],[-75.40054,37.874865],[-75.437868,37.872324],[-75.514921,37.799149],[-75.581333,37.683593],[-75.610808,37.605909],[-75.612237,37.585602],[-75.594044,37.569698],[-75.666178,37.472124],[-75.665957,37.439209],[-75.720739,37.373129],[-75.735829,37.335426],[-75.778817,37.297176],[-75.798448,37.296285],[-75.79083,37.276207],[-75.799343,37.251779],[-75.790386,37.231225],[-75.804446,37.208011],[-75.800468,37.201029],[-75.897298,37.118037],[-75.912308,37.115154],[-75.92552,37.133601],[-75.945872,37.120514],[-75.97043,37.118608],[-75.978083,37.157338],[-76.013071,37.205366],[-76.010535,37.231579],[-76.025753,37.257407],[-76.015507,37.280874],[-76.023475,37.289067],[-76.018645,37.31782],[-75.987122,37.368548],[-75.981624,37.434116],[-75.960877,37.467562],[-75.958966,37.500133],[-75.940318,37.534582],[-75.941153,37.558436],[-75.924756,37.600215],[-75.868481,37.668224],[-75.859262,37.703111],[-75.837685,37.712985],[-75.827922,37.737986],[-75.803041,37.762464],[-75.818125,37.791698],[-75.784599,37.806826],[-75.743097,37.806656],[-75.689837,37.861817],[-75.687584,37.88634],[-75.709626,37.900622],[-75.753048,37.896605],[-75.757694,37.903912],[-75.712065,37.936082],[-75.693942,37.930362],[-75.669711,37.950796],[-75.647606,37.947027],[-75.648229,37.966775],[-75.635736,37.979536],[-75.630992,37.975667],[-75.625612,37.9898],[-75.242266,38.027209]]],[[[-77.041898,38.741514],[-77.042298,38.718515],[-77.053199,38.709915],[-77.079499,38.709515],[-77.132501,38.673816],[-77.1302,38.635017],[-77.157501,38.636417],[-77.202002,38.617217],[-77.216303,38.637817],[-77.246704,38.635217],[-77.247003,38.590618],[-77.26443,38.582845],[-77.26083,38.56533],[-77.310334,38.493926],[-77.32544,38.44885],[-77.310719,38.397669],[-77.317288,38.383576],[-77.296077,38.369797],[-77.279633,38.339444],[-77.240072,38.331598],[-77.162692,38.345994],[-77.138224,38.367917],[-77.08481,38.368297],[-77.043526,38.400548],[-77.011827,38.374554],[-77.030683,38.311623],[-76.96215,38.256486],[-76.962311,38.214075],[-76.910832,38.197073],[-76.875272,38.172207],[-76.838795,38.163476],[-76.760241,38.166581],[-76.721722,38.137635],[-76.701297,38.155718],[-76.613939,38.148587],[-76.600937,38.110084],[-76.543155,38.076971],[-76.516547,38.026566],[-76.469343,38.013544],[-76.462542,37.998572],[-76.416299,37.966828],[-76.343848,37.947345],[-76.265998,37.91138],[-76.236725,37.889174],[-76.251358,37.833072],[-76.275178,37.812664],[-76.293525,37.822717],[-76.307482,37.81235],[-76.312108,37.750522],[-76.304917,37.729913],[-76.312858,37.720338],[-76.300067,37.695364],[-76.339892,37.655966],[-76.332562,37.645817],[-76.292534,37.636098],[-76.279447,37.618225],[-76.309174,37.621892],[-76.36232,37.610368],[-76.381106,37.627003],[-76.399236,37.628636],[-76.472392,37.665772],[-76.489576,37.666201],[-76.497564,37.647056],[-76.510187,37.642324],[-76.536548,37.663574],[-76.537228,37.698892],[-76.584289,37.76889],[-76.651413,37.796239],[-76.680197,37.825654],[-76.701606,37.822677],[-76.72718,37.842263],[-76.747552,37.875864],[-76.765711,37.879274],[-76.784618,37.869569],[-76.723863,37.788503],[-76.689773,37.78519],[-76.680922,37.759647],[-76.663887,37.751887],[-76.61971,37.744795],[-76.61997,37.731271],[-76.597213,37.717269],[-76.574049,37.646781],[-76.542666,37.616857],[-76.435474,37.612807],[-76.410781,37.581815],[-76.300144,37.561734],[-76.302762,37.551295],[-76.330598,37.536391],[-76.348992,37.536548],[-76.360474,37.51924],[-76.352678,37.504913],[-76.32947,37.49492],[-76.306952,37.497488],[-76.293599,37.516499],[-76.265056,37.481365],[-76.245283,37.386839],[-76.264847,37.357399],[-76.275552,37.309964],[-76.308581,37.329366],[-76.337476,37.364014],[-76.415167,37.402133],[-76.418176,37.385064],[-76.437525,37.37975],[-76.445333,37.36646],[-76.406388,37.332924],[-76.381075,37.28534],[-76.352556,37.278334],[-76.36229,37.270226],[-76.417173,37.26395],[-76.429141,37.25331],[-76.48284,37.254831],[-76.50364,37.233856],[-76.471799,37.216016],[-76.394132,37.22515],[-76.394756,37.157568],[-76.348658,37.170655],[-76.334017,37.144223],[-76.292344,37.126615],[-76.271262,37.084544],[-76.304272,37.001378],[-76.312048,37.000371],[-76.318065,37.013846],[-76.34011,37.015212],[-76.383367,36.993347],[-76.411768,36.962847],[-76.428869,36.969947],[-76.464471,37.027547],[-76.518242,37.055351],[-76.526203,37.077773],[-76.536875,37.083942],[-76.564219,37.077507],[-76.579499,37.096627],[-76.618252,37.119347],[-76.622252,37.142146],[-76.604476,37.160034],[-76.623292,37.198738],[-76.649869,37.220914],[-76.730951,37.213813],[-76.75047,37.190098],[-76.780532,37.209336],[-76.801023,37.206043],[-76.802511,37.198308],[-76.747632,37.150548],[-76.73032,37.145395],[-76.715295,37.148035],[-76.685614,37.198851],[-76.663774,37.173875],[-76.671588,37.14206],[-76.656894,37.109843],[-76.669822,37.06426],[-76.662558,37.045748],[-76.646013,37.036228],[-76.586491,37.02874],[-76.524853,36.983833],[-76.521006,36.973187],[-76.500355,36.965212],[-76.487559,36.952372],[-76.482135,36.901108],[-76.469914,36.882898],[-76.454692,36.884077],[-76.441605,36.906116],[-76.387567,36.899547],[-76.385867,36.923247],[-76.345569,36.924531],[-76.333158,36.917293],[-76.327365,36.959447],[-76.315867,36.955351],[-76.285063,36.968747],[-76.22166,36.939547],[-76.095508,36.908817],[-76.033454,36.931946],[-75.996252,36.922047],[-75.94955,36.76115],[-75.890946,36.630753],[-75.867044,36.550754],[-80.122183,36.542646],[-81.677535,36.588117],[-81.6469,36.611918],[-81.922644,36.616213],[-81.934144,36.594213],[-83.670128,36.600764],[-83.648314,36.622683],[-83.577312,36.641784],[-83.529612,36.666184],[-83.423707,36.667385],[-83.307103,36.711387],[-83.199698,36.737487],[-83.136395,36.743088],[-83.125728,36.761276],[-83.132477,36.764398],[-83.131694,36.781488],[-83.103092,36.806689],[-83.102092,36.828189],[-83.07379,36.844889],[-83.07559,36.850589],[-83.026887,36.855489],[-83.006086,36.847889],[-82.998376,36.85663],[-82.911824,36.874243],[-82.878569,36.889585],[-82.870068,36.901735],[-82.877473,36.90796],[-82.858635,36.927785],[-82.856099,36.952471],[-82.867358,36.963182],[-82.864909,36.97901],[-82.840051,36.987113],[-82.829961,37.003555],[-82.782144,37.008242],[-82.745562,37.029839],[-82.743684,37.041397],[-82.726279,37.042098],[-82.727022,37.073019],[-82.717204,37.079544],[-82.724954,37.091905],[-82.722097,37.120168],[-82.633493,37.154264],[-82.498858,37.227044],[-82.355343,37.26522],[-81.968297,37.537798],[-81.970147,37.546504],[-82.013966,37.533564],[-82.038972,37.547926],[-82.044382,37.529017],[-82.061256,37.536001],[-82.073246,37.555023],[-82.116584,37.559588],[-82.131776,37.552423],[-82.143183,37.565773],[-82.124372,37.57641],[-82.127321,37.586667],[-82.156718,37.59279],[-82.15611,37.604945],[-82.1692,37.613028],[-82.164767,37.618292],[-82.18143,37.621842],[-82.174688,37.646529],[-82.191444,37.644378],[-82.18632,37.629292],[-82.192394,37.625606],[-82.215649,37.626244],[-82.21669,37.639956],[-82.23939,37.661465],[-82.252273,37.656907],[-82.282297,37.675826],[-82.286446,37.670127],[-82.302312,37.675554],[-82.297325,37.699817],[-82.318879,37.733763],[-82.333044,37.740969],[-82.312968,37.760677],[-82.333816,37.765391],[-82.323696,37.772534],[-82.377393,37.803009],[-82.385259,37.81741],[-82.39871,37.808785],[-82.39968,37.829935],[-82.420484,37.846809],[-82.41546,37.854132],[-82.421983,37.859397],[-82.409799,37.865392],[-82.419204,37.882081],[-82.462881,37.914832],[-82.472523,37.899243],[-82.474666,37.910388],[-82.487556,37.916975],[-82.481001,37.924303],[-82.501862,37.9332],[-82.471657,37.959988],[-82.483836,37.971566],[-82.46938,37.973059],[-82.464257,37.983412],[-82.513271,37.999674],[-82.54958,38.068579],[-82.584039,38.090663],[-82.585696,38.107003],[-82.621164,38.123239],[-82.644739,38.165487],[-82.613487,38.170242],[-82.598437,38.217393],[-82.61252,38.234553],[-82.607131,38.245975],[-82.586061,38.245616],[-82.574656,38.263873],[-82.583056,38.296829],[-82.572691,38.318801],[-82.596525,38.342849],[-82.596281,38.417681],[-82.540199,38.403666],[-82.404882,38.439347],[-82.381773,38.434783],[-82.330335,38.4445],[-82.304223,38.496308],[-82.291271,38.578983],[-82.26207,38.598183],[-82.205171,38.591719],[-82.177267,38.603784],[-82.172066,38.625984],[-82.190867,38.680383],[-82.182867,38.705482],[-82.188268,38.734082],[-82.198882,38.757725],[-82.220449,38.773739],[-82.221566,38.787187],[-82.191172,38.815137],[-82.147667,38.83698],[-82.139224,38.86502],[-82.143167,38.898079],[-82.111666,38.932579],[-82.089065,38.975978],[-82.051563,38.994378],[-82.038763,39.022678],[-82.007062,39.029578],[-81.987061,39.011978],[-81.982032,38.995697],[-81.936828,38.990414],[-81.89847,38.929603],[-81.928352,38.895371],[-81.898541,38.874582],[-81.858921,38.89019],[-81.845312,38.910088],[-81.844486,38.928746],[-81.825026,38.946603],[-81.785647,38.926193],[-81.759995,38.925828],[-81.756131,38.933545],[-81.78182,38.964935],[-81.764253,39.015279],[-81.808955,39.055178],[-81.813855,39.079278],[-81.775554,39.078378],[-81.747253,39.095378],[-81.744621,39.148413],[-81.756254,39.177276],[-81.725583,39.215835],[-81.694603,39.224107],[-81.69638,39.257035],[-81.683627,39.270939],[-81.643178,39.277195],[-81.570247,39.267675],[-81.557547,39.338774],[-81.456143,39.409274],[-81.435642,39.408474],[-81.412706,39.394618],[-81.391249,39.348814],[-81.375961,39.341697],[-81.347567,39.34577],[-81.275677,39.383786],[-81.217315,39.38759],[-81.185946,39.430731],[-81.132534,39.446275],[-81.070594,39.515991],[-80.970436,39.590127],[-80.925841,39.617396],[-80.88036,39.620706],[-80.866647,39.652616],[-80.863698,39.691724],[-80.829764,39.711839],[-80.869933,39.763555],[-80.826079,39.798584],[-80.824276,39.847159],[-80.793131,39.863751],[-80.793989,39.882787],[-80.809011,39.903226],[-80.806018,39.91713],[-80.756432,39.91393],[-80.764511,39.946602],[-80.740126,39.970793],[-80.742045,40.005641],[-80.730904,40.046672],[-80.736804,40.080072],[-80.709102,40.101472],[-80.705994,40.151591],[-80.6681,40.199671],[-80.652098,40.24497],[-80.622497,40.26177],[-80.599895,40.317669],[-80.612796,40.347668],[-80.609695,40.374968],[-80.633596,40.390467],[-80.615195,40.399867],[-80.612295,40.434867],[-80.594794,40.471366],[-80.618003,40.502049],[-80.627507,40.535793],[-80.667781,40.578096],[-80.627171,40.619936],[-80.603876,40.625064],[-80.576736,40.614224],[-80.518991,40.638801],[-80.519342,39.721403],[-79.476662,39.721078],[-79.487651,39.279933],[-79.486873,39.205961],[-79.476037,39.203728],[-79.43983,39.217074],[-79.387023,39.26554],[-79.35375,39.278039],[-79.33238,39.299919],[-79.29271,39.298729],[-79.282037,39.323048],[-79.255306,39.335874],[-79.253928,39.354085],[-79.213961,39.36532],[-79.197937,39.386132],[-79.16722,39.393256],[-79.16134,39.411895],[-79.143827,39.408517],[-79.129816,39.419901],[-79.094702,39.473253],[-79.056583,39.471014],[-79.046276,39.483801],[-79.030343,39.465403],[-78.956751,39.440264],[-78.953333,39.463645],[-78.938751,39.483732],[-78.918142,39.485858],[-78.891197,39.5189],[-78.868966,39.531366],[-78.851196,39.559924],[-78.813512,39.56772],[-78.82636,39.577333],[-78.826009,39.588829],[-78.809347,39.608063],[-78.795857,39.606934],[-78.801741,39.627488],[-78.775241,39.645687],[-78.76584,39.648487],[-78.778477,39.624405],[-78.763171,39.618897],[-78.748499,39.626262],[-78.733553,39.615533],[-78.747063,39.60569],[-78.77686,39.604027],[-78.760196,39.582154],[-78.733979,39.586618],[-78.726342,39.567587],[-78.675629,39.540371],[-78.593871,39.535158],[-78.565929,39.519444],[-78.521388,39.52479],[-78.474178,39.51624],[-78.449499,39.542281],[-78.421105,39.54678],[-78.423287,39.556319],[-78.450207,39.570889],[-78.457187,39.587379],[-78.443175,39.591155],[-78.408031,39.578593],[-78.395317,39.584215],[-78.431524,39.614484],[-78.425902,39.624548],[-78.374732,39.608635],[-78.382487,39.628216],[-78.358343,39.625581],[-78.355218,39.640576],[-78.265088,39.619274],[-78.254077,39.640089],[-78.223597,39.661097],[-78.233012,39.670471],[-78.227333,39.676121],[-78.201081,39.677866],[-78.182759,39.69511],[-78.101737,39.680286],[-78.03886,39.638121],[-78.00233,39.600488],[-77.952104,39.606358],[-77.949836,39.58711],[-77.94215,39.584933],[-77.93545,39.608076],[-77.944133,39.614617],[-77.937492,39.61915],[-77.916836,39.602942],[-77.888477,39.597343],[-77.88111,39.606214],[-77.886959,39.613329],[-77.833568,39.602936],[-77.83633,39.56637],[-77.878451,39.563493],[-77.886436,39.551947],[-77.865351,39.538381],[-77.86368,39.515032],[-77.827188,39.530458],[-77.82565,39.516895],[-77.847639,39.500698],[-77.80183,39.489395],[-77.774374,39.4995],[-77.765551,39.493025],[-77.795485,39.481824],[-77.798201,39.475719],[-77.778522,39.463663],[-77.799294,39.458383],[-77.78611,39.447197],[-77.80086,39.440841],[-77.792751,39.430593],[-77.754681,39.424658],[-77.740012,39.401694],[-77.738084,39.386211],[-77.753804,39.379624],[-77.744144,39.365139],[-77.74593,39.353221],[-77.759315,39.345314],[-77.755789,39.333899],[-77.727379,39.321666],[-77.675846,39.324192],[-77.615939,39.302722],[-77.570041,39.30635],[-77.540581,39.264947],[-77.486813,39.247586],[-77.46021,39.228359],[-77.478596,39.189168],[-77.516426,39.170891],[-77.526728,39.137315],[-77.519929,39.120925],[-77.4858,39.109303],[-77.452827,39.072468],[-77.340287,39.062991],[-77.293105,39.046508],[-77.248403,39.026909],[-77.244603,39.020109],[-77.255703,39.002409],[-77.249803,38.985909],[-77.234803,38.97631],[-77.151084,38.965832],[-77.137701,38.95531],[-77.1034,38.912911],[-77.070099,38.900711],[-77.058254,38.880069],[-77.040599,38.871212],[-77.031698,38.850512],[-77.044899,38.834712],[-77.038098,38.815613],[-77.041898,38.741514]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Virginia\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"

Director, Virginia Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-08-22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599d42bfe4b0b58926803044","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jastram, John D. 0000-0002-9416-3358 jdjastra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9416-3358","contributorId":3531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jastram","given":"John","email":"jdjastra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70190270,"text":"70190270 - 2017 - Characterization and origin of brines from the Bakken-Three Forks petroleum system in the Williston Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-22T16:34:22","indexId":"70190270","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2789,"text":"Mountain Geologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization and origin of brines from the Bakken-Three Forks petroleum system in the Williston Basin, USA","docAbstract":"Brine (also referred to as ‘produced water’) samples were collected from 28 wells producing oil from the Late\nDevonian-Early Mississippian Bakken and Three Forks Formations in the Williston Basin of eastern Montana and\nwestern North Dakota. The samples were analyzed for major ions, trace metals, stable isotopes, and strontium isotopes.\nThe brines in these formations are highly saline with total dissolved solids averaging 308 g/L, almost ten\ntimes the salinity of modern seawater. Relative to modern seawater, the brines are enriched approximately 10 to 20\ntimes in [Na], [K], [Cl], and [Br]. Greater enrichments of 100 to 400 times in [Li], [B], [Sr] and [Rb], and 2,000\nto 10,000 times in [Cs] and [Ba] are probably due to water-rock interaction (WRI). WRI is further indicated by\n87Sr/86Sr values typically between 0.710 and 0.711—considerably larger than marine values of 0.7081 to 0.7083\nduring this depositional interval. Bakken Formation sediments were deposited in a stratified water column with salinity\nincreasing with depth. The deeper water may have been saturated in calcium carbonate and possibly gypsum,\nbut there is no evidence that halite saturation had been attained. Therefore, brines may have been introduced into\nthe Bakken Formation from the underlying Devonian Prairie Formation or from the overlying Charles Formation\nbefore these brines were diluted or replaced by meteoric water. Alternatively, salinity of the native pore water was\nincreased by membrane filtration driven by overpressuring within the Bakken Formation.","language":"English","publisher":"The Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists","usgsCitation":"Peterman, Z.E., Thamke, J., Futa, K., and Oliver, T.A., 2017, Characterization and origin of brines from the Bakken-Three Forks petroleum system in the Williston Basin, USA: Mountain Geologist, v. 54, no. 3, p. 203-221.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"221","ipdsId":"IP-086351","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599d42c0e4b0b58926803046","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterman, Zell E. 0000-0002-5694-8082 peterman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5694-8082","contributorId":167699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Zell","email":"peterman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thamke, Joanna N. 0000-0002-6917-1946 jothamke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6917-1946","contributorId":1012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thamke","given":"Joanna N.","email":"jothamke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Futa, Kiyoto 0000-0001-8649-7510 kfuta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8649-7510","contributorId":619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Futa","given":"Kiyoto","email":"kfuta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oliver, Thomas A. 0000-0002-6455-1114 taoliver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6455-1114","contributorId":2957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"Thomas","email":"taoliver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190188,"text":"70190188 - 2017 - Observed correlation between the depth to base and top of gas hydrate occurrence from review of global drilling data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-03T13:20:56","indexId":"70190188","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observed correlation between the depth to base and top of gas hydrate occurrence from review of global drilling data","docAbstract":"

A global inventory of data from gas hydrate drilling expeditions is used to develop relationships between the base of structure I gas hydrate stability, top of gas hydrate occurrence, sulfate-methane transition depth, pressure (water depth), and geothermal gradients. The motivation of this study is to provide first-order estimates of the top of gas hydrate occurrence and associated thickness of the gas hydrate occurrence zone for climate-change scenarios, global carbon budget analyses, or gas hydrate resource assessments. Results from publicly available drilling campaigns (21 expeditions and 52 drill sites) off Cascadia, Blake Ridge, India, Korea, South China Sea, Japan, Chile, Peru, Costa Rica, Gulf of Mexico, and Borneo reveal a first-order linear relationship between the depth to the top and base of gas hydrate occurrence. The reason for these nearly linear relationships is believed to be the strong pressure and temperature dependence of methane solubility in the absence of large difference in thermal gradients between the various sites assessed. In addition, a statistically robust relationship was defined between the thickness of the gas hydrate occurrence zone and the base of gas hydrate stability (in meters below seafloor). The relationship developed is able to predict the depth of the top of gas hydrate occurrence zone using observed depths of the base of gas hydrate stability within less than 50 m at most locations examined in this study. No clear correlation of the depth to the top and base of gas hydrate occurrences with geothermal gradient and sulfate-methane transition depth was identified.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2017GC006805","usgsCitation":"Riedel, M., and Collett, T.S., 2017, Observed correlation between the depth to base and top of gas hydrate occurrence from review of global drilling data: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 18, no. 7, p. 2543-2561, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GC006805.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"2543","endPage":"2561","ipdsId":"IP-082912","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017gc006805","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344997,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599bf122e4b0b589267ed33b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riedel, Michael","contributorId":7518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}